【拔高版】【中考英语重难点语法复习专题】第三讲：复合句&宾语从句（含习题+答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第三讲：复合句：宾语从句
专题概述：
复合句即主从复合句，由一个主句和一个或一个 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )以上从句构成。主句为句子主体，从句只用作句子的一个次要成分，不能独立成为一个句子。从句通常由关联词引导,并由关联词将从句和主句联系在一起。
语法考点：
1. 复合句的引导词
2. 复合句的时态
3. 复合句的省略
3.1复合句的引导词
复合句连接词的选择，是中考必考题 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，分值为2-3分。主要出现在完形填空，语法填空和改错题中。考生需要掌握的复合句包括定语从句，宾语从句，状语从句以及部分主语从句和表语从句。
3.1.2名词性从句：宾语从句
宾语从句考点：引导词 语序 时态
引导词
①由that 引导的陈述句性 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的宾语从句，在很多动词如say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear , feel等动词后。连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不做句子的成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略。
在think, believe, sup ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )pose, expect等动词引起的宾语从句中，有时谓语尽管是否定意义，却不用否定形式，而将think 等动词变为否定形式。21教育名师原创作品
I don't think you are right. (我认为你做的不对)
在许多带有复合宾语的句子中，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面，而用it做形式宾语。
We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone (我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的)
②由连词if / whether 引导的表示“是否…”的宾语从句。
Whether, if 在从句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下，whether和if 可以替换。
I don't know if/whether he will come tomorrow.
在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导
Everything depends on whether we have enough money.21*cnjy*com
宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导.
I don’t know whether the movie star will come or not.
和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导
Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided.
③由wh-引导的宾语从句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )。连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how 等连接的宾语从句，它们在句中即有连接从句的作用，又在句中充当句子的成分。
Do you know which film they are talking about (which做定语)
I don't know where he lives. (where 做地点状语)
宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序，既连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分 I believe that they will come soon.
特例：有下列常见的问句，作为从句出现，是“不改变语句顺序”的。
1. What's the matter
2. What's wrong
3. What's up？
4. What's the problem
5. What's your trouble
宾语从句的时态。
A. 主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定；
B. 主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。
1) She says that she is a student.
→ She said that she was a student.
2) She says that she will fly to Japan in a week.
→ She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.21教育网
3)She says that she has finished her homework already. www.21-cn-jy.com
→ She said that she had finished her homework already.2·1·c·n·j·y
C. 宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
注意：
① Could you tell me…是用来征询对方的意见，语气委婉，并不表示过去。
Could you tell me when we will visit the History Museum 【版权所有：21教育】
② 由陈述句变成宾语从句时，要注意人称的变化。
She said: “I have been ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to England before.” → She said that she had been to England before.
She asked me: “Do you like maths ” → She asked me if I liked maths.
③ 宾语从句与简单句的交换。
由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句，如果宾语从句的主语和主句的主语是同一个人时，可以用“疑问词+不定式”做宾语的简单句结构。
I don't know what I should do next. → I don't know what to do next.
考点拓展1：宾语从句中的虚拟语气
虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测，建议等含义，虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。
1.wish(表现在→过去时；表过去→过去完成时；表将来→would+do )
I wish I were a bird and could fly freely .
I wish I had met that film star yesterday.
How I wish it wouldn't rain tomorrow .
2.在表示含有“愿望、建议、命令”等词的各种从句中，从句的谓语动词用（should +do ）
一坚持二命令三建议四要求 i-和-s双重性
insist，order, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) command, advise, suggest , propose, demand, desire, request, require insist/suggest
1. The teacher suggested that he (should) read English aloud.www-2-1-cnjy-com
2. He required that we (should) work all right.
3. It was suggested that the meeting (should) be put off next week.
4. The suggestion that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the meeting (should) be put off till next week surprised us a lot.
5. The suggestion is that the meeting (should)……….
注：suggest表“暗示”，表明之意时，insist表示“坚持认为，硬要说”之意时，不用虚拟。
1. The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work.
2. The man insisted that he had never stolen the money.
3. He insisted that he was a Party member and be sent to the front.
考点拓展2：宾语从句的简化
方法一：当主句谓语动词是hope ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )， decide， wish， choose， agree， promise等，且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。
例如：Li Ming hopes he w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ill be back very soon. →Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.
We decided that we would help him. →We decided to help him.
方法二：当主句谓语动词是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )know， learn， remember， forget， tell等动词，且主句主语与从句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。
例如：She has forgotten h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ow she can open the window. →She has forgotten how to open the window.
注：当主句谓语动词是tell， ask ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )， show， teach等动词，且后带双宾语，从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。
例如：Could you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) tell me how I can get to the station？ →Could you tell me how to get to the station？
方法三：当主句的谓语动词是 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )order（命令），require（需要）等时，如果主句和从句的主语不一致，宾语从句可简化为“名词（代词）+不定式”结构。
例如：The headmast ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er ordered that we should start at once. → The headmaster ordered us to start at once.
方法四：某些动词后的宾语从句，可以用介词加动名词（短语）等其他形式简化。
例如：He insisted ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that he should go with us. →He insisted on going with us.
The poor boy doesn't know when and where he was born.
→The poor boy doesn't know the time and the place of his birth.【出处：21教育名师】
方法五：某些动词后面的宾语从句可转化为“宾语+V-ing形式（作宾语补足语）”结构。
例如：Liu Ping found ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) that there was a wallet lying on the ground. → Liu Ping found a wallet lying on the ground.
方法六：动词seem后的宾语从句，也可以用不定式（短语）来简化，但句型需要进行适当的变化。
例如：It seemed tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t the boys were going to win. →The boys seemed to win.
除上述方法外，还有一些特殊句式的转化，
如：I found th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at it was difficult to learn English well. →I found it difficult to learn English well.
Soon we found that the ground was covered with thick snow. 21·世纪*教育网
→Soon we found the ground covered with thick snow.
They found that t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he box was very heavy. →They found the box very heavy.
宾语从句课堂练习
【练习一】
1. Please tell me______. I have some good news for him.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
A. where Rober ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t lives B. where does Robert live C. where Robert lived D. where did Robert live
2. —We don't kno ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )w ．—It is said that he was born in Canada．
A．what he is B．w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hen he was born C．where he comes from D．if he lives here
3. —May I come i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n I'm sorry I am late.—Come in, please. But could you please tell me ______
A. why you are late again B. what were you doing then21世纪教育网版权所有
C. who you talked with D. how do you came to school
4. Could you tell me________
A. When will Mary come back B. When Mary comes back
C. When Mary will come back D. When does Mary come back
5.—What did you say just now —I asked _______.
A. that I could open the door B. could I open the door
C. how could I open the door D. how I could open the door
6.—Do you know ________, Mike —On May 12th,2008
A. when the earthquake took place in Wen Chuan
B. when did the earthquake take place in Wen Chuan
C. when the earthquake will take place in Wen Chuan
D. when will the earthquake take place in Wen Chuan
【练习二】
1．I don't know ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_________ he will come tomorrow．_________ he comes，I'll tell you．
A．if；Whether B．whether；Whether C．if；That D．if；If
2．I don't know _________ the day after tomorrow．
A．when does he come B．how will he come C．if he comes D．whether he'll come
3．Could you tell me _________ the nearest hospital is？
A．what B．how C．whether D．where
4．Could you tell me _________ the radio without any help？
A．how did he mend B．what did he mend C．how he mended D．what he mended
5．I want to know _________ ．
A．whom is she looking after B．whom she is looking
C．whom is she looking D．whom she is looking after
6．Do you know where _________ now？
A．he lives B．does he live C．he lived D．did he live
7．Do you know what time _________ ？
A．the train leave B．does the train leave C．will the train leave D．the train leaves
8．I don't know _________ ．Can you tell me，please？
A．how the two players are old B．how old are the two players
C．the two players are how old D．how old the two players are
9．The small children don't know _________ ．
A．what is their stockings in B．what is in their stockings
C．where is their stockings in D．what in their stockings is
10．I can't understand _________ ．
A．what does Christmas mean B．what Christmas does mean
C．what mean Christmas does D．what Christmas means
按要求转换句型。
1．Does Mr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )．Brown enjoy living in China？Could you tell us？（改写句子）
→Could you tell us _________ Mr．Brown _________ living in China？
2．“Does the girl need any help？”he asked me．（变为复合句）
→He asked me _________ the girl _________ some help．
3．Jim is not a student．Tom is not a student，either．（合并为一个句子）
_________ Jim _________ Tom is a student．
4．When does the train leave？I want to know．（改为含宾语从句的复合句）
I want to know _________ the train _________ ．
5．They went home after they had finished their homework．（用not．．．until改写）They _________ go home _________ they had finished their homework．
6．Did Peter come here yesterday？Li Lei wants to know．（改为含宾语从句的复合句）
Li Lei wants to know _________ Peter _________ here yesterday．
宾语从句课后练习
【练习一】
I. 句型转换
1. I wonder where we should go next.
Could you tell me where we _________ _________ next (同义句)
Could you tell me where _________ _________ next (同义句)
2. He can’t come to the party today. I think. (合并成一句)
I _________ think he _________ to the party tomorrow.
3. 你能告诉我一个度假的好地方吗？
Could you t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ell me _________ _________ _________ _________ go for vacation
4. Does Mr. Brown enjoy living in China Could you tell us (改为复合句)
Could you tell us _________ Mr. Brown _________ living in China
5. I got home in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the rain. I left my umbrella in the classroom. (合并为一句)
When I _________ home in the rain, I realized I_________ _________my umbrella in the classroom.
6. Don’t play football ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) in the street. The policeman told the boys.(合并为一句)
The policeman told ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the boys_________ _________ play football in the street.
7. 你能告诉我重庆哪里有博物馆吗？
Could you tel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l me _________ _________ _________ a museum in Chongqing
II. 单项选择
1. The teacher told us _____________ the earth moves around the sun.
A. whether B. if C. who D. that
2. Mr. Zhang does ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n't doubt _____________ Mike has told his parents the truth.
A. whether B. who C. when D. that
3. —Excuse me, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )could you please tell me if the meeting _____________ on time
—If it _____________ tomorrow, we'll have to put it off.
A. will hold；snows B. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) will be held；snows C. will be held；snow D. holds；will snow
4. I know ______ I promised to take you to dinner, but I won't finish working until ten o'clock.
A. if B. that C. what D. why
【练习二】
1. He asked me _____________.
A. if I would go skating with him B. when did I buy the CD 2-1-c-n-j-y
C. that I had a good time D. how did I buy the CD
2. —Is this the new dictionary _______ you got yesterday
—Yes. Now it's very convenient for me to look up words.
A. that B. why C. what D. how
3. —Do you think __ at home on computer in the future —Yes, I think they needn't go to school.
A. kids will ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) study B. did kids study C. kids studied D. will kids study
4. —I want to know i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f he ___ back tomorrow. —I'll call you as soon as ____.
A. will come ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ); will return B. will come; returns C. comes; will return D. comes；returns
5.—I wonder if ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) our foreign teacher Mr. White _____ to his hometown next Tuesday.
—I'm not sure ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). But if he returns to his hometown, I'll ______ him off.
A. return；see ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )B. will return；see C. will return；will see D. return；will see
6.—Excuse me. Could you please tell me _____________
—Sure. Go along this street and turn left. It’s on your right.
A. when I can get t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o the bookstore B. when can I get to the bookstore
C. how I can get ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to the bookstore D. how can I get to the bookstore
7.—Look at the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )man in blue! Do you know _____ —Oh, he is a policeman.
A. what does he B. what he does C. how he does D. how does he
【练习三】
1. I never doubt _________ his advice is of great value to me. 【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
A. that B. whether C. how D. what
2. —Jim finds ___ easy to remember all the English words in these ways.—___ smart child he is!
A. it; How B. that; How C. it; What a D. that; What a
3. I wonder ____ June is a good time to visit Hong Kong.
A. that B. when C. whether
4. —Do you think _____ he has taken the bag —____ I'm mistaken.
A. that; Until ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )B. whether; If C. that; Unless D. whether; Unless
5.No one doubte ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d ______ the Germans ______ win the 2018World Cup again.
A. if; can B. whether; could C. that; could D. that; can
6. He said _____________ he was doing his homework.
A. if B. when C. that D. where
7. —The Dragon Boat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) races are so exciting, but our boat is still behind.
—Don't worry. I’m sure _____________ our team will win!21*cnjy*com
A. if B. that C. whether D. why
8. I hope _____________ it will snow this winter.
A. when B. if C. whether D. /
9. —Do you believe _____________ man can live on Mars in the future.21·cn·jy·com
—It's hard to say. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Scientists are still not sure _____________ we can grow plants on Mars.
A. if；that B. whether；if C. that；that D. that；whether
10. Mary said _____________ there was a car outside.
A. what B. whether C. that D. how
参考答案
第三讲：复合句
宾语从句课堂练习
【练习一】
1. A 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. D 6. A
【练习二】
I. 1—5DDDCD 6—10ADDBD
II. 1. if／whether; enjoys 2. if／whether; needed 3. Neither; nor
4. when; leaves 5. didn't; until 6. whether; came
宾语从句课后练习
【练习一】
I. 句型转换
1. could go；t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o go 2. don't；can 3. a good place to 4. if；enjoys21cnjy.com
5. got；had left 6. not to 7. where there is
II. 单项选择
1. D 2.D3. B4. B
【练习二】
1. A2. A3. A4. B 5.B6. C7. B
【练习三】
1. A2. C3. A4. C 5. C6.C7.B8. D 9. D 10. C
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)