(共44张PPT)
必修三 Unit 4
Space Exploration (5)
高一年级 英语
Lesson 5 Talk about life in space
Listening and Talking
Before you listen, look at the pictures below and guess whether they would be useful for astronauts in space.
Are they useful for astronauts in space
soap towel guitar shower
microwave pen tape tissue
Can it be easily carried to space
Can it be easily used in space
Are there other alternatives to these items which might be more practical If so, what are they
Are they useful for astronauts in space
Astronauts need soaps and towels to keep
themselves clean.
Are they useful for astronauts in space
It is useful for the astronaut who likes playing
the guitar.
Are they useful for astronauts in space
It is not useful because water cannot be used in the weightless environment of space.
Are they useful for astronauts in space
A microwave oven is useful but heavy. It cannot be easily carried to space. However, the microwave oven has been installed in Shenzhou 9.
Are they useful for astronauts in space
Pens are useful but the pens astronauts use in space are specially-made.
Are they useful for astronauts in space
Tapes and tissue are light and do not take up much space. Neither of them can cause a mess which is difficult to clean up.
If you had a chance to interview an astronaut about the life in space, what questions do you want to ask
What do they eat
How do they keep themselves clean
How do they sleep
life in space
food preparation
clothes
work
free time
the favourite thing
keeping clean
What aspects of the life in space do we know about after listening to the interview
Listen to the interview and answer the questions.
How did he prepare his food in space
How did he keep himself clean in space
How did he spend most of his time in space
What did he do during his free time
What did he look forward to most during his stay in space
What did Captain Brown usually wear inside the station
He wore shorts and a T-shirt.
Captain Brown: I’ve gotten used to floating around just wearing shorts and a T-shirt.
Listen to the interview and answer the questions.
What did Captain Brown usually wear inside the station
How did he prepare his food in space
The food was prepared and stored for him. He just had to
heat the food and enjoyed it.
Captain Brown: We don’t have to cook in space. We choose what we want to eat before we go to space, and then the food is prepared and stored for us. We just have to heat the
food and enjoy it.
Listen to the interview and answer the questions.
3. How did he keep himself clean in space
He used a soapy towel to wash.
Listen to the interview and answer the questions.
Captain Brown: Oh, we use a soapy towel to wash. And we brush our teeth the same way as we do on Earth. But astronauts usually swallow their toothpaste.
4. How did he spend most of his time in space
He was often busy doing different experiments.
Listen to the interview and answer the questions.
Captain Brown: I was usually busy doing different experiments.
5. What did he do during his free time
He played the guitar and chess when he got time off.
Captain Brown: Yes. When I was free, I played the guitar. That’s right—I took my guitar with me. I also play chess.
Listen to the interview and answer the questions.
6. What did he look forward to most during his stay in space
He looked forward to having a weekly video call with his family most.
Listen to the interview and answer the questions.
Captain Brown: My favourite thing to do, though, was to have my
weekly video call with my family.
get used to doing
the same way as
be busy doing
get time off
look forward to doing
Talking about life in space:
What do you know about the astronaut’s life in space
life in space
food preparation
clothes
work
free time
the favourite thing
keeping clean
Interviewer: Hello, Captain Brown. You’re back on Earth now. Are you happy to be back
Captain Brown: Well, yes and no. It’s great to see my family again, but I also miss the International Space Station. I’ve gotten used to floating around just wearing shorts and a T-shirt.
Read after the recording and pay attention to the questions.
Interviewer: So let me ask about the space station. Was eating in space difficult
Captain Brown: Not really. We don’t have to cook in space. We choose what we want to eat before we go to space, and then the food is prepared and stored for us. We just have to heat the food and enjoy it.
Interviewer: Cool. Well, I know astronauts cannot shower in space since the water would float away, so I’d love to know how you keep yourselves clean.
Captain Brown: Oh, we use a soapy towel to wash. And we brush our teeth the same way as we do on Earth. But astronauts usually swallow their toothpaste.
Interviewer: Gosh, I hope it tasted good! So how long did you stay in space during your last mission
Captain Brown: I was there for more than five months.
Interviewer: Wow! So what kind of work did you do up there
Captain Brown: I was usually busy doing different experiments.
Interviewer: Did you have any free time Do astronauts get time off
Captain Brown: Yes. When I was free, I played the guitar. That’s right—I took my guitar with me. I also play chess. My favourite thing to do, though, was to have my weekly video call with my family.
Are you happy to be back
So let me ask about the space station.
Was eating in space difficult
I’d love to know how you keep yourselves clean.
So how long did you stay in space during your last mission
So what kind of work did you do up there
Did you have any free time Do astronauts get time off
Questions:
Are you happy to be back
Was eating in space difficult
So how long did you stay in space during your last mission
So what kind of work did you do up there
Did you have any free time
Do astronauts get time off
Questions:
Direct questions
Indirect questions
Could you tell me how long you stay in space during your last mission
Questions:
Could you tell me…
Do you have any idea…
So let me ask about the space station.
I’d love to know how you keep yourselves clean.
Questions:
Statements of curiosity
Expressing curiosity
I’d love to know…
Well, I’d really like to find out…
I’m most curious about…
I’m very keen to know…
I hope you won’t mind me asking about…
I wonder how/what/why/…
I’d particular like to know…
I’m most interested to discover…
I wish to know…
What do you know about the astronaut’s life in space
life in space
food preparation
clothes
work
free time
the favourite thing
keeping clean
What do you want to know about the astronaut’s life
life in space
living
research
food
differences
feelings
special training
Imagine you are going to a space camp and Captain Brown has been invited to give a talk. Think about the questions you would like to ask him and then make a list.
What are the facilities that support their daily life
How do astronauts sleep
How do they get exercise on space
Expressing curiosity
I’d love to know…
Well, I’d really like to find out…
I’m most curious about…
I’m very keen to know…
I hope you won’t mind me asking about…
I wonder how/what/why/…
I’d particular like to know…
I’m most interested to discover…
I wish to know…
Direct questions
What are the facilities that support their daily life
How do astronauts sleep
How do they get exercise on space
I’m very keen to know what the facilities that support their daily life are.
I’m most curious to know whether astronauts sleep or not.
I wonder how they get exercise on space.
Statements of curiosity
Think about the questions you would like to ask him and then make a conversation.
A: Hey, guys. We’re going to meet a real astronaut. Isn’t it exciting
B: Yeah. I can’t wait to see Captain Brown! I’m really curious about his life in space. I have plenty of questions to ask him.
C: Such as
B: Oh, such as “What facilities do they have in space to support their daily life ”
Sample conversation:
C: That sounds like a good question. But I’d also like to know about how astronauts sleep. What do they do so as not to float around while they sleep
A: I wonder how they get exercise on space—it’s not like they can go out jogging.
C: I’d never thought of that. But then, after they exercise, I’m very keen to find out how they wash their clothes.
B: Never mind that. I’d really like to find out how women astronauts wash their hair.
A: But we’re forgetting the most important question of all, aren’t we
C: And what’s that
A: Well, I’d really like to find out what they do when they meet aliens.
life in space
food preparation
clothes
work
free time
the favourite thing
keeping clean
An interview
Expressing curiosity
I’d love to know…
Well, I’d really like to find out…
I’m most curious about…
I’m very keen to know…
I hope you won’t mind me asking about…
I wonder how/what/why/…
I’d particular like to know…
I’m most interested to discover…
I wish to know…
Homework
Read the listening material aloud.
Introduce what questions you would like to ask the astronaut and explain the reasons.(共62张PPT)
必修三 Unit 4
Space Exploration (1)
高一年级 英语
Lesson 1 Listening and Speaking
Talk about how to
become an astronaut
At this class, you will be able to
Learning objectives
1. summarize how Yang Liwei was chosen to be an astronaut and how astronauts are selected;
2. talk about whether you would like to be an astronaut.
Look and Think
1. Who are they
2. What are their jobs
Astronauts (宇航员).
Yang Liwei
Liu Yang
Can you name any famous astronauts from China or abroad
Yang Liwei
Liu Yang
Zhai Zhigang
Yuri Gagarin
Neil Armstrong
Valentina Tereshkova
Think and Talk
Do you know anything about the selection procedure (步骤) for astronauts Make a list of possible requirements.
be a fighter pilot;
have flight experience;
use space equipment;
do a lot of mental and physical training;
…
Think and Talk
精神的；思想的
Listen to the interview and tick the correct statements.
1. The audience is curious about how Yang Liwei became the first Chinese astronaut.
2. Mr Yang always believed that he would become an astronaut one day.
3. Mr Yang was selected to attend pilot training
with 13 other people.
Listen and Tick
Listen to the interview and tick the correct statements.
4. To become an astronaut in China, you have to have 1,350 hours of flying experience.
5. Astronauts not only had to learn how to use space equipment, but also had to do a lot of mental and physical training.
Listen and Tick
Listen to the interview and tick the correct statements.
1. The audience is curious about how Yang Liwei became the first Chinese astronaut.
2. Mr Yang always believed that he would become an astronaut one day.
3. Mr Yang was selected to attend pilot training
with 13 other people.
Listen and Tick
Listen to the interview and tick the correct statements.
4. To become an astronaut in China, you have to have 1,350 hours of flying experience.
5. Astronauts not only had to learn how to use space equipment, but also had to do a lot of mental and physical training.
Listen and Tick
Listen to the interview and tick the correct statements.
Listen and Tick
Listen to the interview and tick the correct statements.
1. The audience is curious about how Yang Liwei became the first Chinese astronaut.
2. Mr Yang always believed that he would become an astronaut one day.
3. Mr Yang was selected to attend pilot training with 13 other people.
Listen and Tick
Listen to the interview and tick the correct statements.
4. To become an astronaut in China, you have to have 1,350 hours of flying experience.
5. Astronauts not only had to learn how to use space equipment, but also had to do a lot of mental and physical training.
Listen and Tick
Listen to the specific sentences and find out the differences.
2. Mr Yang always believed that he would become an astronaut one day.
Listen and Check
Mr Yang: Yes, I dreamt of it when I was young, but I never thought my wish would come true.
Listen to the specific sentences and find out the differences.
4. To become an astronaut in China, you have to have 1,350 hours of flying experience.
Listen and Check
Mr Yang: Sure, I had 1,350 hours of flight experience, which I think really helped me.
Listen again and fill in the blanks with the correct numbers.
Listen and Write
Study the strategies of listening for numbers.
Time, telephone numbers, addresses, prices, weights, distances, etc;
Listen and Write
10 years
38 years old
kg = kilogram
cm = centimetre km = kilometre
Study the strategies of listening for numbers.
Time, telephone numbers, addresses, prices, weights, distances, etc;
Big numbers, numbers similar in pronunciation.
Listen and Write
thirteen and thirty
fourteen and forty
Discover related information or quantifier of each sentence.
1. Yang Liwei graduated from college at the age of .
2. Before he joined China’s space programme, Mr Yang trained as a fighter pilot for years.
3. Mr Yang was one of the pilots who were chosen to train for space flights.
Listen and Write
Discover related information or quantifier of each sentence.
4. At the time when Mr Yang entered the space programme, astronauts had to be shorter than cm in height and less than kg in weight.
5. Mr Yang became China’s first astronaut when he was years old.
Listen and Write
Ask questions according to related information or quantifier(s) in each sentence.
1. At what age did Yang Liwei graduate from college
2. How many years did Mr Yang train as a fighter pilot before he joined the programme
3. How many pilots were chosen to train for space flights
Listen and Write
Ask questions according to related information or quantifier(s) in each sentence.
4. How tall and how heavy should astronauts be at that time
5. At what age did Mr Yang become China’s first astronaut
Listen and Write
Listen again and fill in the blanks with the correct numbers.
Listen and Write
Listen again and fill in the blanks with the correct numbers.
1. Yang Liwei graduated from college at the age of .
2. Before he joined China’s space programme, Mr Yang trained as a fighter pilot for years.
3. Mr Yang was one of the pilots who were chosen to train for space flights.
Listen and Write
22
10
14
Listen again and fill in the blanks with the correct numbers.
4. At the time when Mr Yang entered the space programme, astronauts had to be shorter than cm in height and less than kg in weight.
5. Mr Yang became China’s first astronaut when he was years old.
Listen and Write
172
70
38
Listen again and make a list of the requirements for becoming an astronaut.
Education background:
Experience:
Health condition:
Courses:
Special training:
Listen and Write
Study the strategies of listening for summary.
Recall;
Take notes.
Listen and Write
Recall some topic words and phrases based on what you have acquired so far.
Education background: college degree
Experience: a pilot, flight experience
Health condition: healthy, shape
Courses: English, science and astronomy
Special training: mental and physical training
Listen and Write
Study the strategies of taking notes.
简写；
不完全记录。
Listen and Write
Listen again and make a list of the requirements for becoming an astronaut.
Education background:
Experience:
Health condition:
Courses:
Special training:
Listen and Write
Education background: college degree, trained to be a fighter pilot
Experience: more than 1,000 hours of flight experience
Health condition: must be in perfect health and shape
Courses: English, science and astronomy
Special training: practise using space equipment and do a lot of mental and physical training
Listen and Write
Education background: college degree, trained to be a fighter pilot
Listen and Write
First, I got my college degree when I was 22, and then I worked as a fighter pilot for around 10 years.
Experience: more than 1,000 hours of flight experience
Listen and Write
Mr Yang: Sure, I had 1,350 hours of flight experience, which I think really helped me.
Health condition: must be in perfect health and shape
Listen and Write
Mr Yang: Yes, at the time, you had to be shorter than 172 centimetres in height and weigh less than 70 kilograms. You also had to be in perfect health and perfect shape.
Courses: English, science and astronomy
Listen and Write
Mr Yang: Yes, I had to learn English, science and astronomy. I also had to practise using space equipment, and do a lot of mental and physical training. It was very tiring, but I was so proud to have the opportunity.
Special training: practise using space equipment and do a lot of mental and physical training
Listen and Write
Mr Yang: Yes, I had to learn English, science and astronomy. I also had to practise using space equipment, and do a lot of mental and physical training. It was very tiring, but I was so proud to have the opportunity.
Share your opinions about being an astronaut.
1. What kind of person must an astronaut be
2. Would you like to be an astronaut Why or why not
Think and Share
Share your opinions about being an astronaut.
1. What kind of person must an astronaut be
Think and Share
Mr Yang: Yes, I dreamt of it when I was young, but I never thought my wish would come true. It took a long time. First, I got my college degree when I was 22, and then I worked as a fighter pilot for around 10 years, I finally became China’s first astronaut when I was 38 years old.
Think and Share
persistent …
Mr Yang: Yes, I dreamt of it when I was young, but I never thought my wish would come true. It took a long time. First, I got my college degree when I was 22, and then I worked as a fighter pilot for around 10 years, I finally became China’s first astronaut when I was 38 years old.
Think and Share
intelligent
Interviewer: Oh, so you must be a really experienced pilot. Do you think that was one of the reasons why you were chosen for the space programme
Mr Yang: Sure, I had 1,350 hours of flight experience, which I think really helped me.
Think and Share
experienced
Mr Yang: Yes, at the time, you had to be shorter than 172 centimetres in height and weigh less than 70 kilograms. You also had to be in perfect health and perfect shape.
Interviewer: So you were the perfect choice! As we all know, an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm in order to work in space. But you also had to study a lot, too, right
Think and Share
healthy and calm
Mr Yang: Yes, I had to learn English, science, and astronomy. I also had to practise using space equipment, and do a lot of mental and physical training. It was very tiring, but I was so proud to have the opportunity.
Think and Share
elite
be mentally and physically fit
What kind of person must an astronaut be
Persistent;
Intelligent;
Experienced;
Healthy and calm;
Elite and be mentally and physically fit;
…
Think and Share
Share your opinions about being an astronaut.
2. Would you like to be an astronaut Why or why not
Think and Share
Share your opinions about being an astronaut.
I would like to be an astronaut, because I think I am a … person, even though I think it might be too difficult for me. But I am sure I can … to be an astronaut.
I wouldn’t like to be an astronaut, because I think I am not a … person, and it must be too difficult for me. But I am sure I can learn to be more …
Think and Share
Prepare an interview after class with your friends. Discuss whether you would like to be an astronaut in the future and give your reasons. Use what you have learnt from the interview to help you.
1. How does the host start the interview
2. What questions does the host ask
3. What expressions does the host use
Speak and Share
1. How does the host start the interview
Speak and Share
Interviewer: Today we are very pleased to chat with Mr Yang Liwei, the first Chinese astronaut. Welcome to the show, Mr Yang.
Speak and Share
Introduction;
Interviewer: Today we are very pleased to chat with Mr Yang Liwei, the first Chinese astronaut. Welcome to the show, Mr Yang.
Speak and Share
Introduction;
Welcome.
1. How does the host start the interview
Introduction;
Welcome.
Speak and Share
2. What questions does the host ask
Speak and Share
Interviewer: Mr Yang, our audience is very curious about how you succeeded in becoming China’s first astronaut. It must have been a very difficult thing to achieve. Did you always want to be an astronaut
Speak and Share
To know the guest’s background;
Interviewer: Oh, so you must be a really experienced pilot. Do you think that was one of the reasons why you were chosen for the space programme
Speak and Share
To know the guest’s experience;
Interviewer: So how difficult was it to join the space programme
Speak and Share
To focus on the topic of the interview;
Interviewer: That sounds really difficult. Did you also have to be a certain size and weight
Interviewer: So you were the perfect choice! … But you also had to study a lot, too, right
Speak and Share
To know the requirements to be an astronaut.
2. What questions does the host ask
Did you always want to be an astronaut
Do you think that was one of the reasons why you were chosen for the space programme
So how difficult was it to join the space programme
Did you also have to be a certain size and weight
But you also had to study a lot, too, right
Speak and Share
3. What expressions does the host use
Speak and Share
Interviewer: Today we are very pleased to chat with Mr Yang Liwei, the first Chinese astronaut. Welcome to the show, Mr Yang. Mr Yang: Thank you.
Interviewer: Mr Yang, our audience is very curious about how you succeeded in becoming China’s first astronaut. It must have been a very difficult thing to achieve. Did you always want to be an astronaut
Speak and Share
Interviewer: Oh, so you must be a really experienced pilot. Do you think that was one of the reasons why you were chosen for the space programme
…
Interviewer: So you were the perfect choice! As we all know, an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm in order to work in space. But you also had to study a lot, too, right
Speak and Share
3. What expressions does the host use
We are very pleased to …
Our audience is very curious about …
… must have been …
… must be …
You were the perfect choice!
Speak and Share
Homework
1. Finish the interview with your friends.
2. Read the poem on P39.(共55张PPT)
必修三 Unit 4
Space Exploration (3)
高一年级 英语
Lesson 3 Reading and Thinking (II)
Homes on Mars
Listen Reread
on Page 40-41 of the textbook
What is the passage about
Review
How to make a trip into space
After many experiments, they (some scientists) succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth’s gravity.
Read the passage on the worksheet when listening to the recording.
A VISIT TO THE MOON
A VISIT TO THE MOON
Read and think
What is the passage about
What type of writing is the passage
How did gravity change for Li Yanping and how did his weight change
A VISIT TO THE MOON
Last month I was lucky enough to have a chance to make a trip into space with my friend Li Yanping, an astronomer. We visited the moon in our spaceship!
Read and think
What is the passage about
Read and think
What is the passage about
The story imagines what it might be like if an astronaut visited the moon.
Before we left, Li Yanping explained to me that the force of gravity would change three times on our journey … Then we were off. As the rocket rose into the air, …
When we got there, I wanted to explore immediately...
Leaving the moon’s gravity was not as painful as leaving the earth’s. But returning to the earth was very frightening …
What type of writing is the passage
It’s a science fiction story.
Last month I was lucky enough to have a chance to make a trip into space with my friend Li Yanping, an astronomer. We visited the moon in our spaceship!
Read and think
Read and think
How did gravity change for Li Yanping and how did his weight change
Read and think
Before we left, Li Yanping explained to me that the force of gravity would change three times on our journey and that the first change would be the most powerful. Then we were off. As the rocket rose into the air, we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of the earth’s gravity. It was so hard that we could not say anything to each other. (Para.2)
Read and think
How did gravity change for Li Yanping and how did his weight change
1. The pull of gravity became very strong as he left the earth’s atmosphere. His weight is normal.
Read and think
… Gradually the weight lessened and I was able to talk to him. “Why is the spaceship not falling back to the earth On the earth if I fall from a tree I will fall to the ground.” I asked. “We are too far from the earth now to feel its pull,” he explained, “so we feel as if there is no gravity at all…” (Para.2)
Read and think
How did gravity change for Li Yanping and how did his weight change
1. The pull of gravity became very strong as he left the earth’s atmosphere. His weight is normal.
2. It disappeared when he was in space. He is weightless.
Read and think
… When we get closer to the moon, we shall feel its gravity pulling us, but it will not be as strong a pull as the earth’s.” I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth become smaller and the moon larger. (Para.2)
Read and think
How did gravity change for Li Yanping and how did his weight change
1. The pull of gravity became very strong as he left the earth’s atmosphere. His weight is normal.
2. It disappeared when he was in space. He is weightless.
3. It was very light on the moon. He weighs less than on the earth.
Read and discuss
Can you imagine what problems you might have on the trip in space or on the moon What should you do to overcome the difficulties
I might have a problem with stopping my food floating away. I would have to take all my food with me if I went to the moon. In the spaceship there is no gravity so the food would float around if it was solid.
Read and discuss
Can you imagine what problems you might have on the trip in space or on the moon What should you do to overcome the difficulties
So I would make sure that it is made as liquid space food. It could be put in a tube and then I would be able to eat it more easily. Perhaps I would use a straw to eat it.
... will not only enable us to understand how the universe began, but also help us survive well into the future.
Why do people explore space
Predict what a passage with this title may be about.
Maybe the passage is about whether it’s possible for humans to live on Mars.
Read the passage on the worksheet. Some sentences have been removed. Choose the correct sentence (A-D) to fill each gap.
Several sentences have been removed from it.
Choose the correct sentence (A-D) to fill each gap.
Review
Which sentences are general statements that could serve as topic sentences for paragraphs
Choose the correct sentence (A-D) to fill each gap.
Review
Which sentence contains a linking word which indicates that it is part of a list of details
3. Which sentence begins with a sequence word showing that it is probably a detail from the middle of a narrative
Choose the correct sentence (A-D) to fill each gap.
Review
Read to fill the gap
Cultural notes
Stephen Hawking was one of the most important among influential physicists of the 20th century. He helped lay the foundation for our modern understanding of the Big Bang Theory.
Cultural notes
Robert Zubrin is a rocket scientist from the USA. He is the author of numerous scientific papers and books, but is best known as one of the foremost proponents for colonising Mars, coming up with many potential solutions to the problems facing such a mission.
Read to fill the gap
C. Some of the world’s most important scientists think the idea of people living on Mars will come true one day.
Read to fill the gap
D. However, scientists will need to terraform Mars for people to be able to live.
Read to fill the gap
A. Another big concern for scientists is whether humans can move to Mars and still stay healthy in mind and body.
Read to fill the gap
B. Regardless, it seems that humans living on Mars may well happen a lot sooner than most people believe.
Read the text and answer the questions. (Ex.1/Page 82-83)
Read and think
1. What was Stephen Hawking’s viewpoint on sending humans to other planets to live
2. What does “terraforming” mean
3. According to the test done in Hawaii, what might be one of the biggest problems for the first humans living on Mars What might be the solution
4. What is the writer’s conclusion about living on Mars
Check the answers
1. What was Stephen Hawking’s viewpoint on sending humans to other planets to live
He believed humans must move into space to survive.
2. What does “terraforming” mean
Terraforming means changing the environment on a planet so that it is similar to Earth’s.
Check the answers
3. According to the test done in Hawaii, what might be one of the biggest problems for the first humans living on Mars What might be the solution
One of the biggest issues was feeling bored. Humans on Mars would always need to keep themselves busy with various activities.
Check the answers
4. What is the writer’s conclusion about living on Mars
It seems that humans living on Mars may well happen a lot sooner than most people believe.
Check the answers
Look at the sentences taken from the text and explain the italicised parts in your own words.
1. Robert Zubrin, a rocket scientist, agrees and thinks starting with Mars makes the most sense.
2. As a test, six people lived in a Mars-like environment in Hawaii for a year …
3. However, many experts think the project’s cost of US$6 billion is too low for it to be successful.
Look at the sentences taken from the text and explain the italicised parts in your own words.
1. Robert Zubrin, a rocket scientist, agrees and thinks starting with Mars makes the most sense.
is the most logical and practical
Look at the sentences taken from the text and explain the italicised parts in your own words.
2. As a test, six people lived in a Mars-like environment in Hawaii for a year …
a place similar to Mars
Look at the sentences taken from the text and explain the italicised parts in your own words.
3. However, many experts think the project’s cost of US$6 billion is too low for it to be successful.
the budget of US$ 6 billion is not high enough for the plan to work
What do you think about what Stephen Hawking said in Paragraph 1
… Stephen Hawking believed humans must move into space to survive. “Once we spread out into space and establish independent colonies, our future should be safe,” he said… (Para.1)
Some people, such as Stephen Hawking, believe that because of war, pollution, climate change, or overcrowding, the Earth will at some point no longer be able to support human life, and as a result, the human race will become extinct. To such people, the only hope for the future of the human race is colonising space.
What do you think about what Stephen Hawking said in Paragraph 1
I disagree with this, because I think that both the Earth and people are stronger and more resilient than this. We will find solutions to our problems here on Earth before colonising space will become necessary.
What do you think about what Stephen Hawking said in Paragraph 1
the development and difficulties of space exploration
What is it like to travel in space
Is it possible for humans to live on Mars
Write an essay that gives your opinion about the idea of humans living on Mars. In your essay, make sure to answer the following questions in detail. (Ex.4/Page 83)
Do you think this will happen in the future If yes, when and why If no, why not
What do you think are the main advantages and disadvantages of humans living on Mars
Write an essay that gives your opinion about the idea of humans living on Mars. In your essay, make sure to answer the following questions in detail. (Ex.4/Page 83)
Do you think it is a good idea for some people to move to Mars for good Why or why not
Would you like to live on Mars Why or why not
Homework
Write an essay that gives your opinion about the idea of humans living on Mars.(共69张PPT)
必修三 Unit 4
Space Exploration (6)
高一年级 英语
Lesson 6 Present an argument
about space exploration
IS EXPLORING SPACE A WASTE OF TIME AND MONEY
Reading for Writing
In this class, you will be able to
reflect on the question of whether exploring space is worth the money and effort;
analyse the organisation and language features of an argumentative essay;
write about your opinion on space exploration.
Learning objectives
What can you see in the picture
There is a powerful cyclone in the picture.
（气旋）
Where do you think the picture was taken
It was taken from the space by NASA satellite.
Warming-up
IS EXPLORING SPACE
A WASTE OF TIME AND MONEY
Look at the title of the passage.
Warming-up
What kind of text is it
An argumentative essay.
（议论文）
Warming-up
What’s your opinion on this issue
Warming-up
Is exploring space a waste of time and money
Reading
Read the passage quickly.
What’s the author’s point of view on this issue
The author doesn’t think exploring space is a waste of time and money.
Reading
Underline the sentence that states the author’s opinion in Paragraph 1.
a view without serious thought
Read the passage and answer the questions.(Ex.1/P45)
Reading
Why are some people against space exploration
What has space exploration done for food production
What did the pictures of Earth from space make people realise
How does space exploration benefit the products that people use nowadays
Reading
Read the passage and answer the questions.
Why are some people against space exploration
Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on various space missions, whether to Mars or other planets much further away. Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space. Instead, we should feed the world’s poor and find immediate solutions to other problems, such as pollution and fatal diseases. However, others feel this is a shallow view which fails to realise how exploring space helps us.
Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on various space missions, whether to Mars or other planets much further away. Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space. Instead, we should feed the world’s poor and find immediate solutions to other problems, such as pollution and fatal diseases. However, others feel this is a shallow view which fails to realise how exploring space helps us.
Reading
Read the passage and answer the questions.
Why are some people against space exploration
Because they think it’s a waste of time and money, and that we should feed the world’s poor and find immediate solutions to other problems, such as pollution and fatal diseases, instead.
Reading
Read the passage and answer the questions.
What has space exploration done for food production
Firstly, exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger. It has directly resulted in the many satellites that now orbit Earth. A number of the satellites record data on land and weather patterns. Then the data is transmitted to scientists on Earth. After careful analysis, the scientists can provide useful recommendations and advice for farmers. As a result, space-based science has helped farming in its efforts to grow enough food to feed Earth’s increasing population.
Reading
record data on weather pattern
transmit data to earth
analyse data
provide recommendation and advice
Reading
Read the passage and answer the following questions.
What has space exploration done for food production
Satellites study land and weather patterns. These studies help farmers grow more crops and warn them about natural disasters before they occur.
Reading
Read the passage and answer the following questions.
What did the pictures of Earth from space make people realise
Finally, sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the world’s problems and even to find ways to solve them. Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planets’ resources are limited. In order to provide for such a rapidly increasing population, scientists are trying to find other planets that could one day be our new home. The greatest attention at present is on Mars because it is closer to Earth. In the future, humans may live on both planets.
Reading
Read the passage and answer the following questions.
They made people realise that our planet’s resources are limited.
What did the pictures of Earth from space make people realise
Reading
Read the passage and answer the following questions.
How does space exploration benefit the products that people use nowadays
Secondly, space exploration has already promoted technological improvements that benefit us all. High-end products around the world are made to a higher standard now because of advanced technology which was first created to meet the requirements for space exploration. For example, space technologies have helped the research and development of different types of new material. They have also helped companies make better heart monitors and other machines that doctors regularly use. …
Reading
Read the passage and answer the following questions.
How does space exploration benefit the products that people use nowadays
Advanced technology developed for space exploration has promoted technological improvements that benefit us all by allowing products to be made to a higher standard.
Reading
Study the organisation and language features.
Read the first paragraph and underline the different opinions about space exploration.
Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on various space missions, whether to Mars or other planets much further away. Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space. Instead, we should feed the world’s poor and find immediate solutions to other problems, such as pollution and fatal diseases. However, others feel this is a shallow view which fails to realise how exploring space helps us.
Reading
Study the organisation and language features.
Find the three topic sentences that summarise the writer’s arguments about space exploration.
Reading
Study the organisation and language features.
What’s the topic sentence for Paragraph 2
Firstly, exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger.
Reading
Study the organisation and language features.
What’s the topic sentence for Paragraph 3
Secondly, space exploration has already promoted technological improvements that benefit us all.
Reading
Study the organisation and language features.
What’s the topic sentence for Paragraph 4
Finally, sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the world’s problems and even to find ways to solve them.
Reading
Where is the topic sentence in each paragraph
It’s usually at the beginning.
Reading
What’s the content of the rest part of each paragraph
It’s the evidence that supports the arguments.
Reading
Study the organisation and language features.
What supporting details can you find in Paragraph 2
recording data on weather pattern
transmitting data to earth
analysing data
providing recommendation and advice
Reading
Study the organisation and language features.
What supporting details can you find in Paragraph 3
new material
better heart monitors and other machines
GPS, memory foam pillows
smartphone cameras
Reading
Study the organisation and language features.
What supporting details can you find in Paragraph 4
limited resources
finding other planet to live on
Reading
Study the organisation and language features.
Underline the sentence that repeats the writer’s opinion in the last paragraph.
In closing, exploring space provides the world with many different benefits.
Reading
Study the organisation and language features.
What’s the organisation of an argumentative essay
What are the language features of an argumentative essay
Read aloud together with the audio, think about the structure and the features of an argumentative essay.
Reading
Is exploring space a waste of time and money
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 5
The thesis statement
Is exploring space a waste of time and money
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 5
Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space.
However, others feel this is a shallow view which fails to realise how exploring space helps us.
Different viewpoints
record data on weather pattern
transmit data to earth
analyse data
provide recommendation and advice
The thesis statement
Is exploring space a waste of time and money
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 5
Different viewpoints
Firstly, exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger.
Evidence
Argument 1
The thesis statement
Is exploring space a waste of time and money
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 5
Different viewpoints
Evidence
Argument 1
Secondly, space exploration has already promoted technological improvements that benefit us all.
new material
better heart monitors and other machines
GPS, memory foam pillows
samrtphone cameras
The thesis statement
Is exploring space a waste of time and money
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 5
Different viewpoints
Evidence
Argument 1
Evidence
Argument 2
Is exploring space a waste of time and money
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 5
Finally, sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the world’s problems and even to find ways to solve them.
limited resources
finding other planet to live on
The thesis statement
Is exploring space a waste of time and money
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 5
Different viewpoints
Evidence
Argument 1
Evidence
Argument 2
Evidence
Argument 3
Is exploring space a waste of time and money
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 5
In closing, exploring space provides the world with many different benefits.
The thesis statement
An
argumentative
essay
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 5
Different viewpoints
Evidence
Argument 1
Evidence
Argument 2
Evidence
Argument 3
Rephrasing the thesis statement
Body
Introduction
Conclusion
Writing
Write about your opinion about space exploration.
Are these arguments for or against exploring space
A There are a lot of unsolved mysteries on Earth. So why are we going into space to explore
It’s AGAINST space exploration.
Writing
Write about your opinion about space exploration.
Are these arguments for or against exploring space
B It is necessary to find a new home for people in space, as the resources on Earth will run out.
It’s FOR space exploration.
Writing
Write about your opinion about space exploration.
Are these arguments for or against exploring space
C I cannot understand spending all this money on expensive research and experiments when so many people need food.
It’s AGAINST space exploration.
Writing
Write about your opinion about space exploration.
Are these arguments for or against exploring space
D Exploring space encourages scientists to improve technology that can help people in other ways, too.
It’s FOR space exploration.
Writing
D Exploring space encourages scientists to improve technology that can help people in other ways, too.
For space exploration
Against space exploration
C I cannot understand spending all this money on expensive research and experiments when so many people need food.
B It is necessary to find a new home for people in space, as the resources on Earth will run out.
A There are a lot of unsolved mysteries on Earth. So why are we going into space to explore
Your thesis statement
Is space exploration a waste of time and money
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 5
Different viewpoints
Evidence
Argument 1
Evidence
Argument 2
Evidence
Argument 3
Rephrasing your thesis statement
Writing
Use the checklist to check and improve your draft.
Does the introduction state the topic
Does the introduction express different opinions about the topic
Does the body give arguments with suitable supporting information
Does the closing express the writer’s opinion and end properly
Are there any grammar, spelling or punctuation errors
Writing
Everyone gets excited by the news of the most recent space flights, and I too share in people’s sense of awe and wonder at the photos from space that we see. Having said that, it is hard to believe that the high cost of space flight is justified so that we can get some lovely pictures. We should be spending our money more wisely, on what people need.
Writing
I cannot understand spending all money on expensive research and experiments when so many people need food. Around the world, millions of people are hungry and dying of starvation. On the other hand, we hear on TV that for as little as a dollar a day, a child in Africa can be saved. Considering the billions spent on space travel, it just seems a better investment to feed the hungry.
Writing
Some people argue that someday we will have to go live in space because the world will be made impossible to live in through pollution. This seems silly. When your house gets dirty, you spend the time and money to clean it up. You don’t move house simply because you need to wash your windows or vacuum the floor. In the same way, it makes more sense to use our time and money to take care of our planet, rather than look for a new home.
Writing
Finally, there are a lot of unsolved mysteries on the earth. So why are we going into space to explore There are still many things to discover in the ocean depths and the Antarctic. But we do not even have to go that far: Science has yet to unlock all the mysteries of the atom, and there are many realms of technology that we are just beginning to understand and explore.
Writing
In the end, it just does not seem a very wise investment to go to space. We have too many needs here on the earth to be wasting our effort on space exploration.
Writing
Use the checklist to check and improve your draft.
Does the introduction state the topic
Does the introduction express different opinions about the topic
Does the body give arguments with suitable supporting information
Does the closing express the writer’s opinion and end properly
Are there any grammar, spelling or punctuation errors
Writing
Everyone gets excited by the news of the most recent space flights, and I too share in people’s sense of awe and wonder at the photos from space that we see. Having said that, it is hard to believe that the high cost of space flight is justified so that we can get some lovely pictures. We should be spending our money more wisely, on what people need.
state the topic
different opinions
Writing
Use the checklist to check and improve your draft.
Does the introduction state the topic
Does the introduction express different opinions about the topic
Does the body give arguments with suitable supporting information
Does the closing express the writer’s opinion and end properly
Are there any grammar, spelling or punctuation errors
Writing
I cannot understand spending all money on expensive research and experiments when so many people need food. Around the world, millions of people are hungry and dying of starvation. On the other hand, we hear on TV that for as little as a dollar a day, a child in Africa can be saved. Considering the billions spent on space travel, it just seems a better investment to feed the hungry.
argument 1
evidence
Writing
Some people argue that someday we will have to go live in space because the world will be made impossible to live in through pollution. This seems silly. When your house gets dirty, you spend the time and money to clean it up. You don’t move house simply because you need to wash your windows or vacuum the floor. In the same way, it makes more sense to use our time and money to take care of our planet, rather than look for a new home.
argument 2
evidence
Writing
Finally, there are a lot of unsolved mysteries on the earth. So why are we going into space to explore There are still many things to discover in the ocean depths and the Antarctic. But we do not even have to go that far: Science has yet to unlock all the mysteries of the atom, and there are many realms of technology that we are just beginning to understand and explore.
argument 3
evidence
Writing
Use the checklist to check and improve your draft.
Does the introduction state the topic
Does the introduction express different opinions about the topic
Does the body give arguments with suitable supporting information
Does the closing express the writer’s opinion and end properly
Are there any grammar, spelling or punctuation errors
Writing
In the end, it just does not seem a very wise investment to go to space. We have too many needs here on the earth to be wasting our effort on space exploration.
rephrasing the point
Writing
Use the checklist to check and improve your draft.
Does the introduction state the topic
Does the introduction express different opinions about the topic
Does the body give arguments with suitable supporting information
Does the closing express the writer’s opinion and end properly
Are there any grammar, spelling or punctuation errors
Homework
Read the passage on Page 44 again.
Write about your opinion about space exploration.(共60张PPT)
必修三 Unit 4 Space Exploration (2)
高一年级 英语
Lesson 2 Space Exploration
Reading and Thinking
At this class, you will be able to
1. learn about the development and value of space exploration through reading a popular science article;
2. practise analysing the sentences by role and adding them to a passage about space exploration;
3. practise summarizing the main idea of a text.
Learning objectives
Think and share
When you see “Space Exploration”, what do you think of
The universe (宇宙);
Yang Liwei and Shenzhou 5 spacecraft;
Rockets, satellites (卫星), spacecrafts (宇宙飞船);
Life on other planets;
…
You can find the passage on page 40-41 in your textbook.
Before you read, look at the title and the photos. Discuss these questions in pairs. (P40 Ex.1)
1. What do you think are the main reasons for space exploration
2. What do you expect to read about in this text
Prediction
Before you read, look at the title and the photos. Discuss these questions in pairs. (P40 Ex.1)
1. What do you think are the main reasons for space exploration
The main reasons for space exploration are to build advanced technologies, further human exploration and to gather knowledge of the universe.
Prediction
Before you read, look at the title and the photos. Discuss these questions in pairs. (P40 Ex.1)
2. What do you expect to read about in this text
I expect to read about the history of space travel, the reasons why we explore space, what space exploration has given us, how we continue to explore further, etc.
Prediction
Read the text. Several sentences have been removed from it. Choose the correct sentence (A-D) to fill each gap. (P40 Ex.2)
Read to fill the gap
Read the text. Several sentences have been removed from it. Choose the correct sentence (A-D) to fill each gap. (P40 Ex.2)
A. Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen.
B. They also really wish to discover other planets that are suitable enough to support life.
Read to fill the gap
Read the text. Several sentences have been removed from it. Choose the correct sentence (A-D) to fill each gap. (P40 Ex.2)
C. The future of space exploration remains bright.
D. After many experiments, they succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth’s gravity .
Read to fill the gap
重力
火箭
Read the text. Several sentences have been removed from it. Choose the correct sentence (A-D) to fill each gap. (P40 Ex.2)
Read to fill the gap
1. Which two sentences are general statements that could serve as topic sentences for paragraphs
A and C
Read the text. Several sentences have been removed from it. Choose the correct sentence (A-D) to fill each gap. (P40 Ex.2)
Read to fill the gap
2. Which sentence contains a linking word which indicates that it is part of a list of details
B, also
Read the text. Several sentences have been removed from it. Choose the correct sentence (A-D) to fill each gap. (P40 Ex.2)
Read to fill the gap
3. Which sentence begins with a sequence word showing that it is probably a detail from the middle of a narrative
D, after
Read to fill the gap
“Are we alone What’s out there ” Looking up at the stars, people have always wanted to learn more about space, and scientists work hard to find answers. They make vehicles to carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe . (Paragraph 1)
Read to fill the gap
Before the mid-20th century, most people felt travelling into space was an impossible dream. However, some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space.
On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite was launched by the USSR and successfully orbited around Earth … (Paragraph 2)
Read to fill the gap
All the astronauts on the USSR’s Soyuz 11 and America’s Challenger died during their missions. These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed , but the desire to explore the universe never died … It orbits Earth and has astronauts from different countries on board, providing a continuous human presence in space. (Paragraph 3)
Read to fill the gap
China’s space programme started later than those of Russia and the US, but it has made great progress in a short time. China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003, … More recently, China has sent Chang’e 4 to explore the surface of the far side of the moon to make measurements and observations. (Paragraph 4)
Read to fill the gap
Europe, the US, and China all have plans to further study and explore planets like Mars and Jupiter. Despite the difficulties, scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us to understand how the universe began, but also help us survive well into the future. (Paragraph 5)
Read the text. Several sentences have been removed from it. Choose the correct sentence (A-D) to fill each gap. (P40 Ex.2)
B. They also really wish to discover other planets that are suitable enough to support life.
Read to fill the gap
D. After many experiments, they succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth’s gravity.
Read to fill the gap
Read the text. Several sentences have been removed from it. Choose the correct sentence (A-D) to fill each gap. (P40 Ex.2)
Read to fill the gap
Read the text. Several sentences have been removed from it. Choose the correct sentence (A-D) to fill each gap. (P40 Ex.2)
A. Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen.
Read to fill the gap
Read the text. Several sentences have been removed from it. Choose the correct sentence (A-D) to fill each gap. (P40 Ex.2)
Read to fill the gap
C. The future of space exploration remains bright.
Read the text. Several sentences have been removed from it. Choose the correct sentence (A-D) to fill each gap. (P40 Ex.2)
Read to get the main idea
Use your own words to summarise the main idea for each paragraph. (P41 Ex.3)
Read to get the main idea
When the main idea is not clearly stated in a topic sentence, you should read the full paragraph of passage carefully and find the words or ideas that repeat themselves. They are likely evidence of the author’s main idea.
Use your own words to summarise the main idea for each paragraph. (P41 Ex.3)
Read to get the main idea
Use your own words to summarise the main idea for each paragraph. (P41 Ex.3)
“Are we alone What’s out there ” Looking up at the stars, people have always wanted to learn more about space, and scientists work hard to find answers. They make vehicles to carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe . They also really wish to discover other planets that are suitable enough to support life. (Paragraph 1)
Read to get the main idea
交通工具
宇宙
Use your own words to summarise the main idea for each paragraph. (P41 Ex.3)
Paragraph 1: Humans have always had a natural curiosity about space.
Read to get the main idea
Before the mid-20th century, most people felt travelling into space was an impossible dream. However, some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space. After many experiments, they succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth’s gravity. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite was launched by the USSR and successfully orbited around Earth … (Paragraph 2)
Read to get the main idea
环绕…运行
发射
… Afterwards, the USSR focused on sending people into space, and on 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space. Over eight years later, on 20 July 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon, famously saying, “That’s one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind .” … (Paragraph 2)
Read to get the main idea
人类
… Following this, many more goals were achieved. For example, America’s NASA space agency launched Voyager 1 on 5 September 1977 to study deep space, and it still transmits data today. (Paragraph 2)
Read to get the main idea
数据
专门机构
Use your own words to summarise the main idea for each paragraph. (P41 Ex.3)
Paragraph 2: Space travel became a reality in the 20th century, with American and Soviet space missions.
Read to get the main idea
Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. All the astronauts on the USSR’s Soyuz 11 and America’s Challenger died during their missions. These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed , but the desire to explore the universe never died … (Paragraph 3)
Read to get the main idea
失望的；沮丧的
渴望
… This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks. An example of this ongoing work is the International Space Station. It orbits Earth and has astronauts from different countries on board, providing a continuous human presence in space. (Paragraph 3)
Read to get the main idea
Use your own words to summarise the main idea for each paragraph. (P41 Ex.3)
Paragraph 3: Space travel has always involved great risks, but despite the risks exploration continues.
Read to get the main idea
China’s space programme started later than those of Russia and the US, but it has made great progress in a short time. China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003, when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft … (Paragraph 4)
Read to get the main idea
…Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk, followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface. After that, China launched the Tiangong 2 space lab into space and Tianzhou 1 to dock with it … (Paragraph 4)
Read to get the main idea
…This signalled one step further in China’s plan to establish a space station in the future. More recently, China has sent Chang’e 4 to explore the surface of the far side of the moon to make measurements and observations. (Paragraph 4)
Read to get the main idea
标志着
Use your own words to summarise the main idea for each paragraph. (P41 Ex.3)
Paragraph 4: China has made great progress in space exploration in the early 21st century, becoming only the third country to send humans to space.
Read to get the main idea
The future of space exploration remains bright. Europe, the US, and China all have plans to further study and explore planets like Mars and Jupiter. Despite the difficulties, scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us to understand how the universe began, but also help us survive well into the future. (Paragraph 5)
Read to get the main idea
Use your own words to summarise the main idea for each paragraph. (P41 Ex.3)
Paragraph 5: The future of space exploration looks bright, as many countries are planning further missions.
Read to get the main idea
What is the writer’s attitude towards space exploration Find evidence from the text to support your idea.
The writer feels positive about future space exploration and emphasizes this attitude by presenting important events in the history of space exploration, giving examples, using quotes, and showing respect and gratitude for the contributions scientists and astronauts have made.
Think and share
What is the writer’s attitude towards space exploration Find evidence from the text to support your idea.
The future of space exploration remains bright. Europe, the US, and China all have plans to further study and explore planets like Mars and Jupiter. Despite the difficulties, scientists hope future discoveries will not only enable us to understand how the universe began, but also help us survive well into the future. (Paragraph 5)
Think and share
summary
What is the writer’s attitude towards space exploration Find evidence from the text to support your idea.
… but it has made great progress in a short time. China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003, when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed … followed by Jade Rabbit … (Paragraph 4)
Think and share
events
What is the writer’s attitude towards space exploration Find evidence from the text to support your idea.
… After that, … China launched the Tiangong 2 space lab into space and Tianzhou 1 to dock with it. This signalled one step further in China’s plan to establish a space station in the future. More recently, China has sent Chang’e 4 to explore … (Paragraph 4)
Think and share
events
What is the writer’s attitude towards space exploration Find evidence from the text to support your idea.
… This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks. An example of this ongoing work is the International Space Station. It orbits Earth and has astronauts from different countries on board, providing a continuous human presence in space . (Paragraph 3)
Think and share
examples
What is the writer’s attitude towards space exploration Find evidence from the text to support your idea.
… American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon, famously saying, “That’s one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind.” Following this, many more goals were achieved. (Paragraph 2)
Think and share
quotes
What is the writer’s attitude towards space exploration Find evidence from the text to support your idea.
Examples;
Quotes;
Important events.
Think and share
Positive
What genre (体裁) is the passage
Does the author use technical terms (专业名词) to explain science
What is the author’s purpose of writing this article
What writing techniques (技巧) are used in this article
Think and share
What genre is the passage
Popular science article. (科普文章)
What is popular science article
Popular science article is different from scientific article (科学论文). It is intended to introduce science-related knowledge to a general audience, including science news, scientific developments, etc.
Think and share
Where can you find this kind of passage
It is presented in many forms, including books, film and television documentaries, magazine articles, web pages, etc.
Think and share
What are the characteristics of popular science article
Explaining general concepts in a simplified way;
Emphasizing on main events;
Using quotes, metaphors (比喻), analogies (类比) to explain difficult or abstract scientific concepts;
Listing data or numbers;
…
Think and share
What does the title “Space: The Final Frontier” mean Why does the author use this title
Think and share
an area where people have never lived before, that not much is known about.
What does the title “Space: The Final Frontier” mean to you Share your ideas with the whole class. (P41 Ex.4)
Think and share
What do you think these frontiers might have been
Physical frontiers, such as the discover of America, the Arctic, and the deep sea; and scientific frontiers, such as advances in medicine and technology.
What does the title “Space: The Final Frontier” mean to you Share your ideas with the whole class. (P41 Ex.4)
Think and share
Why is (or why isn’t) space the final frontier
Do we have much more yet to discover here on Earth, or is space the only place where real discovery can still be made
What does the title “Space: The Final Frontier” mean to you Share your ideas with the whole class. (P41 Ex.4)
I support space exploration. I don’t think space is the final frontier just yet. There is still much to learn about the Earth, and we are only at the very beginning of new technological breakthroughs involving information technology and AI. There are many scientific and technological frontiers all around us.
Think and share
1. Learn about the development and value of space exploration through reading a popular science article.
Summary
2. Reading strategies:
Predict the content of the text through its title and images;
Practise summarising main ideas.
Look at the first and last sentences in each paragraph;
Look for topic sentences;
Look for repeated words and phrases;
…
Summary
1. Read the text aloud.
2. Complete the passage with words from the text. (P41 Ex.5)
Homework(共69张PPT)
必修三 Unit 4
Space Exploration (4)
高一年级 英语
Lesson 4
Discovering useful structures
Infinitives as adverbials and attributes
Learning objectives
At this class, you will be able to
1. identify and analyze the uses of infinitives (不定式) as adverbials (状语) and attributes (定语);
2. use infinitives to describe space facts and efforts to explore space.
Read the following sentences and focus on the infinitives.
I trained for a long time to fly airplanes as a fighter pilot.
As we all know, an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm in order to work in space.
First of all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree.
Read the following sentences and focus on the infinitives.
Some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space.
On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space.
Figure out their functions and meanings.
It’s Exercise 1 on Page 42 of your textbook.
I trained for a long time to fly airplanes as a fighter pilot.
As we all know, an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm
in order to work in space.
Figure out their functions and meanings.
… in order that I could fly airplanes as a fighter pilot.
… in order that he/she can work in space.
infinitives as adverbials to express purposes
First of all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related
college degree.
Figure out their functions and meanings.
… so that you could get a related college degree.
infinitive as the adverbial to show the result
Some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space.
On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space.
Figure out their functions and meanings.
… their dream which was to explore space.
… the first person in the world who went into space.
infinitives as attributes to modify (修饰) sth.
不定式 (to do) 的功能和意义：
可作状语，表目的或结果，多可转化为 in order that/so that 引导的状语从句；为强调目的，可用 in order to/so as to。
可作定语，起修饰或限定作用，可转化为定语从句。
Summary 1
Find more examples from the text.
It’s on Page 40-41 of your textbook.
People have always wanted to learn more about space, and scientists work hard to find answers.
They make vehicles to carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe.
Find more examples from the text.
adverbial
attribute
adverbial
They also really wish to discover other planets that are suitable enough to support life.
America’s NASA space agency launched Voyager 1 on 5 September 1977 to study deep space.
Find more examples from the text.
adverbial
adverbial
These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed, but the desire to explore the universe never died.
China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003.
Find more examples from the text.
attribute
attribute
Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk, followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface.
After that, China launched the Tiangong 2 space lab into space and Tianzhou 1 to dock with it.
Find more examples from the text.
adverbial
adverbial
This signalled one step further in China’s plan to establish a space station in the future.
More recently, China has sent Chang’e 4 to explore the surface of the far side of the moon to make measurements and observations.
Find more examples from the text.
attribute
adverbials
Europe, the US, and China all have plans to further study and explore planets like Mars and Jupiter.
Find more examples from the text.
attributes
… work hard to find answers …
… carry brave people into space to find out the secrets …
… launched Voyager 1 … to study deep space …
… sent Chang’e 4 to explore the surface …
… launched … Tianzhou 1 to dock with it.
… being sent to the moon to study its surface …
… be healthy and calm in order to work in space.
Summarize the uses of infinitives.
infinitives as adverbials to express purposes
Summarize the uses of infinitives.
… are suitable enough to support life.
… be intelligent enough to get a related college degree.
infinitives as adverbials to show results:
be + adj. + enough to do
Summarize the uses of infinitives.
… vehicles to carry brave people into space …
… the desire to explore the universe never died.
… China’s plan to establish a space station …
… plans to … study and explore planets …
… their dream to explore space …
… the third country … to … send humans into space …
… the first person … to go into space.
infinitives as attributes to modify sth.
Summary 2
不定式作定语：
起修饰或限定作用，可转化为定语从句；
可修饰名词、数词、代词等，常置于被修饰词后；
多表示将来的动作；
后接不定式作定语的名词有：desire, dream, plan, goal 等。
不定式作状语：
可以表示目的或结果，多可转化为 in order that/so that 引导的状语从句；
常用结构： in order to/so as to (表目的) be + adj. + enough to do (表结果)
…
Summary 3
Learn more about infinitives as adverbials.
Interviewer:
Mr Yang:
… you also had to study a lot, too, right
Yes, I had to learn English, science, and astronomy. I also had to practice using space equipment, and do a lot of mental and physical training. It was very tiring, but I was so proud to have the opportunity.
infinitive as the adverbial to give the reason
Summary 4
不定式作状语：
可以表示目的、结果、原因等，可根据其在语境中的意义，转化为相应的状语从句；
常用结构： in order to/so as to (表目的) be + adj. + enough to do (表结果)
be + proud/pleased/ … + to do (表原因)
Rewrite the sentences using infinitives or “in order to/so as to”. Change the italicised parts accordingly.
It’s Exercise 2 on Page 42 of your textbook.
Learn from the examples.
In 2003 Yuri Malenchenko became the first person who got married in space.
… the first person to get married in space.
In space, astronauts collect all dirty water so that it can be
recycled for later use.
… collect all dirty water so as to recycle it for later use.
attribute
adverbial
Rewrite the sentences.
Mankind has always been curious about the universe and
many people have dreamt that one day they would fly into
space.
… many people have the dream to fly into space one
day.
Rewrite the sentences.
attribute
Rewrite the sentences.
4 Astronauts’ bones and muscles can get very weak in space
due to the lack of gravity, so they need to exercise every
day, which will help them stay healthy.
… so they need to exercise every day to/in order to/so
as to stay healthy.
adverbial
Rewrite the sentences.
Astronauts have to use tape to stick everything down
while working in space because everything would float off
otherwise.
… stick everything down while working in space
to/in order to/so as to keep everything from floating off.
adverbial
Rewrite the sentences.
During a spacewalk, astronauts have to move slowly so that they can keep their bodies under control.
… move slowly to/in order to/so as to keep their bodies
under control.
adverbial
Why use infinitives
4 … so they need to exercise every day, which will help them
stay healthy.
… so they need to exercise every day to stay healthy.
… move slowly so that they can keep their bodies under control.
… move slowly to keep their bodies under control.
表达更加简练，逻辑关系更紧密
Complete the sentences using infinitives
as the attribute or the adverbial.
1 Q: Why is Yang Liwei famous in China
A: Because he is
(第一个进入太空的中国宇航员).
2 Q: How do you feel about the film 2001: A Space Odyssey
A: I’m afraid the film is
(太长太乏味而无法看完).
3 Q: Why was the Russian space station Mir (和平号空间站)
brought down out of orbit
A: One of the reasons is that Mir was too old and
(不再是安全的居所).
4 Q: Would you like to travel into space some day
A: Yes, and I want to become
(登陆火星的第一个中国人).
5 Q: Could you provide a simple introduction to how space
rockets work
A: I’m afraid the whole process is
(太复杂了，无法用几句话解释清楚).
It’s Exercise 1 on Page 80 of your textbook.
Complete the sentences using infinitives.
1 Q: Why is Yang Liwei famous in China
A: Because he is the first Chinese astronaut to go into space
(第一个进入太空的中国宇航员).
2 Q: How do you feel about the film 2001: A Space Odyssey
A: I’m afraid the film is too long and boring for me to finish
(太长太乏味而无法看完).
adverbial
attribute
3 Q: Why was the Russian space station Mir (和平号空间站)
brought down out of orbit
A: One of the reasons is that Mir was too old and no longer a
safe place to live in (不再是安全的居所).
attribute
Complete the sentences using infinitives.
4 Q: Would you like to travel into space some day
A: Yes, and I want to become the first Chinese to land on Mars
(登陆火星的第一个中国人).
attribute
Complete the sentences using infinitives.
5 Q: Could you provide a simple introduction to how space
rockets work
A: I’m afraid the whole process is too complicated to explain
in a few words
(太复杂了，无法用几句话解释清楚).
infinitive as the adverbial to show the result:
too + adj. + to do
Complete the sentences using infinitives.
Summary 5
不定式作状语：
可以表示目的、结果、原因等，可根据其在语境中的意义，转化为相应的状语从句；
常用结构： in order to/so as to (表目的) be + adj. + enough to do (表结果)
too + adj. + to do (表结果)
be + proud/pleased/ … + to do (表原因)
s
Complete the sentences using the correct forms of the words in the box.
hold build provide live
set carry select fall
take launch
Complete the sentences using the correct forms of the words in the box.
1 The space shuttle (航天飞机) was created as a reusable
launch vehicle astronauts and other equipment into
space and back again. The shuttle looks like an ordinary
plane but it has a cargo bay (货仓) that is large enough
a satellite.
Complete the sentences using the correct forms of the words in the box.
2 Space probes (航天探测器) are often sent to places that are
too far away or too dangerous for a human foot in.
For example, in 1977, the Voyager 1 space probe was sent
pictures of the planets Saturn and Jupiter.
Complete the sentences using the correct forms of the words in the box.
3 The International Space Station was too big on
Earth and into space, so different countries worked
together and built about 100 modules (分离舱). Afterwards,
these modules were joined together in space
living quarters, laboratories, and other equipment for
astronauts for months.
Complete the sentences using the correct forms of the words in the box.
4 As the first woman to make a trip into space,
Tereshkova felt lucky and proud. When the great day
finally came, she was almost too excited asleep.
It’s Exercise 2 on Page 81 of your textbook.
Complete the sentences using the correct forms of the words in the box.
1 The space shuttle (航天飞机) was created as a reusable
launch vehicle to carry astronauts and other equipment into
space and back again. The shuttle looks like an ordinary
plane but it has a cargo bay (货仓) that is large enough
to hold a satellite.
attribute
adverbial
Complete the sentences using the correct forms of the words in the box.
2 Space probes (航天探测器) are often sent to places that are
too far away or too dangerous for a human to set foot in.
For example, in 1977, the Voyager 1 space probe was sent
to take pictures of the planets Saturn and Jupiter.
adverbial
adverbial
Complete the sentences using the correct forms of the words in the box.
3 The International Space Station was too big to build on
Earth and launch into space, so different countries worked
together and built about 100 modules (分离舱). Afterwards,
these modules were joined together in space to provide
living quarters, laboratories, and other equipment for
astronauts to live for months.
all as adverbials
Complete the sentences using the correct forms of the words in the box.
4 As the first woman selected to make a trip into space,
Tereshkova felt lucky and proud. When the great day
finally came, she was almost too excited to fall asleep.
adverbial
现在分词、过去分词也可作定语或状语，这与不定式作定语或状语有何区别呢？
Try to tell the differences.
Scientists were determined to help humans realise their
dream to explore space.
Scientists work hard to find out the secrets of the universe.
Families celebrating the Lunar New Year can enjoy exciting dragon dances.
She sat at the desk reading a newspaper.
to do: 主动关系，表将来
doing: 主动关系，表持续或进行
Try to tell the differences.
Come and read the poem written by a seven-year-old boy.
6 Invited to perform on the stage, he felt nervous and
excited.
As the first woman selected to make a trip into space,
Tereshkova felt lucky and proud.
done: 被动关系
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
It’s Exercise 3 on Page 42 of your textbook.
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
Sending people to other planets or even beyond the solar system is not an easy goal to achieve (achieve) …
attribute
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
Sending people to other planets or even beyond the solar system is not an easy goal to achieve (achieve). One of the problems is that the trip would take a very long time. For example, using (use) current technology, it would take over two years to get (get) to the closest planet, Mars, and back …
adverbial
subject
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
… Although light is the fastest thing known (know) in the universe, it could take more than four years to reach the nearest star system …
subject
attribute
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
… Although light is the fastest thing known (know) in the universe, it could take more than four years to reach the nearest star system. Will scientists figure out a way to store (store) sufficient food and water for the long journey Is it possible to travel faster than light No one knows the answers yet.
attribute
subject
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
… However, space scientists never give up. They are experimenting with growing crops in space so as to help (help) astronauts get enough food on longer journeys through space.
adverbial
make do be connect
get see send
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.
It’s Exercise 3 on Page 81 of your textbook.
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.
On 17 October 2016, China’s space agency launched the Shenzhou 11 space vehicle to connect with the Tiangong 2 space laboratory. The vehicle carried the astronauts Jing Haipeng and Chen Dong. The connection between Shenzhou 11 and Tiangong 2 took about two hours to be completed.
adverbial
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.
The astronauts had many tasks to do in space as part of their mission …
attribute
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.
The astronauts had many tasks to do in space as part of their mission. Firstly, they had to float through a narrow 80-centimeter wide tube so as to get on board Tiangong 2 …
adverbial
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.
The astronauts had many tasks to do in space as part of their mission. Firstly, they had to float through a narrow 80-centimeter wide tube so as to get on board Tiangong 2. Once safely on board, the pair waved to the camera on Tiangong 2, to send greetings to everyone back home.
adverbial
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.
Then they performed various experiments. For example, they grew rice in space. They also gave themselves medical check-ups to see how their bodies were affected by being in space.
adverbial
object
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.
Jing Haipeng and Chen Dong finally returned to Earth 30 days later, making their space mission the longest such mission by Chinese astronauts to date.
adverbial
不定式作定语：
起修饰或限定作用，可转化为定语从句；
可修饰名词、数词、代词等，常置于被修饰词后；
多表示将来的动作；
后接不定式作定语的名词有：desire, dream, plan, goal 等。
Summary 2
不定式作状语：
可以表示目的、结果、原因等，可根据其在语境中的意义，转化为相应的状语从句；
常用结构：in order to/so as to (表目的) be + adj. + enough to do (表结果)
too + adj. + to do (表结果)
be + proud/pleased/ … + to do (表原因)
Summary 5
非谓语动词 to do, doing, done 的区别：
to do: 主动关系，表将来；
doing: 主动关系，表持续或进行；
done: 被动关系。
Summary 6
Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of man’s desire to understand.
—Neil Armstrong
A famous quote
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in the box. (Exercise 2 on Page 46)
Homework
