普通高中英语（2019版）必修第三册
Unit 2 Morals and virtues 教学设计
Period 1 Listening and speaking
本单元的Listening and Speaking板块与后续的 Reading and talking灰块关系密切,听力内容为后面的阅读内容提供了话题和背景的铺垫。这一板块以“谈论道德困境”(Talk about moral dilemmas)切入单元主题,介绍了什么是道德困境,探讨了处于道德困境中的人所面临的不同选择和结果,以及选择背后所隐含的道德观和处事原则。探讨这些问题,主要是为了让学生了解和感受道德困境在日常社会生活中的普遍性和复杂性,能够结合自身的体验和生活经验反思与道德困境相关的实际问题,提升辩证思维能力,使其能够更加全面客观地观察和看待社会现象,以理性的态度认识世界。
1. Let students learn to observe pictures and describe the moral dilemmas faced by the people in the pictures;
2. Let students correctly understand the definition of "moral dilemma" through listening activities, and realize that moral dilemma exists in everyone's real life;
3. Improve students' skills of "seeing" and "speaking" through listening training, so that students can understand the general idea of listening materials, understand the attitudes and emotions of the characters in the dialogue, and sort out the acquired content information; guide students to tell stories about good deeds they have experienced or heard about.
Importance:
1. Help students understand the definition of "moral dilemma";
2. Guide students to judge the attitude and mood of the speaker by paying attention to the content, tone and intonation of the speaker.
3. Encourage students to express their views and opinions on specific moral dilemmas. Guide students to tell stories about good deeds they have experienced or heard about. Guide students to tell stories about good deeds they have experienced or heard about.
Difficulties:
1. Ask students to understand the general idea of the listening materials and understand the attitudes and emotions of the characters in the dialogue.
2. Let students express their views and opinions on specific moral dilemmas.
3.Guide students to tell stories about good deeds they have experienced or heard about.
1. Before class, students observe the pictures in the textbook, discuss with each other the scenes shown in the pictures, speculate on the psychology of the characters, and describe the psychological activities of the boys;
2. Ask students to discuss the situation in the picture, imagine the possible results of helping the elderly, and let students express their own opinions and reasons;
3. Correctly understand the definition of "moral dilemma" in combination with the exercises in the guidance plan.
Step 1 Lead-in
1. Students observe the topic picture. The teacher first guides the students to talk about and describe the topic map, and then combines the problems in the Look and discuss to inspire the students to think about the following questions:
①What do you think the teenagers are doing
②Can you list some virtues that are admired in every culture
2. Then teacher asks again: “What qualities and personalities do you think are the most important when people are doing teamwork ”and Get the students to brainstorm a list of nouns and adjectives related to quality, such as: generosity,friendship,hope,giving,kindness,caring,thankfulness,helpfulness, trust,responsibility,etc.
3. Appreciate famous quotes.The students read the quotation on the opening page. The teacher asks:
①How do you understand the quote
②Can you translate it into Chinese
Answer: 一个好人一生最好的部分，是他细小的、无名的、不被人记得的出于善良和爱的行为。
4. The teacher adds some famous sayings about should or should. Let the students say what they mean and express their understanding.
*The best way to find yourself is to lose yourself in the service of others. ——Mahatma Gandhi
*The superior man thinks always of virtue; the common man thinks of comfort. ——Confucius
*Virtue,perhaps,is nothing more than politeness of soul. ——Honore de Balzac
Answers:
发现自己最好的方法就是为他人服务。——圣雄甘地
高尚的人总是想到美德;普通人考虑的是舒适。——孔子
美德也许只不过是心灵上的礼貌。——巴尔扎克
Step 2 Watching and talking
Activity 1
1. Students read the definition of "moral dilemma" in the picture and observe the picture.On the basis of understanding, the scene shown in the picture is described, the psychology of the characters is speculated, and the inner activities of the boy are described.The teacher provides some questions for students to discuss:
①What is happening in the picture Can you use one or two sentences to describe the situation(Who When Where What )
②What are the two possible choices that the boy could make
③Could he do both Why
④What will happen if he helps the old woman What may happen if he doesn't help the old woman
⑤If you were the boy, what should you do and what would you do
Finally, teacher asks a question to guide students to understand the meaning of the virtue dilemma.
If everyone is worried about the price of helping others, what will happen
2. Teacher asks several students to describe the picture and get them to discuss the second question. Guide students to understand the virtue dilemma in a positive way.
Step 3 Listening
Activity 2
1. Students browse the form in activity 2, predict the listening content, and fill in the answers according to the guesses.
2. Check the answers with class: a famous medical university; finish the exam; stop and help the girl; She will get into medical university, the girl might not get the help she needs; She can put the needs of the other person first, give up her chance to get into the medical university
Activity 3
1.Read the tasks in activity 3 and understand the sentences.The teacher instructs the students to read the listening strategies carefully, and then asks the students to predict or imagine the possible expression patterns, rhythm, tone and intonation of the relevant people based on the content of the five sentences listed and the attitudes of the people.Ask the students to imagine the following questions and let them act out a reasonable response.
●Imagine you are eager to share a piece of news or an interesting story with your friend.What would you do or what would you say
●If you are doubtful about your friend’s words, what expressions would you use
●How would you express your admiration for someone
●What would you say if you don’t believe something is true
●What would you say when you are curious about the development of a story
2.Students listen to the tape again and pay attention to the attitudes expressed by the two plete the Activity 3.
3.The teacher plays for the third time, remind the students to record the expressions and key words of the two characters and mark the relevant pronunciation and intonation, to find a reasonable reason and basis for their own judgment.
4.Then the students check the answers. When the students provide the answers, they must state the reasons for their judgment.(Answers: 1.T 2.T 3.T 4.T 5.F)
Activity 4
1.Look at the questions in activity 4 to learn the key information you need to hear. Then listen to the tape with the questions for the fourth time and record the key words as you listen.When the teacher and students check the answers, the teacher can remind the students to connect the key words they recorded into sentences, and then answer the questions in complete sentences fluently.
Suggested Answers:
①She carried the student to a safe place and looked after her. Then she went to the hospital with the student and called her sister.
②Her name was Lin Qiaozhi. She later became a great doctor. She was famous for caring for tens of thousands of women and their babies.
③Her life was full of hard choices but she didn’t let them stop her from taking care of people who were in need. She always cared for others more than for herself.
2.Let's listen to the tape and read after the speaker.
Step 4 Speaking
Activity 5
1.The teacher organizes students to make up small dialogues in pairs.Teacher can ask a few students to have an impromptu conversation with themselves first, for the class to demonstrate. E.g.
T: If you were faced with a similar situation, what would you do
S: I think I would choose to help the student because life matters most.
T: So you would do as Lin Qiaozhi did. That's really admirable.
Teachers can also put forward some extended questions to give students the space to think, express and play.Such as:
●Apart from helping the student and finishing the exam, is there a third choice Can you think of better ways to handle the dilemma
●Are you sure you know how to help the student who fainted o What kind of help could you offer
●Do you think it would be better for a professional doctor to care for the patient
●What do you think of the people who stand by when such accidents happen Do you think they are indifferent or not kind to others
2.Students discuss in groups and then present the dialogue to the class.For students to make the choice, the teacher should give the evaluation in time, guide the students to maintain a positive, optimistic, friendly, mutual attitude towards life.Teachers can also add some expressions for students' reference:
●In my opinion/view…
● Generally speaking, …
●Personally, I don't have the faintest idea about…
●To my mind…
●I'd just like to say…
●As far as I'm concerned…
●To be honest/frank…
● If you ask me…
Step 5 Expansion and practice
1. Read and complete the passage with correct words.
Jane is sharing an article about moral dilemmas with her friend Luke. This article mentions a girl t_____ the entrance exam for a famous medical university in Beijing. During the exam, the student next to her_____. The girl stopped to help the student, t_____ that it was better to p____ the needs of the other person f_____. Although the girl l_____ the exam that day, she became a great doctor. Her name was Lin Qiaozhi, who was famous for c_____for tens of thousands of women and their babies in China.
2.Check the answers with class. (Answers: taking, fainted, thinking,put,first,left, caring)
Step 6 Pronunciation
1. The teacher plays the tape. The students match the three dialogues in activity 1 with the three functions of rising key listed in the box on the right according to the sentence meaning and context.Teachers and students check the answers.
2. The teacher organizes group discussions and asks the students to fill in the dialogue according to their imagination.After the discussion, the teacher asked different groups to act out the dialogues.
3.Mark,listen and read.
(1) Students read the dialogue in activity 2 in pairs and mark the place where the rising key should be used.
(2) Students discuss with their partners, check each other's marks, and try to read the dialogue aloud.
(3) The teacher plays the recording of activity 2, and the students check whether the rising key they marked is correct.Teachers and students check the answers and ask several students to explain the meaning of each rising tone.
(4) The teacher plays the tape again. The students listen to the tape and follow the conversation.
(5) Students practice dialogue with their partners to further feel the meaning and function expressed by each rising tone.
Step 7 Listening and talking
Activity 1 Listening understanding
(1) Students can browse the three questions in activity 1 to understand what they need to hear.Play the tape and students complete activity 1.
(2) Students read the short passage in activity 2, get the gist of the story and try to pre-fill in the information.
(3)Listen and fill in the blanks.T: let's listen to the tape again.Teachers and students check the answers.
(4) Listen to the passage and find out the words (such as cohesion) or sentence patterns that can be used to tell the story.
Activity 2 Oral expression
(1)The teacher plays a short film and asks the students to watch and retell the video or perform in class.
(2) students are divided into groups according to the requirements of activity 3. Each student shares a story of personal experience or hearing-witnessing kindness, and then selects the most touching story in the group and shares it with the whole class.Before the students share the story, the teacher can instruct them to use the words and sentence patterns in the box to express. For example, the words in the box can be classified:
Time order: first of all,then, after that, later, finally logical relationship :so, however, although,but
Teachers can also appropriately add some transitional language to enrich students' expression:
Afterwards, afterwards, at last, in the end, eventually
Spatial order: next to, far from, on the left, in front of
Otherwise, nevertheless, as a result, therefore, furthermore, in addition, as well as
Summary: in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in brief
Step 8 Homework
1. Understand the definition of "moral dilemma" and establish a correct moral view;
2. Accumulate vocabulary about attitudes and emotions in listening texts and use them to express your own views;
3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan.
1、通过本节内容学习，学生能否理解理解“道德困境”的定义；
2、通过本节内容学习，学生能否通过说话人所表达的内容、说话的语气、语调等来判断其态度和情绪；
3、通过本节内容学习，学生能否针对具体的道德困境发表自己的看法和见解，能否掌握听力理训练中的听力策略。
4、(共23张PPT)
UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES
Section C Discovering Useful Structures
核心词汇
词汇一 operation n. 手术；企业；经营
◆教材原句
During the operation，she sat in the waiting room for over an hour worrying about him.
手术期间，她在候诊室里坐了一个多小时，为他担心。
◆要点必记
perform an operation（on sb.）（给某人）做手术 in operation 工作中；有效
put sth. into operation 实施 a rescue operation 营救行动
safe operation 安全操作
◆词语积累
operate vi. 运转；动手术 vt. 操作
operate on... 给……做手术
operator n. 操作员，经营者
operating adj. 操作的，外科手术的
◆误区警示
operate 表示“做手术”时是不及物动词，后面接on，然后接人或者身体的部位；表示“操作”时是及物动词，直接跟宾语。
题组练·领悟方法
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］The nurse tended the boy so carefully that he recovered from his heart
（operate）soon.
（2） The operation the old man will be carried out on schedule.
（3）［词汇复现］Mr. Smith is the appointed doctor who will operate the patient.
（4）［词汇复现］To our great joy, the new machine is really easy （ operate）.
（5）［词汇复现］With the help of his teammate，the （operate）responded
immediately to the event.
◆单句写作
（6） The doctor decided to （给病人做手术）at
once.
operation
on
on
to operate
operator
perform an operation on the patient
词汇二 whisper（1）vi. & vt. 悄声说；耳语；低语
（2）n. 耳语（声）；低语（声）；传言；谣传
◆教材原句
I saw her whispering something into his ear，obviously not wanting to be heard.
我看见她对他耳语了几句，显然不想被其他人听见。
◆要点必记
whisper sth. to sb. 把某事悄悄告诉某人
whisper sth. in one’s ear 在某人耳旁小声说某事
It is whispered that... 有人私下说……
in a whisper =in a low voice 低声地
whisper mode 省电模式
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］In the wedding ceremony，Jack whispered her so that no one
else would hear.
（2） It （whisper）that he shouldn’t serve as an experiment volunteer
although he is eager to learn science.
◆单句写作
（3）［词汇复现］She told me （低声地）the news that she would set off
for Australia.
（4）［2019·北京卷］Nervously facing challenges，I know I will _____________
（向……低语）myself the two simple words“Be yourself ”.
to
is whispered
in a whisper
whisper to
词汇三 assist vt. 帮助；援助
◆教材原句
...Dr Bethune did whatever he could to assist the Chinese people.
……白求恩大夫尽其所能帮助中国人民。
◆要点必记
assist sb. in/with sth. 帮助/ 援助某人某事
assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事
assist sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
◆词语积累
assistant n. 助手，助理
assistance n. 帮助，援助，支持
come to one’s assistance 前来援助
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］We will assist the retired staff in （find）somewhere to live.
（2）［词汇复现］There are few shop （assistant）and they tend to have their
days off by turns.
（3）［词汇复现］In spite of his cries，no one came to his （assist）.
（4）［词汇复现］He felt faint and could only walk with the （assist）of a
stick.
（5） I applied to my boss for an （assist），for it was more than I could do
myself.
assistance
assistance
assistants
finding
assistant
词汇四 pass away 去世
◆教材原句
Sadly，Dr Bethune passed away in November the following year and was buried in
Shijiazhuang. 不幸的是，白求恩大夫第二年11 月去世，葬在石家庄。
◆要点必记
pass by 经过 pass...on to 把……传递给
pass down 流传，世代相传 pass through 通过，穿过
pass off as 装作，假装 pass the driving test 通过驾照考试
pass the time 消磨时间 pass sth. to sb. 把某物传给某人
◆归纳拓展
“ 死”的委婉表达法：pass away，sleep the final sleep，breathe one’s last。
◆单句语法填空
（1）We were passing ，so we thought we’d come and say hello.
（2） Alice was very sorry to hear her grandmother had passed two days before.
（3）［词汇复现］Valuable things that were passed have something in common.
（4）［词汇复现］On such an occasion，the torch will be passed from one person _____
to another.
◆单句写作
（5）［词汇复现］They all waved merrily as they （经过）.
（6）［词汇复现］She said she’d the message （ 把……传给……）my
colleagues.
by
away
down
on
passed by
passed
on to
词汇五 memory n. 记忆力；回忆
◆教材原句
After Dr Bethune’s death，Chairman Mao Zedong wrote an article in memory of him...
白求恩大夫去世后，毛泽东主席写了一篇文章来纪念他……
◆要点必记
in memory of 作为对……的纪念 have a good/bad memory（for）记忆力好 差
from memory 凭记忆 memory loss 失忆
painful/sweet memories 痛苦/ 甜蜜的回忆
◆词语积累
“in+n.+of”结构：
in honour of 为了纪念……；为了表示敬意 in case of 防备
in celebration of 庆祝 in charge of 负责，管理
in defense of 保卫 in favour of 赞成，主张
in need of 需要 in search of 寻找
in support of 支持 in praise of 赞扬
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］She has an excellent memory names，which helps her a lot in her
commercial work.
（2） She can recite（背诵）the whole poem memory.
（3） Huang Jiaju made up a song Glorious Days in memory Nelson Mandela.
◆单句写作
（4） The library was built （为了纪念）those who carried our country through the hardship.
（5）［词汇复现］The stadium was named （ 为了向……表示敬意）the club’s first chairman.
（6）Most of us were （支持）Tom’s suggestion and entrusted him to make a plan.
（7）Many Chinese universities provide scholarships for students _________（需要）financial aid.
（8）［词汇复现］Having bitten in the leg，he had to go to the mountain____________（找药）.
（9）［词汇复现］I wrote a poem （赞扬）these significant changes.
for
from
of
in memory of
in honour of
in favor of
in need of
in search of
in praise of
重点句式
句式一 have sth. done 让某事被做
◆教材原句
Returning from the North Pole，the traveller wrote a book about his experience and had it published the
following year. 从北极回来后，这名旅行者写了一本关于他的经历的书，并在第二年出版。
◆句式分析
句中的have sth. done 是过去分词作宾补，表示宾语和动词之间是被动关系，表示“让某事被做”。
◆要点必记
·have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事（宾语与宾补之间为主动关系）
·have sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事
·have sth. done 使某事被做或宾语遭遇、经历过（不好的事）（宾语与宾补之间是被动关系）
·have sth. to do 有某事要做（动词不定式作后置定语）
◆单句语法填空
（1） Before driving into the city，you are required to have your car （ wash）.
（2）［2017·天津卷］I was watching the clock all through the meeting，as I had a train
________（catch）.
（3） The waitress had the water （run）even when she didn’t use it.
（4）［词汇复现］When passing by the house，he had his leg （bite）by a big dog.
◆单句写作
（5） She told me she （找人把她的房子粉刷了）.
（6） You’d better （找人把这些旧桌椅搬出）
our classroom.
washed
to catch
running
bitten
had her house painted
have the old desks and chairs moved out of
句式二 whatever 引导宾语从句
◆教材原句
Despite the difficult situation，Dr Bethune did whatever he could to assist the Chinese people.
尽管情况困难，但白求恩大夫还是尽其所能帮助中国人民。
◆句式分析
despite the difficult situation 是介词短语作状语,whatever he could 是whatever引导的宾语从句。
◆要点必记
（ 1）whatever 可以引导名词性从句，即宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句和同位语从句等。
在句中充当宾语、表语、主语和同位语，相当于anything that。
（ 2）whatever还可以引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter what。
◆学法点拨
whichever, whoever, whomever, however, whenever, wherever 等既可以引导名词性从句, 又可
以引导让步状语从句。
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］ happens in the future，the sweet memories will never fade away.
（2）［词汇复现］We will do we can to add some new features to this running machine.
（3）［词汇复现］In order not to waste our precious time，we’ll eat at restaurant
has a free table.
（4） While staying in the village，James unselfishly shared he had with the villagers
without asking for anything in return.
◆单句写作
（5）［2018·天津卷］The gold medal will be awarded to （获得
第一名的人）.
（6）［词汇复现］The poor young man can’t not afford tuition fees and he is ready to accept
（ 能得到的任何帮助）.
Whatever
whatever
whichever
whatever
whoever wins the first place
whatever help he can get
单元语法
现在分词作宾语补足语和状语
◆用法归纳
现在分词作宾补，表示宾语与作宾补的动词之间是主动关系。
1. 动词的宾语补足语
（ 1）位于感官动词后：如 see，hear，feel，smell，watch，find，listen to，look at，notice，observe 等。
（ 2）位于其他动词后：如 set，keep，have，get，leave，catch 等。
注意：现在分词作宾补，表示动作正在进行；而用动词原形作宾补，则表示动作的全过程。
2. with 复合结构
在with 复合结构中，如果宾语发出动作，且表示动作持续或进行，则用现在分词作宾补。
注意：在with 复合结构中，动词不定式作宾补虽然也表示宾语发出动作，但是表示动作将要发生。
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］When I was on my way to school this morning，I saw two women_______
（sell）lanterns.
（2）［词汇复现］The operator left hurriedly with the machine （ run）.
（3）［词汇复现］On the bank of the river，we found him （put）on a tent，with a
dog （lie）on the grass.
（4）［词汇复现］Peter，a colleague of mine，was standing on the bridge and watching boats
_________（pass）by.
（5） They use computers to keep the traffic （run）smoothly.
（6） After a knock at the door , the child heard his mother’s voice （ call）him.
（7）［词汇复现］With the pianist （perform）music on the stage，the atmosphere
is quite romantic.
（8） A cook will be immediately fired if he is found （smoke）in the kitchen.
（9）［词汇复现］When I came in，I saw Linda （whisper）to Danny.
selling
running
putting
lying
passing
running
calling
performing
smoking
whispering
要点二 现在分词作状语
◆用法归纳
1. 现在分词的一般式与完成式现在分词的一般式（doing）作状语表示动作与谓语动词的动
作同时发生；现在分词的完成式（having done）作状语表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。
2. 现在分词的主动式（doing/having done）作状语时，表示逻辑主语和其之间是主动关系；
现在分词的被动式（being done/having been done）作状语时，表示逻辑主语和其之间是被
动关系。
注意：现在分词的逻辑主语是句子的主语。
3. 现在分词作状语的功能
现在分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随等，相当于状语从
句。
（1）时间状语
表示时间，位于句子前半部分，可与when，while 引导的时间状语从句相互转换；有时分
词前加when或while 以示强调。
（2）原因状语
表示原因，位于句子前半部分，可与as，since，because 引导的原因状语从句相互转换。
（3）条件状语
表示条件，位于句子前半部分，可与if，unless 等引导的条件状语从句相互转换。
（4）让步状语
作让步状语，相当于让步状语从句，有时现在分词（短语）前可带有连词although，even if，even
though 等。
（ 5）结果状语
现在分词作结果状语时表示必然的结果，通常放在句末。有时为了突出结果，现在分词前可加thus，
相当于so 或so that 引导的结果状语从句。
注意：不定式作结果状语时，常与only，never 连用，表示一种出乎意料的结果。
（ 6）方式或伴随状语
动词-ing 作方式或伴随状语时，谓语动词表示动作发生的方式、背景或情况。此时分词的动作和谓语
动词的动作同时发生。现在分词或分词短语作伴随状语时可以转换成并列成分。
（7）评论性状语
有些现在分词（短语）没有逻辑主语而独立存在，往往位于句首用来修饰全句，表明说话
者的态度、 观点等。如：
judging from/by 由……判断 considering... 考虑到……
supposing/providing/assuming... 如果/ 假设…… generally/strictly/honestly/roughly/frankly
speaking 一般/ 严格/ 诚实/ 大致/ 坦率说来
（8）现在分词构成的独立主格结构
有时现在分词可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。独立主格结构通
常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，有时还可以表示时间、原因、条件或解释整个句子。
There being no bus，we had to walk home.由于没有公共汽车，我们只好走回家。
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］There are many goods， （range）from food and drink to some electronic
products.
（2） You have to prepare the next question （depend）on what the person says.
（3）［词汇复现］ （walk） in the street with his dog following him，he felt really free
and pleased.
（4） （finish） his work，he went out into the garden to have a walk.
（5） He lifted the stone only （drop）it on his own feet.
（6）［词汇复现］ （elect）as captain，Tom was greatly encouraged.
（7） （try）many times，he still couldn’t overcome the difficulties.
（8） （eat）at the cafeteria before，Tina didn’t want to eat there again.
（9） Unless （see）the changes with your own eyes，you will never believe their
greatness.
（10）［词汇复现］His car broke down on the way，thus （cause）him to be late for the election.
ranging
depending
Walkling
Having finished
to drop
Having been elected
Having tried
Having eaten
seeing
causing
（11）［词汇复现］ （spend）nearly all his money，the former wrestler couldn’t
afford a meal.
（12） （consider）his age，little Tom is doing a really good job.
（13）Pressed from his parents，and （realise）that he has wasted too much time，the
boy is determined to stop playing video games.
（14）［词汇复现］When （illustrate）a book，you put pictures，photographs or
diagrams into it.
（15） （go）straight down the road，you will find the canteen.
（16）There is no greater pleasure than lying on the grassland， （stare）at the night sky.
（17）［词汇复现］Tom slowly walked away， （complain）about the cold weather.
（18）It （be）Sunday，many people go to the gymnasium to workout.
Having spent
Considering
realising
illustrating
Going
staring
complaining
being
◆单句写作
（19） （说实话），all of his savings are given to children in a faraway village.
（20）Hanging his head, the boy stood by the door, （不敢说一句话）.
（21）［词汇复现］ （天气允许的话）, I will make a trip to Inner Mongolia.
（22） （从外表判断），it is very peaceful，but in fact，a war will
break out soon.
（23）Group activities were organised after class， （增强
孩子们的团队精神）.
（24）The actor intended to leave quickly， （却被他的粉丝
包围了）.
（25）Newly-built wooden cottages line the street， _____
（把这座古城变成了梦境）.
◆同义句转换
（26）After we have made full preparations，we are ready for the examination.
→ full preparations，we are ready for the examination.
（27）If you go straight down the road，you will find the department store.
→ down the road，you will find the department store.
Honestly speaking
not daring to say a word
Weather permitting
Judging from appearance
building up children’s team spirit
only to be surrounded by his fans
turning the old town into a dreamland
Having made
Going straight普通高中英语（2019版）必修第三册
Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 教学设计
Period 2 Reading and thinking
该板块的活动主题是“学习作出人生抉择”( Learn to make choices in life)。从听说板块的道德困境话题转移到这一板块的人生抉择问题,贯穿其中的线索是本单元的核心人物——林巧稚。选择林巧稚的生平作为阅读部分的题材内容,不仅仅因为她是我国著名医学家,为我国医疗事业作出了巨大的贡献,更重要的是,她的人生经历能给学生带来无限启迪。无论是在求学期间还是在职业发展道路上,林巧稚曾面对的道德困境和人生选择,与当前每个年轻人即将面对的社会生活有着许多相似之处,而从她的人生抉择中,学生能够感受到她身上的仁善、自强、勤奋、执着、敬业、慷慨,还有高度的责任感和广博的爱心。这些美好品质不仅值得学生学习,还能启发年轻人反思自我,思考如何面对人生抉择,认真选择未来的道路,全力以赴地面对人生的挑战。林巧稚的故事对于今天的年轻女性也有重要的教育意义,能够激励她们坚持信念和梦想,理解生活的价值和意义,努力抓住机遇,把握自己的人生。另外,关于林巧稚牺牲个人生活一心追求事业这一选择,教师应注意保持客观中立的态度,可以启发学生讨论,同时尊重他们不同的想法和态度。
1. Master the meaning and usage of key words in the text in the context;
2. Through reading biographies of characters, understand their life stories, analyze their personalities and qualities, and make reasonable inferences and generalizations about their personalities and characters;Understand the "moral dilemma" on the road to life;
3. Able to extract facts and details from articles by reading; able to tell stories according to the time order or the sequence of events; able to tell a friendly story;
4. Guide students to reflect on themselves and express their views on life choices;Learn to look at problems comprehensively, objectively and rationally, so as to have a deeper thinking and understanding of morality and human nature.
Importance:
1. Guide students to identify the characteristics and language features of the biography genre;
2. Guide students to make reasonable inferences and generalizations about characters' personalities and characters according to the detailed information provided in the article;
3. Ask students to reflect on themselves and express their views on life choices.
Difficulties:
1. Analyze the structure of the article, master the characteristics and language characteristics of the biography genre;
2. Use the key words in the passage to describe how to be kind to others and express your opinion on life choices.
1.Read the passage in advance, according to the context or consult the dictionary to understand the new words, so as to initially understand the passage;
2. Understand the theme of the article and find the clue of the article -- time sequence;
3. Notice the function and meaning of the -ing form in the sentence.
Step 1 Pre-reading
Activity 1
1.Get students to discuss and answer the question: What are some important life choices Teacher can show some pictures for students to choose.
2.Teachers share their personal experiences and describe their choices at key moments in their lives and the impact they have had on their lives and careers.
3.Students look at the title, the illustrations, and the questions in activity 2, predict the content of the article based on this information, and talk about their understanding of the title.Provide the following questions to guide students to think.
①What do you think the text is about What do you expect to read
②How do you understand the title of the text
Step 2 Careful-reading
Activity 2
1. Students read the text quickly to verify their guesses about the content of the text. The teacher guides the students to pay attention to the characteristics of the text.Consider the following questions:
①What kind of text is it (A brief biography of Lin Qiaozhi.)
②How are the events arranged (In chronological order.)
2. Read the text carefully and find out all the important points, events and life choices related to Lin Qiaozhi.
Time Important events Her choice Results
1901 She was born.
1906 Her mother died.
At age 18 She chose to study medicine instead of finding a husband. She took the entrance exam and entered Peking Union Medical College.
At age 26 She graduated from Peking Union Medical College with the Wenhai Scholarship.
From age 26 to 27 She was named a chief resident physician.
She was sent to study in Europe.
In 1939 She was sent to study in the US. She rejected the offer to stay in the US. She went back to China to serve the woman and children.
In 1941 She became the first Chinese woman to be appointed director of OB-GYN department of PUMC Hospital.
During the war Her department was closed. She opened a private clinic. She continued to provide medical care for the people in need of help,especially the poor patients.
From 1954 to 1983 She was elected to the first National People’s Congress.She held many important positions. She was more interested in tending patients, publishing medical research on care for women and children,and training new doctors. She tended patients, published medical research on care for woman and children,and trained new doctors.
22 April 1983 She died. She left her savings to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors.
During her lifetime She chose not to marry. She devoted all her life to work and delivered over 50,000 babies.
3. After the students find out the key information, they discuss with their partners and complete the information in the form. Then they check the answers.
Step 3 While-reading
Activity 3
1.Ask the students to answer the second and third questions in activity 2.The teacher guided the students to understand the difficulties of these choices in the context of The Times.
2.The teacher organized the students to discuss the two questions in group activity 3, and asked the students to find out the name of the household that describes Lin qiaozhi's words and deeds, personality and character, from which they could extract the conclusion of ambassador and summarize Lin qiaozhi's life principles and personality characteristics.
Dr Lin’s main principle of life is to____________________________________________________.
*Evidence 1:
*Evidence 2:
*Evidence 3:
3.After the group discussion, the teacher demonstrated to the students how to present their own arguments and arguments.Such as:
*From the sentence “I’d rather stay single to study all my life”, I think Dr Lin is a determined woman because she overcame many difficulties and prejudices to pursue her dream.
*From the phrase "rejected the offer"and the sentence "She charged very low fees to treat patients and often reduced costs for poor patients, we can learn that Dr Lin didn’t care about fame,fortune, or power. She devoted herself to serving and treating patient.
*From the sentences"The OB-GYN department cares for two lives"and"we should be responsible for the patients and treat them as our sisters", we know Dr Lin is a kind and caring person. Although she had no children of her own, she delivered so many babies and helped so many women in need.
4.Read the text again and find out the difficult sentences or beautiful sentences and share them with the class.
Step 4 Post-reading
Activity 4
1.Students complete the task of activity 4, then teachers and students check the answers.
2. The teacher organized the students to work together and asked them to use the tables and mind maps sorted out before to retold the important choices in Lin Qiaozhi's life and their results
Step 5 Language points
1. The teacher asks the students to read the text carefully, find out the core words and long and difficult sentences in the text and draw lines, understand the use of vocabulary, and analyze the structure of long and difficult sentences.
2. The teacher explains and summarizes the usage of core vocabulary and asks the students to take notes.
3. The teacher analyzes and explains the long and difficult sentences that the students don't understand, so that the students can understand them better.
Step 6 Homework
1. Read the text again, in-depth understanding of the text;
2. Master the use of core vocabulary and understand the long and difficult sentences.
3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan.
1、
2、通过本节内容学习，学生是否理解和掌握阅读文本中的新词汇的意义与用法；
3、通过本节内容学习，学生能否结合文本特点总结林巧稚的人生原则和人格品质特征；
4、通过本节内容学习，学生能否针对人生抉择发表自己的看法；能否全面地、客观地、理性地看待问题，进而对道德和人性有更加深入的思考和理解。
5、(共37张PPT)
UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES
Section B Reading and Thinking
核心词汇
词汇一 carry sb. through sth. 帮助某人渡过难关
◆教材原句
...what carried her through a life of hard choices. ……是什么支撑着她度过艰难抉择的一生。
◆要点必记
carry sth. through 成功完成，顺利实现 carry out 实施；履行；执行
carry on 继续移动 carry on sth. 从事某事
carry on doing sth. 继续做某事 carry on with sth. （carry sth. on）继续做某事
carry away 运走 carry off 赢得；获得；成功对付
carry weight 有影响力；重要；有分量
题组练·领悟方法
◆单句语法填空
（1） His determination carried him the hard time.
（2）［词汇复现］I’d be grateful if you let me carry on my job.
（3）［词汇复现］Carry until you get to the crossing，and you will see a shop
where you can buy envelopes.
（4） If you carry on （spend）money like that，you will end up in debt.
（5）［词汇复现］In spite of the difficulty，I will carry my plan.
◆单句写作
（6） It’s a difficult job but she’s the person to （ 顺利完成）.
through
with
on
spending
out
carry it through
词汇二 majority n. 大部分；大多数
◆教材原句
At age 18，instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls， she chose to study medicine.
18 岁时，她没有像大多数女孩一样走传统的婚姻之路，而是选择了学医。
◆要点必记
the majority of... 大多数…… in a/the majority 占大多数
◆误区警示
the majority 单独作主语时，谓语动词用单数或复数均可。
“the majority of + 复数名词”作主语时， 谓语动词用复数。
“the majority of + 不可数名词”作主语 时，谓语动词用单数。
◆词语积累
（ 1）major adj. 主要的，重要的，大的 n. 主修课程，专业；主修某科目的学生
vi. 主修
major in 主修
an English major 英语专业的学生
play a major role/part in sth. 在某事中起重要作用
（ 2）minor adj. 次要的 minority n. 少数
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］The （major）of the citizens in that region have been
affected by the dust.
（2）［词汇复现］Tom and I have something in common：we both major engineering.
（3） An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members
（be）against it.
◆写出句中major 的词性及含义
（4）［词汇复现］Briefly speaking，smoking is one of the major causes of cancer.
_________________
（5） He majored in history at Stanford. _________________
（6）［词汇复现］The major part of the town was ruined by the horrible earthquake.
_________________
（7） English is his major and he has no difficulty communicating with foreigners.
________________
majority
in
are
动词，主修
形容词，主要的
形容词，大的
名词，专业
through
◆单句写作
（8）［词汇复现］One-third of the country is covered with grass and____________
（大多数）the citizens live in tents.
（9） In college I （主修）Natural Science. What was your major
the majority of
majored in
词汇三 complain vi. & vt. 抱怨；发牢骚
◆教材原句
“...Finding a good husband should be their final goal!” her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees.
“……找一个好丈夫应该是她们的最终目标!” 想到高额的学费，她哥哥抱怨道。
◆要点必记
（ 1）complain about... 抱怨……
complain（to sb.）that... （向某人）抱怨……
complain to sb. about sth. 向某人抱怨某事
（ 2）complaint n. 抱怨
make a complaint to sb. about sth. 向某人抱怨某事
a flood of complaints 大量的投诉
◆误区警示
complain 的后面不能直接跟sb. 作宾语，须先加介词to。类似的词还有explain，
announce 等。
◆学法点拨
v. +-t → n.
complain 抱怨→ complaint 抱怨
weigh 称重→ weight 重量
join 连接→ joint 接头
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］Mothers often complain their children wrestling on the bed.
（2） He will complain having to do so much paperwork.
（3） Why don’t you make a complain）against your noisy neighbors
◆单句写作
（4）［词汇复现］She （向我抱怨说）no one could tell her the
feature of the house.
（5）We should think how to deal with the problems instead of _____________________
______（抱怨别人的错误）.
◆一句多译
（6） 他总是向我抱怨生活有压力。
He is always the stressful life.
He is always the stressful life.
complaint
about
about
to
complained to me that
complaining about others’ mistakes
complaining to me about
making a complaint to me about
词汇四 respond（1）vt. 回答；回复 （2）vi. 做出反应；回应
◆教材原句
She responded，“I’d rather stay single to study all my life!”
她回答说：“我宁愿终生保持单身去学习!”
◆要点必记
respond to... （with sth.）回答，回复；对……作出反应
respond that... 回答说……
◆误区警示
respond 是不及物动词，跟宾语时要加介词to。
◆词语积累
response n. 反应；回答；回复
in response to 作为对……的答复/ 反应
make a response（to）（对……）做出回应/反应
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］After all，knowing basic first-aid techniques will help you respond
quickly emergencies.
（2） He made no （respond）to my question，and went on with his movie.
（3）［词汇复现］We complained to the travel agency about the terrible service during
our trip，but no one （respond）by now.
◆单句写作
（4） How did they （对……作出反应）the news
（5）［词汇复现］He （没有回复）my
congratulation letter.
to
response
has responded
respond to
made no response to/didn’t respond to
词汇五 reject vt. 拒绝接受；不录用；冷落
◆教材原句
Dr Lin，however，rejected the offer. 然而，林医生拒绝了这个提议。
◆要点必记
（1）reject one’s idea/suggestion/plan 拒绝接受某人的想法/ 建议/ 计划
reject an argument/a decision/an offer 拒绝接受一个论点/ 一个决定/ 一项提议
（2）rejection n. 拒绝接受；否决
a rejection letter 一封回绝信
◆词语辨析
reject 与refuse
reject vt. 正式用词，“摒弃，不采用，不使用”。
refuse vi. & vt. 普通用词，“拒绝”。
refuse sb. sth. 拒绝某人某事
refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
◆单句语法填空
（1） He （reject）by the army because of his poor eyesight last year.
（2）［词汇复现］Although writing a （reject）letter can be difficult，
there are situations where it’s absolutely necessary.
◆辨析填空（reject/refuse）
（3） He loves his daughter so much that he can her nothing.
（4） I’ve been by all the companies I applied to.
（5）［词汇复现］I absolutely to take part in anything that’s illegal.
（6） When she was sent to a boarding school，she felt by her parents.
was rejected
rejection
refuse
rejected
refuse
rejected
词汇六 appoint vt. 任命；委派
◆教材原句
In 1941，Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed director of the OB-
GYN department of the PUMC Hospital...1941 年，林医生成为第一位被 任命为北京协
和医院妇产科主任的中国女性……
◆要点必记
（1）appoint sb. to be... 任命某人担任…… appoint sb. as... 任命某人担任……
appoint a time 约定……的时间
（2）appointed adj. 约定的，指定的 at the appointed time 在约定的时间
（3）appointment n. 任命；约定
make an appointment with sb. 与某人约会 break/keep an appointment 爽约/ 守约
by appointment 按照约定 an appointment letter 任命书
◆单句语法填空
（1） Salmon，disabled，is attended throughout her school days by a nurse____________
（appoint）to guard her.
（2） I hate to rush you，but I have another （appoint）.
（3）［词汇复现］To his joy，he （appoint）as manager. After all，
this represented his ability. And the moment he received the_____________
（ appoint）letter，he called and made an （appoint）with his former
teacher，for whose help he was grateful.
◆单句写作
（4） 在任何情况下我们都不能失约。
In no case should we fail to .
（5） 这位农业专家仅凭预约才能见到。
The agricultural expert can only be visited .
appointed
appointed
was appointed
appointment
appointment
keep an appointment
by appointment
词汇七 elect vt. （1）选举；推选 （2）选择，决定做某事
◆教材原句
In 1954，she was elected to the first National People’s Congress...1954 年，她被选举参加第一届全国人民代表大会……
◆要点必记
（1）elect sb. （as）... 选举某人为……
elect to do sth. 决定做某事
the newly elected president 新当选的总统
（2）election n. 选举；推选；当选 win an election 在选举中获胜
a round of election 一轮选举 hold an election 举行选举
election results 选举结果
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］Congratulations! I heard you have been （elect）as chairman.
（2） An increasing number of people elect （work）at home.
（3）［词汇复现］The year 1789 saw the first （elect）in American history where a majority of people （elect）George Washington the first president.
◆单句写作
（4） Who do you think will （在下次选举中获胜）
（5）［词汇复现］Faced with their failure in （第一轮选举）the party didn’t lose heart.
elected
to work
election
elected
as
win the next election
the first round of the election
词汇八 tend vt. 照顾；照料 vi. 倾向；趋于
◆教材原句
She was more interested in tending patients... 她对照顾病人……更感兴趣。
◆要点必记
tend（to）sb./sth. 照料/ 护理某人/ 照管某事物
tend to do sth. 易于做某事，往往会发生某事
tend to/towards 倾向于，趋于
◆词语积累
tendency n. 趋势；倾向
a tendency to do sth. 做某事的倾向
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］Typically，people tend （make）mistakes when tired.
（2）［词汇复现］The nurses were tending those injured by firecrackers.
（3） I have a tendency （talk）too much when nervous.
（4） The modern furniture designs tend simplicity.
◆单句写作
（5） People （往往需要）less sleep as they get older.
to make
to
to talk
towards
tend to need
词汇九 retire vi. & vt. 退休；退职；退出
◆教材原句
Dr Lin did not retire until the day she died，22 April 1983.
林医生直到1983 年4 月22 日去世才退休。
◆要点必记
（1）retire...from 从……退休 retire...as 从……职位上退休
retire from office 退职 retire from service 退役
（2）retired adj. 退职的，退休的
a retired teacher 一位退休教师
（3）retirement n. 退职，退休
take early retirement 提前退休
◆单句语法填空
（1） He has agreed to struggle on，though he hopes to retire his position.
（2） They will hold a party in celebration of her （retire）.
（3） The other day a （retire）couple came to my office.
◆单句写作
（4） My father （从……退休）teaching 3 years ago.
from
retirement
retired
retired from
词汇十 principle n. 道德原则；法则；原则
◆教材原句
What was the main principle guiding Dr Lin through the choices in her life
指导林医生在她的一生中做出这些选择的主要原则是什么？
◆要点必记
stick to one’s principles 坚持原则
be against one’s principles 违背某人的原则
as a matter of principle 作为原则问题
in principle 原则上；大体上
◆单句写作
（1） Anyway，I can’t cheat in the exams—it’s （ 违背我的原则）.
（2） （原则上），the new software should make the accounting system a lot simpler.
（3） Though poor，he still （坚持他的原则）.
against my principles
In principle
sticks to his principles
词汇十一 scared adj. 害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的
◆教材原句
She was so scared during the interview that she completely forgot how she should respond
to the questions. 她在面试时吓得完全忘了该如何回答这些问题。
◆要点必记
be scared of doing sth. 害怕做某事 be scared of sth. 害怕某物
be scared to do sth. 害怕做某事 be scared that... 害怕……
◆词语积累
scare n. 惊吓 vt. 惊吓；使害怕 vi. 受惊吓
It scares sb. to do sth. 做某事使某人感到害怕。
scare...away/off 吓走/ 吓跑……
scare sb. into doing sth. 威胁/ 恐吓某人做某事
scare sb. to death 把某人吓得要死
scary adj. 恐怖的，吓人的
a scary movie 恐怖电影
◆单句语法填空
（1） When we are getting excited，angry or （scare），our bodies also go through many physical changes.
（2）［词汇复现］The turkey was scared at the sight of us.
（3）［词汇复现］I really thought I was going to fall—it was a （ scare）moment.
（4）［词汇复现］The atmosphere was and we felt staying in the room.（scare）
◆单句写作
（5） Many customers have been （被吓得买）organic food.
（6） The local farmers used to light a fire （ 吓跑）the wolves.
（7） She was （害怕进入）the yard because she was__________________ （害怕被咬）by the big dog lying at the gate.
scared
away/off
scary
scary
scared
scared into buying
to scare away/off
scared to go into
scared of being bitten
词汇十二 sharp（1）adj. （增长、下跌等）急剧的；锋利的；明显的；鲜明的；
敏锐的；（语言）尖刻的；剧烈的；急转的
（2）adv. （用于时间后表示准时）整
◆教材原句
Many Americans complain about the sharp increase in the cost of health care and health insurance
recently. 许多美国人抱怨最近医疗保健和医疗保险费用的急剧增加。
◆要点必记
sharp-eyed 目光敏锐的 a sharp tongue 说话刻薄
a sharp sense of humour 很强的幽默感 a sharp increase 急剧增加
be sharp with 对……说话刻薄 a sharp bend/turn 急转弯
◆词语积累
sharply adv. 急剧地，大幅度地；严厉地，毫不客气地
fall sharply 急剧下降
sharpen vt. （使）变得锋利
◆写出下列句中sharp 的含义
（1）［词汇复现］Unfortunately，I cut my foot on a sharp stone and caught my hair on a branch.
___________
（2）［词汇复现］As we all know，an eagle has sharp eyesight. ___________
（3）［词汇复现］When we got to the church it was seven o’clock sharp. ___________
（4） All the footmarks are quite sharp and clear. ___________
（5） Suddenly，he felt a sharp pain in the stomach. ___________
（6）［词汇复现］He fainted when riding to work. The bike made a sharp turn to the left.
___________
◆单句语法填空
（7） The price of petrol has risen （sharp）since last month.
（8）［词汇复现］The pencil doesn’t write well；I should （sharp）it before I draw the great figure.
（9）［词汇复现］He was sharp his colleagues when they werelate.
尖的
敏锐的
整
清晰的
剧烈的
急转的
sharply
sharpen
with
词汇十三 energetic adj. 精力充沛的；充满活力的
◆教材原句
One of the advantages of hiring energetic and positive young people is that they tend to show interest
in their work and they are eager to learn . 雇用精力充沛、积极向上的年轻人的好处之一是，他
们往往对自己的工作表现出兴趣，并且渴望学习。
◆要点必记
be energetic in doing 积极地做 an energetic boy 一个精力充沛的男孩
◆词语积累
energy n. 活力，精力；能源，能量 be full of energy 精力充沛
have the energy to do sth. 有精力做某事 apply/devote one’s energies to... 把某人的精力花……上
◆词语辨析 strength，force，energy 与 power
易混词辨析
strength 体力；强度；强项
force 武力，暴力；部队
energy 精力，活力；能量
power 权力；能力；动力
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］The teenagers have many virtues，who are lively and （energy）.
（2） He works so hard that he doesn’t have the energy （exercise）.
◆单句写作
（3） You are always （精力充沛的）. Can you tell me the secret
（4） Do you wake up every morning （感到精力充沛）and ready to start a new day
◆辨析填空（strength/force/energy/power）
（5） The army officer，full of and great ，finally took by .
（这位军官精力充沛，力气巨大，终于以武力夺取了政权。）
（6）［词汇复现］I hold the belief that knowledge is .
（7）［词汇复现］The peace-keeping marched into the country.
（8）［词汇复现］Among the staff，he has no match in .
（9） Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas，wind and other forms of .
energetic
to exercise
full of energy
feeling energetic
energy
strength
force
power
force
strength
energy
power
词汇十四 replace vt. 接替；取代；更换
◆教材原句
The student union will hold a special meeting in January to elect someone to replace the secretary.
学生会将在1 月份举行一次特别会议，选举一个人来代替秘书。
◆要点必记
replace A with B 用 B 代替 A
replacement n. 替换；更换；接替者
a replacement for ……的替代品/ 替补
◆归纳拓展
“代替”的表达法：
replace，in place of，take the place of，in one’s place，take one’s place，instead of
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］He replaced the pudding mashed potatoes.
（2） It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should （replace）with a modern hotel or not.
（3） If your passport is stolen，you should apply for a （replace） immediately.
◆同义句转换
（4） There is something wrong with my bike，so I decide to replace it with a new one.
→ There is something wrong with my bike，so I decide to use a new one___________it.
with
be replaced
replacement
in place of
重点句式
句式一 “否定词+ 比较级”表示最高级含义
◆教材原句
To a person nothing is more precious than their life... 对一个人来说，没有什么比生命更珍贵了……
◆句式分析
“ 否定词 + 比较级”，即形容词的比较级用于否定结构中，可以表示最高级含义。
◆学法点拨
其他表示最高级的句型：
the + 最高级 + 比较范围 =...than any other + 单数名词 =...than all the others
not so...as 和can’t too...to/can never
too...to 也可以表示最高级。
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］I’m really grateful for your help；nobody else could do （much）.
（2）［词汇复现］Nobody loves money better he does；he takes advantage of every chance to make money.
（3） No one is so blind those who won’t see.
（4） You can not be careful when crossing the street.
◆同义句转换
（5） He is the most helpful student in his class.
→ You can’t find student in his class.
→ He is more helpful than student in his class.
→ He is more helpful than students in his class.
more
than
as
too
a more helpful
any other
all the other
句式二 would rather 宁愿
◆教材原句
She responded，“I’d rather stay single to study all my life!”
她回答说，“我宁愿终生保持单身去学习！”
◆句式分析 “ would rather + 动词原形 /have done” 表示“宁愿做某事/ 宁愿做过某事”。
◆要点必记
would rather do... than do...宁愿做……而不愿做……
= would do... rather than do...
= prefer to do... rather than do...
would rather（not）do/have done...宁愿（不）做……
would rather+ 从句
◆误区警示
would rather 后接从句时，若表示与现在或将来情况相反，从句用一般过去时；若表示与过去
情况相反，从句用过去完成时。
◆单句语法填空
（1） She would rather （move）to another city immediately.
（2） Jane would rather （be）more careful at that time.
（3） I’d rather you （meet）her at the airport tomorrow morning.
（4）［词汇复现］He complained that he’d rather he （be）more strict with us then.
（5） Tom would rather live an independent life rely on his parents.
◆单句写作
（6） I would walk the dog after supper （而不是）at home.
（7） （而不是）take a bus to school，I prefer to go on foot.
◆同义句转换
（8） I’d rather have a try than wait doing nothing.
→ I have a try rather than wait doing nothing.
（9） I would rather have hired him as my secretary last year.
→ I would rather I him as my secretary last year.
move
have been
met
had been
than
rather than
Rather than
would
had hired
句式三 see sb. doing 看到某人正在做
◆教材原句
At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care.
有时人们甚至会看到她骑着毛驴去遥远的村庄提供医疗服务。
◆句式分析
本句是“see+ 宾语+ 现在分词”结构，表示宾语正在做某事，其中宾语与分词之间是主动关系。
◆要点必记
see 的复合结构：
see sb. do（看到动作全过程或动作经常发生，在被动句中用be seen to do）
see sb. doing（看到动作正在进行）
see sb. done（看到某人被……，表示动作完成或一种状态）
◆学法点拨
除see 外，感官动词hear，notice，watch，observe 等也有以上用法。
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］I looked up and saw a beautiful bird （stand）on a branch.
（2）［词汇复现］The manager was satisfied to see many pots of good quality________
（make）after great effort.
（3）［词汇复现］His colleague was seen （enter）the building at that moment.
（4） I saw the old man （disappear）in the distance.
（5） The old man was seen （disappear）in the distance.
（6） The children noticed the thief （take）away by a group of policemen.
◆单句写作
（7）［词汇复现］ （看见太阳升起）above the surface of the sea，we let out a shout of joy.
（8） When he （看见所有的文件散落）here and there on the floor，he began to get angry.
standing
made
entering
disappear
to disappear
taken
Seeing the sun rising
saw all his papers lying(共11张PPT)
UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES
Section A Listening and Speaking
核心词汇
词汇一 dilemma n. 进退两难的境地；困境
◆教材原句
Talk about moral dilemmas 讨论道德困境
◆要点必记
moral dilemma 道德困境 in a dilemma 处于进退两难的境地
face a dilemma 面临进退两难的困境 get out of a dilemma 摆脱两难的处境
◆单句语法填空
单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］I am grateful that you help me get out of the dilemma I was .
单句写作
（2） Many moms （面临两难的处境）about whether they should
go back to work or not.
题组练·领悟方法
face the dilemma
in
词汇二 be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事
◆教材原句
Jane is eager to share the magazine article with Luke. 简很想和卢克分享这篇杂志文章。
◆要点必记
be eager for sth. 渴求某事物
be eager in 热衷于
◆词语积累
eagerly adv. 急切地；渴望地；热心地
look at sb. eagerly 急切地看着某人
eagerness n. 渴望；热心
with eagerness 急切地单句写作
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］Faced with the good chance，they are eager （take）
advantage of it.
（2）［词汇复现］They were crowded in the church，eager any news.
（3）［词汇复现］She is eager （dress）up for the ceremony.
（4） His （eager）to find a job is clear to everyone.
（5） The children （eager）learn something new from the teacher every day.
（6） The little girl，who is helped by the Project Hope，is eager knowledge
and eager （make）progress，so she is eager her study and is
always praised by her teachers.
in
to make
for
eagerly
eagerness
to dress
for
to take
词汇三 disagree with 不同意，与……有分歧；不一致；不适应
◆教材原句
If people strongly disagree with something，they might exaggerate their intonation. 如
果人们强烈反对某事，他们可能会夸大他们的语调。
◆要点必记
disagree with sb. on/about/over sth. 与某人在某方面有分歧
disagree with sb. （食物或天气）使某人身体不适
in disagreement with 与…… 不符合；与……不一致
agree with 同意；适应；一致
in agreement with 与……意见一致
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］I disagree you on how to decorate the house.
（2）［词汇复现］I don’t like mashed potatoes，which disagree me.
（3） Higher-ups make the final decisions，even if others might （agree）.
◆单句写作
（4） Experts （意见不统一）how much the programme will cost.
（5）［词汇复现］To be frank，I （不同意）what you
said just now.
with
with
disagree
disagree on/over/about
disagree with/don’t agree with
词汇四 be faced with 面临；面对
◆教材原句
Think about what you would do if you were ever faced with the same situation as the girl.
想想如果你遇到和那个女孩一样的情况，你会怎么做。
◆要点必记
in the face of sth. 面对（问题、困难等） face to face 面对面地
lose face 丢脸，失面子 save face 保全面子
make faces/a face 做鬼脸 face the music 勇于承担后果；接受惩罚
face the sea 面朝大海 face north/east 朝北/ 朝东
look in the face 正视（某人） Let’s face it! 面对现实吧！
◆误区警示
be faced with 不表示被动意义，仅表示主语的一种状态。作状语、定语或补语时，要用过
去分词短语faced with。现在分词facing 作状语时，表示“面对，面临”，其后直接跟宾语，
不与介词with 连用。
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］To his joy，the problem he was faced was not so challenging.
（2） （face）with these pressures，you can watch a comedy to relax.
（3）［词汇复现］ （face）a range of choices，he was at a loss.
（4） They didn’t give up the face of difficulties.
（5） Ever since then I’ve been longing to meet him face face.
with
Faced
Facing
in
to
◆单句写作
（6） Talking with friends （面对面地）is a good way to reduce the
pressure from work and life.
（7） When （面对）the unexpected accident，he kept calm and saved
his son from the burning building.
（8）［词汇复现］Dressed up in his best clothes，the boy （做
鬼脸）at the customers.
◆一句多译
（9）［词汇复现］面对这一重大变化，大家都深受鼓舞。
the significant change，everyone felt greatly
encouraged.
In the face of/Faced with/Facing
made a face/made faces
faced with
face to face
重点句式
句式一 抽象名词后的定语从句
◆教材原句
A moral dilemma is a situation in which you have two or more difficult choices to make. 道德困境
是指你必须做出两个或更多艰难选择的情况。
◆句式分析
本句是一个主从复合句，其中in which you have... 是定语从句，修饰先行词a situation。
◆要点必记
当先行词不是地点名词而是一些抽象名词，如situation, case, point, activity, position, job, work，
life 等时，如果定语从句缺少状语，则需用where 或in which 引导。
◆误区警示
上述单词后面的定语从句如果缺少主语则需用that 或which 引导；如果缺少宾语，则用that，
which 或者省略。
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］They are struggling to reach a point anyone enjoy the freedom
of religion.
（2）［词汇复现］There are many activities during Rio Carnival he can march
along.
（3）［词汇复现］To be brief，I don’t want a job I am chained to a desk for 8
hours every day.
（4）［词汇复现］We use “dilemma” to describe a difficult situation you have
to choose between two or more outcomes.
◆句型转换
（5） He got into a situation where it is hard to make a decision.
→ He got into a situation it is hard to make a decision.
（6）［词汇复现］He was faced with a hard situation he was trying to find ways to get
out of.
→ He was faced with a hard situation he was trying to find ways to get out of.
where
where
where
where
in which
that/which(共29张PPT)
UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES
Section D Listening and Talking，
Reading for Writing &
Assessing Your Progress
核心词汇
词汇一 disguise （1）vt. 装扮；假扮；掩盖 （2）n. 伪装；化装用具
◆教材原句
Early one morning，the king disguised himself and went to a local village.
一天清晨，国王乔装打扮去了当地的一个村庄。
◆要点必记
in disguise 伪装；乔装
disguise sb. as 把某人伪装成
a blessing in disguise 塞翁失马
in the disguise of 伪装，假扮成；托辞；以……为借口
题组练·领悟方法
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］The respected prince was really a beggar disguise.
（2） He disguised himself a woman for fun.
（3） He went about the disguise of a sailor.
◆单句写作
（4） Nobody knows me in that motorbike. I’m （乔装打扮）.
（5） Ali Baba did not recognise the robber （假扮成）an oil
merchant.
in
as
in
in disguise
in the disguise of
词汇二 pick oneself up（跌倒后）站起来
◆教材原句
He picked himself up and angrily went away. 他站起来，生气地走开了。
◆要点必记
pick up 好转，增强；继续，重新开始
pick sth./sb. up 接人，取物；捡起；无意中学会；感染；得到；接收（信号等）
pick up a coin 捡起一枚硬币
pick up the phone 接起电话
pick up sb. 开车接某人
pick up French 习得法语
pick up bad habits 染上坏习惯
pick up a signal 接收信号
pick up speed 加速
◆归纳拓展
pick out 精心挑选；辨认出
◆写出下列句中pick up 的含义
（1） He drove to the airport to pick up his daughter Jane. _____________
（2） When bending to pick up the book on the floor，his back hurt. _____________
（3） It’s surprising that your brother picked up Russian so quickly. _____________
（4）［词汇复现］Much to our joy，we can pick up the BBC World Service at home.
_____________
（5）［词汇复现］Not long after the operation，Jim picked up soon. _____________
（6）［词汇复现］Though tripping over a box，he quickly picked himself up and went on
running. _____________
开车去接
捡起，拾起
学会
好转
接收
（跌倒后）站起来
词汇三 trip over 被……绊倒
◆教材原句
One woman tripped over the stone and her water pot went crashing to the ground.
一位妇女被石头绊倒了，她的水壶哗啦一声掉在地上。
◆要点必记
trip vi. 绊倒，跌倒；作短途旅行 n. （尤指短程往返的）旅行
trip sb. up 将某人绊倒
on a trip 在旅途中
business trip 公务旅行，出差；商务旅行
round/return trip 往返旅行/ 回程
take/make/go on a trip 旅游；去旅行
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］Move this box elsewhere or someone might trip _____it.
（2） When I passed，he stuck out a leg and tried to trip me .
（3） She （trip）and fell，breaking her glasses.
（4）［词汇复现］In the past decade，we’ve made several trips Dali.
◆单句写作
（5） If you leave your shoes lying around like that，______________________
（你会被它们绊倒的）.
up
over
tripped
to
you’ll trip over them
词汇四 in tears 流着泪；含着泪
◆教材原句
She picked herself up and limped away in tears. 她站起来，一瘸一拐地哭着走了。
◆要点必记
burst into tears 突然大哭起来 fight back tears 忍住眼泪
tears of joy 欢乐的泪水 be bathed in tears 泪流满面
be moved to tears 感动得流泪 hold back one’s tears 忍住泪水
be close to tears 快流泪了
◆词语积累
tear v.（ tore，torn）撕破；撕掉，拔掉
tear apart 撕毁；撕碎 tear down 拆除，拆掉
tear up 撕毁，撕碎（文件等） tear at 撕扯；撕裂
tear oneself away from 依依不舍地离开
◆单句语法填空
（1） The boy stood there，looking at his mother tears.
（2） It was such a sad film that we were moved tears.
（3）［词汇复现］He burst tears when he knew that his colleague suffered a lot.
（4）［词汇复现］Hearing that the operation was a success，tears joy streamed down her
face.
◆单句写作
（5） She couldn’t （忍住眼泪）when she heard the news.
（6） He was enjoying the fun and couldn’t （使自己依依不舍地离开）.
（7） A lot of the old tower blocks have been （拆毁）to make way for new housing.
in
to
into
of
hold back her tears
tear himself away from
torn down
词汇五 in despair 处于绝望中
◆教材原句
The king was in despair，“Is there no one in this village who feels any responsibility to keep their
neighbours from harm ”
国王绝望了，“难道这个村子里没有人觉得有责任保护他们的邻居不受伤害吗 ”
◆要点必记
despair n. 绝望 vi. 绝望；感到无望
be the despair of sb. 令某人担心/ 绝望
be driven to despair 被逼得走投无路
a sense of despair 绝望感
◆词语积累
despairing adj. 感到绝望的
a despairing cry/look 一种绝望的呼声/ 神情
◆单句语法填空
（1） He gave up the struggle despair.
（2） My handwriting was the despair my teachers.
（3）With every day that passed he became even more （despair）.
◆单句写作
（4） （一种深深的绝望感）flooded him.
（5） （从他绝望的神情判断），he must have been
rejected.
（6） （不要绝望）! We will think of a way out of this.
in
of
despairing
A deep sense of despair
Judging from his despairing look
Don’t despair
词汇六 harm n. & vt. 伤害；损害
◆要点必记
be of great harm 危害极大的
do harm to sb./sth.（=do sb./sth. harm）对某人/ 某物有害
mean no harm 没有恶意
There is no harm in（one’s）doing sth.=There is no harm（for sb.）to do sth.
（某人）做某事无妨/ 无害。
◆词语积累
harmful adj. 有害的 harmless adj. 无害的
be harmful to 对……有害 be harmless to 对……无害
◆词语辨析 injure，hurt，wound 与 harm
·injure 指在事故或打斗中受伤。
·hurt 指肉体伤害或感情伤害。
·wound 指用刀、枪等武器伤害。
·harm 指伤害人的健康、权利、事业等。
◆单句语法填空
（1） Try to choose products that do the least harm the environment.
（2） Staying up too often will be great harm to people’s health.
（3） As a matter of fact，in and of itself，the Internet is （harm）.
（4） Most children are fond of sweets but they may be （harm）to their teeth.
◆单句写作
（5）［词汇复现］The boy apologised in tears，saying that he （没有恶意）.
（6） He may disagree，but （……无害）asking.
◆辨析填空（injure/hurt/wound/harm）
（7） Reading in the sun will your eyes.
（8）［词汇复现］Five people were killed and a majority were seriously in the attack.
（9） Luckily she was not badly in the accident and we took her to the nearest hospital.
（10）He ignored her on purpose，which her feelings.
to
of
harmless
harmful
meant no harm
there is no harm in
harm
wounded
injured
hurt
词汇七 a great deal（of）大量
◆教材原句
After a great deal of effort，she finally succeeded in moving it to the side of the street.
经过很大的努力，她终于成功地把它搬到了街道的一边。
◆要点必记
a great deal of + n.［ U］大量的
a great deal 大量，非常（可以单独使用，也可以修饰形容词、副词的比较级）
◆归纳拓展
表示“许多”的词（组）
· 修饰可数名词：many，many a，several，a couple of，（a）few，a great/good many，a
good/great/large number of
· 修饰不可数名词：much，（a）little，a large amount of，amounts of（谓语用复数）
· 既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词：a lot of，lots of，a quantity of，quantities of
（谓语用复数），plenty of
◆单句语法填空
（1） A great deal of attention （be）being paid today to children’s education.
（2）［词汇复现］Typically，fishing is a hobby which calls for a great deal of _________
（patient）.
（3） It takes a great deal bravery to stand up to your enemies，but a great deal_________
（much） to stand up to your colleagues.
◆辨析填空（a number of/a great deal of）
（4） work has been done to improve our living environment.
（5）［词汇复现］ students have been sent to help harvest rice on the farm.
is
patience
of
more
A great deal of
A number of
词汇八 belong to 属于
◆教材原句
“ Oh sir,” the girl said，“does this gold belong to you ...”
“哦，先生，”女孩说，“这些金币是你的吗？……”
◆要点必记
（1）belong to sb. 属于某人，归某人所有
belong to a club 是俱乐部的成员
（2）belongings n. （pl.）所有物；财产，财物
a sense of belonging 归属感
personal belongings（pl.）个人财物，私人用品
◆误区警示
· belong to 既无被动语态，也不用于进行时态。但可用现在分词作后置定语。
· to 是介词，后面跟名词或人称代词宾格作宾语而不能跟名词所有格或者物主代词。
◆单句语法填空
（1） I really don’t know whom this computer belongs.
（2）［词汇复现］The car belonging to （he）was seriously broken in a traffic
accident.
（3） The house （belong）to me stands in the centre of the city.
（4） I just escaped from the flood and all my belongings （sweep）away.
◆单句写作
（5） Living abroad，he doesn’t have （归属感）.
（6）［词汇复现］Do you think these boxes of medicine （ 属于）that clinic
to
him
belonging
were swept
a sense of belonging
belong to
词汇九 income n. 收入；收益
◆教材原句
According to a recent survey，the staff of doctors believed their incomes did not match how hard
they worked. 根据最近的一项调查，医生们认为他们的收入与工作的努力程度不相称。
◆要点必记
a high/large income 高收入 a low/small income 低收入
the average income 平均收入 have an income of 有……的收入
a source of income 收入来源
◆词语辨析 income，pay，salary 与 wage
·income 指收入、收益、所得。
·pay 指工资、薪水。
·salary 通常指按月发放的薪水、薪金。
·wage 通常指按周领取的工资、工钱。
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］The physician （ 收入很高）.
（2） We （有……的收入）over ＄100，000 a year.
（3） （平均收入）has risen by 45% over the past year.
（4） （低收入者）find it difficult to pay their fuel bills.
◆辨析填空（income/pay/salary/wage）
（5） Teachers will be awarded a 6% increase this year.
（6） For most people， are the main source of .
has a high/large income
have an income of
The average income
People on low incomes
pay/salary
wages
income
词汇十 lie in 在于
◆教材原句
If you see no reason for giving thanks，the fault lies in yourself.
如果你找不到感恩的理由，那是你自己的错。
◆要点必记
lie in bed 躺在床上 lie in 睡懒觉（=sleep in）
lie in ruins 成为废墟 lie in wait for（sb.）埋伏以待（某人）
◆词语辨析
·lie v. （lay，lain，lying）躺；位于
lie on one’s stomach 趴着
lie on one’s back 仰面躺着
lie down 躺下
·lie v. & n. （lied，lied，lying）撒谎
tell a lie 撒谎
a white lie 一个善意的谎言
·lay vt. （laid，laid，laying）放置；产卵，下蛋
lay down 放下；停止使用
◆单句语法填空
（1） At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River （lie）
Chongqing，one of the ten largest cities in China.
（2）［词汇复现］With the baby （lie）on her laps，she was reading her a story.
（3）［词汇复现］With the young man assisting her，she （lay）down the heavy
box on the table.
（4）［词汇复现］In despair，he （lie）down，tears filling his eyes.
（5）［词汇复现］He （lie）to me that he tripped over a rock and had his legs broken.
◆单句写作
（6） His progress in study （在于）the good use he made of his spare time.
（7） It goes without saying that failure often （ 在于懒惰）while hard work
leads to success.
（8）［词汇复现］The physician asked him to （趴下）.
lies
lying
laid
lay
lied
lies in
lies in laziness
lie on his stomach
词汇十一 concentrate on 集中精力于；全神贯注于
◆教材原句
If you concentrate on what you don’t have，you will never，ever have enough.
如果你专注于你所没有的，你将永远不会满足。
◆要点必记
concentrate...on... 集中……于……，把注意力集中于……
concentrate one’s efforts/attention on...集中精力/ 注意力于……
◆归纳拓展
类似表示“专心于，致力于”的短语还有：
be lost in 埋头于
be buried in 埋头于
devote oneself to 致力于（=be devoted to）
be absorbed in 全神贯注于
focus（one’s attention）on 集中（注意力）于
fix one’s attention on 集中注意力于
◆单句语法填空
（1） I’m concentrating my efforts preparing for tomorrow’s interview.
（2） I decided to concentrate my efforts on （find）a good job.
◆单句写作
（3） All these worries made it impossible for her to （集中精力于）her
work.
（4）With all the noise going on in the café，I can’t _________________________________
（集中我的注意力于）my writing.
◆一句多译: 她试图集中精神工作。
（5） She tries to .（concentrate）
（6） She tries to .（focus）
（7） She tries to .（devote）
on
finding
concentrate/focus on
concentrate/focus my attention on
concentrate on her work
focus on her work
devote herself to her work
重点句式
句式一 独立主格结构
◆教材原句
After a while，a group of women came along，each balancing a pot of water on her head.
过了一会儿，来了一群妇女，每人头上顶着一壶水。
◆句式分析
句中的each balancing a pot of water on her head 是“代词+ v. -ing”构成的独立主格。其中each 是逻辑
主语，即动作的发出者。
◆要点必记
·独立主格的构成：名词/ 代词+ 现在分词/ 过去分词/ 不定式/ 形容词/ 副词/介词短语。
·作用：在句中充当时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随状语。
·特点：逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，一般用逗号与句子的其他部分隔开。
·“there + being”结构
这种结构多放在句首，常表示原因，其中being 不可省略。
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］Time （permit），I’ll assist you cleaning the kitchen.
（2）［词汇复现］It （be）hot，many people sit in the shade of the maple.
（3）［词汇复现］There （be）no truck，we had to use carts.
（4） Lots of work （do），I have no time to dance.
（5）［词汇复现］Tom （appoint）as captain，we went to congratulate him.
（6）［词汇复现］Nobody （feel）satisfied with the new table，it was replaced soon.
◆单句写作
（7） He came into the room， （他的鼻子冻得通红）.
（8）A ceremony was held in memory of the hero，___________________________________
（每人戴着一朵白花）.
permitting
being
being
to do
appointed
feeling
his nose red with cold
each person wearing a white flower
句式二 neither... nor 既不……也不
◆教材原句
Neither she nor her friends thought about moving the stone out of the road.
她和她的朋友们都没想过把石头从道路上移开。
◆句式分析
neither A nor B 在句中连接并列主语，表示“两者都不”。
◆要点必记
（ 1）neither...nor... 是并列连词，可以连接并列成分，当连接主语时，谓语动词的单复数遵循
“就近原则”。
（ 2）neither...nor... 也可以连接句子，但需用部分倒装语序。
◆学法点拨
类似“就近一致”的结构还有：
either... or...；not only... but also...；not...but...；there be...
◆单句语法填空
（1）［词汇复现］Neither he nor I （have）ever been to this chain store before.
（2） Neither the students nor the teacher （know）the reason why she is behaving so
strangely.
（3） Not only Lucy but also her friends （be）going to take part in the boat race.
◆单句写作
（4）［词汇复现］There are occasions that _________________________（要么让我们享
受生活）or forget about our work for a little while.
（5） In my opinion，this kind of method is _________________________（既不灵活也不
高效）.
have
knows
are
either allow us to enjoy life
neither flexible nor efficient
句式三 if not 如果不是这样的话；不然，否则
◆教材原句
If not，we surely must find the owner，for he will certainly miss it.
如果不是，我们一定要找到失主，因为他一定是弄丢了。
◆句式分析
if not 是省略if 从句的省略结构。
◆要点必记
某些句式经过长期发展已成为固定搭配：
if so 如果是这样的话
if any 如果有的话
if ever 如果曾经有的话
if possible 如果可能的话
if necessary 如有必要的话
◆单句语法填空
（1） Are you tired If ，let’s have a rest.
（2） Are you ready If ，I’m going cycling without you.
（3） Do you have any money with you If ，lend me some.
（4） I don’t remember if I have been there before. If ，that must be when I was very
young.
◆单句写作
（5） Take more exercise. （不然的话），you will be overweight.
so
not
any
ever
If not
