中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2022年中考英语基础过关练30
句法之句子结构和成分
1.Which part is the VERB of the following sentence "Susan walks to school every day."
A. "Susan" B. " walks to" C. "school" D. "every day"
【答案】 B
【解析】句意：下列句子“Susan walks to school every day”的动词是哪一部分？Susan人名字，专有名词；walks to步行去，动词词组；school学校，名词；every day每天，名词短语，故答案为B。
【点睛】考查句子结构和成分。熟记简单句的结构及单词词义和词性。
2.The sentence pattern of "I enjoy living in Gansu." is________________.
A. S+V+O B. S+V+P C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+DO+OC
【答案】 A
【解析】句意：I enjoy living in Gansu.的句型结构是什么？结合题干中的I enjoy living in Gansu.可知，此句的主语是"I"；谓语动词是enjoy； 宾语是 living in Gansu。此句的结构为主语+谓语+宾语，即S+V+O，故选A。
【点睛】考查句子结构与成分。注意把握语句的基本结构类型。
3.The main structure of the sentence "We are all fighters." is _______.
A. S+V B. S+V+O C. S+V+P D. S+V+IO+DO
【答案】 C
【解析】句意：“我们都是战士”这句话的主要结构是……。A.主谓，B.主谓宾，C.主系表，D.主谓宾宾。根据系动词are，可知本句结构为主系表。故选C。
【点睛】考查句子结构。注意掌握句子结构的种类及缩写。
4.Which sentence's structure belongs to "S＋V+ DO＋OC"
A. John gave his sister a nice watch. B. They are very tired.
C. Teenagers have many problems. D. They find their English teacher interesting.
【答案】 D
【解析】句意：下面那个句子的结构属于“主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾语补足语”根据题目要求，D选项They是主语，find是实义动词作谓语，人：English teacher是直接宾语，interesting是形容词作宾语补足语。符合要求，故选D。
【点睛】考查句子结构与成分。要认识句子结构的缩写组成才能正确理解题意。
5.Which of the following sentences is correct
A. He came in and sat down. B. We all like《Harry Potter》
C. When we met. He didn't say hello. D. He went out, headed for the bus stop.
【答案】 A
【解析】题意：下列哪个句子是正确的？英语中没有书名号，电影名称、书名、歌曲名等常用斜体，故B项错误；“When we met”并非一个完整的句子，结尾不能用句号，故C错误；went out与headed for是两个并列的谓语，中间需要有连词连接，或者第二个谓语用现在分词形式做伴随状语，故D错误。故选A。
【点睛】考查英语常识和语法知识，注意识记一些常识以及通过分析句子结构来判断正误。
6.The sentence structure of “We must keep our classroom clean and tidy.” is _______.
A. S+V B. S+V+O C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+DO+OC
【答案】 D
【解析】句意：We must keep our classroom clean and tidy.”这个句子的结构是什么。我们（主语）必须保持（谓语）我们的教室（宾语）干净和整洁（宾补）。A. S+V主语+谓语; B. S+V+O主语+谓语+宾语; C. S+V+IO+DO 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语; D. S+V+DO+OC主语+谓语+宾语+宾补；故选D。
【点睛】考查句子成分与结构，注意识记句子成分与结构的用法。
7.—In the sentence "Tom passed me a note just now." which is the adverbial
—" _____________ "is.
A. Passed B. Me C. A note D. Just now
【答案】 D
【解析】句意：——在这个句子“Tom刚才递给我一张纸条”中，哪个成分是状语？——？……是。adverbial状语；根据中英文对照，可知passed是谓语，me是间接宾语，a note是直接宾语，just now是时间状语，故选D。
【点睛】考查句子结构与成分，注意识记句子成分的分析。
8."Trees turn green in spring." Here, the sentence structure is the same as" ____________".
A. Ken takes the train every day B. We are playing games in the park
C. Nelly can speak a little Chinese. D. Lily and I are both pretty outgoing
【答案】 D
【解析】句意：“Trees turn green in spring.”和这里的哪个句子结构相同。Trees turn green in spring.中turn是系动词，所以句子是主系表结构。A、B、C项动词分别是take，play和speak，行为动词，是主谓宾结构，D项are是系动词，是主系表结构，故答案为D。
【点睛】考查句子结构。注意识记简单句的五种类型。
9.The sentence structure of "I often hear Simon sing English songs." is .
A. S+V+DO+OC B. S+V+P C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+DO
【答案】 A
【解析】句意：“I often hear Simon sing English songs.”的句子结构是__________：由 “我经常听到西蒙唱英语歌。”可知，其句子结构是：I是主语（S）；hear是及物动词（V）； Simon是宾语（DO）；sing English songs是宾语补足语（OC）；即S+V+DO+OC（主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语），故答案为A。
【点睛】考查句子结构和成分。注意识记简单句的五种类型。
10.Which sentence has the same structure as "I saw some kids kicking the ball in the park"
A. I always find English easy and useful.
B. I am feeling much better than yesterday.
C. I bought my father a scarf for his birthday.
D. I saw a lot of foreigners the day before yesterday.
【答案】 A
【解析】句意：哪个句子的结构和“我看见一些孩子在公园里踢球”的结构一样 考查句子结构。根据句子结构分析可知，I是主语，saw是谓语，some kids是宾语，kicking the ball是宾语补足语，所以题干中的句子结构为S+V+DO+OC；A选项中I是主语，find是谓语，English是宾语，easy and useful是宾语补足语，所以句子结构为S+V+DO+OC；B选项中主语是I，am feeling是系动词，better是表语，所以句子结构为S+V+P；C选项中I是主语，bought是谓语，my father是间宾，a scarf是直宾，所以句子结构为S+V+IO+DO； D选项中I是主语，saw是谓语，a lot of foreigners是宾语，所以句子结构为S+V+O；对照四个句子结构可知，A选项与所给句子结构一致，故答案选A。
【点睛】考查句子结构与成分，注意平时识记其用法。
11.The structure of the sentence ―Mr. Liu teaches us physics. is ________.
A. S+V B. S+V+DO C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+DO+OC
【答案】 C
【解析】句意：句子结构——刘老师教我们物理是主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语。S+V主语+谓语；S+V+DO主语+谓语+直接宾语；S+V+IO+DO主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语；S+V+DO+OC主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾补，根据Mr. Liu是主语，teaches是谓语，us是间接宾语，physics是直接宾语，故答案选C。
【点睛】考查句子结构，注意识记几种句子结构的类型。
12.What is the sentence pattern of "Mr. Tao teaches English"
A. S+V+O+OC B. S+V C. S+V+P D. S+V+O
【答案】 D
【解析】句意：“陶老师教英语”的句型是什么？S+V+O+OC主谓宾宾补；S+V主谓；S+V+P主系表；S+V+O主谓宾。Mr. Tao是主语，teaches是谓语，English是宾语。故答案选D。
【点睛】考查句子结构。
13.Hobo gave Eddie some ice cream. The sentence structure (结构) is _____________.
A. S+V+P B. S+V+IO+DO C. S+V+O D. S+V+DO+OC
【答案】 B
【解析】句意：流浪汉给了埃迪一些冰淇淋。句子结构是？A.主系表；B.主语+谓语+间接引语+直接引语；C.主谓宾；D.主谓宾加宾补。gave是give的过去式，给，give sb. sth.给某人某物，固定搭配，sb.是间接宾语，sth.是直接宾语，Hobo是主语，gave是谓语，故选B。
【点睛】考查句子结构和成分。
14.The sentence structure of "We made a snowman happily." is ________________.
A. S+V+O B. S+V+P C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+DO+OC
【答案】 A
【解析】句意：句子“我们快乐地做了个雪人。”的结构是主语+谓语+直接宾语。A、主语+谓语+宾语；B、主语+系动词+表语；C、主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语；D、主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾补。由分析句子成分可知，We是主语，made是谓语，a snowman是宾语，happily是状语，不列入句子结构，故选A。
【点睛】考查句子结构和成分，注意根据句子来分析结构。
15.Which of the following is correct
A. Didn't you know if our teacher has checked out our homework
B. Could you tell me what's the matter with Tom
C. I wondered, "Would you like to have a picnic with me"
D. Mary was seen play basketball when I passed the playground.
【答案】 B
【解析】句意：下面哪个选项是正确的？A项didn't表否定，if（是否）表不确定，二者连用导致句意不清；C项直接引语是客气的请求，动宾搭配错误；D项被动语态was seen后面的不定式符号需恢复；此三项都可排除。B项是含有宾语从句的主从复合句，句子结构正确，语句通顺，故选B。
【点睛】考查句子结构和成分。根据语法知识判断句子的正误。
16.It _____________ cloudy outside. I think it's going to rain.
A. to turn B. turn C. turns D. turning
【答案】 C
【解析】句意：外面天变得多云了。我认为天将要下雨。turn变得，系动词。句子缺少谓语，排除A、D。主语是单数it，所以用turns，故选C。
【点睛】考查动词单三式，注意句子结构。
17.Driving brings the young man happiness. The sentence structure is .
A. S+V+P B. S+V+O C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+DO+OC
【答案】 C
【解析】句意：开车给这个年轻人带来了快乐。这是一个简单句，主语为Driving，是动名词形式；谓语动词是brings；the young man和happiness都是动词的宾语，the young man是间接宾语；happiness是直接宾语。故选C。
【点睛】考查句子结构和成分。注意句子成分在句子结构中的排列顺序。
18.I found _______ convenient to shop on line at home.
A. it's B. that C. it D. that was
【答案】 C
【解析】句意：我发现在家网购和方便。固定句式：主+find+it+adj+to do，主语发现做某事是……的，故选C。
【点睛】考查it做形式宾语，熟练掌握固定句式：主+find+it+adj+to do。
19.We'd like more students to join the story telling club.
A. 状语 B. 直接宾语 C. 宾语补足语 D. 谓语
【答案】 C
【解析】句意：我们想要更多的学生参加讲故事俱乐部。题干句的主语是We；谓语动词是would like； 宾语是more students；句尾的动词不定式短语to join the story telling club用于修饰学生，表示学生做某事，是对宾语的一个补充，因此作为宾补，故答案选C。
【点睛】考查动词不定式。注意句子涉及到动词不定式作目的状语的用法。
20.It's getting colder and colder these days.
A. 表语 B. 定语 C. 状语 D. 宾语
【答案】 A
【解析】句意：如今天气变得越来越冷。句子谓语动词get，变得……，是连系动词，后接形容词作表语，构成系表结构，故答案选A。
【点睛】考查句子的成分。注意涉及到连系动词后接形容词作系表结构的用法。
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2022年中考英语基础过关练30
句法之句子结构和成分
1.Which part is the VERB of the following sentence "Susan walks to school every day."
A. "Susan" B. " walks to" C. "school" D. "every day"
2.The sentence pattern of "I enjoy living in Gansu." is________________.
A. S+V+O B. S+V+P C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+DO+OC
3.The main structure of the sentence "We are all fighters." is _______.
A. S+V B. S+V+O C. S+V+P D. S+V+IO+DO
4.Which sentence's structure belongs to "S＋V+ DO＋OC"
A. John gave his sister a nice watch. B. They are very tired.
C. Teenagers have many problems. D. They find their English teacher interesting.
5.Which of the following sentences is correct
A. He came in and sat down. B. We all like《Harry Potter》
C. When we met. He didn't say hello. D. He went out, headed for the bus stop.
6.The sentence structure of “We must keep our classroom clean and tidy.” is _______.
A. S+V B. S+V+O C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+DO+OC
7.—In the sentence "Tom passed me a note just now." which is the adverbial
—" _____________ "is.
A. Passed B. Me C. A note D. Just now
8."Trees turn green in spring." Here, the sentence structure is the same as" ____________".
A. Ken takes the train every day B. We are playing games in the park
C. Nelly can speak a little Chinese. D. Lily and I are both pretty outgoing
9.The sentence structure of "I often hear Simon sing English songs." is .
A. S+V+DO+OC B. S+V+P C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+DO
10.Which sentence has the same structure as "I saw some kids kicking the ball in the park"
A. I always find English easy and useful.
B. I am feeling much better than yesterday.
C. I bought my father a scarf for his birthday.
D. I saw a lot of foreigners the day before yesterday.
11.The structure of the sentence ―Mr. Liu teaches us physics. is ________.
A. S+V B. S+V+DO C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+DO+OC
12.What is the sentence pattern of "Mr. Tao teaches English"
A. S+V+O+OC B. S+V C. S+V+P D. S+V+O
13.Hobo gave Eddie some ice cream. The sentence structure (结构) is _____________.
A. S+V+P B. S+V+IO+DO C. S+V+O D. S+V+DO+OC
14.The sentence structure of "We made a snowman happily." is ________________.
A. S+V+O B. S+V+P C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+DO+OC
15.Which of the following is correct
A. Didn't you know if our teacher has checked out our homework
B. Could you tell me what's the matter with Tom
C. I wondered, "Would you like to have a picnic with me"
D. Mary was seen play basketball when I passed the playground.
16.It _____________ cloudy outside. I think it's going to rain.
A. to turn B. turn C. turns D. turning
17.Driving brings the young man happiness. The sentence structure is .
A. S+V+P B. S+V+O C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+DO+OC
18.I found _______ convenient to shop on line at home.
A. it's B. that C. it D. that was
19.We'd like more students to join the story telling club.
A. 状语 B. 直接宾语 C. 宾语补足语 D. 谓语
20.It's getting colder and colder these days.
A. 表语 B. 定语 C. 状语 D. 宾语
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