扬州市2021-2022学年度第一学期
高三英语试题（一）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At school. B. In a cinema. C. In a bookstore.
2. What are the speakers talking about
A. Their work. B. Weekend plan. C. A street dance contest.
3. What did the woman use the stamps for
A. She mailed some bills. B. She mailed some cards. C. She mailed some letters.
4. How much should the man pay
A. $15. B. $24. C. $30.
5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Teacher and student. B. Father and daughter. C. Classmates.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What museums does the woman like best
A. Art museums.
B. British museums.
C. Natural history museums.
7. How many collections of objects are there in the British Museum
A. 2 million. B. 8 million. C. 10 million.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the weather like now
A. Windy. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy.
9. What will the woman do next
A. Watch a football game. B. Go biking with the man. C. Do some housework.
10. Which team does the man support
A. St. Martins. B. State College. C. State Youth Team.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Who is Jamila most likely to be
A. The man’s customer. B. The man’s wife. C. The man’s boss.
12. Why was the man asked to give the presentation according to the woman
A. He is excellent at his job.
B. He gets on well with Jamila.
C. He is good at public speaking.
13 What does the woman advise the man to do
A. Find out the customers’ likes.
B. Have a talk with Jamila.
C. Ask a friend for help.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What did the man think of the awards
A. They were funny.
B. They were boring.
C. They were fair.
15. Who won an award for the achievement in sports
A. Chris. B. Paul. C. Mary.
16. Why is the man going back to school
A. To receive more awards.
B. To help the younger kids.
C. To attend the school dance.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Who is making the announcement
A. The student government president.
B. The school newspaper writer.
C. The football team captain.
18. How many new teams are added this year
A. Four. B. Three. C. Two.
19. What do the music club members do
A. They organize trips.
B. They attend concerts.
C. They have dancing nights.
20. Why should a student join a campus group
A. To have friends.
B. To make good grades.
C. To keep up with world news.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15个小题；每小题题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Our service is exceptional. Is your pet insurer this good Pet owners have given Bought By Many some of the highest scores in the UK in an independent survey by the Institute of Customer Service.“Excellent service, I highly recommend. The person I spoke to was very helpful, professional and clear, answered all my questions and was very sympathetic to this very worried dog owner! I am delighted with the service.”Annie, Bought By Many customer★★★★★ Feefo ratingJoin the thousands of people who already love our comprehensive pet insurance and award-winning service.Use this link to buy a new policy by 18/10/2020 and get a free pet treat box worth￡19.99Lines open Mon to Fri 09: 00-19: 00 and Sat, 09:00-17:30
1. What is Annie’s attitude towards the service provided by Bought By Many
A. Doubtful. B. Sympathetic. C. Satisfied. D. Disapproving.
2. Who are the target customers of this advertisement
A. People who need to buy pet insurance. B. Employees who work in Bought By Many.
C. Volunteers who make donations to pets. D. Graduates who want to start a pet business.
3. Customers can call 0345 646 0749 at _______.
A. 6:00 p.m. on Saturday B. 10:20 p.m. on Sunday
C. 7:00 a.m. on Thursday D. 11:00 a.m. on Wednesday
B
With fingers and wrists wrapped in medicated tape, Zhang Guimei, founder and principal of the first free high school for girls in China, was presented with the July 1 Medal on Tuesday.
Zhang met her husband in Dali and worked as a teacher in a local school. Unfortunately, her husband died of cancer not long after their marriage. Sadly, Zhang decided to leave this place with which she was too familiar. Hence, she volunteered to teach at a middle school in Huaping, a poverty-stricken county located in the mountains.
Over time, Zhang witnessed the gender gap in education up close in relatively poor rural areas. Urban and rural students already faced unequal access to quality education, and the traditional belief of male superiority only worsened rural girls’ situation. She discovered that many female students would just disappear after studying for a while and some girls were even pulled out of class just before the college entrance exam. The reasons varied: to pay for the younger brother’s tuition, the girl’s parents would have her quit and return home to earn money; the family received engagement gifts...
In 2002, Zhang came up with an idea which, to many, seemed crazy: to found a free high school for girls. Six years later, with help from the Party and the local government and personal donations, she founded the Huaping All-Girls High School. With the goal of never letting a girl fall behind in schooling, Zhang often works overtime despite suffering from several kinds of illnesses. She has walked to almost every household deep in the mountains, talking to the parents about the importance of education for girls.
The efforts paid off. Over the past 13 years, her school has sent 1,800 girls to university. “To educate a girl is to change the destiny of three generations. A cultured, responsible mother won't let her daughter drop out of school,” Zhang said.
4. What probably made Zhang Guimei decide to leave the local school in Dali
A. Her loss of husband. B. Her desire for exploration.
C. Her love for teaching. D. Her eagerness for adventure.
5. What inspired Zhang to found a high school for girls
A Difficult examinations. B. Gender inequality.
C. Local misunderstanding. D. Teacher resignation.
6. Which of the following words can best describe Zhang Guimei
A. Determined. B. Pessimistic. C. Economical. D. Outspoken.
7. What’s the main idea of the text
A A free high school for girls was successfully set up.
B. A woman with illnesses faces ups and downs in life.
C. The gender gap in education in rural China is bridged.
D. A woman’s devotion to girls’ education finally paid off.
C
The rich land of the Nile delta is being eroded along Egypt’s Mediterranean coast at an astonishing rate, in some parts estimated at 100 metres per year. In the past, land washed away from the coastline by the currents of the Mediterranean Sea used to be replaced by sediment brought down to the delta by the River Nile, but this is no longer happening.
Up to now, people have blamed this loss of delta land on the two large Aswan dams in the south of Egypt, which hold back almost all of the sediment that used to flow down the river. Before the dams were built, the Nile flowed freely carrying huge quantities of sediment. But when the Aswan dams were constructed to provide electricity and irrigation, and to protect the huge population centre of Cairo from annual flooding and drought, most of the sediment with its natural fertilizer accumulated up above the dam in the southern upstream half of Lake Nasser, instead of passing down to the delta.
Now, however, there turns out to be more to the story. It appears that the sediment-free water picks up sand as it erodes the river bed and banks on the 800-kilometre trip to Cairo. Daniel Jean Stanley of the Smithsonian Institute noticed that water samples taken in Cairo indicated that the river sometimes carries more than 850 grams of sediment per cubic metre of water — almost half of what it carried before the dams were built.
International environmental organizations are beginning to pay closer attention to the region, partly because of the problems of erosion and pollution of the Nile delta, but mainly because they fear the impact this situation could have on the whole Mediterranean coastal ecosystem.
But there are no easy solutions. In the immediate future, Stanley believes that one solution would be to make artificial floods to flush out the delta waterways, in the same way that natural floods did before the construction of the dams. He says, however, that in the long term an alternative process such as desalination may have to be used to increase the amount of water available.
8. What’s happening to the Nile delta
A. The land is becoming salty. B. The land is being washed away.
C. The sediment is blocked in. D. The sediment is brought down.
9. How does the author develop Paragraphs 2 & 3 when analyzing the reason
A. By quotation. B. By telling a story. C. By comparison. D. By citing an example.
10. What is international environmental organizations’ main concern
A. Rapid erosion. B. Incredible situation. C. Severe pollution. D. Unhealthy ecosystem.
11. What is the author’s attitude towards the solution to the problem
A. Confident. B. Questioning. C. Convinced. D. Responsible.
D
A new study, published in Psychological Science, finds that people who think they can learn from their mistakes have a different brain reaction to mistakes than people who think intelligence is fixed.
“One big difference between people who think intelligence is malleable and those who think intelligence is fixed is how they respond to mistakes,” says Jason S. Moser, of Michigan State University. Studies have found that people who think intelligence is malleable say things like, “When the going gets tough, I put in more effort.” or “If I make a mistake, I try to learn and figure it out.” On the other hand, people who think that they can't get smarter will not take opportunities to learn from their mistakes.
For this study, Moser and his colleagues gave participants a task that was easy to make a mistake on. They were supposed to identify the middle letter of a five-letter series like “MMMMM”, “MMNMM” or “NNMNN”. Sometimes the middle letter was the same as the other four, and sometimes it was different.
While doing the task, the participants wear a cap on his or her head that records electrical activity in the brain. When someone makes a mistake, their brain makes two quick signals: an initial response that indicates something has gone wrong—the “Oh, crap” response, as Moser calls it—and a follow-up signal that indicates an attempt to correct the mistake.
A bigger second signal was displayed in the participants who were better able to recover from making a mistake—that is, those who believed that they could learn from such a mistake—than in the participants who had negative feelings about a mistake and believed that their failure was due to their own shortcomings.
“This research might help us understand why exactly the two types of individuals show different behaviors after mistakes and could help in training people to believe that they can work harder and learn more, by showing how their brain is reacting to mistakes,” Moser says.
12. What does the underlined word “malleable” mean in the second paragraph
A. Unchanged. B. Flexible.
C Unimportant. D. Difficult.
13. If a student thinks her intelligence is fixed, what will she say
A. “It’s not worth bothering to try harder.”
B. “Come on, though I’ve failed this time.”
C. “I want to know why I failed this exam.”
D. “I do like the feelings the failure brings.”
14. What is the significance of the research findings
A. To advise people to respond to mistakes.
B. To inspire people to learn from mistakes.
C To promote people's blame on themselves.
D. To indicate people’s difference in behavior.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. Oh, crap! B. Waste of effort!
C. What a pity! D. Never give up!
第二节（共5小题; 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When it comes to hobbies and career, all of us have our own stories. As a little girl, my favorite thing to do was read — same as today. So I figured I’d be a librarian when I grew up. ___16___ The library had a two-book limit, but she knew I’d blow through those in just a few days, so she always let me check out a big stack.
Time passed quickly and I was in fourth grade. Our school librarian, Mrs. Ketelsen, sent some poems I’d written about dinosaurs to Highlights magazine. ___17___
At the University, though majoring in journalism, I quickly learned that I did not want to be a newspaper reporter. ___18___ It amuses almost everyone who knows me and thinks I’m outgoing. (I am, but only with people I know!) So I was thrilled when I was selected for a summer internship at Reader’s Digest.
Ten years after that, I came back to RD to work as an editor. ___19___ I’ve worked at other magazines too, but I’ve spent most of my career here, reading magazines, newspapers, websites, and books for stories we could condense (简缩); writing articles; even choosing jokes.
___20___ “The Tractor War” takes me home to the Midwest. “Something to Sneeze At” reminds me of all the sneezing I did when I moved to New York City and was suddenly allergic to grasses and trees... I relate to lots of our stories this month, and I hope you do too. Enjoy!
A. It was a long road home.
B. I lost my interest in it soon.
C. My first published writing!
D. I’m shy about interviewing people.
E. My dream of becoming a librarian encouraged me.
F. The stories in this issue seem to introduce myself to you.
G. Our town librarian, Mrs. Tonne, was really important to me becoming me.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One bitterly cold morning a few years back, I walked into the bathroom and turned on the water to brush my teeth. No water. In a ___21___, I turned to the kitchen hoping for better. No. My next step was to call my city ___22___ department. The voice that answered was that of someone who’d already answered the phone too many times that ___23___. I learned that my waterline was ___24___. Only one company could solve the problem, and it was booked ___25___ two days.
Two days later, after I got the all-clear, the guy at the water department told me, “___26___ you want to go through that again, open a tap and let a pencil lead stream of water ___27___ for the rest of the winter.”
For the next six weeks, the endless stream became an upsetting ___28___ of everything I didn’t know. I really had no ___29___ where our water came from. Or how my phone call to the water department had ___30___ to the water department. As I ___31___ out of the window, I further realized I knew nothing about the concrete sidewalk leading to our door, the lawn beneath the ___32___ fallen snow, the squirrels in the trees ... nothing. And these were just the things I could see through one small window. I had read a number of books about ___33___ across Antarctica, down the Amazon River, and up Mount Everest; I’d written books about 50,000-year-old wood buried in the ___34___ of New Zealand and the violin makers of Cremona, Italy — ___35___ I knew nothing about the world right outside my front door.
21. A. fog B. rain C. dusk D. purity
22. A. wind B. water C. food D. tooth
23. A. morning B. noon C. afternoon D. evening
24. A. mended B. frozen C. delivered D. equipped
25. A. in B. after C. for D. at
26. A. When B. While C. If D. Unless
27. A. block B. save C. run D. substitute
28. A. saint B. hunter C. settler D. reminder
29. A. idea B. chance C. ability D. right
30. A. come by B. got through C. turned up D. put out
31. A. came B. flew C. stared D. ran
32. A. randomly B. readily C. thoroughly D. freshly
33. A. surfing B. submitting C. journeying D. praying
34. A. warehouses B. wetlands C. rays D. air
35. A. but B. and C. because D. therefore
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分， 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Autumn Equinox (秋分) lies at the midpoint of autumn, ____36____ (divide) autumn into two equal parts. After that day, the location of direct sunlight moves to the south, making days ____37____ (short) and nights longer in the northern hemisphere (半球).
____38____ is said in the ancient book is that on Autumn Equinox day the Yin and Yang are in a ____39____ (balance) power. Thus the day and night are of equal length, as are the cold and hot weather."
By Autumn Equinox, most of the areas in China ____40____ (enter) the cool autumn. When the cold air heading south meets the declining warm and wet air, rainfall happens. The temperature also drops ____41____ (frequent).
According to experts, on the Spring Equinox and Autumn Equinox, the day and night are of equal time both in the southern and northern hemispheres. Standing eggs on end, ____42____ traditional Chinese custom, is considered the best on this day.
But once it ____43____ (question) whether standing the egg had anything to do with the time. As is known now，the most important thing is to shift the egg’s center of gravity to the lowest part of the egg. In this way, the trick is holding the egg ____44____ the yolk (蛋黄) sinks as much as possible. For this, you’re better off choosing an egg that's about 4 or 5 days old, _____45_____ yolk is likely to sink down.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假如你是李华，计划本周日和同学去敬老院（nursing home）陪老人们过重阳节（the Double Ninth Festival）。得知外教Lucy对中国传统节日活动感兴趣，请你给她写封邮件，邀请她一同前往，内容包括：
1.周日早上8点学校门口集合，下午5点返回；
2.活动：包饺子、表演节目等。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 邮件格式已给出；
3. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Lucy,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整的短文。
The New York City sun was shining and no amount of air conditioning could help ease the discomfort from the burning heat. The numerous buildings rose tall above the tree lines in Central Park, seeing over the busy streets filled with crowds of workers dressed in gray and black suits, rushing to be on time for work.
Peter, an officer, walked out of his company to get brunch and buy groceries as he always did. He was a young man, dressed in a loose, white T-shirt and basketball shorts. He was wandering about the streets, easing his way through the crowd, listening to his favorite songs through his earphones.
Upon his usual route to his favorite restaurant, his joyful pace came to a stop when he felt a faint smell of smoke carried by the warm wind. He took out his earphones and looked around to see if anyone else was alarmed by the stench (恶臭). The crowd began to slow down as more people stopped at this smell. Fire trucks raced by with their alarms and Peter, along with the people around him, started to become worried. Then he saw thick, black smoke starting to cloud the blue skies. In curiosity, Peter headed in the direction of the smoke to find its source.
His heart was racing as the awful smell of the smoke strengthened. When the clouds of smoke were finally directly above him, Peter saw a huge building in flames, starting to fall down to ashes. When he finally emerged in the front, the big red flames were licking (舔) the sides of the walls and columns of fire shot through the roof.
When he finally was able to shake himself out of a state of shock, he saw a sign that said “Moving Company”. He remembered that morning his brother, Ryann told him and their mother their company was scheduled to deliver a shipment that day. And Ryann was in the building!
“I cannot leave Ryann alone in the building,” thought Peter.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
It was his brother who was calling his name!2022届江苏省扬州市高三上学期9月调研考试英语试题
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At school. B. In a cinema. C. In a bookstore.
2. What are the speakers talking about
A. Their work. B. Weekend plan. C. A street dance contest.
3. What did the woman use the stamps for
A. She mailed some bills. B. She mailed some cards. C. She mailed some letters.
4. How much should the man pay
A. $15. B. $24. C. $30.
5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Teacher and student. B. Father and daughter. C. Classmates.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What museums does the woman like best
A. Art museums.
B. British museums.
C. Natural history museums.
7. How many collections of objects are there in the British Museum
A. 2 million. B. 8 million. C. 10 million.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the weather like now
A. Windy. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy.
9. What will the woman do next
A. Watch a football game. B. Go biking with the man. C. Do some housework.
10. Which team does the man support
A. St. Martins. B. State College. C. State Youth Team.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Who is Jamila most likely to be
A. The man’s customer. B. The man’s wife. C. The man’s boss.
12. Why was the man asked to give the presentation according to the woman
A. He is excellent at his job.
B. He gets on well with Jamila.
C. He is good at public speaking.
13. What does the woman advise the man to do
A. Find out the customers’ likes.
B. Have a talk with Jamila.
C. Ask a friend for help.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What did the man think of the awards
A. They were funny.
B. They were boring.
C. They were fair.
15. Who won an award for the achievement in sports
A. Chris. B. Paul. C. Mary.
16. Why is the man going back to school
A. To receive more awards.
B. To help the younger kids.
C. To attend the school dance.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Who is making the announcement
A. The student government president.
B. The school newspaper writer.
C. The football team captain.
18. How many new teams are added this year
A. Four. B. Three. C. Two.
19. What do the music club members do
A. They organize trips.
B. They attend concerts.
C. They have dancing nights.
20. Why should a student join a campus group
A. To have friends.
B. To make good grades.
C. To keep up with world news.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15个小题；每小题题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Our service is exceptional. Is your pet insurer this good Pet owners have given Bought By Many some of the highest scores in the UK in an independent survey by the Institute of Customer Service.“Excellent service, I highly recommend. The person I spoke to was very helpful, professional and clear, answered all my questions and was very sympathetic to this very worried dog owner! I am delighted with the service.”Annie, Bought By Many customer★★★★★ Feefo ratingJoin the thousands of people who already love our comprehensive pet insurance and award-winning service.Use this link to buy a new policy by 18/10/2020 and get a free pet treat box worth￡19.99Lines open Mon to Fri 09: 00-19: 00 and Sat, 09:00-17:30
1. What is Annie’s attitude towards the service provided by Bought By Many
A. Doubtful. B. Sympathetic. C. Satisfied. D. Disapproving.
2. Who are the target customers of this advertisement
A. People who need to buy pet insurance. B. Employees who work in Bought By Many.
C. Volunteers who make donations to pets. D. Graduates who want to start a pet business.
3. Customers can call 0345 646 0749 at _______.
A. 6:00 p.m. on Saturday B. 10:20 p.m. on Sunday
C. 7:00 a.m. on Thursday D. 11:00 a.m. on Wednesday
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则Bought By Many的宠物保险广告，介绍了价格和联系方式等信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Excellent service, I highly recommend. The person I spoke to was very helpful, professional and clear, answered all my questions and was very sympathetic to this very worried dog owner! I am delighted with the service.(服务很好，我极力推荐。和我交谈的人非常有帮助，专业和清晰，回答了我所有的问题，非常同情这个非常担心的狗主人！我对你们的服务很满意)”可推知，Annie对Bought By Many提供的服务满意。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Pet owners have given Bought By Many some of the highest scores in the UK in an independent survey by the Institute of Customer Service.(在英国客户服务协会进行的一项独立调查中，宠物主人给Bought By Many打了最高分)”结合文章是一则Bought By Many的宠物保险广告，介绍了价格和联系方式等信息。可知，这个广告的目标客户是需要购买宠物保险的人。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中“Lines open Mon to Fri 09: 00-19: 00 and Sat, 09: 00-17:30(热线开放时间为周一至周五9:00 -19:00和周六9:00 -17:30)”可知，顾客可以在周三上午11点致电0345 646 0749，故选D。
B
With fingers and wrists wrapped in medicated tape, Zhang Guimei, founder and principal of the first free high school for girls in China, was presented with the July 1 Medal on Tuesday.
Zhang met her husband in Dali and worked as a teacher in a local school. Unfortunately, her husband died of cancer not long after their marriage. Sadly, Zhang decided to leave this place with which she was too familiar. Hence, she volunteered to teach at a middle school in Huaping, a poverty-stricken county located in the mountains.
Over time, Zhang witnessed the gender gap in education up close in relatively poor rural areas. Urban and rural students already faced unequal access to quality education, and the traditional belief of male superiority only worsened rural girls’ situation. She discovered that many female students would just disappear after studying for a while and some girls were even pulled out of class just before the college entrance exam. The reasons varied: to pay for the younger brother’s tuition, the girl’s parents would have her quit and return home to earn money; the family received engagement gifts...
In 2002 Zhang came up with an idea which, to many, seemed crazy: to found a free high school for girls. Six years later, with help from the Party and the local government and personal donations, she founded the Huaping All-Girls High School. With the goal of never letting a girl fall behind in schooling, Zhang often works overtime despite suffering from several kinds of illnesses. She has walked to almost every household deep in the mountains, talking to the parents about the importance of education for girls.
The efforts paid off. Over the past 13 years, her school has sent 1,800 girls to university. “To educate a girl is to change the destiny of three generations. A cultured, responsible mother won't let her daughter drop out of school,” Zhang said.
4. What probably made Zhang Guimei decide to leave the local school in Dali
A. Her loss of husband. B. Her desire for exploration.
C. Her love for teaching. D. Her eagerness for adventure.
5. What inspired Zhang to found a high school for girls
A. Difficult examinations. B. Gender inequality.
C. Local misunderstanding. D. Teacher resignation.
6. Which of the following words can best describe Zhang Guimei
A. Determined. B. Pessimistic. C. Economical. D. Outspoken.
7. What’s the main idea of the text
A. A free high school for girls was successfully set up.
B. A woman with illnesses faces ups and downs in life.
C. The gender gap in education in rural China is bridged.
D. A woman’s devotion to girls’ education finally paid off.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了中国第一所免费女子高中的创始人兼校长张桂梅被授予“7月1日勋章”，她的手指和手腕上都裹着医用胶带。讲述了张桂梅创立这所学校的经过和她的教学理念。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Unfortunately, her husband died of cancer not long after their marriage. Sadly, Zhang decided to leave this place with which she was too familiar.(不幸的是，她的丈夫在他们结婚后不久就死于癌症。 遗憾的是，张决定离开这个她太熟悉的地方)”可知，张桂梅失去了丈夫，所以决定离开大理当地的学校。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Urban and rural students already faced unequal access to quality education, and the traditional belief of male superiority only worsened rural girls’ situation. She discovered that many female students would just disappear after studying for a while and some girls were even pulled out of class just before the college entrance exam. The reasons varied: to pay for the younger brother’s tuition, the girl’s parents would have her quit and return home to earn money; the family received engagement gifts...(城乡学生在接受优质教育方面本来就不平等，传统的男尊女卑观念只会让农村女孩的处境更加糟糕。她发现，很多女生在学习一段时间后就消失了，一些女生甚至在高考前被赶出课堂。原因多种多样：为了支付弟弟的学费，女孩的父母会让她退学回家挣钱；这家人收到了彩礼……)”可知，是性别不平等促使张创办了女子高中。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“With the goal of never letting a girl fall behind in schooling, Zhang often works overtime despite suffering from several kinds of illnesses. She has walked to almost every household deep in the mountains, talking to the parents about the importance of education for girls.(为了不让一个女孩在学校落后，张经常加班，尽管患有各种疾病。她几乎走遍了深山里的每一个家庭，和他们的父母谈论教育对女孩的重要性)”以及最后一段中“Over the past 13 years, her school has sent 1,800 girls to university.(在过去的13年里，她的学校送了1800名女孩上大学)”可推知，张桂梅是个有决心的人。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“The efforts paid off. Over the past 13 years, her school has sent 1,800 girls to university. “To educate a girl is to change the destiny of three generations. (这些努力得到了回报。在过去的13年里，她的学校送了1800名女孩上大学)”结合主要讲述了中国第一所免费女子高中的创始人兼校长张桂梅被授予“7月1日勋章”，她的手指和手腕上都裹着医用胶带。讲述了张桂梅创立这所学校的经过和她的教学理念。可知，文章主要内容是一个妇女对女孩教育的奉献最终得到了回报。故选D。
C
The rich land of the Nile delta is being eroded along Egypt’s Mediterranean coast at an astonishing rate, in some parts estimated at 100 metres per year. In the past, land washed away from the coastline by the currents of the Mediterranean Sea used to be replaced by sediment brought down to the delta by the River Nile, but this is no longer happening.
Up to now, people have blamed this loss of delta land on the two large Aswan dams in the south of Egypt, which hold back almost all of the sediment that used to flow down the river. Before the dams were built, the Nile flowed freely carrying huge quantities of sediment. But when the Aswan dams were constructed to provide electricity and irrigation, and to protect the huge population centre of Cairo from annual flooding and drought, most of the sediment with its natural fertilizer accumulated up above the dam in the southern upstream half of Lake Nasser, instead of passing down to the delta.
Now, however, there turns out to be more to the story. It appears that the sediment-free water picks up sand as it erodes the river bed and banks on the 800-kilometre trip to Cairo. Daniel Jean Stanley of the Smithsonian Institute noticed that water samples taken in Cairo indicated that the river sometimes carries more than 850 grams of sediment per cubic metre of water — almost half of what it carried before the dams were built.
International environmental organizations are beginning to pay closer attention to the region, partly because of the problems of erosion and pollution of the Nile delta, but mainly because they fear the impact this situation could have on the whole Mediterranean coastal ecosystem.
But there are no easy solutions. In the immediate future, Stanley believes that one solution would be to make artificial floods to flush out the delta waterways, in the same way that natural floods did before the construction of the dams. He says, however, that in the long term an alternative process such as desalination may have to be used to increase the amount of water available.
8. What’s happening to the Nile delta
A. The land is becoming salty. B. The land is being washed away.
C. The sediment is blocked in. D. The sediment is brought down.
9. How does the author develop Paragraphs 2 & 3 when analyzing the reason
A. By quotation. B. By telling a story. C. By comparison. D. By citing an example.
10. What is international environmental organizations’ main concern
A. Rapid erosion. B. Incredible situation. C. Severe pollution. D. Unhealthy ecosystem.
11. What is the author’s attitude towards the solution to the problem
A. Confident. B. Questioning. C. Convinced. D. Responsible.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了沿着埃及地中海沿岸，尼罗河三角洲肥沃的土地正以惊人的速度被侵蚀，有些地区估计每年侵蚀100米。说明了导致这一问题的原因以及解决方案。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“The rich land of the Nile delta is being eroded along Egypt’s Mediterranean coast at an astonishing rate, in some parts estimated at 100 metres per year. (沿着埃及地中海沿岸，尼罗河三角洲肥沃的土地正以惊人的速度被侵蚀，有些地区估计每年侵蚀100米)”可知，尼罗河三角洲的土地正在被冲走。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Up to now, people have blamed this loss of delta land on the two large Aswan dams in the south of Egypt, which hold back almost all of the sediment that used to flow down the river. Before the dams were built, the Nile flowed freely carrying huge quantities of sediment. But when the Aswan dams were constructed to provide electricity and irrigation, and to protect the huge population centre of Cairo from annual flooding and drought, most of the sediment with its natural fertilizer accumulated up above the dam in the southern upstream half of Lake Nasser, instead of passing down to the delta.(到目前为止，人们把三角洲土地的损失归咎于埃及南部的两个大型阿斯旺水坝，这两个水坝几乎挡住了过去流经河流的所有泥沙。在大坝建成之前，尼罗河自由流动，携带大量的泥沙。但是，当阿斯旺大坝建成后，为了提供电力和灌溉，并保护开罗这个巨大的人口中心不受每年洪水和干旱的影响，大部分沉积物连同其天然肥料都积聚在纳赛尔湖南部上游的大坝上面，而不是流向三角洲)”以及第三段“Now, however, there turns out to be more to the story. It appears that the sediment-free water picks up sand as it erodes the river bed and banks on the 800-kilometre trip to Cairo. Daniel Jean Stanley of the Smithsonian Institute noticed that water samples taken in Cairo indicated that the river sometimes carries more than 850 grams of sediment per cubic metre of water — almost half of what it carried before the dams were built.(然而，现在的情况并非如此。看起来，在前往开罗的800公里行程中，没有沉积物的水在侵蚀河床和河岸的过程中带走了沙子。史密森学会的丹尼尔·简·斯坦利注意到，在开罗采集的水样显示，有时每立方米河水携带的泥沙超过850克，几乎是大坝修建前的一半)”可推知，在分析原因时，作者通过对比来展开第2、3段。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“International environmental organizations are beginning to pay closer attention to the region, partly because of the problems of erosion and pollution of the Nile delta, but mainly because they fear the impact this situation could have on the whole Mediterranean coastal ecosystem.(国际环境组织开始更密切地关注该地区，部分原因是尼罗河三角洲的侵蚀和污染问题，但主要是因为他们担心这种情况可能对整个地中海沿岸生态系统造成影响)”可知，国际环保组织最关心的是不健康的生态系统。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But there are no easy solutions.(但没有简单的解决办法)”可推知，作者对解决问题持质疑态度，故选B。
D
A new study, published in Psychological Science, finds that people who think they can learn from their mistakes have a different brain reaction to mistakes than people who think intelligence is fixed.
“One big difference between people who think intelligence is malleable and those who think intelligence is fixed is how they respond to mistakes,” says Jason S. Moser, of Michigan State University. Studies have found that people who think intelligence is malleable say things like, “When the going gets tough, I put in more effort.” or “If I make a mistake, I try to learn and figure it out.” On the other hand, people who think that they can't get smarter will not take opportunities to learn from their mistakes.
For this study, Moser and his colleagues gave participants a task that was easy to make a mistake on. They were supposed to identify the middle letter of a five-letter series like “MMMMM”, “MMNMM” or “NNMNN”. Sometimes the middle letter was the same as the other four, and sometimes it was different.
While doing the task, the participants wear a cap on his or her head that records electrical activity in the brain. When someone makes a mistake, their brain makes two quick signals: an initial response that indicates something has gone wrong—the “Oh, crap” response, as Moser calls it—and a follow-up signal that indicates an attempt to correct the mistake.
A bigger second signal was displayed in the participants who were better able to recover from making a mistake—that is, those who believed that they could learn from such a mistake—than in the participants who had negative feelings about a mistake and believed that their failure was due to their own shortcomings.
“This research might help us understand why exactly the two types of individuals show different behaviors after mistakes and could help in training people to believe that they can work harder and learn more, by showing how their brain is reacting to mistakes,” Moser says.
12. What does the underlined word “malleable” mean in the second paragraph
A. Unchanged. B. Flexible.
C. Unimportant. D. Difficult.
13. If a student thinks her intelligence is fixed, what will she say
A. “It’s not worth bothering to try harder.”
B. “Come on, though I’ve failed this time.”
C. “I want to know why I failed this exam.”
D. “I do like the feelings the failure brings.”
14. What is the significance of the research findings
A. To advise people to respond to mistakes.
B. To inspire people to learn from mistakes.
C. To promote people's blame on themselves.
D. To indicate people’s difference in behavior.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. Oh, crap! B. Waste of effort!
C. What a pity! D. Never give up!
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。发表在《心理科学》(Psychological Science)杂志上的一项新研究发现，那些认为自己可以从错误中学习的人，他们的大脑对错误的反应与那些认为智商是固定不变的人不同。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段“‘One big difference between people who think intelligence is malleable and those who think intelligence is fixed is how they respond to mistakes,’ says Jason S. Moser, of Michigan State University.”（密歇根州立大学(Michigan State University)的杰森·s·莫泽(Jason S. Moser)说:“认为智力是malleable和认为智力是固定不变的人之间的一个重大区别在于他们如何应对错误。”）可知，后面的人们认为智力是固定的，前面是认为智力是灵活的，他们应对错误时表现出不同的行为。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“On the other hand, people who think that they can't get smarter will not take opportunities to learn from their mistakes.”（另一方面，那些认为自己不能变得更聪明的人不会抓住机会从错误中学习。）可知，如果一个学生认为她的智力是固定的，她 会说：“不值得再努力了。”故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘This research might help us understand why exactly the two types of individuals show different behaviors after mistakes and could help in training people to believe that they can work harder and learn more, by showing how their brain is reacting to mistakes,’ Moser says.（莫泽说:“这项研究可能会帮助我们理解为什么这两种人在犯错后表现出不同的行为，并通过展示他们的大脑如何对错误做出反应，有助于训练人们相信他们可以更努力地工作，学习得更多。”）可知，研究结果的意义是为了激励人们从错误中学习。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“‘This research might help us understand why exactly the two types of individuals show different behaviors after mistakes and could help in training people to believe that they can work harder and learn more, by showing how their brain is reacting to mistakes,’ Moser says.（莫泽说:“这项研究可能会帮助我们理解为什么这两种人在犯错后表现出不同的行为，并通过展示他们的大脑如何对错误做出反应，有助于训练人们相信他们可以更努力地工作，学习得更多。”）可知，通过了解人们对犯错后的行为训练人们相信努力不会白费。最佳标题是Never give up!永不放弃!故选D。
【点睛】
第二节（共5小题; 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When it comes to hobbies and career, all of us have our own stories. As a little girl, my favorite thing to do was read — same as today. So I figured I’d be a librarian when I grew up. ___16___ The library had a two-book limit, but she knew I’d blow through those in just a few days, so she always let me check out a big stack.
Time passed quickly and I was in fourth grade. Our school librarian, Mrs. Ketelsen, sent some poems I’d written about dinosaurs to Highlights magazine. ___17___
At the University, though majoring in journalism, I quickly learned that I did not want to be a newspaper reporter. ___18___ It amuses almost everyone who knows me and thinks I’m outgoing. (I am, but only with people I know!) So I was thrilled when I was selected for a summer internship at Reader’s Digest.
Ten years after that, I came back to RD to work as an editor. ___19___ I’ve worked at other magazines too, but I’ve spent most of my career here, reading magazines, newspapers, websites, and books for stories we could condense (简缩); writing articles; even choosing jokes.
___20___ “The Tractor War” takes me home to the Midwest. “Something to Sneeze At” reminds me of all the sneezing I did when I moved to New York City and was suddenly allergic to grasses and trees... I relate to lots of our stories this month, and I hope you do too. Enjoy!
A. It was a long road home.
B. I lost my interest in it soon.
C. My first published writing!
D. I’m shy about interviewing people.
E. My dream of becoming a librarian encouraged me.
F. The stories in this issue seem to introduce myself to you.
G. Our town librarian, Mrs. Tonne, was really important to me becoming me.
【答案】16. G 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. F
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的职业生涯。
【16题详解】
根据上文“When it comes to hobbies and career, all of us have our own stories. As a little girl, my favorite thing to do was read — same as today. So I figured I’d be a librarian when I grew up.(说到爱好和职业，我们每个人都有自己的故事。当我还是个小女孩的时候，我最喜欢做的事情就是读书——今天也是。所以我想我长大后会成为一名图书管理员)”以及后文“The library had a two-book limit, but she knew I’d blow through those in just a few days, so she always let me check out a big stack.(图书馆有两本书的限制，但她知道我几天就能看完，所以她总是让我借一大堆书)”可知，后文提到了某人知道作者的阅读习惯，G选项中Mrs. Tonne对应后文she。故G选项“我们镇上的图书管理员，Tonne夫人，对我成为现在的我真的很重要”符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Time passed quickly and I was in fourth grade. Our school librarian, Mrs. Ketelsen, sent some poems I’d written about dinosaurs to Highlights magazine.(时间过得很快，我上了四年级。我们学校的图书管理员Ketelsen夫人把我写的一些关于恐龙的诗寄给了《亮点》杂志)”可知，上文提到图书管理员把作者的诗寄给了杂志，可知本句是在说明结果：第一次出版了作品。故C选项“我第一次出版的作品！”符合语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
根据上文“At the University, though majoring in journalism, I quickly learned that I did not want to be a newspaper reporter.(在大学里，虽然我的专业是新闻，但我很快意识到我并不想成为一名新闻记者)”以及后文“It amuses almost everyone who knows me and thinks I’m outgoing. (I am, but only with people I know!) So I was thrilled when I was selected for a summer internship at Reader’s Digest.(几乎所有认识我并且认为我很外向的人都觉得很有趣。（是的，但只和我认识的人在一起的时候！）所以当我被选为《读者文摘》的暑期实习生时，我非常激动)”可知，后文提到作者只有和认识的人在一起才很外向，可见作者对采访他人很害羞。故D选项“我对采访很害羞”符合语境，故选D。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Ten years after that, I came back to RD to work as an editor.(10年后，我回到了《读者文摘》，做编辑)”以及后文“I’ve worked at other magazines too, but I’ve spent most of my career here, reading magazines, newspapers, websites, and books for stories we could condense; writing articles; even choosing jokes.(我也在其他杂志工作过，但我职业生涯的大部分时间都花在这里，阅读杂志、报纸、网站和书籍，寻找我们可以简缩的故事、写文章，即使选择的笑话)”可知，作者十年后再次回到了曾经实习过的《读者文摘》做编辑，可推测回去的路很漫长。故A选项“回家的路很长”符合语境，故选A。
【20题详解】
根据后文““The Tractor War” takes me home to the Midwest. “Something to Sneeze At” reminds me of all the sneezing I did when I moved to New York City and was suddenly allergic to grasses and trees... I relate to lots of our stories this month, and I hope you do too. Enjoy!(《拖拉机战争》把我带回了中西部的家。《打喷嚏的东西》让我想起我搬到纽约时的所有打喷嚏，突然对草和树过敏…… 这个月我讲了很多我们的故事，我希望你也一样。享受吧！)”可知，后文列举的故事让作者想起了自己的经历，故F选项“这一期的故事似乎介绍了我自己”符合语境，故选F。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One bitterly cold morning a few years back, I walked into the bathroom and turned on the water to brush my teeth. No water. In a ___21___, I turned to the kitchen hoping for better. No. My next step was to call my city ___22___ department. The voice that answered was that of someone who’d already answered the phone too many times that ___23___. I learned that my waterline was ___24___. Only one company could solve the problem, and it was booked ___25___ two days.
Two days later, after I got the all-clear, the guy at the water department told me, “___26___ you want to go through that again, open a tap and let a pencil lead stream of water ___27___ for the rest of the winter.”
For the next six weeks, the endless stream became an upsetting ___28___ of everything I didn’t know. I really had no ___29___ where our water came from. Or how my phone call to the water department had ___30___ to the water department. As I ___31___ out of the window, I further realized I knew nothing about the concrete sidewalk leading to our door, the lawn beneath the ___32___ fallen snow, the squirrels in the trees ... nothing. And these were just the things I could see through one small window. I had read a number of books about ___33___ across Antarctica, down the Amazon River, and up Mount Everest; I’d written books about 50,000-year-old wood buried in the ___34___ of New Zealand and the violin makers of Cremona, Italy — ___35___ I knew nothing about the world right outside my front door.
21 A. fog B. rain C. dusk D. purity
22. A. wind B. water C. food D. tooth
23. A. morning B. noon C. afternoon D. evening
24. A. mended B. frozen C. delivered D. equipped
25. A. in B. after C. for D. at
26. A. When B. While C. If D. Unless
27. A. block B. save C. run D. substitute
28. A. saint B. hunter C. settler D. reminder
29. A. idea B. chance C. ability D. right
30. A. come by B. got through C. turned up D. put out
31. A. came B. flew C. stared D. ran
32. A. randomly B. readily C. thoroughly D. freshly
33. A. surfing B. submitting C. journeying D. praying
34. A. warehouses B. wetlands C. rays D. air
35. A. but B. and C. because D. therefore
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. C 33. C 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文中作者通过几年前的一个寒冷的早晨，家里的水被冻住，意识到自己对身边的很多事物都一无所知。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我迷茫地转向厨房，希望情况好转。A. fog雾；B. rain下雨；C. dusk黄昏；D. purity纯净。此处为短语in a fog表示“困惑地”，作者并不知道发生了什么事情导致没有水。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的下一步是打电话给我的城市水利部。A. wind风；B. water水；C. food食物；D. tooth牙齿。呼应后文“the guy at the water department”作者给水利部打电话。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：接电话的那个人在那天早上已经接了很多次电话。A. morning早上；B. noon中午；C. afternoon下午；D. evening晚上。呼应上文“One bitterly cold morning a few years back”作者是早上打的电话。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我得知我的吃水线被冻住了。A. mended修理；B. frozen冻住；C. delivered递送；D. equipped配备。根据上文“One bitterly cold morning a few years back”可知吃水线被冻住了。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：只有一家公司可以解决这个问题，并且预定到两天之后去了。A. in在；B. after在……之后；C. for为了；D. at在（表示存在或出现的地点、场所、位置、空间）。根据后文“Two days later”可知，预定到未来两天之后了，应用in。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查连接词词义辨析。句意：水务部门的人告诉我：“除非你想再经历一次那样的事，否则就打开水龙头，让水流一整个冬天。”A. When当……时候；B. While在……期间；C. If如果；D. Unless除非。引导条件状语从句，表示“除非”应用unless。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：水务部门的人告诉我：“除非你想再经历一次那样的事，否则就打开水龙头，让水流一整个冬天。”A. block阻塞；B. save拯救；C. run流淌；D. substitute替代。根据上文“let a pencil lead stream of water”可知指让水流淌一个冬天，故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的六个星期里，这条无尽的水流让我想起了我所不知道的一切。A. saint圣徒；B. hunter猎人；C. settler移居者；D. reminder提醒物。根据后文“of everything I didn’t know”可知水流作为一种提醒物，提醒着作者一切不知道的事情。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我真的不知道我们的水是从哪里来的。A. idea想法；B. chance机会；C. ability能力；D. right权利。根据后文“where our water came from”表示不知道水从哪里来，have no idea“不知道”。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：或者我打给水务部门的电话是如何被接通的。A. come by获得；B. got through接通；C. turned up出现；D. put out熄灭。根据上文“Or how my phone call to the water department had”指接通电话，应用get through。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我凝视窗外时，我进一步意识到，我对通往我们家门口的水泥人行道、刚下的雪下的草坪、树上的松鼠……一无所知。A. came来到；B. flew飞翔；C. stared凝视；D. ran奔跑。根据后文“out of the window”可知指凝视窗外，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我凝视窗外时，我进一步意识到，我对通往我们家门口的水泥人行道、积雪完全覆盖下的草坪、树上的松鼠……一无所知。A. randomly随便地；B. readily迅速地；C. thoroughly完全地；D. freshly新近。根据后文“fallen snow”可知此处指积雪完全覆盖下的草坪，应用thoroughly。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我读过许多关于穿越南极洲、亚马孙河下游和攀登珠穆朗玛峰的书；我写过关于埋在新西兰湿地里的5万年前的木头和意大利克雷莫纳的小提琴制作者的书，但我对我的大门外的世界一无所知。A. surfing冲浪；B. submitting提交；C. journeying旅行；D. praying祈祷。根据后文“across Antarctica, down the Amazon River, and up Mount Everest”可知此处指穿越南极洲、亚马孙河下游和攀登珠穆朗玛峰的旅行的书。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我读过许多关于穿越南极洲、亚马孙河下游和攀登珠穆朗玛峰的书；我写过关于埋在新西兰湿地里的5万年前的木头和意大利克雷莫纳的小提琴制作者的书，但我对我的大门外的世界一无所知。A. warehouses仓库；B. wetlands湿地；C. rays光线；D. air空气。根据上文“about 50,000-year-old wood buried in the”可知此处指埋在新西兰湿地里的5万年前的木头。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我读过许多关于穿越南极洲、亚马孙河下游和攀登珠穆朗玛峰的书；我写过关于埋在新西兰湿地里的5万年前的木头和意大利克雷莫纳的小提琴制作者的书，但我对我的大门外的世界一无所知。A. but但是；B. and并且；C. because因为；D. therefore因此。根据前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用连词but。故选A。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分， 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Autumn Equinox (秋分) lies at the midpoint of autumn, ____36____ (divide) autumn into two equal parts. After that day, the location of direct sunlight moves to the south, making days ____37____ (short) and nights longer in the northern hemisphere (半球).
____38____ is said in the ancient book is that on Autumn Equinox day the Yin and Yang are in a ____39____ (balance) power. Thus the day and night are of equal length, as are the cold and hot weather."
By Autumn Equinox, most of the areas in China ____40____ (enter) the cool autumn. When the cold air heading south meets the declining warm and wet air, rainfall happens. The temperature also drops ____41____ (frequent).
According to experts, on the Spring Equinox and Autumn Equinox, the day and night are of equal time both in the southern and northern hemispheres. Standing eggs on end, ____42____ traditional Chinese custom, is considered the best on this day.
But once it ____43____ (question) whether standing the egg had anything to do with the time. As is known now，the most important thing is to shift the egg’s center of gravity to the lowest part of the egg. In this way, the trick is holding the egg ____44____ the yolk (蛋黄) sinks as much as possible. For this, you’re better off choosing an egg that's about 4 or 5 days old, _____45_____ yolk is likely to sink down.
【答案】36. dividing
37. shorter
38. What 39. balanced
40. have entered
41. frequently
42. a 43. was questioned
44. until 45. whose
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了秋分代表的意义及秋分的一些习俗。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：秋分位于秋天的中点，把秋天分成相等的两部分。分析句子成分和句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词lies，无连词，可推断这是一个简单句，所以设空处是非谓语动词；divide与逻辑主语Autumn Equinox之间是主动关系，表示主动要用现在分词。故填dividing。
【37题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：在这一天之后，阳光直射的位置移向南方，使得北半球的白天变短，夜晚变长。根据句中的并列连词and及后面的longer可知，设空处要填比较级。故填shorter。
【38题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：古书中说，秋分这天，阴阳处于平衡状态。分析句子成分和句子结构可知，___3___ is said in the ancient book充当系动词is的主语，所以这是一个主语从句；分析主语从句句子成分可知，从句缺少主语，所以要用疑问代词；根据句意可知，设空处指代“古书中说的内容”，所以要用what。故填What。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：古书中说，秋分这天，阴阳处于平衡状态。设空处位于名词power前面充当定语，与被修饰名词power之间是被动关系，所以要用过去分词形式。故填balanced。
【40题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：到了秋分，中国大部分地区都进入了凉爽秋天。根据时间状语by+现在的时间点可知，句子要用现在完成时；句子主语most of the areas为复数，所以助动词用have。故填have entered。
41题详解】
考查副词作状语。句意：气温也经常下降。设空处修饰动词drops，所以要用副词形式。故填frequently。
【42题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：将鸡蛋竖着，这是中国的传统习俗，在这一天做被认为是最好的。custom为可数名词单数形式，所以前面要有限定词；此处没有特指，且traditional为辅音音节发音的单词，所以要用不定冠词a。故填a。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态及语态。句意：但曾经有人质疑，把蛋竖起来和时间有什么关系。分析句子成分和结构可知，句中的whether引导主语从句，it是形式主语；根据once可知，此处描述的是过去的事件，所以要用一般过去时；主语it与question之间是被动关系，所以要有一般过去时的被动语态。故填was questioned。
【44题详解】
考查时间状语从句。句意：用这种方法，诀窍就是把鸡蛋拿着，直到蛋黄尽可能地下沉。根据句意可知，设空处意为“直到……为止”，应用until引导时间状语从句。故填until。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：为此，你最好选择大约4或5天的鸡蛋，这种蛋的蛋黄很可能下沉。此处是非限制性定语从句；分析定语从句句子成分可知，设空处代替先行词egg，充当定语，所以要用whose。故填whose。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假如你是李华，计划本周日和同学去敬老院（nursing home）陪老人们过重阳节（the Double Ninth Festival）。得知外教Lucy对中国传统节日活动感兴趣，请你给她写封邮件，邀请她一同前往，内容包括：
1.周日早上8点学校门口集合，下午5点返回；
2.活动：包饺子、表演节目等。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 邮件格式已给出；
3. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Lucy,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Lucy,
Knowing that you are interested in Chinese traditional festivals, I’m writing to invite you to take part in such an activity. My classmates and I intend to go to the Nursing Home on the Double Ninth Festival.
Firstly, we will gather at the school gate at 8 a.m. on the morning of this Sunday. Please come on time. Besides, when we get there, there are many wonderful performances prepared for the elderly, such as singing, dancing and so on. After that, we will make Jiaozi together with the elderly. I’m sure that the elderly will be very happy. Lastly, we should be back at 5 p.m. by bus. It will be bound to leave you an unforgettable impression.
I wonder if you are available at that time. Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外教Lucy写封邮件，邀请她一同前往敬老院陪老人们过重阳节。
【详解】1.词汇积累
感兴趣：take an interest in→be interested in
参加：join in→take part in
打算：plan to→intend to
此外：in addition=besides
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Besides when we get there, there are many wonderful performances prepared for the elderly, such as singing, dancing and so on. After that, we will make Jiaozi together with the elderly.
拓展句：Besides, when we get there, there are many wonderful performances prepared for the elderly, such as singing, dancing and so on, after which we will make Jiaozi together with the elderly.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Knowing that you are interested in Chinese traditional festivals, I’m writing to invite you to take part in such an activity. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] I wonder if you are available at that time. (运用了if引导宾语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整的短文。
The New York City sun was shining and no amount of air conditioning could help ease the discomfort from the burning heat. The numerous buildings rose tall above the tree lines in Central Park, seeing over the busy streets filled with crowds of workers dressed in gray and black suits, rushing to be on time for work.
Peter, an officer, walked out of his company to get brunch and buy groceries as he always did. He was a young man, dressed in a loose, white T-shirt and basketball shorts. He was wandering about the streets, easing his way through the crowd, listening to his favorite songs through his earphones.
Upon his usual route to his favorite restaurant, his joyful pace came to a stop when he felt a faint smell of smoke carried by the warm wind. He took out his earphones and looked around to see if anyone else was alarmed by the stench (恶臭). The crowd began to slow down as more people stopped at this smell. Fire trucks raced by with their alarms and Peter, along with the people around him, started to become worried. Then he saw thick, black smoke starting to cloud the blue skies. In curiosity, Peter headed in the direction of the smoke to find its source.
His heart was racing as the awful smell of the smoke strengthened. When the clouds of smoke were finally directly above him, Peter saw a huge building in flames, starting to fall down to ashes. When he finally emerged in the front, the big red flames were licking (舔) the sides of the walls and columns of fire shot through the roof.
When he finally was able to shake himself out of a state of shock, he saw a sign that said “Moving Company”. He remembered that morning his brother, Ryann told him and their mother their company was scheduled to deliver a shipment that day. And Ryann was in the building!
“I cannot leave Ryann alone in the building,” thought Peter.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
It was his brother who was calling his name!
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 “I cannot leave Ryann alone in the building,” thought Peter. He was so worried about his brother that he wanted to rush into the building. However, when Peter came close to the building, a fireman who was putting out the fire stopped him and said to Peter, “What are you doing, sir It’s too dangerous. Please stay away from the building.” Pete answered anxiously, “My brother is in the building and I have to go there to rescue him from the burning building.” Meanwhile, he still wanted to dash into the building. The fireman held Peter’s arm strongly in case he went there. Peter was crying loudly so that many people were staring at him when he heard someone was calling his name.
It was his brother who was calling his name! His brother was behind him in the crowd. He couldn’t believe his eyes and he said to the fireman,”Look, may brother is still alive. He isn’t in the building.” At the same time, he struggled to free himself from the fireman and ran quickly to his brother. “Are you hurt ” he asked his brother very excitedly and looked at the whole body of his brother. “No, I’m fine. We ran out of the building as soon as it started burning. Everyone is all right.” his brother replied.
【解析】
【分析】本文以事情发展的顺序为线索展开，讲述了Peter像往常一样走出办公室买早午餐和吃的，但是在去餐馆的路上闻到了恶臭的烟味。周围的人也都闻到这股味道。然后Peter跟着烟味发现是一座大楼正在燃烧。他突然在那看见“搬家公司”的标志。他想起他的哥哥Ryann在早上告诉他和他的妈妈，他的公司要在今天运货。他认为他的哥哥在大楼里。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我不能让Ryann在这个大楼里不管他。”可知，第一段可描写Peter认为他哥哥在大楼里他要进大楼里去救他的哥哥。
②由第二段首句内容“是他的哥哥在叫他的名字”可知，第二段可描写Peter哥哥仍然活着。
2.续写线索：出去买饭——发现大楼着火——认为哥哥在大楼里面——要进大楼救哥哥——哥哥没在大楼里，哥哥仍然活着
3.词汇激活
行为类
①冲过去：rush into/dash into /run quickly to
②回答：answer/reply
情绪类
①忧虑地：anxiously/restlessly
②激动地：excitedly/with excitement
【点睛】[高分句型1]. However, when Peter came close to the building, a fireman who was putting out the fire stopped him and said to Peter, “What are you doing, sir It’s too dangerous. Please stay away from the building.”（由when引导的状语从句和who引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2].Peter was crying loudly so that many people were staring at him when he heard someone was calling his name.（运用了so that引导的状语从句）
[高分句型3].We ran out of the building as soon as it started burning.（运用了as soon as引导的状语从句）
