(共50张PPT)
(一) 行为（实义）动词一般现在时的用法：
1. 要表示经常性或习惯性的动作，要使用一般现在时。如：
I do my homework in the evening. 我晚上做作业。
2. 要表示现在的状态，也可以用一般现在时。如：
I know him very well. 我和他很熟。
3. 要表示客观事实，普遍真理， 要使用一般现在时。如：
Cats eat fish. 猫吃鱼。
一、行为动词的一般现在时
(二) 当主语是（非三单）第一人称、第二人称、第三人称复数或复数名词时，谓语要用动词原形；其否定形式一般在谓语动词前加don’t (do not)。
它的各种句式如下：
1. 肯定句：主语+动词原形+其它
I go to the park on Sunday. 星期天我去公园。
2. 否定句：主语+don’t+动词原形+其它
I don’t go to the park on Sunday. 星期天我不去公园。
3. 一般疑问句：Do+主语+动词原形+其它？
Do you go to the park on Sunday
4. 肯定回答：Yes, 主格代词+do.
Yes, I do. 是的，我去。
5. 否定回答：No,主格代词+don’t.
No, I don’t. 不，我不去。
(三)一般现在时主语为第三人称单数时的各种句式如下：
1. 肯定句：主语（三单）+动三单+其它.
He gets up very early. 他起床很早。
2. 否定句：主语（三单）+doesn’t +动词原形+其它.
He doesn’t get up very early.他起床不很早。
3. 疑问句：Does+主语（三单） +动词原形+其它？
Does he get up very early 他起床很早吗？
4. 肯定回答：Yes, 主语（三单） +does.
Yes, he does.
5. 否定回答：No, 主语（三单） +doesn’t.
No, he doesn’t.
(四) 动词第三人称单数(动三单)构成规律：
构成方法 例词
1. 一般情况下，在动词尾直接加-s。 help→helps know→knows
get→gets read→reads
2. 以字母o, s, x, ch , sh结尾的动词加-es。 go→goes guess→guesses fix→fixes
teach→teaches wash→washes
3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先变y为i,再加-es。 carry→carries
worry→worries
4. 不规则变化。 have →has be →is
(五) 一般现在时特殊疑问句
特殊疑问句要由疑问代词或疑问副词开头，询问的内容不同，使用的疑问词也不同。如：
—What is this 这是什么？
—It’s a key.这是一把钥匙。
—How much is it 这个多少钱？
—It’s twenty dollars.二十美元。
—What kind of movie do you like
你喜欢哪一类型的电影？
—I like action movies.我喜欢动作影片。
1. 特殊疑问句的语序
特殊疑问句由疑问词开头，其构成是“特殊疑问词＋一般疑问句”。如：
What time is it 几点了？
Who is your teacher 谁是你的老师？
但是如果疑问词在句子中作主语或作主语的定语，就用特殊疑问词＋陈述句。如：
Whose bike is here 谁的自行车在这儿？
Who can drive a car 谁会开车？
2. 特殊疑问句的答语
特殊疑问句不能用yes，no来回答，而应根据它所询问的内容直接做出回答才行。如：
—What time is it, please 请问几点了？
—It’s 7：30.七点半了。
—Where are they 他们在哪儿？
—They’re in the playground. 他们在操场上。
—What’s your favorite subject
你最喜爱的科目是什么？
—English.英语。
3. 特殊疑问句的语调
一般情况下，特殊疑问句要用降调(↘)来读。如：
How old is↘Jack？杰克多大了？
4. 常用的疑问词：
wh-家族：what (什么)，where (在哪里)，when (什么时候)，what time (几点)，who (谁)，why (为什么)，whom (who的宾格)，whose(谁的)，which (哪一个)。how家族：how (如何)，how old (多大)，how many (多少)，how much (多少)，how often (多久一次)，how long (多长)，how soon (多久)，how far (多远)。
巧学妙记：
不论wh 家族还是how家族，各个成员的名称要记牢；特殊疑问句无论谁来导，切记一定要在最前面跑。
1 Complete the sentences with the correct form of
the words in brackets.
The zebra doesn’t eat ( not eat ) meat.
1. Bears ____ (like) fish.
2. This bear ___________ (not like) leaves.
3. Tigers _________ (not eat) grass.
4. Monkeys ____ (live) in Asia, Africa and America.
5. This monkey ___ (be) from China.
6. Giraffes ____ (eat) the leaves of the trees.
7. The zebra and elephant _________ (not live) in America.
like
doesn’t like
don’t eat
live
is
eat
don’t live
Grammar and speaking
1. 频率副词是表示与次数, 频率有关的副词, 其排列是(由大到小): always (总是) ﹥ usually (通常)﹥often (常常)﹥sometimes (有时) ﹥seldom (不常)﹥never (从不)
2. 对表示频率副词的时间状语的提问用 how often，意为“多久（一次）”。
二、频率副词
⑴ 频率副词用在be动词后。
It is usually hot in summer. 夏天天气通常是热的。
⑵ 频率副词用在行为动词前。
My father usually walks home. 我的父亲经常步行回家。
⑶ 频率副词用在助动词与主要动词之间。
I don’t always get up early. 我不总是早起。
⑷ 频率副词用在情态动词后。
She can often go to school by bus. 她常常可以坐公共汽车上学。
⑸ sometimes 既可以放在在be动词，助动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前，也可以放在句首，还可以放在句尾。
I go to the library sometimes. 我有时去图书馆。 Sometimes I read a book in the evening. 我有时在晚上看书。
3. 频率副词在句中的位置：
Daming gets music from the Internet. (never)
Daming never gets music from the Internet.
2. Tony meets his friends on Saturday morning.(often)
Tony often meets his friends on Saturday morning.
3. Betty and Lingling do their homework on Sunday. (always)
Betty and Lingling always do their homework on Sunday.
4. Lingling visits her grandma at the weekend. (often)
Lingling often visits her grandma at the weekend.
5. Betty watches television in the morning.(never)
Betty never watches television in the morning.
2 Complete the sentences with the words in brackets.
Betty sends me a card on my birthday. ( always)
Betty always sends me a card on my birthday.
三、动词be (说明身份、年龄、状态等)
一般现在时的句子中，动词be有三种形式，分别是is，am，are。系动词be的形式由主语决定。
主语 be
I am
He/She/It is
They/We/You are
1. Be动词用法巧学妙记:
动词be，变化大，I用am，you用are，
is用于它(it)他(he)她(she)，单用is, 复用are。
2. 缩写形式：isn’t=is not aren’t=are not
注意：am not一般不缩写。
—Are you a doctor —No，________.
A．I am not B．I am’t
C．you are D．you aren’t
【点拨】由No可知回答用否定形式，排除C项，回答时人称变化由第二人称变第一人称，排除D项，am not一般不缩写，排除B项，故选A。
A
3. 含be动词的一般现在时肯定句变否定句时在be后直接加not, 变一般疑问句时把be提至句首。
巧学妙记：
单数名词用is，复数名词都用are。
变否定更容易，be后not加上去。
变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫忘记。
还有一项要清楚，句首大写要牢记。
She is my friend. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)
— _____ she your friend — Yes, she ____.
【点拨】含be动词的肯定句变一般疑问句时将be提前，肯定回答前后要一致，故用Is，is。
Is
is
1. ___your father cooking the meal
2. ___your mother cleaning the house
3. ___your grandma sweeping the floor
4. ___ people in Moscow going to work now
5. ___people in New York having lunch now
6. ___your cousin going to bed now
7. ___you doing your homework
8. ___I a worker or a teacher
3 Complete the questions with the correct form
of the verb be.
Now answer the questions.
Is
Is
Is
Is
Are
Are
Are
Am
A: Are they dancing
B: No, they aren’t.
A: What are they doing
B: They are drinking.
4 Look at the pictures. Ask and answer questions
about them.
A: Are they going to school
B: No, they aren’t.
A: What are they doing
B: They are walking
on the Great Wall.
A: Are they drawing pictures
B: No, they aren’t.
A: What are they doing ..
B: They are taking a photo.
A: Are they flying the kite
B: No, they aren’t.
A: What are they doing
B: They are looking at the kite.
A: Are they playing yangge
B: No, they aren’t.
A: What are they doing
B: They are playing taijiquan.
1. 现在进行时的含义:
①现在进行时态表示现在（此刻）正在进行或发生的
动作。
My brother is sleeping now.我弟弟现在正在睡觉。
Look! The students are having an English class now.
看！学生们现在正在上英语课呢。
Listen! She is singing over there. 听，她正在那边唱歌。
②现在进行时态还可以表示当前一段时间内的活动或
现阶段正在进行的动作。如：
We are working on a farm these days.
这些天我们在农场工作。 We are studying Unit 1 this week.
这周我们学习第一单元。
四、现在进行时
2. 谓语构成：助动词be+动词的现在分词 (V-ing )
be 随着人称、数的变化而变化(am/is/are)。
I am talking with a boy.
我在同一个男孩说话。
She is listening to me. 她在听我说。
We are eating. 我们在吃。
3. 动词现在分词的构成规则
⑴ 直接在动词尾加-ing。如：
read-reading look-looking play-playing eat-eating
⑵ 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去掉字母e，再加-ing。如：take-taking have-having
⑶ 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音结尾的动词，应双写最后的辅音字母，再加-ing。如：
sit-sitting run-running get-getting
swim-swimming shop-shopping put-putting
set-setting stop-stopping begin-beginning
⑷ 以ie结尾的动词，把ie变成y，再加-ing。 如：
lie-lying die-dying tie-tying
4. 现在进行时的各种句式:
⑴肯定句：主语 + be + 动词-ing ＋其它。
They are waiting for buses.
⑵否定句：主语 + be + not + 动词-ing ＋其它。
They are not (aren’t) waiting for buses.
⑶一般疑问句： Be +主语 + 动词-ing ＋其它？
Are they waiting for buses
肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + be.
否定回答: No,主语 + be + not.
Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.
⑷特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋一般疑问句？
What are they waiting for
They are waiting for buses.
1. It’s 8:30. We __________ (have) classes.
2. Listen! She __________ (sing) a song.
3. ---- What are you doing now
---- I ____________ (get) off the bus.
4. Look! Daming __________ (buy) postcards.
5. My father (write) a book these days.
are having
is singing
am getting
is buying
5. 现在进行时的标志词：
标志词: now / at the moment(在此刻)
It’s + 时间点.
Look! / Listen!
What is/are … doing
this week, these days/months/years…
is writing
It’s Tony’s birthday. He usually (1) ____ (have) a party and he (2) __________ (have) a party now. His mother always (3) _______ (make) a birthday cake. It (4) ____ (be) a chocolate cake – his favourite. All Tony’s friends (5) ____ (be) at the party. They (6) __________ (give) him presents and he (7) __________ (open) them. They usually (8) ______ (give) him CDs or books. They usually (9) ___ (eat) healthy food but they (10) ____________ (not eat) healthy food at the party! They (11) _________ candy and (12) __________ (drink) cola. Tony (13) ___________ (enjoy) his birthday party.
5 Complete the passage with the correct form of
the words in brackets.
has
is having
makes
is
are
are giving
is opening
give
eat
aren’t eating
drinking
is enjoying
are eating
介词又叫做前置词（是prepositions，简称prep.) ，一般位于名次之前。是一种虚词，在句子中不做任何成分，如 at, in, on, about, above, for, from, with ;一些常用介词的搭配力特别强,可以用来表示各种不同的意思, 英语里大部分习语都是由介词和其他词构成的。介词在句中一般不重读。
五、介词
英语中常见的介词及词组
in in the park/in 2015/in spring
on on the desk/on July 1st/on Monday
at at a hotel/ at 6:00/at home
about a book about the Great Wall
of a photo of Jim’s family
to go to school/five to seven/listen to
with play with him/tea with sugar
from come from/from 6:00 to 9:00
past ten past ten
behind behind the door
要点归纳
初中英语中常见的介词及词组
near near the sea
in front of
in the front of in front of Wang Hui
next to next to the hospital
on the right of
on one’s right on the right of the library
on my right
between between Guilin and Yangshuo
like look like
before before 7:30
after after school/after that
as such as/the same as
for buy sth. for sb.
要点归纳
__ October the first 1949 在1949年10月1日
__ a summer evening 在夏天的一个夜晚
__ New Year’s Day 在元旦 __ my birthday 在我的生日
__ May Day 在"五·一"节 winter day 在冬天
__Sunday 在星期天 __the first 在1号
__Tuesday morning 在 星期二早晨 __ the evening of 4th 在 4日晚上
__ Saturday afternoon 星期六下午
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
介词填空
归纳：日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早午晚;以下皆用on
___1927 在1927年 ___ April 在四月 ___ March 在三月 ___ December 1986 在1986年12月 ___ July l983 在1983年7月 ___spring 在春季 __summer 在夏季 ___autumn 在秋季 __ winter 在冬季 ___the fist week of this semester
在这学期的第一周 ___the third week 在第三周
in
in
in
归纳：在年、月、年月、季节、世纪、周 在“某月”，在“某年某月” (但在某年某月某日则用on)，在四季，在第几周等都要用in。
介词填空
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
___dawn, ___daybreak 在黎明时候 ___noon 在中午 ___night 在夜间 ___ midnight 在午夜(以上短语都不用冠词) ___six o‘clock 在6点钟 ___ 7：30 (seven thirty) 在7点半
___ half past eleven 在11点半 ___nine fifteen 在9点15分 ___ten thirty a.m. 在上午10点30分 也可以写成 seven to five 5点差7分(半小时以上) five minutes after two 2点过5分 ___a quarter to two 1点45分 ___the weekend 在周末
at
at
归纳：at用在黎明、在中午、在午夜、在几点几分前
at
介词填空
at
at
at
at
at
at
at
at
at
A: Would you like to come to my house
(1) ___ Sunday
B: Yes What time
A: Can you make it (2) ___ eight o’clock
B: Good. Who is coming too
A: Zhang Hua and Li Ming.
B: Let’s listen (3) ___ music (4) ___ the morning
and play basketball (5) ___ the afternoon.
A: OK. Would you like to go to the cinema
(6) ___ the evening
B: Great!
6 Complete the conversation with at, in, on or to.
on
at
to
in
in
in
a ____ of pencils
box
concert ______
tickets
a birthday________
present
box
2. tickets
3. present
4. chocolate
5. T- shirt
6. card
7. cake
7 Complete the puzzle.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Vocabulary and speaking
8 Complete the sentences with words from the box.
buy do eat give save sweep use checks
I always ______ a birthday card to my mum.
2. I help my mum to _______ the floor.
3. Do you often ____ your homework at school
4. What do you ____ a computer to do
5. Can you help me to ______ my document
6. We are making dinner. Would you like to_____ with us
7. Do your parents often _______tickets on the Internet
give
sweep
do
use
save
eat
buy
1. What’s your favourite animal
2. What’s your favourite food
3. What can you do on a computer
4. What’s your favourite school subject
5. What’s your favourite place to go
9 Work in pairs. Ask and answer.
My favourite animal is … .
I like … best.
I can search the information, watch football matches….
I like … best.
My favourite place to go is ….
a) a Christmas tree □
b) colour paper □
c) candy □
d) juice □
e) cola □
10 Listen and check(√) the things they’re buying.
Now listen again and match the people with what they like doing.
Betty
Linling
Daming
getting the food ready
singing songs
dancing
√
√
Listening
我们祝你们圣诞快乐
我们祝你们圣诞快乐
我们祝你们圣诞快乐
并且新年快乐
我们为您与您家人
带来了好消息
圣诞的好消息
新年快乐
We wish you a Merry Christmas, We wish you a Merry Christmas, We wish you a Merry Christmas and a happy New Year. Good tidings we bring, to you and your kin. Good tidings for Christmas and a happy New Year!
11 Listen and sing.
We Wish You a Merry Christmas
Reading
12 Read the email from Tony’s friend, John.
Check(√）the true sentences.
Dear Tony,
I go to a new school in Cambridge now. I like it very much. I’m making a lot of new friends.
I’m studying new subjects, like science. It’s very interesting. We’re using computers and learning how to use the Internet. We write emails to people in different countries. I’m learning how people live in different countries. It’s great!
√
√
We do PE on Wednesday in the afternoon. Sometimes we stay in the sports hall to do sports and I like that too. I play football after school on Mon-days. I like playing football a lot.
I’m enjoying my new school!
Write and tell me what you’re doing in your school in China!
John
1. John’s school is in China.
2. John is making new friends.
3. John often plays football.
4. John isn’t enjoying his new school.
13 Read the email in Activity 12 again and find out
why John is enjoying his school.
John is enjoying his new school in Cambridge because…
John is enjoying his new school in Cambridge because he’s making a lot of new friends. He’s studying new subjects, like science. It’s very interesting. He’s learning how to use the Internet. He’s learning how people live in different countries. Sometimes He and his friends stay in the sports hall to do sports. He plays football after school on Mondays. He likes playing football a lot.
Dear Tom,
I’ve got a new computer! (1) _____ really good. I listen
To music and watch movies but I don’t use it for emails
(2) ____ got a new game, and I play it with my brother.
He (3) _______ send emails but he uses the Internet and talks to friends. What’s your favourite computer game
Love from,
Martin
14 Complete the letter. Notice apostrophes ( ’ ).
It’s
I’ve
doesn’t
Writing and speaking
六、and和but的用法
and和but两个都是连词，可以用来连接两个同类的词、短语或句子，他们前后连接的成分必须一致。
1. and用来连接前后两个意思并列的同类的词、短语或句子，表示并列。如：
I have a pen and a pencil. 我有一只钢笔和一只铅笔。
Tom is staying at home and watching TV.
汤姆正待在家看电视。
This is Li Daming and his English name is Jack.
这是李大明，他的英文名叫杰克。
2. but用来连接前后两个意思相反或表示意思发生转折的同类的词、短语或句子，表示转折。如：
The bicycle is beautiful but too expensive.
这辆自行车漂亮但是贵。
He is my friend but he is not in my school.
他是我的朋友但是他不在我的学校。
A tiger likes meats, but it doesn’t eat vegetables.
1. Some people think tigers live in Africa ___ they don’t.
2. Bears live in cold countries, ____ they sometimes live
in hot countries too.
3. The panda likes to eat bamboo, ____ it eats leaves too.
4. Zebras live in Africa ____ they eat plants, grass and
leaves.
15 Complete the sentences with and or but
but
but
and
and
16 Work in pairs. Have a conversation
inviting your friends to a party.
Time: Saturday evening
Place: your home
Friends to come: from your school now and your
primary school
Activities: dance, sing, listen to music, play games,
watch a football match
You may include
go to a concert
have a party
play games
eat nice food
17 Write an invitation letter to invite your
friends to celebrate New Year’s Day.
Model essay
Dear Tom,
I’m writing to invite you to celebrate New Year’s Day with us.
On that day, we usually go to a concert first , and then
have a New Year’s Day party. At the party, we always have a traditional family dinner with lots of nice food. After dinner, we always play some games and make a play or tell stories.
It’s always fun to celebrate New Year’s Day and I hope you can come.
Love,
Lucy
Homework
1. 完成练习册的所有练习。
2. 把每个模块的知识点复习一遍。
3. 把每个模块的单词和课文读3遍。
