Unit 2 Roads to education单元素养评估测试卷（上教版必修二）
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Unit 2 Roads to education
单元素养评估测试卷
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Some people believe that a Robin Hood (罗宾汉) is at work while others say that a wealthy person simply wants to distribute his or her fortune before dying. But the donor ___21___ started sending envelopes with cash to deserving causes, accompanied by an article from the local paper, has made a northern German city believe in fairy tales (童话).
The first envelope was sent to a victim support group. It contained ? 10, 000 with a cutting from the Braunschweig Zeitung about how the group supported a woman who ___22___ (rob) of her handbag; similar plain white anonymous (匿名) envelopes, each containing ? 10, 000, then ___23___ (arrive) at a kindergarten and a church.
The envelopes keep coming, and so far at least ? 190, 000 ___24___ (distribute). Last month, one of them was sent to the newspaper’s own office. It came after a story it published about Tom, a 14-year-old boy who was severely disabled in a swimming accident. The receptionist at the Braunschweig Zeitung opened an anonymous white envelope to find 20 notes of ? 500, inside ___25___ there was a copy of the article. The name of the family was underlined.
“I ___26___ (drive) when I heard the news,” Claudia Neumann, the boy’s mother, told DerSpiegel magazine. “I had to park on the side of the road; I was speechless.”
The money will be used to make the entrance to their house wheelchair-accessible and for a course of treatment their insurance company refused to pay for.
“For someone to act so selflessly, for this to happen in such a society ___27___ everyone thinks of himself, was astonishing,” Mrs. Neumann said. Her family wonder whether the donor is a Robin Hood character, taking from banks to give to the needy.
Henning Noske, the editor of the Braunschweig Zeitung, said: “Maybe it is an old person who is about to die. We just do not know.” However, he has told his reporters not to look for the city’s hero for fear that discovery may stop the donations.
【答案】21. that/who 22. was robbed 23. arrived 24. has been distributed 25. which 26. was driving 27. where
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了在德国北部的一座城市里，有一个现实生活中的“罗宾汉”，以匿名的方式提供金钱援助那些真正需要帮助的人。
【21题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：但是，捐赠者开始给值得关注的事业发送装有现金的信封，并附有当地报纸发表的一篇文章，这一切使德国北部的一座城市相信童话故事。根据句意和句子结构可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为donor，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或who引导从句。故填that/who。
【22题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：第一个信封是寄给受害者支援小组的。其中有1万欧元，和一个来自Braunschweig Zeitung的剪报，内容是关于该组织是如何帮助一名被抢手提包的妇女的报道。根据句意可知，句子讲述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，rob意为“抢劫”，动词词性，woman与rob之间为被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，且谓语动词用单数。故填was robbed。
【23题详解】
考查时态。句意：同样的匿名白信封，装着10,000欧元，之后抵达在一所幼儿园和一家教堂。句中arrive意为“到达”，动词词性，根据句意可知，信封到达幼儿园的动作是在过去发生的，故应用一般过去时，故填arrived。
【24题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：信封不断送来，到目前为止，已经分发了至少19万欧元。根据句意和句中so far（到目前为止）可知，distribute（分发）的动作从过去开始，持续到现在，故句子应用现在完成时。句中? 190, 000与distribute之间为被动关系，即钱被分发，故应用现在完成时的被动语态，? 190, 000代表钱的整体数目，谓语动词用单数，故填has been distributed。
【25题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：Braunschweig Zeitung的接待员打开一个匿名的白色信封，里面有20张500欧元的钞票，还有一份这篇文章的副本。根据句意和句子结构可知，本句为非限制性定语从句，关系词指代先行词envelope（指物）并在从句中作介词inside的宾语，故填which。
【26题详解】
考查时态。句意：男孩的母亲Claudia Neumann告诉DerSpiegel杂志：“当我听到这个消息时，我正在开车。”根据文章内容可知，Claudia Neumann正在回忆过去发生的事，再根据句中“when I heard the news”可知，句子讲述的是过去某一时间点正在发生的事，故应用过去进行时，故填was driving。
【27题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：Mrs. Neumann说：“在这样一个人人都想着自己的社会里发生这种事，一个人的行为能如此的无私，真是令人吃惊。” 根据句意和句子结构可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为society，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. access B. appeal C. attraction D. based AB. biography AC. drawn AD. limitations BC. mainstream BD. raised CD. ruins ABC. scholarly
The term ‘dark tourism’ is far newer than the practice, which long predates Pompeii’s emergence as a dark attraction. Dr. Philip Stone, perhaps the world’s leading academic expert on dark tourism, considers the Roman Coliseum to be one of the first dark tourist sites, where people travelled long distances to watch death as sport. Later, until the late 18th century, the _____31_____ was crueler still in central London, where people paid money to sit in grandstands to watch mass hangings. Dealers would sell pies at the site, which was roughly where Marble Arch stands today.
It was only in 1996 that ‘dark tourism’ entered the _____32_____ vocabulary when two academics in Glasgow applied it while looking at sites associated with the murder of John F. Kennedy. Those who study dark tourism identify plenty of reasons for the growing phenomenon, including _____33_____ awareness of it as an identifiable thing. _____34_____ to sites has also improved with the arrival of cheap air travel. It’s hard to imagine that the Auschwitz-Birkenau memorial and museum would now welcome more than two million visitors a year were it not for its nearness to Krakow’s international airport. Peter Hohenhaus, a widely travelled dark tourist _____35_____ in Vienna, also points to the broader rise in off-the-beaten-track tourism, beyond the territory of popular guidebooks and TripAdvisor rankings. “A lot of people don’t want _____36_____ tourism and that often means engaging with places that have a more recent history than, say, a Roman ruin,” he says. “You go to Sarajevo (萨拉热窝) and most people remember the war being in the news so it feels closer to one’s own _____37_____.”
Hohenhaus is also a fan of ‘beauty in decay’, the contemporary cultural movement in which urban _____38_____ have become subject matter for expensive coffee-table books and a thousand Instagram accounts. The crossover (糅合) with death is clear. “I’ve always been _____39_____ to ruined things,” the 54-year-old says. But while, like any tourism, dark tourism at its best is educational, the example of Grenfell Tower (a London tower block, destroyed by a fire in 2017 with 71 deaths) hints at the unease felt at some sites. “I remember the Lonely Planet Bluelist book had a chapter about dark tourism a while ago and one of the rules was ‘don’t go back too early’,” Hohenhaus says. “I’ll be interested to see Grenfell Tower up close. I can see the ______40______. But I would not stand in the street taking a selfie merrily.”
【答案】31. B 32. ABC 33. BD 34. A 35. D 36. BC 37. AB 38. CD 39. AC 40. C
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主语介绍了“黑暗旅游”是到涉及到历史上与死亡和悲剧有关的地方参观的旅游及其流行的原因。
【31题详解】
考查名词。句意：后来，直到18世纪晚期，在伦敦市中心，人们花钱坐在看台上观看集体绞刑，这种吸引力更加残酷。根据空前定冠词“the”可知，所填应是名词，结合后文“where people paid money to sit in grandstands to watch mass hangings”可知，人们会花钱坐在看台上观看大规模的绞刑，说明这是具有“吸引力”的。选项B“appeal”作名词，意为“吸引力；魅力”，符合语境分析。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词。句意：直到1996年，“黑暗旅游”才进入学术词汇，当时格拉斯哥的两位学者在研究与约翰·F·肯尼迪谋杀案有关的地点时将其应用。所填空应是形容词作定语修饰之后名词“vocabulary”，结合后文“when two academics in Glasgow applied it while looking at sites associated with the murder of John F. Kennedy(格拉斯哥的两位学者在研究与约翰·F·肯尼迪谋杀案有关的网站时应用了它。)”可知，应是“学术词汇”。选项ABC“scholarly”为形容词，意为“学术的；学术性的”，符合语境分析。故选ABC项。
【33题详解】
考查动词。句意：研究“黑暗旅游”的人认为，这种日益增长的现象有很多原因，包括人们越来越意识到它是一种可识别的事物。所填空应是动词，结合后文宾语“awareness”可知，应是固定短语“raise awareness of…”，意为“提高……意识；唤醒……的意识”。故选BD项。
【34题详解】
考查名词。句意：随着廉价航空的到来，进入到这些（事件发生的）场所的情况也有所增加。所填空为句子主语，应是名词，结合空后“to sites”可知，所选词应与“to”连用，构成固定短语。选项A“access”为名词，意为“进入手段；进入权”，可构成固定短语“access to…”，意为“进入……”，符合语境搭配。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：彼得 霍亨豪斯是一位住在维也纳的“黑暗之旅”的常客，他也指出，非主流旅游正在广泛兴起，超出了流行旅游指南和TripAdvisor排名的范围。所填空为非谓语动词，做之前名词“dark tourist”的后置定语，且与空后的介词“in”构成固定短语，选项D“based”，可构成固定短语“（be）based in+地点名词”，“be based in = be located in”，意为“位于……”，符合语境和语义搭配。故选D项。
【36题详解】
考查名词作定语。句意：他说：“很多人不想要主流旅游，这往往意味着要去那些历史比罗马废墟更近的地方。”根据空后“tourism”为名词可知，所填空应是其定语，结合后文“that often means engaging with places that have a more recent history than, say, a Roman ruin”可知，游客想要去一些历史更近的地方，而不是像罗马废墟这样比较主流的游览地，选项BC“mainstream”意为“主流”，可作定语，符合语境搭配。故选BC项。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：你去萨拉热窝，大多数人都记得新闻里的战争，所以感觉更像是自己的经历。根据空前“one’s own”可知，所填空应是名词，结合前文“You go to Sarajevo and most people remember the war being in the news(你去萨拉热窝，大多数人都记得新闻里的战争)”可知，本句应是指萨拉热窝事件代表的第一次世界大战，以此到该地游览应是能够感受到当时的“事件”，就像自己经历过一样。选项AB“biography”为名词，意为“传记”，用在句中可表达“你去萨拉热窝，大多数人都记得新闻里的战争，所以感觉更像是自己的经历”，符合语境。故选AB项。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：Hohenhaus也是“衰变中的美”的粉丝，这是一场当代文化运动，在这场运动中，城市废墟已经成为昂贵的咖啡桌上书籍和成千上万个Instagram账户的主题。根据空前“urban”可知，所填空应是名词，结合后文“I’ve always been _____9_____ to ruined things”可知，所填名词应与“ruins”相呼应。选项CD“ruins”作名词，意为“残垣断壁；废墟”，符合分析。故选CD项。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我总是被破坏的东西所吸引。分析可知，所填词应是形容词，与空前“be”动词，空后“to”构成固定结构，且与前文“a fan of …”中“fan”相呼应。选项AC“drawn”，可构成“be drawn to…”，固定短语，意为“被……所吸引”，符合语境搭配。故选AC项。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：我很想近距离看看格伦费尔大厦。我能看到它的吸引力。根据空前“see”可知，所填空应是名词，结合前文“I’ll be interested to see Grenfell Tower up close(我很想近距离看看格伦费尔大厦)”可知，所选名词应表达与旅游有关的含义。选项C“attraction”，为名词，意为“吸引力；游览胜地”，符合语境分析。故选C项。
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B. C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
More than five million American children and teens have been diagnosed with attention Deficit /hyperactivity Disorder, a condition that makes it difficult-if not (51) to focus and complete the tasks. When Katherine Ellision found herself shouting at her son(52) to shut up, she didn’t know that he had ADHD, nor that she bad it too. Together they(53) a year- long search to understand the disorder, investigating and trying different (54) . Ellison recorded their Experiences in a new book, Buzz: a year of paying attention.
Buzz Ellision had many problems I elementary school. He couldn’t sit and(55) , and was constantly jumping up and down in class, not focusing on the task（56） , not paying attention to his teachers（57） , his mother Katherine Ellision says, he was always in trouble.
Katherine Ellison, a Pulitzer Prize-winning investigative journalist says she didn’t understand why her son behaved like that, and admits, her behavior was also(58) the situation.
“I was making things worse often by being anxious or being (59) or not understanding him. I realized at some point that I really hadn't hugged him in a while. I wasn’t smiling when he came into the room because we were having such a hard time, (60) Ellison.
“It was a great relief to actually get a diagnosis, because I had spent a lifetime really wondering what was（61） and why I seem to be different from so many other people I knew. "Ellison and Buzz decided to work together to deal with their disorder and write a book about their experience.
“ My son and I started out by writing a contract together, which was terrific because it changed the(62) from being a shameful problem that we had to a joint business project, " explained Ellison. "I also knew that he would(63) with me. He wanted a percentage of the
(64) from the book. I was willing to do that because all of a sudden, we’re(65) rather than enemies．”
51、A． impossible B, acceptable C likely D. intriguing
52. A, normally B. extremely C. constantly D. coherently
53. A. looked after B. brought up C heard about D. set about
54. A. cases B. treatment C. healing D. revival
55. A peaceful B, quiet C. patient D still
56. A, at most B. at hand C. in emergency D, in particular
57.A As a result B. For instance C. To begin with D. Nevertheless
58. A contributing to B. composed of C. resulting from D. giving rise to
59. A impolite B. earnest C. reluctant D. impatient
60. A repeated B. released C. reiterated- D. Recalled
61. A. getting up B. going on C. picking up D. moving on
62. A. location B. standard C. point D motivation-
63.A. bargain B. cooperate C. reason D. deal
64. A interest B. award C. profits D. achievements
65.A. partners B competitors C-opponents D acquaintances
51-55. ACDBD 56-60. BAADD 61-65. BCBCA
51.【参考答案】A
【思路解析】not impossible 双重否定表肯定，意为注意力缺失症很难集中和完成一项任务，可能性很小。
52.【参考答案】C
【思路解析】Katherine Elision 也有注意力缺失症，她会不断地冲着他儿子喊，让她儿子闭嘴。所以选constantly.
53.【参考答案】D
【思路解析】set about 意为着手去做，开始做，此处表明了Katherine Elision意识到她跟儿子都有注意力缺失症，所以他们开始了维持一年的研究来明白这种disorder. set about 后面加不定式，B项是提出、养育的意思，不符合句意。所以选D.
54.【参考答案】B
【思路解析】treatment意为治疗，承接上文Katherine Elision和儿子尝试了不同的治疗方法。所以选B。
55.【参考答案】D
【思路解析】still在这句话中是副词，修饰sit, 意为“静静地”。ABC选型都是形容词，不符合句意，所以选D。
56.【参考答案】B
【思路解析】Katherine Elision的儿子总是蹦上蹦下，无法集中与手上的任务，at hand意为“在手中的”，所以选B。
57.【参考答案】A
【思路解析】前两句说的是Katherine Elision的儿子在学校的表现，最后这一句表达的是“结果，Katherine Elision觉得儿子总是制造麻烦。所以选A项。
58.【参考答案】A
【思路解析】Katherine Elision不明白为什么儿子在学校时那样的表现，然后承认自己的行为举止对此也有责任。Contributing to对…….有贡献。
59.【参考答案】D
【思路解析】这一段主要是Katherine Elision的具体陈述，表述自己的状态，所以由句意可知，她自己也是没有耐心地状态。所以选D。
60.【参考答案】D
【思路解析】这一段是Katherine Elision对以往的回顾，所以填recalled.
61.【参考答案】B
【思路解析】what was going on相当于what happened 意为”发生了什么”，所以选B.
62.【参考答案】C
【思路解析】Katherine Elision和儿子决定一起改变，所以是change the point。ABD带进去均不符合句意。
63.【参考答案】B
【思路解析】Katherine Elision与儿子相互合作，所以选B:cooperate.
64.【参考答案】C
【思路解析】儿子想从书本里得到一定比例的红利，所以先C。
65.【参考答案】A
【思路解析】Katherine Elision愿意配合儿子，因为很多时候，他意识到，他们是同伴而不是对手。所以选A。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
A
I'd spent decades telling my girls that their bodies were a means to a long and satisfactory life, not objects to be admired because of how they look. I told them that good health and the energy to enjoy life should be their ultimate(最终的) goals, not fitting into society's preconceived ideas of what is beautiful.
This year I'm sixty years old. I appear much older than before. This aging body of mine is not the one I expected to have. Looking at the old, fat, wrinkled woman in the mirror, I begin to complain about it. I've actually spent a lifetime focusing on my flaws, constantly complaining about my less-than-perfect self. As I was complaining yet again, my younger daughter told me, “Mom, stop. Stop putting yourself down. This is the body you live in now. It's beautiful because it's yours. ” If I'm unwilling to accept my aging self with grace and dignity, how can I possibly expect my girls to do the same when they face these same physical changes
And then, I learned that a friend of mine, the same age as me, died. At her funeral, her three heartbroken daughters spoke of their mother's devotion, wisdom, and compassion(同情心). They never said a single word about her appearance though her body had melted away during her last months. It didn't matter. I left that funeral desperate to hold my own girls in my arms, to kiss them and tell them how much they mean to me , and to promise that I will do better , be better—for them as well as for myself.
And so, to honour the memory of my dear friend and to set a good example to my beloved girls, I promise to love my aging body, and celebrate the gift of being alive.
1. What can we learn about the author from the first two paragraphs
A. She forgot to listen to her own advice.
B. She was more of a talker than a doer.
C. She was unaware of her words’ effects.
D. She was unwilling to accept others’ advice.
2. What does the underlined word “flaws” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Advantages. B. Imperfections. C. Appearances. D. Treasures.
3. What did the death of the author's friend make her aware of
A. Action speaks louder than words.
B. Lies can never change facts.
C. Beauty comes from the depths of the soul.
D. Whatever is worth doing is worth doing well.
4. What can be the best title for the text
A. Running through Life B. Rebuilding Your Life
C. Remembering to Respect Others D. Finding Beauty in Ourselves
【答案】ABCD
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，作者60岁了，日渐衰老，最近发生的两件事情让她意识到要接受自己的不完美,认真享受生活。
1. 【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。文章第一段介绍了作者对孩子们的忠告，第二段介绍了面对日渐衰老的自己作者难以释怀，忘记了自己对孩子们的忠告。
2. 【答案】B
【解析】词义猜测题。根据后文constantly complaining about my less-than-perfect self 可知，作者抱怨自己走形的身材，因此画线词意为“不完美”。
3. 【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段内容可以看出，朋友的孩子并不在意已故母亲去世前走形的身材，更加关注母亲的奉献，智慧和同情心，即真正的美丽来源于内在，而不是外表。
4. 【答案】 D
【解析】标题归纳题。本文作者通过两件事情，主要介绍了美的真正含义，即在不完美中找到真正的美。
B
Anti-Sleep Alarm
Price: US $5
EXTRA 5% OFF WHEN YOU BUY 2 OR MORE
Anti-Sleep Alarm is a new lifesaving anti-tiredness alarm. You just wear it behind the right ear. It works on the theory of electronic balance.
Working Theory
It is worn over the ear and has an electronic position sensor. When your head nods forward, it sounds a loud alarm to immediately wake you and warn your passengers.
Features
The Anti-Sleep Alarm features a driver safety alarm to help prevent accidents caused by falling asleep at the wheel. It is especially suitable for long-distance driving and night driving. The Anti-Sleep Alarm is also perfect for anyone who needs to stay awake on duty—guards, machine operators, and even students. It’s easy to use and can be comfortably worn for a long time.
● Alarm mode: sound di, di..
● Dimensions:80×22×15mm
● Battery: button cell battery (included)
● Life time: 30,000 nods
Payment
We accept PayPal only, with all major credit cards accepted through PayPal. Payment must be received within 7 business days after ordering.
Shipping
We ship to your eBay or PayPal address. Please make sure your eBay and PayPal address is correct before you pay. Goods will be shipped within 1-3 business days when we receive payment. Delivery（递送）time depends on destination. International buyers please note: Import duties（进口税）and taxes are not included in the price or shipping costs. Please check with your country’s customs office to determine what these extra costs will be before buying.
5. How much should be paid for 2 Anti-Sleep Alarms
A. US $10. B. US $9.5. C. US $10.5. D. US $9.
6. What is a feature of the Anti-Sleep Alarm
A. It is comfortable to wear. B. It is big and easy to use.
C. It can work for 30,000 minutes. D. It can be powered by any kind of battery.
7. What can we learn about shipping
A. The company will pay the extra costs.
B. Import duties and taxes are included in the price.
C. You will receive the goods within 1-3 business days.
D. The goods will be shipped to your eBay or PayPal address.
【答案】BAD
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一种反睡眠报警装置，它的功能相当于司机安全警报器，以防司机开车时意外睡着，特别适用于长途和夜间开车，也适用于值夜班的工作人员甚至学生。文章还介绍了订购方式。
【5题详解】细节理解题。由文章开头的“Price: US $5 EXTRA 5% OFF WHEN YOU BUY 2 OR MORE”可知，每个售价是5美元，如果买两个有5%的折扣，即5*2*95%=9.5。故选B。
【6题详解】细节理解题。由Features部分的“It’s easy to use and can be comfortably worn for a long time.”可知，反睡眠报警装置佩戴起来舒适。故选A。
【7题详解】细节理解题。由Shipping部分的“We ship to your eBay or PayPal address. ”可知，货物将寄往eBay或者PayPal的地址。故选D。
C
A star athlete at the college where I work recently stopped by my office. After committing a few unforced errors during a weekend match, she suffered severely by self-criticism.
This student, like many I teach, strongly believes she should be able to control the outcomes of her life by virtue of her hard work. In her mind, “Nothing can stop me but myself”. So when these students fall short of what they imagine they should accomplish, they are filled with self-blame, reasoning, “If my accomplishments are mine to control, my failures must be entirely my faults, too”, which makes it extremely difficult for them to move on.
We often owe young adults struggling with failure to their parents’ overprotection of them from discomfort. But there is another factor at play: a message transmitted by indulging (纵容的) parents who have falsely promised them that they can achieve anything if they are willing to work for it. However, the cruel reality of life is that you can do everything in your power — and still fail. Then what should be done to help
Psychologists Luthar and Kumar urge parents and teachers to spend time helping students find purpose, or goals they genuinely love to pursue and that make an impact on the world, which may help them gain greater life satisfaction and become more psychologically mature. Besides, instead of allowing our kids to beat themselves up when things don’t go their way, we might all question a culture where one is considered lazy without full devotion. The point is to remind them that life has a way of sucker-punching (出其不意) us when we least expect it. It’s often the people who learn to say “stuff happens” who get up the fastest.
8. What does the underlined phrase “by virtue of” in paragraph 2 mean
A. in addition to B. in spite of C. by means of D. for fear of
9. The author believes that young adults find it hard to struggle with failure because __________.
A. they are not taught how to deal with difficulties
B. they are short of the ability to handle failure
C. they are under the protection of their parents
D. they are misled by their parents’ false message
10. What did psychologists Luthar and Kumar urge parents and teachers to do
A. To teach students how to avoid faults.
B. To lead students to set their truly loved goals.
C. To help students to discover a path to success.
D. To allow kids to blame themselves.
11. What can be inferred from the passage
A. Students don’t care about failure at all.
B. Students are sure to succeed if they try their best.
C. Students should bear all the failures on their own.
D. Students with positive attitudes can move on more easily.
【答案】CDBD
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章阐述了很多学生因为一些失败而自我批评，但现在年轻人很难与失败作斗争是因为其父母对他们的过度保护。心理学家认为老师和家长应该帮助他们找到自身的目标，对世界造成影响，这样可以提高他们生活的满意度并使得他们心理上变得更成熟。
【8题详解】词义猜测题。第二段第2句提到“In her mind, “Nothing can stop me but myself”.”这名学生认为没有什么能够阻止自己除了她自己之外。换句话说，这名学生觉得自己可以通过自己的努力掌握自己的结果。由此推知，划线词组by virtue of 意为“通过”。A. in addition to除……之外；B. in spite of尽管，不顾；C. by means of通过；D. for fear of以免，以防。故选C。
【9题详解】细节理解题。第三段第1、2句提到“We often owe young adults struggling with failure to their parents’ overprotection of them from discomfort. But there is another factor at play: a message transmitted by indulging (纵容的) parents who have falsely promised them that they can achieve anything if they are willing to work for it.”通常情况下我们把年轻人和失败作斗争归因为父母对他们的过度保护，更主要的原因是因为父母的纵容让年轻人以为只要愿意为之奋斗就能取得成就。由此可知，现在的年轻人很难与失败作斗争，因为他们被父母的错误信息误导了。故选D。
【10题详解】细节理解题。第四段第一句提到“Psychologists Luthar and Kumar urge parents and teachers to spend time helping students find purpose, or goals they genuinely love to pursue and that make an impact on the world, which may help them gain greater life satisfaction and become more psychologically mature.”心理学家提出家长和老师可以帮助学生找到自己的目的，或者他们想要追求的目标，这样可以帮助他们提高生活的满意度，使得他们心理上变得更加成熟。由此可知，心理学家建议要指引学生设置他们真正热爱的目标。故选B。
【11题详解】推理判断题。第一段第二句提到“After committing a few unforced errors during a weekend match, she suffered severely by self-criticism.”当她在周末的比赛中犯了错误后，她进行了严格的自我批评，故A项错误。第三段第二句提到“But there is another factor at play: a message transmitted by indulging (纵容的) parents who have falsely promised them that they can achieve anything if they are willing to work for it.”纵容的父母给孩子错误的信息是只要努力就能成功，而事实并不如此，故B项错误。最后一段心理学家提到老师和家长要帮助学生们找到自己的目标，说明学生不能只靠自己的努力承受所有的失败，故C项错误。最后一段最后一句提到“It’s often the people who learn to say “stuff happens” who get up the fastest.”那些说着“事情就是这样”的人能够更快的站起来，说明心态更好的人能恢复的更快，D项符合文意，故选D。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Fed up with constantly having to recharge or replace batteries in your ever-expanding electronic devices The solution may be just a few steps away.
“Energy harvesting” promises to power countless consumer devices, often with nothing more than your body's movement or heat.____1____.But many experts believe the market for the technology could explode due to electronic devices being developed for the Internet of Things.
Among the most basic forms of the technology is body power,____2___Automatic watches have employed the concept for decades, for example, by winding themselves when their user moves their arm. Now the concept is being considered for a number of other devices.
In an contest seeking visionary ideas for wearable technologies, Intel awarded$5,000 for a concept to change the temperature difference between a person's body and a special piece of clothing they'd wear into electricity for mobile devices.
___3___. Stanford University engineers are testing smart microchips that create electricity from ultrasound to power implantable devices that can analyze a person's nervous system or treat their diseases.
A textile research association in Spain is proposing to obtain electricity from radio waves that flow around everyone to power sensors sewn into clothes, which can monitor a person's heartbeat or other vital signs.
Obtaining stable energy from devices can be complex, however. For one thing, the motlon that generates the electricity has to be constant to be useful. Moreover, the amount of power the devices produce depends on the person using them, according to a Columbia University study, It determined that taller people on average provide about 20percent more power than shorter ones when walking, running or cycling.
___4___. While such devices are expected to cost less than battery-powered alternatives when compared over many years ,experts say, people may continue buying ones with batteries merely because those would be cheaper in the short term.
A. Dozens of companies around the world already offer such products
B. Using sound to power devices is another energy-harvesting variation
C. It's also unclear how eagerly consumers might welcome energy-harvesting products,
D. With the Internet of things expected to combine billions of devices, we'll have to use energy harvesting.
E. When certain materials are squeezed or stretched, the movement of their atoms creates an electrical charge.
F. Research fim IDTechEx has estimated that annual global sales of energy-harvesting products could hit $.2.6 billion by 2024.
【答案】AEBC
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如今“能量收集”承诺为无数的消费设备提供能量，通常只需要你身体的运动或热量。介绍了能够进行能量收集的几种技术，以及随着科技产品的普及，这种新能源科技的市场将会急剧增加。
【1题详解】
结合后文But many experts believe the market for the technology could explode due to electronic devices being developed for the Internet of Things.可知但许多专家认为，由于为物联网开发电子设备，这项技术的市场可能会出现爆炸式增长。由此可知，市场爆满，说明全球已经有公司在提供此类产品了。故A选项“全球已有数十家公司提供此类产品”符合上下文语境，故选A。
【2题详解】
根据上文Among the most basic forms of the technology is body power.可知该技术最基本的形式之一是身体动力。以及后文Automatic watches have employed the concept for decades, for example, by winding themselves when their user moves their arm.可知自动手表已经使用了几十年的概念，例如，当用户移动指针时自动上弦。由此可知，本句是在承接上文解释自动手表这种身体动力的原理。故E选项“当某些材料被挤压或拉伸时，原子的运动会产生电荷”符合上下文语境，故选E。
【3题详解】
根据后文Stanford University engineers are testing smart microchips that create electricity from ultrasound to power implantable devices that can analyze a person's nervous system or treat their diseases.可知斯坦福大学的工程师们正在测试利用超声波发电的智能微芯片，为可植入设备提供动力，这些设备可以分析人体的神经系统或治疗他们的疾病。由此可知，本段是在说明另一种利用声音为设备提供动力的能量收集方法。复现词sound和段落后ultrasound，属于相同范畴的词。故B选项“利用声音为设备提供动力是另一种能量收集方法”符合上下文语境，故选B。
【4题详解】
结合后文While such devices are expected to cost less than battery-powered alternatives when compared over many years ,experts say, people may continue buying ones with batteries merely because those would be cheaper in the short term.可知专家们说，尽管这类设备的价格预计在多年后会低于电池驱动的替代品，但人们可能会继续购买电池驱动的设备，仅仅因为短期内价格会更便宜。由此可知，本段是在推测消费者对能源收集产品的欢迎程度。故C选项“目前还不清楚消费者对能源收集产品的欢迎程度”符合上下文语境，故选C。
第II卷
Translation
1. 与外国人用英语交谈， 你会觉得很有趣。fun
2. 尽管她个子矮小，却是个出色的篮球运动员。(despite)
3. 他迷恋于自己的兴趣爱好，周围的人对此评价不一。(crazy)
4. 医生们竭尽全力挽救他的生命，但未能阻挡住凶残的病魔。(attempt)
【答案】
1. You can have a lot of fun chatting in English with foreigners.
2. Despite the fact that she is short, she is an excellent basketball player.
3. He’s crazy about his hobby, which led to totally different comments from people around him.
/ He was so crazy about his hobby that people around him made different comments on it.
4. The doctors had made a desperate attempt to save his life, but failed to cure his serious/ incurable/ fatal disease.
VI、Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假定你是李华，你校打算组织一场英文演讲比赛，请你根据下列提示写一篇主题为“Environmental Protection”的演讲稿。内容包括：1.保护环境的重要性；2.如何从我做起去保护环境；3.呼吁大家行动起来。
注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Good morning, everyone,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thanks for your listening.
Good morning, everyone,
It is a great honor for me to stand here the make a speech. Today, my topic today is
“Environmental Protection”. As we all know, with the development of economy, the global environment is getting worse and worse. If nothing is done, all the living creatures on the earth will be in danger.
So it is everyone’s duty to protect the environment. As students, we can do our part in environmental protection by leading a low-carbon life. Firstly, we should save water and electricity because they are limited. When going out, we can take buses or ride bikes instead of taking taxis or driving, which can reduce waste gases and is good to the environment. Besides, we are supposed to cut down the use of natural resources. For example, we can use more recycled products.
I believe that with everyone’s effort, a great difference will be made to make our environment better. So, please take action right now! Only by protecting nature can humans lead a better life.
That’s all. Thanks for your listening.
单元素养评估测试卷
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Some people believe that a Robin Hood (罗宾汉) is at work while others say that a wealthy person simply wants to distribute his or her fortune before dying. But the donor ___21___ started sending envelopes with cash to deserving causes, accompanied by an article from the local paper, has made a northern German city believe in fairy tales (童话).
The first envelope was sent to a victim support group. It contained ? 10, 000 with a cutting from the Braunschweig Zeitung about how the group supported a woman who ___22___ (rob) of her handbag; similar plain white anonymous (匿名) envelopes, each containing ? 10, 000, then ___23___ (arrive) at a kindergarten and a church.
The envelopes keep coming, and so far at least ? 190, 000 ___24___ (distribute). Last month, one of them was sent to the newspaper’s own office. It came after a story it published about Tom, a 14-year-old boy who was severely disabled in a swimming accident. The receptionist at the Braunschweig Zeitung opened an anonymous white envelope to find 20 notes of ? 500, inside ___25___ there was a copy of the article. The name of the family was underlined.
“I ___26___ (drive) when I heard the news,” Claudia Neumann, the boy’s mother, told DerSpiegel magazine. “I had to park on the side of the road; I was speechless.”
The money will be used to make the entrance to their house wheelchair-accessible and for a course of treatment their insurance company refused to pay for.
“For someone to act so selflessly, for this to happen in such a society ___27___ everyone thinks of himself, was astonishing,” Mrs. Neumann said. Her family wonder whether the donor is a Robin Hood character, taking from banks to give to the needy.
Henning Noske, the editor of the Braunschweig Zeitung, said: “Maybe it is an old person who is about to die. We just do not know.” However, he has told his reporters not to look for the city’s hero for fear that discovery may stop the donations.
【答案】21. that/who 22. was robbed 23. arrived 24. has been distributed 25. which 26. was driving 27. where
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了在德国北部的一座城市里，有一个现实生活中的“罗宾汉”，以匿名的方式提供金钱援助那些真正需要帮助的人。
【21题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：但是，捐赠者开始给值得关注的事业发送装有现金的信封，并附有当地报纸发表的一篇文章，这一切使德国北部的一座城市相信童话故事。根据句意和句子结构可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为donor，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或who引导从句。故填that/who。
【22题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：第一个信封是寄给受害者支援小组的。其中有1万欧元，和一个来自Braunschweig Zeitung的剪报，内容是关于该组织是如何帮助一名被抢手提包的妇女的报道。根据句意可知，句子讲述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，rob意为“抢劫”，动词词性，woman与rob之间为被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，且谓语动词用单数。故填was robbed。
【23题详解】
考查时态。句意：同样的匿名白信封，装着10,000欧元，之后抵达在一所幼儿园和一家教堂。句中arrive意为“到达”，动词词性，根据句意可知，信封到达幼儿园的动作是在过去发生的，故应用一般过去时，故填arrived。
【24题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：信封不断送来，到目前为止，已经分发了至少19万欧元。根据句意和句中so far（到目前为止）可知，distribute（分发）的动作从过去开始，持续到现在，故句子应用现在完成时。句中? 190, 000与distribute之间为被动关系，即钱被分发，故应用现在完成时的被动语态，? 190, 000代表钱的整体数目，谓语动词用单数，故填has been distributed。
【25题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：Braunschweig Zeitung的接待员打开一个匿名的白色信封，里面有20张500欧元的钞票，还有一份这篇文章的副本。根据句意和句子结构可知，本句为非限制性定语从句，关系词指代先行词envelope（指物）并在从句中作介词inside的宾语，故填which。
【26题详解】
考查时态。句意：男孩的母亲Claudia Neumann告诉DerSpiegel杂志：“当我听到这个消息时，我正在开车。”根据文章内容可知，Claudia Neumann正在回忆过去发生的事，再根据句中“when I heard the news”可知，句子讲述的是过去某一时间点正在发生的事，故应用过去进行时，故填was driving。
【27题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：Mrs. Neumann说：“在这样一个人人都想着自己的社会里发生这种事，一个人的行为能如此的无私，真是令人吃惊。” 根据句意和句子结构可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为society，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. access B. appeal C. attraction D. based AB. biography AC. drawn AD. limitations BC. mainstream BD. raised CD. ruins ABC. scholarly
The term ‘dark tourism’ is far newer than the practice, which long predates Pompeii’s emergence as a dark attraction. Dr. Philip Stone, perhaps the world’s leading academic expert on dark tourism, considers the Roman Coliseum to be one of the first dark tourist sites, where people travelled long distances to watch death as sport. Later, until the late 18th century, the _____31_____ was crueler still in central London, where people paid money to sit in grandstands to watch mass hangings. Dealers would sell pies at the site, which was roughly where Marble Arch stands today.
It was only in 1996 that ‘dark tourism’ entered the _____32_____ vocabulary when two academics in Glasgow applied it while looking at sites associated with the murder of John F. Kennedy. Those who study dark tourism identify plenty of reasons for the growing phenomenon, including _____33_____ awareness of it as an identifiable thing. _____34_____ to sites has also improved with the arrival of cheap air travel. It’s hard to imagine that the Auschwitz-Birkenau memorial and museum would now welcome more than two million visitors a year were it not for its nearness to Krakow’s international airport. Peter Hohenhaus, a widely travelled dark tourist _____35_____ in Vienna, also points to the broader rise in off-the-beaten-track tourism, beyond the territory of popular guidebooks and TripAdvisor rankings. “A lot of people don’t want _____36_____ tourism and that often means engaging with places that have a more recent history than, say, a Roman ruin,” he says. “You go to Sarajevo (萨拉热窝) and most people remember the war being in the news so it feels closer to one’s own _____37_____.”
Hohenhaus is also a fan of ‘beauty in decay’, the contemporary cultural movement in which urban _____38_____ have become subject matter for expensive coffee-table books and a thousand Instagram accounts. The crossover (糅合) with death is clear. “I’ve always been _____39_____ to ruined things,” the 54-year-old says. But while, like any tourism, dark tourism at its best is educational, the example of Grenfell Tower (a London tower block, destroyed by a fire in 2017 with 71 deaths) hints at the unease felt at some sites. “I remember the Lonely Planet Bluelist book had a chapter about dark tourism a while ago and one of the rules was ‘don’t go back too early’,” Hohenhaus says. “I’ll be interested to see Grenfell Tower up close. I can see the ______40______. But I would not stand in the street taking a selfie merrily.”
【答案】31. B 32. ABC 33. BD 34. A 35. D 36. BC 37. AB 38. CD 39. AC 40. C
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主语介绍了“黑暗旅游”是到涉及到历史上与死亡和悲剧有关的地方参观的旅游及其流行的原因。
【31题详解】
考查名词。句意：后来，直到18世纪晚期，在伦敦市中心，人们花钱坐在看台上观看集体绞刑，这种吸引力更加残酷。根据空前定冠词“the”可知，所填应是名词，结合后文“where people paid money to sit in grandstands to watch mass hangings”可知，人们会花钱坐在看台上观看大规模的绞刑，说明这是具有“吸引力”的。选项B“appeal”作名词，意为“吸引力；魅力”，符合语境分析。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词。句意：直到1996年，“黑暗旅游”才进入学术词汇，当时格拉斯哥的两位学者在研究与约翰·F·肯尼迪谋杀案有关的地点时将其应用。所填空应是形容词作定语修饰之后名词“vocabulary”，结合后文“when two academics in Glasgow applied it while looking at sites associated with the murder of John F. Kennedy(格拉斯哥的两位学者在研究与约翰·F·肯尼迪谋杀案有关的网站时应用了它。)”可知，应是“学术词汇”。选项ABC“scholarly”为形容词，意为“学术的；学术性的”，符合语境分析。故选ABC项。
【33题详解】
考查动词。句意：研究“黑暗旅游”的人认为，这种日益增长的现象有很多原因，包括人们越来越意识到它是一种可识别的事物。所填空应是动词，结合后文宾语“awareness”可知，应是固定短语“raise awareness of…”，意为“提高……意识；唤醒……的意识”。故选BD项。
【34题详解】
考查名词。句意：随着廉价航空的到来，进入到这些（事件发生的）场所的情况也有所增加。所填空为句子主语，应是名词，结合空后“to sites”可知，所选词应与“to”连用，构成固定短语。选项A“access”为名词，意为“进入手段；进入权”，可构成固定短语“access to…”，意为“进入……”，符合语境搭配。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：彼得 霍亨豪斯是一位住在维也纳的“黑暗之旅”的常客，他也指出，非主流旅游正在广泛兴起，超出了流行旅游指南和TripAdvisor排名的范围。所填空为非谓语动词，做之前名词“dark tourist”的后置定语，且与空后的介词“in”构成固定短语，选项D“based”，可构成固定短语“（be）based in+地点名词”，“be based in = be located in”，意为“位于……”，符合语境和语义搭配。故选D项。
【36题详解】
考查名词作定语。句意：他说：“很多人不想要主流旅游，这往往意味着要去那些历史比罗马废墟更近的地方。”根据空后“tourism”为名词可知，所填空应是其定语，结合后文“that often means engaging with places that have a more recent history than, say, a Roman ruin”可知，游客想要去一些历史更近的地方，而不是像罗马废墟这样比较主流的游览地，选项BC“mainstream”意为“主流”，可作定语，符合语境搭配。故选BC项。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：你去萨拉热窝，大多数人都记得新闻里的战争，所以感觉更像是自己的经历。根据空前“one’s own”可知，所填空应是名词，结合前文“You go to Sarajevo and most people remember the war being in the news(你去萨拉热窝，大多数人都记得新闻里的战争)”可知，本句应是指萨拉热窝事件代表的第一次世界大战，以此到该地游览应是能够感受到当时的“事件”，就像自己经历过一样。选项AB“biography”为名词，意为“传记”，用在句中可表达“你去萨拉热窝，大多数人都记得新闻里的战争，所以感觉更像是自己的经历”，符合语境。故选AB项。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：Hohenhaus也是“衰变中的美”的粉丝，这是一场当代文化运动，在这场运动中，城市废墟已经成为昂贵的咖啡桌上书籍和成千上万个Instagram账户的主题。根据空前“urban”可知，所填空应是名词，结合后文“I’ve always been _____9_____ to ruined things”可知，所填名词应与“ruins”相呼应。选项CD“ruins”作名词，意为“残垣断壁；废墟”，符合分析。故选CD项。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我总是被破坏的东西所吸引。分析可知，所填词应是形容词，与空前“be”动词，空后“to”构成固定结构，且与前文“a fan of …”中“fan”相呼应。选项AC“drawn”，可构成“be drawn to…”，固定短语，意为“被……所吸引”，符合语境搭配。故选AC项。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：我很想近距离看看格伦费尔大厦。我能看到它的吸引力。根据空前“see”可知，所填空应是名词，结合前文“I’ll be interested to see Grenfell Tower up close(我很想近距离看看格伦费尔大厦)”可知，所选名词应表达与旅游有关的含义。选项C“attraction”，为名词，意为“吸引力；游览胜地”，符合语境分析。故选C项。
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B. C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
More than five million American children and teens have been diagnosed with attention Deficit /hyperactivity Disorder, a condition that makes it difficult-if not (51) to focus and complete the tasks. When Katherine Ellision found herself shouting at her son(52) to shut up, she didn’t know that he had ADHD, nor that she bad it too. Together they(53) a year- long search to understand the disorder, investigating and trying different (54) . Ellison recorded their Experiences in a new book, Buzz: a year of paying attention.
Buzz Ellision had many problems I elementary school. He couldn’t sit and(55) , and was constantly jumping up and down in class, not focusing on the task（56） , not paying attention to his teachers（57） , his mother Katherine Ellision says, he was always in trouble.
Katherine Ellison, a Pulitzer Prize-winning investigative journalist says she didn’t understand why her son behaved like that, and admits, her behavior was also(58) the situation.
“I was making things worse often by being anxious or being (59) or not understanding him. I realized at some point that I really hadn't hugged him in a while. I wasn’t smiling when he came into the room because we were having such a hard time, (60) Ellison.
“It was a great relief to actually get a diagnosis, because I had spent a lifetime really wondering what was（61） and why I seem to be different from so many other people I knew. "Ellison and Buzz decided to work together to deal with their disorder and write a book about their experience.
“ My son and I started out by writing a contract together, which was terrific because it changed the(62) from being a shameful problem that we had to a joint business project, " explained Ellison. "I also knew that he would(63) with me. He wanted a percentage of the
(64) from the book. I was willing to do that because all of a sudden, we’re(65) rather than enemies．”
51、A． impossible B, acceptable C likely D. intriguing
52. A, normally B. extremely C. constantly D. coherently
53. A. looked after B. brought up C heard about D. set about
54. A. cases B. treatment C. healing D. revival
55. A peaceful B, quiet C. patient D still
56. A, at most B. at hand C. in emergency D, in particular
57.A As a result B. For instance C. To begin with D. Nevertheless
58. A contributing to B. composed of C. resulting from D. giving rise to
59. A impolite B. earnest C. reluctant D. impatient
60. A repeated B. released C. reiterated- D. Recalled
61. A. getting up B. going on C. picking up D. moving on
62. A. location B. standard C. point D motivation-
63.A. bargain B. cooperate C. reason D. deal
64. A interest B. award C. profits D. achievements
65.A. partners B competitors C-opponents D acquaintances
51-55. ACDBD 56-60. BAADD 61-65. BCBCA
51.【参考答案】A
【思路解析】not impossible 双重否定表肯定，意为注意力缺失症很难集中和完成一项任务，可能性很小。
52.【参考答案】C
【思路解析】Katherine Elision 也有注意力缺失症，她会不断地冲着他儿子喊，让她儿子闭嘴。所以选constantly.
53.【参考答案】D
【思路解析】set about 意为着手去做，开始做，此处表明了Katherine Elision意识到她跟儿子都有注意力缺失症，所以他们开始了维持一年的研究来明白这种disorder. set about 后面加不定式，B项是提出、养育的意思，不符合句意。所以选D.
54.【参考答案】B
【思路解析】treatment意为治疗，承接上文Katherine Elision和儿子尝试了不同的治疗方法。所以选B。
55.【参考答案】D
【思路解析】still在这句话中是副词，修饰sit, 意为“静静地”。ABC选型都是形容词，不符合句意，所以选D。
56.【参考答案】B
【思路解析】Katherine Elision的儿子总是蹦上蹦下，无法集中与手上的任务，at hand意为“在手中的”，所以选B。
57.【参考答案】A
【思路解析】前两句说的是Katherine Elision的儿子在学校的表现，最后这一句表达的是“结果，Katherine Elision觉得儿子总是制造麻烦。所以选A项。
58.【参考答案】A
【思路解析】Katherine Elision不明白为什么儿子在学校时那样的表现，然后承认自己的行为举止对此也有责任。Contributing to对…….有贡献。
59.【参考答案】D
【思路解析】这一段主要是Katherine Elision的具体陈述，表述自己的状态，所以由句意可知，她自己也是没有耐心地状态。所以选D。
60.【参考答案】D
【思路解析】这一段是Katherine Elision对以往的回顾，所以填recalled.
61.【参考答案】B
【思路解析】what was going on相当于what happened 意为”发生了什么”，所以选B.
62.【参考答案】C
【思路解析】Katherine Elision和儿子决定一起改变，所以是change the point。ABD带进去均不符合句意。
63.【参考答案】B
【思路解析】Katherine Elision与儿子相互合作，所以选B:cooperate.
64.【参考答案】C
【思路解析】儿子想从书本里得到一定比例的红利，所以先C。
65.【参考答案】A
【思路解析】Katherine Elision愿意配合儿子，因为很多时候，他意识到，他们是同伴而不是对手。所以选A。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
A
I'd spent decades telling my girls that their bodies were a means to a long and satisfactory life, not objects to be admired because of how they look. I told them that good health and the energy to enjoy life should be their ultimate(最终的) goals, not fitting into society's preconceived ideas of what is beautiful.
This year I'm sixty years old. I appear much older than before. This aging body of mine is not the one I expected to have. Looking at the old, fat, wrinkled woman in the mirror, I begin to complain about it. I've actually spent a lifetime focusing on my flaws, constantly complaining about my less-than-perfect self. As I was complaining yet again, my younger daughter told me, “Mom, stop. Stop putting yourself down. This is the body you live in now. It's beautiful because it's yours. ” If I'm unwilling to accept my aging self with grace and dignity, how can I possibly expect my girls to do the same when they face these same physical changes
And then, I learned that a friend of mine, the same age as me, died. At her funeral, her three heartbroken daughters spoke of their mother's devotion, wisdom, and compassion(同情心). They never said a single word about her appearance though her body had melted away during her last months. It didn't matter. I left that funeral desperate to hold my own girls in my arms, to kiss them and tell them how much they mean to me , and to promise that I will do better , be better—for them as well as for myself.
And so, to honour the memory of my dear friend and to set a good example to my beloved girls, I promise to love my aging body, and celebrate the gift of being alive.
1. What can we learn about the author from the first two paragraphs
A. She forgot to listen to her own advice.
B. She was more of a talker than a doer.
C. She was unaware of her words’ effects.
D. She was unwilling to accept others’ advice.
2. What does the underlined word “flaws” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Advantages. B. Imperfections. C. Appearances. D. Treasures.
3. What did the death of the author's friend make her aware of
A. Action speaks louder than words.
B. Lies can never change facts.
C. Beauty comes from the depths of the soul.
D. Whatever is worth doing is worth doing well.
4. What can be the best title for the text
A. Running through Life B. Rebuilding Your Life
C. Remembering to Respect Others D. Finding Beauty in Ourselves
【答案】ABCD
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，作者60岁了，日渐衰老，最近发生的两件事情让她意识到要接受自己的不完美,认真享受生活。
1. 【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。文章第一段介绍了作者对孩子们的忠告，第二段介绍了面对日渐衰老的自己作者难以释怀，忘记了自己对孩子们的忠告。
2. 【答案】B
【解析】词义猜测题。根据后文constantly complaining about my less-than-perfect self 可知，作者抱怨自己走形的身材，因此画线词意为“不完美”。
3. 【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段内容可以看出，朋友的孩子并不在意已故母亲去世前走形的身材，更加关注母亲的奉献，智慧和同情心，即真正的美丽来源于内在，而不是外表。
4. 【答案】 D
【解析】标题归纳题。本文作者通过两件事情，主要介绍了美的真正含义，即在不完美中找到真正的美。
B
Anti-Sleep Alarm
Price: US $5
EXTRA 5% OFF WHEN YOU BUY 2 OR MORE
Anti-Sleep Alarm is a new lifesaving anti-tiredness alarm. You just wear it behind the right ear. It works on the theory of electronic balance.
Working Theory
It is worn over the ear and has an electronic position sensor. When your head nods forward, it sounds a loud alarm to immediately wake you and warn your passengers.
Features
The Anti-Sleep Alarm features a driver safety alarm to help prevent accidents caused by falling asleep at the wheel. It is especially suitable for long-distance driving and night driving. The Anti-Sleep Alarm is also perfect for anyone who needs to stay awake on duty—guards, machine operators, and even students. It’s easy to use and can be comfortably worn for a long time.
● Alarm mode: sound di, di..
● Dimensions:80×22×15mm
● Battery: button cell battery (included)
● Life time: 30,000 nods
Payment
We accept PayPal only, with all major credit cards accepted through PayPal. Payment must be received within 7 business days after ordering.
Shipping
We ship to your eBay or PayPal address. Please make sure your eBay and PayPal address is correct before you pay. Goods will be shipped within 1-3 business days when we receive payment. Delivery（递送）time depends on destination. International buyers please note: Import duties（进口税）and taxes are not included in the price or shipping costs. Please check with your country’s customs office to determine what these extra costs will be before buying.
5. How much should be paid for 2 Anti-Sleep Alarms
A. US $10. B. US $9.5. C. US $10.5. D. US $9.
6. What is a feature of the Anti-Sleep Alarm
A. It is comfortable to wear. B. It is big and easy to use.
C. It can work for 30,000 minutes. D. It can be powered by any kind of battery.
7. What can we learn about shipping
A. The company will pay the extra costs.
B. Import duties and taxes are included in the price.
C. You will receive the goods within 1-3 business days.
D. The goods will be shipped to your eBay or PayPal address.
【答案】BAD
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一种反睡眠报警装置，它的功能相当于司机安全警报器，以防司机开车时意外睡着，特别适用于长途和夜间开车，也适用于值夜班的工作人员甚至学生。文章还介绍了订购方式。
【5题详解】细节理解题。由文章开头的“Price: US $5 EXTRA 5% OFF WHEN YOU BUY 2 OR MORE”可知，每个售价是5美元，如果买两个有5%的折扣，即5*2*95%=9.5。故选B。
【6题详解】细节理解题。由Features部分的“It’s easy to use and can be comfortably worn for a long time.”可知，反睡眠报警装置佩戴起来舒适。故选A。
【7题详解】细节理解题。由Shipping部分的“We ship to your eBay or PayPal address. ”可知，货物将寄往eBay或者PayPal的地址。故选D。
C
A star athlete at the college where I work recently stopped by my office. After committing a few unforced errors during a weekend match, she suffered severely by self-criticism.
This student, like many I teach, strongly believes she should be able to control the outcomes of her life by virtue of her hard work. In her mind, “Nothing can stop me but myself”. So when these students fall short of what they imagine they should accomplish, they are filled with self-blame, reasoning, “If my accomplishments are mine to control, my failures must be entirely my faults, too”, which makes it extremely difficult for them to move on.
We often owe young adults struggling with failure to their parents’ overprotection of them from discomfort. But there is another factor at play: a message transmitted by indulging (纵容的) parents who have falsely promised them that they can achieve anything if they are willing to work for it. However, the cruel reality of life is that you can do everything in your power — and still fail. Then what should be done to help
Psychologists Luthar and Kumar urge parents and teachers to spend time helping students find purpose, or goals they genuinely love to pursue and that make an impact on the world, which may help them gain greater life satisfaction and become more psychologically mature. Besides, instead of allowing our kids to beat themselves up when things don’t go their way, we might all question a culture where one is considered lazy without full devotion. The point is to remind them that life has a way of sucker-punching (出其不意) us when we least expect it. It’s often the people who learn to say “stuff happens” who get up the fastest.
8. What does the underlined phrase “by virtue of” in paragraph 2 mean
A. in addition to B. in spite of C. by means of D. for fear of
9. The author believes that young adults find it hard to struggle with failure because __________.
A. they are not taught how to deal with difficulties
B. they are short of the ability to handle failure
C. they are under the protection of their parents
D. they are misled by their parents’ false message
10. What did psychologists Luthar and Kumar urge parents and teachers to do
A. To teach students how to avoid faults.
B. To lead students to set their truly loved goals.
C. To help students to discover a path to success.
D. To allow kids to blame themselves.
11. What can be inferred from the passage
A. Students don’t care about failure at all.
B. Students are sure to succeed if they try their best.
C. Students should bear all the failures on their own.
D. Students with positive attitudes can move on more easily.
【答案】CDBD
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章阐述了很多学生因为一些失败而自我批评，但现在年轻人很难与失败作斗争是因为其父母对他们的过度保护。心理学家认为老师和家长应该帮助他们找到自身的目标，对世界造成影响，这样可以提高他们生活的满意度并使得他们心理上变得更成熟。
【8题详解】词义猜测题。第二段第2句提到“In her mind, “Nothing can stop me but myself”.”这名学生认为没有什么能够阻止自己除了她自己之外。换句话说，这名学生觉得自己可以通过自己的努力掌握自己的结果。由此推知，划线词组by virtue of 意为“通过”。A. in addition to除……之外；B. in spite of尽管，不顾；C. by means of通过；D. for fear of以免，以防。故选C。
【9题详解】细节理解题。第三段第1、2句提到“We often owe young adults struggling with failure to their parents’ overprotection of them from discomfort. But there is another factor at play: a message transmitted by indulging (纵容的) parents who have falsely promised them that they can achieve anything if they are willing to work for it.”通常情况下我们把年轻人和失败作斗争归因为父母对他们的过度保护，更主要的原因是因为父母的纵容让年轻人以为只要愿意为之奋斗就能取得成就。由此可知，现在的年轻人很难与失败作斗争，因为他们被父母的错误信息误导了。故选D。
【10题详解】细节理解题。第四段第一句提到“Psychologists Luthar and Kumar urge parents and teachers to spend time helping students find purpose, or goals they genuinely love to pursue and that make an impact on the world, which may help them gain greater life satisfaction and become more psychologically mature.”心理学家提出家长和老师可以帮助学生找到自己的目的，或者他们想要追求的目标，这样可以帮助他们提高生活的满意度，使得他们心理上变得更加成熟。由此可知，心理学家建议要指引学生设置他们真正热爱的目标。故选B。
【11题详解】推理判断题。第一段第二句提到“After committing a few unforced errors during a weekend match, she suffered severely by self-criticism.”当她在周末的比赛中犯了错误后，她进行了严格的自我批评，故A项错误。第三段第二句提到“But there is another factor at play: a message transmitted by indulging (纵容的) parents who have falsely promised them that they can achieve anything if they are willing to work for it.”纵容的父母给孩子错误的信息是只要努力就能成功，而事实并不如此，故B项错误。最后一段心理学家提到老师和家长要帮助学生们找到自己的目标，说明学生不能只靠自己的努力承受所有的失败，故C项错误。最后一段最后一句提到“It’s often the people who learn to say “stuff happens” who get up the fastest.”那些说着“事情就是这样”的人能够更快的站起来，说明心态更好的人能恢复的更快，D项符合文意，故选D。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Fed up with constantly having to recharge or replace batteries in your ever-expanding electronic devices The solution may be just a few steps away.
“Energy harvesting” promises to power countless consumer devices, often with nothing more than your body's movement or heat.____1____.But many experts believe the market for the technology could explode due to electronic devices being developed for the Internet of Things.
Among the most basic forms of the technology is body power,____2___Automatic watches have employed the concept for decades, for example, by winding themselves when their user moves their arm. Now the concept is being considered for a number of other devices.
In an contest seeking visionary ideas for wearable technologies, Intel awarded$5,000 for a concept to change the temperature difference between a person's body and a special piece of clothing they'd wear into electricity for mobile devices.
___3___. Stanford University engineers are testing smart microchips that create electricity from ultrasound to power implantable devices that can analyze a person's nervous system or treat their diseases.
A textile research association in Spain is proposing to obtain electricity from radio waves that flow around everyone to power sensors sewn into clothes, which can monitor a person's heartbeat or other vital signs.
Obtaining stable energy from devices can be complex, however. For one thing, the motlon that generates the electricity has to be constant to be useful. Moreover, the amount of power the devices produce depends on the person using them, according to a Columbia University study, It determined that taller people on average provide about 20percent more power than shorter ones when walking, running or cycling.
___4___. While such devices are expected to cost less than battery-powered alternatives when compared over many years ,experts say, people may continue buying ones with batteries merely because those would be cheaper in the short term.
A. Dozens of companies around the world already offer such products
B. Using sound to power devices is another energy-harvesting variation
C. It's also unclear how eagerly consumers might welcome energy-harvesting products,
D. With the Internet of things expected to combine billions of devices, we'll have to use energy harvesting.
E. When certain materials are squeezed or stretched, the movement of their atoms creates an electrical charge.
F. Research fim IDTechEx has estimated that annual global sales of energy-harvesting products could hit $.2.6 billion by 2024.
【答案】AEBC
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如今“能量收集”承诺为无数的消费设备提供能量，通常只需要你身体的运动或热量。介绍了能够进行能量收集的几种技术，以及随着科技产品的普及，这种新能源科技的市场将会急剧增加。
【1题详解】
结合后文But many experts believe the market for the technology could explode due to electronic devices being developed for the Internet of Things.可知但许多专家认为，由于为物联网开发电子设备，这项技术的市场可能会出现爆炸式增长。由此可知，市场爆满，说明全球已经有公司在提供此类产品了。故A选项“全球已有数十家公司提供此类产品”符合上下文语境，故选A。
【2题详解】
根据上文Among the most basic forms of the technology is body power.可知该技术最基本的形式之一是身体动力。以及后文Automatic watches have employed the concept for decades, for example, by winding themselves when their user moves their arm.可知自动手表已经使用了几十年的概念，例如，当用户移动指针时自动上弦。由此可知，本句是在承接上文解释自动手表这种身体动力的原理。故E选项“当某些材料被挤压或拉伸时，原子的运动会产生电荷”符合上下文语境，故选E。
【3题详解】
根据后文Stanford University engineers are testing smart microchips that create electricity from ultrasound to power implantable devices that can analyze a person's nervous system or treat their diseases.可知斯坦福大学的工程师们正在测试利用超声波发电的智能微芯片，为可植入设备提供动力，这些设备可以分析人体的神经系统或治疗他们的疾病。由此可知，本段是在说明另一种利用声音为设备提供动力的能量收集方法。复现词sound和段落后ultrasound，属于相同范畴的词。故B选项“利用声音为设备提供动力是另一种能量收集方法”符合上下文语境，故选B。
【4题详解】
结合后文While such devices are expected to cost less than battery-powered alternatives when compared over many years ,experts say, people may continue buying ones with batteries merely because those would be cheaper in the short term.可知专家们说，尽管这类设备的价格预计在多年后会低于电池驱动的替代品，但人们可能会继续购买电池驱动的设备，仅仅因为短期内价格会更便宜。由此可知，本段是在推测消费者对能源收集产品的欢迎程度。故C选项“目前还不清楚消费者对能源收集产品的欢迎程度”符合上下文语境，故选C。
第II卷
Translation
1. 与外国人用英语交谈， 你会觉得很有趣。fun
2. 尽管她个子矮小，却是个出色的篮球运动员。(despite)
3. 他迷恋于自己的兴趣爱好，周围的人对此评价不一。(crazy)
4. 医生们竭尽全力挽救他的生命，但未能阻挡住凶残的病魔。(attempt)
【答案】
1. You can have a lot of fun chatting in English with foreigners.
2. Despite the fact that she is short, she is an excellent basketball player.
3. He’s crazy about his hobby, which led to totally different comments from people around him.
/ He was so crazy about his hobby that people around him made different comments on it.
4. The doctors had made a desperate attempt to save his life, but failed to cure his serious/ incurable/ fatal disease.
VI、Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假定你是李华，你校打算组织一场英文演讲比赛，请你根据下列提示写一篇主题为“Environmental Protection”的演讲稿。内容包括：1.保护环境的重要性；2.如何从我做起去保护环境；3.呼吁大家行动起来。
注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Good morning, everyone,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thanks for your listening.
Good morning, everyone,
It is a great honor for me to stand here the make a speech. Today, my topic today is
“Environmental Protection”. As we all know, with the development of economy, the global environment is getting worse and worse. If nothing is done, all the living creatures on the earth will be in danger.
So it is everyone’s duty to protect the environment. As students, we can do our part in environmental protection by leading a low-carbon life. Firstly, we should save water and electricity because they are limited. When going out, we can take buses or ride bikes instead of taking taxis or driving, which can reduce waste gases and is good to the environment. Besides, we are supposed to cut down the use of natural resources. For example, we can use more recycled products.
I believe that with everyone’s effort, a great difference will be made to make our environment better. So, please take action right now! Only by protecting nature can humans lead a better life.
That’s all. Thanks for your listening.