兰州十八中学2021-2022学年度第一学期阶段性检测一
高一年级英语试题
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What part of the man’s body got injured
A. His knee. B. His foot. C. His leg.
2. Where is Larry now
A. In his office. B. At home. C. In a classroom.
3. What does the man like doing
A. Talking. B. Walking. C. Dancing.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Which movie to see. B. Where to go. C. Where to park.
5 What do we know about the man
A. He can’t find Bob’s apartment.
B. He is late for the woman’s birthday party.
C. He thought today was the woman’s birthday.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.How many nights will the woman stay
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
7. What kind of room does the woman want
A. One with two beds and one with one bed.
B. One with two beds and one with no bed.
C. One with one bed and one with no bed.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.Where are the speakers
A. At a market. B. At a restaurant. C. At the woman’s company.
9. Why is the woman happy
A. She has found a good job.
B. She has just got a pay rise.
C. The man invites her to drink.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.How will the speakers celebrate James’ birthday
A. They’ll buy him a book.
B. They’ll hold a party at Kelly’s.
C. They’ll go to see a film with him.
11.What will the boy do first after school
A. Go to the bookstore. B. Review his lessons. C. Go to Kelly’s.
12. When will the speakers meet
A. At 4:00. B. At 4:15. C. At 4:50.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At a company. B. At the woman’s house. C. In a dormitory.（宿舍）
14. What is the man
A. A student. B. A doorkeeper. C. A teacher.
15. What does the woman ask the man to do
A. Keep the living room clean.
B. Turn off the TV.
C. Make phone calls at night.
16. What should the man do if he wants to have a long talk on the phone
A. Go to the end of the road.
B. Make the phone at midnight.
C. Ask the woman for permission.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the big hall mainly used for
A. Parents’ meetings. B. Music lessons. C. Sports activities.
18. When can children use the library on their own
A. At any time of the day. B. Between lessons. C. After school.
19. Where is the speaker’s office
A. Beside the reception desk. B. Opposite the library. C. Behind the water machine.
20. How often do children use the computer room
A. At least twice a day. B. At least once a day. C. At least once a week.
第二部分 阅读理解 （共两节 满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium (水族馆)
The all-new Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, situated in the heart of Melbourne’s CBD, is one of Victoria’s leading visitor attractions and an unforgettable outing for the whole family. Having 12 amazing zones of discovery, Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is the very place that you cannot miss when you visit the city.
◆ Opening Times
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is open from 9:30 am until 6:00 pm every day of the year, including public holidays. Last admission is at 5:00 pm, one hour before closing.
◆ Location (位置)
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is located on the corner of Flinders Street and King Street, Melbourne. It is situated on the Yarra River, opposite Crown Entertainment Complex.
◆ Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium
Train
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is a short walk from either Flinders or Southern Cross train stations
Tram(有轨电车)
The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium train stop is located on the free City Circle Tram route and also routes 70 and 75. City Circle trams run every 10 minutes in both directions.
Shuttle Bus
The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is a free bus service, stopping at key tourist attractions in and around the City. Running daily, every 15 minutes from 10:00 am to 4:00 pm.
◆ Car Parking
While there is no public car parking at Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, there are several public car parking lots available only a short walk away.
◆ Wheelchair Access
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium provides people in wheelchairs with full access to all 12 zones. Each floor also has wheelchair accessible toilets.
◆ Terms
Tickets will be emailed to you immediately after purchase or you can download and print your ticket once payment has been accepted. Please print out all tickets purchased and present at the front entrance of Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium. No ticket, no entry!
1. Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium ______________.
A. is located at the center of the CBD in the city
B. has 12 most attractive places in Melbourne
C. admits visitors from 9:30 am until 6:00 pm
D. is beside Crown Entertainment Complex
2. Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, visitors can take _____________.
A. trains from Southern Cross train station
B. shuttle buses around the train station
C. boats across the Yarra River
D. either tram route 70 or 75
3. Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium offers visitors _____________.
A. free car parking B. wheelchair access
C. Internet connection D. transportation service
4. Tickets to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium _____________.
A. are free to all visitors B. can be purchased by email
C. rare checked at the entrance D. can be printed at the ticket office
B
One of the most important things in the world is friendship. In order to have friends, you have to be a friend. But how can you be a good friend at school
Listen — Listen when they are talking. Don’t say anything unless they ask you a question. Sometimes it’s not necessary for you to have anything to say; they just need someone to talk to about their feelings.
Help them — If your friend is ever in need of something, be there to help them. You should try to put them first, but make sure you don’t do everything they want you to do. Try to take an extra (额外的) pencil or pen with you to classes in case (以防) they forget one. Have a little extra money in your pocket in case they forget something they need.
Be there for them — Try to make something for your friend to help make them feel better in hard times. Making cards and encouraging them are among the nicest things you can do for a friend. Marilyn Monroe, a famous U.S. actor, once said, “I often make mistakes. Sometimes I am out of control. But if you can’t stay with me at my worst, you are sure not to deserve (值得) to be with me at my best.”
Make plans — Try to make plans with your friends. Go shopping, go for ice cream, have a party, go to a movie and so on. Take time to know each other even better by doing something you both enjoy. By planning things together, you both can have a good time. And you’ll remember these things when you’re all old!
5. While your friend is talking to you about his or her feelings, you should _____.
A. give him or her some advice B. just listen unless asked
C. calm him or her down D. share your feelings as well
6. When we provide help for our friends, we should _____.
A. try to do everything for them B. put them before ourselves
C. change their bad habits first D. ignore their faults
7. What is the passage mainly about
A. How to find a good friend. B. How to help friends in trouble.
C. How to be a good friend. D. How to make more friends.
C
What do you want to be when you grow up A teacher A doctor How about an ice-cream taster
Yes, there really is a job where you can get paid to taste ice cream. Just ask John Harrison, an “Official Taste Tester” for the past 21 years. Testing helps producers to be sure of a product’s quality. During his career Harrison has been responsible for approving large quantities of the sweet ice cream –as well as for developing over 75 flavors(味道).
Some people think that it would be easy to do this job; after all, you just have to like ice cream, right No — there’s more to the job than that, says Harrison, who has a degree in chemistry. He points out that a dairy or food-science degree would be very useful to someone wanting a career in this “cool” field.
In a typical morning on the job, Harrison tastes and rates 60 ice-cream samples. He lets the ice cream warm up to about 12 F. Harrisonexplains, “You get more flavor from warmer ice cream, which is why some kids like to stir it, creating ice-cream soup.”
While the ice cream warms up, Harrison looks over the samples and grades each one on its appearance. “Tasting begins with the eyes,”he explains. He checks to see if the ice cream is attractive and asks himself, “Does the product have the colour expected from that flavor ”Next it’s time to taste!
Continuing to think up new ideas, try out new flavors, and test samples from so many kinds of ice cream each day keeps Harrison busy but happy – working at once cool job.
8. What is John Harrison’s job
A. An official. B. An ice-cream taster.
C. A chemist. D. An ice-cream producer
9. According to John Harrison, to be qualified(有资格的) in the “cool field”, it is helpful to .
A. keep a diary of work. B. have a degree in related subjects.
C. have new ideas every day. D. find out new flavors each day.
10. What does Harrison do first when testing ice cream
A. He stirs the ice cream.
B. He examines the colour of the ice cream.
C. He tastes the flavor of the ice cream.
D. He lets the ice cream warm up.
11. Which of the following is probably the best title of the passage
A. Tasting with Eyes. B. Flavors of Ice Cream.
C. John Harrison’s Life. D. One Cool Job.
D
Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.
In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus it began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.
Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War II. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea; clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far
Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children of touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist(免疫学家),encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground.
12. The kings of France and England in the 16th century closed bath houses because_______.
A. they lived healthily in a dirty environment.
B. they thought bath houses were to dirty to stay in
C. they believed disease could be spread in public baths
D. they considered bathing as the cause of skin disease
13. Which of the following best describes Henry IV's attitude to bathing
A. Afraid B. Curious
C. Approving D. Uninterested
14. How does the passage mainly develop
A. By providing examples. B. By making comparisons.
C. By following the order of time. D. By following the order of importance.
15. What is the author's purpose in writing the passage
A. To stress the role of dirt.
B. To introduce the history of dirt.
C. To call attention to the danger of dirt.
D. To present the change of views on dirt.
第二节 （共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
What is your favorite color Do you like yellow, orange, and red ___16___Do you prefer grays and blues Then you are probably quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist(悲观者). At least, this is what psychologists(心理专家)tell us, and they should know, because they have been seriously studying the meaning of colors preference, as well as the effect that colors have on human beings.___17___If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.
___18___A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day.___19___A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides than any other bridge in the area ---until it was repainted green. The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply; perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.
___20___It is an established fact that factory workers work better, harder, and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey.
A. On the other hand, black is depressing.
B. They tells us that we do not choose our favorite color as we grow up-we are born with our preference.
C. The rooms are painted in different colors as you like.
D. If you do, you must be an optimist(乐观者), a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement.
E. Light and bright colors make people not only happier but more active.
F. Life is like a picture or a poem, full of different colors.
G. Colors do influence our moods——there is no doubt about it .
第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分30）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One cold evening, I was waiting outside for a taxi in New York City. Later, I was ___21___by a man in his thirties. Obviously, he was angry, complaining how ___22___New Yorkers were. I knew my ___23___would only be about 10 minutes and a part of me wanted to keep ___24___and just move on, but I also wanted to try and connect.
I asked him why. He told me he had just come from JFK airport ___25___a customer, which means $70 in lost fare (车费), a fairly big deal. I tried to share his ___26___. Gradually, he calmed down. He mentioned he had read an article ___27___that the happiest people are those who give. ___28___, he hoped to have more chance to ___29___in his life, I was starting to ____30____being with him!
Arriving at my destination, I paid him, giving a generous tip. I also pulled out an extra $20 and said, “Sir, I share the same ____31____of giving with you. Here’s the extra money for you. ____32____it, since you’ve already ____33____$70 from JFK. But, if you want to experience the ____34____of giving, give it to the next ____35____.”
For a moment I thought I was so ____36____! But the driver ____37____me by saying, “Sir, I have a ____38____idea. You give that $20 to a homeless person and I will serve the next rider for free.”
It was an honor meeting the driver and learning the lesson of ____39____everyone is able to give and surprise ____40____with their generosity.
21 A. taken up B. picked up C. sent up D. put up
22. A. serious B. cruel C. horrible D. strict
23. A. ride B. flight C. way D. distance
24. A. free B. calm C. busy D. silent
25. A. with B. without C. for D. to
26. A. delight B. worry C. unhappiness D. surprise
27. A. saying B. writing C. telling D. speaking
28. A. Otherwise B. However C. Besides D. Therefore
29. A. give B. share C. take D. forgive
30. A. mind B. regret C. enjoy D. hate
31. A. idea B. action C. practice D. story
32. A. Forget B. Keep C. Put D. Pay
33 A. given B. got C. lost D. gained
34. A. force B. energy C. strength D. power
35. A. passenger B. conductor C. stranger D. tourist
36. A. bad B. cool C. silly D. simple
37. A. disappointed B. satisfied C. surprised D. encouraged
38. A. better B. further C. worse D. newer
39. A. what B. when C. which D. how
40. A. one B. another C. other D. some
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
Although English is not as old as Chinese, ___41___ is spoken by many people around the world every day. English speakers are always making new words and we should be able to know where most words come from.
Sometimes,___42___ , no one may really know where a word comes from. Did you ever think about why hamburgers are called hamburgers, ____43____ (especial)when they are not made of ham About a hundred years ago, some men went to America _____44_____ Europe. They came from a big city in Germany called Hamburg.
They did not speak good English, but they ate good food. Some Americans saw them eating round pieces of beef. Never had they seen such ______45______ strange way. They couldn’t help ____46____ (ask)the Germans what it was. The Germans did not understand the question and answered, “We came from Hamburg. ” One of these Americans owned a restaurant, and had an idea. He made up ____47____ mind to do something new. He cooked some round pieces of the beef like ____48____ the men from Hamburg ate and _____49_____(sell)it quite a few countries around the world.
Whether this story is true or not, it certainly is ____50____(interest).
第四部分 写作
第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear Susan,
I'm very gladly to hear you are coming to visit me the next Friday. Unfortunate, I won't be able to meet you at the airport although I have classes in the afternoon. You won't find difficult to get to the city center. The airport bus leaves every 30 minute and will take you rightly to the Friendship Hotel. My classes will be over by then or I will pick you up there. I will take you together to a hot pot restaurant for dinner and we'll talk with our plan for the weekend over dinner. Having a pleasant trip and see you Friday.
Yours,
Zhang Ming
笫二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 如你是李华，你的好友王伟来信说他在高中英语学习过程中遇到一些困难，英语考试成绩不理想，感到很苦恼，希望你就如何学好英语给他提些建议，要求内容包括以下几点。
1. 利用课余时间多听多读以增加词汇量；
2. 一旦遇到疑难问题多与老师同学交流；
3. 不向困难屈服。
注意：
⒈ 词数100左右，首句已为你写好,不计入总词数；
⒉ 可以适当增加细节，以便行文连贯。
Dear Wang Wei,
I’m sorry to learn that you are feeling sad because you have some trouble in learning English.兰州十八中学2021-2022学年度第一学期阶段性检测一
高一年级英语试题
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What part of the man’s body got injured
A. His knee. B. His foot. C. His leg.
2. Where is Larry now
A. In his office. B. At home. C. In a classroom.
3. What does the man like doing
A. Talking. B. Walking. C. Dancing.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Which movie to see. B. Where to go. C. Where to park.
5. What do we know about the man
A. He can’t find Bob’s apartment.
B. He is late for the woman’s birthday party.
C. He thought today was the woman’s birthday.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.How many nights will the woman stay
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
7. What kind of room does the woman want
A. One with two beds and one with one bed.
B. One with two beds and one with no bed.
C. One with one bed and one with no bed.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.Where are the speakers
A. At a market. B. At a restaurant. C. At the woman’s company.
9. Why is the woman happy
A. She has found a good job.
B. She has just got a pay rise.
C. The man invites her to drink.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.How will the speakers celebrate James’ birthday
A They’ll buy him a book.
B. They’ll hold a party at Kelly’s.
C. They’ll go to see a film with him.
11.What will the boy do first after school
A. Go to the bookstore. B. Review his lessons. C. Go to Kelly’s.
12. When will the speakers meet
A. At 4:00. B. At 4:15. C. At 4:50.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At a company. B. At the woman’s house. C. In a dormitory.（宿舍）
14. What is the man
A. A student. B. A doorkeeper. C. A teacher.
15. What does the woman ask the man to do
A. Keep the living room clean.
B. Turn off the TV.
C Make phone calls at night.
16. What should the man do if he wants to have a long talk on the phone
A. Go to the end of the road.
B. Make the phone at midnight.
C. Ask the woman for permission.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the big hall mainly used for
A. Parents’ meetings. B. Music lessons. C. Sports activities.
18. When can children use the library on their own
A At any time of the day. B. Between lessons. C. After school.
19. Where is the speaker’s office
A. Beside the reception desk. B. Opposite the library. C. Behind the water machine.
20. How often do children use the computer room
A. At least twice a day. B. At least once a day. C. At least once a week.
第二部分 阅读理解 （共两节 满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium (水族馆)
The all-new Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, situated in the heart of Melbourne’s CBD, is one of Victoria’s leading visitor attractions and an unforgettable outing for the whole family. Having 12 amazing zones of discovery, Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is the very place that you cannot miss when you visit the city.
◆ Opening Times
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is open from 9:30 am until 6:00 pm every day of the year, including public holidays. Last admission is at 5:00 pm, one hour before closing.
◆ Location (位置)
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is located on the corner of Flinders Street and King Street, Melbourne. It is situated on the Yarra River, opposite Crown Entertainment Complex.
◆ Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium
Train
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is a short walk from either Flinders or Southern Cross train stations.
Tram(有轨电车)
The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium train stop is located on the free City Circle Tram route and also routes 70 and 75. City Circle trams run every 10 minutes in both directions.
Shuttle Bus
The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium is a free bus service, stopping at key tourist attractions in and around the City. Running daily, every 15 minutes from 10:00 am to 4:00 pm.
◆ Car Parking
While there is no public car parking at Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, there are several public car parking lots available only a short walk away.
◆ Wheelchair Access
Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium provides people in wheelchairs with full access to all 12 zones. Each floor also has wheelchair accessible toilets.
◆ Terms
Tickets will be emailed to you immediately after purchase or you can download and print your ticket once payment has been accepted. Please print out all tickets purchased and present at the front entrance of Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium. No ticket, no entry!
1. Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium ______________.
A. is located at the center of the CBD in the city
B. has 12 most attractive places in Melbourne
C. admits visitors from 9:30 am until 6:00 pm
D. is beside Crown Entertainment Complex
2. Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, visitors can take _____________.
A. trains from Southern Cross train station
B. shuttle buses around the train station
C. boats across the Yarra River
D. either tram route 70 or 75
3. Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium offers visitors _____________.
A. free car parking B. wheelchair access
C. Internet connection D. transportation service
4. Tickets to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium _____________.
A. are free to all visitors B. can be purchased by email
C rare checked at the entrance D. can be printed at the ticket office
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇广告应用文。文章介绍了墨尔本海洋馆的基本情况，说明了墨尔本海洋水族馆的开放时间、位置、到达方式、便利和服务条款等内容。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一句“The all-new Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium, situated in the heart of Melbourne’s CBD, is one of Victoria’s leading visitor attractions and an unforgettable outing for the whole family.”（全新的墨尔本海洋生活水族馆，位于墨尔本CBD的中心，是维多利亚州的主要游客景点之一，也是全家难忘的出游）可知海洋生物墨尔本水族馆位于城市CBD的中心。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Getting to Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium”部分讲的内容“The Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium train stop is located on the free City Circle Tram route and also routes 70 and 75.”（海洋生物墨尔本水族馆火车站位于免费的环城有轨电车路线和70和75号路线上）可知前往墨尔本海洋生物水族馆，游客可以乘坐电车线路70或75。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Wheelchair Access”部分“Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium provides people in wheelchairs with full access to all 12 zones.”（墨尔本海洋生活水族馆为坐轮椅的人提供了所有12个区域的完全访问权）可知墨尔本海洋生物水族馆为游客提供轮椅通道。故选B。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。本题适合用排除法。A是错误答案，因为文中最后提到要支付后才能打印票；B项错误，因为票会在支付后用电子邮件发过来，而不是电子邮件订购；D项错误在于文中提到要自己打印，在入口处递呈。排除以上答案，只有C项正确。故选C。
考点：考查广告布告类阅读。
【点睛】
阅读的方法可以使用以下几种：
1.跳读：就是快速的一步阅读法。实际上是有选择阅读，找关键词。用这种阅读方法回答who、what、when、where之类的问题最为有效。
2.略读：指比跳读慢些的二步阅读法。即泛泛地、粗略地快速阅读，目的是了解大意，对文章有个总的概念。此种阅读方法能回答why、how之类的问题。
3.精读：即最细致、最慢的深层阅读方法，目的是求得对所读文章的全部意义的理解与掌握。
而对于广告类的文章，一定要掌握快递阅读的技巧，找到文章关键词，比如文章标题Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium（水族馆），我们可以很容易知道文章要介绍某个水族馆的情况，然后直接阅读题目，再在每个项目中找到细节信息即可。如第一小题Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium________.我们根据文章第一句“situated in the heart of Melbourne’s CBD”就可以找到答案。B偷换了discovery为place，表达不正确；C项为错误答案，允许进入的最后时间为5：00，而不是6：00。D项为错误答案，文章中用的是opposite对面，而不是beside旁边。故A正确。
B
One of the most important things in the world is friendship. In order to have friends, you have to be a friend. But how can you be a good friend at school
Listen — Listen when they are talking. Don’t say anything unless they ask you a question. Sometimes it’s not necessary for you to have anything to say; they just need someone to talk to about their feelings.
Help them — If your friend is ever in need of something, be there to help them. You should try to put them first, but make sure you don’t do everything they want you to do. Try to take an extra (额外的) pencil or pen with you to classes in case (以防) they forget one. Have a little extra money in your pocket in case they forget something they need.
Be there for them — Try to make something for your friend to help make them feel better in hard times. Making cards and encouraging them are among the nicest things you can do for a friend. Marilyn Monroe, a famous U.S. actor, once said, “I often make mistakes. Sometimes I am out of control. But if you can’t stay with me at my worst, you are sure not to deserve (值得) to be with me at my best.”
Make plans — Try to make plans with your friends. Go shopping, go for ice cream, have a party, go to a movie and so on. Take time to know each other even better by doing something you both enjoy. By planning things together, you both can have a good time. And you’ll remember these things when you’re all old!
5. While your friend is talking to you about his or her feelings, you should _____.
A. give him or her some advice B. just listen unless asked
C. calm him or her down D. share your feelings as well
6. When we provide help for our friends, we should _____.
A. try to do everything for them B. put them before ourselves
C. change their bad habits first D. ignore their faults
7. What is the passage mainly about
A. How to find a good friend. B. How to help friends in trouble.
C. How to be a good friend. D. How to make more friends.
【答案】5. B 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。生活中最重要的就是友谊，想要获得友谊就要学会成为一个朋友。本篇文章告诉大家如何在学校里成为一个好朋友的方法。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Listen when they are talking. Don’t say anything unless they ask you a question.(听他们说。除非他们问你问题，否则什么也别说)”可知，当你的朋友跟你谈论他或她的感受时，你应该只听，除非被问。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Help them — If your friend is ever in need of something, be there to help them. You should try to put them first(帮助他们——如果你的朋友需要什么，在他们身边帮助他们。你应该试着把他们放在第一位)”可知，当我们为朋友提供帮助时，把他们放在第一位。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“One of the most important things in the world is friendship. In order to have friends, you have to be a friend. But how can you be a good friend at school (世界上最重要的事情之一是友谊。为了拥有朋友，你必须成为别人的朋友。但是在学校里你怎样才能成为一个好朋友呢？)”结合本篇文章告诉大家如何在学校里成为一个好朋友的方法。可知，这篇文章的主要内容是如何成为一个好朋友。故选C。
C
What do you want to be when you grow up A teacher A doctor How about an ice-cream taster
Yes, there really is a job where you can get paid to taste ice cream. Just ask John Harrison, an “Official Taste Tester” for the past 21 years. Testing helps producers to be sure of a product’s quality. During his career Harrison has been responsible for approving large quantities of the sweet ice cream –as well as for developing over 75 flavors(味道).
Some people think that it would be easy to do this job; after all, you just have to like ice cream, right No — there’s more to the job than that, says Harrison, who has a degree in chemistry. He points out that a dairy or food-science degree would be very useful to someone wanting a career in this “cool” field.
In a typical morning on the job, Harrison tastes and rates 60 ice-cream samples. He lets the ice cream warm up to about 12 F. Harrisonexplains, “You get more flavor from warmer ice cream, which is why some kids like to stir it, creating ice-cream soup.”
While the ice cream warms up, Harrison looks over the samples and grades each one on its appearance. “Tasting begins with the eyes,”he explains. He checks to see if the ice cream is attractive and asks himself, “Does the product have the colour expected from that flavor ”Next it’s time to taste!
Continuing to think up new ideas, try out new flavors, and test samples from so many kinds of ice cream each day keeps Harrison busy but happy – working at once cool job.
8. What is John Harrison’s job
A. An official. B. An ice-cream taster.
C. A chemist. D. An ice-cream producer
9. According to John Harrison, to be qualified(有资格的) in the “cool field”, it is helpful to .
A. keep a diary of work. B. have a degree in related subjects.
C. have new ideas every day. D. find out new flavors each day.
10. What does Harrison do first when testing ice cream
A. He stirs the ice cream.
B. He examines the colour of the ice cream.
C. He tastes the flavor of the ice cream.
D. He lets the ice cream warm up.
11. Which of the following is probably the best title of the passage
A. Tasting with Eyes. B. Flavors of Ice Cream.
C. John Harrison’s Life. D. One Cool Job.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文以John Harrison为例子介绍了一个品尝冰淇淋的职业，并说明这份工作的要求和工作过程。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段Yes, there really is a job where you can get paid to taste ice cream. Just ask John Harrison, an “Official Taste Tester” for the past 21 years可知，John就是通过品尝冰淇淋获得收入的人，也就是冰淇淋品尝家。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段He points out that a dairy or food-science degree would be very useful to someone wanting a career in this “cool” field可知，他指出，乳品或食品科学学位对那些想在这个“酷”领域工作的人来说是非常有用的。所以想要从事这个行业的人，要有相关学科学位。故选B项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段He lets the ice cream warm up to about 12 F. Harrison explains, “You get more flavor from warmer ice cream”可知，他让冰激凌加热到12华氏度，哈里森解释说：“你可以从更热的冰激凌中得到更多的味道，所以他哈里森在测试冰激凌时首先要把冰淇淋加热。故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文以John Harrison为例子介绍了一个品尝冰淇淋的职业，并说明这份工作的要求和工作过程。所以用cool是双关语，表示“凉爽而酷的工作”，所以短文的最佳标题是“ 一个很酷的工作”。故选D项。
D
Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.
In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus it began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.
Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War II. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea; clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far
Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children of touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist(免疫学家),encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground.
12. The kings of France and England in the 16th century closed bath houses because_______.
A. they lived healthily in a dirty environment.
B. they thought bath houses were to dirty to stay in
C. they believed disease could be spread in public baths
D. they considered bathing as the cause of skin disease
13. Which of the following best describes Henry IV's attitude to bathing
A. Afraid B. Curious
C. Approving D. Uninterested
14. How does the passage mainly develop
A. By providing examples. B. By making comparisons.
C. By following the order of time. D. By following the order of importance.
15. What is the author's purpose in writing the passage
A. To stress the role of dirt.
B. To introduce the history of dirt.
C. To call attention to the danger of dirt.
D. To present the change of views on dirt.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在大多数人看来，摆脱污垢是一件好事。然而，对于肮脏的态度并不是一成不变的。本文主要按照时间顺序说明了人们对于污垢的看法是在不停地发生着变化。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a way to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let illnesses in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. (16世纪早期，人们认为皮肤上的污垢是一种阻挡疾病的方法，医学观点认为，用热水洗去污垢会打开皮肤，让疾病进入。公共澡堂被认为是一个特别危险的地方。到1538年，法国国王关闭了国内的澡堂。1546年英国国王也是如此。)”可知，这两位国王关闭公共澡堂是因为澡堂洗澡会导致疾病的传播。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.（法国国王亨利四世是出了名的肮脏。听说一个贵族在洗澡，国王命令贵族不要外出，以免染上疾病。）”可推测出国王很害怕疾病的传播，所以才把这位贵族驱逐出去。故选A项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in.(在16世纪早期，人们认为皮肤上的污垢是一种阻挡疾病的手段，因为医学观点认为，用热水洗掉污垢会打开皮肤，让疾病进入)”；第三段第一句“Though the belief in the advantage of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century.(尽管对污垢优势的信念由来已久，但从18世纪开始，污垢就不再被视为好邻居了) ”；以及最后一段中“Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays.(如今，人们对污垢的态度仍然差别很大) ”可知，文章从16世纪、18世纪到如今来说明人们对于污垢的看法，由此可推知，本文是按照时间的顺序来组织全文的。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.（在大多数人看来，清除污垢是一件好事。然而，对于污垢的态度并不是一成不变的。）”可知在大多数人看来，摆脱污垢是一件好事。然而，对于肮脏的态度并不是一成不变的。结合本文主要按照时间顺序说明了人们对于污垢的看法是在不停地发生着变化。由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是展示人们对污垢看法的变化。故选D项。
第二节 （共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
What is your favorite color Do you like yellow, orange, and red ___16___Do you prefer grays and blues Then you are probably quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist(悲观者). At least, this is what psychologists(心理专家)tell us, and they should know, because they have been seriously studying the meaning of colors preference, as well as the effect that colors have on human beings.___17___If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.
___18___A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day.___19___A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides than any other bridge in the area ---until it was repainted green. The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply; perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.
___20___It is an established fact that factory workers work better, harder, and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey.
A. On the other hand, black is depressing.
B. They tells us that we do not choose our favorite color as we grow up-we are born with our preference.
C. The rooms are painted in different colors as you like.
D. If you do, you must be an optimist(乐观者), a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement.
E. Light and bright colors make people not only happier but more active.
F. Life is like a picture or a poem, full of different colors.
G. Colors do influence our moods——there is no doubt about it .
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. G 19. A 20. E
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。介绍了颜色与人们情绪的关系，不同的颜色会造成不同的情绪。
【16题详解】
根据下一句“Do you prefer grays and blues Then you are probably quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist（悲观者）.”说明喜欢灰色系的人是悲观主义者；与之相反，喜欢亮颜色的人很可能是乐观主义者。D项与下句结构一致，说明了喜欢亮色的人的特点。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据下句“If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.”说明人们对颜色的偏爱是天生的，是生来就有的，后天无法培养出来。B项解释符合上下文，其中we are born with our preference与下文as soon as you opened your eyes意思一致。故选B。
【18题详解】
根据下文“A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day”黄色能让人感觉更兴奋更放松，红衣服在寒冷的冬日能给人带来温暖和欢乐，这些说明颜色可以影响我们的情绪。G项是对下句内容的概括并引出下文，故选G。
【19题详解】
根据下文“A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides than any other bridge in the area”泰晤士河上的黑颜色的桥过去常常是人们自杀地方的例子，说明黑色代表着压抑。其中的black 和下文的black bridge呼应，故选A。
【20题详解】
根据下文“factory workers work better, harder, and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey.”工厂机器被粉刷成橙色而不是黑色或者灰色，说明浅色亮色会让人感觉更开心更积极。故选E。
第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分30）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One cold evening, I was waiting outside for a taxi in New York City. Later, I was ___21___by a man in his thirties. Obviously, he was angry, complaining how ___22___New Yorkers were. I knew my ___23___would only be about 10 minutes and a part of me wanted to keep ___24___and just move on, but I also wanted to try and connect.
I asked him why. He told me he had just come from JFK airport ___25___a customer, which means $70 in lost fare (车费), a fairly big deal. I tried to share his ___26___. Gradually, he calmed down. He mentioned he had read an article ___27___that the happiest people are those who give. ___28___, he hoped to have more chance to ___29___in his life, I was starting to ____30____being with him!
Arriving at my destination, I paid him, giving a generous tip. I also pulled out an extra $20 and said, “Sir, I share the same ____31____of giving with you. Here’s the extra money for you. ____32____it, since you’ve already ____33____$70 from JFK. But, if you want to experience the ____34____of giving, give it to the next ____35____.”
For a moment I thought I was so ____36____! But the driver ____37____me by saying, “Sir, I have a ____38____idea. You give that $20 to a homeless person and I will serve the next rider for free.”
It was an honor meeting the driver and learning the lesson of ____39____everyone is able to give and surprise ____40____with their generosity.
21. A. taken up B. picked up C. sent up D. put up
22. A. serious B. cruel C. horrible D. strict
23. A. ride B. flight C. way D. distance
24. A. free B. calm C. busy D. silent
25. A. with B. without C. for D. to
26. A. delight B. worry C. unhappiness D. surprise
27. A. saying B. writing C. telling D. speaking
28. A. Otherwise B. However C. Besides D. Therefore
29. A. give B. share C. take D. forgive
30. A. mind B. regret C. enjoy D. hate
31. A. idea B. action C. practice D. story
32. A. Forget B. Keep C. Put D. Pay
33. A. given B. got C. lost D. gained
34. A. force B. energy C. strength D. power
35. A. passenger B. conductor C. stranger D. tourist
36. A. bad B. cool C. silly D. simple
37. A. disappointed B. satisfied C. surprised D. encouraged
38. A. better B. further C. worse D. newer
39. A. what B. when C. which D. how
40. A. one B. another C. other D. some
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A 36. B 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章作者通过讲述自己的亲身经历，感叹与司机见面并且让自己学到了每个人怎样慷慨地给予他人，并给他人带来惊喜的一课，这是一件很荣幸的事。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：后来，我被一个三十多岁的男人接走了。A. taken up开始从事；B. picked up接走；C. sent up射出；D. put up提供。根据I was waiting outside for a taxi in New York City.可知，这里意思是后来，我被一个三十多岁的男人接走了。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：显然，他很生气，抱怨纽约人有多讨厌。A. serious严肃的；B. cruel残酷的；C. horrible讨厌的；D. strict严格的。根据 he was angry可知，他在抱怨纽约人有多讨厌。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道我的旅程只有大约10分钟，我的一部分想保持沉默，继续前进，但我也想尝试和联系。A. ride旅程；B. flight飞行；C. way道路；D. distance距离。上文说作者在乘坐出租车，所以作者知道自己的旅程只有大约10分钟。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道我的旅程只有大约10分钟，我的一部分想保持沉默，继续前进，但我也想尝试和联系。A. free自由的；B. calm平静的；C. busy忙碌的；D. silent沉默的。根据but I also wanted to try and connect可知这里意思是我的一部分想保持沉默。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，他刚从肯尼迪机场回来，没有一个顾客，这意味着要损失70美元的车费，这是一笔不小的数目。A. with有；B. without没有；C. for为了；D. to朝。根据which means $70 in lost fare可知他刚从肯尼迪机场回来，没有一个顾客。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我试图分担他的苦恼。A. delight高兴；B. worry担心；C. unhappiness苦恼；D. surprise吃惊。上文说出租车司机损失了一些钱，很苦恼，所以作者试图分担他的苦恼。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他提到他读过一篇文章，上面写着最幸福的人是那些给予的人。A. saying写着；B. writing写；C. telling告诉；D. speaking讲话。表示文章上“写着……”，用say，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，他希望在他的生命中有更多的机会给予，我开始喜欢和他在一起！A. Otherwise否则；B. However然而；C. Besides此外；D. Therefore因此。与上文He mentioned he had read an article ___7___that the happiest people are those who give.是因果关系，故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，他希望在他的生命中有更多的机会给予，我开始喜欢和他在一起！A. give给；B. share分享；C. take拿；D. forgive原谅。根据He mentioned he had read an article ___7___that the happiest people are those who give. 和I was starting to ___10___being with him!可知，这里意思是他希望在他的生命中有更多的机会给予。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，他希望在他的生命中有更多的机会给予，我开始喜欢和他在一起！A. mind介意；B. regret后悔；C. enjoy喜欢；D. hate厌恶。上文说出租车司机希望在他的生命中有更多的机会给予，所以作者开始喜欢和他在一起。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：先生，我和你有同样的“给予”的想法。A. idea想法；B. action行动；C. practice练习；D. story故事。根据下文Sir, I have a ___18___idea.可知，这里意思是我和你有同样的“给予”的想法。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：留着吧，因为你已经从肯尼迪机场损失了70美元。A. Forget忘记；B. Keep保留；C. Put放；D. Pay支付。根据since you’ve already ___13___$70 from JFK可知，这里意思是作者让出租车司机留着这些钱。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：留着吧，因为你已经从肯尼迪机场损失了70美元。A. given给；B. got得到；C. lost失去；D. gained获得。根据which means $70 in lost fare可知，这里意思是因为你已经从肯尼迪机场损失了70美元。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，如果你想体验给予的力量，就把它给下一位乘客吧。A. force强迫；B. energy能量；C. strength力量；D. power力量。“给予”是一种传承的力量，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，如果你想体验给予的力量，就把它给下一位乘客吧。A. passenger乘客；B. conductor售票员；C. stranger陌生人；D. tourist旅行者。根据You give that $20 to a homeless person and I will serve the next rider for free.可知，这里意思是如果你想体验给予的力量，就把它给下一位乘客吧。故选A。
【36题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有那么一会儿我以为自己很出色！A. bad坏的；B. cool出色的；C. silly愚蠢的；D. simple简单的。根据But the driver ___17___me by saying, “Sir, I have a ___18___idea. You give that $20 to a homeless person and I will serve the next rider for free.”可知，有那么一会儿作者以为自己很出色。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是司机说得话令我很吃惊：“先生，我有一个更好的主意。”A. disappointed失望的；B. satisfied满意的；C. surprised吃惊的；D. encouraged受鼓励的。作者认为自己的想法很出色，但是没想到，出租车司机有更好的想法。这让作者很吃惊。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是司机说得话令我很吃惊：“先生，我有一个更好的主意。”A. better更好的；B. further更远的；C. worse更坏的；D. newer更新的。根据You give that $20 to a homeless person and I will serve the next rider for free.可知，这位出租车司机的想法更好。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查连接词辨析。句意：与司机见面并且让我学到了每个人怎样慷慨地给予他人，并给他人带来惊喜的一课，这是一件很荣幸的事。A. what什么；B. when当……的时候；C. which哪个；D. how怎样。这里含有一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中作方式状语，表示“怎样”的意思。故选D。
【40题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：与司机见面并且让我学到了每个人怎样慷慨地给予他人，并给他人带来惊喜的一课，这是一件很荣幸的事。A. one一个人；B. another另外的人；C. other另外一个；D. some一些。根据You give that $20 to a homeless person and I will serve the next rider for free.可知，这里意思是与司机见面并且让我学到了每个人怎样慷慨地给予他人，并给他人带来惊喜的一课，是一件很荣幸的事。故选B。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
Although English is not as old as Chinese, ___41___ is spoken by many people around the world every day. English speakers are always making new words and we should be able to know where most words come from.
Sometimes,___42___ , no one may really know where a word comes from. Did you ever think about why hamburgers are called hamburgers, ____43____ (especial)when they are not made of ham About a hundred years ago, some men went to America _____44_____ Europe. They came from a big city in Germany called Hamburg.
They did not speak good English, but they ate good food. Some Americans saw them eating round pieces of beef. Never had they seen such ______45______ strange way. They couldn’t help ____46____ (ask)the Germans what it was. The Germans did not understand the question and answered, “We came from Hamburg. ” One of these Americans owned a restaurant, and had an idea. He made up ____47____ mind to do something new. He cooked some round pieces of the beef like ____48____ the men from Hamburg ate and _____49_____(sell)it quite a few countries around the world.
Whether this story is true or not, it certainly is ____50____(interest).
【答案】41. it 42. however
43. especially
44. from 45. a
46. asking 47. his
48. what 49. sold
50. interesting
【解析】
【分析】本文介绍英语中的词汇的来历，举了汉堡包的例子，说明我们可以了解一些单词的来历是很有趣的事情。
【41题详解】
考查it的用法。句意：虽然英语没有汉语那么古老，但世界各地的许多人每天都说英语。此处用it指代English。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，有时候，没有人真正知道一个单词来源。此处表示一种转折关系，因为空格后面有逗号，所以此处应该用however。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：你有没有想过为什么汉堡包被称为汉堡包，尤其是当它们不是用火腿做的时候 副词修饰when引导的时间状语从句，故答案为especially。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：大约一百年前，一些人从欧洲来到美国。故答案为from。
【45题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：一些美国人看到他们吃圆形的牛肉。他们从来没有见过这么奇怪的路吃饭。结合句意可知答案为a。
【46题详解】
考查固定搭配。couldn’t help doing sth.情不自禁做某事，故答案为asking。
【47题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：他下定决心要做些新的事情。make up one’s mind下定决心，结合句意可知答案为his。
【48题详解】
考查宾语从句引导词。句意：他做了一些圆形的牛肉片，就像汉堡人吃的那样，卖到世界上很多国家。此处是介词from后面的宾语从句，从句缺少引导词，且从句谓语动词ate缺少宾语，故答案为what。
【49题详解】
考查并列谓语。句意：他做了一些圆形的牛肉片，就像汉堡人吃的那样，卖到世界上很多国家。此处是并列谓语，所以句子用一般过去时态，故答案为sold。
【50题详解】
考查形容词。句意：管这个故事是不是真的，它肯定很有趣。结合句意可知答案为interesting。
第四部分 写作
第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear Susan,
I'm very gladly to hear you are coming to visit me the next Friday. Unfortunate, I won't be able to meet you at the airport although I have classes in the afternoon. You won't find difficult to get to the city center. The airport bus leaves every 30 minute and will take you rightly to the Friendship Hotel. My classes will be over by then or I will pick you up there. I will take you together to a hot pot restaurant for dinner and we'll talk with our plan for the weekend over dinner. Having a pleasant trip and see you Friday.
Yours,
Zhang Ming
【答案】1. gladly→glad
2.去掉the
3. Unfortunate→ Unfortunately
4. although→ because/as
5. find后加it
6. minute→ minutes
7. rightly→ right
8. or→ and
9. with→ about
10. Having→ Have
【解析】
【分析】本文是一封写给要来访的朋友的信，作者由于有课，所以建议朋友自己坐公车到友谊旅馆，在作者课后，两人再去吃饭，并制定周末计划。
【详解】1. 考查形容词。句意：听说你下星期五要来看我，我非常高兴。作表语，用形容词，故将gladly改为glad。
2. 考查冠词。句意：听说你下星期五要来看我，我非常高兴。the next Friday一般用于一般过去时态，表示“第二周”， next Friday用于一般将来时态，表示“下一周”，该句“you are coming to visit me …”是进行时态表示将来。故去掉the
3. 考查副词。句意：很遗憾，我不能去机场接你，因为我下午有课。修饰整句，用副词。故将Unfortunate改为Unfortunately。
4. 考查连词。句意：很遗憾，我不能去机场接你，因为我下午有课。句子“I won't be able to meet you at the airport”与“I have classes in the afternoon”之间是因果关系。故将although改为because/as。
5. 考查it的用法。句意：你会发现到市中心不难。此处考查句型“find it+形容词+to do sth.”其中it是形式宾语，不定式to do是真正的宾语。故在find后加it。
6. 考查名词。句意：机场巴士每30分钟一班，直达友谊宾馆。30后用名词复数，表示30分钟。故将minute改为minutes。
7. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：机场巴士每30分钟一班，直达友谊宾馆。rightly作副词，意思为：立刻，right作副词，表示“正好”，此处表示“正好带你到友谊旅馆”。故将rightly改为right。
8. 考查连词。句意：到时候我的课就上完了，我可以去那里接你。句子“I will pick you up there”与“My classes will be over by then”是并列递进关系。故将or改为and。
9. 考查固定短语。句意：我带你去一家火锅店吃晚饭，边吃边讨论周末的计划。talk with sb.意为：与某人交谈，talk about sth.意为：谈论某事，此处指谈论周末计划。故将 with改为about。
10. 考查祈使句。句意：祝您旅途愉快，星期五见。“Having a pleasant trip”和“see you Friday”是并列的两个祈使句，所以用动词原形开头。故将Having改为Have。
笫二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 如你是李华，你的好友王伟来信说他在高中英语学习过程中遇到一些困难，英语考试成绩不理想，感到很苦恼，希望你就如何学好英语给他提些建议，要求内容包括以下几点。
1. 利用课余时间多听多读以增加词汇量；
2. 一旦遇到疑难问题多与老师同学交流；
3. 不向困难屈服。
注意：
⒈ 词数100左右，首句已为你写好,不计入总词数；
⒉ 可以适当增加细节，以便行文连贯。
Dear Wang Wei,
I’m sorry to learn that you are feeling sad because you have some trouble in learning English.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Wang Wei,
I’m sorry to learn that you are feeling sad because you have some trouble in learning English. Even worse, you do badly in the English exams. I’d like to give you some advice on how to learn English well.
Firstly, you should make full use of your spare time to do more listening and reading about English to increase vocabulary. It is widely believed that practice makes perfect. Secondly, if you want to improve your writing, you should have a good command of important sentence patterns of each unit. Thirdly, once you come across problems, you can turn to your teachers and classmates for help. Lastly, never give in to any difficulties. Only in this way can you learn English well.
I hope you will find these tips helpful.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给好友王伟写信，就如何学好英语给他提些建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
充分利用：make best use of→make full use of
闲暇时间：leisure time→spare time
有用的：useful→helpful
困难：hardship→difficulty
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Firstly, you should make full use of your spare time to do more listening and reading about English to increase vocabulary. It is widely believed that practice makes perfect.
拓展句：Firstly, you should make full use of your spare time to do more listening and reading about English to increase vocabulary because it is widely believed that practice makes perfect.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I’d like to give you some advice on how to learn English well. (运用了疑问词+不定式作宾语)
[高分句型2] Only in this way can you learn English well. (运用了部分倒装)
