Unit 3 Progress单元素养评估测试卷（上教版必修二）
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Unit 3 Progress
单元素养评估测试卷
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
There seems never ____1____ (be) a civilization without toys, but when and how they developed is unknown. They probably came about just to give children something to do.
In the ancient world, as is today, most boys played with some kinds of toys and most girls with ____2____. In most of the communities ____3____ social roles are rigidly determined, boys pattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls ____4____ (prepare), even in play, to step into the roles and responsibilities of the adult world.
____5____ is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the centuries ____6____ how much they have remained the same. The changes have been mostly in terms of craftsmanship, mechanics, and technology. It is the universality of toys with regard to their development in all parts of the world and their persistence to the present ____7____ is amazing. In Egypt, America, China, Japan and among the Arctic people, generally the same kinds of toys appeared. Variations depended on local customs and ways of life ____8____ toys imitate their surroundings. Nearly every civilization had dolls, little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animals and vehicles
Because toys can be generally regarded as a kind of art form, they have not been likely to be influenced by technological leaps ____9____ characterize inventions for adult use. The progress from the wheel to the cart to the automobile is a direct line of ways up. The progress from a rattle (拨浪鼓)used by a baby in 3,000 BC to _____10_____ used by an infant today, however, is not characterized by inventiveness. Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the times and subject to the limitations of available materials.
【答案】1. to have been 2. others 3. where 4. are being prepared/are prepared
5. What 6. but 7. that 8. because 9. that/which 10. one
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了玩具的发展与变化。
【1题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：似乎从来就没有一个没有玩具的文明，但它们是何时以及如何发展起来的，我们不得而知。seem to do sth.似乎要做某事，这里用不定式的完成式表示该动作已经发生过了。故填to have been。
【2题详解】
考查代词。句意：在古代，和今天一样，大多数男孩玩某些种类的玩具，而大多数女孩则玩其他种类的玩具。这里代指前面的复数名词toys，表示“其他种类的玩具”。故填others。
【3题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在大多数社会角色被严格规定的社区中，男孩按照他们父亲的活动来安排他们的游戏，而女孩正在为进入成人世界的角色和责任做准备，甚至在游戏中也是如此。句中先行词为communities，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。与故填where。
【4题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：在大多数社会角色被严格规定的社区中，男孩按照他们父亲的活动来安排他们的游戏，而女孩正在为进入成人世界的角色和责任做准备，甚至在游戏中也是如此。根据句中时态可知，用一般现在时；或表示动作正在进行，所以用现在进行时。主语girls与prepare之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填are being prepared/are prepared。
【5题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：在玩具的历史上，值得注意的不是它们在过去的几个世纪中发生了怎样的变化，而是它们保持了多少不变。本句为主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，所以用what引导。故填What。
【6题详解】
考查连词。句意：在玩具的历史上，值得注意的不是它们在过去的几个世纪中发生了怎样的变化，而是它们保持了多少不变。前后句为转折关系，所以用转折词but。故填but。
【7题详解】
考查强调句。句意：令人惊奇的是，玩具在世界各地发展的普遍性，以及它们至今的持久性。本句为强调句，强调句结构为It is + 强调部分 + that从句。本句强调主语the universality of toys with regard to their development in all parts of the world and their persistence to the present 。故填that。
【8题详解】
考查连词。句意：由于玩具模仿周围环境，所以变化取决于当地的风俗和生活方式。根据句意可知，前后句为因果关系，后句介绍变化的原因。故填because。
【9题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：因为玩具通常被视为一种艺术形式，它们不太可能受到技术飞跃的影响，而技术飞跃是成人发明的特征。句中先行词为technological leaps，在定语从句中作宾语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填that/which。
【10题详解】
考查代词。句意：然而，从公元前3000年婴儿使用的拨浪鼓到今天婴儿使用的拨浪鼓，并没有什么发明的特征。代词one为泛指，指代前面提到的rattle。故填one。
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. balanced B. beneficial C. combined D. concerns E. contacted F. normal G. nutrients H. recommended I. shorter J. professional K. challenging
Try a raw food diet
When 17-year-old Ali told his friends, he was giving up eating cooked food, they were shocked. Ali, a keen Kung Fu fighter, who is hoping to turn ____11____, is convinced that following a raw food diet, based on vegetables and fruit, is the key that will lead to his sporting success.
Ali’s sports coach is enthusiastic about the raw food diet, which is often ____12____ to his students. “Raw food contains enzymes (酶). If enzymes are preserved, we improve strength and stamina (耐力). ” Ali is also happy with his new eating habits: “I find my recovery time after training is ____13____ now,” he insists.
What do the experts think Is a raw food diet really the way forward I ____14____ Professor Benos, an international expert on nutrition. “There is no scientific evidence that getting rid of cooked food from the diet is ____15____,” said the professor. Enzymes are produced by the body to help digestion, whether the food is cooked or raw. However, Professor Benos says that eating a raw food diet may have some positive effects: “A raw food diet is high in fresh food, which is richer in ____16____ than many different kinds of processed food. The diet also encourages more chewing and takes longer to digest. As a result we do not eat more than we need. ”
On the other hand, Professor Benos has serious ____17____ about only eating raw foods:“We may consume too much fruit. Fruit contains a lot of natural sugars which is not good for our teeth. Milk is eliminated so our intake of calcium (钙) is less, and we may fail to get enough iron and zinc (锌).”
When speaking of a ____18____ diet, Professor Benos believes a strictly raw food diet should be avoided but can be ____19____ with both raw and cooked food to get the best of both worlds. He says,“The strongest evidence is that the healthiest diet has a wide range of both cooked and raw food, from all the food groups. A raw food diet may do no real harm over the short term, but I believe you should return to _____20_____ eating after a few weeks.”
【答案】11. J 12. H 13. I 14. E 15. B 16. G 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. F
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了专家对生食饮食的研究。
【11题详解】
考查名词。句意：阿里是一名热衷于功夫的拳手，他希望成为职业拳手。他相信，以蔬菜和水果为食的生食是他在体育上取得成功的关键。turn后接表示职业的单数可数名词作表语。professional职业选手。故选J。
【12题详解】
考查语态。句意：阿里的体育教练对他的学生们经常推荐的生食饮食非常热衷。recommend推荐。raw food diet与recommend之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态，根据从句中is可知，用动词的过去分词形式recommended。故选H。
【13题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：阿里对自己的新饮食习惯也很满意：“我发现训练后的恢复时间缩短了，”他坚持说。shorter较短的。形容词比较级在句中作表语。故选I。
【14题详解】
考查动词。句意：我联系了Benos教授，一位国际营养学专家。contact联系。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少谓语动词。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故选E。
【15题详解】
考查形容词。句意：“没有科学证据表明从饮食中去除熟食是有益的，”这位教授说。beneficial 有益的。句中用形容词作表语。故选B。
【16题详解】
考查名词。句意：生食富含新鲜食物，比许多不同种类的加工食品营养更丰富。介词in后接名词形式。nutrient营养物，为可数名词，前无冠词，所以用复数形式。故选G。
【17题详解】
考查名词。句意：另一方面，Benos教授对只吃生的食物有严重的担忧：“我们可能吃了太多的水果。水果含有大量的天然糖，这对我们的牙齿不好。因为不喝牛奶，所以我们摄入的钙就少了，我们可能得不到足够的铁和锌。”形容词serious后接名词形式。concern担忧，为可数名词，前无冠词，所以用复数形式。故选D。
【18题详解】
考查形容词。句意：说到均衡饮食，Benos教授认为应该避免严格的生食饮食，但可以同时搭配生食和熟食，这样两全其美。修饰名词diet，前用形容词形式。balanced平衡的。故选A。
【19题详解】
考查语态。句意：说到均衡饮食，Benos教授认为应该避免严格的生食饮食，但可以同时搭配生食和熟食，这样两全其美。修饰名词diet，前用形容词形式。combine with与……结合，与从句中主语raw food diet之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态，所以用过去分词combined。故选C。
【20题详解】
考查形容词。句意：生食可能在短期内没有真正的危害，但我认为你应该在几周后恢复正常饮食。形式名词eating，前用形容词形式。normal正常的。故选F。
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B. C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
No woman can be too rich or too thin. This saying often attributed to the late Duchess of Windsor indicates much of the odd spirit of our times. Being thin is ____61____ such a virtue.
The problem with such a view is that some people actually attempt to live by it. I myself have dreams of slipping into narrow designer clothes. ____62____, I have been on a diet for the better – or worse – part of my life. Being rich wouldn’t be bad either, but that won’t happen unless an unknown relative dies suddenly in some distant land, ____63____ me millions of dollars.
Where did we go off the track When did eating butter become a sin, and a little bit of extra flesh unappealing All religions have certain days when people refrain (抑制) from eating and excessive eating is one of Christianity’s seven deadly sins. ____64_____, until quite recently, most people had a problem getting enough to eat. In some religious groups, wealth was a _____65____ of high morals, and fatness a sign of wealth and well-being.
Today the ____66____ is true. We have ____67_____ to thinness as our new mark of virtue. The result is that being fat — or even only somewhat overweight — is bad because it implies a ____68____ of moral strength.
Our obsession with thinness is also ____69____ by health concerns. It is true that in this country we have more ____70____ people than ever before, and that, in many cases, being overweight correlates (关联) with an increased risk of heart and blood vessel disease. These ____71____, however, may have as much to do with our way of life and our high-fat diets as with excess weight. And the associated risk of cancer in the digestive system may be more of a dietary problem — too much fat and a lack of fiber — than a weight problem.
The real ____72____, then, is not that we weigh too much, but that we neither exercise enough nor eat well. ____73____ is necessary for strong bones and both heart and lung health. A balanced diet without a lot of fat can also help the body avoid many diseases. We should surely stop paying so much attention to ____74____. Simply being thin is not enough. It is actually dangerous if those who get (or already are) thin think they are automatically healthy and thus ____75____ paying attention to their overall life-style. Thinness can be pure vain glory.
61. A. offered B. praised C. considered D. implied
62. A. Consequently B. Unfortunately C. Unlikely D. Frequently
63. A. earning B. leaving C. making D. keeping
64. A. Therefore B. Furthermore C. Otherwise D. However
65. A. symptom B. signal C. symbol D. sample
66. A. phenomenon B. opposite C. purpose D. priority
67. A. shifted B. enhanced C. oppressed D. liberated
68. A. sense B. style C. mass D. lack
69. A. overcome B. negotiated C. fueled D. launched
70. A. abnormal B. ordinary C. overweight D. underweight
71. A. disasters B. diseases C. extremes D. devices
72. A. resolution B. concern C. guidance D. approach
73. A. Diet B. Exercise C. Nutrition D. Energy
74. A. height B. length C. strength D. weight
75. A. free from B. worthy of C. accessible to D. contrary to
61-65: CABDC 66-70: BADCC 71-75: BBBDA
文章主要讨论了当下以瘦为美德的奇怪观念的产生背景及原因，并提醒人们不要只在乎使自己变瘦更要有健康的生活方式。
61. A. offered 提供B. praised 赞扬；歌颂 C. considered 认为；考虑； D. implied 暗示；意为；隐含； 该句句意为：瘦被认为是一种美德。故此处选C
62. A. Consequently 结果；所以；因此B. Unfortunately不幸地C. Unlikely 未必；不可能的；D. Frequently 频繁地；经常地；屡次；该句句意为：这种观点的问题在于，有些人实际上试图以此为生。我自己也梦想着穿上窄的名牌衣服。因此，在我的生活中，我一直在节食，不管是好是坏。故此处选A
63. A. earning 赚；挣；赢得；B. leaving 离开；留下C. making 使得；制造； D. keeping 保持；遵守；饲养；该句提示词为 “dies suddenly” 句意为：有钱也不是坏事，但这不会发生，除非一个不知名的亲戚在某个遥远的地方突然去世，留给我数百万美元。故此处选B
64. A. Therefore因此；所以 B. Furthermore 此外；而且 C. Otherwise 否则 D. However然而该句句意为：所有的宗教都有特定几天节食的日子，而且，过度饮食是基督教的七宗罪一。然而，直到最近，大多数人都有吃饱的问题。故此处应选D
65. A. symptom症状；征兆 B. signal 信号C. symbol 象征；符号；标志D. sample 样品；样本 该句句意为：在一些宗教团体中，财富是高尚道德的象征，而肥胖则是财富和幸福的象征。故此处选C
66. A. phenomenon 现象B. opposite正好相反的人或事物C. purpose目的D. priority 优先权；优先考虑的事；该句恰好承接上一句，意为：今天情况正好相反。我们已经把苗条作为美德的新标志。故此处应选B
67. A. shifted 改变；移动B. enhanced 提高；增加；加强C. oppressed 压迫；使烦恼D. liberated 解放；使获得自由；同66解析；
68. A. sense 感觉；意义；理智；B. style 文体；风格；式样；时尚；C. mass 大量；块；众多D. lack 缺乏 此处“have shifted to thinness as our new mark of virtue”和“being fat”相对比，此处意为：结果是肥胖——甚至只是有点超重——是不好的，因为这意味着缺乏道德力量。故此题选D
69. A. overcome 战胜；克服B. negotiated 谈判；协商C. fueled 给…提供燃料；增加；加强；刺激D. launched 开始从事；发起，发动；上市，发行；该句句意为：对健康的担忧也加强了我们对苗条的痴迷。后面又写了超重带来的危害，故此处选C
70. A. abnormal 反常的B. ordinary 平凡的；普通的C. overweight 超重的；过胖的 D. underweight 重量不足的； 此处和后面 “and….overweight correlates”是并列关系，故此处选C
71. A. disasters 灾难B. diseases 疾病 C. extremes极端D. devices 设备；设计；策略；此处these指代前面的heart and blood vessel disease，故选B
72. A. resolution 决心；解决B. concern 关心；忧虑，担心；C. guidance 指导；引导D. approach 途径；方法；该句是对上一段的结论，意为：因此，真正的担忧不是我们体重太重，而是我们既没有足够的锻炼，也没有吃得好。故选B
73. A. Diet 规定饮食B. Exercise 锻炼，运动；习题；C. Nutrition 营养D. Energy 精力；活力；能源；由下一句的can also得知，该处为对exercise好处的补充，故选B
74. A. height 高度 B. length 长度C. strength 力气；强度；力量；长处D. weight 重量；体重此处照应本段开头第一句，故选D
75. A. free from 使…摆脱B. worthy of 值得…的C. accessible to 易受…的影响；可为…所理解 D. contrary to 跟…相反；该句句意为：光是瘦是不够的。如果那些变瘦（或已经变瘦）的人认为自己天生健康，从而不必关注自己的整体生活方式，那实际上是危险的。故选A
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
A
To Be a Deaf DJ
I was born in England with perfect hearing. In 1990, when I was five, my family moved to the United States. I started getting ear infections every three months or so. We didn’t have health insurance at the time, and when I got a third infection, my parents couldn’t afford the treatment. I went deaf in my right ear and was left with 50 percent hearing in my left. Over time, my remaining hearing dropped to 20 percent, where it is today. My doctors predicted that I would be thoroughly deaf by now, so I think I’m doing pretty well.
There was always music on in my house in my childhood. I loved listening to Metallica, Led Zeppelin, Michael Jackson. My dad was a DJ, so he played disco, folk, rock, and music from other countries. For my 18th birthday, my dad asked me to deejay at the restaurant be owned. After doing that for a few weeks, I was hooded. I desired to learn more. I e-mailed DJ Shiftee, a distinguished New York City DJ, when I was 25: “I know you like a challenge. How about teaching a deaf person to deejay ” He wrote back the next day; “Challenge accepted.” He tutored me twice a week for two years, helping me develop correct technique. I practiced four hours a day.
Now when I’m performing, muscle memory takes over. When I started, I wouldn’t tell the club managers that I was deaf. I would just show up, introduce myself, and start playing music. At the end of the night, someone would say, “Oh, here’s the check.” And I’d say, “What Oh, I can’t hear.” They were always so astonished. Sometimes I would bring doctor’s notes because they wouldn’t believe me. It was reassurance that they were giving me opportunities to perform because I was brilliant, no out of sympathy. Eventually people started calling me “that deaf DJ,” and the name stuck.
What fascinates me about deejaying is the creativity. I use software that turns the music into lines of color on a computer screen. I’m visually hearing the music. The next time you go dancing, cover your ears, and you’ll start seeing that you’re able to hear the music in a different way. Music is not all about hearing. I pay all sorts of get-togethers now, from college parties to corporate events. I also go to elementary schools for the deaf and talk to the students about motivation and believing in themselves. I’m big on talking to the parents. I tell them, “My advice to you is let your kids chase their dreams. I’m a deaf DJ, so why not ”
1. Which of the following might result in the author’s hearing loss
A. Monthly ear infection. B. Moving to the U. S.
C. Family financial hardship D. The doctors’ prediction.
2. How did DJ Shiftee help the author during his youth
A. He taught him correct skills. B. He discovered his talent for DJ.
C. He played at the restaurant for him. D. He cultivated his taste for foreign music.
3. The underlined expression in Paragraph 3 “the name stuck” probably means that _________.
A. the author was in low spirits B. the author impressed people deeply
C the audience felt disappointed by the player D. the audience looked down upon the player
4. We can conclude from the passage that the author loves deejaying because _________.
A. working as a DJ involves innovation
B. music helps him to see the world virtually
C. he motivates the kids to realize their dream
D. he desires to challenge something impossible
【答案】CABA
【解析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者在长大的过程中因为家庭经济的原因没能对耳疾进行彻底的治疗，从而导致了听力的损伤，但坚强的意志力使作者成为了一名唱片节目主持人。作者建议孩子们的父母让孩子们追逐自己的梦想。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“when I got a third infection, my parents couldn’t afford the treatment. Over time, my remaining hearing dropped to 20 percent, where it is today.”可知，当作者第三次感染时，作者的父母负担不起治疗费用。随着时间的流逝，作者剩下的听力下降到今天的20％。即家庭经济困难导致了作者的听力受损。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He tutored me twice a week for two years, helping me develop correct technique.”可知，DJ Shiftee连续两年每周两次给作者辅导，以帮助作者培养正确的技术。即DJ Shiftee在作者年轻时教给他正确的技能。故选A。
【3题详解】
句意猜测题。根据第三段中的“At the end of the night, someone would say, “Oh, here’s the check.” And I’d say, “What Oh, I can’t hear.” They were always so astonished. Sometimes I would bring doctor’s notes because they wouldn’t believe me. It was reassurance that they were giving me opportunities to perform because I was brilliant, no out of sympathy. Eventually people started calling me”可知，在深夜有人和作者说：“哦，这是支票。”而作者会说：“什么？哦，我听不到。”他们很惊讶。有时我会带医生的诊断记录，因为他们不相信我。可以放心的是，他们给了我表演的机会，因为我很聪明，不是出于他们的同情。最终，人们开始称我为“那个聋的DJ”。由此可知，划线部分表示作者给人留下了深刻的印象。故选B。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“What fascinates me about deejaying is the creativity.”可知，作为一名唱片节目主持人令作者着迷的是创意。即作者喜欢担任一名唱片节目主持人是因为这份工作中需要人拥有创造力，能够做出创新。故选A。
B
College is an exciting time and place for young adults, but it can also be unsettling. Thankfully, there are plenty of books to help your children make a smooth transition(转变) to living independently and navigating the world of higher education.
Every Body Looking
by Candice Iloh
Going to college means that Ada will be living away from her family for the first time in her life. The distance gives her anxiety, but breathing room, too. She has the opportunity to reflect on her upbringing, her family's expectations, and what she wants for herself. This National Book Award Finalist is about a young woman figuring out who she is and finding the courage to live authentically.
College Admission 101
by The Princeton Review and Robert Franek
The education expert and editor-in-chief of The Princeton Review shares his knowledge of the college admissions process in this Q&A style guidebook. From choosing extra-curricular activities to securing financial aid, Robert Franek answers over 60 of the most common questions about getting into college.
Paying for College, 2021
by The Princeton Review and Kalman Chany
College is expensive, but this guidebook will help you identify ways to increase your financial aid, find scholarships, and minimize college costs. From taxes to FAPSA forms, this book is helpful to you.
Time of Our Lives
by Emily Wibberley and Austin Siegemund-Broka
Fitz and Juniper couldn't be any more different. But when they cross paths on their East Coast college tours, sparks fly between them. Because they come from vastly different backgrounds, the two teens inspire and challenge each other to explore their college and life options.
5. Which book can help you have a better understanding of yourself
A. College Admission 101.
B. Every Body Looking.
C. Paying for College, 2021.
D. Time of Our Lives.
6. Who wrote the book that can help teens ease the financial burden
A. The Princeton Review and Robert Franek.
B. Candice Iloh.
C. The Princeton Review and Kalman Chany.
D. Emily Wibberley and Austin Siegemund-Broka.
7. What can be inferred from the text about the above books
A. They can get teens ready for college.
B. They help teens improve their learning methods.
C. They improve teens’ public speaking skills.
D. They prepare teens for their future jobs.
【答案】BCA
【解析】本文是一篇应用文，对于年轻人来说，大学是一个令人兴奋的时间段和地点，但它也可能令人不安。值得庆幸的是，有大量的书籍可以帮助你的孩子顺利过渡到独立生活和在高等教育的世界中航行。
5. 【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据原文Every Body Looking 中介绍的. . . what she wants for herself. . . figuring out who she is. . . 可知答案。
6. 【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据原文Paying for College ,2021中介绍的College is expensive, but this guidebook will help you identify ways to increase your financial aid , find scholarships, and minimize college costs. 可知, Kalman Chany 写的这部书能够缓解孩子经济的压力。
7. 【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段Thankfully, there are plenty of books to help your children make a smooth transition(转变) to living independently and navigating the world of higher education. 可知，这四本书都可以帮助准备上大学的青少年。
C
A robot created by Washington State University (WSU) scientists could help elderly people with dementia (痴呆) and other limitations live independently in their own homes.
The Robot Activity Support System, or RAS, uses sensors installed in a WSU smart home to determine where its residents are, what they are doing and when they need assistance with daily activities. It navigates (定位) through rooms and around obstacles to find people on its own, provides video instructions on how to do simple tasks and can even lead its owner to objects like their medication or a snack in the kitchen.
“RAS combines the convenience of a mobile robot with the activity detection technology of a WSU smart home to provide assistance in the moment, as the need for help is detected,” said Bryan Minor, a postdoctoral researcher in the WSU School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.
Currently, an estimated 50 percent of adults over the age of 85 need assistance with every day activities such as preparing meals and taking medication and the annual cost for this assistance in the US is nearly $2 trillion. With the number of adults over 85 expected to triple by 2050, researchers hope that technologies like RAS and the WSU smart home will relieve some of the financial strain on the healthcare system by making it easier for older adults to live alone.
RAS is the first robot researchers have tried to incorporate into their smart home environment. They recently published a study in the journal Cognitive Systems Research that demonstrates how RAS could make life easier for older adults struggling to live independently.
“While we are still in an early stage of development, our initial results with RAS have been promising,” Minor said. “The next step in the research will be to test RAS’performance with a group of older adults to get a better idea of what prompts, video reminders and other preferences they have regarding the robot.”
8. How does RAS serve elderly people
A. Through sensors. B. Through objects.
C. Through a mobile robot. D. Through their daily activities.
9. What can we know about RAS
A. It is the first robot used in daily life. B. Its function remains to be tested.
C. It can locate people and do any task. D. It can cook for owners on its own.
10. What’s Minor’s attitude toward the future of RAS
A. Doubtful. B. Negative. C. Optimistic. D. Uncertain.
11. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Elderly people leave the nursing home.
B. Smart Home Tests first elder-Care robot.
C. RAS, the first robot to make home smart.
D. Older adults have benefited from RAS.
【答案】ABCB
【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一款由美国华盛顿州立大学的科学家们研发的机器人，可以帮助那些痴呆或有身体缺陷的老年人在家里过上自立的生活。
【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段 The Robot Activity Support System, or RAS, uses sensors （传感器）equipped in a WSU smart home to determine where its residents are, what they are doing and when they need assistance with daily activities可知机器人活动支持系统（RAS）使用WSU智能家居中配备的传感器（传感器）来确定其居民在哪里，他们在做什么以及何时需要日常活动的帮助，说明传感器起到了重大的作用，故选A项。
【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的The next step in the research will be to test RAS' performance…可知，这台机器人的表现还要经过进一步的测，说明正在测试阶段，故选B项。
【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段 While we are still in an early stage of development, our initial results with RAS have been promising可知，Minor对这款机器人的未来发展充满信心、非常乐观，故选C项。
【11题详解】主旨大意题。文章介绍了一款由美国华盛顿州立大学的科学家们研发的机器人。由最后一段中The next step in the research will be to test RAS’ performance 可知，机器人目前还在华盛顿州立大学的智能屋里进行测试，故选B项。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. To look a partner full in the eye is considered a sign of ill-breeding and is felt to be annoying. B. As is known to all, eyes are the window the soul. C. However, this would be considered an insult in Muslim countries, where one will never show the sole of the foot to a guest. D. But in Bulgaria and Greece a nod means “no” and a shake of the head means “yes”. E. Waving or pointing to an Arab business person would be considered rude because that is how Arabs call their dogs over. F. However, whatever cultures you are exposed to, bear in mind that when in Rome, do as the Romans do.
Body language, especially gestures, varies among cultures. For example, a nod of the head means “yes” to most of us. ___1___ Likewise, a sign for OK, forming a circle with our forefinger and thumb, means zero in France and money in Japan. ___2___
Folded arms signal pride in Finland, but disrespect in Fiji. The number of bows that the Japanese exchange on greeting each other, as well as the length and the depth of the bows, signals the social status each party feels towards each other.
Italians might think you’re bored unless you use a lot of gestures during discussions. Many American men sit with their legs crossed with one ankle resting over the opposite knee. ___3___
Likewise, Americans consider eye contact very important, often not trusting someone who is afraid to look at you in the eye. But in Japan and many Latin American countries, keeping the eyes lowered is a sign of respect. ___4___
【答案】1. D 2. E 3. C 4. A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了不同国家之间，肢体语言所代表的不同含义。告诉我们要入乡随俗。
【1题详解】
根据上文“For example, a nod of the head means ‘yes’ to most of us.(例如，点头对我们大多数人来说意思是‘是’)”可知，本句承接上文说明点头在不同国家的意义不同，且上文中a nod of the head可对应到D选项中a nod。故D选项“但在保加利亚和希腊，点头表示‘不’，摇头表示‘是’”符合语境，故选D。
【2题详解】
根据上文“Likewise, a sign for OK, forming a circle with our forefinger and thumb, means zero in France and money in Japan.(同样，用食指和拇指围成一个圈表示OK，在法国表示‘零’，在日本表示‘钱’)”可知，上文提到了一些国家的手势所代表的不同含义，本句承接上文继续举例说明。故E选项“挥手或指着阿拉伯商人会被认为是粗鲁的，因为那是阿拉伯人叫他们的狗的方式”符合语境，故选E。
【3题详解】
根据上文“Italians might think you’re bored unless you use a lot of gestures during discussions. Many American men sit with their legs crossed with one ankle resting over the opposite knee.(除非你在讨论时做很多手势，否则意大利人可能会认为你很无聊。许多美国人跷二郎腿坐着，一只脚踝搁在另一只膝盖上)”可知，上文提到了一种与腿和脚有关的姿势，本句为本段最后一句，应当承接上文说明这一姿势在其他国家的不同含义。故C选项“然而，在穆斯林国家，这被认为是一种侮辱，在那里，一个人永远不会向客人展示出脚底”符合语境，故选C。
【4题详解】
根据上文“Likewise, Americans consider eye contact very important, often not trusting someone who is afraid to look at you in the eye. But in Japan and many Latin American countries, keeping the eyes lowered is a sign of respect.(同样地，美国人也认为眼神交流非常重要，他们通常不相信那些不敢直视你眼睛的人。但在日本和许多拉丁美洲国家，眼睛保持低垂是一种尊重的表示)”可知，本句承接上文说明在日本和许多拉丁美洲国家不盯着别人的眼睛看的原因，因为这是一种没有教养的表现，会让人讨厌。故A选项“盯着对方的眼睛看会被认为是没有教养的表现，会让人感到讨厌”符合语境，故选A。
第II卷
Translation
1. 收到我的信之后， 他很快回复我了。respond
2. 让我最怀念的是人们装饰房子用的节日灯。decorate
3. 当谈到他的老板时，他没说一句话。When it comes to
4. 在这个重要关头，我们需要一个能鼓舞团队士气的人。(inspire)
【答案】
1. He responded to me soon after receiving my letter.
2. One of the biggest things I missed was the lights that people use to decorate their homes.
3. When it came to his boss, he didn’t utter a word.
4. At this critical moment, we need a man who can inspire the team.
VI、Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
人们成功的有众多因素组成，如：勤奋、机遇、毅力、梦想、热情、耐心、创造性、无畏、无私等，请你选择一个你认为最重要的因素，并结合生活实例简述理由。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Some people regard opportunity as the most important way to success. But I think working hard is the key to success.
There is no doubt that if the person does not work hard and fight for his goal, there is no way for him to get what he wants. Some actors start their career at the very young age, when they are also 40, they become famous suddenly. If they give up, they can’t gain their reputation. So working hard, there is much chance to succeed. If you want to achieve something or intend to fulfill one of your dreams, you must work hard, make efforts and get prepared. Otherwise, you will take no advantage of opportunities when they come to visit you.
From my point of view, there are plenty of opportunities for everyone in our society, but only those who are working hard can make use of them to achieve their dreams.
单元素养评估测试卷
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
There seems never ____1____ (be) a civilization without toys, but when and how they developed is unknown. They probably came about just to give children something to do.
In the ancient world, as is today, most boys played with some kinds of toys and most girls with ____2____. In most of the communities ____3____ social roles are rigidly determined, boys pattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls ____4____ (prepare), even in play, to step into the roles and responsibilities of the adult world.
____5____ is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the centuries ____6____ how much they have remained the same. The changes have been mostly in terms of craftsmanship, mechanics, and technology. It is the universality of toys with regard to their development in all parts of the world and their persistence to the present ____7____ is amazing. In Egypt, America, China, Japan and among the Arctic people, generally the same kinds of toys appeared. Variations depended on local customs and ways of life ____8____ toys imitate their surroundings. Nearly every civilization had dolls, little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animals and vehicles
Because toys can be generally regarded as a kind of art form, they have not been likely to be influenced by technological leaps ____9____ characterize inventions for adult use. The progress from the wheel to the cart to the automobile is a direct line of ways up. The progress from a rattle (拨浪鼓)used by a baby in 3,000 BC to _____10_____ used by an infant today, however, is not characterized by inventiveness. Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the times and subject to the limitations of available materials.
【答案】1. to have been 2. others 3. where 4. are being prepared/are prepared
5. What 6. but 7. that 8. because 9. that/which 10. one
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了玩具的发展与变化。
【1题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：似乎从来就没有一个没有玩具的文明，但它们是何时以及如何发展起来的，我们不得而知。seem to do sth.似乎要做某事，这里用不定式的完成式表示该动作已经发生过了。故填to have been。
【2题详解】
考查代词。句意：在古代，和今天一样，大多数男孩玩某些种类的玩具，而大多数女孩则玩其他种类的玩具。这里代指前面的复数名词toys，表示“其他种类的玩具”。故填others。
【3题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在大多数社会角色被严格规定的社区中，男孩按照他们父亲的活动来安排他们的游戏，而女孩正在为进入成人世界的角色和责任做准备，甚至在游戏中也是如此。句中先行词为communities，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。与故填where。
【4题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：在大多数社会角色被严格规定的社区中，男孩按照他们父亲的活动来安排他们的游戏，而女孩正在为进入成人世界的角色和责任做准备，甚至在游戏中也是如此。根据句中时态可知，用一般现在时；或表示动作正在进行，所以用现在进行时。主语girls与prepare之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填are being prepared/are prepared。
【5题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：在玩具的历史上，值得注意的不是它们在过去的几个世纪中发生了怎样的变化，而是它们保持了多少不变。本句为主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，所以用what引导。故填What。
【6题详解】
考查连词。句意：在玩具的历史上，值得注意的不是它们在过去的几个世纪中发生了怎样的变化，而是它们保持了多少不变。前后句为转折关系，所以用转折词but。故填but。
【7题详解】
考查强调句。句意：令人惊奇的是，玩具在世界各地发展的普遍性，以及它们至今的持久性。本句为强调句，强调句结构为It is + 强调部分 + that从句。本句强调主语the universality of toys with regard to their development in all parts of the world and their persistence to the present 。故填that。
【8题详解】
考查连词。句意：由于玩具模仿周围环境，所以变化取决于当地的风俗和生活方式。根据句意可知，前后句为因果关系，后句介绍变化的原因。故填because。
【9题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：因为玩具通常被视为一种艺术形式，它们不太可能受到技术飞跃的影响，而技术飞跃是成人发明的特征。句中先行词为technological leaps，在定语从句中作宾语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填that/which。
【10题详解】
考查代词。句意：然而，从公元前3000年婴儿使用的拨浪鼓到今天婴儿使用的拨浪鼓，并没有什么发明的特征。代词one为泛指，指代前面提到的rattle。故填one。
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. balanced B. beneficial C. combined D. concerns E. contacted F. normal G. nutrients H. recommended I. shorter J. professional K. challenging
Try a raw food diet
When 17-year-old Ali told his friends, he was giving up eating cooked food, they were shocked. Ali, a keen Kung Fu fighter, who is hoping to turn ____11____, is convinced that following a raw food diet, based on vegetables and fruit, is the key that will lead to his sporting success.
Ali’s sports coach is enthusiastic about the raw food diet, which is often ____12____ to his students. “Raw food contains enzymes (酶). If enzymes are preserved, we improve strength and stamina (耐力). ” Ali is also happy with his new eating habits: “I find my recovery time after training is ____13____ now,” he insists.
What do the experts think Is a raw food diet really the way forward I ____14____ Professor Benos, an international expert on nutrition. “There is no scientific evidence that getting rid of cooked food from the diet is ____15____,” said the professor. Enzymes are produced by the body to help digestion, whether the food is cooked or raw. However, Professor Benos says that eating a raw food diet may have some positive effects: “A raw food diet is high in fresh food, which is richer in ____16____ than many different kinds of processed food. The diet also encourages more chewing and takes longer to digest. As a result we do not eat more than we need. ”
On the other hand, Professor Benos has serious ____17____ about only eating raw foods:“We may consume too much fruit. Fruit contains a lot of natural sugars which is not good for our teeth. Milk is eliminated so our intake of calcium (钙) is less, and we may fail to get enough iron and zinc (锌).”
When speaking of a ____18____ diet, Professor Benos believes a strictly raw food diet should be avoided but can be ____19____ with both raw and cooked food to get the best of both worlds. He says,“The strongest evidence is that the healthiest diet has a wide range of both cooked and raw food, from all the food groups. A raw food diet may do no real harm over the short term, but I believe you should return to _____20_____ eating after a few weeks.”
【答案】11. J 12. H 13. I 14. E 15. B 16. G 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. F
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了专家对生食饮食的研究。
【11题详解】
考查名词。句意：阿里是一名热衷于功夫的拳手，他希望成为职业拳手。他相信，以蔬菜和水果为食的生食是他在体育上取得成功的关键。turn后接表示职业的单数可数名词作表语。professional职业选手。故选J。
【12题详解】
考查语态。句意：阿里的体育教练对他的学生们经常推荐的生食饮食非常热衷。recommend推荐。raw food diet与recommend之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态，根据从句中is可知，用动词的过去分词形式recommended。故选H。
【13题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：阿里对自己的新饮食习惯也很满意：“我发现训练后的恢复时间缩短了，”他坚持说。shorter较短的。形容词比较级在句中作表语。故选I。
【14题详解】
考查动词。句意：我联系了Benos教授，一位国际营养学专家。contact联系。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少谓语动词。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故选E。
【15题详解】
考查形容词。句意：“没有科学证据表明从饮食中去除熟食是有益的，”这位教授说。beneficial 有益的。句中用形容词作表语。故选B。
【16题详解】
考查名词。句意：生食富含新鲜食物，比许多不同种类的加工食品营养更丰富。介词in后接名词形式。nutrient营养物，为可数名词，前无冠词，所以用复数形式。故选G。
【17题详解】
考查名词。句意：另一方面，Benos教授对只吃生的食物有严重的担忧：“我们可能吃了太多的水果。水果含有大量的天然糖，这对我们的牙齿不好。因为不喝牛奶，所以我们摄入的钙就少了，我们可能得不到足够的铁和锌。”形容词serious后接名词形式。concern担忧，为可数名词，前无冠词，所以用复数形式。故选D。
【18题详解】
考查形容词。句意：说到均衡饮食，Benos教授认为应该避免严格的生食饮食，但可以同时搭配生食和熟食，这样两全其美。修饰名词diet，前用形容词形式。balanced平衡的。故选A。
【19题详解】
考查语态。句意：说到均衡饮食，Benos教授认为应该避免严格的生食饮食，但可以同时搭配生食和熟食，这样两全其美。修饰名词diet，前用形容词形式。combine with与……结合，与从句中主语raw food diet之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态，所以用过去分词combined。故选C。
【20题详解】
考查形容词。句意：生食可能在短期内没有真正的危害，但我认为你应该在几周后恢复正常饮食。形式名词eating，前用形容词形式。normal正常的。故选F。
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B. C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
No woman can be too rich or too thin. This saying often attributed to the late Duchess of Windsor indicates much of the odd spirit of our times. Being thin is ____61____ such a virtue.
The problem with such a view is that some people actually attempt to live by it. I myself have dreams of slipping into narrow designer clothes. ____62____, I have been on a diet for the better – or worse – part of my life. Being rich wouldn’t be bad either, but that won’t happen unless an unknown relative dies suddenly in some distant land, ____63____ me millions of dollars.
Where did we go off the track When did eating butter become a sin, and a little bit of extra flesh unappealing All religions have certain days when people refrain (抑制) from eating and excessive eating is one of Christianity’s seven deadly sins. ____64_____, until quite recently, most people had a problem getting enough to eat. In some religious groups, wealth was a _____65____ of high morals, and fatness a sign of wealth and well-being.
Today the ____66____ is true. We have ____67_____ to thinness as our new mark of virtue. The result is that being fat — or even only somewhat overweight — is bad because it implies a ____68____ of moral strength.
Our obsession with thinness is also ____69____ by health concerns. It is true that in this country we have more ____70____ people than ever before, and that, in many cases, being overweight correlates (关联) with an increased risk of heart and blood vessel disease. These ____71____, however, may have as much to do with our way of life and our high-fat diets as with excess weight. And the associated risk of cancer in the digestive system may be more of a dietary problem — too much fat and a lack of fiber — than a weight problem.
The real ____72____, then, is not that we weigh too much, but that we neither exercise enough nor eat well. ____73____ is necessary for strong bones and both heart and lung health. A balanced diet without a lot of fat can also help the body avoid many diseases. We should surely stop paying so much attention to ____74____. Simply being thin is not enough. It is actually dangerous if those who get (or already are) thin think they are automatically healthy and thus ____75____ paying attention to their overall life-style. Thinness can be pure vain glory.
61. A. offered B. praised C. considered D. implied
62. A. Consequently B. Unfortunately C. Unlikely D. Frequently
63. A. earning B. leaving C. making D. keeping
64. A. Therefore B. Furthermore C. Otherwise D. However
65. A. symptom B. signal C. symbol D. sample
66. A. phenomenon B. opposite C. purpose D. priority
67. A. shifted B. enhanced C. oppressed D. liberated
68. A. sense B. style C. mass D. lack
69. A. overcome B. negotiated C. fueled D. launched
70. A. abnormal B. ordinary C. overweight D. underweight
71. A. disasters B. diseases C. extremes D. devices
72. A. resolution B. concern C. guidance D. approach
73. A. Diet B. Exercise C. Nutrition D. Energy
74. A. height B. length C. strength D. weight
75. A. free from B. worthy of C. accessible to D. contrary to
61-65: CABDC 66-70: BADCC 71-75: BBBDA
文章主要讨论了当下以瘦为美德的奇怪观念的产生背景及原因，并提醒人们不要只在乎使自己变瘦更要有健康的生活方式。
61. A. offered 提供B. praised 赞扬；歌颂 C. considered 认为；考虑； D. implied 暗示；意为；隐含； 该句句意为：瘦被认为是一种美德。故此处选C
62. A. Consequently 结果；所以；因此B. Unfortunately不幸地C. Unlikely 未必；不可能的；D. Frequently 频繁地；经常地；屡次；该句句意为：这种观点的问题在于，有些人实际上试图以此为生。我自己也梦想着穿上窄的名牌衣服。因此，在我的生活中，我一直在节食，不管是好是坏。故此处选A
63. A. earning 赚；挣；赢得；B. leaving 离开；留下C. making 使得；制造； D. keeping 保持；遵守；饲养；该句提示词为 “dies suddenly” 句意为：有钱也不是坏事，但这不会发生，除非一个不知名的亲戚在某个遥远的地方突然去世，留给我数百万美元。故此处选B
64. A. Therefore因此；所以 B. Furthermore 此外；而且 C. Otherwise 否则 D. However然而该句句意为：所有的宗教都有特定几天节食的日子，而且，过度饮食是基督教的七宗罪一。然而，直到最近，大多数人都有吃饱的问题。故此处应选D
65. A. symptom症状；征兆 B. signal 信号C. symbol 象征；符号；标志D. sample 样品；样本 该句句意为：在一些宗教团体中，财富是高尚道德的象征，而肥胖则是财富和幸福的象征。故此处选C
66. A. phenomenon 现象B. opposite正好相反的人或事物C. purpose目的D. priority 优先权；优先考虑的事；该句恰好承接上一句，意为：今天情况正好相反。我们已经把苗条作为美德的新标志。故此处应选B
67. A. shifted 改变；移动B. enhanced 提高；增加；加强C. oppressed 压迫；使烦恼D. liberated 解放；使获得自由；同66解析；
68. A. sense 感觉；意义；理智；B. style 文体；风格；式样；时尚；C. mass 大量；块；众多D. lack 缺乏 此处“have shifted to thinness as our new mark of virtue”和“being fat”相对比，此处意为：结果是肥胖——甚至只是有点超重——是不好的，因为这意味着缺乏道德力量。故此题选D
69. A. overcome 战胜；克服B. negotiated 谈判；协商C. fueled 给…提供燃料；增加；加强；刺激D. launched 开始从事；发起，发动；上市，发行；该句句意为：对健康的担忧也加强了我们对苗条的痴迷。后面又写了超重带来的危害，故此处选C
70. A. abnormal 反常的B. ordinary 平凡的；普通的C. overweight 超重的；过胖的 D. underweight 重量不足的； 此处和后面 “and….overweight correlates”是并列关系，故此处选C
71. A. disasters 灾难B. diseases 疾病 C. extremes极端D. devices 设备；设计；策略；此处these指代前面的heart and blood vessel disease，故选B
72. A. resolution 决心；解决B. concern 关心；忧虑，担心；C. guidance 指导；引导D. approach 途径；方法；该句是对上一段的结论，意为：因此，真正的担忧不是我们体重太重，而是我们既没有足够的锻炼，也没有吃得好。故选B
73. A. Diet 规定饮食B. Exercise 锻炼，运动；习题；C. Nutrition 营养D. Energy 精力；活力；能源；由下一句的can also得知，该处为对exercise好处的补充，故选B
74. A. height 高度 B. length 长度C. strength 力气；强度；力量；长处D. weight 重量；体重此处照应本段开头第一句，故选D
75. A. free from 使…摆脱B. worthy of 值得…的C. accessible to 易受…的影响；可为…所理解 D. contrary to 跟…相反；该句句意为：光是瘦是不够的。如果那些变瘦（或已经变瘦）的人认为自己天生健康，从而不必关注自己的整体生活方式，那实际上是危险的。故选A
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
A
To Be a Deaf DJ
I was born in England with perfect hearing. In 1990, when I was five, my family moved to the United States. I started getting ear infections every three months or so. We didn’t have health insurance at the time, and when I got a third infection, my parents couldn’t afford the treatment. I went deaf in my right ear and was left with 50 percent hearing in my left. Over time, my remaining hearing dropped to 20 percent, where it is today. My doctors predicted that I would be thoroughly deaf by now, so I think I’m doing pretty well.
There was always music on in my house in my childhood. I loved listening to Metallica, Led Zeppelin, Michael Jackson. My dad was a DJ, so he played disco, folk, rock, and music from other countries. For my 18th birthday, my dad asked me to deejay at the restaurant be owned. After doing that for a few weeks, I was hooded. I desired to learn more. I e-mailed DJ Shiftee, a distinguished New York City DJ, when I was 25: “I know you like a challenge. How about teaching a deaf person to deejay ” He wrote back the next day; “Challenge accepted.” He tutored me twice a week for two years, helping me develop correct technique. I practiced four hours a day.
Now when I’m performing, muscle memory takes over. When I started, I wouldn’t tell the club managers that I was deaf. I would just show up, introduce myself, and start playing music. At the end of the night, someone would say, “Oh, here’s the check.” And I’d say, “What Oh, I can’t hear.” They were always so astonished. Sometimes I would bring doctor’s notes because they wouldn’t believe me. It was reassurance that they were giving me opportunities to perform because I was brilliant, no out of sympathy. Eventually people started calling me “that deaf DJ,” and the name stuck.
What fascinates me about deejaying is the creativity. I use software that turns the music into lines of color on a computer screen. I’m visually hearing the music. The next time you go dancing, cover your ears, and you’ll start seeing that you’re able to hear the music in a different way. Music is not all about hearing. I pay all sorts of get-togethers now, from college parties to corporate events. I also go to elementary schools for the deaf and talk to the students about motivation and believing in themselves. I’m big on talking to the parents. I tell them, “My advice to you is let your kids chase their dreams. I’m a deaf DJ, so why not ”
1. Which of the following might result in the author’s hearing loss
A. Monthly ear infection. B. Moving to the U. S.
C. Family financial hardship D. The doctors’ prediction.
2. How did DJ Shiftee help the author during his youth
A. He taught him correct skills. B. He discovered his talent for DJ.
C. He played at the restaurant for him. D. He cultivated his taste for foreign music.
3. The underlined expression in Paragraph 3 “the name stuck” probably means that _________.
A. the author was in low spirits B. the author impressed people deeply
C the audience felt disappointed by the player D. the audience looked down upon the player
4. We can conclude from the passage that the author loves deejaying because _________.
A. working as a DJ involves innovation
B. music helps him to see the world virtually
C. he motivates the kids to realize their dream
D. he desires to challenge something impossible
【答案】CABA
【解析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者在长大的过程中因为家庭经济的原因没能对耳疾进行彻底的治疗，从而导致了听力的损伤，但坚强的意志力使作者成为了一名唱片节目主持人。作者建议孩子们的父母让孩子们追逐自己的梦想。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“when I got a third infection, my parents couldn’t afford the treatment. Over time, my remaining hearing dropped to 20 percent, where it is today.”可知，当作者第三次感染时，作者的父母负担不起治疗费用。随着时间的流逝，作者剩下的听力下降到今天的20％。即家庭经济困难导致了作者的听力受损。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He tutored me twice a week for two years, helping me develop correct technique.”可知，DJ Shiftee连续两年每周两次给作者辅导，以帮助作者培养正确的技术。即DJ Shiftee在作者年轻时教给他正确的技能。故选A。
【3题详解】
句意猜测题。根据第三段中的“At the end of the night, someone would say, “Oh, here’s the check.” And I’d say, “What Oh, I can’t hear.” They were always so astonished. Sometimes I would bring doctor’s notes because they wouldn’t believe me. It was reassurance that they were giving me opportunities to perform because I was brilliant, no out of sympathy. Eventually people started calling me”可知，在深夜有人和作者说：“哦，这是支票。”而作者会说：“什么？哦，我听不到。”他们很惊讶。有时我会带医生的诊断记录，因为他们不相信我。可以放心的是，他们给了我表演的机会，因为我很聪明，不是出于他们的同情。最终，人们开始称我为“那个聋的DJ”。由此可知，划线部分表示作者给人留下了深刻的印象。故选B。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“What fascinates me about deejaying is the creativity.”可知，作为一名唱片节目主持人令作者着迷的是创意。即作者喜欢担任一名唱片节目主持人是因为这份工作中需要人拥有创造力，能够做出创新。故选A。
B
College is an exciting time and place for young adults, but it can also be unsettling. Thankfully, there are plenty of books to help your children make a smooth transition(转变) to living independently and navigating the world of higher education.
Every Body Looking
by Candice Iloh
Going to college means that Ada will be living away from her family for the first time in her life. The distance gives her anxiety, but breathing room, too. She has the opportunity to reflect on her upbringing, her family's expectations, and what she wants for herself. This National Book Award Finalist is about a young woman figuring out who she is and finding the courage to live authentically.
College Admission 101
by The Princeton Review and Robert Franek
The education expert and editor-in-chief of The Princeton Review shares his knowledge of the college admissions process in this Q&A style guidebook. From choosing extra-curricular activities to securing financial aid, Robert Franek answers over 60 of the most common questions about getting into college.
Paying for College, 2021
by The Princeton Review and Kalman Chany
College is expensive, but this guidebook will help you identify ways to increase your financial aid, find scholarships, and minimize college costs. From taxes to FAPSA forms, this book is helpful to you.
Time of Our Lives
by Emily Wibberley and Austin Siegemund-Broka
Fitz and Juniper couldn't be any more different. But when they cross paths on their East Coast college tours, sparks fly between them. Because they come from vastly different backgrounds, the two teens inspire and challenge each other to explore their college and life options.
5. Which book can help you have a better understanding of yourself
A. College Admission 101.
B. Every Body Looking.
C. Paying for College, 2021.
D. Time of Our Lives.
6. Who wrote the book that can help teens ease the financial burden
A. The Princeton Review and Robert Franek.
B. Candice Iloh.
C. The Princeton Review and Kalman Chany.
D. Emily Wibberley and Austin Siegemund-Broka.
7. What can be inferred from the text about the above books
A. They can get teens ready for college.
B. They help teens improve their learning methods.
C. They improve teens’ public speaking skills.
D. They prepare teens for their future jobs.
【答案】BCA
【解析】本文是一篇应用文，对于年轻人来说，大学是一个令人兴奋的时间段和地点，但它也可能令人不安。值得庆幸的是，有大量的书籍可以帮助你的孩子顺利过渡到独立生活和在高等教育的世界中航行。
5. 【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据原文Every Body Looking 中介绍的. . . what she wants for herself. . . figuring out who she is. . . 可知答案。
6. 【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据原文Paying for College ,2021中介绍的College is expensive, but this guidebook will help you identify ways to increase your financial aid , find scholarships, and minimize college costs. 可知, Kalman Chany 写的这部书能够缓解孩子经济的压力。
7. 【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段Thankfully, there are plenty of books to help your children make a smooth transition(转变) to living independently and navigating the world of higher education. 可知，这四本书都可以帮助准备上大学的青少年。
C
A robot created by Washington State University (WSU) scientists could help elderly people with dementia (痴呆) and other limitations live independently in their own homes.
The Robot Activity Support System, or RAS, uses sensors installed in a WSU smart home to determine where its residents are, what they are doing and when they need assistance with daily activities. It navigates (定位) through rooms and around obstacles to find people on its own, provides video instructions on how to do simple tasks and can even lead its owner to objects like their medication or a snack in the kitchen.
“RAS combines the convenience of a mobile robot with the activity detection technology of a WSU smart home to provide assistance in the moment, as the need for help is detected,” said Bryan Minor, a postdoctoral researcher in the WSU School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.
Currently, an estimated 50 percent of adults over the age of 85 need assistance with every day activities such as preparing meals and taking medication and the annual cost for this assistance in the US is nearly $2 trillion. With the number of adults over 85 expected to triple by 2050, researchers hope that technologies like RAS and the WSU smart home will relieve some of the financial strain on the healthcare system by making it easier for older adults to live alone.
RAS is the first robot researchers have tried to incorporate into their smart home environment. They recently published a study in the journal Cognitive Systems Research that demonstrates how RAS could make life easier for older adults struggling to live independently.
“While we are still in an early stage of development, our initial results with RAS have been promising,” Minor said. “The next step in the research will be to test RAS’performance with a group of older adults to get a better idea of what prompts, video reminders and other preferences they have regarding the robot.”
8. How does RAS serve elderly people
A. Through sensors. B. Through objects.
C. Through a mobile robot. D. Through their daily activities.
9. What can we know about RAS
A. It is the first robot used in daily life. B. Its function remains to be tested.
C. It can locate people and do any task. D. It can cook for owners on its own.
10. What’s Minor’s attitude toward the future of RAS
A. Doubtful. B. Negative. C. Optimistic. D. Uncertain.
11. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Elderly people leave the nursing home.
B. Smart Home Tests first elder-Care robot.
C. RAS, the first robot to make home smart.
D. Older adults have benefited from RAS.
【答案】ABCB
【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一款由美国华盛顿州立大学的科学家们研发的机器人，可以帮助那些痴呆或有身体缺陷的老年人在家里过上自立的生活。
【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段 The Robot Activity Support System, or RAS, uses sensors （传感器）equipped in a WSU smart home to determine where its residents are, what they are doing and when they need assistance with daily activities可知机器人活动支持系统（RAS）使用WSU智能家居中配备的传感器（传感器）来确定其居民在哪里，他们在做什么以及何时需要日常活动的帮助，说明传感器起到了重大的作用，故选A项。
【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的The next step in the research will be to test RAS' performance…可知，这台机器人的表现还要经过进一步的测，说明正在测试阶段，故选B项。
【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段 While we are still in an early stage of development, our initial results with RAS have been promising可知，Minor对这款机器人的未来发展充满信心、非常乐观，故选C项。
【11题详解】主旨大意题。文章介绍了一款由美国华盛顿州立大学的科学家们研发的机器人。由最后一段中The next step in the research will be to test RAS’ performance 可知，机器人目前还在华盛顿州立大学的智能屋里进行测试，故选B项。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. To look a partner full in the eye is considered a sign of ill-breeding and is felt to be annoying. B. As is known to all, eyes are the window the soul. C. However, this would be considered an insult in Muslim countries, where one will never show the sole of the foot to a guest. D. But in Bulgaria and Greece a nod means “no” and a shake of the head means “yes”. E. Waving or pointing to an Arab business person would be considered rude because that is how Arabs call their dogs over. F. However, whatever cultures you are exposed to, bear in mind that when in Rome, do as the Romans do.
Body language, especially gestures, varies among cultures. For example, a nod of the head means “yes” to most of us. ___1___ Likewise, a sign for OK, forming a circle with our forefinger and thumb, means zero in France and money in Japan. ___2___
Folded arms signal pride in Finland, but disrespect in Fiji. The number of bows that the Japanese exchange on greeting each other, as well as the length and the depth of the bows, signals the social status each party feels towards each other.
Italians might think you’re bored unless you use a lot of gestures during discussions. Many American men sit with their legs crossed with one ankle resting over the opposite knee. ___3___
Likewise, Americans consider eye contact very important, often not trusting someone who is afraid to look at you in the eye. But in Japan and many Latin American countries, keeping the eyes lowered is a sign of respect. ___4___
【答案】1. D 2. E 3. C 4. A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了不同国家之间，肢体语言所代表的不同含义。告诉我们要入乡随俗。
【1题详解】
根据上文“For example, a nod of the head means ‘yes’ to most of us.(例如，点头对我们大多数人来说意思是‘是’)”可知，本句承接上文说明点头在不同国家的意义不同，且上文中a nod of the head可对应到D选项中a nod。故D选项“但在保加利亚和希腊，点头表示‘不’，摇头表示‘是’”符合语境，故选D。
【2题详解】
根据上文“Likewise, a sign for OK, forming a circle with our forefinger and thumb, means zero in France and money in Japan.(同样，用食指和拇指围成一个圈表示OK，在法国表示‘零’，在日本表示‘钱’)”可知，上文提到了一些国家的手势所代表的不同含义，本句承接上文继续举例说明。故E选项“挥手或指着阿拉伯商人会被认为是粗鲁的，因为那是阿拉伯人叫他们的狗的方式”符合语境，故选E。
【3题详解】
根据上文“Italians might think you’re bored unless you use a lot of gestures during discussions. Many American men sit with their legs crossed with one ankle resting over the opposite knee.(除非你在讨论时做很多手势，否则意大利人可能会认为你很无聊。许多美国人跷二郎腿坐着，一只脚踝搁在另一只膝盖上)”可知，上文提到了一种与腿和脚有关的姿势，本句为本段最后一句，应当承接上文说明这一姿势在其他国家的不同含义。故C选项“然而，在穆斯林国家，这被认为是一种侮辱，在那里，一个人永远不会向客人展示出脚底”符合语境，故选C。
【4题详解】
根据上文“Likewise, Americans consider eye contact very important, often not trusting someone who is afraid to look at you in the eye. But in Japan and many Latin American countries, keeping the eyes lowered is a sign of respect.(同样地，美国人也认为眼神交流非常重要，他们通常不相信那些不敢直视你眼睛的人。但在日本和许多拉丁美洲国家，眼睛保持低垂是一种尊重的表示)”可知，本句承接上文说明在日本和许多拉丁美洲国家不盯着别人的眼睛看的原因，因为这是一种没有教养的表现，会让人讨厌。故A选项“盯着对方的眼睛看会被认为是没有教养的表现，会让人感到讨厌”符合语境，故选A。
第II卷
Translation
1. 收到我的信之后， 他很快回复我了。respond
2. 让我最怀念的是人们装饰房子用的节日灯。decorate
3. 当谈到他的老板时，他没说一句话。When it comes to
4. 在这个重要关头，我们需要一个能鼓舞团队士气的人。(inspire)
【答案】
1. He responded to me soon after receiving my letter.
2. One of the biggest things I missed was the lights that people use to decorate their homes.
3. When it came to his boss, he didn’t utter a word.
4. At this critical moment, we need a man who can inspire the team.
VI、Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
人们成功的有众多因素组成，如：勤奋、机遇、毅力、梦想、热情、耐心、创造性、无畏、无私等，请你选择一个你认为最重要的因素，并结合生活实例简述理由。
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One possible version：
Some people regard opportunity as the most important way to success. But I think working hard is the key to success.
There is no doubt that if the person does not work hard and fight for his goal, there is no way for him to get what he wants. Some actors start their career at the very young age, when they are also 40, they become famous suddenly. If they give up, they can’t gain their reputation. So working hard, there is much chance to succeed. If you want to achieve something or intend to fulfill one of your dreams, you must work hard, make efforts and get prepared. Otherwise, you will take no advantage of opportunities when they come to visit you.
From my point of view, there are plenty of opportunities for everyone in our society, but only those who are working hard can make use of them to achieve their dreams.