(共23张PPT)
Unit 2 The universal language
Grammar and usage
Grammar and usage
Verb-ing forms as subjects and objects
The story of Boya and Zhong Ziqi
Read the story on Page 20 and fill the following table.
When in China’s (1) ________________________________________
Who Boya, (2) ____________________
Zhong Ziqi, Boya’s audience and friend
What happened Boya played the qin very well, but he believed no one could
(3) ___________________ until he met Zhong Ziqi.
Zhong was able to recognize the image in Boya’s piece of music: (4) ____________________________________.
They became great friends and agreed to meet the next year.
(5) ___________________ because Zhong Ziqi, the only person that could understand his music was gone.
Spring and Autumn and Warring States period
a master of the qin
understand his music
High Mountains and Flowing Water
Boya destroyed his qin
Exploring the rules
Verb-ing forms as subjects
Verb-ing forms as objects
Playing the qin was his life.
Having someone that really understood his music pleased Boya, …
…, it’s no use keeping the qin.
… everyone enjoyed listening …
Boya did not say anything before playing the qin, …
When Boya continued playing, …
…, who never got tired of sharing his music with Zhong Ziqi.
… before going their separate ways, …
After he finished playing the piece, …
Go through the story again and fill the following table.
The verb-ing form can be used as the subject of a sentence.
The verb-ing form can also be used as the object of a (1) ______or a (2) ___________.
Working out the rules
verb
preposition
总结：
Fill the blanks
1.Listening to Boya's music _____(be) a kind of enjoyment.
2.Playing qin _____(be) his life.
3.__________(listen) to Boya’s music was worthwhile.
was
Listening
was
It is worthwhile doing... 做......是值得的
It is ________/_________ doing... 做......无用的
It is __________ doing ... 做......是没有好处的
It is __________________ ... 做......是浪费时间的
There is no point (in) doing... ________________
Explore the rules
It was worthwhile listening to Boya’s music.
1.v-ing做主语，谓语动词用___数.
2.v-ing在句中做主语时，有时可以用形式主语____代替
单
it
no use useless
no good
a waste of time
做......没有意义
2. ________ (travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience. (2018 北京)
Traveling
1. _________ (learn) to think critically is an important skill today’s children will need for the future. (2019 天津)
Learning
3. ______ (use) emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. (2020全国卷II)
4. ________(take) pictures of polar bears is amazing but also dangerous. (2020浙江·读后续写)
Using
Taking
5. It is useless trying to argue with Shylock.
和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。（翻译）
1.Boya didn’t say anything before playing the qin, yet ...
2.When Boya continued playing, Zhong Ziqi said ...
3.From then on, Boya never got tired of sharing his music.
Explore the rules
总结：
v-ing 跟在_________和______之后做宾语，如 continue，get tired of, before等。
动词(短语)
介词
1. Verb-ing形式可以用作动词的宾语，常见的动词(短语)有avoid, consider, enjoy, keep, finish, suggest, dislike, delay, escape, cannot help, imagine, mind, miss, practise, cannot stand, excuse, fancy, give up, risk等。
Lead in
避免错过少延期 (avoid, miss, delay)
建议完成多练习 (advise, finish, practise)
喜欢想象禁不住 (enjoy, imagine , can't help)
承认否定与嫉妒 (admit, deny, envy)
逃避冒险莫原谅 (escape, risk, excuse)
忍受保持不介意 (stand, keep, mind)
记忆口诀
Presentation
(1) 有些动词后可接Verb-ing或to do作宾语，且语义相差不大。这类动词有: begin, love, like, continue, hate, propose, prefer等。
(2) 有些动词后既可以使用Verb-ing形式又可以使用to do，但语义有区别。
Example: forget regret remember
mean try stop …
a. 我将不会忘记听过她唱那支歌的情景。
b. 我忘了带伞。
I shall never forget hearing her singing that song.
I have forgotten to bring my umbrella.
Presentation
stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事
mean to do sth. 想要做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着
try to do sth. 努力要做某事 try doing sth. 试着做某事
remember to do sth. 记得要去做某事 remember doing sth. 记得做了某事
regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事(事情已经做过)
regret to do sth. 遗憾要做某事(事情正要做或还未做)
a. 我很后悔借给他那么多钱，因为他从来没有还过我。
b. 我遗憾的告诉你，你没有通过考试。
I regret lending him so much money because he never paid me back.
I regret to tell you that you failed the test.
Language points
2. Verb-ing形式可作介词宾语，常见的介词短语有 stick to，be / get used to，devote to, object to, pay attention to, get down to, lead to, look forward to, insist on, put off, feel like, waste/ spend…(in) doing sth., have trouble /difficulty (in) doing sth.等
e.g. My father is used to _______ (go) to bed late and getting up
very early.
I’m looking forward to __________(receive) your reply.
going
receiving
be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
can't help doing sth. 禁不住做某事 can't help to do sth. 不能帮助做某事
go on doing sth.继续做一直在做的事 go on to do sth. 接着做另一件事
Exercises
1. I don’t want ________ (sound) like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s
plan is unfair.
2. They are considering _______ (buy) the house before the prices go up.
3. The children are opposed to ______ (have) the party without their uncle.
4. She just kept _________ ( whisper) “1 can't believe you're here!”
5. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ________(die)
early by cycling
6. I still remember _______( visit ) a Cantonese friend who'd lived here for five years.
7. _________________(travel) along the old Silk Road is a pleasant and rewarding
experience.
whispering
dying
visiting
Travelling/To travel
to sound
buying
having
8. When he saw me, he stopped _________ (say) hello to me.
9. She can’t help _________ (clean) the house because she’s busy making a cake.
10. I regret _______________ (not take) her advice.
11. One morning, the native was waiting at the bus stop, worried about_______(be) late
for the meeting
12. The boy kept_______( ride ) . He was carrying something sour over his shoulder and shouting.
being
riding
to say
to clean
not having taken
1. Boya was curious about ___________________ as expected.
2. _________________________made Boya very sad.
3. ____________________ with sorrow made him destroy his qin.
4. People was shocked by _______________his qin.
Boya’s being overcome
总结：
his destroying ; Zhong ziqi’s passing away;
Ziqi’s not showing up; Boya’s being overcome;
Ziqi’s not showing up
his destroying
Zhong ziqi’s passing away
2.v-ing的否定为_____________
3.v-ing的被动语态为_____________，被动否定为 __________
I’m looking forward to _________________
(play) the piano. However, ______________ (succeed) in watching the concert made me upset because of _______________(delay) by the traffic.
Explore the rules
1._____________是动名词的复合结构,此时动名词有自己的逻辑主语
one’s doing
not doing
being done
not being done
Lang lang’s playing
not succeeding
my being delayed
1. Mary’s ______ (be) late for class this morning made the teacher angry.
2. The two students who had broken the school rules were lucky enough to escape ________________ (punish).
3. They insisted on _____ another chance to try.
A. given B. giving C. being given D. to be given
4.Tom was very unhappy for__________ to the party.
A. having not been invited B. not having invited
C. having not invited D. not having been invited
Exercises
being
being punished
C
D
B1 Circle the mistakes and write down the correct forms in the blanks. P21
1. Listen to music is my favourite thing to do.
2. I really enjoy to read biographies of musicians.
3. It’s no use try to play the violin if you’re not going to give it your best shot.
4. Would you mind to teach me how to play the guitar
5. These instruments were meant for play traditional Chinese music.
Listening
reading
trying
teaching
playing
Applying the rules
Applying the rules
If you have to choose music from the Earth to send into space, what music do you think is capable of (1) __________ (represent) mankind The sound of the Chinese qin is one answer to this question. In 1977, two spacecraft called Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 were sent out (2) _________ (explore) the solar system. On both spacecraft, there is a selection of music from our planet. (3) __________ (send) music into outer space was the idea of the famous scientist Carl Sagan, who believed intelligent life existed on other planets. The music was intended as a universal language to greet intelligent life in space (if there is any). A group of scientists and artists got down to (4) _________ (choose) suitable music.
representing
to explore
Sending
choosing
Of course, they had trouble (5) _______ (select) which pieces of music to include. In the end, 27 different pieces of music (6) ______ (last) 90 minutes were put on the spacecraft. China is represented by a recording of Guan Pinghu (7) _______ (play) an ancient piece called Flowing Water on the Chinese instrument qin. It is said that Boya wrote it.
It took about 40 years for the Voyager spacecraft (8) _______ (enter) the space between the stars. We do not know what will happen in the end, but maybe the sound of the qin will one day be heard on a distant planet.
selecting
lasting
playing
to enter
Applying the rules
Write down your favourite kind of music and share the reasons to your group members, using verb-ing forms correctly.
I like listening to pop music best because of the lyrics, which can be very inspiring. Buying newly-released albums of my favourite singers always excites me. On my way to school or back home, I usually listen to my collection, which makes the journey more relaxing. I spend most of my spare time enjoying music too, instead of watching TV or surfing the Internet. Playing some of my best-loved songs like “My Heart will Go on”, “Hero”, and “You raise me up”, really make my day.
Applying the rules
https://www.21cnjy.com/help/help_extract.php
