中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
人教（2019版）必修第一册第四单元
Unit 4 Natural disasters
Period 2 Reading and thinking
Period 2
课题内容 Unit 4 Natural disasters Period 2 Reading and thinking
教材分析 This teaching period mainly deal with reading and thinking .Students are expected to the knowledge about how to find the main ideas through the topic sentences. The teachers are expected to enable students to master some reading skills.
学习目标与核心素养 1.Knowledge objectives: Learn about the basic information of the Tangshan earthquake.Enable students to acquire the basic usage of some words and phrases.2.Skill objectives: Identify the language features of literary journalism and the structures of the text.Enable students have a good understanding of reading skills.3.Emotional objectives: Appreciate the figures of speech and writing skills used in the text.Develop students’ sense of cooperative learning and individual capability.4.Thinking quality objectives: Inspire the students’ spirit of protecting the environment.Grasp and use some words and phrases to describe a natural disaster.
学习重点 how to focus on key words, not on single words or grammar.
学习难点 talk about the related topics, such as how to invite a friend to a sports event and voice one’s own opinions about sportsmanship.
1. ruin&vt破坏；毁坏
Ruin oneself 毁了自己
Ruin the reputation 破坏声誉
Ruin one’s hope /heath 毁掉某人的希望、健康
In ruins 成为废墟
2.shock n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克
V使震惊
Shocking adj 令人震惊的；
Shocked adj震惊的
N的短语
Electric shock 触电，
In shock 震惊地
With a great shock 大为震惊
V短语
Be shocked by/at sth对……感到震惊
Be shocked to do sth震惊地做某事
Be shocked that 对…..感到震惊
It shocks sb to do sth做某事让某人震惊
It shocks sb that ……让某人感到震惊
It was shocked to learn that he had been in prison.
It shocked me to learn that he had been in prison.
It shocked me that he had been in prison.
对于他做过牢的这件事感到震惊
3.trap v 使落入陷阱；使落入圈套
n.险境，陷阱
set a trap 设圈套
trap sb /sth in sth 使….困于
trap sb into (doing)sth诱骗某人做某事
they were trapped in the burning hotel.
他们被困在发生火灾的旅馆
Be trapped in 被困在
Be caught in 陷入，被困在
4.bury v埋葬；安葬；掩埋
Bury one’s face/head in one’s hands
双手掩面、双手抱头
Bury one’s feelings
隐藏感情，感情不外露
Bury oneself in =be buried in 埋头于，专心于
Bury yourself in your work/ studies 埋头于工作，学习
专心于：
Be lost in
Devoted oneself to = be devoted to
Concentrate on
Be absorbed in
Focus on
Bury the old world and build a new one
埋葬旧世界，建设新世界
He buried his face in his hands and burst into tears.
他双手掩面，突然大哭起来。
5.effort n.努力
Effortless adj不费力气的，应付自如地
Make an effort /efforts to do sth努力做某事
Put effort into 对某事付出很大努力
Spare no effort to do sth不遗余力 做某事
With effort 努力地
Without effort 毫不费力地
6. suffer v遭受；受苦
Suffering n.痛苦；受害者
Sufferer n.受难者；患者
Suffer pain 遭受疼痛
Loss 遭受损失
Hunger 遭受饥饿
Shame 蒙羞
Shock 遭受打击
Misfortune遭受不幸
Suffer from 因…..而遭受损失、痛苦
句型
1．句型：too＋adj.＋to...“太……不……”
(教材P50)Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings.
鸡甚至猪都紧张得吃不下东西，狗也不愿意进圈舍里去。
too ＋ adj. for sb. to do sth. ...意为 “太……而不能……”，表示否定意义
①I was too young to understand the meaning of the film.我太年幼，不理解这部电影的含义。
②The problem is too difficult for me to settle.这个问题太难了，我解决不了。
[即学即练] 一句多译
小男孩太小了不能去上学。
(1)The little boy is so_young_that_he can't go to school.
(2)The little boy is_too_young_to_go_to school.
名师指津：牢记too... to...表示否定意义，可以与so... that...句型相互转换。
构词法：
1. 名词+-less构成含否定意义的形容词, 意为“不, 无”: 例如: breath + -less → breathless 喘不上气的
tire→tireless adj. 不倦的
color→colorless adj. 无色的
home→homeless adj. 无家可归的
effort→effortless adj. 不费力的
end→endless adj. 无尽的
2. “介词in + 名词”构成的短语, 在句中作状语或表语, 例如: in shock 震惊地
in danger处于危险中 in trouble有麻烦
in surprise惊讶地 in need急需
3.句型： as if ＝ as though“仿佛；好像”，可用来引导表语从句
(教材P50)It seemed as if the world were coming at an end！仿佛到了世界末日！
1 as if从句用陈述语气：从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的
2 as if从句用虚拟语气：
①从句用一般过去时 与现在的事实相反
②从句用过去完成时 与过去的事实相反
③从句用would/could/might do形式 与将来的事实相反
①Look at the clouds in the sky！It looks as if it is going to rain. Let's hurry up.
看看天上的乌云！看起来要下雨，咱们快一点。
②He talks to them as if they were children.他同他们说话，就当他们是孩子一样。
名师指津：as if
解题的关键在于能明白是对现在、过去还是将来的虚拟；如果对现在的虚拟，系动词be不管是第几人称都用were。
（一）高考链接
1.I ______________(shock )when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
2.(2018北京)They were shocked_________ (find)two policemen standing next to the car.
3.A tough man can tolerate _____________. (suffer)
4.A young English teacher saved the lives of 30 students when he took control of a bus after its driver __________________ (suffer)a serious heart attack.
5.A tough man can tolerate _____________. (suffer)
6.The pony had actually _______________(trap)between two rocks.
7.Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food
Many village communities feel their countryside_____ _____ ____________by the power-producing machines of wind farms.
8.because of our____________(effort),our daughter Gerogia did decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl…..
9.This of course created a new problem :dirty practically____________(bury )the first floors of every building in Chicago.
（一）
1.She is suffering_________________the loss of her son and doesn’t know what she will go through without him.
2.Buried____________his work. he didn't notice it was already dark outside the factory.
3. Wherever we went, we found everything was in_________________(ruin) and it seemed as
if the world was at an end
4. Then came the________________( shock )news that her little brother was killed in a car accident
It is important to remember that success is a sum of small____________(effort)made each day and often takes years to achieve.
（二）
1. Every year, there are many natural ______(灾害) in our country. For example, in the north, ______(干旱) is common, while in the south ______(洪水) and ______(滑坡) happen frequently. They often cause great ______(损坏), even ______(死亡).
2. A great______(龙卷风) hit America. Many hoses were ______(破坏), so local residents had to seek ______(避难处) in city stadium. Many main streets were covered by ______(砖头) and ______(金属) pieces. ______(电) is hard to get. Also the local economy was badly ______(影响). The government sent helicopters to evacuate those who were______(困住). The volunteer organizations also made every effort ______(努力)to offer a hand.
3.
in ruins, instead of, fall down, come to an end, dig out,
go through, in shock, as usual, be trapped in, as if/though
1. I quite understand your present worry because I have______ what you are experiencing now.
2. Years of fighting has left the city______ ; it would take a lot of money to rebuild it.
3. The boy walked slowly ______ he had hurt his leg.
4. Cheer up! The world is not ______!
5. The shelter might _______ if it rains more heavily.
6. ______being annoyed, he seemed quite pleased.
7. When the young man ______the building, he felt very helpless.
8. The survivors were______ , wondering how long the disaster would last.
9. That day he went to work out______ in the gym .
10. It was reported that an American couple had______ a lot of gold coins from their own yard.
（三）
Getting enough sleep can be difficult in today's world. __1__ If you have trouble going to sleep on time, there are a few things you can do.
Know how much sleep you need. __2__ Children need 9 11 hours of sleep per day. Teenagers require 8 10 hours of sleep each night. Adults generally need 7 9 hours of sleep per night. Knowing how much sleep you need each night will help you know when you need to set your bedtime.
Get ready for bed at the same time every night. Don't wait until you start to feel sleepy, as this may keep you up longer than you want to stay awake. __3__ Set a suitable bedtime goal that works for your schedule.
Have a bedtime tradition. Doing the same things every night before bed will help signal (发信号) to your body that it is time to start getting sleepy. Try to create a sleep time tradition that you can perform every night before bed so that you get into the habit. __4__ Your bedtime tradition could include things like brushing your teeth or washing your face.
__5__ In an effort to lower your stress at bedtime, it might be useful to spend a little time preparing yourself for what you have to do in the morning. Feeling ready for the next day will help you relax and fall asleep more quickly. You can do things like picking out your clothes for the next day or packing your lunch for work.
A．Prepare yourself for the next day.
B．Different people have different sleep needs.
C．This will help you go to bed at the expected time every night.
D．Stop working at least one hour before bed so that you can relax a bit.
E．Reading in bed is one of the best ways to relax yourself after a long day.
F．However, if you don't get enough sleep, you'll feel tired and unhappy all the day.
G．Besides, getting ready for bed may cost you much time and make you sleep later than your expected bedtime.
高考链接答案：
1.was shocked
2.To find
3.suffering
4.Suffered.
5.Suffering.
6.Been trapped
7.is being ruined
8.Efforts
9.buried
（一）
1.from
2.in
3. ruins
4.shocking
5.Efforts
（二）
Ⅰ
disasters
drought
flood
landslide
damage
deaths
Ⅱ
tornado
destroyed
shelter
bricks
metal
Electricity
affected
trapped
Ⅲ
gone through
in ruins
as if/though
coming to an end
fall down
Instead of
was trapped in
in shock
as usual
dug out
（三）
【语篇解读】 本文就如何按时睡觉提出了几点建议。
1．答案与解析：F 根据本空前的“Getting enough sleep can be difficult in today's world.”及本空后的“If you have trouble going to sleep on time, there are a few things you can do.”可知，此处需要填一个承上启下的句子，说的是如果你没有足够的睡眠，你整天都会感到疲惫且情绪低落。
2．答案与解析：B 根据本空后的“Children need 9 11 hours of sleep per day... Adults generally need 7 9 hours of sleep per night.”可知，此处是指不同的人有不同的睡眠需求。
3．答案与解析：G 根据本空前的“Don't wait until you start to feel sleepy, as this may keep you up longer than you want to stay awake.”可知，此处与前面是递进关系，说的是准备睡觉的过程也会花费你很多时间，使你睡得比预期的时间晚。
4．答案与解析：C 根据本空前的“Try to create a sleep time tradition that you can perform every night before bed so that you get into the habit.”可知，此处承接上文，说的是这样做的好处。
5．答案与解析：A 根据本段内容，特别是“Feeling ready for the next day will help you relax and fall asleep more quickly.”可知，本段讲的是睡前为第二天做好准备对睡眠的好处。
考点分析
同步训练
___________________(共47张PPT)
Unit 4 Natural disasters
Period 2
Reading and Thinking
新人教版高中英语必修第一册
Discuss
Let’s talk!
01
章节 PART
Lead in
What Natural disasters do you know
Lead in
Lead in
Reading
02
章节 PART
Reading task
Reading skills
Use context to understand new words.
When you see a word you don’t know, don’t stop and look it up in a dictonary. If you continue reading, the context will probably help you understand what it means.
Let’s learn
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP
Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei.For several days, the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls. At least one well had some smelly gas coming out of it. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat,and dogs refused to go inside buildings.
Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide, and fish jumped out of the water.At about 3:00 a.m. on 28 July 1976, bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard. But the city's one million people were asleep as usual that night. But hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.Water and food were brought into the city by train,truck,and plane. Slowly, the city began to breathe again. Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet.
With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people,a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. The new city has become a home to more than seven million people,with great improvements in transportation, industry, and environment. Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
3.Read the text carefully and then write down the
main idea of each paragraph.
Paragrah1:________________________________________
Paragrah2:________________________________________
Paragrah3:________________________________________
Paragrah4:________________________________________
Pay attention to the topic sentence of each paragraph to find the main idea quickly
Help from all over the country.
Destruction of the earthquake
Suffering of the people and the city after the earthquake.
Warning signs before the earthquake.
2.Scan the text and find the words below .Guess what they mean from the text.
ruin brick trap bury
Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins
Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves,but no wind could blow them away.
废墟
砖
2.Scan the text and find the words below .Guess what they mean from the text.
ruin brick trap bury
Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150000 soldiers to
Tangshan to dig out who were trapped and to bury the dead.
使陷入圈套
埋葬
3.Read the sentences describing what happened after a huge earthquake. (Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the new words and phrases from the text.)
1.The huge earthquake left nearly the whole city_______________.
2. Everyone was________,think the word must surely be coming to an end.
3. Millions of people were left without water, food, or___________.
4.Soldiers and volunteers worked as hard as they could to pull away ________and rocks, and rescue thosewho were _________under the ruins.
in ruins
bricks
shelter
in shock
trapped
3.Read the sentences describing what happened after a huge earthquake. (Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the new words and phrases from the text.)
5.Some were found alive, though they were suffering from terrible
injuries, but others had already stopped ___________when they were
discovered.
6.A few buildings were still standing,but people were afraid to use them
as shelters, worrying they would be ________ if the buildings fell.
buried
breathing
Read the text again and answer the questions.
1 What were some of the strange things happening before the earthquake Do you think they were warning signs Why or why not
2 What does the writer mean by “Slowly , the city began to breathe again”
3 What kind of help do you think people who have suffered an earthquake need
Reading task
Read the text again and answer the questions .
1 What were some of the strange things happening before the earthquake Do you think they were warning signs Why or why not
Reading task
Read the text again and answer the questions.
2 What does the writer mean by “Slowly , the city began to breathe again”
Reading task
The writer means that the city began to function again,because the earthquake had stopped people and supplies moving about,and so it was like the city couldn,t breathe.By using the sentence “Slowly, the city began to breathe again,”the author intends to tell us that the city begins to come to life gradually.
Read the text again and answer the questions.
3 What kind of help do you think people who have suffered an earthquake need
Reading task
People who have suffered an earthquake need much help.First of all, they need people to help dig out those who are trapped under the ruins and bury the dead. What’s more, medical workers are needed to treat the victims in the earthquake.Water, food and shelter are what they really need after the earthquake.
Language points
03
章节 PART
1. ruin n&vt
ruin oneself
ruin the reputation
ruin one’s hope /health
in ruins
Language points
毁了自己
破坏声誉
毁掉某人的希望、健康
成为废墟
破坏；毁坏
1.（2018全国）Who would want _________their good workout by eating junk food
2.Many village communities feel their ountryside________________ by the power-producing machines of wind farms.
3.Sadly, the building was almost____________ :fires burned everywhere.
Language points
to ruin
is being ruined
in ruins
2.shock n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 V.使震惊
派生词：
adj. 令人震惊的；
adj. 震惊的
短语
electric shock
in shock
with a great shock
Language points
shocking
触电
震惊地
大为震惊
shocked
V短语
Be shocked by/at sth
Be shocked to do sth
Be shocked that
It shocks sb to do sth
It shocks sb that ……
Language points
对……感到震惊
震惊地做某事
对…..感到震惊
做某事让某人震惊
让某人感到震惊
我对于他做过牢的这件事感到震惊
It shocked me that he had been in prison.
It was shocked to learn that he had been in prison.
It shocked me to learn that he had been in prison.
Language points
Language points
Language points
3.trap v 使落入陷阱；使落入圈套
n.险境，陷阱
set a trap
trap sb /sth in sth
trap sb into (doing)sth
be trapped in
设圈套
使….困于
诱骗某人做某事
陷入，被困在
高考链接
(2015湖北) The pony had actually ______________(trap) between two rocks.
been trapped
Language points
Language points
4.bury v 埋葬；安葬；掩埋
bury’s face/head in one’s hands
bury one’s feelings
bury oneself in=be buried in
bury yourself in your work/ studies
Language points
双手掩面、双手抱头
隐藏感情，感情不外露
埋头于，专心于
埋头于工作，学习
高考链接
(2020湖南)This of course created a new problem :dirty practically _______ (bury )the first floors of every building in Chicago.
buried
Language points
Language points
5.effort n. 努力
effortless adj. 不费力气的，应付自如地
make an effort /efforts to do sth
put effort into
spare no effort to do sth with effort
without effort
Language points
努力做某事
对某事付出很大努力
不遗余力 做某事
毫不费力地
高考链接
（2018全国）Because of our____________(effort),our daughter Gerogia did decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl…..
efforts
Language points
Language points
Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings.
鸡甚至猪都紧张得吃不下东西，狗也不愿意进圈舍里去。
★too + adj. +for sb.+ to do sth. ...
意为 “太……而不能……”，表示否定意义，可以与so... that...句型相互转换。
Language points
Language points
It seemed as if the world were coming at an end！
仿佛到了世界末日！
★1as if从句用陈述语气：
从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的
★2as if从句用虚拟语气：
①从句用一般过去时,与现在的事实相反.
②从句用过去完成时,与过去的事实相反.
③从句用would/could/might do形式与将来的事实相反.
Language points
名词+-less构成含否定意义的形容词, 意为“不, 无”:
例如: breath + -less → breathless 喘不上气的
tire→tireless adj. 不倦的
color→colorless adj. 无色的
home→homeless adj. 无家可归的
effort→effortless adj. 不费力的
end→endless adj. 无尽的
Language points
“介词in + 名词”构成的短语, 在句中作状语或表语,
例如: in shock 震惊地
in danger 处于危险中
in trouble 有麻烦
in surprise 惊讶地
in need 急需
Language points
Practice
Part4
04
章节 PART
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the________ it caused had driven away a number of birds.
那年早些时候, 一场洪水袭击了这个地区, 它造成的破坏赶走了很多的鸟。
damage
Drills
高考链接
(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek _________during the daytime.
当然, 办法就是栽树, 因此动物可以在白天寻找遮阴。
shelter
Drills
高考链接
(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)he good news is that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the ________.
好消息是它简单易学, 值得你付出努力。
effort
Drills
高考链接
Work in groups . Discuss the questions.
1.What factors do you think helped in the revival of Tangshan city
2.What other cities or town have gone though similar changes What lessons can we learn from these events
Show time
1.What factors do you think helped in the revival of Tangshan city
To show the disastrous destruction and suffering;to make the passage true and convincing.
Work in groups . Discuss the questions.
Show time
Work in groups . Discuss the questions.
2.What other cities or town have gone though similar changes What lessons can we learn from these events
Show time
Wenchuan and some other towns near Wenchuan have the similar experiences.These towns were built up from the ruins.As well as developing better ways to detect and prepare for these disasters,we have learnt that acting quickly and in unity is the best way to get over such disasters.The strong support from the government and people around is also very important.
"Rice Fragrance"
"Rice Fragrance" takes Jay Chou's life experience as a child, and leads the audience back to the countryside with playful lyrics.Jay Chou had a lot of interesting things in his childhood.Memories of interesting childhood stories became the inspiration of Jay Chou for the song.In an interview with People Weekly, "Rice Fragrance" was created because of the Wenchuan earthquake.Jay Chou hopes to tell you with this song is a very simple, and also easy to forget the truth, that is content.
周杰伦 - 稻香MV
Summary
Part5
章节 PART
05
章节 PART
Summary
https://www.21cnjy.com/help/help extract.php
