新人教版高中英语选择性必修一第二单元重点句型讲解
句式1 However,in the not-too-distant future,we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget. 然而,在不远的将来,我们将生活在智能家居中,当我们外出时,智能家居会为我们锁门;当我们忘记的时候,(智能家居)会记得关掉电视。
句式剖析
本句含有一个定语从句,先行词是smart homes, that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget是定语从句。关系代词that还可以被which替换掉。
考点提炼
定语从句的关系代词只能用that的情况
(1)当先行词为everything, anything, nothing, something, the one, none, all, much, few, any, little等不定代词时,只能用that。
All that can be done has been done.所有能做的事都已经做了。
(2)当先行词被the only, the very(就是那个), all, much, few, any, little, no修饰时,只能用that。
This is the very dictionary that I want to buy.这就是我想要买的字典。
(3)当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或者先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时,只能用that。
The first place that they visited in London was the Elizabeth Tower.
他们在伦敦游览的第一个地方是伊丽莎白塔。
(4)先行词既有人又有物时,只能用that。
Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned
你还记得我们了解到的那个科学家及他的理论吗
(5)当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时,为避免重复要用that。
Who is the man that is standing there 站在那边的那个男人是谁
(6)有两个定语从句时,其中一个关系代词已用which,另一个宜用that。
They have set up a company, which deals with the things that are related to environmental protection.
他们已经成立了一个公司,与环境保护有关的事情打交道。
(7)当先行词在主句中做表语,而关系代词也在定语从句中做表语时,只能用that。
Hangzhou is no more the city that it used to be.
杭州这个城市不再是以前那个样子了。
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)This is the best film I’ve seen recently.
(2)To tell you the truth, you’re the last person I want to see in the world.
(3)Everything belongs to him is only worth a few pounds.
(4)I’ve got a bottle of beer, but I haven’t got anything I can open it with.
(5)The only thing matters is to find our way home.
(6)Please send me all the information you have about the candidate for the position.
2.单句改错
(1)I’m going to talk about the countries and people which I have visited.
_____________________________________________________________
(2)In this school I found little which was different from ours.
_____________________________________________
(3)This is the only thing which I aspire after.
_____________________________
句式2 Nevertheless, it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology. 然而,要让大多数新家庭开始使用这项新技术还需要几年的时间。
句式剖析
本句型中,before引导时间状语从句,意为“在……之前”。 before引导时间状语从句时,用以表示从句动作发生之前的时间,译法灵活。
We need to get to the root of the problem before we can solve it.
在我们解决问题之前,我们需要找到问题的根源。
考点提炼
It took/will take/was/will be+一段时间+before从句……之后才……
归纳拓展
(1)强调从句动作发生在主句之前,意为“不等……就……”。
He had got on the train before I could say goodbye.我还没来得及说再见,他就已经上了火车。
Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone!
尼古拉斯还未弄明白怎么回事就迷路了,变成了独自一人!
(2)在“It+be+时间段+before从句”中,意为“……之后才……”。
It will be five years before we meet again.五年之后,我们才能再相见。
(3)在“It+be+not+long+before从句”中,意为“……不久就……”。
It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position.不久他就意识到了处境的危险。
(4)在特定的情景中,意为“趁着……”。
(5)hardly…before/when…意为“刚……就……”。
Hardly had I reached the station when the train left.我刚到车站,火车就开了。
经典例题
单句语法填空
(1)If you miss this chance, it may be years you get another one.
(2)The experts pointed out that it would be many years the survivors of the earthquake got fully recovered.
(3)—Dad, how long will it be I die
—You aren’t going to die. What’s the matter with you
(4)With some technical problems to be solved, it may be a while the system is put into use.
句式3Then he has lunch,which takes about half an hour. 然后他吃午饭,这花了大约半个小时。
句式剖析
本句的which takes about half an hour为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句,which代替前面整个句子的内容,which在定语从句中充当takes的主语。
考点提炼
which, as引导非限制性定语从句的区别
(1)which引导的从句不能放在主句前,而as引导的从句可以放在主句之前、主句之后或主句中间均可以,通常用逗号与主句隔开。
(2)用作关系代词,as和which都可以指代一个句子,但as有“正如”“就像”之意,which则没此含义。
(3)as常用于以下结构(引导非限制性定语从句):
as (it) was said earlier正如早先所说
as is known to all=as we all know 众所周知;正如我们都知道的
as is reported正如所报道的
as we had expected正如我们所预料的
as everybody/you can see正如人们/你所见
as is mentioned above正如以上提到的
as is often the case这是常有的事情
As you mentioned, making as much money as possible is not the goal of this blog.
如同你所提到的,这个博客的目标并不是为了赚尽可能多的钱。
As is known to all, shoes play an important role in our life, for they can protect our feet from being hurt.
众所周知,鞋子在我们的生活中起着非常重要的作用,因为它们能保护我们的脚免受伤害。
As is often the case,little boys tend to be very active and out of control.
小男孩总是很活泼好动,很难控制,这是常见的情况。
There was a bank around here, as I remember.
我记得过去这儿附近有一家银行。
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)The number of smokers, is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
(2)She and her family bicycle to work, helps them keep fit.
(3)The market, was founded in 1979, sets up its tents every Saturday from 7 am to 1 pm, rain or shine.
2.单句写作
(1)We often observed the stars in the wild, (正如我记得的).
(2) (如上提到), crops such as grains and peanuts are fit to grow in sand fields.
(3)The number of smokers, (正如报道的那样), has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
(4)There is no simple answer, (情况常常如此) in science.
(5)A laptop can get to the Internet outside, (这使我们) to get the latest information whenever we want.
句式4 Moreover,the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily, even if they are on opposite sides of the world. 此外,互联网使朋友和家人很容易保持联系成为可能,即使他们在世界的两端。
句式剖析
该句中的“made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch…”为“动词+it(形式宾语)+宾语补足语+逻辑主语+真正的宾语”结构。此处it为形式宾语,代替真正的宾语,即不定式短语to keep in touch…,形容词possible做宾语补足语,friends and family做逻辑主语。
考点提炼
it做形式宾语
it做形式宾语用法如下:
(1)“动词+形式宾语it+宾补+(for sb.)真正的宾语”结构,即6123结构,其用法如下:
①6 6个常见动词:make,believe,think,find,consider,feel
②1 形式宾语 it
③2 宾补的两种常见形式:形容词,名词
④3 真正宾语的常见形式:不定式(短语),动名词(短语),从句。用动名词(短语)形式做真正宾语时,宾补通常是no use,no good等。
⑤注意:当真正的宾语是不定式时,不定式有自身的逻辑主语,该主语的出现形式为for sb./sth.,真正的宾语是其他形式时,不会出现for sb./sth.情况。
No matter where he is, he makes it a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.
无论他在哪里,他早饭前外出散步已经成为常规。
I remember I made it clear to you that you shouldn’t be late again.
我记得我向你明确表示过你不该再迟到。
Nobody can make it possible that water replaces oil.
没有人能使水取代油。
(2)用于“enjoy/like/hate/appreciate/…+it+if/when…”结构中。
I hate it when people talk with their mouths full of food.
我讨厌人们满口食物说话。
(3)用于see to it that…,depend on it that…,take it for granted that…等结构中。
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)Susan made clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.
(2)I find it no use (argue) with Bill because he will never change his mind.
(3)I don’t feel it difficult (understand) English.
(4)I then made a point to attend those meetings and learn all I could.
(5)The fire made difficult to rescue the people trapped under the ruins in the earthquake.
(6)I believe it no use (read) without understanding.
2.根据汉语意思完成句子
(1)她感觉好好照顾他们是她的责任。
She felt .
(2)光说不做没什么好处。
talking without doing anything.
(3)吸烟会引起癌症是一个人尽皆知的事实。
It’s a well-known fact .
(4)我发现让人们笑比让他们哭更难。
I to make people laugh than to make them cry.
(5)我们都想当然地认为米勒能成功。
We all that Miller could succeed.
句式5 Of course,when new technology changes the way we live, it can be a scary prospect. 当然,当新技术改变了我们的生活方式时,这可能是一个可怕的前景。
句式剖析
句中含有一个定语从句,the way为先行词, we live为定语从句。
考点提炼
the way后接定语从句
the way在定语从句中充当状语 ,关系词通常由in which或that引导,而且通常可以省略。
This doesn’t mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.
这并不意味着我们变得越发聪明,但毫无疑问,我们使用记忆的方式正在改变。
特别提醒
the way做先行词,关系词that/in which在定语从句中做状语时,关系词可以省略;如果关系词that/which在定语从句中做宾语,则that/which也可省略。
The way (which/that)he explained to us was quite simple.(which/that在从句中充当宾语)
The way(in which/that) he answered the question was surprising.(in which/that在从句中充当状语)
That is the way (in which/that) we solved the problem.
那就是我们解决那个问题的方法。
经典例题
根据汉语意思完成句子
(1)我们不喜欢他工作的方式。
We don’t like he does the job.
(2)我想买的那种电脑卖光了。
The computer was sold out.
(3)从他的行为来看,我认为他醉了。
From the way , I figured that he was drunk.
(4)然而,在电视和收音机里,你也会听出人们说话时的差异。
However,on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way . 新人教版高中英语选择性必修一第二单元重点句型讲解
句式1 However,in the not-too-distant future,we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget. 然而,在不远的将来,我们将生活在智能家居中,当我们外出时,智能家居会为我们锁门;当我们忘记的时候,(智能家居)会记得关掉电视。
句式剖析
本句含有一个定语从句,先行词是smart homes, that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget是定语从句。关系代词that还可以被which替换掉。
考点提炼
定语从句的关系代词只能用that的情况
(1)当先行词为everything, anything, nothing, something, the one, none, all, much, few, any, little等不定代词时,只能用that。
All that can be done has been done.所有能做的事都已经做了。
(2)当先行词被the only, the very(就是那个), all, much, few, any, little, no修饰时,只能用that。
This is the very dictionary that I want to buy.这就是我想要买的字典。
(3)当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或者先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时,只能用that。
The first place that they visited in London was the Elizabeth Tower.
他们在伦敦游览的第一个地方是伊丽莎白塔。
(4)先行词既有人又有物时,只能用that。
Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned
你还记得我们了解到的那个科学家及他的理论吗
(5)当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时,为避免重复要用that。
Who is the man that is standing there 站在那边的那个男人是谁
(6)有两个定语从句时,其中一个关系代词已用which,另一个宜用that。
They have set up a company, which deals with the things that are related to environmental protection.
他们已经成立了一个公司,与环境保护有关的事情打交道。
(7)当先行词在主句中做表语,而关系代词也在定语从句中做表语时,只能用that。
Hangzhou is no more the city that it used to be.
杭州这个城市不再是以前那个样子了。
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)This is the best film I’ve seen recently.
(2)To tell you the truth, you’re the last person I want to see in the world.
(3)Everything belongs to him is only worth a few pounds.
(4)I’ve got a bottle of beer, but I haven’t got anything I can open it with.
(5)The only thing matters is to find our way home.
(6)Please send me all the information you have about the candidate for the position.
2.单句改错
(1)I’m going to talk about the countries and people which I have visited.
_____________________________________________________________
(2)In this school I found little which was different from ours.
_____________________________________________
(3)This is the only thing which I aspire after.
_____________________________
参考答案
1.(1)that (2)that/who (3)that (4)that
(5)that (6)that
2. (1)which→that
(2)which→that
(3)which→that
句式2 Nevertheless, it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology. 然而,要让大多数新家庭开始使用这项新技术还需要几年的时间。
句式剖析
本句型中,before引导时间状语从句,意为“在……之前”。 before引导时间状语从句时,用以表示从句动作发生之前的时间,译法灵活。
We need to get to the root of the problem before we can solve it.
在我们解决问题之前,我们需要找到问题的根源。
考点提炼
It took/will take/was/will be+一段时间+before从句……之后才……
归纳拓展
(1)强调从句动作发生在主句之前,意为“不等……就……”。
He had got on the train before I could say goodbye.我还没来得及说再见,他就已经上了火车。
Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone!
尼古拉斯还未弄明白怎么回事就迷路了,变成了独自一人!
(2)在“It+be+时间段+before从句”中,意为“……之后才……”。
It will be five years before we meet again.五年之后,我们才能再相见。
(3)在“It+be+not+long+before从句”中,意为“……不久就……”。
It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position.不久他就意识到了处境的危险。
(4)在特定的情景中,意为“趁着……”。
(5)hardly…before/when…意为“刚……就……”。
Hardly had I reached the station when the train left.我刚到车站,火车就开了。
经典例题
单句语法填空
(1)If you miss this chance, it may be years you get another one.
(2)The experts pointed out that it would be many years the survivors of the earthquake got fully recovered.
(3)—Dad, how long will it be I die
—You aren’t going to die. What’s the matter with you
(4)With some technical problems to be solved, it may be a while the system is put into use.
参考答案
(1)before 句意: 如果你错过这个机会,可能要数年后你才会遇到类似的机会。从属连词before引导时间状语从句。
(2)before 句意: 专家们指出,很多年后地震的幸存者才能完全恢复过来。
(3)before 句意: ——爸爸,多久之后我会死去 ——你不会死去的。你怎么了
(4)before 句意: 还有一些技术问题有待解决,可能还要过一段时间这个系统才能被投入使用。
句式3Then he has lunch,which takes about half an hour. 然后他吃午饭,这花了大约半个小时。
句式剖析
本句的which takes about half an hour为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句,which代替前面整个句子的内容,which在定语从句中充当takes的主语。
考点提炼
which, as引导非限制性定语从句的区别
(1)which引导的从句不能放在主句前,而as引导的从句可以放在主句之前、主句之后或主句中间均可以,通常用逗号与主句隔开。
(2)用作关系代词,as和which都可以指代一个句子,但as有“正如”“就像”之意,which则没此含义。
(3)as常用于以下结构(引导非限制性定语从句):
as (it) was said earlier正如早先所说
as is known to all=as we all know 众所周知;正如我们都知道的
as is reported正如所报道的
as we had expected正如我们所预料的
as everybody/you can see正如人们/你所见
as is mentioned above正如以上提到的
as is often the case这是常有的事情
As you mentioned, making as much money as possible is not the goal of this blog.
如同你所提到的,这个博客的目标并不是为了赚尽可能多的钱。
As is known to all, shoes play an important role in our life, for they can protect our feet from being hurt.
众所周知,鞋子在我们的生活中起着非常重要的作用,因为它们能保护我们的脚免受伤害。
As is often the case,little boys tend to be very active and out of control.
小男孩总是很活泼好动,很难控制,这是常见的情况。
There was a bank around here, as I remember.
我记得过去这儿附近有一家银行。
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)The number of smokers, is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
(2)She and her family bicycle to work, helps them keep fit.
(3)The market, was founded in 1979, sets up its tents every Saturday from 7 am to 1 pm, rain or shine.
2.单句写作
(1)We often observed the stars in the wild, (正如我记得的).
(2) (如上提到), crops such as grains and peanuts are fit to grow in sand fields.
(3)The number of smokers, (正如报道的那样), has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
(4)There is no simple answer, (情况常常如此) in science.
(5)A laptop can get to the Internet outside, (这使我们) to get the latest information whenever we want.
参考答案
1.(1)as (2)which (3)which
2.(1)as I remember (2)As is mentioned above (3)as is reported (4)as is often the case (5)which enables us
句式4 Moreover,the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily, even if they are on opposite sides of the world. 此外,互联网使朋友和家人很容易保持联系成为可能,即使他们在世界的两端。
句式剖析
该句中的“made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch…”为“动词+it(形式宾语)+宾语补足语+逻辑主语+真正的宾语”结构。此处it为形式宾语,代替真正的宾语,即不定式短语to keep in touch…,形容词possible做宾语补足语,friends and family做逻辑主语。
考点提炼
it做形式宾语
it做形式宾语用法如下:
(1)“动词+形式宾语it+宾补+(for sb.)真正的宾语”结构,即6123结构,其用法如下:
①6 6个常见动词:make,believe,think,find,consider,feel
②1 形式宾语 it
③2 宾补的两种常见形式:形容词,名词
④3 真正宾语的常见形式:不定式(短语),动名词(短语),从句。用动名词(短语)形式做真正宾语时,宾补通常是no use,no good等。
⑤注意:当真正的宾语是不定式时,不定式有自身的逻辑主语,该主语的出现形式为for sb./sth.,真正的宾语是其他形式时,不会出现for sb./sth.情况。
No matter where he is, he makes it a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.
无论他在哪里,他早饭前外出散步已经成为常规。
I remember I made it clear to you that you shouldn’t be late again.
我记得我向你明确表示过你不该再迟到。
Nobody can make it possible that water replaces oil.
没有人能使水取代油。
(2)用于“enjoy/like/hate/appreciate/…+it+if/when…”结构中。
I hate it when people talk with their mouths full of food.
我讨厌人们满口食物说话。
(3)用于see to it that…,depend on it that…,take it for granted that…等结构中。
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)Susan made clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.
(2)I find it no use (argue) with Bill because he will never change his mind.
(3)I don’t feel it difficult (understand) English.
(4)I then made a point to attend those meetings and learn all I could.
(5)The fire made difficult to rescue the people trapped under the ruins in the earthquake.
(6)I believe it no use (read) without understanding.
2.根据汉语意思完成句子
(1)她感觉好好照顾他们是她的责任。
She felt .
(2)光说不做没什么好处。
talking without doing anything.
(3)吸烟会引起癌症是一个人尽皆知的事实。
It’s a well-known fact .
(4)我发现让人们笑比让他们哭更难。
I to make people laugh than to make them cry.
(5)我们都想当然地认为米勒能成功。
We all that Miller could succeed.
参考答案
1.(1)it (2)arguing (3)to understand (4)it (5)it (6)reading
2.(1)it her duty to take good care of them/(that) it was her duty to take good care of them
(2)It’s no good (3)that smoking can cause cancer (4)find it more difficult (5)took it for granted
句式5 Of course,when new technology changes the way we live, it can be a scary prospect. 当然,当新技术改变了我们的生活方式时,这可能是一个可怕的前景。
句式剖析
句中含有一个定语从句,the way为先行词, we live为定语从句。
考点提炼
the way后接定语从句
the way在定语从句中充当状语 ,关系词通常由in which或that引导,而且通常可以省略。
This doesn’t mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.
这并不意味着我们变得越发聪明,但毫无疑问,我们使用记忆的方式正在改变。
特别提醒
the way做先行词,关系词that/in which在定语从句中做状语时,关系词可以省略;如果关系词that/which在定语从句中做宾语,则that/which也可省略。
The way (which/that)he explained to us was quite simple.(which/that在从句中充当宾语)
The way(in which/that) he answered the question was surprising.(in which/that在从句中充当状语)
That is the way (in which/that) we solved the problem.
那就是我们解决那个问题的方法。
经典例题
根据汉语意思完成句子
(1)我们不喜欢他工作的方式。
We don’t like he does the job.
(2)我想买的那种电脑卖光了。
The computer was sold out.
(3)从他的行为来看,我认为他醉了。
From the way , I figured that he was drunk.
(4)然而,在电视和收音机里,你也会听出人们说话时的差异。
However,on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way .
参考答案
(1)the way (that/in which)
(2)(which/that) I wanted to buy
(3)he behaved
(4)people speak
