中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2022年中考英语基础过关练26
句法之虚拟语气
1.She suggested Jim by plane, but I thought it would cost too much.
A. go B. goes C. to go
2.But for their help, we ____ the program in time.
A. can not finish B. will not finish C. had not finished D. could not have finished
3.What you do if you won dollars
A. will, two millions B. will, two millions of C. would, million of D. would, millions of
4.He suggested that the meeting _____ put off.
A. not be B. should not C. wouldn't D. be not
5.If ________, I would have gone with him.
A. had he told me B. he had told me C. he has told me D. he would tell me
6.— Are you thinking about going to New York for the holiday
— No. But if I ________ the time, I would definitely go.
A. have B. had C. have had D. would have
7.If I _______ Tom, I _______ the police for help.
A. am; will call B. am; would call C. were; can call D. were; would call
8.If I _______ Tom, I _______ the police for help.
A. am; will call B. am; would call C. were; can call D. were; would call
9.If I you, I invite him to go to see a movie.
A. am, would B. were, will C. were, would D. was, will
10.You should ___________ here at 7:00 this morning. But you arrived at 8:00.You were late.
A. have arrived B. arrived C. arrive D. had arrived
11.If he had really pulled the trigger, I would have __________ then and there.
A. ends up B. ended up C. ending up D. end up
12.If I _______ you, I would give some flowers to her.
A. am B. are C. was D. were
13.If I ______ you, I would represent the class in the school English speech contest.
A. was B. were C. am D. are
14.Thanks for your help, John . We have finished our work so early your help.
A. can't ；without B. couldn't ；without C. wouldn't ；under D. could； by
15.— Come and join us, Betty!
— I'm afraid I can't. I'm too busy now. If I ______ time, I would certainly go.
A. have B. have had C. will have D. had
16.I would wear a shirt and tie to the party if I ________ you. It's more polite.
A. were B. will be C. am
17.If I you, I'd keep quiet and listen carefully in class.
A. am B. will be C. were
18.—Mum, can I go shopping with Gina
—Well, If I were you, I homework first.
A. will do B. have to finish C. must finish D. would do
19.— What would you do if you _______ a million dollars
— I would give it to charity.
A. have B. had C. will have D. would have
20.I'm not free today, If I ____ time, I ____ and help him with you.
A. have, will go B. had, would go C. have, would go D. had, will go
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2022年中考英语基础过关练26
句法之虚拟语气
1.She suggested Jim by plane, but I thought it would cost too much.
A. go B. goes C. to go
【答案】 A
【解析】句意：她建议他坐飞机去，但是我认为坐飞机花钱太多。suggest意思是建议，后跟宾语从句，从句中要用主语加should+动词原形，should可省略，故选A。
【点睛】考查虚拟语气，牢记suggest以及类似的单词的用法。
2.But for their help, we ____ the program in time.
A. can not finish B. will not finish C. had not finished D. could not have finished
【答案】 D
【解析】句意：如果没有他们的帮助，我们不可能按时完成这项计划。But for，起到了对过去虚拟的条件句作用，后面用would／could／might／should+ have done结构，故选D。
【点睛】考查虚拟语气 的基本结构。
3.What you do if you won dollars
A. will, two millions B. will, two millions of C. would, million of D. would, millions of
【答案】 D
【解析】句意：如果你赢得了数百万美元你会做什么？millions of数百万，two million两百万；根据该句是虚拟语气，所以助动词用would。故答案为D。
【点睛】考查虚拟语气和数词的用法，if条件句使用虚拟语气的原则，若与现在事实相反的假设，从句用一般过去时，主句用would+动词原形。
4.He suggested that the meeting _____ put off.
A. not be B. should not C. wouldn't D. be not
【答案】 A
【解析】本题考点,及物动词suggest / demand / insist / order / ask (做”要求“解时) / require .后面的宾语从句,要用虚拟语气,谓语用should +动词原形,should 可以省略,本题正是省略了should.故选A。
【点睛】考查宾语从句中使用虚拟语气。
5.If ________, I would have gone with him.
A. had he told me B. he had told me C. he has told me D. he would tell me
【答案】 B
【解析】句意：如果他告诉我了，我就跟他一起去了。if引导的条件状语从句构成的虚拟语气中，若表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句用过去完成时had+过去分词；主句用would have+过去分词。本句中的主句谓语是would have gone，因此从句用过去完成时，故选B。
【点睛】考查虚拟语气结构。
6.— Are you thinking about going to New York for the holiday
— No. But if I ________ the time, I would definitely go.
A. have B. had C. have had D. would have
【答案】 B
【解析】句意：——你在考虑去纽约度假吗？——不，但是如果我有时间，我肯定会去。如果选A，主句应将would改为will。因为主句谓语用了would+动词原形，所以从句的谓语用一般过去时had。这是虚拟语气的句型：表示与现状或将来事实相反的假设，if从句中用过去式，主语中用would/should/might+动词原形。故选B。
【点睛】考查虚拟语气。
7.If I _______ Tom, I _______ the police for help.
A. am; will call B. am; would call C. were; can call D. were; would call
【答案】 D
【解析】考查虚拟语气的用法。对现在事实的虚拟，if从句用一般过去时，主句用would +动词原形，故选D。
8.If I _______ Tom, I _______ the police for help.
A. am; will call B. am; would call C. were; can call D. were; would call
【答案】 D
【解析】考查虚拟语气的用法。对现在事实的虚拟，if从句用一般过去时，主句用would +动词原形，故选D。
9.If I you, I invite him to go to see a movie.
A. am, would B. were, will C. were, would D. was, will
【答案】 C
【解析】句意：句意：如果我是你，我会邀请他去看电影。go to see a movie去看电影；invite sb to do邀请某人做某事；在表达与现在事实相反的虚拟语气中，Be用were,主句用would。所以选C。
10.You should ___________ here at 7:00 this morning. But you arrived at 8:00.You were late.
A. have arrived B. arrived C. arrive D. had arrived
【答案】 A
【解析】should have done表示本应该做而实际上去没有做某事。根据句意应选A。
【点睛】该题主要考查should have done的用法。需要根据句意去判断。
11.If he had really pulled the trigger, I would have __________ then and there.
A. ends up B. ended up C. ending up D. end up
【答案】 B
【解析】have后跟过去分词，end up结束。句意：如果他真的扣动了扳机的话，我早就被当场打死了。故选B。
12.If I _______ you, I would give some flowers to her.
A. am B. are C. was D. were
【答案】 D
【解析】 句意：如果我是你，我将要送给她一些鲜花。分析if引导的虚拟语气。表示与现在事实相反的情况。其句子结构为：从句：if + 主语+ 动词的过去式(be 用were) + ……主句：主语+ would (should, could , might) + 动词原形+……例如：If I were you, I would read it again. 如果我是你的话，我再读一遍。（事实上我不是你）故选D
【点睛】考查if引导的虚拟语气。
13.If I ______ you, I would represent the class in the school English speech contest.
A. was B. were C. am D. are
【答案】 B
【解析】 根据题干，本句的意思是“如果我是你，我就代表全班参加全校的英语演讲比赛。”本句的一个虚拟语气，我是永远不会成为你的。在虚拟语气中be动词不论是第几人称，都用were。所以本题选B。
【点睛】本题实际上是考查虚拟语气，虚拟语气是一种假设的情况，并且这种假设的情况是不可能实现的。在做虚拟语气时，应注意主句一般用would do，从句用if+过去时，而be动词用were。
14.Thanks for your help, John . We have finished our work so early your help.
A. can't ；without B. couldn't ；without C. wouldn't ；under D. could； by
【答案】 B
【解析】 这题考查虚拟语气：句意是：没有你的帮助我们不会这么早完成工作的。因为事实是，由于你的帮助，我们很早完成了工作，是和过去相反的虚拟语气，用couldn't have done。选B。
15.— Come and join us, Betty!
— I'm afraid I can't. I'm too busy now. If I ______ time, I would certainly go.
A. have B. have had C. will have D. had
【答案】 D
【解析】句意：贝蒂，来加入我们到我们中吧！- 恐怕不行，现在我太忙了。如果我有时间我当然会去。虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其主要有三种结构：
1、与现在事实相反
若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”
2、与过去事实相反
若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”
3、与将来事实相反
若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。根据句意可知该句是与现在的事实相反，故选D。
【点睛】考查虚拟语气的用法。
16.I would wear a shirt and tie to the party if I ________ you. It's more polite.
A. were B. will be C. am
【答案】 A
【解析】与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，if从句用过去时，主句用would/should/might+动词原形。句意：如果我是你，我就穿衬衫带领带去参加聚会。那样更礼貌。故选A。
【点睛】 考查虚拟语气的用法。
17.If I you, I'd keep quiet and listen carefully in class.
A. am B. will be C. were
【答案】 C
【解析】 与现在事实相反：条件从句用动词过去式，主句用would/could/should/might+动词原形；与过去事实相反：条件从句用had done，主句用would/could/should/might+have done；与将来事实相反：条件从句用动词过去式/should+动词原形/were to do，主句用would/could/should/might+动词原形。句意：如果我是你，我上课就会保持安静，认真听课。故选C。
【点睛】考查虚拟语气的用法。
18.—Mum, can I go shopping with Gina
—Well, If I were you, I homework first.
A. will do B. have to finish C. must finish D. would do
【答案】 D
【解析】句意：妈妈，我能和吉娜去购物吗？——哦，如果我是你，我会首先完成作业。结合语境可知主句表示的是对现在的虚拟，故用过去将来时态，选D。
【点睛】虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。
1、与现在事实相反
若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”
2、与过去事实相反
若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”
3、与将来事实相反
若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were)，主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”：
19.— What would you do if you _______ a million dollars
— I would give it to charity.
A. have B. had C. will have D. would have
【答案】 B
【解析】根据语境可知此句的含义是如果你有一百万，你该怎样做。考查的是虚拟语气的基本用法。条件用过去时，主句要用过去将来时，故选B。
【点睛】虚拟语气其实就是if引导条件状语从句时，词义为“如果”，不过这个条件是无法实现的。从句中的谓语动词通常用一般过去时表示，则主句中的谓语动词用过去将来时。
20.I'm not free today, If I ____ time, I ____ and help him with you.
A. have, will go B. had, would go C. have, would go D. had, will go
【答案】 B
【解析】句意：我今天没空，如果我有时间，我就和你一起去帮助他。在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。表示与现在事实相反的假设，虚拟条件句为If+主语+动词的过去式(be动词用were)，主句为主语+should, would, could, might + 动词原形。所以选B。
【点睛】考查虚拟语气。
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