致远高中2021学年第一学期10月评估高一年级英语学科 试卷
考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分
I. Listening comprehension (30’)
Section A Short Conversations
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. $700. B. $500. C. $300. D. $200.
2. A. English. B. French. C. Chinese. D. Canadian.
3. A. Jane’s. B. Peter’s. C. Betty’s. D. Sally’s.
4. A. Father’s Day. B. Mother’s Day.
C. Teachers’ Day. D. Children’s Day.
5. A. He asked his teacher for help. B. He worked it out himself.
C. He asked his classmate for help. D. He found the answer from the Internet.
6. A. Because Lisa’s dad is strict. B. Because he didn’t buy a gift.
C. Because Lisa’s dad doesn’t like him. D. Because he’s never met Lisa’s dad.
7. A. Mother and son. B. Teacher and student.
C. Doctor and patient. D. Waitress and customer.
8. A. Hong Kong. B. Museums. C. Travelling. D. Food.
9. A.. In a bank. B. In a restaurant. C. In a bookstore. D. In a hotel.
10. A. He dislikes having business trips. B. The office is far from his home.
C. The company is terrible. D. He will work overtime.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. In 2000. B. In 2005. C. In 2008. D. In 2015.
12. A. She is too young. B. She is a Chinese-American.
C. She doesn’t know the law well. D. She wasn’t born in American.
13. A. Alena is a Chinese-American girl.
B. Alena wrote to President Obama to know about the law.
C. Alena is trying to change the American law to become a president.
D. Alena is adapting to the school life well.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. About 20 pounds. B. About 10 pounds.
C. About 12 pounds. D. About 18 pounds.
15. A. The composing bin. B. The sharing bin.
C. The recycling bin. D. The wasting bin.
16. A. Control food waste. B. Recycle food waste.
C. Compost food waste. D. Share food with others.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. In a park. B. At a hotel. C. In the street. D. At a ticket office.
18. A. Snowy. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy. D. Sunny.
19. A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By subway. D. On foot.
20. A. 3:00 pm. B. 4:00 pm. C. 5:00 pm. D. 6:00 pm.
II. Vocabulary
(A)
Directions: After reading the passage and the sentences below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.
A. appeal B. appreciate C. aroused D. abandoned E. asleep F. assured G. benefit H. available I. absorbed J. adapt K. accomplish
1. Try to ________ to our new school life as soon as possible to face new challenges every day.
2. The little boy was so ________ in the video game that he took no notice of his father's entry.
3. The Oriental Pearl TV Tower is sure to ________ to millions of tourists from around the world.
4. I really ________ your lending me the money that I needed so badly.
5. The robots which could sing songs ________ the students' great interest.
6. The AI technology has become widespread and we can all ________ from it.
7. The policeman ________ the woman that he would find back her lost son.
8. The baby fell ________ soon and didn't wake up until the plane landed at the airport two hours later.
9. In this library tens of thousands of books and magazines are ________ to the readers.
10. The volunteers decided to do something this weekend and picked up all the ________ plastic bottles on the beach.
(B)
Directions: After reading the passage and the sentences below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.
A. digitally B. capable C. provides D. digital
E. including F. inside G. experiencing H. classical
I. masters J. keep K. composer
Most museums ask us to ____11____ our distance from the artworks, but Atelier des Lumieres, a new digital art center in France, allows visitors to set foot ____12____ the world of art.
Since it opened in April, the art center has been called Paris’ new “studio(工作室) of lights”. Its 16,000-square-foot hall ____13____ the perfect spot for the art center’s projection-based(基于投影的) exhibits.
The main exhibition, for example, begins with a view of Vienna, Austria. Visitors experience one of the biggest names in the history of European art Austrian painter Gustav Klimt(1862-1968). The best part is the digital pictures that cover the display area, ____14____ portraits(肖像画) of women and girls.
After ____15____ Klimt’s most popular work, Brid Stenson from the Guardian wrote, “Rather than searching for a spot near a ... painting, I find myself wanting to reach into the space in front of me and touch the gold leaf of The Kiss and The Tree of Life as they are ____16____ cast(投射) around the room.”
Apart from the video images, background music also adds beauty to the exhibition. The art center includes soundtracks from many ____17____, including Polish pianist Frederic Chopin, and German ____18____ Ludwig van Beethoven.
The exhibition is a new way to bring ____19____ art into the 21st century. “Used for creative purposes, digital technology is ____20____ of creating links between eras(年代), increasing emotions, and reaching the largest possible audience,” said Bruno Monnier, president of Culture-spaces, an operator of museums and art centers in Paris.
III. Cloze
Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best the content.
From using a smiling emoji in messages to saying “cheese” when taking photos, most people believe that a smile is a sign of happiness. ____21____ some scientists don’t think so.
The ____22____ between smiles and happiness was recently studied by researchers at Brighton and Sussex Medical School(BSMS) in the UK. Their ____23____ found that smiling doesn’t necessarily show a person’s gladness. Instead, it usually ____24____ a tool in social contact.
In the study 44 people aged between 18 and 35 took part in a quiz. The ____25____ had to answer nine difficult questions, while their facial expressions were recorded by computers. The participants were then asked to rate(评估) their own experiences when answering the questions. They were given 12 different emotions to ____26____, including “bored” and “interested”.
According to Science Daily, people always ____27____ the experiences that made them smile with “engagement(参与)”, ____28____ “happiness” or “interested”.
We normally associate a smiling person with cheerfulness. ____29____, a smile is more likely to be caused by a feeling of ____30____, reported Indian newspaper The Asian Age.
In order to ____31____ explain these results, the researchers checked the ____32____ of the participants answering each question.
According to the journal News Medical, the participants didn’t show any signs of smiling in their images when they were trying their best to find out the right answer.
However, when they were told whether their answer was ____33____ or not, they smiled. And more ____34____, they smiled more often when their answers were incorrect. It showed “their enjoyment of this game,” according to Science Daily.
“This ____35____ could be explained by self-ratings of engagement, rather than by ratings of happiness or frustration,” body language expert Harry Witchel told Science Daily.
21. A. But B. So C. Then D. And
22. A. difference B. connection C. similarity D. gap
23. A. report B. group C. study D. article
24. A. use as B. consider as C. look upon as D. serve as
25. A. participants B. people C. researchers D. members
26. A. describe B. choose from C. write down D. think of
27. A. thought B. believed C. matched D. considered
28. A. as well as B. except C. along with D. rather than
29. A. However B. Therefore C. Actually D. Generally
30. A. happiness B. engagement C. gladness D. cheerfulness
31. A. more B. double C. further D. right
32. A. results B. papers C. boards D. images
33. A. correct B. interesting C. doubtful D. good
34. A. seemingly B. surprisingly C. exactly D. amusingly
35. A. smile B. answer C. behavior D. engagement
IV. Reading Comprehension
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
The first two years of Stuart Singer’s retirement were pure play, killing time in the New York City by bike and visiting museums and art galleries.
“At some point, I realised I should do more than this,” said Mr Singer, a former high school teacher.
Now Mr Singer, 74, and his wife Madine, 69, are involved in the Retired and Senior Volunteer Programme. Mr Singer volunteers with the Community Health Advocates Programme, which started in 2010. The programme helps consumers to know better about the health insurance coverage(医疗保险). And it helps them to find access to low-cost or free care. Mr Singer’s main task is to answer phones for the Community Health Advocates’ helpline.
“There are lots of calls from different people who need medical care, but they can’t get it because their insurance company won’t pay for it,” he said. “And you got to go through doctors, and get the papers filled out. But when you get it done, yeah, it feels good.”
The helpline helps about 250 callers each week and has saved consumers $12.1 million since it began. Mr Singer comes in once a week, helping 10 callers every shift. In total, he estimates he has saved New Yorkers $443,000.
Despite the challenges, the work is a joy, not drudgery for Mr Singer, which inspired his wife to sign up for volunteer training after she retired in late 2014 as vice president of the Insurance Information Institute. It put her fear of retirement at ease.
Mrs Singer trained with the Advocacy, Counseling and Entitlement Services Project before being placed with the Actor’s Fund, a national human services organization for performing arts and entertainment professionals founded in 1882. “It just seems so unfair that these people have trouble finding housing,” said Mrs Singer. Since she started in early 2015, Mrs Singer has had more than 270 appointments with clients, from ticket takers to screenwriters to dancers. “Having someone help them really means a lot to them,” Mrs Singer said.
Much of her work is helping clients who are applying for affordable housing sort through a variety of income sources they receive. “It keeps the mind going,” Mrs Singer said. “It keeps the social life going, and I’m doing something.”
36. In paragraph 2, this refers to_________.
A. riding bikes in New York City B. visiting museums and art galleries
C. spending Mr Singer’s life purely for fun D. teaching in a high school
37. The word drudgery in paragraph 6 most probably means ________.
A. tiring training B. boring work
C. inspiring training D. exciting work
38. What does Mrs Singer think of her volunteer work
A. Meaningful. B. Easy. C. Affordable. D. Relaxing.
39. Which of the following is the best title for this passage
A. Live a Simple Life after Retirement
B. Adapt to Social Life after Retirement
C. Find Rewards in Volunteering after Retirement
D. Overcome Difficulties in Volunteering after Retirement
(B)
Part-time jobs for 15 and 16 years olds
Waiter / Waitress A job as a waiter or waitress is a good choice for 16-year-olds. Not only can one earn $9 - $12 an hour, but they can also get the tips. Most people that visit a restaurant don't just have good food. They come here to relax and have a good time. Besides serving food quickly, a young waiter who talks to them politely with a smile on his face will make the diners enjoy their time at the restaurant.
Work in a libraryIf one is fond of books, working in a library is another suitable choice. Besides the pay is good, it offers a lot of free time when students can actually sit down and finish their homework. So on returning home, they would have time to hang around with friends or just relax. So working in a library is an excellent part-time job for teens, especially for school students.
Internet jobs There are many ways of making money through online jobs like clicking on advertisements, visiting sites and signing up with them. However, such online jobs don't pay well. A better Internet job for teens is to complete online surveys. These are quite simple surveys that usually ask one about his / her opinions and ideas. Many companies use these ideas to make products designed for teenagers.
40. What does the writer think of the job as a waiter / waitress
A. It needs a period of training
B. It pays much more than other jobs.
C. It can improve one's leadership skills.
D. Making diners comfortable is part of the job.
41 The writer wrote this text to ________.
A tell us the importance of doing part-time jobs
B. advise teenagers how to choose a part-time job
C. teach young people how to make lots of money
D. introduce his / her experience of doing part-time jobs
42. Why do some companies ask the teens to do surveys
A. The teens have more free time.
B. They can pay less to the teens.
C. They need advice to make products for teens.
D. The teens usually express their true opinions.
C
Making great memories in US neighborhoods
Sometimes, we remember our childhood neighborhood just as well, or even better than, our childhood homes. For both children and adults, neighborhoods are a place to play, learn, and make memories.
In the majority of US suburbs, almost everyone knows each other on the ing home together on the bus is usually just the beginning of neighboring children spending time together. Whether it’s playing soccer or chasing each other around on bikes, kids often take advantage of the daylight to get some fresh air outside. When it’s hot, children can jump in a pool together. And when it’s cold, they can have a snowball fight with one another.
Adults also take advantage of living in a community by befriending their neighbors. It’s convenient for neighbors to become friends, considering that they live so close together. Neighbors are often the ones to babysit or dog-sit for each other.
If someone holds a party, neighbors might lend some space for guests to park their cars in. And if the postman or woman mixes up the mail, neighbors are are more than happy to return it back to its rightful owner. Having kind and caring neighbors can make a world of difference in how a person views their home. To some people, a home may not be just the house they live in, but also the community they’re a part of.
Besides from helping each other out, neighbors often get together for block parties. Block parties usually occur in the summer, when the weather is warm, and the sun stays out late. Kids can play games, and adults bring delicious treats and socialize. There are even some occasions(场合) when local firefighters will bring their fire trucks to the party.
Neighborhoods, just like homes, come in all different shapes and sizes. Some neighborhoods may contain over 100 people, while others may only have a few people. But whatever the size, neighborhoods can be a powerful and memorable part of our lives, filled with neighbors we’ll always remember.
43. What do children usually do with their neighbors, according to Paragraph 2
A. Play together outside. B. Do volunteer work.
C. Walk dogs together. D. Study in groups.
44. How would the author probably describe the relationship between neighbors in US suburbs
A. Serious. B. Friendly. C. Troubled. D. Cold.
45. What can we learn about block parties
A. They’re held regularly throughout the year.
B. They’re mainly held to welcome new neighbors.
C. Fire trucks are always brought to the parties.
D. They’re good places to socialize at.
46. The author wrote this article mainly to ________.
A. introduce the daily life of US children.
B. compare communities in the US and China.
C. explain why neighborhoods can be important to Americans.
D. share the good memories of her childhood neighborhood.
(D)
Ever walked to the shops only to find, once there, you’ve completely forgotten what you went for Or struggled to remember the name of an old friend For years we’ve accepted that a forgetful brain is as much a part of aging as wrinkles and gray hair. But now a new book suggests that we’ve got it all wrong.
According to The Secret Life of the Grown-up Brain, by science writer Barbara Strauch, when it comes to the important things, our brains actually get better with age. In fact, she argues that some studies have found that our brain hits its peak between our 40s and 60s — much later than previously thought.
Furthermore, rather than losing many brain cells as we age, we keep them, and even produce new ones well into middle age. For years it’s been assumed that brain, much like the body, declines with age. But the longest, largest study into what happens to people as they age suggests otherwise.
This continuing research has followed 6,000 people since 1956, testing them every seven years. It has found that on average, participants performed better on cognitive (认知的) tests in their 40s and 50s than they had done in their 20s. Specifically, older people did better on tests of vocabulary, verbal memory (how many words you can remember) and problem solving. Where they performed less well was number ability and perceptual speed — how fast you can push a button when ordered. However, with more complex tasks such as problem-solving and language, we are at our best at middle age and beyond. In short, researchers are now coming up with scientific proof that we do get wiser with age.
Neuroscientists are also finding that we are happier with aging. A recent US study found older people were much better at controlling and balancing their emotions. It is thought that when we’re younger we need to focus more on the negative aspects of life in order to learn about the possible dangers in the world, but as we get older we’ve learned our lessons and are aware that we have less time left in life: therefore, it becomes more important for us to be happy.
47. Barbara Strauch probably agrees that ______.
A. the young are better at handling important things
B. wrinkles and gray hair are the only symbols of aging
C. aging leads to the decline of the function of the brain
D. people’s brains work best between their 40s and 60s
48. The continuing research has found older people perform better on ______.
A. vocabulary tests B. number ability
C. perceptual speed D. body balance
49. People are happier with aging because ______.
A. they know how to share feelings B. they learn to value the time left
C. they cannot focus on negative aspects D. they do not realize the possible dangers
50. What is the main idea of the passage
A. People get happier with age. B. People get more forgetful with age.
C. People get wiser with age. D. People get more self-aware with age.
(E)
As you grow older, you’ll be faced with some challenging decisions. Some don’t have a clear right or wrong answer—like should you play soccer or field hockey.____51____.
Making decisions on your own is hard enough, but when other people get involved and try to pressure you one way or another it can be even harder. People who are your age, like your classmates, are called peers. When they try to influence how you act, to get you to do something, it’s called peer pressure.
Peers can have a positive influence on each other. You might admire a friend who is always a good sportsman and try to be more like him or her. ____52____ For example, a few kids in school might try to get you to cut class with them.
Some kids give in to peer pressure because they want to be liked, to fit in, or because they worry that other kids might make fun of them. The idea that ‘everyone’s doing it’ can influence some kids to leave their better judgments, or their common sense, behind.
____53____ Paying attention to your own feelings and beliefs about what is right and wrong can help you know the right thing to do.
Even if you are faced with peer pressure while you are alone, you can simply stay away from peers who pressure you to do stuff you know is wrong.
If you continue to face peer pressure and you’re finding it difficult to handle, talk to someone you trust. _____54_____
A. You might follow whatever he or she does.
B. But sometimes peers influence each other in negative ways.
C. Talk to the peer who pressure you and you will feel much better.
D. It is tough to be the only one who says ‘no’ to peer pressure, but you can’t do it.
E. Other decisions involve serious moral questions like whether to cut class, try cigarettes, or lie to your parents.
F. Talking to a parent, teacher, or school counselor can help you feel much better and prepare you for the next time you face peer pressure.
第二卷
I. Verb Filling
55. My new novel _____________(publish) by the end of this year. (所给词的适当形式填空)
56. The students________ (write) busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she had left in the office. (所给词的适当形式填空）
57. Did you predict that so many students ________ (volunteer) for the Clean Your Plate campaign （所给单词适当形式填空）
58. The teacher told the pupils that salt water ________ (freeze) at a lower temperature than fresh water. (所给词的适当形式填空）
59. I ________ (wait) for Tom for 2 hours since 5: 00. I wonder if he has lost his way. (所给词的适当形式填空）
60. This time tomorrow, the doctor ________(operate) on a patient. (所给词的适当形式填空）
61. On Saturday afternoon, Mrs. Green went to the market ,________(buy) some bananas and visited her cousin. (所给词的适当形式填空）
62. Once he makes up his mind, you ________ (not make) him change his mind. (所给词的适当形式填空）
63. No permission ________ (give) for anybody to enter the hall so far. (所给词的适当形式填空)
64. Your car ________ (repair) in the garage now. So you have to wait for another hour. (所给词的适当形式填空)
II. Choose the right phrase in its proper form
根据句意，选择单词或短语并以其适当形式填空。
tempt ignore in memory of hold back in the context of relate....to .. make sure set foot on expect tear
65. Rob ________between becoming a doctor and a career in athletics.
66. On hearing that she failed the exam, the girl raised her head ________tears.
67. This is the third time that I ________Spain. However, I still feel confused.
68. This speech needs to be set ________Britain in the 1960s.
69. ---Can Robert win the first place for running
---Impossible now. He ________to, but he has just hurt his leg.
70. My wife________to buy something that we didn’t actually want by false advertisement by the time I came back.
71. A film will be made ________those brave firefighters.
72. The basic requirements of your paper is that the topic you choose should ________your major.
73. Please ________that all the electronic devices remain turned off during the performance.
74. Experts think that children’s little progress should not ________ by their parents.
III. Translation
75. 结果证明他写的第一本科幻小说非常成功。(turn) (汉译英）
76. 让我尴尬的是他对我的衣服品头论足。（comment) (汉译英）
77. 父母总是对孩子的期望过高，这使得他们压力很大。（expect）（汉译英）
78. 如果你总是对别人的话挑三拣四而不反思自己的态度，你是不可能交到朋友的。（reflect) (汉译英）2021-2022学年上海市奉贤区致远高级中学高一上学期10月评估英语试题
考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分
I. Listening comprehension (30’)
Section A Short Conversations
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. $700. B. $500. C. $300. D. $200.
2. A. English. B. French. C. Chinese. D. Canadian.
3. A. Jane’s. B. Peter’s. C. Betty’s. D. Sally’s.
4 A. Father’s Day. B. Mother’s Day.
C. Teachers’ Day. D. Children’s Day.
5. A. He asked his teacher for help. B. He worked it out himself.
C. He asked his classmate for help. D. He found the answer from the Internet.
6. A. Because Lisa’s dad is strict. B. Because he didn’t buy a gift.
C. Because Lisa’s dad doesn’t like him. D. Because he’s never met Lisa’s dad.
7. A. Mother and son. B. Teacher and student.
C. Doctor and patient. D. Waitress and customer.
8. A. Hong Kong. B. Museums. C. Travelling. D. Food.
9. A.. In a bank. B. In a restaurant. C. In a bookstore. D. In a hotel.
10. A. He dislikes having business trips. B. The office is far from his home.
C. The company is terrible. D. He will work overtime.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. In 2000. B. In 2005. C. In 2008. D. In 2015.
12. A. She is too young. B. She is a Chinese-American.
C. She doesn’t know the law well. D. She wasn’t born in American.
13. A. Alena is a Chinese-American girl.
B. Alena wrote to President Obama to know about the law.
C. Alena is trying to change the American law to become a president.
D. Alena is adapting to the school life well.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. About 20 pounds. B. About 10 pounds.
C. About 12 pounds. D. About 18 pounds.
15. A. The composing bin. B. The sharing bin.
C. The recycling bin. D. The wasting bin.
16. A. Control food waste. B. Recycle food waste.
C. Compost food waste. D. Share food with others.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. In a park. B. At a hotel. C. In the street. D. At a ticket office.
18. A. Snowy. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy. D. Sunny.
19. A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By subway. D. On foot.
20. A. 3:00 pm. B. 4:00 pm. C. 5:00 pm. D. 6:00 pm.
II. Vocabulary
(A)
Directions: After reading the passage and the sentences below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.
A. appeal B. appreciate C. aroused D. abandoned E. asleep F. assured G. benefit H. available I. absorbed J. adapt K. accomplish
1. Try to ________ to our new school life as soon as possible to face new challenges every day.
2. The little boy was so ________ in the video game that he took no notice of his father's entry.
3. The Oriental Pearl TV Tower is sure to ________ to millions of tourists from around the world.
4. I really ________ your lending me the money that I needed so badly.
5. The robots which could sing songs ________ the students' great interest.
6. The AI technology has become widespread and we can all ________ from it.
7. The policeman ________ the woman that he would find back her lost son.
8. The baby fell ________ soon and didn't wake up until the plane landed at the airport two hours later.
9. In this library, tens of thousands of books and magazines are ________ to the readers.
10. The volunteers decided to do something this weekend and picked up all the ________ plastic bottles on the beach.
【答案】1. J 2. I
3. A 4. B
5. C 6. G
7. F 8. E
9. H 10. D
【解析】
【分析】
【1题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：试着尽快适应我们的新学校生活，每天面对新的挑战。设空处接在不定式符号to（try to do）后，用动词原形，短语adapt to，意为“适应”，根据句意，故选J。
【2题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：那个小男孩全神贯注地玩电子游戏，没有注意到他父亲也参加了游戏。短语be absorbed in，意为“全神贯注，专心于”，根据句意，故选I。
【3题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：东方明珠电视塔肯定会吸引世界各地数以百万计的游客。设空处接在不定式符号to（be sure to do）后，用动词原形，短语appeal to，意为“吸引”，根据句意，故选A。
【4题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：我非常感谢你借给我急需的钱。设空处为谓语，根据语境可知为一般现在时，主语是I，谓语用复数形式，根据句意，故选B。
【5题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：会唱歌的机器人引起了学生们极大的兴趣。设空处为谓语，根据语境，可知为一般过去时，根据句意可知是arouse，意为“激起，唤起”，故选C。
【6题详解】
考查动词。句意：人工智能技术已经广泛应用，我们都可以从中受益。设空处接在情态动词can后，应用动词原形，根据句意可知是benefit，意为“获益”，故选G。
【7题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：警察向那位妇女保证他会找回她失踪的儿子。设空处为谓语，根据语境可知为一般过去时，根据句意可知是assure，意为“使确信，保证”，故选F。
【8题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：那婴儿很快就睡着了，直到两小时后飞机降落在机场才醒来。短语fall asleep，意为“睡着”，根据句意，故选E。
【9题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：在这个图书馆里，读者可以得到数以万计的书籍和杂志。短语be available to，意为“可被……利用或得到的”，根据句意，故选H。
【10题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这个周末，志愿者们决定做点什么，他们捡起了海滩上所有被遗弃的塑料瓶。设空处修饰名词，应用形容词作定语，根据句意，故选D。
(B)
Directions: After reading the passage and the sentences below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.
A. digitally B. capable C. provides D. digital
E. including F. inside G. experiencing H. classical
I. masters J. keep K. composer
Most museums ask us to ____11____ our distance from the artworks, but Atelier des Lumieres, a new digital art center in France, allows visitors to set foot ____12____ the world of art.
Since it opened in April, the art center has been called Paris’ new “studio(工作室) of lights”. Its 16,000-square-foot hall ____13____ the perfect spot for the art center’s projection-based(基于投影的) exhibits.
The main exhibition, for example, begins with a view of Vienna, Austria. Visitors experience one of the biggest names in the history of European art Austrian painter Gustav Klimt(1862-1968). The best part is the digital pictures that cover the display area, ____14____ portraits(肖像画) of women and girls.
After ____15____ Klimt’s most popular work, Brid Stenson from the Guardian wrote, “Rather than searching for a spot near a ... painting, I find myself wanting to reach into the space in front of me and touch the gold leaf of The Kiss and The Tree of Life as they are ____16____ cast(投射) around the room.”
Apart from the video images, background music also adds beauty to the exhibition. The art center includes soundtracks from many ____17____, including Polish pianist Frederic Chopin, and German ____18____ Ludwig van Beethoven.
The exhibition is a new way to bring ____19____ art into the 21st century. “Used for creative purposes, digital technology is ____20____ of creating links between eras(年代), increasing emotions, and reaching the largest possible audience,” said Bruno Monnier, president of Culture-spaces, an operator of museums and art centers in Paris.
【答案】11. J 12. F
13. C 14. E
15. G 16. A
17. I 18. K
19. H 20. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是法国新成立的数字艺术中心Atelier des Lumieres让游客得以走进艺术世界。
【11题详解】
考查动词。句意：大多数博物馆都要求我们与艺术品保持距离，但法国新成立的数字艺术中心Atelier des Lumieres却让游客得以走进艺术世界。由“our distance from the artworks”可知，此处是说“大多数博物馆都要求我们与艺术品保持距离”，keep one's distance from是固定短语，意为 “保持与......的距离”，故选J。
12题详解】
考查副词。句意：大多数博物馆都要求我们与艺术品保持距离，但法国新成立的数字艺术中心Atelier des Lumieres却让游客得以走进艺术世界。but表转折，与前面“_____ our distance from the artworks”相反，法国新成立的数字艺术中心Atelier des Lumieres让游客得以走进艺术世界，set foot inside是固定短语，意为 “走进”，因此空格处是inside，故选F。
【13题详解】
考查动词。句意：它16000平方英尺的大厅为艺术中心的投影展览提供了完美的地点。由“Its 16,000-square-foot hall _____ the perfect spot for the art center’s projection-based(基于投影的) exhibits”可知，它16000平方英尺的大厅为艺术中心的投影展览提供了完美的地点，provide sth. for...是固定短语，意为“为......提供......”，因此空格处是provides，故选C。
【14题详解】
考查介词。句意：最好的部分是覆盖展示区域的数码照片，包括妇女和女孩的肖像。由“the digital pictures”和“portraits(肖像画) of women and girls”可知，数码照片包括妇女和女孩的肖像，因此空格处是“包括”，即including，故选E。
【15题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：在看过克里姆特最受欢迎的作品后，《卫报》的布里德·斯滕森写道。由“Klimt’s most popular work”可知，此处表示“在感受过克里姆特最受欢迎的作品后”，因此空格处是“感受”，即experience，After是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，故选G。
【16题详解】
考查副词。句意：没有在画的附近寻找，我发现自己想要把手伸进我面前的空间，触摸《吻》和《生命之树》的金箔，因为它们被数字化地投射在房间里。由上一段的“the digital pictures”可知，画被数字化地投射在房间里，空格处是“数字化地”，用副词修饰动词cast，为digitally，故选A。
【17题详解】
考查动词。句意：艺术中心包括许多大师的原声带，包括波兰钢琴家肖邦和德国作曲家贝多芬。由后面的“including Polish pianist Frederic Chopin, and German_____ Ludwig van Beethoven”可知，波兰钢琴家肖邦和德国作曲家贝多芬都是大师，因此空格处是“大师”，是master，不止一个，因此用复数，故选I。
【18题详解】
考查名词。句意：艺术中心包括许多大师的原声带，包括波兰钢琴家肖邦和德国作曲家贝多芬。由“Ludwig van Beethoven”及常识可知，贝多芬是德国作曲家，因此空格处是“作曲家”，是composer，故选K。
【19题详解】
考查形容词。句意：此次展览是将古典艺术带入21世纪的新途径。由“art into the 21st century”和前面的“Polish pianist Frederic Chopin, and German_____ Ludwig van Beethoven”可知，句子表示“此次展览是将古典艺术带入21世纪的新途径”，因此空格处是“古典的”，即classical，故选H。
【20题详解】
考查形容词。句意：巴黎博物馆和艺术中心运营商Culture-spaces的总裁布鲁诺·莫尼尔(Bruno Monnier)说:“数字技术用于创意目的，能够在不同时代之间建立联系，增加情感，并接触到尽可能多的观众。”由“digital technology is_____ of creating links between eras”可知，数字技术能够在不同时代之间建立联系，因此空格处意为“能够”，是固定短语be capable of，空格处是capable，故选B。
III. Cloze
Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best the content.
From using a smiling emoji in messages to saying “cheese” when taking photos, most people believe that a smile is a sign of happiness. ____21____ some scientists don’t think so.
The ____22____ between smiles and happiness was recently studied by researchers at Brighton and Sussex Medical School(BSMS) in the UK. Their ____23____ found that smiling doesn’t necessarily show a person’s gladness. Instead, it usually ____24____ a tool in social contact.
In the study, 44 people aged between 18 and 35 took part in a quiz. The ____25____ had to answer nine difficult questions, while their facial expressions were recorded by computers. The participants were then asked to rate(评估) their own experiences when answering the questions. They were given 12 different emotions to ____26____, including “bored” and “interested”.
According to Science Daily, people always ____27____ the experiences that made them smile with “engagement(参与)”, ____28____ “happiness” or “interested”.
We normally associate a smiling person with cheerfulness. ____29____, a smile is more likely to be caused by a feeling of ____30____, reported Indian newspaper The Asian Age.
In order to ____31____ explain these results, the researchers checked the ____32____ of the participants answering each question.
According to the journal News Medical, the participants didn’t show any signs of smiling in their images when they were trying their best to find out the right answer.
However, when they were told whether their answer was ____33____ or not, they smiled. And more ____34____, they smiled more often when their answers were incorrect. It showed “their enjoyment of this game,” according to Science Daily.
“This ____35____ could be explained by self-ratings of engagement, rather than by ratings of happiness or frustration,” body language expert Harry Witchel told Science Daily.
21. A. But B. So C. Then D. And
22. A. difference B. connection C. similarity D. gap
23. A. report B. group C. study D. article
24. A. use as B. consider as C. look upon as D. serve as
25. A. participants B. people C. researchers D. members
26. A. describe B. choose from C. write down D. think of
27. A. thought B. believed C. matched D. considered
28. A. as well as B. except C. along with D. rather than
29. A. However B. Therefore C. Actually D. Generally
30. A. happiness B. engagement C. gladness D. cheerfulness
31. A. more B. double C. further D. right
32. A. results B. papers C. boards D. images
33. A. correct B. interesting C. doubtful D. good
34. A. seemingly B. surprisingly C. exactly D. amusingly
35. A. smile B. answer C. behavior D. engagement
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。从在信息中使用微笑表情符号到拍照时说“cheese”，大多数人认为微笑是幸福的标志。但一些科学家不这么认为,本文讲述了科学家的实验结果。
【21题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：但一些科学家不这么认为。A. But但是； B.So因此； C. Then然后； D. And并且。根据“most people believe that a smile is a sign of happiness. ”得知，前后观点不一致，表示转折。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：英国布莱顿和苏塞克斯医学院(BSMS)的研究人员最近研究了微笑和幸福之间的联系。A. difference不同； B. connection联系； C.similarity相似； D. gap沟壑。根据“most people believe that a smile is a sign of happiness. ”得知，研究人员研究的是它们之间的联系。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的研究发现，微笑并不一定表明一个人高兴。A.report 报道； B. group团队； C.study研究 ； D. article文章。根据“ was recently studied by researchers at Brighton and Sussex Medical School(BSMS) in the UK.. ”得知，这是研究的发现。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：相反，它通常是一种社交工具。A. use as用作； B. consider as当做； C. look upon as看做； D. serve as充当。根据“a tool in social contact.”得知，微笑只是充当交流工具。A、B、C要用被动语态。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：参与者必须回答9个难题，同时他们的面部表情会被电脑记录下来。A. participants参与者； B. people人们； C.researchers研究者； D. members成员。根据“In the study, 44 people aged between 18 and 35 took part in a quiz. ”得知，这是参与者们的回答。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词和短语词义辨析。句意：研究人员让他们在12种不同的情绪中进行选择，包括“无聊”和“感兴趣”。A. describe描述； B. choose from从中选择； C.write down写下； D. think of认为。根据“They were given 12 different emotions to ”得知，给选择要参与人员选择。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据《每日科学》,人们总是把他们微笑的经历与“参与”相匹配，而不是“幸福”或“感兴趣”。A.thought认为 ； B. believed相信； C. matched搭配； D. considered考虑。根据“We normally associate a smiling person with cheerfulness. ”，得知，这是实验中进行匹配。match ...with相匹配。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：根据《每日科学》,人们总是把他们微笑的经历与“参与”相匹配，而不是“幸福”或“感兴趣”。 A.as well as 和......一样； B. except除了； C. along with伴随；D. rather than而不是。根据“the experiences that made them smile with “engagement(参与) ”得知，研究表明人们不把微笑和幸福相匹配。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，据印度报纸《亚洲时代》报道，微笑更可能是由一种参与的感觉引起的。A. However然而； B.Therefore因此 ； C. Actually实际； D. Generally一般来说。根据“We normally associate a smiling person with cheerfulness. ”得知，研究结果和人们普遍想法不一致，表示转折。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，据印度报纸《亚洲时代》报道，微笑更可能是由一种参与的感觉引起的。A. happiness幸福； B.engagement 参与； C.gladness 高兴； D. cheerfulness快乐。根据“people always the experiences that made them smile with “engagement(参与)”, ”得知，研究表明微笑和参与有关。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词和副词词义辨析。句意：为了进一步解释这些结果，研究人员检查了参与者回答每个问题的图像。A.more更多的 ； B.double 双的； C. further进一步地； D. right正确的。根据“a smile is more likely to be caused by a feeling of , reported Indian newspaper The Asian Age.”得知，研究结果和人们普遍想法不一致,研究人员要进一步解释。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了进一步解释这些结果，研究人员检查了参与者回答每个问题的图像。A. results结果； B. papers论文； C.boards木板； D.images 形象。根据“ the participants didn’t show any signs of smiling in their images when they were trying their best to find out the right answer. ”得知，检查的是图像，原词复现。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，当被告知他们的答案是否正确时，他们笑了。A. correct正确的； B. interesting有趣的； C.doubtful怀疑的； D.good好的 。根据“ they smiled more often when their answers were incorrect. ”得知，这是在说实验中问题结果是否正确。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：更令人惊讶的是，当他们的答案不正确时，他们笑得更多。A. seemingly似乎； B. surprisingly惊讶； C.exactly准确地 ； D. amusingly搞笑地。根据“ they smiled more often when their answers were incorrect”得知，这是令人惊讶的结果。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，这种行为可以用投入的自我评分来解释，而不是用快乐或沮丧的评分。A. smile微笑；B. answer回答； C. behavior行为； D.engagement参与 。根据“ they smiled more often when their answers were incorrect. ”得知，这是一种行为。故选C。
【点睛】
IV. Reading Comprehension
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
The first two years of Stuart Singer’s retirement were pure play, killing time in the New York City by bike and visiting museums and art galleries.
“At some point, I realised I should do more than this,” said Mr Singer, a former high school teacher.
Now Mr Singer, 74, and his wife Madine, 69, are involved in the Retired and Senior Volunteer Programme. Mr Singer volunteers with the Community Health Advocates Programme, which started in 2010. The programme helps consumers to know better about the health insurance coverage(医疗保险). And it helps them to find access to low-cost or free care. Mr Singer’s main task is to answer phones for the Community Health Advocates’ helpline.
“There are lots of calls from different people who need medical care, but they can’t get it because their insurance company won’t pay for it,” he said. “And you got to go through doctors, and get the papers filled out. But when you get it done, yeah, it feels good.”
The helpline helps about 250 callers each week and has saved consumers $12.1 million since it began. Mr Singer comes in once a week, helping 10 callers every shift. In total, he estimates he has saved New Yorkers $443,000.
Despite the challenges, the work is a joy, not drudgery for Mr Singer, which inspired his wife to sign up for volunteer training after she retired in late 2014 as vice president of the Insurance Information Institute. It put her fear of retirement at ease.
Mrs Singer trained with the Advocacy, Counseling and Entitlement Services Project before being placed with the Actor’s Fund, a national human services organization for performing arts and entertainment professionals founded in 1882. “It just seems so unfair that these people have trouble finding housing,” said Mrs Singer. Since she started in early 2015, Mrs Singer has had more than 270 appointments with clients, from ticket takers to screenwriters to dancers. “Having someone help them really means a lot to them,” Mrs Singer said.
Much of her work is helping clients who are applying for affordable housing sort through a variety of income sources they receive. “It keeps the mind going,” Mrs Singer said. “It keeps the social life going, and I’m doing something.”
36. In paragraph 2, this refers to_________.
A. riding bikes in New York City B. visiting museums and art galleries
C. spending Mr Singer’s life purely for fun D. teaching in a high school
37. The word drudgery in paragraph 6 most probably means ________.
A. tiring training B. boring work
C inspiring training D. exciting work
38. What does Mrs Singer think of her volunteer work
A. Meaningful. B. Easy. C. Affordable. D. Relaxing.
39. Which of the following is the best title for this passage
A. Live a Simple Life after Retirement
B. Adapt to Social Life after Retirement
C. Find Rewards in Volunteering after Retirement
D. Overcome Difficulties in Volunteering after Retirement
【答案】36. C 37. B 38. A 39. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了主人公Stuart Singer退休后在志愿者工作中获得了乐趣，收获了人生意义的故事。
【详解】1.词句猜测题。根据第一段“The first two years of Stuart Singer’s retirement were pure play, killing time in the New York City by bike and visiting museums and art galleries.”（Stuart Singer退休后头两年纯粹是玩耍，骑自行车在纽约市消磨时间，参观博物馆和艺术画廊。）可知，Stuart Singer退休后的时间纯属用来玩耍，后来他意识到应该不止做这些，所以this是指“Stuart Singer的生活纯粹是为了娱乐”。故选C。
2.词句猜测题。根据第六段第一句“the work is a joy”（这工作是一种乐趣）和not可知，not后的意思和前面相反，所以是“无聊的”。故选B。
3.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Having someone help them really means a lot to them”（有人帮助他们对他们来说意义重大）可知，他认为他的志愿者工作很有意义。故选A。
4.主旨大意题。文章前三段讲述了Stuart Singer退休后找了一份志愿者工作，后五段讲述了Stuart Singer在志愿者工作中获得了乐趣，收获了意义。所以文章的标题应为“休后参加志愿活动获得回报”。故选C。
(B)
Part-time jobs for 15 and 16 years olds
Waiter / Waitress A job as a waiter or waitress is a good choice for 16-year-olds. Not only can one earn $9 - $12 an hour, but they can also get the tips. Most people that visit a restaurant don't just have good food. They come here to relax and have a good time. Besides serving food quickly, a young waiter who talks to them politely with a smile on his face will make the diners enjoy their time at the restaurant.
Work in a libraryIf one is fond of books, working in a library is another suitable choice. Besides the pay is good, it offers a lot of free time when students can actually sit down and finish their homework. So on returning home, they would have time to hang around with friends or just relax. So working in a library is an excellent part-time job for teens, especially for school students.
Internet jobs There are many ways of making money through online jobs like clicking on advertisements, visiting sites and signing up with them. However, such online jobs don't pay well. A better Internet job for teens is to complete online surveys. These are quite simple surveys that usually ask one about his / her opinions and ideas. Many companies use these ideas to make products designed for teenagers.
40. What does the writer think of the job as a waiter / waitress
A. It needs a period of training
B. It pays much more than other jobs.
C. It can improve one's leadership skills.
D. Making diners comfortable is part of the job.
41. The writer wrote this text to ________.
A. tell us the importance of doing part-time jobs
B. advise teenagers how to choose a part-time job
C. teach young people how to make lots of money
D. introduce his / her experience of doing part-time jobs
42. Why do some companies ask the teens to do surveys
A. The teens have more free time.
B. They can pay less to the teens.
C. They need advice to make products for teens.
D. The teens usually express their true opinions.
【答案】40. D 41. B 42. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。介绍给年轻人一些兼职工作的建议，包括服务员，图书馆的工作，和网络的工作。介绍了适合这些工作的人和如何做好这些工作。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Besides serving food quickly, a young waiter who talks to them politely with a smile on his face will make the diners enjoy their time at the restaurant.( 除了快速上菜，一个年轻的服务员，他的脸上带着微笑和他们礼貌地交谈，会使用餐者享受在餐厅的时间。)”可知，服务生的工作内容除上菜外还有责任使用餐者整个用餐过程心情愉悦，微笑服务。故选D项。
【41题详解】
主旨大意题。综合全文，第一段作者介绍了服务生工作及如何做好服务生工作，第二段介绍了图书馆打工也非常适合青少年，第三段介绍网络兼职也有适合青少年的，由此可知作者在向青少年推荐一些适合自己的兼职工作。故选B项。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“A better Internet job for teens is to complete online surveys. These are quite simple surveys that usually ask one about his / her opinions and ideas. Many companies use these ideas to make products designed for teenagers.( 对青少年来说，较好的网络工作是完成在线调查。这些是非常简单的调查，通常询问一个人的意见和想法。许多公司利用这些想法来为青少年设计产品)”可知，一些公司，进行网络问卷调查是为了设计青少年喜欢的产品。故选C项。
C
Making great memories in US neighborhoods
Sometimes, we remember our childhood neighborhood just as well, or even better than, our childhood homes. For both children and adults, neighborhoods are a place to play, learn, and make memories.
In the majority of US suburbs, almost everyone knows each other on the ing home together on the bus is usually just the beginning of neighboring children spending time together. Whether it’s playing soccer or chasing each other around on bikes, kids often take advantage of the daylight to get some fresh air outside. When it’s hot, children can jump in a pool together. And when it’s cold, they can have a snowball fight with one another.
Adults also take advantage of living in a community by befriending their neighbors. It’s convenient for neighbors to become friends, considering that they live so close together. Neighbors are often the ones to babysit or dog-sit for each other.
If someone holds a party, neighbors might lend some space for guests to park their cars in. And if the postman or woman mixes up the mail, neighbors are are more than happy to return it back to its rightful owner. Having kind and caring neighbors can make a world of difference in how a person views their home. To some people, a home may not be just the house they live in, but also the community they’re a part of.
Besides from helping each other out, neighbors often get together for block parties. Block parties usually occur in the summer, when the weather is warm, and the sun stays out late. Kids can play games, and adults bring delicious treats and socialize. There are even some occasions(场合) when local firefighters will bring their fire trucks to the party.
Neighborhoods, just like homes, come in all different shapes and sizes. Some neighborhoods may contain over 100 people, while others may only have a few people. But whatever the size, neighborhoods can be a powerful and memorable part of our lives, filled with neighbors we’ll always remember.
43. What do children usually do with their neighbors, according to Paragraph 2
A. Play together outside. B. Do volunteer work.
C. Walk dogs together. D. Study in groups.
44. How would the author probably describe the relationship between neighbors in US suburbs
A. Serious. B. Friendly. C. Troubled. D. Cold.
45. What can we learn about block parties
A. They’re held regularly throughout the year.
B. They’re mainly held to welcome new neighbors.
C. Fire trucks are always brought to the parties.
D. They’re good places to socialize at.
46. The author wrote this article mainly to ________.
A. introduce the daily life of US children.
B. compare communities in the US and China.
C. explain why neighborhoods can be important to Americans.
D. share the good memories of her childhood neighborhood.
【答案】43. A 44. B 45. D 46. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是美国社区对人的重要性。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Whether it’s playing soccer or chasing each other around on bikes, kids often take advantage of the daylight to get some fresh air outside. When it’s hot, children can jump in a pool together. And when it’s cold, they can have a snowball fight with one another.（无论是踢足球还是骑着自行车互相追逐，孩子们经常利用阳光去外面呼吸新鲜空气。天热的时候，孩子们可以一起在游泳池里跳。当天气冷的时候，他们可以互相打雪仗。）”可知，孩子们通常在外面和邻居们一起玩，故选A。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“If someone holds a party, neighbors might lend some space for guests to park their cars in. And if the postman or woman mixes up the mail, neighbors are are more than happy to return it back to its rightful owner. Having kind and caring neighbors can make a world of difference in how a person views their home.（如果有人举办聚会，邻居们可能会借给客人一些地方停车。如果邮递员或女邮递员把邮件弄混了，邻居们会非常乐意把邮件归还给它的合法主人。有善良和关心的邻居可以影响一个人对家的看法）”可推知，作者可能将美国郊区邻居之间的关系描述为友好的，故选B。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Kids can play games, and adults bring delicious treats and socialize. （孩子们可以玩游戏，成年人带着美味的食物和来社交。）”可知，街区聚会是社交的好地方。故选D。
【46题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“For both children and adults, neighborhoods are a place to play, learn, and make memories.（对于孩子和成年人来说，社区都是一个玩耍、学习和创造回忆的地方。）”可知，本文主要讲的是社区对人的重要性，因此作者写这篇文章主要是为了解释为什么邻里关系对美国人很重要。故选C。
(D)
Ever walked to the shops only to find, once there, you’ve completely forgotten what you went for Or struggled to remember the name of an old friend For years we’ve accepted that a forgetful brain is as much a part of aging as wrinkles and gray hair. But now a new book suggests that we’ve got it all wrong.
According to The Secret Life of the Grown-up Brain, by science writer Barbara Strauch, when it comes to the important things, our brains actually get better with age. In fact, she argues that some studies have found that our brain hits its peak between our 40s and 60s — much later than previously thought.
Furthermore, rather than losing many brain cells as we age, we keep them, and even produce new ones well into middle age. For years it’s been assumed that brain, much like the body, declines with age. But the longest, largest study into what happens to people as they age suggests otherwise.
This continuing research has followed 6,000 people since 1956, testing them every seven years. It has found that on average, participants performed better on cognitive (认知的) tests in their 40s and 50s than they had done in their 20s. Specifically, older people did better on tests of vocabulary, verbal memory (how many words you can remember) and problem solving. Where they performed less well was number ability and perceptual speed — how fast you can push a button when ordered. However, with more complex tasks such as problem-solving and language, we are at our best at middle age and beyond. In short, researchers are now coming up with scientific proof that we do get wiser with age.
Neuroscientists are also finding that we are happier with aging. A recent US study found older people were much better at controlling and balancing their emotions. It is thought that when we’re younger we need to focus more on the negative aspects of life in order to learn about the possible dangers in the world, but as we get older we’ve learned our lessons and are aware that we have less time left in life: therefore, it becomes more important for us to be happy.
47. Barbara Strauch probably agrees that ______.
A. the young are better at handling important things
B. wrinkles and gray hair are the only symbols of aging
C. aging leads to the decline of the function of the brain
D. people’s brains work best between their 40s and 60s
48. The continuing research has found older people perform better on ______.
A. vocabulary tests B. number ability
C. perceptual speed D. body balance
49. People are happier with aging because ______.
A. they know how to share feelings B. they learn to value the time left
C. they cannot focus on negative aspects D. they do not realize the possible dangers
50. What is the main idea of the passage
A. People get happier with age. B. People get more forgetful with age.
C. People get wiser with age. D. People get more self-aware with age.
【答案】47. D 48. A 49. B 50. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述的内容是随着年龄的增长，确实会变得更聪明。同样发现，人也会越来越开心。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的In fact, she argues that some studies have found that our brain hits its peak between our 40s and 60s她认为一些研究已经发现，我们的大脑在40岁到60岁之间达到顶峰，可知Barbara Strauch人们的大脑在40到60岁之间工作得最好，故选D项。
【48题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的Specifically, older people did better on tests of vocabulary, verbal memory (how many words you can remember) and problem solving. 持续的研究发现，老年人在词汇测试、语言记忆(你能记住多少单词)和解决问题方面表现得更好。故选A项。
【49题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的as we get older we’ve learned our lessons and are aware that we have less time left in life : therefore, it becomes more important for us to be happy.随着年龄的增长我们学到教训，意识到我们还剩下更少的时间活着，因此,快乐对于我们来说更重要。由此可以推知，随着年龄的增长，人们会更快乐，因为他们学会珍惜剩下的时间，故选B项。
【50题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文和第五段的In short, researchers are now coming up with scientific proof that we do get wiser with age.可知本文主要讲述的内容是随着年龄的增长，确实会变得更聪明，故选C项。
(E)
As you grow older, you’ll be faced with some challenging decisions. Some don’t have a clear right or wrong answer—like should you play soccer or field hockey.____51____.
Making decisions on your own is hard enough, but when other people get involved and try to pressure you one way or another it can be even harder. People who are your age, like your classmates, are called peers. When they try to influence how you act, to get you to do something, it’s called peer pressure.
Peers can have a positive influence on each other. You might admire a friend who is always a good sportsman and try to be more like him or her. ____52____ For example, a few kids in school might try to get you to cut class with them.
Some kids give in to peer pressure because they want to be liked, to fit in, or because they worry that other kids might make fun of them. The idea that ‘everyone’s doing it’ can influence some kids to leave their better judgments, or their common sense, behind.
____53____ Paying attention to your own feelings and beliefs about what is right and wrong can help you know the right thing to do.
Even if you are faced with peer pressure while you are alone, you can simply stay away from peers who pressure you to do stuff you know is wrong.
If you continue to face peer pressure and you’re finding it difficult to handle, talk to someone you trust. _____54_____
A. You might follow whatever he or she does.
B. But sometimes peers influence each other in negative ways.
C. Talk to the peer who pressure you and you will feel much better.
D. It is tough to be the only one who says ‘no’ to peer pressure, but you can’t do it.
E. Other decisions involve serious moral questions, like whether to cut class, try cigarettes, or lie to your parents.
F. Talking to a parent, teacher, or school counselor can help you feel much better and prepare you for the next time you face peer pressure.
【答案】51. E 52. B 53. D 54. F
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章向青少年讲述如何处理peer pressure（同辈压力）的建议。
【51题详解】
由上一句“随着年龄的增长，你将面临一些具有挑战性的决定。有些人没有明确的对错答案，比如你应该踢足球或曲棍球。”可知，承接上文，E选项“其他的决定涉及到一些严肃的道德问题，比如是否该减课、尝试吸烟或对父母撒谎。”切题。该选项中的Other decisions对应上文中的some challenging decisions，而且some…others…，是固定用法，意为“一些……另一些……”。故选E项。
【52题详解】
由下一句“例如，学校里的几个孩子可能会试图让你和他们一起逃课。”可知，承接下文，B选项“但有时同龄人以消极的方式相互影响。”切题。该选项中的in negative ways与下文中的get you to cut class with them这种不良行为对应。故选B项。
【53题详解】
由第四段第一句“有些孩子屈服于同龄人的压力，因为他们想被人喜欢，融入社会，或者担心其他孩子会取笑他们。”和空后下一句“注意自己关于是对是错的感觉和信念可以帮助你知道该做什么。”可知，承接上下文，D选项“很难成为一个拒绝同龄人压力的人，但你不能这么做。”切题。该选项中的“tough to be the only one who says ‘no’ to peer pressure”与上文的give in to peer pressure 相对应；而且该选项中的you can do it与下文“help you know the right thing to do” 相对应。故选D项。
【54题详解】
由上一句“如果你继续面临同龄人的压力，而且你觉得很难处理，那就和你信任的人谈谈。”可知，承接上文，F选项“与家长、老师或学校辅导员交谈可以帮助你感觉好多了，为下次面对同龄人的压力做好准备。”切题。该选项中的Talking to a parent, teacher, or school counselor与上文中的talk to someone you trust相对应。故选F项。
【点睛】第一、通读全文，了解文章大意。这是一个泛读的过程，目的是了解文章大意，为以后的理解做铺垫。
第二、明确关联关系。任何句子都是要么和上文有联系，要么和下文有联系，要么和上下文都有联系。例如第1、4小题都与它们的前一句有联系。
第三、带入通读，复查。
做完题目切忌直接离开，这时我们很有必要将自己修正好的文章通读一遍，将其看做一片行文通顺语意连贯的文章来读，这是如果感到有含义不连贯的地方，很有可能是我们填错了空，就要复查了，注意：六选四的特点在于，错一道，往往还会错另外的一道或几道，我们叫做“连错”，所以当你发现自己有一处填的有问题时，一定要同时检查其它空。
第二卷
I. Verb Filling
55. My new novel _____________(publish) by the end of this year. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】will be published
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：我的新小说将于今年年底出版。此处缺乏谓语，由时间状语 by the end of this year可知，时态用一般将来时，主语My new novel和谓语动词publish是被动关系，用一般将来时的被动语态（will be done）。故填will be published。
56. The students________ (write) busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she had left in the office. (所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】were writing
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语法一致。句意：当布朗小姐去办公室拿一本书时，学生们正忙着写作。设空处为主句谓语，根据时间状语从句可知主句谓语用过去进行时，主语是The students，谓语是复数，故填were writing。
57. Did you predict that so many students ________ (volunteer) for the Clean Your Plate campaign （所给单词适当形式填空）
【答案】would volunteer
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：你预料到会有那么多的学生自愿参加“光盘行动”吗 从did和predict看出此句说的是从过去的时间看即将发生的事，即过去将来时。故填would volunteer。
58. The teacher told the pupils that salt water ________ (freeze) at a lower temperature than fresh water. (所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】freezes
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：老师告诉学生们盐水结冰的温度比淡水低。“盐水结冰的温度比淡水低”是客观事实用一般现在时，宾语从句的主语water是不可数名词。故填freezes。
59. I ________ (wait) for Tom for 2 hours since 5: 00. I wonder if he has lost his way. (所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】have waited##have been waiting
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：从5点起我已经等了汤姆两个小时了。我想知道他是不是迷路了。根据后文since 5:00可知应用完成时，此处可用现在完成时，表示过去所发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或产生的结果；也可用现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去某时开始发生，一直延续到现在或离现在不远的时间，并可能延续下去的动作，主语为I，助动词用have。故填have waited/have been waiting。
60. This time tomorrow, the doctor ________(operate) on a patient. (所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】will be operating
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：明天这个时候，医生将给一个病人做手术。根据时间状语“This time tomorrow”，可知用将来进行时态。故填will be operating。
61. On Saturday afternoon, Mrs. Green went to the market ,________(buy) some bananas and visited her cousin. (所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】bought
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：周六下午，格林太太去市场，买了一些香蕉，拜访了她的表妹。分析句子可知，表示过去发生的一系列动作用一般过去时。and连接并列谓语went，put和visited，故填bought。
62. Once he makes up his mind, you ________ (not make) him change his mind. (所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】won’t make
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：一旦他下定决心，你就不能让他改变主意。once引导的状语从句用一般现在时表将来，主句用一般将来时。故填won’t make。
【点睛】
63. No permission ________ (give) for anybody to enter the hall so far. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has been given
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，还没有允许任何人进入大厅。根据句意和句中“so far”可知，句中动作开始于过去并持续到现在，应用现在完成时，“give”意为“给”，动词词性，句子主语“permission”与“give”之间为被动关系，句子应用现在完成时的被动语态，句式为“主语+have/has been done+其他”，“permission”与“has”连用，“give”的过去分词为“given”，故空格处应填“has been given”。故填has been given。
64. Your car ________ (repair) in the garage now. So you have to wait for another hour. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】is being repaired
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：你车正在修车厂修理。所以你得再等一个小时。主语Your car和谓语动词repair是被动关系，由now和you have to wait for another hour可知，车是正在被修，因此空格处用现在进行时的被动语态，即is/are being done，主语Your car是单数，因此空格处用is being repaired，故填is being repaired。
II. Choose the right phrase in its proper form
根据句意，选择单词或短语并以其适当形式填空。
tempt ignore in memory of hold back in the context of relate....to .. make sure set foot on expect tear
65. Rob ________between becoming a doctor and a career in athletics.
66. On hearing that she failed the exam, the girl raised her head ________tears.
67. This is the third time that I ________Spain. However, I still feel confused.
68. This speech needs to be set ________Britain in the 1960s.
69. ---Can Robert win the first place for running
---Impossible now. He ________to, but he has just hurt his leg.
70. My wife________to buy something that we didn’t actually want by false advertisement by the time I came back.
71. A film will be made ________those brave firefighters.
72. The basic requirements of your paper is that the topic you choose should ________your major.
73. Please ________that all the electronic devices remain turned off during the performance.
74. Experts think that children’s little progress should not ________ by their parents.
【答案】65. Is/was torn
66. to hold back
67. have set foot on
68. in the context of
69. was expected
70. had been tempted
71. in memory of
72. be related to
73. make sure
74. be ignored
【解析】
【65题详解】
考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：罗伯在成为医生和从事体育运动之间左右为难。由“between becoming a doctor and a career in athletics”可知，句子表示“罗伯在成为医生和从事体育运动之间左右为难”，因此空格处是“（尤指选择或做决定）使折磨，使无法抉择”，是tear，他是被折磨，因此用被动语态，根据语境，时态可用一般现在时，也可为一般过去时，主语Rob是单数，因此空格处是is/was torn。故填is/was torn。
【66题详解】
考查不定式和固定短语。句意：听到考试不及格，女孩抬起头来强忍住眼泪。由“On hearing that she failed the exam, the girl raised her head”可知，听到考试不及格，女孩抬起头来强忍住眼泪，空格处为“抑制”，是固定短语hold back，用不定式表目的，故填to hold back。
【67题详解】
考查现在完成时，固定短语和主谓一致。句意：这是我第三次踏上西班牙。然而，我仍然感到困惑。由Spain可知，我是去西班牙，空格处是“踏上”，是固定短语set foot on，This is the+序数词+that sb. have done是固定句型，意为“这是某人第几次做某事”，因此空格处是现在完成时，主语I是第一人称，因此空格处用have set foot on，故填have set foot on。
【68题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：这次演讲需要以20世纪60年代的英国为背景。由“Britain in the 1960s”可知，句子表示“这次演讲需要以20世纪60年代的英国为背景”，因此空格处是“以......为背景”，是固定短语in the context of，故填in the context of。
【69题详解】
考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：---罗伯特能赢得赛跑第一名吗 ---现在不可能的。他本该来的，但他刚刚伤了腿。由“but he has just hurt his leg”可知，他本该来的，但他刚刚伤了腿，be expected to do是固定短语，意为“应该做某事”，主语He是第三人称单数，且句子表示他过去该来的，因此时态用一般过去时，空格处为was expected。故填was expected。
【70题详解】
考查过去完成时的被动语态。句意：当我回来的时候，我的妻子被虚假广告引诱着买了一些我们实际上并不想要的东西。由“buy something that we didn’t actually want by false advertisement”可知，我的妻子被虚假广告引诱着买了一些我们实际上并不想要的东西，空格处是“引诱”，是tempt；by the time引导时间状语从句时，主句用完成时，由“I came back”是过去时可知，主句的动作发生在过去的过去，因此时态用过去完成时，我的妻子是被引诱，因此空格处用过去完成时的被动语态，即had been tempted，故填had been tempted。
【71题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：为了纪念那些勇敢的消防队员，将制作一部电影。由“those brave firefighters”可知，是为了纪念那些勇敢的消防队员，空格处是“为了纪念”，是固定短语in memory of，故填in memory of。
【72题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：论文的基本要求是选题要与专业相关。由“the topic you choose should_____your major”可知，句子表示“选题要与专业相关”，因此空格处意为“和......相关”，是固定短语be related to，should是情态动词，其后跟动词原形，故填be related to。
【73题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：演出期间，请确保所有电子设备处于关闭状态。由“that all the electronic devices remain turned off”可知，请确保所有电子设备处于关闭状态，空格处意为“确保”，是固定短语make sure，此处为祈使句，使用动词原形，故填make sure。
【74题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：专家认为，孩子的小小进步不应该被父母忽视。由“children’s little progress”可知，孩子的小小进步不应该被父母忽视，空格处是“忽视”，即ignore，需用被动语态，should是情态动词，其后跟动词原形，因此空格处是be ignored，故填be ignored。
III. Translation
75. 结果证明他写的第一本科幻小说非常成功。(turn) (汉译英）
【答案】It turned out that the first science fiction he wrote was very successful.
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句，主语从句和时态。根据提示可知“结果证明”可以用短语turn out，主语用形式主语it，真正的主语从句用that连接，从句主语是“第一本科幻小说”，英文表达为“the first science fiction”，谓语用be动词，表语“成功的”，英文表达为 “successful”，“他写的”修饰名词作定语，可以用定语从句he wrote表达，先行词在从句中作宾语，关系代词可以省略，本句描述过去事实，应用一般过去时，故翻译为It turned out that the first science fiction he wrote was very successful.
76. 让我尴尬的是他对我的衣服品头论足。（comment) (汉译英）
【答案】What embarrassed me was that he made comments on my clothes.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词性从句和时态。引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，应用what引导；表示“使尴尬”应用动词embarrass，作谓语；此处为“主系表”结构，be动词后跟that引导的表语从句；从句主语为he；表示“对……评头论足”短语为make comments on sth.；句子应用一般过去时。故翻译为What embarrassed me was that he made comments on my clothes.
77. 父母总是对孩子的期望过高，这使得他们压力很大。（expect）（汉译英）
【答案】Parents always expect too much of children, which makes them under great pressure.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查时态、定语从句和动词。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，根据句子结构可知，句子应用定语从句，主句为“Parents always expect too much of children”，表示“父母总是对孩子的期望过高”，“expect”意为“期待，盼望”，动词词性，“expect too much of sb.”意为“对某人期望太高”，句中应用“which”引导的非限制性定语从句，“which”代指“父母总是对孩子的期望过高”这件事，在从句中作主语，“which makes them under great pressure”表示“这使得他们压力很大”，“under great pressure”意为“在巨大的压力之下”。故翻译为Parents always expect too much of children, which makes them under great pressure.
78. 如果你总是对别人的话挑三拣四而不反思自己的态度，你是不可能交到朋友的。（reflect) (汉译英）
【答案】If you are always finding fault with what others said and don’t reflect on your attitude, it is impossible for you to make friends.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动词，时态，名词性从句和条件状语从句。结合所给词汇可知使用短语reflect on，意为：反思。前半句使用if引导的条件状语从句，主语是you，用现在进行时和always连用表示厌烦的感彩，“对别人挑三拣四”用find fault with，后接what引导的宾语从句what others said ，时态用一般过去时，即If you are always finding fault with what others said；再用and连接并列成分，“不反思自己的态度”用don’t reflect on you attitude，用一般现在时。后半句是主句，用it作形式主语，动词不定式to make friends作真正的主语，可以说成：it is impossible for you to make friends。故翻译为：If you are always finding fault with what others said and don’t reflect on your attitude, it is impossible for you to make friends.
