中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
新人教版必修二Unit 1 Period 3
Discovering useful structures学案
学生姓名 班级 序号
课题内容 Unit 1 Cultural Relics Period 3 discovering useful structures
教材分析 The topic of this period is “Describe people or things with greater details”. The students have learnt relative clause in Book 1, so this period would further illustrate the form, meaning and functions of relative clause, in order to help students use relative clause properly in authentic situation, especially to describe people and things in greater details.
学习目标与核心素养 Knowledge objectives: Ss can master the form, structure, meaning and functions of relative clause. Skill objectives: Ss can summarize the sentence patterns of relative clause. Emotional objectives: Ss could be able to discover detail and unique information of people and things around themThinking quality objectives: Ss can work out the sentence patterns by reading and summarizing.
学习重点 Ss can use relative clause properly in their communication
学习难点 Ss can master the usage of relative clause correctly
Words and expressions
1. process n. ____________ v. ______________
在做…的过程中 _______________ 正在进行中______________
把…加工成…____________
2. forgive v. ___________ -_____________ n. 原谅，宽恕
原谅…做… ____________
3. summary n. _____________ -_____________ v. 总结
总的来说_________________
4. entrance n. _____________ 反义词：____________
…的入口 ________________
Language focus
Key sentences
1. It is said that it’s a mirror that can tell right from wrong!
It在句子中作____________, 第一个that 引导的是_______从句，第二个that 引导的是_________从句，先行词为_________.
It is said that： 据说…， 这个句式可以用sth./sb. is said to do /to be done/ having done 来表示。
拓展：
1) it is reported that…据报道称…
2）It is thought that…有人认为…
3) It is believed that… 人们相信
4) It is announced that… 据宣布
5) It is well-known that… 众所周知的是…
6) It is generally accepted that… 人们普遍认为…
一、单项选择
1. The news reports are about the people _________ life was badly affected by the droughts.
A. which B. who C. that D. whose
2. When he woke up he found himself on an island _________ was completely cut off from the outside world.
A. which B. who C. where D. it
3. _______ is known to us, human beings can live without fresh water.
A. Which B. That C. What D. As
4. One afternoon _________ I was at the beach, I came across an old friend ________ I haven’t seen for years.
A. when; that B. that; who C. when; which D. that; that
5. The flight ________ is about to take off is for Beijing.
A. who B. when C. which D. where
6. I still remember the sitting room _________ my mother and I used to sit in the evening.
A. when B. where C. which D. that
7. His parents didn’t allow him marry anyone _________ family was poor.
A. who B. that C. whose D. which
8. Do you still remember the night _________ I came to your house and left behind a book
A. when B. that C. which D. then
9. Do you remember the time _________ is unforgettable __________ all of us often go hiking in the mountains
A. when; when B. that; when C. when; that D. that; that
10. The first book ______I would like to read is Red Star Over China, _______ is a famous book about how China stands up.
A. which, that B. that, that C. which, which D. that, which
二、单句语法填空
1. The study suggests that the cultures we grow up in influence the basic processes by _________ we see the world around us.
2. Let’s discuss only such questions __________ everyone in this room.
3. The well-known write, _______ is from America, is going to deliver a speech in the city hall next week.
4. We are at the age ________dreams have the best chance to come true.
5. Do you know the reason _________ he was in tears when hearing the song
6. As soon as he saw his parents, he told them about the games and the friends __________ amused him in the kindergarten.
7. I believe that he had told us all _______ he knew about the issue.
8. This app, _______ the developer claimed, is able to help people know more about the Mount Tai.
9. The village is hiding in the mountains, on foot is the only way to get there, _________ is how we arrived.
10. Please drop us a call if you have any clues ________ are related to the accident.
三、阅读理解
A
China’s new policy of allowing couples to have three children (replacing the previous limit of two) is an attempt to respond to ageing population concerns and a slowing birth rate. But the policy’s implications for working women and their families mean few will welcome the change with open arms.
Population ageing is a significant concern in China. According to the latest national census in November 2020 ( http: / / www.stats. / english / PressRelease / 202105 / t20210510_1817185.html ), the number of people in the country aged 60 and above has reached 260 million – or 18.7% of the population. By 2050, this number is expected to increase to 500 million.
While improved living standards have increased life expectancy, the state’s family planning policy – the “one-child policy” – has contributed most to the ageing trend. This policy was formally introduced in 1979 in response to concerns that uncontrolled population growth would jeopardize (危害) economic development and modernization, and was strictly and effectively implemented in urban areas through workplace fines and other punitive (惩罚性的) measures.
Almost four decades on, the first generation of one-child policy children have now become parents themselves, placing on their shoulders the responsibility of potentially each having to support two parents and four grandparents. To address this inverse (相反的，倒转的) population pyramid, the state ended the one-child policy in 2015, introducing a national two-child policy in its place.
But few couples opted for a second child, given the inadequate childcare and increased family living costs in big cities like Beijing and Shanghai. Social media discussions ( https: / / www. / zh / %E5%AE%81%E8%BA%BA%E5%B9%B3%E4%B9%9F%E4%B8%8D%E7%94%9F%E4%B8%89%E5%AD%A9-%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%A5%B3%E6%80%A7%E5%88%AB%E5%BD%93%E6%88%91%E4%BB%AC%E6%98%AF%E7%8C%AA / a-57734771 ) among women commented on how unfairly the new policy initiative would affect their employment and family life, given that childcare remains a woman’s job in China. Only a very small minority were hopeful that implementation of the three-child policy would lead the state to improve housing, education, medical and old-age care facilities ( https: / / / china / gncj / 2021-05-31 / doc-ikmyaawc8621480.shtml ).
Having three children will have gendered and generational consequences. Gender discrimination is deeply institutionalised ( https: / / www. / gp / book / 9781137505743 ) in the Chinese labour market. When asked if they planned to have a second child, some women interviewees acknowledged that their employers’ unwillingness to bear the costs of their reproductive decisions made it difficult to decide. Unless gender discrimination in the labour market is addressed systematically, choosing to have three children will have a detrimental (有害的) effect on women’s employment trajectory.
1. Why Chinese government implicates the policy of allowing couples to have three children
A. The population of the country is decreasing.
B. The country’s population aging problem is getting more serious.
C. There are too much job vacancy in the country.
D. People in the country have strong willing to have three children.
2. What’s the main cause of the country’s population aging
A. The implementation of “one-child policy”.
B. “Two child policy” has replaced “one-child policy”.
C. People want to improve their living standards.
D. People in China prefer to have boy babies rather than girl babies.
3. What’s the meaning of the underlined word in the third paragraph
A. 好处 B. 解雇 C. 罚款 D. 健康的
4. What’s people’s attitude towards the new policy according to the passage
A. All of the people in the country are supportive.
B. The men think the policy would address many pressures on their works.
C. The women think the policy have negative effects on their career.
D. Most employers would love their female employees to have three children.
5. What’s is the best title for the article
A. “One-child-policy” caused heavy burdens on people
B. “Three-child policy” might not be welcomed in China
C. Population problems in China and the solutions
D. People in China celebrates the “three-child policy”
四、七选五
The Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. 1. ______________ The arrival of Grain in Ear signifies the ripening (成熟) of crops such as barley and wheat. It is also a busy period for farmers. The solar terms were created thousands of years ago to guide agricultural production. The culture remains useful today to guide people's lives through special foods, cultural ceremonies and healthy living tips that correspond with each term.
The following are several things you need to know about Grain in Ear.
An increase in rainfall
Rainfall increases during Grain in Ear compared to the previous eight solar terms. Plum Rains, often occurring during June and July, refer to the long period of continuous rainy or cloudy weather. This happens to be the time for plums to ripen, which explains the origin of its name. Plum Rains is a good period for growing rice, vegetables and fruits.
Pray for good harvest
Every year when Grain in Ear comes, people hold the sacrificial ceremony to pray for good harvests in the fall. People make different types of bread from wheat flour and color them with vegetable juice. 2. _____________
Say farewell to the flora
In ancient China, on the second day of the second lunar month, people welcome the arrival of the Flower Goddess. 3. ________________ Today, this custom does not exist in many areas of China.
4. ___________________
The weather is hot during the Grain in Ear period, therefore vegetables and fruits of a cool nature are recommended. 5. ________________It contains a lot of natural and nourishing water. It's also said to have healing properties which are good for patients suffering from high blood pressure or high blood sugar.
Other recommendations include tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplant, celery, asparagus, water melon and strawberry. They are all cool-natured and can help eliminate heat in the body and promote digestion.
A. During Grain in Ear people hold sacrificial ceremonies to bid farewell to the flora and show their gratitude.
B. The balsam pear (苦瓜) is a classic choice.
C. The bread is used as a sacrificial offering to pray for a good harvest and people's safety.
D. When the flowers die away, Grain in Ear some and people start to celebrate the coming of summer.
E. Grain in Ear, the 9th solar term, usually falls in June and lasts for about 15 days.
F. Eat fruits and vegetables with cool nature
G. Have light food with less fats
参考答案
Words and expressions
1. 过程，步骤，进程；加工，处理
In the process of doing sth.; be in process; process sth. into
2. 原谅，宽恕； forgiveness; forgive sb. for (doing) sth.
3. 总结，小结； summarize; in summary
4. 入口；exit; entrance to
Language focus
1. 名词 2. 代词 3. Who/that 4. Which/that 5. Whom/that 6. Which/that 7. Whose 8. When 9. Where 10. Why 11. Which
Key sentences
1. 形式主语；主语从句；定语从句； a mirror
单项选择
1-5 DADAC 6-10 BCABD
单句语法填空
1. which 2. that 3. who 4. when 5. why 6. that 7. that 8. as 9. which 10. that
阅读理解
1-5 BACCB
七选五
1-5 ECAFB
知识梳理
同步训练
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Unit 1
Cultural Heritage
Period 3
Discovering useful structures
新人教版（2019） 必修二
Revision
turn to sb. for help ___________________
take down __________________
piece by piece __________________
put together __________________
be safe from __________________
work well __________________
tell A from B__________________
forgive sb. for sth. __________________
向某人求助
记下，写下
逐渐地；一块一块地
放到一起
免受…伤害
进展良好
分辨，辨别
原谅某人
Revision
The whole street __________ (抗议) the new parking regulations.
The granny lost her ________(平衡) and fell.
It is the duty of the police to __________(保护) public order.
The police pressed on with the ___________ (调查).
The rays of the late sun slanted in streams through the __________(松柏) trees.
Fifteen scientists were gathered to discuss about the __________ (提议).
The two countries have ___________ (建立)close relations.
Perseverance and determination ____________ greatly to one's success.
毅力和决心是成功的关键。
protested
balance
preserve
investigation
cypress
proposal
established
contribute
Vocabulary
process /‘pr ses/ n. 步骤，过程，进程
v. 处理，加工
in the process of doing sth. 在做…过程中
be in process …正在进行中
process sth. into … 把…加工成…
processed adj. 经过加工的
Vocabulary
2. forgive /f ‘g v/ v. 原谅，宽恕
forgive sb. for sth. 因…原谅…
forgive and forget 不念旧恶，不记仇
forgiveness n. 原谅，宽恕
Vocabulary
3. summary /‘s m( )r / n. 概述，概要
in summary 总的来说
summarize / s m raiz/ v. 总结
Vocabulary
4. download / daun l ud/ v. 下载
upload v. 上传
Vocabulary
5. entrance /‘entr( )ns/ n. 入口，进入
entrance to… …的入口
enter v. 进入
exit n. 出口
emergency exit 紧急出口
入口
summary
download
forgive
process
提议
原谅
平衡
contribute
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
巩固练习：词义理解
Vocabulary
Use the correct forms of the words to fill in the blanks.
They blocked the ____________ (入口) with big stones.
Mike usually __________ (下载) music from the internet.
If you ___________ (summary) the information, you will get the following.
The whole___________ (过程) process started all over again.
He begged her ____________ (forgive) for his mistake.
entrance
download
summarize
process
forgiveness
presentation
Read the sentences below and underline the relative pronouns and adverbs.
After listening to the scientist who had studied the problem, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turn to the United Nations for help.
Temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece, and then moved and pit back together again in a place where they were safe from the water.
relative pronouns
relative adverbs
Can you find more sentences like this
presentation
1. After listening to the scientist who had studied the problem, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turn to the United Nations for help.
Work out the patterns
指人
指人
主语
主语
先行词指代人，且在定语从句中作主语时，可使用关系代词 ________ 或者__________。
who
that
presentation
2. Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics that were an important part of Egypt’s cultural heritage.
3. Perhaps the best example is shown by UNESCO, which runs a programme that prevents world cultural heritage sites around the world from disappearing.
Work out the patterns
指物
主语
先行词指代人，且在定语从句中作主语时，可使用关系代词 ________ 或者__________。
which
that
presentation
3. Do you still remember the notebook that/which we bought at the newspaper stands along the street.
Work out the patterns
指物
宾语
先行词指代物，且在定语从句中作宾语时，可使用关系代词 ________ 或者__________, 可以省略。
which
that
presentation
4. Do you remember the women that/whom we meet at the graduation party
Work out the patterns
指人
宾语
先行词指代物，且在定语从句中作宾语时，可使用关系代词 ________ 或者__________，可以省略。
which
that
presentation
5. There comes a time when the old must give way to the new.
Work out the patterns
时间状语
先行词在定语从句中作时间状语时，可使用关系副词 ________。
先行词在定语从句中作时间状语时，可使用关系副词 ________。
when
6. Temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece, and then moved and put back together again in a place where they were safe from the water.
地点状语
where
presentation
Work out the patterns
先行词在定语从句中作定语时，可使用关系副词 ________。
whose
7. I live next door to a couple whose children often make a lot of noise.
地点状语
presentation
Work out the patterns
先行词在定语从句中作为动词的宾语时，将介词提前至关系词前，构成介词+关系代词的结构，相当于关系副词。
8. He is the man on whom you can rely.
9. This is the small village in which I spent my teenage life.
作状语
presentation
relative clause-related concepts
relative clause (定语从句)： 用于修饰名词或者代词的句子
head noun先行词：被定语从句修饰的词（有时是短语或者句子）
关系词： 用来引导定语从句的连接词
关系词分类：1）关系代词 who, which, that, whom, whose
2）关系副词 when, where, why
presentation
关系词的运用
用法 作主语 作宾语 作定语
指人 who/that whom/that/省 whose
指物 which/that which/that/省 whose
人+物 that that/省 whose
presentation
用适当的关系词填空。
I am sure she has something ________ you can learn from.
All the books _______ Bob has just bought will be donated to the children.
This is the first book __________ he has read.
This is the very book __________ belongs to him.
They talked about the schools and teachers _________they had visited.
Who is the man __________ is standing there
that
that
that
that
that
that
What do these sentences have in common
presentation
relative clause (定语从句)关系词只能用that 不可用which的情况：
先行词为不定代词：all, few, many, much, little, everything, something, anything, nothing 等
先行词被不定代词all, few, any, much, little 等修饰
先行词被最高级或者序数词修饰
先行词被the only, the very, the right, the just 等修饰
先行词指人又指物时
主句是以which/who开头的特殊疑问句
presentation
relative clause (定语从句)关系词只能用which 不可用that的情况：
1. 引导非限制性定语从句
Football, which is a very interesting game, is popular all over the world.
2. 关系代词之前有介词的。
This is the house in which he once lived.
Practice
Rewrite the sentences using relative clauses.
He showed me a photo in his room. It was a photo of a famous cultural relics in Egypt.
________________________________________________________
2.The project team helped protect the national parts in the United Republic of Tanzania. It was formed by members from fifteen countries.
______________________________________________________________
3. This temple was first built during the Qin Dynasty.
______________________________________________________________
The photo that he showed me in his room was a photo of a famous cultural relics in Egypt.
The project team that was formed by members from fifteen countries helped protect the national parts in the United Republic of Tanzania.
The time when the temple was first built was during Qin Dynasty.
Tips:
明确主句和从句
找到先行词，明确其在主句中的功能
根据先行词及关系词在从句中的功能，选择恰当的关系词
Practice
Rewrite the sentences using relative clauses.
4. We met a professional archaeologist at the entrance to the great Pyramid. He explained to us the process of building such a difficult structure.
________________________________________________________
5. The documents about the cultural relics from overseas are under the desk. I found them yesterday.
______________________________________________________________
6. Scientists worked together day and night to rescue the temple because they wanted to preserve it for the next generation.
______________________________________________________________
The professional archaeologist that we met at the entrance to the great Pyramid explained to us the process of building such a difficult structure.
The place where I found the documents about the cultural relics from overseas is under the desk.
The reason why scientists worked together day and night to rescue the temple is that they wanted to preserve it for the next generation.
Practice
Read the six sentences you have written, and think about:
What is the head noun
What is the function of the head noun in the main clause
What relative pronoun or adverb should be used
What is the function of the relative pronoun or adverb in the relative clause
practice
用适当的关系代词/副词填空
I have taken with me the two books __________you asked me to return to the library.
The dogs were well trained by their owners__________ had great experience with caring for these animals.
He lives in the room __________ windows face the south.
Do you know the man ______________ we met at the hotel
We will put off the meeting until next week, ________ the weather may be better.
which/that
who/that
whose
who/that/whom
when
practice
用适当的关系代词/副词填空
6. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Program, one of ________ purpose is to relieve worldwide starvation.
7. The old man has two daughters, both of ________ work as teachers.
8. Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognize their own strength.
9. I grew up in a small village __________ everybody is nice and kind.
10. One afternoon __________ I was in primary school, I was shocked by the earthquake.
whose
whom
who
where
when
Practice
Complete the sentences
The first place _______ ________ _________ (他们参观的) in Beijing was the Great Wall.
I will never forget the day _______ _________ _______ _________ _________. (我入党的时候)
I am looking for a book _______ ________ _______ ________. (封面是蓝色的)
I don’t know the reason ______ _______ _______ ________ .(为什么他不开心)
Can you provide the clue for me ______ ______ _____________ (你提到的)the other day
where they visit
when I joined the party
whose cover is blue
why he is upset
that you mentioned
Practice
高考抢先看
【2011全国卷 I 】The prize will go to the writer _________ story shows the most imagination.
that B. which C. whose D. what
2.【 2020江苏】Many lessons are now available online, from __________ students can choose for free.
whose B. which C. when D. whom
3. 【2020天津高考真题】Dr. Rowan, __________ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing.
A. whose B. of whom C. of which D. which
Practice
高考抢先看
4. 【2020新课标Ⅲ卷】 In ancient China lived an artist __________ 61 paintings were almost lifelike.
5.【2019天津卷】Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual words but not full sentences.
why B. where C. which D. what
6. 【2019·北京卷·语法填空】What students do at college seems to matter much more than___8___ they go.
whose
where
Practice
Tips:
虽然关系代词who 和that 都可指人，which 和that 都可指物，但是which 比that 和who更常用语正式文体中。在使用时应注意语体运用的区别。
Production
Work in pairs and play a game of definitions. One ask the question below and the other answers them with relative clauses.
Example:
A: What is an exit
B: An exit is the door where/ through which you can leave a building.
What is a library (from/in which/ where)
What’s a good friend (to whom/who)
What’s a vacation (during which/when)
What’s a football coach (from whom/who)
Summary
In this lesson, we have learnt:
What is relative clause
What are relative pronouns and relative adverbs？
How to choose proper relative pronoun/adverbs in a relative clause？
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