(共54张PPT)
Unit 6 When was it invented
Section B ( 1a—1e )
The simple past passive voice
一般过去时被动语态
一般过去时被动语态表示过去经常性、习惯性被动动作或过去某一时刻发生的被动性动作，与主动语态相比,被动语态中主语是谓语动作的执行者。
被动语态的构成:
主语+ 助动词was/were+ (及物动词的) 过去分词
was (were) + done(P.P.)
Grammar
Bell invented the telephone in 1876.
The telephone was invented by Bell in 1876.
主动语态变被动语态的结构图:
主语
谓语动词
过去式
宾语
时间状语
主语
谓语动词的
过去分词
宾语
时间状语
一般过去时被动语态的结构
1. The zipper was invented in 1893.
2. Tea was brought to Korea during the 6th and 7th centuries.
3.The light bulb was invented by Edison.
4. The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell.
主语+ was/were+ done (V-ed)
Edison invented the light bulb.
The light bulb was invented by Edison.
主语 谓语动词主动语态(过去时) 宾语
主语 谓语动词被动语态(be+V-ed) 介词+宾语
How to change the active voice into passive voice
◆ 主动语态变被动语态的方法
① 主动语态的主语变成by引导的介词短语放在主谓结构后面，有时可以省略。
② 主动语态的谓语动词变成“was/were+及物V-ed”形式。
③ 主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。
一般过去时被动语态的几种句型
1.肯定句: 主语 + was/were + V-ed + (by…)
The news was published by the government.
2.否定句: 主语 + was/were + not + V-ed + (by…)
3.一般疑问句: Was/Were + 主语 + V-ed + (by…)
The news wasn’t published by the government.
Was the news published by the government
特殊疑问句:
疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + V-ed + (by…)
When was the news published by the government
主动语态不能变成被动语态的情况
当宾语是反身代词或相互代词时 He made himself a cup of coffee.
They help each other.
当宾语是不定式或V-ing时 We all want to be teachers.
当某些动词表示状态或结果时 The milk tastes slightly sour.
当宾语表示数量、重量、大小或程度 The jade weighs one ton.
用所给动词的正确形式填空：
1. The bike __________(fix) up by Xiaoming yesterday.
2. Shields ________ (use) for protecting people’s body in the past.
3.Last year, a picture _________(put) up on the blackboard.
4. She said French______________ (speak) in France.
5. Teenagers _______________(allow) to choose their own clothes two years ago.
was fixed
were used
was put
was spoken
were allowed
Practice
Teaching goals
Words and phrases: crispy, salty,
sour, by mistake, customer
2.Learn to describe the food.
crispy
salty
sour
by mistake
customer
adj. 脆的；酥脆的
adj. 咸的
adj. 酸的；有酸味的
错误地；无意中
n. 顾客；客户
Read after the tape.
New words
1. salty 咸 的
salty (tasting of salt) 形容词，意为“咸的；含盐的”，是由名词salt(盐)加后缀-y构成的。
The soup is a little salty for me.
汤对我来说有点咸了。
名词+后缀-y构成的形容词：
luck—lucky health—healthy wind—windy rain—rainy taste — tasty ice —icy
snow —snowy sun—sunny
Language Points
Review
Translate the phrases.
spread to other countries
by accident
It is said …
over an open fire
fall into the water
take place
without doubt
流传到其它国家
偶然；意外地
据说…
在户外的火上
掉入水中；落入水中
发生
毫无疑问；的确
tea
It was first drunk about
years ago.
When Shen Nong was the drinking water, some from a tea plant the boiling water.
It there for some time, then it a nice smell and delicious. This is how tea was invented.
5,ooo
boiling
leaves
fell into
remained
produced
tasted
Review
Tea was invented
It smells nice and tastes a little bitter(苦).
How does the tea taste
by accident.
Lead-in
They are crispy and salty.
How does the food taste
potato chips
biscuits
Can you name any crispy food
fried peanuts
炸花生
Cookies
酥饼
They are sweet.
chocolates
cakes
How does the food taste
candies
They are sour.
yogurt
How does the food taste
Lemon
Can you name any sour food
oranges
hawthorn fruit
dried plum酸梅
Different food has different taste.
hot
bitter
不可数名词
味道
The words in the box describe how food can taste. Write them under the correct pictures. Some pictures have more than one word.
1a
sweet crispy salty sour
crispy, salty
sour
sweet
salty
sweet ____________________________
crispy _____________________ fried chicken
salty ____________________________
sour ______________ vinegar
Write the name of a different food after each word.
banana
apple
Beijing Duck
potato chips
grape
candy
cookie
salted fishd/egg
lemon
watermelon
1b
What are they talking about
Guess
Maybe they are talking about potato chips.
1. When was potato chips invented
In 1853.
2. Who was potato chips invented by
By chef George Crum.
3. How was it invented
By mistake.
Listen and answer the questions :
1c
Listen and circle T for true or F for false.
The potato chips were invented by mistake.
2. They were invented in 1863.
3. The customer thought the potatoes weren’t thin enough.
4. The customer said they weren’t salty enough.
5. George wanted to make the customer happy.
6. The customer was happy in the end.
T
F
T
F
F
T
1853
thin
George wanted to make the customer hate them.
1c
Do you know that potato chips were invented by mistake Chips ______ _________ by a cook called George Crum. They were invented in______. George Crum cut the potatoes really, really _______ and then cooked them for a long time until they were _______And he put lots of salt on them so they were__________.
The history of potato chips
invented
1853
crispy
really salty
Listen again. Complete the sentence.
were
thin
1d
Check the answers!
一般过去时的被动语态
基本结构：_______________
was/were+V-ed
Pair work
Make a conversation about the invention of potato chips. Use the information in 1c and 1d.
A : Do you like potato chips
A : Who invented them
A: When were them invented
A :How were they invented
A: How did that happen
1e
Did you know potato chips were invented by mistake
Wow, I didn’t know that. Who invented them
It’s said that they were invented by a cook called George Crum.
When was that
Oh, it was back in 1853.
Why was it an accident
One day, a customer ordered a plate of fried potatoes. George cooked them for him. When the potatoes came, he said they were cut too thick and sent them back to the kitchen.
So what happened
George was angry, so he cut the potatoes really, really thin, and he cooked them for a long time until they were crispy. And he put lots of salt on them so they were really salty. He thought the customer would hate them.
And then
And the customer loved them and asked for more. He told the other customers about them, and soon everyone was ordering thinly cut, crispy, salty potato chips.
用所给词的正确形式填空。
1. The TV ____________ (invent) around 1927.
2. They are used for _______ (see) in the park.
3. This kite _________ (make) by Uncle Wang.
4. Tea ______________ (discover) a long time
ago.
5. Our classroom _________________
(should clean) every day.
was invented
seeing
was made
was discovered
should be cleaned
1) I brought other baggage by mistake.
我拿错了别人的行李。
2) I’m sorry that I took your schoolbag by mistake .
很抱歉我错拿了你的书包。
Language points
Potato chips were invented by mistake.
by mistake 错误地;无意中,常置于句末。
Practice
mistake n. make a mistake (犯错误)
mistake v. mistake…for… (把……误认为…...)
拓展延伸
1) It's easy to make a mistake.
犯错误很容易。
2) I mistook Kate for her sister when I met her yesterday.
昨天我遇见她时，我误认为凯特是她的妹妹。
Practice
Now 2 minutes to test your spelling.
English-Chinese
crispy salty sour
客户 错误地
When finishing, exchange your papers to see who does the best.
Spelling Bee
Chinese-English
Self-evaluation
1. What words can you learn to describe how food can taste
2. What specific information can you get about potato chips while listening
3. Can you talk about the history of potato chips, using passive voice
各个击破
Write a short passage about the history of your favorite food.
Finish the exercises in Learning English.
3. Preview the new words and expressions.
4. Preview the passage Do You Know When Basketball Was Invented on page 46.
Homework
1. by mistake 错误地
I took his backpack by mistake.
我错拿了他的书包。
He put salt in her cup of tea by mistake.
他错把盐放进她的茶杯里。
Language points
mistake
1. n. 错误
I used to make mistakes in spelling．
我过去常常犯拼写方面的错误。
2. v. 弄错; 误解
You mistook my meaning
你误解了我的意思。
mistake ... for ... 错把……当成……
Don't mistake me for an American.
不要把我误会成美国人。
by mistake与by accident
1) by mistake意为“错误地”
I took her umbrella by mistake last night
because they are the same style．
昨晚我错拿了她的雨伞，因为它们的样式一样。
2) by accident意为“偶然地；意外地”
The idea came to him by accident．
很偶然地他想到了这个主意。
知识链接
I’m sorry to take your umbrella _______
yesterday; here’s the umbrella．
A. by accident B. by the way
C. by guess D. by mistake
解析：by accident意为“偶然地”，by
mistake意为“错误地”，by the way“顺便提
一下”。本句意为“很抱歉我昨天错拿了你的雨伞，这是那把雨伞”。
D
Ⅵ. 完成句子
抱歉，我错拿了你的包。
Sorry, I took your bag ______ ______ .
根据所给汉语提示完成下列句子。
那个小孩在登山中意外地摔伤了腿。
That child broke his leg ______ _______ when he was climbing the mountain.
by mistake
by accident
2. in the end 最后，终于 (相当于finally 或 at last)
In the end, they found their teacher.
最后，他们找到了他们的老师。
I was saved in the end.
我最后获救了。
by the end常和of相连，用于指时间，意为“到……底(末)为止”
They can finish the work by the end of this month.
到这个月底的时候，他们能完成这项工作。
知识链接
at the end of可以指时间，也可指处所，意为“在……尽头，在……结束时”。
At the end of the road, you can see the shop.
在这条路的尽头，你能看到那家商店。
At the end of last term, we had an English
exam.
在上学期结束时，我们举行了一次英语测试。
他在花园尽头的那边。
He is down _______________ the garden.
最后，我们找到了这座房屋。
______________ we found the house.
到战争结束时, 这个小铺子已经变成有728个工人的大厂了。
_____________________, the small work-shop had become a large factory with 728 workers.
at the end of
In the end
By the end of the war
2. 薯片是一个名叫乔治·克拉姆的厨师发明的。
Potato chips _______ _______ _______ a cook _______ George Crum.
3. 而且他在它们上面放了很多盐。
And he _______ lots of salt _______ them.
完成句子。
1. 薯片是由于失误而被发明的。
Potato chips _______ _______ _______ _______ .
Exercise
were
invented
by
mistake
were
invented
by
called
put
on
4. 根据句意填入合适的形容词。
Candy is ______, salt is ______, vinegar (醋) is _____, and potato chips are _____.
5. 翻译下面的句子。
那个厨师错把糖放进了汤里。
The cook put sugar into the soup by mistake.
sweet
salty
sour
crispy
单项选择
1. -Sorry, I took your umbrella ______ mistake.
-It doesn’t matter.
A. with B. by C. at D. in
2. I know that potato chips ______ by George Crum.
A. invented B. was invented
C. are invented D. were invented
B
D
3. Mom added salt to the soup, but it still
wasn’t _______ .
A. enough sweet B. sweet enough
C. salty enough D. enough salty
4. This kind of soup should be boiled _______
a long time.
A. for B. in C. with D. at
C
A
5. Hold on to your dreams, and they may
come true _______.
A. at the end B. by the end
C. in the end D. on the end
C
Homework
1.熟读 本课时1c 1d 部分的句子。
2.完成本课时课时练对应练习题。
