选择性必修第一册练习
Unit 2 Part Ⅲ Lesson 2 Top Five Secrets of Success
阅读理解
A
Have you ever had one of those days when all you wanted to do was read an emotionally powerful story that would cause you to tears Most of us tend to be attracted by stories that reach us on multiple levels, including sadness. There are plenty of books that make you cry (and sometimes laugh) and that you can really sink your teeth into. Here are four of them.
1．The Kite Runner
This realistic and moving description of life in Afghanistan accounts for the people who were badly affected by the Taliban. You'll cry as you get to know the familial relationships and cruelty involved, but you'll also get a sense of hope as you quickly read through this appealing novel.
2．The Book Thief
Let's put it this way: Death itself is the narrator. The story is about a young girl named Liesel who has to live with foster parents during World War Ⅱ. On the way to her new home，her brother dies, setting the gloomy tone for the story. There is hope, however, when Liesel discovers her love for reading and makes a relationship with a young Jewish man she helps hide from the Nazis.
3．The Fault in Our Stars
This is probably the most likely book on the list to make you cry, as it records the experiences of teens who are dying from cancer and living their last days in love. Their lifestyle is tragic and disturbing at the same time, as we watch their health worsen. The real tragedy is the love story between the main characters, who know that their romance is fruitless.
4．A Child Called “It”
Easily one of the saddest stories of abuse in recent decades, A Child Called “It” is based on the true story of Dave Pelzer, a boy from California who suffered at the hands of his cruel family. The tears will come from both sadness and the inspiration tied to Dave's fight for survival in an environment where he is believed worthless.
1．What do the four books have in common
A．They are all about cruel wars.
B．They are all about suffering children.
C．They all probably make you cry.
D．They are all adapted from true stories.
2．Which book is about a young victim whose family treated him cruelly
A．The Kite Runner.
B．The Book Thief.
C．The Fault in Our Stars.
D．A Child Called “It”．
3．The passage is intended to ________.
A．inspire us to read more
B．introduce some moving books
C．explain why we love reading
D．advise us to buy some books
B
It's at this time of the year that marathon recovery, not marathon training, starts to take center stage.
Research indicates that the muscle damage from running a marathon can last up to two weeks. The research also indicates that muscle soreness (肌肉酸痛) is not a good indicator of muscular healing. In other words, just because you aren't sore anymore doesn't mean that you are fully healed. This is the danger for marathon runners: post marathon muscular soreness fades after a few days but minor damage within the muscle cells remains. If you return to full training too soon—running more and faster than the tissues are ready for—you risk delaying full recovery and the chance to get ready for your next goal.
The solution, it appears, is to recognize (and accept) that the muscles will take a while to heal and to be prepared to take it easy for the first couple of weeks (even longer if you're particularly sore after your marathon). While the research isn't very promising when it comes to things to do to reduce soreness and aid healing, a couple of concepts appear to help. First, providing gentle blood flow to the area helps bring healing nutrients into the muscles and also helps to remove waste products and damaged tissue. Walking and gentle massage (按摩) can help, particularly in the first few days after a marathon. Once muscle soreness has significantly reduced (usually two to four days after the race), light jogging can commence. Just be mindful to run very slowly.
No runner wants to get super fit and then lose that during the recovery process. But since you must reduce your training load following your marathon, it can be difficult as to how much and how soon to insert running into your post marathon training.
4．When should marathon runners return to full training
A．About half a month after the competition.
B．A few days after soreness disappears.
C．Before the tissues recover completely.
D．Before the next game draws closer.
5．How can marathon runners reduce their muscle soreness
A．Through family care.
B．By doing gentle exercise.
C．Through medical treatment.
D．By removing damaged tissue.
6．Which of the following best explains the underlined word “commence” in Paragraph 3
A．Fit. B．Heal.
C．Start. D．Mend.
7．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Recovery After Marathon
B．Soreness with Sports
C．Healing Muscle Soreness
D．Reducing Training Load
C
Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalization and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that.
Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.
8．What can we infer about languages in hunter gatherer times
A．They developed very fast.
B．They were large in number.
C．They had similar patterns.
D．They were closely connected.
9．Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in Paragraph 2
A．Complex. B．Advanced.
C．Powerful. D．Modern.
10．How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present
A．About 6,800. B．About 3,400.
C．About 2,400. D．About 1,200.
11．What is the main idea of the text
A．New languages will be created.
B．People's lifestyles are reflected in languages.
C．Human development results in fewer languages.
D．Geography determines language evolution. 选择性必修第一册练习
Unit 2 Part Ⅲ Lesson 2 Top Five Secrets of Success
阅读理解
A
Have you ever had one of those days when all you wanted to do was read an emotionally powerful story that would cause you to tears Most of us tend to be attracted by stories that reach us on multiple levels, including sadness. There are plenty of books that make you cry (and sometimes laugh) and that you can really sink your teeth into. Here are four of them.
1．The Kite Runner
This realistic and moving description of life in Afghanistan accounts for the people who were badly affected by the Taliban. You'll cry as you get to know the familial relationships and cruelty involved, but you'll also get a sense of hope as you quickly read through this appealing novel.
2．The Book Thief
Let's put it this way: Death itself is the narrator. The story is about a young girl named Liesel who has to live with foster parents during World War Ⅱ. On the way to her new home，her brother dies, setting the gloomy tone for the story. There is hope, however, when Liesel discovers her love for reading and makes a relationship with a young Jewish man she helps hide from the Nazis.
3．The Fault in Our Stars
This is probably the most likely book on the list to make you cry, as it records the experiences of teens who are dying from cancer and living their last days in love. Their lifestyle is tragic and disturbing at the same time, as we watch their health worsen. The real tragedy is the love story between the main characters, who know that their romance is fruitless.
4．A Child Called “It”
Easily one of the saddest stories of abuse in recent decades, A Child Called “It” is based on the true story of Dave Pelzer, a boy from California who suffered at the hands of his cruel family. The tears will come from both sadness and the inspiration tied to Dave's fight for survival in an environment where he is believed worthless.
1．What do the four books have in common
A．They are all about cruel wars.
B．They are all about suffering children.
C．They all probably make you cry.
D．They are all adapted from true stories.
2．Which book is about a young victim whose family treated him cruelly
A．The Kite Runner.
B．The Book Thief.
C．The Fault in Our Stars.
D．A Child Called “It”．
3．The passage is intended to ________.
A．inspire us to read more
B．introduce some moving books
C．explain why we love reading
D．advise us to buy some books
B
It's at this time of the year that marathon recovery, not marathon training, starts to take center stage.
Research indicates that the muscle damage from running a marathon can last up to two weeks. The research also indicates that muscle soreness (肌肉酸痛) is not a good indicator of muscular healing. In other words, just because you aren't sore anymore doesn't mean that you are fully healed. This is the danger for marathon runners: post marathon muscular soreness fades after a few days but minor damage within the muscle cells remains. If you return to full training too soon—running more and faster than the tissues are ready for—you risk delaying full recovery and the chance to get ready for your next goal.
The solution, it appears, is to recognize (and accept) that the muscles will take a while to heal and to be prepared to take it easy for the first couple of weeks (even longer if you're particularly sore after your marathon). While the research isn't very promising when it comes to things to do to reduce soreness and aid healing, a couple of concepts appear to help. First, providing gentle blood flow to the area helps bring healing nutrients into the muscles and also helps to remove waste products and damaged tissue. Walking and gentle massage (按摩) can help, particularly in the first few days after a marathon. Once muscle soreness has significantly reduced (usually two to four days after the race), light jogging can commence. Just be mindful to run very slowly.
No runner wants to get super fit and then lose that during the recovery process. But since you must reduce your training load following your marathon, it can be difficult as to how much and how soon to insert running into your post marathon training.
4．When should marathon runners return to full training
A．About half a month after the competition.
B．A few days after soreness disappears.
C．Before the tissues recover completely.
D．Before the next game draws closer.
5．How can marathon runners reduce their muscle soreness
A．Through family care.
B．By doing gentle exercise.
C．Through medical treatment.
D．By removing damaged tissue.
6．Which of the following best explains the underlined word “commence” in Paragraph 3
A．Fit. B．Heal.
C．Start. D．Mend.
7．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Recovery After Marathon
B．Soreness with Sports
C．Healing Muscle Soreness
D．Reducing Training Load
C
Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalization and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that.
Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.
8．What can we infer about languages in hunter gatherer times
A．They developed very fast.
B．They were large in number.
C．They had similar patterns.
D．They were closely connected.
9．Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in Paragraph 2
A．Complex. B．Advanced.
C．Powerful. D．Modern.
10．How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present
A．About 6,800. B．About 3,400.
C．About 2,400. D．About 1,200.
11．What is the main idea of the text
A．New languages will be created.
B．People's lifestyles are reflected in languages.
C．Human development results in fewer languages.
D．Geography determines language evolution.
详解答案
阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一则广告。文章主要介绍了令人感动的四本书。
1．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第一段倒数第二句“There are plenty of books that make you cry (and sometimes laugh) and that you can really sink your teeth into.”可知，本文介绍的四本书都有可能让你感动得热泪盈眶。故选C。
2．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“A Child Called ‘It’ is based on the true story of Dave Pelzer, a boy from California who suffered at the hands of his cruel family.”可知，第四本书的主人公Dave被家人残忍地对待。故选D。
3．答案与解析：B 主旨大意题。根据第一段最后两句“There are plenty of books that make you cry (and sometimes laugh) and that you can really sink your teeth into. Here are four of them.”并结合全文可知，本文主要介绍了令人感动的四本书。故选B。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。马拉松赛后运动员常会肌肉酸痛。研究表明肌肉不再酸痛不是肌肉治愈的标志，运动员仍需休息几天才能彻底康复。文章就彻底康复提供了两点行之有效的办法。
4．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。题干问的是运动员什么时候可以返回训练。根据第二段第一句“Research indicates that the muscle damage from running a marathon can last up to two weeks.”可知，肌肉伤害可能会持续两周时间。因此，赛后约半个月运动员才能返回训练。故选A。
5．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。题干问的是马拉松运动员如何能减轻肌肉酸痛。根据第三段倒数第三句“Walking and gentle massage (按摩)can help, particularly in the first few days after a marathon.”可知，在赛后的几天里散步和轻柔按摩有帮助。因此，轻微锻炼可减轻酸痛。故选B。
6．答案与解析：C 词义猜测题。根据上下文语境可知，一旦肌肉酸痛明显减轻就可以开始慢跑了，记住一定要跑得非常慢。结合选项可知，start意为“开始”，符合题意。故选C。
7．答案与解析：A 标题概括题。题干问的是本文最适合的标题是什么。通读全文可知，本文主要对马拉松后的康复提出了建议。故选A。
C
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了语言的发展过程及现状。
8．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Some language...between them.”可知，一些语言专家认为，一万年前世界上只有500万到1 000万人，但他们可能说12 000种语言；该题问的是关于狩猎采集时代的语言我们能推断出什么。根据第一段第二句和关键句可知，狩猎采集时期的人口非常少，但人们使用很多种语言。故选B。
9．答案与解析：C 词义猜测题。该题问的是下列哪一项可以最好地解释第二段中的画线词“dominant”。根据画线词所在句的内容可知，许多语言正在消失，而像英语、西班牙语和汉语等重要的语言正在取而代之。因此画线词的词义与C项最为接近。故选C。
10．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，“目前世界上大约有6 800种语言”，根据第三段最后一句，可知“说某种语言的人的中位数只有6 000，这意味着世界上有一半的语言其使用人数少于6 000人。”该题问的是目前少于6 000人使用的语言有多少种。根据关键句可知，6 800种语言的一半是3 400种。故选B。
11．答案与解析：C 主旨大意题。该题问的是本篇文章的主旨大意是什么。根据第一段第一句“Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.”，并结合下文内容可知，文章主要介绍了人类的不断发展导致语言种类越来越少。放选C。
