新人教版高中英语选择性必修一第四单元重点句型讲解（一）
句式1 We can learn a lot about what people are thinking by watching their body language.通过观察人们的肢体语言,我们可以了解他们在想什么。
句式剖析
句中what people are thinking是what引导的宾语从句,what在该宾语从句中做介词about的宾语。
考点提炼
what 引导名词性从句
what 常用来引导名词性从句,即主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。从句用陈述语序。
(1)what在名词性从句中可以充当主语、表语和宾语:
①Mary is no longer what she was ten years ago.玛丽已经不是十年前的她了。(what引导表语从句,并在从句中做表语)
②I have no idea what we should do next.我不知道下一步我们该做什么。(what引导同位语从句,并在从句中做宾语)
③What is worth doing is worth doing well.值得做的事情就要做好它。(What引导主语从句,并在从句中做主语)
④Will you show me what you bought 可以把你买的东西给我看一下吗 (what引导宾语从句,并在从句中做宾语)
(2)what在名词性从句中根据不同的语境有以下几种不同的含义:
①表示“……的东西或事情”[what=the thing(s)that]
They’ve done what they can to help her.他们已经尽力帮助了他。
②表示“……的人或……的样子”(what=the person that…/the appearance of…)
He is no longer what he was.
他已经不是以前的那个样子了。
③表示“……的数量或数目”(what=the amount that…)
Our income is now double what it was ten years ago.我们现在的收入是10年前的两倍。
④表示“……的时间”(what=the time that)
After what seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile.似乎过了几个小时他才苦笑着出来。
⑤表示“……的地方”(what=the place that)
This is what they call Salt Lake City.这就是他们称为盐湖城的地方。
经典例题
单句语法填空
(1)The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs.The deadlines and you need to apply depend on the program.
(2)Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question:“Should I jump ”This is motivation or the lack of it can do.
(3)Kate heard a man’s voice in the background,but she couldn’t make out he was saying.
(4)Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing they really are.
(5)This is my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
句式2 In other countries,by contrast,eye contact is not always approved of.相比之下,在其他国家,眼神交流并不总是被接受的。
句式剖析
句中is not always…表示“并非总是……”。
考点提炼
部分否定
部分否定:当含有全体意义的代词或副词如all,each,every(及其派生词),both,always,often,entirely,wholly等和否定词not连用的时候,构成部分否定,意为“并非都……,并非总是……”。
Not all cultures greet each other the same way… 不是所有的文化都以同样的方式互相问候……
All the people didn’t arrive on schedule.=Not all the people arrived on schedule.
并非所有的人都按时到达。
经典例题
根据汉语意思完成句子
(1)但是并非所有的城市都在很长一段时间内发展缓慢。
But cities develop slowly over a long period of time.
(2)并非每个人对事件的反应都是相同的,这就是为什么触发一个人的因素可能会触发或不会触发另一个人。
acts the same in response to events,and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger another.
(3)并非所有的人都能过上幸福的生活。
can lead a happy life.
参考答案
(1)not all (2)Not everyone (3)Not all the people
句式3 And if we are feeling down or lonely,there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.并且如果我们感到沮丧或孤独,没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。
句式剖析
此句中there is nothing better than…是“否定词+比较级”的用法,表示最高级的含义。
考点提炼
“否定词+比较级”表示最高级含义
当形容词或副词的比较级出现在否定句中时,往往不表示否定的意义,而是表示充分的肯定,也是一种强调。在比较句型中常使用no,nobody,nothing,never等词表达最高级的意义。
like nothing better than swimming
最喜欢游泳
have never seen a better movie than this one没有看过比这更好的电影
归纳拓展
比较级形式表示最高级含义的其他结构:
比较级+than+
He studies harder than any other student in his class.
He studies harder than any of the other students in his class.
He studies harder than all the other students in his class.
He studies harder than anyone else in his class.
他在班里学习比其他任何学生都努力。
经典例题
1.根据汉语意思完成句子
(1)首先,明智地选择你的旅行同伴,因为没有什么比合适的同伴对旅行的贡献更大的了。
First,choose your travel companions wisely,because contributes significantly to a trip than the right companions.
(2)作为一名学生,我可以告诉你,没有什么比在同学面前受到老师的表扬更好的了。
As a student,I can tell you that there is being praised by my teacher before my classmates.
(3)我再同意不过了。自信真的很重要。
I .Confidence is really important.
2.单句语法填空
(1)No one could be (generous);he has a heart of gold.
(2)Nothing is (pleasant)than staying home listening to music.
句式4 It is obvious that our minds can influence our bodies.很明显,我们的思想可以影响我们的身体。
句式剖析
在本句型中,It是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。
考点提炼
“It+be+形容词+that…”句型
It是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。常用于此句型的形容词有clear, true, obvious, possible, strange, likely, certain, fortunate, surprising, important, necessary等。
It is surprising that he came late to school this morning.令人惊奇的是,今天早上他上学迟到了。
It is certain that people’s views on happiness are affected greatly by their own life experience.当然,人们对于幸福的看法,很大程度上受到他们自己生活阅历的影响。
归纳拓展
it代替that引导的主语从句做形式主语的其他常见句型:
(1)It+be+名词(a fact,a pity,a wonder,a shame,an honour,a question等)+that…
It is a great pity that our school band will split up after graduation.很可惜,毕业后我们学校的乐队就要解散了。
It is a well-known fact that cigarettes contain many chemicals that will affect your health.香烟含有许多影响健康的化学物质,这是一个众所周知的事实。
(2)It+be+过去分词(said,known,announced,believed,reported,suggested,advised,required等)+that…
It is said that different tea has different benefits,right 据说不种的茶会有不同的益处,是吗
It is universally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.人们普遍认为教学既是一门科学,也是一门艺术。
特别提醒
①在It is important/strange/necessary/…that…或者It is suggested/advised/required/…that…等句型中,从句的谓语要用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。
②it做形式主语,还可以代替what,who,where,whether等引导的主语从句。if(是否)不能引导主语从句。
It’s very important that you(should)attend every day.你每天都要出席,这很重要。
It is uncertain whether he can come to my birthday party.他是否能参加我的生日聚会还不确定。
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)It’s more likely none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging,or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary.
(2)Jennifer DeBruyn says it is not (surprise)that such worms can break down polyethylene.
(3) is partly true that Dickens’ style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life.
2.单句写作
(1) (据报道)American parents today spend about 40 percent less time with their children than parents did a generation ago.(report)
(2) (很可能)global warming will increase in the next twenty years.(likely)
(3) (很明显)his success has a great deal to do with his hard work.
句式5
句式剖析
本句为主从复合句,are more likely to…是主句的谓语部分。who引导的定语从句修饰主语People。so连接一个并列句,且句中含有that引导的宾语从句,做suggest的宾语。
考点提炼
be likely to do sth.可能做某事
两者可互换
She is likely to star in the film directed by him.
=It is likely that she will star in the film directed by him.
她有可能主演由他导演的那部电影。
The flight is likely to be late.=It is likely that the flight will be late.
航班有可能会晚点。
辨析比较likely,probable与possible
易混词 可能性大小 主语 句型
likely 十有五六的可能性 主语既可以是人,也可以是物,还可以是形式主语it
续表
易混词 可能性大小 主语 句型
probable 十有八九的可能性 通常用it做形式主语 It is probable that…
possible 十有二三的可能性 通常用it做形式主语
归纳拓展
be unlikely to…=It is unlikely that…不可能……
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)He may win the competition,in which case he is likely get into the national team.
(2) is likely that you will suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.
2.同义句转换
(1)Thanks to John’s outstanding performance,it is likely that he will be accepted by Harvard University.
→Thanks to John’s outstanding performance,he by Harvard University.
(2)The bank manager asked his assistant if it was possible that she would work out the investment(投资)plan within a week.
→The bank manager asked his assistant if it was the investment plan within a week.
3.选词填空:likely/probable/possible
(1)If you work out bright and early in the morning,you will be more to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day.
(2)However,luckily for me,the University of Leeds,where I was studying at the time,made it for any student,even people like me speaking only one language,to study abroad.
(3)It is that he will set a world record in the future.
句式6
考点提炼
suggest that…建议……
(1)suggest 表示“建议”时,后面不能接不定式结构,但可以接动词-ing形式,即suggest doing sth.。
(2)suggest 表示“暗示,表明”时,其后面的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。
(3)某些表示“建议,命令,要求”的动词后跟宾语从句时,从句中要用虚拟语气,即谓语用“(should+)动词原形”。这些词一般包括:一个“坚持(insist)”,两个“命令(order、command)”,三个“建议(suggest、advise、propose)”,四个“要求(demand、ask、request、require)”。
(4)suggestion n.建议;迹象;暗示
经典例题
单句语法填空
(1)As for crowds,a Hong Kong study found that they increased a restaurant’1s reputation, (suggest)great food at fair prices.
(2)The manager put forward a (suggest)that we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do. 新人教版高中英语选择性必修一第四单元重点句型讲解（一）
句式1 We can learn a lot about what people are thinking by watching their body language.通过观察人们的肢体语言,我们可以了解他们在想什么。
句式剖析
句中what people are thinking是what引导的宾语从句,what在该宾语从句中做介词about的宾语。
考点提炼
what 引导名词性从句
what 常用来引导名词性从句,即主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。从句用陈述语序。
(1)what在名词性从句中可以充当主语、表语和宾语:
①Mary is no longer what she was ten years ago.玛丽已经不是十年前的她了。(what引导表语从句,并在从句中做表语)
②I have no idea what we should do next.我不知道下一步我们该做什么。(what引导同位语从句,并在从句中做宾语)
③What is worth doing is worth doing well.值得做的事情就要做好它。(What引导主语从句,并在从句中做主语)
④Will you show me what you bought 可以把你买的东西给我看一下吗 (what引导宾语从句,并在从句中做宾语)
(2)what在名词性从句中根据不同的语境有以下几种不同的含义:
①表示“……的东西或事情”[what=the thing(s)that]
They’ve done what they can to help her.他们已经尽力帮助了他。
②表示“……的人或……的样子”(what=the person that…/the appearance of…)
He is no longer what he was.
他已经不是以前的那个样子了。
③表示“……的数量或数目”(what=the amount that…)
Our income is now double what it was ten years ago.我们现在的收入是10年前的两倍。
④表示“……的时间”(what=the time that)
After what seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile.似乎过了几个小时他才苦笑着出来。
⑤表示“……的地方”(what=the place that)
This is what they call Salt Lake City.这就是他们称为盐湖城的地方。
经典例题
单句语法填空
(1)The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs.The deadlines and you need to apply depend on the program.
(2)Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question:“Should I jump ”This is motivation or the lack of it can do.
(3)Kate heard a man’s voice in the background,but she couldn’t make out he was saying.
(4)Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing they really are.
(5)This is my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
参考答案
(1)what 句意:省政府及其合作伙伴提供了许多项目来帮助学生找到暑期工作。截止日期和你需要申请什么取决于这个项目。
(2)what 句意:想象一下,一个孩子站在一块四英尺高的跳板上问自己:“我应该跳下去吗 ”这就是有动机或缺乏动机所能做到的。
(3)what 句意:凯特听到背景中有一个男人的声音,但她听不清他在说什么。
(4)what 句意:许多人往往谈论传统时不知道它们到底是什么。
(5)what 句意:这是我父亲教我的——面对困难,总是抱最好的希望。
句式2 In other countries,by contrast,eye contact is not always approved of.相比之下,在其他国家,眼神交流并不总是被接受的。
句式剖析
句中is not always…表示“并非总是……”。
考点提炼
部分否定
部分否定:当含有全体意义的代词或副词如all,each,every(及其派生词),both,always,often,entirely,wholly等和否定词not连用的时候,构成部分否定,意为“并非都……,并非总是……”。
Not all cultures greet each other the same way… 不是所有的文化都以同样的方式互相问候……
All the people didn’t arrive on schedule.=Not all the people arrived on schedule.
并非所有的人都按时到达。
经典例题
根据汉语意思完成句子
(1)但是并非所有的城市都在很长一段时间内发展缓慢。
But cities develop slowly over a long period of time.
(2)并非每个人对事件的反应都是相同的,这就是为什么触发一个人的因素可能会触发或不会触发另一个人。
acts the same in response to events,and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger another.
(3)并非所有的人都能过上幸福的生活。
can lead a happy life.
参考答案
(1)not all (2)Not everyone (3)Not all the people
句式3 And if we are feeling down or lonely,there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.并且如果我们感到沮丧或孤独,没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。
句式剖析
此句中there is nothing better than…是“否定词+比较级”的用法,表示最高级的含义。
考点提炼
“否定词+比较级”表示最高级含义
当形容词或副词的比较级出现在否定句中时,往往不表示否定的意义,而是表示充分的肯定,也是一种强调。在比较句型中常使用no,nobody,nothing,never等词表达最高级的意义。
like nothing better than swimming
最喜欢游泳
have never seen a better movie than this one没有看过比这更好的电影
归纳拓展
比较级形式表示最高级含义的其他结构:
比较级+than+
He studies harder than any other student in his class.
He studies harder than any of the other students in his class.
He studies harder than all the other students in his class.
He studies harder than anyone else in his class.
他在班里学习比其他任何学生都努力。
经典例题
1.根据汉语意思完成句子
(1)首先,明智地选择你的旅行同伴,因为没有什么比合适的同伴对旅行的贡献更大的了。
First,choose your travel companions wisely,because contributes significantly to a trip than the right companions.
(2)作为一名学生,我可以告诉你,没有什么比在同学面前受到老师的表扬更好的了。
As a student,I can tell you that there is being praised by my teacher before my classmates.
(3)我再同意不过了。自信真的很重要。
I .Confidence is really important.
2.单句语法填空
(1)No one could be (generous);he has a heart of gold.
(2)Nothing is (pleasant)than staying home listening to music.
参考答案
1.(1)nothing;more (2)nothing better than (3)couldn’t agree more
2.(1)more generous (2)more pleasant
句式4 It is obvious that our minds can influence our bodies.很明显,我们的思想可以影响我们的身体。
句式剖析
在本句型中,It是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。
考点提炼
“It+be+形容词+that…”句型
It是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。常用于此句型的形容词有clear, true, obvious, possible, strange, likely, certain, fortunate, surprising, important, necessary等。
It is surprising that he came late to school this morning.令人惊奇的是,今天早上他上学迟到了。
It is certain that people’s views on happiness are affected greatly by their own life experience.当然,人们对于幸福的看法,很大程度上受到他们自己生活阅历的影响。
归纳拓展
it代替that引导的主语从句做形式主语的其他常见句型:
(1)It+be+名词(a fact,a pity,a wonder,a shame,an honour,a question等)+that…
It is a great pity that our school band will split up after graduation.很可惜,毕业后我们学校的乐队就要解散了。
It is a well-known fact that cigarettes contain many chemicals that will affect your health.香烟含有许多影响健康的化学物质,这是一个众所周知的事实。
(2)It+be+过去分词(said,known,announced,believed,reported,suggested,advised,required等)+that…
It is said that different tea has different benefits,right 据说不种的茶会有不同的益处,是吗
It is universally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.人们普遍认为教学既是一门科学,也是一门艺术。
特别提醒
①在It is important/strange/necessary/…that…或者It is suggested/advised/required/…that…等句型中,从句的谓语要用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。
②it做形式主语,还可以代替what,who,where,whether等引导的主语从句。if(是否)不能引导主语从句。
It’s very important that you(should)attend every day.你每天都要出席,这很重要。
It is uncertain whether he can come to my birthday party.他是否能参加我的生日聚会还不确定。
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)It’s more likely none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging,or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary.
(2)Jennifer DeBruyn says it is not (surprise)that such worms can break down polyethylene.
(3) is partly true that Dickens’ style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life.
2.单句写作
(1) (据报道)American parents today spend about 40 percent less time with their children than parents did a generation ago.(report)
(2) (很可能)global warming will increase in the next twenty years.(likely)
(3) (很明显)his success has a great deal to do with his hard work.
参考答案
1.(1)that 句意:更有可能的是,我们中没有人开始一次谈话,因为这很尴尬和富于挑战性,或者我们认为这是让人烦恼的和不必要的。设空处前的It做形式主语,that引导的从句是真正的主语。
(2)surprising 句意:Jennifer DeBruyn 说这种幼虫能分解聚乙烯并不令人惊讶。考查形容词。it指代that引导的主语从句的内容,因此应该用surprising,意为“令人惊讶的”。
(3)It 句意:在一定程度上讲,狄更斯的写作风格确实吸引了来自各行各业的观众。考查代词。此处应用it做形式主语,that引导的从句是真正的主语。
2.(1)It is reported that
(2)It is likely that
(3)It is obvious that
句式5
句式剖析
本句为主从复合句,are more likely to…是主句的谓语部分。who引导的定语从句修饰主语People。so连接一个并列句,且句中含有that引导的宾语从句,做suggest的宾语。
考点提炼
be likely to do sth.可能做某事
两者可互换
She is likely to star in the film directed by him.
=It is likely that she will star in the film directed by him.
她有可能主演由他导演的那部电影。
The flight is likely to be late.=It is likely that the flight will be late.
航班有可能会晚点。
辨析比较likely,probable与possible
易混词 可能性大小 主语 句型
likely 十有五六的可能性 主语既可以是人,也可以是物,还可以是形式主语it
续表
易混词 可能性大小 主语 句型
probable 十有八九的可能性 通常用it做形式主语 It is probable that…
possible 十有二三的可能性 通常用it做形式主语
归纳拓展
be unlikely to…=It is unlikely that…不可能……
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)He may win the competition,in which case he is likely get into the national team.
(2) is likely that you will suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.
2.同义句转换
(1)Thanks to John’s outstanding performance,it is likely that he will be accepted by Harvard University.
→Thanks to John’s outstanding performance,he by Harvard University.
(2)The bank manager asked his assistant if it was possible that she would work out the investment(投资)plan within a week.
→The bank manager asked his assistant if it was the investment plan within a week.
3.选词填空:likely/probable/possible
(1)If you work out bright and early in the morning,you will be more to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day.
(2)However,luckily for me,the University of Leeds,where I was studying at the time,made it for any student,even people like me speaking only one language,to study abroad.
(3)It is that he will set a world record in the future.
参考答案
1.(1)to be likely to do sth.
(2)It It is likely that
2.(1)is likely to be accepted
(2)possible for her to work out
3.(1)likely (2)possible
(3)probable/possible/likely
句式6
考点提炼
suggest that…建议……
(1)suggest 表示“建议”时,后面不能接不定式结构,但可以接动词-ing形式,即suggest doing sth.。
(2)suggest 表示“暗示,表明”时,其后面的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。
(3)某些表示“建议,命令,要求”的动词后跟宾语从句时,从句中要用虚拟语气,即谓语用“(should+)动词原形”。这些词一般包括:一个“坚持(insist)”,两个“命令(order、command)”,三个“建议(suggest、advise、propose)”,四个“要求(demand、ask、request、require)”。
(4)suggestion n.建议;迹象;暗示
经典例题
单句语法填空
(1)As for crowds,a Hong Kong study found that they increased a restaurant’1s reputation, (suggest)great food at fair prices.
(2)The manager put forward a (suggest)that we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.
参考答案
(1)suggesting 句意:至于说顾客多,香港的一项研究发现,顾客多能提升一家餐馆的声誉,说明(这家餐馆)食物品质好,价格合理。考查非谓语动词。此处需要用现在分词表示自然而然的结果。
(2)suggestion 句意:经理提出了一个建议,我们应该有一个助手。有太多的工作要做。由设空处前的a和句意可知此处应填名词。
