2022年天津高考1月选考全真模拟卷01
英语·答题卡
姓 名：________________________________
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准考证号
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注意事项
1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，并认真检查监考员所粘贴的条形码。
2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须用0.5 mm黑色字迹的签字笔填写，字体工整。
3．请按题号顺序在各题的答题区内作答，超出答题区域范围的答案无效，在草纸、试卷上作答无效。
4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、刮纸刀。
5．正确填涂
第I卷 选择题（请用2B铅笔填涂）
1 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]2 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]3 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]4 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]5 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ] 6 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]7 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]8 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]9 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]10 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ] 11 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]12 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]13 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]14 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]15 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ] 16 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]17 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]18 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]19 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]20 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]
21 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]22 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]23 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]24 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]25 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ] 26 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]27 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]28 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]29 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]30 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ] 31 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ] 32 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]33 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ] 34 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ] 35 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ] 36 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]37 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]38 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]39 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]40 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]
41 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]42 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]43 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]44 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]45 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ] 46 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]47 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]48 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]49 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]50 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ] 51 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]52 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]53 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]54 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]55 [ A ] [ B ] [ C ] [ D ]
请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！
第II卷 （共两节，满分35分）
第三部分：写作
第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
56.________________________________________________________________________________
57.________________________________________________________________________________58.________________________________________________________________________________59.________________________________________________________________________________60.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！
请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！
请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！
英语 第2页（共2页）
英语 第1页（共2页）2022届天津高考英语1月选考全真模拟卷01
英 语
（满分130分，考试时间100分钟）
本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共130分，考试用时100分钟。第I卷1至11页，第Ⅱ卷12至13页。
答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
祝各位考生考试顺利！
第I卷
注意事项：
1. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
2. 本卷共55小题，共95分。
第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
例：Stand over there ___________ you’ll be able to see it better.
A. or B. and C. but D. while
答案是B。
1．—Linda, I hope everything goes well with your exam.
—________.
A．Thank you B．Don't forget it C．Turn left D．Don't give it up
2．It ________be the headmaster. He has gone to America.
A．mustn’t B．can’t C．may not D．wouldn’t
3．There is more space in the high-speed train and the journey become more ________.
A．bored B．careless C．disappointed D．comfortable
4．My dream began to ______ the quality of reality.
A．take back B．take on C．take over D．take up
5．I will go to the hospital to have my eyes ________tomorrow.
A．check B．to check C．checked D．checking
6．Some parents are just too protective. They want to ______ their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined.
A．spot B．dismiss C．shelter D．distinguish
7．Some people never seem to put on weight________ others are always on a diet.
A．while B．or C．since D．for
8．---You look very tired. What's wrong with you
---How bad luck today is! By the time I arrived at the airport, the plane________.
A．left B．was leaving C．has left D．had left
9．—Could you do me a favor and take the box up to the six floor —________.
A．My pleasure B．With pleasure C．No wonder D．No comment.
10．There are a great number of attractions in Tianjin, ______ I like the Ancient Cultural Street best.
A．which B．where C．among them D．among which
11．I still have a few sweet memories of my childhood; ________, I remember times when I explored caves in the mountains with my friends.
A．in turn B．by chance C．in particular D．by contrast
12．When rats were unknowingly brought there by the sailors, they quickly ________ the island leading to an unpredictable damage to the original ecosystem.
A．took over B．held up C．checked out D．broke down
13．________ Maya civilization collapsed remains a mystery. The once-great cities fell into ruins.
A．What B．Why C．Whether D．That
14．All his attention________ on what the teacher was saying, so he even didn't notice what was happening outside the classroom.
A．fixed B．was fixed C．was fixing D．has been fixed
15．— I really never enjoyed myself so much at the concert yesterday.
— How I wish I _________ not always so busy and had been with you!
A．am B．would be C．were D．had been
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Every superhero, no matter how small, needs a cape （斗篷）. That was Robyn Rosen’s motivation 16 she started making superhero capes for kids with cancer, heart defects, and other serious 17 .
It all began when she was 18 a cape as a birthday present for her nephew. Rosen heard of a girl named Brenna who was 19 harlequin ichthyosis （丑角鱼鳞病），a potentially 20 skin condition. Anyone going through what she was experiencing had to be tough. “ 21 I got an idea,” Rosen says. “Brenna was a superhero! She was 22 a cape.”
So Rosen sent her one, and Brenna’s mother was 23 . Rosen found ten more kids online and sent out ten more capes. Before long, she 24 her job at a software company to 25 herself full-time to , a website where people can buy 26 capes for brave kids facing illness or 27 .
Since 2013, Rosen and her staff have had more than 12,000 hand-made capes 28 to kids in all 50 states and 15 other countries. The capes come in pink, blue, purple or red and can be 29 with the child's initials or small patterns in the shape of a 30 a flower or a cartoon figure.
One recipient was eight-month-old Gabe, who was born with a cleft palate （腭裂）, which causes 31 facial features. Rosen 32 him a red cape with a bright yellow G in the center. It was a much-needed 33 to the tiny superhero and his family. “The TinySuperhero community has been a wonderful connection to have,” says Gabe’s mom.” In fact, two years later, we 34 bring Gabe’s cape with us to every hospital appointment.
Every superhero, no matter how small, needs a 35 .
16．A．until B．though C．when D．unless
17．A．failure B．anxiety C．illness D．loss
18．A．changing B．sewing C．cutting D．buying
19．A．battling B．winning C．defeating D．calming
20．A．great B．easy C．dead D．deadly
21．A．Previously B．Frequently C．Instantly D．Occasionally
22．A．in favor of B．in charge of C．in honor of D．in need of
23．A．delighted B．frightened C．annoyed D．confused
24．A．missed B．moved C．quitted D．fired
25．A．involve B．engage C．decide D．devote
26．A．newly-invented B．hand-made C．old-fashioned D．outdated
27．A．disability B．health C．credit D．situation
28．A．spread B．exchanged C．delivered D．managed
29．A．covered B．decorated C．applied D．masked
30．A．center B．soul C．mind D．heart
31．A．safe B．natural C．right D．distinct
32．A．sent B．helped C．paid D．kept
33．A．demand B．promise C．lift D．success
34．A．hardly B．neither C．ever D．still
35．A．candle B．cape C．cake D．toy
第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2. 5分，满分50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Daxing International Airport
Regulations for certificates
1. If your name on the passport is English, but on the ticket it is Chinese, you cannot take a domestic flight.
2. The name and other information on the boarding pass must be consistent with the information in the boarding document. If not, the security check will not allow the release.
3. The identity document held by the passenger must be the same as the identity document used the time of booking. If the ID number is inconsistent the security check is not allowed.
4. Foreign passengers can be released through security check if there is no space or backslash in their surname and first name. It is recommended that passengers and airlines confirm whether boarding passes can be changed.
Regulations for shipping luggage
1. Domestic flight
Normally, 20kg for economy class, 30kg for business class and 40kg for first class passengers with adult or child tickets.
2. International flight
In general, the free shipped luggage limit for economy class passengers is 20kg, and 30kg for economy class passengers with student passports. The allowance of free shipped luggage in business class is 30kg and 40kg for first class.
Wheelchair service for special passengers
You can ask for wheelchair service in the ground garage, and the personnel will accompany you to enter the terminal.
Origin Destination Depart Arrive Flight
Daxing, Beijing Nanyang 06:40 08:21 KN5759
Daxing, Beijing Sanya 06:50 11:10 KI9-K28
Daxing, Beijing Changsha 07:20 09:22 A15-A28
Daxing, Beijing Yinchuan 08:00 10:10 AO1-A14
36．What will happen to a foreigner if there is no space in his surname and first name
A．He will not be allowed to board the plane.
B．He has to change the information on his boarding pass.
C．He can pass the security check.
D．He has to provide his ID number.
37．What does the underlined word "inconsistent" refer to
A．not likely B．not identical C．not accepted D．not similar
38．If a couple want to fly to Hawaii from Daxing International Airport, they can take luggage for free at most .
A．80kg B．60kg C．40kg D．70kg
39．How long will it take from Beijing to Changsha
A．About two hours. B．About three hours.
C．About four hours. D．About three and a half hours.
B
We have often heard that “work smart and not hard”. Does only smart work bring you success And if so, then why are so many of us still busy putting our blood and sweat into working hard Here, we’ll discuss hard work and smart work.
Hard work sticks to the traditional form of doing work. It is all about consistently working towards a particular goal irrespective (不考虑的) of its worth, not being worried about the result and not using any means to reduce your effort. Hard work requires a lot of commitment and sincerity from the person. Although being boring and tiresome, it can give you the best results if it is done with heart and soul.
One of the preconditions of smart work is having an in-depth knowledge or experience of the work in hand, because that allows you to look for efficient ways to do the work in a planned and organized manner. Being a smart worker saves a lot of time as you can find means to reduce your work by using logical and innovative ways to achieve your goals. Besides, it also gives you enough time to learn a new task while completing the present one.
Although it seems that smart work is a better option, what we forget is that smart work is the fruit of hard work. Only when you work hard you gather the expertise (专业技能) and the knowledge to understand the work in hand and efficiently improve on it and work smartly.
So which do you think should be preferred We are sure you have heard of “United we stand, divided we fall.”, and that is true in this case too. You will attain great heights and lead a better and comfortable life if you combine both smart and hard work together. If you are not smart your hard work will never pay. A donkey only does hard work, while a horse does hard work and uses its smartness whenever and wherever it needs. In a similar way, smart work is the result of hard work. To master the quality of smart work, you really need to work hard. Through hard work, we gain experience which helps us discover new things that in turn enables us to work smartly. The effort is important, but where to make that effort makes a difference.
40．What can we learn about hard workers from Paragraph 2
A．They lack proper work skills. B．They always have great patience.
C．They tend to ignore the goal of work. D．They obtain excellent results from their work.
41．Smart workers can save a lot of time by ________.
A．making a sensible plan B．making use of creative ways
C．learning experience from others D．getting inspiration from a new task
42．What does the author think of hard work
A．It is inspiring. B．It is efficient.
C．It is challenging. D．It is fundamental.
43．In the author’s view, the improvement of work pattern requires ________.
A．keeping working hard
B．finding a method of working smartly
C．combining smart work with hard work
D．choosing a suitable way of working based on your need
44．What does the example of donkey in Paragraph 6 intend to show
A．It is useless to work hard. B．It is necessary to work smartly.
C．The efforts you make matter most. D．The horse is cleverer than the donkey.
C
The most important lessons in life that we need to learn are the results of our poor decisions. Although time and experience are the best teachers, we also suffer from experiences such as our sacrifices, suffering and the hardships. Good judgment develops only when we truly learn from our mistakes. However, many people keep repeating the same mistakes before learning their lessons because as they say, they are just humans who tend to make mistakes.
Our weaknesses in life can be turned into our strengths if we immediately acknowledge and recognize the fact that we mess up and learn from them. Our good or bad experiences help us learn better judgment in life. Yet, too many people are in denial and place the blame on others without realizing that the minute they take responsibility for their action is when the learning process begins. Aside from learning from our own experience, we can also learn valuable lessons from the experience of others. It allows us to observe our behavior from another angle.When we recognize our mistakes and prevent them from happening again, we are, therefore, learning.
Quickly identifying our mistakes and changing behavior accordingly requires less time and energy than denying mistakes. However, acknowledgement of mistakes requires belief in the idea that the perfection is not possible.
It is easier to analyze our mistakes especially when we talk to others, which can help people to sort out comments or criticisms after a mistake is made. Despite our tendency to avoid mistakes, timely acknowledgement is one of the best ways to prevent them from repeating.
45．According to the passage, why do many people keep making the same mistakes
A．Because they are short of experience.
B．Because they don't lake their responsibility.
C．Because they don't learn from their mistakes.
D．Because they have the tendency to make mistakes.
46．What does the underlined words“in denial" mean in English
A．Being eager to accept a statement. B．Thinking about something carefully.
C．Studying about someone or something. D．Refusing to believe something that is true.
47．Learning from the experience of others helps us ________.
A．have better judgment in life B．recognize the results of mistakes
C．realize that mistakes are part of life D．re-evaluate our behavior differently
48．What should we keep in mind to admit our mistakes
A．Every man has his faults. B．Mistakes are a great teacher.
C．Behind bad luck comes good luck. D．As you make your bed, you must lie in it.
49．According to the author, how should we avoid repeating mistakes
A．Think twice before acting. B．Admit mistakes in time.
C．Learn carefully from others' comments. D．Have a timely talk with others for advice.
50．The best title of the passage is ________.
A．learn wisdom from our mistakes B．never be afraid of making mistakes
C．learn from others to see our mistakes D．stop being ashamed of making mistakes
D
Runners who encounter visual and auditory (听觉的) distractions (分心) may be more likely to suffer leg injuries, according to a research by the Association of Academic Physiatrists in Las Vegas. Runners often seek distractions from the task at hand. Whether it is music, texting, daydreaming, taking in the sights, or propping a book up on the treadmill (跑步机), more often than not a distraction is welcome. But, researchers from the University of Florida have recently discovered that those distractions may lead to injury.
Daniel Herman, MD, PhD, assistant professor at University of Florida, and his team conducted a research on the effect of visual and auditory distractions on 14 runners to determine what effect, if any, these distractions would have on things such as heart rate, how much a runner breathes per minute, how much oxygen is consumed by the body, the speed in which runners apply force to their bodies, and the force the ground applies to the runners’ bodies when they come in contact with it.
The runners were all injury free at the time of the study and ran 31 miles each week. Dr. Herman’s team had each participant run on a treadmill three separate times. The first time was without any distractions. The second time added a visual distraction, during which the runners concatenated on a screen displaying different letters in different colors with the runners having to note when a specific letter-color combination appeared. The third time added an auditory distraction similar to the visual distraction, with the runners having to note when a particular word was spoken by a particular voice.
When compared to running without distractions, the participants had faster application of force to their left and right legs, called loading rate, with auditory and visual distractions. They also experienced a increased amount of force from the ground on both legs, called ground reaction force, with auditory distractions. Finally, the runners tended to breathe heavier and have higher heart rates with visual and auditory distractions than without any distractions at all.
“Running in environments with different distractions may unfavorably affect running performance and injury risk.” explains Dr. Herman. “Sometimes these things cannot be avoided, but you may be able to minimize potentially cumulative (累积的) effects. For example, when running a new route in a chaotic environment such as during a destination marathon, you may want to skip listening to something which may require more attention-like a new song playlist.”
Dr Herman’s team will continue to investigate the potential relationship between distracted running and leg injuries, and any effect this relationship has on different training techniques that use auditory or visual clues.
51．Which of the following actions unlikely lead to injuries while running
A．Listening to music. B．Reading books on a treadmill.
C．Sending messages to friends. D．Wearing a cap.
52．Paragraph 2 tells us the research________.
A．process B．questions C．results D．reflection
53．Based on the research, runners with auditory distractions tended to________.
A．breathe beaver and have lower heart rates
B．gain a faster speed with slower loading rates
C．apply more force with less oxygen consumption
D．get an increased amount of ground reaction force
54．What can we infer from the passage
A．Running with distractions becomes uncommon nowadays.
B．Listening to a new song while running guarantees performance.
C．Runners are advised to minimize distractions in a destination marathon.
D．Runners are more likely to get injured in an environment without distractions.
55．What is probably the next task for Dr Herman’s team
A．What determines training techniques. B．What effective ways can cure leg injuries.
C．Why runners use auditory and visual clues. D．How distractions should be used in training.
第Ⅱ卷
注意事项：
1. 用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。
2. 本卷共6小题，共35分。
第三部分：写作
第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
I used to be the silent type of person before my senior year in high school. But one thing that I have brought with me all the time is my sense of independence. I didn’t like others seeing the real me, thinking that they’d only judge what I had done and what I was doing critically. I didn’t want to get hurt. Maybe I was overly cautious. But more than that, I wanted to prove to those people who looked down on me that I could do things on my own.
But then, what happened in my senior year in high school changed everything. Being the President of a newly-founded club, a secretary of another one, an assistant of a laboratory and a student in the top section, I felt extremely tired sometimes. And what I finally got was a one-week hospitalization later due to a physical breakdown.
My mistake during that time was that I refused help from my members. I wasn’t tyrannical(专横的) in my term, but my motto “As long as you can do it, do it” made me feel more sleep as soon as I hit the bed, I didn’t say anything. And that was the roof of my physical breakdown.
However, when I got back to school, I saw my members doing their jobs successfully—not relying on me in many ways. And somehow, it made me realize the importance of cooperating with others. I learned that sometimes, I really couldn't make it on my own.
What was the author like before his senior year in high school （no more than 5 words）
___________________________________________________________________________________
Why didn’t the author want others to see the real him （no more than 15 words）
___________________________________________________________________________________
What does the underlined words refer to in Paragraph 3 （no more than 15 words）
___________________________________________________________________________________
What did the author find when he got back to school （no more than 10 words）
___________________________________________________________________________________
60．What can you learn from the author’s story Express it in your own words.（no more than 20 words）
___________________________________________________________________________________
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
假设你是晨光中学高三学生李津。高中生活即将结束，学校要为高三学子准备一场毕业典礼，现拟选拔几名学生策划代表，届时将与老师们合作完成这次有意义的活动。你希望参加此活动， 请根据以下提示，用英语给校评选组写一封申请信：
1.对此活动的认识(如对本人、同学及学校的益处等)
2.个人优势(如性格、语言沟通能力、活动策划能力等)
3.你的活动创意且活动要有意义(至少两条)
注意：
1 .词数不少于100；
2.可适当加入细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯；
Dear Sir or Madam,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2022届天津高考英语1月选考全真模拟卷01解析版
英 语
（满分130分，考试时间100分钟）
本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共130分，考试用时100分钟。第I卷1至11页，第Ⅱ卷12至13页。
答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
祝各位考生考试顺利！
第I卷
注意事项：
1. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
2. 本卷共55小题，共95分。
第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
例：Stand over there ___________ you’ll be able to see it better.
A. or B. and C. but D. while
答案是B。
1．—Linda, I hope everything goes well with your exam.
—________.
A．Thank you B．Don't forget it C．Turn left D．Don't give it up
【答案】A
【详解】
考查交际用语。句意：——琳达，我希望你考试一切顺利。——谢谢。A. Thank you谢谢；B. Don't forget it可别忘了；C. Turn left向左转；D. Don't give it up不要放弃。根据“Linda, I hope everything goes well with your exam.”可知，对对方的祝愿表示感谢。故选A。
2．It ________be the headmaster. He has gone to America.
A．mustn’t B．can’t C．may not D．wouldn’t
【答案】B
【详解】
考查情态动词词义辨析和情态动词表推测用法。句意：不可能是校长。他去了美国。A. mustn’t禁止；不得；B. can’t 不能；不可能（表否定推测）；C. may not可能不（表把握不大的否定推测）； D. wouldn’t不会。根据后文“He has gone to America”可知，“他”去了美国（还没回来），因此“It ________be the headmaster.”应表述有把握的否定推测“不可能”。故选B项。
3．There is more space in the high-speed train and the journey become more ________.
A．bored B．careless C．disappointed D．comfortable
【答案】D
【详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：高速列车空间更大，旅途也更舒适。A. bored无聊的；B. careless粗心的；C. disappointed失望的；D. comfortable舒服的。根据前文“There is more space in the high-speed train ”可知，因为高速列车空间更大，所以空处需用形容词comfortable，表示旅途更舒服。故选D。
4．My dream began to ______ the quality of reality.
A．take back B．take on C．take over D．take up
【答案】B
【详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我的梦想开始变成现实。A. take back收回；B. take on呈现，显出（新面貌或新特点）； C. take over接收；D. take up开始从事。根据前文“My dream”和后文“the quality of reality”可知，此处指“显出新的特性”。故选B项。
5．I will go to the hospital to have my eyes ________tomorrow.
A．check B．to check C．checked D．checking
【答案】C
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我明天要去医院检查眼睛。have sth. done表示“使(让,要,叫)某事被做”，强调主语意志，过去分词done所表示的动作由他人完成。故选C。
6．Some parents are just too protective. They want to ______ their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined.
A．spot B．dismiss C．Shelter D．distinguish
【答案】C
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些父母太保护孩子了。他们想庇护自己的孩子远离各种危险，无论是真实的还是想象的。A. spot除去污点；B. dismiss解散；C. shelter庇护；D. distinguish辨别。根据前文“Some parents are just too protective.”可知，此处指“保护；庇护”自己的孩子。故选C项。
7．Some people never seem to put on weight________ others are always on a diet.
A．while B．or C．since D．for
【答案】A
【详解】
考查连词。句意：有些人似乎从不发胖，然而有些人总是节食。A. while 当……的时候（从属连词，引导时间状语从句），然而（并列连词，表示前后语意上的对比或转折）；B. or 或者，否则（并列连词）；C. since自从（从属连词，引导时间状语从句），既然（从属连词，引导原因状语从句）；D. for 为了，由于。分析句子结构可知，设空前后是两个结构完整的句子，所以设空处要用连词；根据句意可知，此处意为“然而”，且前后两个分句语意上构成对比，所以要用while。故选A项。
8．---You look very tired. What's wrong with you
---How bad luck today is! By the time I arrived at the airport, the plane________.
A．left B．was leaving C．has left D．had left
【答案】D
【详解】
考查时态。句意：——你看起来很累。你怎么了 ——今天运气真差!当我到达机场时，飞机已经离开了。by the time+一般过去时，主句为过去完成时。故选D项。
9．—Could you do me a favor and take the box up to the six floor
—________.
A．My pleasure B．With pleasure C．No wonder D．No comment.
【答案】B
【详解】
考查交际用语。句意：——你能帮我一个忙，把箱子搬到六楼去吗 ——十分愿意。A. My pleasure我的荣幸；B. With pleasure十分愿意；C. No wonder难怪；D. No comment不予置评。根据“Could you do me a favor and take the box up to the six floor ”可知，对方非常愿意帮忙。故选B。
10．There are a great number of attractions in Tianjin, ______ I like the Ancient Cultural Street best.
A．which B．where C．among them D．among which
【答案】D
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：天津有很多景点，其中我最喜欢的是古文化街。分析可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的先行词attractions，表示“在那些景点之中”，用介词among，介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，指物，只能用which，所以用among which引导。故选D项。
11．I still have a few sweet memories of my childhood; ________, I remember times when I explored caves in the mountains with my friends.
A．in turn B．by chance C．in particular D．by contrast
【答案】C
【详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：我仍然对我的童年有一些甜蜜的回忆；我特别记得我和朋友们在山上探索洞穴的时候。A. in turn轮流；B. by chance偶然；C. in particular特别；D. by contrast相反。根据“I remember times when I explored caves in the mountains with my friends.”可知，我对童年时期和朋友在山上探索洞穴的时候的回忆特别记得。故选C。
12．When rats were unknowingly brought there by the sailors, they quickly ________ the island leading to an unpredictable damage to the original ecosystem.
A．took over B．held up C．checked out D．broke down
【答案】A
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当老鼠被水手们不知不觉地带到岛上时，它们很快占领了该岛，导致了对原始生态系统不可预测的破坏。A.took over占领；B.held up耽搁；C.checked out结账退房；D.broke down（机器或车辆）出毛病，损坏。根据“leading to an unpredictable damage to the original ecosystem”可知，老鼠们很快占领了该岛。故选A。
13．________ Maya civilization collapsed remains a mystery. The once-great cities fell into ruins.
A．What B．Why C．Whether D．That
【答案】B
【详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：玛雅文明为何崩溃至今仍是个谜。曾经伟大的城市变成了废墟。分析句子结构可知，本句为主语从句，从句缺少原因状语，所以用连接词why引导。故选B。
14．All his attention________ on what the teacher was saying, so he even didn't notice what was happening outside the classroom.
A．fixed B．was fixed C．was fixing D．has been fixed
【答案】B
【详解】
考查一般过去时和被动语态。句意：他所有的注意力都集中在老师说的话上，所以他甚至没有注意到教室外面正在发生的事情。动词fix意为“固定”，和主语attention构成被动关系。根据“so he even didn't notice what was happening outside the classroom”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故选B。
15．— I really never enjoyed myself so much at the concert yesterday.
— How I wish I _________ not always so busy and had been with you!
A．am B．would be C．were D．had been
【答案】C
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：——在昨天的音乐会上，我真的从来没有这么开心过。——我多么希望，我不要总是那么忙，并且一直和你在一起！分析句子可知，wish后接宾语从句，从句谓语动词应用虚拟语气，因为此句表示的是与现在事实相反的愿望，所以从句谓语动词用一般过去时（were）。故选C项。
【点睛】
虚拟语气wish三种时态
虚拟语气通常用于wish后的宾语从句中，表示与事实相反或不大可能实现的愿望。通常有三种形式：
① 对将来发生的事情表示祝愿或愿望：主语＋wish (that)＋从句主语＋would/could/might +动词原形；
② 表示与现在事实相反的愿望：主语＋wish (that)＋从句主语＋动词过去式；
③ 对过去发生的事情表示遗憾或后悔时：主语＋wish (that)＋从句主语＋would/could have done或had＋过去分词。
如在本题中，wish接的是与现在事实相反的愿望，所以所以从句谓语动词用一般过去时（were）。故选C项。
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Every superhero, no matter how small, needs a cape （斗篷）. That was Robyn Rosen’s motivation 16 she started making superhero capes for kids with cancer, heart defects, and other serious 17 .
It all began when she was 18 a cape as a birthday present for her nephew. Rosen heard of a girl named Brenna who was 19 harlequin ichthyosis （丑角鱼鳞病），a potentially 20 skin condition. Anyone going through what she was experiencing had to be tough. “ 21 I got an idea,” Rosen says. “Brenna was a superhero! She was 22 a cape.”
So Rosen sent her one, and Brenna’s mother was 23 . Rosen found ten more kids online and sent out ten more capes. Before long, she 24 her job at a software company to 25 herself full-time to , a website where people can buy 26 capes for brave kids facing illness or 27 .
Since 2013, Rosen and her staff have had more than 12,000 hand-made capes 28 to kids in all 50 states and 15 other countries. The capes come in pink, blue, purple or red and can be 29 with the child's initials or small patterns in the shape of a 30 a flower or a cartoon figure.
One recipient was eight-month-old Gabe, who was born with a cleft palate （腭裂）, which causes 31 facial features. Rosen 32 him a red cape with a bright yellow G in the center. It was a much-needed 33 to the tiny superhero and his family. “The TinySuperhero community has been a wonderful connection to have,” says Gabe’s mom.” In fact, two years later, we 34 bring Gabe’s cape with us to every hospital appointment.
Every superhero, no matter how small, needs a 35 .
16．A．until B．though C．when D．unless
17．A．failure B．anxiety C．illness D．loss
18．A．changing B．sewing C．cutting D．buying
19．A．battling B．winning C．defeating D．calming
20．A．great B．easy C．dead D．deadly
21．A．Previously B．Frequently C．InstantlyD．Occasionally
22．A．in favor of B．in charge of C．in honor of D．in need of
23．A．delighted B．frightened C．annoyed D．confused
24．A．missed B．moved C．quitted D．fired
25．A．involve B．engage C．decide D．devote
26．A．newly-inventedB．hand-made C．old-fashioned D．outdated
27．A．disability B．health C．credit D．situation
28．A．spread B．exchanged C．delivered D．managed
29．A．covered B．decorated C．applied D．masked
30．A．center B．soul C．mind D．heart
31．A．safe B．natural C．right D．distinct
32．A．sent B．helped C．paid D．kept
33．A．demand B．promise C．lift D．success
34．A．hardly B．neither C．ever D．still
35．A．candle B．cape C．cake D．toy
【答案】
16．C 17．C 18．B 19．A 20．D 21．C 22．D 23．A 24．C 25．D
26．B 27．A 28．C 29．B 30．D 31．D 32．A 33．C 34．D 35．B
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。罗宾·罗森建立了一个网站，她和她的同事们给各个地方患有疾病或残疾的孩子制作超级英雄斗篷，让他们更有信心。
16．考查连词词义辨析。句意：这就是罗宾·罗森开始为患有癌症、心脏缺陷和其他严重疾病的孩子制作超级英雄斗篷时的动机。A.until直到；B.though尽管；C.when当……的时候；D.unless除非。根据“she started making superhero capes for kids”可知，此处是指这是她开始制作超级英雄斗篷时的动机。故选C。
17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是罗宾·罗森开始为患有癌症、心脏缺陷和其他严重疾病的孩子制作超级英雄斗篷的动机。A.failure失败；B.anxiety焦虑；C.illness疾病；D.loss丧失。根据“cancer, heart defects”可知，此处是指其他严重的疾病。故选C。
18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一切都始于她缝了一件斗篷作为给侄子的生日礼物。A.changing改变；B.sewing缝纫； C.cutting裁减；D.buying购买。根据后文“Since 2013, Rosen and her staff have had more than 12,000 hand-made capes”（自2013年以来，罗森和她的员工已经制作了超过1.2万件手工斗篷）可知，这件斗篷是她手工制作的。故选B。
19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：罗森听说有个叫布伦娜的女孩正在与丑角鱼鳞病作斗争，这是一种可能致命的皮肤病。A.battling与……斗争；B.winning胜利；C.defeating打败；D.calming使平静。根据后文“Anyone going through what she was experiencing had to be tough.”（任何经历过她这种经历的人一定很痛苦。）可知，此处是指有个叫布伦娜的女孩正在与丑角鱼鳞病作斗争。故选A。
20．考形容词词义辨析。句意：罗森听说有个叫布伦娜的女孩正在与丑角鱼鳞病作斗争，这是一种潜在的致命皮肤病。A.great伟大的；B.easy容易的；C.dead死的；D.deadly致命的。根据“harlequin ichthyosis”可知，此处是指这种病是一种可能致命的皮肤病。故选D。
21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我马上有了一个主意，”罗森说。A.Previously之前地；B.Frequently频繁地；C.Instantly立即；D.Occasionally偶尔地。根据“Brenna was a superhero!”（布伦娜是一个超级英雄！）可知，罗森认为布伦娜是一个超级英雄，所以立即想到要送给她一个斗篷。故选C。
22．考查介词短语辨析。句意：她需要一件斗篷。A.in favor of赞成；B.in charge of负责；C.in honor of向…致敬；D.in need of需要。根据“Brenna was a superhero!”可知，此处是指她需要一件斗篷。故选D。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以罗森给布伦娜寄了一件，布伦娜的妈妈很高兴。A.delighted快乐的；B.frightened恐惧的；C.annoyed恼怒的；D.confused疑惑的。根据and可知，此处表示顺承关系，所以是指罗森给布伦娜寄了一件，布伦娜的妈妈很高兴。故选A。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久之后，她辞去了一家软件公司的工作，全身心投入到网站上。在这个网站上，人们可以为那些身患疾病或残疾的勇敢孩子购买手工制作的斗篷。A.missed错过；B.moved移动；C. quitted辞职；D.fired点燃。根据“full-time to ”可知，此处是指她辞去了一家软件公司的工作。故选C。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久之后，她辞去了一家软件公司的工作，全身心投入到网站上。在这个网站上，人们可以为那些身患疾病或残疾的勇敢孩子购买手工制作的斗篷。A.involve使加入；B.engage从事于；C.decide决定；D.devote奉献于、致力于。根据“herself full-time to ”可知，此处是指全身心投入到网站上。故选D。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不久之后，她辞去了一家软件公司的工作，全身心投入到网站上。在这个网站上，人们可以为那些身患疾病或残疾的勇敢孩子购买手工制作的斗篷。A.newly-invented新发明的；B.hand-made手工制作的；C.old-fashioned老式的；D.outdated过时的。根据“Since 2013, Rosen and her staff have had more than 12,000 hand-made capes”可知，这是手工制作的斗篷。故选B。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不久之后，她辞去了一家软件公司的工作，全身心投入到网站上。在这个网站上，人们可以为那些身患疾病或残疾的勇敢孩子购买手工制作的斗篷。A.disability残疾；B.health健康；C.credit信用；D.situation形势。根据“illness”可知，此处是指身患疾病或残疾。故选A。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：自2013年以来，罗森和她的员工已经为全美50个州和其他15个国家的孩子们提供了超过12000件手工斗篷。A.spread传播；B.exchanged交换；C.delivered递送；D.managed管理。根据“in all 50 states and 15 other countries”（在所有50个州和其他15个国家）可知，此处是指向全美50个州和其他15个国家的孩子们寄送手工斗篷。故选C。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些斗篷有粉色、蓝色、紫色或红色，可以用孩子名字的首字母或心形、花朵或卡通人物的小图案来装饰。A.covered覆盖；B.decorated装饰；C.applied申请；D.masked掩饰。根据“with the child's initials or small patterns”可知，此处是指用孩子名字的首字母或小图案来装饰。故选B。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些斗篷有粉色、蓝色、紫色或红色，可以用孩子名字的首字母或心形、花朵或卡通人物的小图案来装饰。A.center中心；B.soul灵魂；C.mind精神；D.heart心。根据“a flower or a cartoon figure”可知，此处是指心形、花朵或卡通人物的小图案。故选D。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其中一个接收者是八个月大的加布，他生来就有腭裂，这导致了独特的面部特征。A.safe安全的；B.natural自然的；C.right对的；D.distinct独特的。根据“who was born with a cleft palate”可知，此处是指独特的面部特征。故选D。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：罗森送给他一件中间有亮黄色G的红色斗篷。A.sent送；B.helped帮助；C.paid付钱；D.kept保持。根据“him a red cape”可知，此处是指罗森送给他一件红色斗篷。故选A。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于这个小超级英雄和他的家人来说，这是非常必要的更大的信心。A.demand要求；B.promise承诺；C.lift提升；D.success成果。给加布送英雄斗篷是对他和他的家人的激励，给了他们更大的信心。故选C。
34．考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，两年后，我们每次去医院看病都还带着加布的斗篷。A.hardly几乎不；B.neither也不；C.ever曾经；D.still仍然。根据“two years later”可知，此处是指每次去医院看病都还带着加布的斗篷。故选D。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个超级英雄，不管多小，都需要一件斗篷。A.candle蜡烛；B.cape斗篷；C.cake蛋糕；D.toy玩具。根据前文“Every superhero, no matter how small, needs a cape （斗篷）.”可知，此处是指斗篷。故选B。
第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2. 5分，满分50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Daxing International Airport
Regulations for certificates
1. If your name on the passport is English, but on the ticket it is Chinese, you cannot take a domestic flight.
2. The name and other information on the boarding pass must be consistent with the information in the boarding document. If not, the security check will not allow the release.
3. The identity document held by the passenger must be the same as the identity document used the time of booking. If the ID number is inconsistent the security check is not allowed.
4. Foreign passengers can be released through security check if there is no space or backslash in their surname and first name. It is recommended that passengers and airlines confirm whether boarding passes can be changed.
Regulations for shipping luggage
1. Domestic flight
Normally, 20kg for economy class, 30kg for business class and 40kg for first class passengers with adult or child tickets.
2. International flight
In general, the free shipped luggage limit for economy class passengers is 20kg, and 30kg for economy class passengers with student passports. The allowance of free shipped luggage in business class is 30kg and 40kg for first class.
Wheelchair service for special passengers
You can ask for wheelchair service in the ground garage, and the personnel will accompany you to enter the terminal.
Origin Destination Depart Arrive Flight
Daxing, Beijing Nanyang 06:40 08:21 KN5759
Daxing, Beijing Sanya 06:50 11:10 KI9-K28
Daxing, Beijing Changsha 07:20 09:22 A15-A28
Daxing, Beijing Yinchuan 08:00 10:10 AO1-A14
36．What will happen to a foreigner if there is no space in his surname and first name
A．He will not be allowed to board the plane.
B．He has to change the information on his boarding pass.
C．He can pass the security check.
D．He has to provide his ID number.
37．What does the underlined word "inconsistent" refer to
A．not likely B．not identical C．not accepted D．not similar
38．If a couple want to fly to Hawaii from Daxing International Airport, they can take luggage for free at most .
A．80kg B．60kg C．40kg D．70kg
39．How long will it take from Beijing to Changsha
A．About two hours. B．About three hours.
C．About four hours. D．About three and a half hours.
【答案】
36．C 37．B 38．A 39．A
【分析】
这是一篇应用文。文章是一则大兴国际机场的公告，介绍了登机、托运行李的规定和航班信息。
36．细节理解题。根据Regulations for certificates部分中“Foreign passengers can be released through security check if there is no space or backslash in their surname and first name.(外国旅客的姓和名中如果没有空格或反斜杠，可以通过安检放行)”可知，如果一个外国人的姓和名没有空格，他能通过安全检查。故选C。
37．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“The identity document held by the passenger must be the same as the identity document used the time of booking. If the ID number is”以及后文“the security check is not allowed.”可知，旅客持有的身份证明文件必须与订舱时使用的身份证明文件相同。如果身份证号不一致，则不允许进行安全检查。故划线词意思是“不一致”。A. not likely不可能；B. not identical不一致；C. not accepted不被认可；D. not similar不相似。故选B。
38．细节理解题。根据Regulations for shipping luggage部分中“Normally, 20kg for economy class, 30kg for business class and 40kg for first class passengers with adult or child tickets.(一般情况下，经济舱为20公斤，公务舱为30公斤，头等舱为40公斤（成人或儿童票）)”可知，如果一对夫妇想从大兴国际机场飞往夏威夷，他们可以免费携带最多40+40=80公斤的行李。故选A。
39．细节理解题。根据文中“Daxing, Beijing Changsha: 07:20-09:22(北京大兴到长沙：7:20——9:22)”可知，从北京到长沙大约两个小时。故选A。
B
We have often heard that “work smart and not hard”. Does only smart work bring you success And if so, then why are so many of us still busy putting our blood and sweat into working hard Here, we’ll discuss hard work and smart work.
Hard work sticks to the traditional form of doing work. It is all about consistently working towards a particular goal irrespective (不考虑的) of its worth, not being worried about the result and not using any means to reduce your effort. Hard work requires a lot of commitment and sincerity from the person. Although being boring and tiresome, it can give you the best results if it is done with heart and soul.
One of the preconditions of smart work is having an in-depth knowledge or experience of the work in hand, because that allows you to look for efficient ways to do the work in a planned and organized manner. Being a smart worker saves a lot of time as you can find means to reduce your work by using logical and innovative ways to achieve your goals. Besides, it also gives you enough time to learn a new task while completing the present one.
Although it seems that smart work is a better option, what we forget is that smart work is the fruit of hard work. Only when you work hard you gather the expertise (专业技能) and the knowledge to understand the work in hand and efficiently improve on it and work smartly.
So which do you think should be preferred We are sure you have heard of “United we stand, divided we fall.”, and that is true in this case too. You will attain great heights and lead a better and comfortable life if you combine both smart and hard work together. If you are not smart your hard work will never pay. A donkey only does hard work, while a horse does hard work and uses its smartness whenever and wherever it needs. In a similar way, smart work is the result of hard work. To master the quality of smart work, you really need to work hard. Through hard work, we gain experience which helps us discover new things that in turn enables us to work smartly. The effort is important, but where to make that effort makes a difference.
40．What can we learn about hard workers from Paragraph 2
A．They lack proper work skills. B．They always have great patience.
C．They tend to ignore the goal of work. D．They obtain excellent results from their work.
41．Smart workers can save a lot of time by ________.
A．making a sensible plan B．making use of creative ways
C．learning experience from others D．getting inspiration from a new task
42．What does the author think of hard work
A．It is inspiring. B．It is efficient.
C．It is challenging. D．It is fundamental.
43．In the author’s view, the improvement of work pattern requires ________.
A．keeping working hard
B．finding a method of working smartly
C．combining smart work with hard work
D．choosing a suitable way of working based on your need
44．What does the example of donkey in Paragraph 6 intend to show
A．It is useless to work hard. B．It is necessary to work smartly.
C．The efforts you make matter most. D．The horse is cleverer than the donkey.
【答案】
40．B 41．B 42．D 43．C 44．B
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了勤奋工作和聪明工作的特点，并表示工作方式的改进需要聪明工作与勤奋工作相结合。
40．推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“Hard work requires a lot of commitment and sincerity from the person.”(勤奋工作需要这个人很多的投入和真诚。)和第二句“It is all about consistently working towards a particular goal irrespective (不考虑的) of its worth, not being worried about the result and not using any means to reduce your effort.”(这是一个始终如一地朝着某个目标努力的过程，而不管它的价值如何，不担心结果，也不用任何方法来减少你的努力。)可知，勤奋的人总是很有耐心。故选B。
41．细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Being a smart worker saves a lot of time as you can find means to reduce your work by using logical and innovative ways to achieve your goals.”(做一个聪明的员工节省很多时间，因为你可以用有逻辑的创新的实现目标的方法来找到减少工作的方式）可知，聪明的员工可以通过创造性的方式节省大量的时间。故选B。
42．推理判断题。根据第四段“Although it seems that smart work is a better option, what we forget is that smart work is the fruit of hard work. Only when you work hard you gather the expertise (专业技能) and the knowledge to understand the work in hand and efficiently improve on it and work smartly.”(虽然看起来聪明的工作是一个更好的选择，但我们忘记的是聪明的工作是努力工作的结果。只有当你努力工作的时候，你才能收集专业技能和知识来理解手头的工作，并有效地改进它，聪明地工作。)可知，作者认为勤奋工作是根本。故选D。
43．细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句“You will attain great heights and lead a better and comfortable life if you combine both smart and hard work together.”(如果你把聪明和勤奋结合起来，你会达到更高的境界，过上更好更舒适的生活。)可知，作者认为，工作方式的改进需要聪明工作与勤奋工作相结合。故选C。
44．推理判断题。根据最后一段第四句“If you are not smart your hard work will never pay.”(如果你不聪明，你的努力就永远不会有回报。)和第五句“A donkey only does hard work, while a horse does hard work and uses its smartness whenever and wherever it needs.”(驴子只埋头苦干，而马则勤奋工作，随时随地发挥它的聪明才智。)可知，第6段中的驴子的例子意在说明聪明地工作是必要的。故选B。
C
The most important lessons in life that we need to learn are the results of our poor decisions. Although time and experience are the best teachers, we also suffer from experiences such as our sacrifices, suffering and the hardships. Good judgment develops only when we truly learn from our mistakes. However, many people keep repeating the same mistakes before learning their lessons because as they say, they are just humans who tend to make mistakes.
Our weaknesses in life can be turned into our strengths if we immediately acknowledge and recognize the fact that we mess up and learn from them. Our good or bad experiences help us learn better judgment in life. Yet, too many people are in denial and place the blame on others without realizing that the minute they take responsibility for their action is when the learning process begins. Aside from learning from our own experience, we can also learn valuable lessons from the experience of others. It allows us to observe our behavior from another angle.When we recognize our mistakes and prevent them from happening again, we are, therefore, learning.
Quickly identifying our mistakes and changing behavior accordingly requires less time and energy than denying mistakes. However, acknowledgement of mistakes requires belief in the idea that the perfection is not possible.
It is easier to analyze our mistakes especially when we talk to others, which can help people to sort out comments or criticisms after a mistake is made. Despite our tendency to avoid mistakes, timely acknowledgement is one of the best ways to prevent them from repeating.
45．According to the passage, why do many people keep making the same mistakes
A．Because they are short of experience.
B．Because they don't lake their responsibility.
C．Because they don't learn from their mistakes.
D．Because they have the tendency to make mistakes.
46．What does the underlined words“in denial" mean in English
A．Being eager to accept a statement. B．Thinking about something carefully.
C．Studying about someone or something. D．Refusing to believe something that is true.
47．Learning from the experience of others helps us ________.
A．have better judgment in life B．recognize the results of mistakes
C．realize that mistakes are part of life D．re-evaluate our behavior differently
48．What should we keep in mind to admit our mistakes
A．Every man has his faults. B．Mistakes are a great teacher.
C．Behind bad luck comes good luck. D．As you make your bed, you must lie in it.
49．According to the author, how should we avoid repeating mistakes
A．Think twice before acting. B．Admit mistakes in time.
C．Learn carefully from others' comments. D．Have a timely talk with others for advice.
50．The best title of the passage is ________.
A．learn wisdom from our mistakes B．never be afraid of making mistakes
C．learn from others to see our mistakes D．stop being ashamed of making mistakes
【答案】
45．C 46．D 47．D 48．A 49．B 50．A
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了我们如何进步，告诫我们要勇于承认错误，善于从错误中汲取教训并且学习总结。
45．细节理解题。根据文章首段“Good judgment develops only when we truly learn from our mistakes. However, many people keep repeating the same mistakes before learning their lessons because as they say, they are just humans who tend to make mistakes. (只有我们真正从错误中汲取教训，我们才能有更好的判断力。然而，很多人一直犯同样的错误，然后才能汲取教训。正如他们所说，他们只是容易犯错的凡人)”可知，人们一直犯同样的错误正是因为没有真正从过往的错误中汲取教训。故选C项。
46．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Yet, too many people are in denial and place the blame on others without realizing that the minute they take responsibility for their action is when the learning process begins.(但是，很多人in denial自己犯错并且爱给别人甩锅。他们没有意识到从他们为自己的行为承担责任的那一刻起，进步的道路就开启了)”中“and place the blame on others ”可知很多人不承认自己犯错。“in denial”意思是“拒绝相信正确的东西。”故选D项。
47．推理判断题。根据第二段“Aside from learning from our own experience, we can also learn valuable lessons from the experience of others. It allows us to observe our behavior from another angle. (除了从自我经历中总结，我们也应当从他人的经历中学习。这让我们从另一个角度审视我们的行为)”可知，我们可以从他人的经历中总结内省，重新评价自己的行为。故选D项。
48．细节理解题。根据第三段“However, acknowledgement of mistakes requires belief in the idea that the perfection is not possible.(然而，承认错误需要信奉这样一条理念：人无完人)”可知，追求完美，完全不犯错是不可能的，即在承认我们的错误时，我们应该牢记“人无完人”。故选A项。
49．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Our weaknesses in life can be turned into our strengths if we immediately acknowledge and recognize the fact that we mess up and learn from them.(我们的缺点可以变成优点，如果我们立刻承认自己把事情搞砸了并且从中汲取教训)”可知，我们应当犯错之后立刻承认错误，汲取教训。故选B项。
50．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Good judgment develops only when we truly learn from our mistakes.(我们只有真正从错误中汲取教训，才能有优秀的判断力)”和第二段“When we recognize our mistakes and prevent them from happening again, we are, therefore, learning.(我们只要承认错误，并且下次避免犯同样的错误，就会进步)”可知，从错误中汲取教训，就会提升我们的智慧。“从错误中学习智慧”最适合作文章标题。故选A项。
D
Runners who encounter visual and auditory (听觉的) distractions (分心) may be more likely to suffer leg injuries, according to a research by the Association of Academic Physiatrists in Las Vegas. Runners often seek distractions from the task at hand. Whether it is music, texting, daydreaming, taking in the sights, or propping a book up on the treadmill (跑步机), more often than not a distraction is welcome. But, researchers from the University of Florida have recently discovered that those distractions may lead to injury.
Daniel Herman, MD, PhD, assistant professor at University of Florida, and his team conducted a research on the effect of visual and auditory distractions on 14 runners to determine what effect, if any, these distractions would have on things such as heart rate, how much a runner breathes per minute, how much oxygen is consumed by the body, the speed in which runners apply force to their bodies, and the force the ground applies to the runners’ bodies when they come in contact with it.
The runners were all injury free at the time of the study and ran 31 miles each week. Dr. Herman’s team had each participant run on a treadmill three separate times. The first time was without any distractions. The second time added a visual distraction, during which the runners concatenated on a screen displaying different letters in different colors with the runners having to note when a specific letter-color combination appeared. The third time added an auditory distraction similar to the visual distraction, with the runners having to note when a particular word was spoken by a particular voice.
When compared to running without distractions, the participants had faster application of force to their left and right legs, called loading rate, with auditory and visual distractions. They also experienced a increased amount of force from the ground on both legs, called ground reaction force, with auditory distractions. Finally, the runners tended to breathe heavier and have higher heart rates with visual and auditory distractions than without any distractions at all.
“Running in environments with different distractions may unfavorably affect running performance and injury risk.” explains Dr. Herman. “Sometimes these things cannot be avoided, but you may be able to minimize potentially cumulative (累积的) effects. For example, when running a new route in a chaotic environment such as during a destination marathon, you may want to skip listening to something which may require more attention-like a new song playlist.”
Dr Herman’s team will continue to investigate the potential relationship between distracted running and leg injuries, and any effect this relationship has on different training techniques that use auditory or visual clues.
51．Which of the following actions unlikely lead to injuries while running
A．Listening to music. B．Reading books on a treadmill.
C．Sending messages to friends. D．Wearing a cap.
52．Paragraph 2 tells us the research________.
A．process B．questions C．results D．reflection
53．Based on the research, runners with auditory distractions tended to________.
A．breathe beaver and have lower heart rates
B．gain a faster speed with slower loading rates
C．apply more force with less oxygen consumption
D．get an increased amount of ground reaction force
54．What can we infer from the passage
A．Running with distractions becomes uncommon nowadays.
B．Listening to a new song while running guarantees performance.
C．Runners are advised to minimize distractions in a destination marathon.
D．Runners are more likely to get injured in an environment without distractions.
55．What is probably the next task for Dr Herman’s team
A．What determines training techniques. B．What effective ways can cure leg injuries.
C．Why runners use auditory and visual clues. D．How distractions should be used in training.
【答案】
51．D 52．B 53．D 54．C 55．D
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了研究表明，跑步时受到视听干扰，可能导致受伤。
51．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Whether it is music, texting, daydreaming, taking in the sights, or propping a book up on the treadmill (跑步机), more often than not a distraction is welcome. But, researchers from the University of Florida have recently discovered that those distractions may lead to injury.(无论是听音乐、发短信、做白日梦、欣赏风景，还是在跑步机上读书，通常都是一种受欢迎的消遣。但是，佛罗里达大学的研究人员最近发现，这些干扰可能会导致伤害)”可知，跑步时听音乐，发短信和在跑步机上看书都会造成伤害。D项“戴鸭舌帽”没有提及。故选D。
52．主旨大意题。根据第二段的“these distractions would have on things such as heart rate, how much a runner breathes per minute, how much oxygen is consumed by the body, the speed in which runners apply force to their bodies, and the force the ground applies to the runners’ bodies when they come in contact with it.(这些干扰会影响心率、跑步者每分钟呼吸多少、身体消耗多少氧气、跑步者对身体施力的速度，以及跑步者接触地面时对身体施加的力)”可知，第二段告诉我们研究的问题。故选B。
53．细节理解题。根据第四段的“They also experienced an increased amount of force from the ground on both legs, called ground reaction force, with auditory distractions.(有视听干扰，他们的两腿也经历了来自地面的增加的力量，称为地面反作用力)”可知，受到视听干扰后，双脚感受到更多的反作用力。故选D。
54．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Sometimes these things cannot be avoided, but you may be able to minimize potentially cumulative(累积的) effects.(有时这些事情是无法避免的，但你可以尽量减少潜在的累积效应)”可知，Dr. Herman建议跑步者把干扰最小化。故选C。
55．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Dr Herman’s team will continue to investigate the potential relationship between distracted running and leg injuries, and any effect this relationship has on different training techniques that use auditory or visual clues.(赫尔曼博士的团队将继续研究分心跑步和腿部损伤之间的潜在关系，以及这种关系对使用视听暗示的各种训练技术的应用)”可推知，接下来文章可能将进一步研究在训练中如何使用干扰。故选D。
第Ⅱ卷
注意事项：
1. 用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。
2. 本卷共6小题，共35分。
第三部分：写作
第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
I used to be the silent type of person before my senior year in high school. But one thing that I have brought with me all the time is my sense of independence. I didn’t like others seeing the real me, thinking that they’d only judge what I had done and what I was doing critically. I didn’t want to get hurt. Maybe I was overly cautious. But more than that, I wanted to prove to those people who looked down on me that I could do things on my own.
But then, what happened in my senior year in high school changed everything. Being the President of a newly-founded club, a secretary of another one, an assistant of a laboratory and a student in the top section, I felt extremely tired sometimes. And what I finally got was a one-week hospitalization later due to a physical breakdown.
My mistake during that time was that I refused help from my members. I wasn’t tyrannical(专横的) in my term, but my motto “As long as you can do it, do it” made me feel more sleep as soon as I hit the bed, I didn’t say anything. And that was the roof of my physical breakdown.
However, when I got back to school, I saw my members doing their jobs successfully—not relying on me in many ways. And somehow, it made me realize the importance of cooperating with others. I learned that sometimes, I really couldn't make it on my own.
56．What was the author like before his senior year in high school （no more than 5 words）
57．Why didn’t the author want others to see the real him （no more than 15 words）
58．What does the underlined words refer to in Paragraph 3 （no more than 15 words）
59．What did the author find when he got back to school （no more than 10 words）
60．What can you learn from the author’s story Express it in your own words.（no more than 20 words）
【答案】
56．He was silent and independent.
57．Because he didn’t want to get hurt and be looked down upon.
58．（The fact that）he was busy but refused others’ help.
Or: He was busy but refused to ask for help.
59．His members were doing jobs well without relying on him.
60．Sometimes we can’t do everything on our own and we need to cooperate with others to achieve a goal.（答案不唯一）
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者过去是那种比较沉默，什么事都宁肯自己去做不善于与别人合作，在一次生病后，看到他的成员们成功地完成了他们的工作。这让作者意识到与他人合作的重要性。
56．考查推理判断。根据第一段的“I used to be the silent type of person before my senior year in high school. But one thing that I have brought with me all the time is my sense of independence. (在高中的最后一年，我是那种沉默的人。但有一件事我一直带在身边，那就是我的独立意识)”可知，作者过去是个沉默而独立的人。故答案为：He was silent and independent.
57．考查细节理解。根据第一段的 “ I didn’t like others seeing the real me, thinking that they’d only judge what I had done and what I was doing critically. I didn’t want to get hurt. Maybe I was overly cautious. But more than that, I wanted to prove to those people who looked down on me that I could do things on my own.(我不喜欢别人看到真实的我，认为他们只会评判我做过的事和我正在做的事。我不想受伤。也许我太谨慎了。但更重要的是，我想向那些看不起我的人证明，我可以自己做事)”可知，作者不想让别人看到真实的自己是因为怕受伤害，被别人瞧不起。故答案为：Because he didn’t want to get hurt and be looked down upon.
58．考查词义猜测。根据上文“My mistake during that time was that I refused help from my members...but my motto “As long as you can do it, do it” made me feel more sleep as soon as I hit the bed, I didn’t say anything.(那时候我的错误是拒绝了会员们的帮助。......但我的座右铭“只要你能做，就去做”让我一上床就觉得睡得更香了，我什么也没说。)”可知，作者很忙，凡事都是自己亲自做,结合本句的“was the roof of my physical breakdown.”可知，作者累垮了。由此可知，that指代的是前文提到的“很忙但拒绝合作”。故答案为：（The fact that）he was busy but refused others’ help. Or: He was busy but refused to ask for help.
59．考查细节理解。根据最后一段的“However, when I got back to school, I saw my members doing their jobs successfully—not relying on me in many ways.（然而，当我回到学校时，我看到我的成员们成功地完成了他们的工作——在很多方面都不依赖我） ”可知，当作者回到学校时发现没有他的情况下，成员们都很好的完成了工作。故答案为：His members were doing jobs well without relying on him.
60．开放性题目。作者讲述了自己过去什么事都宁肯自己去做，不善于与别人合作，在一次生病后，看到他的成员们成功地完成了他们的工作。尤其是最后一段的“it made me realize the importance of cooperating with others. I learned that sometimes, I really couldn't make it on my own.（它让我意识到与他人合作的重要性。我明白了，有时候，我真的不能自己做到）”可知，作者的故事让我们学到了有时候我们不能独自完成所有的事情，我们需要与他人合作来实现一个目标。本题答案不唯一，可以根据自己的理解回答，但要注意字数为20以内。例如：Sometimes we can’t do everything on our own and we need to cooperate with others to achieve a goal.（答案不唯一）
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
假设你是晨光中学高三学生李津。高中生活即将结束，学校要为高三学子准备一场毕业典礼，现拟选拔几名学生策划代表，届时将与老师们合作完成这次有意义的活动。你希望参加此活动， 请根据以下提示，用英语给校评选组写一封申请信：
1.对此活动的认识(如对本人、同学及学校的益处等)
2.个人优势(如性格、语言沟通能力、活动策划能力等)
3.你的活动创意且活动要有意义(至少两条)
注意：
1 .词数不少于100；
2.可适当加入细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯；
Dear Sir or Madam,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear sir or Madam,
I'm writing to apply for being one of the designers of our graduation ceremony. It will be my great honor if am given the opportunity to design the meaningful activity with our great teachers.
I think I'm qualified for the position. For a start, I have good personality. Additionally, I have strong written and spoken communication skills. Last but not the least, I excel at planning activities. My ideas to design this activity are as follows; the part of speaking out our gratitude to our teachers is essential. It is our teachers' encouragement that motivates us to make good progress during the past three years. What's more, recording some videos about our school life is also a good idea, which can help us recall and record the highlights of our three-year study journey.
I will be much grateful if you can give me the chance (or: I hope I will be accepted as a member of this planning activity ), and I 'm convinced that I will work up to your expectation. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Jin
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，高中生活即将结束，学校要为高三学子准备一场毕业典礼，现拟选拔几名学生策划代表，届时将与老师们合作完成这次有意义的活动。你希望参加此活动，要求考生根据提示，用英语给校评选组写一封申请信。
【详解】
词汇积累
申请：apply for→ ask for
此外：additionally→ moreover→ besides
擅长于：excel at→ be good at
激励：motivate→ actuate
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Additionally, I have strong written and spoken communication skills. Last but not the least, I excel at planning activities.
拓展句：Not only do I have strong written and spoken communication skills, but also I excel at planning activities.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] It is our teachers' encouragement that motivates us to make good progress during the past three years. (运用了It is/was…that…强调句型)
[高分句型2] What's more, recording some videos about our school life is also a good idea, which can help us recall and record the highlights of our three-year study journey.
(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
