【拔高版】【中考英语重难点语法复习专题】第二讲：简单句和并列句（含习题+答案）

第二讲：简单句和并列句
专题概述：
简单句是只有一个主语(或并列主语) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )和一个谓语(或并列谓语)的句子。根据句子的功能可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。陈述句用来陈述一件事或表达一种看法，有肯定和否定两种形式，句末通常用句号。疑问句是用以提问的句子，句末用问号。疑问句又分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。祈使句是用以表示命令、请求或建议的句子，通常省略主语。感叹句是用以表达快乐、痛苦等强烈感情的句子，感叹句有用what或how开头的两种形式。并列句是指由两个或两个以上的并列分句构成的句子。并列句的分句间没有修饰和被修饰的关系，也没有限定或被限定的关系，其间的关联是靠并列连词实现的。
并列结构的各种形式
词与词的并列　 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )　→　　 you and me buy and sell
词组与词组的并列 　→　 a teacher and a student
walking down the st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )reet or running through an alley
分句与分句的并列 　→　 you can go or you can stay with us.
The children can go with us or they can stay at home.
语法考点：
1. 两个并列概念或者表示在两者之间选择一个，前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。　　
2. 表明两个概念彼此有矛盾、相反或者转折, 常用连接词有but,yet,still ,however等,前后分句时态一致。　　
3. 说明原因, 用连接词for；表示结果,用连接词so。前后分句时态一致。　
4. 并列句中的各简单句同等重要，没有从属关系，是并列的关系，之间用并列连词连接。
5. 并列连词在句子中位置比较固定,必须位于所连接的并列单位之间;两个并列连词不能并用。
并列结构
一、表示平行、递进关系的连词
1. A and B: A和B ：And连接两个并列成分
The fabric is light and strong.
I like reading and fishing in my spare time.
This model of the co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mputer is powerful, and the price is competitive.
It was a severe winter. And we had not enough food for ourselves.
2. both A and B： A和B都。
The new tax policy benefits both workers and farmers.
Both she and I are interested in English literature.
3. not only…but ( ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )also)…不仅…而且…； not only…but…as well不仅…而且…也 ；as well as和；…and…as well和
Not only George but also his wife did a lot for us.
It is said that he can fly a plane as well as drive a car.
She can play pop music and classical music as well.
二、表示选择关系的连词
1. neither A nor B: A和B都不
Einstein cared for ne ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ither money nor fame. You can neither take it out nor photocopy it.
You can never take it out or photocopy it.
2. or或者，大约，否则，不然
Do you stay at home alone or go to theatre with me
You'll have to wait one or two days before you know the result.
Hurry up, or we'll be late.
Have one more try, or you won't be successful.
Either he didn't speak clearly or you didn't hear well.
三、表示转折和对比意义的并列连词：but（但是），yet（然而），while（而，却）等
After a busy day, I felt tired but happy.
Difficulties wil ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l arise in the course of reforming. But we will certainly overcome them.
He was not feeling well, yet he kept on until it was done.
China is rich in natural resources, while Japan is poor.
四、表示因果关系的并列连词so（因此，所以），for（因为）
Many directors were absent, so the meeting had to be postponed.
He must have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) done something wrong, for the head teacher called him to the office.
第二讲课堂练习
单项选择1
1. Help others w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )henever you can you'll make the world a nicer place to live.
A. and B. or C. unless D. but
2. These story b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ooks for children are awfully written. They are interesting exciting.
A. either, or B. neither, nor C. both, and D. not only, but also
3. —Would you like to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) go to the concert with me —I'd love to, I'm afraid I have no time.
A. so B. or C. and D. but
4. —Where was your brother at this time last night
—He was writing an e-mail I was watching TV at home.
A. as soon a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s B. after C. until D. while
5. you your brother can join us. We want one of you.
A. Both, and B. Neither, nor C. Either, or D. Not only, but also
6. _______ the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) story is short and there are no new words in it, it is difficult to understand.
A. But　 B. Though　 C. And　 D. For
7. —Mom, shall ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) we have supper now —Oh, we won't have supper ___ your dad comes back.
A. until B. since C. while D. after
8. He won't pass the exam ______he works hard.
A. whenever B. because C. if D. unless
9. Tony is a quiet student, he is active in class.
A. so B. and C. but D. or
10. They will lose the game they try their best,
A. unless B. once C. since D. after
11. You won't fe ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )el happy at school _______ you get on well with your classmates.
A. though B. when C. unless D. because
12. This is my ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )twin sister, Lucy. Not only she but also I _______ good at drawing.
A. is B. am C. are D. can
13. The restaur ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ant is nice and the food is not bad. _______I still prefer eating at home.
A. And B. But C. So D. Or
14. Be quick, ＿＿＿we’ll be late for school.
A. and B. or C. so D. but
15. The rain is very heavy________ we have to stay at home.
A. but B. because C. so D. and
16．—I don't ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )think your uncle really likes drama series．—No, ___ he still watches the programme．
A．and B．so C．or D．but
17. You have coughed f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )or several days, Bill. Stop smoking,________ you’ll get better soon.
A. but B. after C. or D. and
18. —_______Rose _______Jack watched Prince William's wedding on TV yesterday.
— What a pity! They missed the exciting moment.
A. Both, and ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. Not only; but also C. Either; or D. Neither, nor
19. The box was too ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )heavy for me to carry, _______I pulled it into my room.
A. so B. and C. but D. or
20. I ______ believe it _______ I see it with my own eyes.
A. won't; and B. will; but C. will; until D. won't; until
用适当的并列连词填空（and，but，so，for，or）。
1．Go along the street，_______ you'll find the shop．
2．The weather was very cold，_______ many people were ill．
3．People thi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nk we look the same，_______ I can see that we're different．
4．I know him _______ I can't remember his name．
5．You may go with him _______ stay at home alone．
6．Let's take the stone away，_______ there may be an accident．
7．The shop was quite new，_______ it had opened only the week before．
8．My glasses were broken，_______ I need a new pair．
单项选择2
1. ——Lucy，you wash ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the dishes，___ ？—— Mom，can't Lily do it？ It’s her turn to do it.
A. don't you B. can you C. shall you D. will you
2. ___air is to man，so is water to fish.
A. Since B. Just C. Like D. As
3 . The students of the music school study ____.
A. music but also ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) some other subjects B. some other subjects as well as music
C. music as ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )well as some other subjects D. some other subjects and music
4．So far all clo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ned animals have suffered from some different serious disorders, ____ dying soon after birth.
A. many of which B. many of whom C. many of them D. many of that
5. —— I don't lik ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e chicken ___ fish. —— I don't like chicken，___I like fish very much.
A. and； and B. and； but C. or； but D. or； and
6. Another minute, _____ I will work out it.
A. and B.or C.but D.so
7 . I don't suppose anyone will go there，___？
A. do I B. don't I C. will they D. won't they
8. There is plenty ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of rain in the south __ there is little in the north.
A. while B. as C. when D. so
9. ___several tim ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es about it，but he could not give the correct answer.
A. Being asked B. Having been asked C. He would ask D. He had been asked
10. Who do you think the doctor will have___first，John or Kate？
A. examine B. to examine C. examining D. examined
11. __the text a second time，the meaning will become clearer to you.
A. Read B. Reading C. If reading D. When you read
12. ___help ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )if you can，and our country will improve more quickly and better.
A. Giving B. Give C. Given D. To give
13.It's cold. Linda,close the window,______
A. will you B. doesn't she C. won't you D. does she
14.Seeing Lihua hold a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) basketball and going out of classroom,I shouted to him“__ till I finish the last word.”
A. waiting B.wait C. to wait D waited
15.- -You have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n't been to Hongkong, have you ---___________. How I wish to go there again!
A. Yes, I have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. Yes, I haven't C. No, I have D. No, I haven't
第二讲课后练习
1. His face turned red ________ he felt shy.
A. for B. but C. so D. and
2. He never drinks ________ smokes.
A. and B. but C. or D. so
3. Call a taxi, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )________ you won't be ale to catch the underground train.
A. and B. or C. but D. so
4. Li Lei found a watch in the street, ________ he picked it up.
A. or B. but C. and D. so
5. You needn't sweep the floor, ________ it's very clean.
A. and B. but C. or D. for
6. Chinese dish ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es are delicious, ________ cooking takes a lot of time.
A. for B. so C. but D. and
7. Neither of them is in good health, ________ both work very hard.
A. and B. but C. then D. so
8. Tom works very hard, ________ he still failed in the exam.
A. yet B. so C. and D. or
9. The sky was clear, ________ the sun was shining.
A. but B. and C. or D. for
10. Hide behind the tree, ________ he will see and catch you.
A. and B. or C. but D. yet
11. I felt tired after the work, ________ I took a long rest.
A. so B. but C. for D. or
12. I hate smoking, ________ I don't like drinking, either.
A. though B. but C. and D. for
13. Hurry up, ________ you'll be lat for the early bus.
A. and B. then C. but D. or
14. The man lives simply, for he ________ for a long time.
A. has been out of w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ork B. has lost his works C. was out of his work D.was lost his job
15. Everyone is here, ________ Li Lei isn't.
A. or B. but C. and D. yet
16. I am a student ________ my brother is a doctor.
A. or B. yet C. and D. so
17. He didn't answer her, ________ he asked her a question.
A. that B. if C. or D. yet
18. Everyone in our ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )class has finished their homework, ________ Lin Tao didn't.
A. but B. or C. and D. so
19. Work harder, ________ you'll catch up with the others.
A. and B. but C. or D. so
20. They bought her a present, ________ she liked it very much.
A. and B. but C. or D. so
21. This is our first lesson, ________ I don't know all your names.
A. and B. but C. or D. so
22. I'm poor, ________ I always enjoy myself.
A. and B. but C. or D. so
23. I want to go shop ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ping this afternoon. What about you ________ do I.
A. So B. Neither C. Only D. But
24. ________ you ________ I are students.
A. Not only…but also B. Either…or C. Both…and D. Neither…nor
二、用 but, and, so, for, or 等并列连词填空
1. His letter is interesting ________ his hand writing is beautiful.
2. Put on your coat, ________you'll get a cold.
3. Work hard at ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )your lessons, ________ you will fail in the final exams.
4. Come early tomorrow, ________ I'll show you the picture.
5. He did the work in times, ________ he did it quite well.
6. Everybody went there, ________ I didn't.
7. We started early that day, ________ the place was so far.
8. I didn't feel well last night, ________ I had to go to bed early.
9. He is very clever, ________ he doesn't like studying hard.
10. Be quick, ________ we'll miss the first lesson.
参考答案
第二讲：简单句和并列句
课堂练习
单项选择1
1. A。2. B。3. D。4. D。5. C。6.B。7. A。8. D。9. C。 10. A。11. C。12. B。
13. B。14. B。15. C。16. D。17. D。18. D。19. A。20. D。
用适当的并列连词填空答案。
1.and 2.so 3.but 4.but 5.or 6.or 7.for 8.so
单项选择2
1.D 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.C 6.A 7.C 8.A 9.D 10.D 11.D 12.B 13.A 14.B 15.A
课后练习
选择题
1.D 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. B 10.B 11. A 12. C
13. D 14. A 15. B ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 16. C 17. D 18 A 19. A 20. A 21. D 22. B 23. A 24.C
填空题
and 2. or 3. or 4. and 5. and 6. but 7. for 8. so 9. but 10. or
either…or…或者…….或者……，不是……就是……(either…or…结构是or的强化形式)
*so不能与because同时出现在同一句中。
For从句主要是对前面的句子作出解释或进行推断，因此for引导的句子不能用于句首。
并列结构是延长英文句子的重要方法，即通过并列连词所连接的并列成分在结构和功能上保持一致
We have no land ethic yet, but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic (adj. 固有的, 内在的, 本质的) right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.