(共39张PPT)
1. 找出；查明；弄清楚 ；
2. 骑自行车上学 ；
3. 关闭 ；
4. 请求；要求 ；
5. 处理 ；
6. 把……分类…… ；
7. 扔掉；丢弃 ；
8. 对……有害 ；
find out
ride a bike to school
turn off
ask for
do with
divide...into...
throw away
be harmful to
9. 尽可能…… ；
10. 如果可能 ；
11. 最好做某事 ；
12. 把……变成…… ；
13. 许多；很多 ；
14. 希望 ；
15. 采取措施 ；
16. 以便；为了；目的是 ；
17. 起草 。
as...as possible
if possible
It is better to do sth.
change...into...
tons of
hope for
take steps
so that
draw up
Reuse means “use again”.
Though pollution is heavy now, I don’t think
it’s hopeless.
将两个或两个以上独立且语义不同的单词合在一起构成新词的方法称作合成法。
合成名词 afternoon, sportsman, blackboard, newspaper, airplane, classmate…
合成形容词 kind-hearted, middle-aged, hard-working…
合成副词 however, maybe…
合成代词 himself, everyone, nothing…
合成动词 overlook…
通过在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个新词的方法称作派生法。
前缀 含义 例词
dis- 不 disagree, dislike
en- 使……处在某种状态 enable, enrich
im-, in- 不 impossible, impatient, inexpensive
inter- 在……之间 international, interconnect
mis- 错误的 mislead, misunderstand
non- 不，非 non-smoker, non-native
re- 再，重复 rewrite, retell
un- 不 unable, unhappy, unpopular
后缀 含义 例词
-er, -or 构成名词 teacher, worker, visitor
-ian musician
-ing building, painting, shopping
-ist artist, scientist
-ment agreement, government
-ness coldness, happiness, illness
-th truth, warmth
-tion competition, education, information
-ty activity, safety
后缀 含义 例词
-able, -ible 构成形容词 comfortable, eatable, enjoyable
-al environmental, international
-ful careful, helpful
-ive active, expensive
-less careless, helpless, homeless
-ly friendly, lovely, monthly
-ous dangerous, famous
-teen 构成数词 eighteen, fifteen, seventeen
-th fifteenth, fifth, fortieth
-ty forty, sixty, twenty
-ly 构成副词 badly, carefully, happily
词根
词缀
名词
形容词
副词
+
…
interest
uninterested
interestingly
uninteresting
interested
interesting
help
helpfully
helplessly
helpful
helpless
able
disable
unable
enable
ability
英语构词法中把一种词性转化为另一种词性而词形不变的方法称为转化法。
(1) v. → n.
— Let’s talk about it more.
— I think we’d better finish the talk now.
— 咱们再谈谈这件事吧。
— 我想我们最好现在结束谈话。
(2) n. → v.
— She gave me a cup of water.
— You should water the flowers twice a day.
— 她给了我一杯水。
— 你应该每天给这些花浇两次水。
(3) adj. → n.
— She was wearing a black dress.
— The girl in black looks very beautiful.
— 她穿着一条黑色的裙子。
—那个穿黑衣服的女孩看上去很漂亮。
Sometimes if you know the meaning of the parts of a word, you can work out the meaning of the whole word.
re + new + able: re = again,
able = can be
renewable = can be new again
1 Make new words. Join the parts of the
words in Box A with the words in Box B.
you need to use some of the parts more
than once.
-able
-ful
im-
-less
re-
un-
care
collect
hope
possible
use
usual
wanted
waste
A
B
careful careless
collectable
hopeful hopeless
impossible
reuse usable useful useless
unwanted
wasteful
unusual
Now work in groups. Play the guessing game English for Fun.
1. full of care_________
2. can be collected_________
3. full of hope_________
4. without any hope_______
5. not possible _________
6. not usual __________
7. without any use _______
8. use again __________
9. not wanted _________
10. making a lot of waste
___________
careful
collectable
hopeful
hopeless
impossible
unusual
useless
reuse
unwanted
wasteful
2 Complete the sentences with the words in the box.
hopeful impossible reuse unhealthy wasteful
1. Polluted water is _________.
2. It is _________ to throw so much food away.
3. If you look after things well, you may _______ some of them later.
4. It is _________ to clean up the whole river in such a short time.
5. If we pay attention to pollution now, the future will be _________.
unhealthy
wasteful
reuse
impossible
hopeful
【知识点1】clean up意为“把……打扫干净”，指对某物进行整理或打扫，使其变得更加干净。该短语是“动词+副词”构成的短语。如果它的宾语是代词要放在“动词+副词”中间，如果它的宾语是名词既可以放在“动词+副词”的中间也可以放在动词和副词的后面。
My mother is cleaning up the kitchen now.
我们现在正在打扫厨房。
【拓展】up表示“结束，完了”的有关短语：eat up吃光；burn up烧光；use up用光。
We’d better the classroom before our class begins.
A. clean up B. eat up C. burn up D. use up
A
【知识点2】pay attention to意为“注意，重视”，to在此处是介词，后接名词、代词、动名词或从句作宾语。attention是一个抽象名词，没有复数形式。如：
Pay attention to listening, don’t make noise. 注意听，别出声。
You should give your full attention to what you are doing.
你应该全神贯注地做你所做的事情。
【拓展】常见以介词to结尾后接动名词的词组有：look forward to盼望，期待；thanks to多亏了；由于；prefer...to...喜欢……胜过喜欢……；be/get/become used to习惯于；put one’s mind to全神贯注于；give one’s life to献身于。
When you visit a museum you should the instructions and don’t be against them.
A. compare with B. look forward to
C. pay attention to D. try out
C
3 Complete the table.
Noun Verb Adjective Adverb
useful/ useless
hope hopefully/ hopelessly
pollution
——
water —— ——
waste
—— ——— usually/ unusually
use
use
usefully/ uselessly
hope
hopeful/ hopeless
pollute
polluted/ unpolluted
water
waste
wasteful/ wasted
wastefully
usual/ unusual
4 Complete the sentences with the correct form
of the words in Activity 3.
She was _______ that her new job would make her more successful.
hopeful
1. The factory ________ the river, and the fish died.
2. We often walk in the countryside. It is a(n) _______ activity for us.
3. Do not use so much water. It is very ________.
4. To keep the flowers growing, you need to _______ them once a day.
polluted
usual
wasteful
water
5 Complete the sentences.
A ________ is a box that you keep your lunch in.
lunchbox
1. A __________ is a card that you write on one side of and send to someone by post.
2. A __________ is a room where you have classes at school.
3. A __________ is a book that has one or more stories for children.
4. A __________ is a black board that is used at school for writing on with chalk.
postcard
classroom
storybook
blackboard
6 Work in pairs. Look at the pictures and answer
the questions.
1. What kind of things can be recycled
2. How can these things be used
3. How does this help the environment
4. Have you ever recycled or used things
that can be recycled How
Cloth, paper, cans, plastic, glass, etc.
Recycled paper can be used for notebooks, tickets or writing paper.
It helps save a lot of resources and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Yes. I recycled aluminum cans and paper by selling them to the recycled factory.
Mike: I hear you are off to the Caribbean for a
holiday! Lucky you! But aren’t you (1)
_____________ the pollution that such long
plane journeys may cause for the
environment
Ken: I know, but what can I do about it I already
try my best to protect the environment. I
recycle. I don’t (2) ___________ things if I
don’t want them any more. I (3)__________
the lights when I leave a room. Don’t tell me I
shouldn’t travel by plane any more!
worried about
throw away
turn off
7 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the
expressions in the box.
be good for throw away turn off worry about
【知识点3】be off意为“离开”，常与介词to连用，be off to...意为“动身去……”，相当于“leave for...”。如：
I am off to school 我动身去上学。
He will be off to Beijing soon. 他很快就要动身去北京。
He will be Beijing soon.
A. of to B. of for C. off to D. off for
C
【知识点2】try one’s best to do sth. 意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”，相当于do one’s best to do sth.。如：
I tried my best to pass the exam. 我尽最大努力通过考试。
I will try my best to make you happy.
我尽最大努力使得你快乐。
Try your best all the new words.
A. remember B. remembers
C. to remember D. remember
C
Mike: No, of course not. But we can do more
to protect the environment. For
example, we can help keep the air clean
by planting trees. Trees (4) _________
the environment. In this way, we can
reduce the harm of pollution.
Ken: Good! So I can enjoy my holiday, and
when I come back, I’ll plant some trees!
Mike: That’s the idea! Maybe we can all join
in and start a small forest!
are good for
be good for throw away turn off worry about
1. It is OK to throw used things away. Looking after them takes a lot of time.
2. Do not throw away things made of glass, plastic and paper, but recycle them when possible.
3. Take a bag when you go shopping.
4. Producing electricity and using oil will not cause pollution.
5. Turn off lights when you do not need them.
6. Ride a bike or walk, and do not often drive your car.
8 Listen and check (√) the true sentences.
√
√
√
√
×
×
Advice Reasons
1. Don’t throw away things made of ____________________, but_______ them. Throwing things away is wasteful.
2. ______ your plastic bags when you can and __________ with you when you go shopping. Plastic bags ____________ recycle.
3. Use less electricity and oil to _______________.
4. Don’t leave lights on and ____________.
5. _____________ and do not often drive your car. Producing electricity and using oil may cause _______________.
glass, plastic and paper
recycle
Reuse
take a bag
are hard to
reduce pollution
waste electricity
Walk or cycle
pollution
9 Listen again and complete the table.
Earth Hour is held toward the end of March each year. During Earth Hour, people all across the world switch off the lights they do not need. They do this to show their awareness of climate change.
The first Earth Hour was held in 1977 in Sydney, where more than 2.2 million people switched off their lights. Today, more and more cities are taking part in the event, such as Beijing, London, Rome and New York, and landmarks like the Empire State Building and the Golden Gate Bridge will go dark.
Earth Hour
Module task:
Discussing what you can do about pollution
10 Work in groups. Decide what kind of pollution
you want to talk about.
● Choose a subject that you care about the most.
It could be water pollution, air pollution, etc.
● Find out more information about your subject.
Look it up on a website or in a book.
11 Discuss your subject.
● Take turns to say what you think about the
problem and what can be done.
● Listen to what others say. If you agree with
what they have said, say “I agree”, “That’s
true” or “That’s a good point”; if you do not
agree with what someone says, say “I’m
sorry, but I don’t agree. I think that…”
12 Present your group’s ideas to the whole class.
Possible answer
Yes, I agree with you that air pollution is one of the most serious problems. A great deal of energy is needed to run the factories of modern industrial nations. Automobile, trains, planes and busses need energy, too. Nearly all of this energy is produced by burning fuels. The burning produces wastes, some of which remain in the air, causing air pollution.
Scientists are finding ways to stop air pollution especially in big industrial areas and densely-populated cities. They are studying new ways of generating electricity that may be less damaging to the environment. At the same time, many power plants are being modernized to give off less polluted material. Also, engineers try to design and locate new power plants to do minimum damage to the environment.
However, it may be that we still have a long way to go before we have a "clean" world. Nearly all of the countries are trying hard to prevent and control air pollution. There indeed
seems to be no end to tasks that environmentalists will be required to do. People will continually find new ways to control pollution.
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. We should give up those _________ (waste) habit in order to save our world.
2. Some factories________ (cause) pollution.
3. I think _____________ (environment)
education for kids is necessary.
4. Most students on our school often collect
________ (reuse) waste for recycling.
5. If we don’t look after our earth well, the future will be _________ (hope).
wasteful
cause
environmental
reusable
hopeless
二、单项选择。
1. ---- Jane, your bedroom is so dirty. ---- Sorry, I’ll .
A. clean it up B. clean up it C. clean them up
2. We should pay attention to the answers carefully in the exam.
A. check B. to check C. checking D. checks
3. You can’t sneeze and keep your eyes at the same time.
A. open B. opens C. opened D. opening
4. Tim Shanghai yesterday morning.
A. went back B. went out C. was off D. was off to
5. Many children are left alone in the countryside. Let’s try our best them.
A. help B. to help C. helping D. helps
A
C
A
D
B
三、同义句转换。
1. It’s not polite to speak to others with your mouth full of food.
It’s _________ to speak to others with your mouth full of food.
2. The teacher asked him to write the composition again.
The teacher asked him to _________ the composition.
3. He’s not popular with some of the neighbors.
He’s _________ with some of the neighbors.
4. I hate sweet food. Especially, I don’t like eating cake.
I hate sweet food. Especially, I _________ eating cake.
5. Hamburgers, candy and ice cream aren’t healthy food.
Hamburgers, candy and ice cream are __________ food.
impolite
rewrite
unpopular
dislike
unhealthy
1. 把……打扫干净 ；
2. 注意，重视 ；
3. 使得(某人/物)一直做某事 ；
4. 离开 ；
5. 尽某人最大努力做某事 ；
6. 不再 ；
7. 关掉 。
clean up
pay attention to
keep (sb./sth.) doing sth.
be off
try one’s best to do sth.
not…any more
switch off
四、翻译下列短语。
Homework
1. 抄写单词，每个3遍，每个短语3遍，意思一遍。
2. 读熟U1的对话，U2的短文，记住本模块所学单词、短语、句型和知识点。
3. 完成本单元的练习册。
4. 预习下节课的内容。
