【拔高版】【中考英语重难点语法复习专题】第三讲：复合句&状语从句（含习题+答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第三讲：复合句：状语从句
专题概述：
复合句即主从复合句，由一个主 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句和一个或一个以上从句构成。主句为句子主体，从句只用作句子的一个次要成分，不能独立成为一个句子。从句通常由关联词引导,并由关联词将从句和主句联系在一起。
语法考点：
1. 复合句的引导词
2. 复合句的时态
3. 复合句的省略
3.1复合句的引导词
复合句连接词的选择，是中考必考题，分 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )值为2-3分。主要出现在完形填空，语法填空和改错题中。考生需要掌握的复合句包括定语从句，宾语从句，状语从句以及部分主语从句和表语从句。
3.1.5状语从句
考点1：从属连词的选择
考点2：时态的选择
时间状语从句
1.when, while和as的用法
◆ when既可引导一个持续动作，也可引导一个短暂性动作.
when强调主从句动作的发生有先后
①When he got there, the classroom had been cleaned. 21教育网
他到的时候，教室已打扫过了。(主句动作发生在从句动作之前)
②He went to play football when he finished his homework. 21cnjy.com
做完作业后他就去踢足球了。(主句的动作发生在从句动作之后)
when可作并列连词用，相当于just t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hen，at the time，前一分句多用进行时、be about to或be on the point of doing，表示“正在做..，就在这时发生了另外一件事”或“届时”。 www.21-cn-jy.com
①I was reading when he suddenly came in.
②I was about to leave when the telephone rang.
◆ while强调主句动作发生在从句动作所发生的时间段内，从句的动作必须是延续性动词。
①Strike iron while it's still hot.
②Will you please take care of my house while I was away 【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
在这一情况下，从句的动作一定是延续性动词，如果是非延续动词，要用when。
①Will you please take care of my house when I went away 【出处：21教育名师】
②当我进来的时侯，他在和别人说话。
While I came in, he was talking with others.
When I came in, he was talking with others.
◆ as引导一个持续性动作，强调主从 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句的动作同时发生，有“一边..一边..”的意思，也可说明两种正在发展或变化的情况，有“随着..”的意思。
①He sang as he walked.他边走边唱。
②As he gets older, he gets more open. 随着年龄的增长，他越发开朗起来。
2.as soon as ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, no sooner...than, hardly/scarcely...when...，immediately, directly, instantly的用法。
这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一……就……”，
The moment she arrives，we can start.
No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.
The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.
3.till, until和not...until的用法
◆ 在肯定句中主句谓语动词必须是延续性动词，意为“某动作一直延续到某点才停止”。
You may stay here till/until the rain stops. 你得在这里呆到雨停。
◆ 在否定句中主句谓语动词必须是非延续性动词，从句为肯定式，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。
He won't go to bed till (until) she returns. 直到她回来他才睡。
◆ not...until句型中的强调和倒装说法。
It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it. (强调句型)
Not until you told m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e did I have any idea of it. (not until 置于句首，主句要倒装)
Not until he came back did he find his house had been broken into. 21世纪教育网版权所有
4.before和since的用法
◆ 连词before表示“还未……就……”，“不到……就……”，“……才……”，“趁还没来得及……”。
Before they reached the station, the train had gone.
We hadn't run a mile before he felt tired.
Please write it down before you forget it.
◆ before的句型：It will be＋时间段＋ before从句，表示“多久之后才……”。
It will be half a year before I come back.
It won't be long before we meet again.
◆ since的句型： It is/has been＋时间段＋ since从句。
若从句谓语为非延续性动词，表示“自从……有多久”；
若从句的谓语为延续性动词，表示“自从结束/完成……起有多久”。
It is three years since the war broke out.
It is three years since he lived here.
地点状语从句
1.地点状语从句可用where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere等引导。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
地点状语从句可用于主句之前或之后。
You are free to go wherever you like.
Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。
Wherever there is smoke, there is a fire. 无火不生烟(既无风不起浪)。www-2-1-cnjy-com
2.注意区分引导的定语从句与状语从句。
where引导地点状语从句直接修饰动词，而在定语从句中where作为关系副词跟在表示地点先行词后。
You'd better make a mark where you have any questions.(状语从句)2-1-c-n-j-y
You'd better ma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ke a mark at the place where you have any questions.(定语从句)21*cnjy*com
原因状语从句
引导原因状语从句的从属连词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )有：because, as, since, now that, seeing that, considering that等
◆ because用来回答why的提问，语气最强，一般放在主句之后；
◆ since表示既然或已知的理由，稍加分析即可表明的原因，多放在句首；
◆ as 多用于口语，语气比because ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，since弱，表示的理由是明显的或被认为是已知的，是对主句的附带说明，重点在主句，可放在句首或句尾，放在句尾时，as可省略。I can't go，(as) I am busy.
◆ considering t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat, seeing that, now that和since的意义相似，含“鉴于某个事实”之思，that可以省去。
As it is raining, we shall not go to the park.
Now that/Since ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) everybody is here, let's begin our meeting.既然大家都到了，我们就开始我们的会议。
My friends dislike me because I'm handsome and successful. 【版权所有：21教育】
Now that everybody has come, let's begin our conference.
目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句的从属连词有：so that, in order that, for fear that，in case, lest等。
1. in order that与so that“以便……，为了……”
引导的状语从句中需用情态动词；in order that引导状语从句可置主句之前或之后，而so that引导从句只能置主句之后。
I'll speak slowly so that you can understand me.
In order that we m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ight see the sunrise, we started for the peak early.
The boss asked the sec ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )retary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.21*cnjy*com
2.for fear that, in ca ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )se与lest这些从属连词本身带有否定意义，“以免，以防”，相当于so that...not...或in order that...not...
The boy hid himself be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hind the tree in case/for fear that his father should see him.
Take your raincoat in case/lest it should rain.
结果状语从句
引导结果状语从句的从属连词有： so that, so...that...，such...that...。其结构形式为
Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe him.
= Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe him.
He earned so little money that he couldn't support his family.
He got up so early that he caught the first bus.
It's such a good chance that we must not miss it.
条件状语从句
常用引导词：if, unless,
特殊引导词：as/so long as ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), only if, providing/provided that, supposing that, in case that, on condition that
We'll start our project if the president agrees.
You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.
Provided that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.
方式状语从句：
引导方式状语从句的从属连词有：as, as if, as though等。方式状语从句应放在主句之后。
as引导方式状语从句，意 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )为“按照，正如”；其中as if或as though引导的从句一般用虚拟语气，但如果从句中所陈述情况很可能实现，也可用陈述语气。
Do as you are told to, or you'll be fired.
The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.
When in Rome, do as the Roman do.
She behaved as if she were the boss.
让步状语从句
1.although/though, even though/if引导让步状语从句
although与though两者意思相同，一般可互换，都可以与yet, still或nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用。
He is unhappy though/although he has a lot of money.
尽管他很有钱，但是他不幸福。
Even though/if it is raining, we'll go there.
2.as引导让步状语从句
as从句一般放在主句之前，用倒装语序。从句中的表语或状语或动词原形置于句首。若表语是名词，前置时要省略冠词。
Child as he is, he knows a lot. 尽管他是孩子，他却懂得很多。
Much as I like it I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )won't buy it, for it's too expensive. 虽然我很喜欢，但我不会买的，因为它太贵了。
Try as he might, he could not find a job. 不管他怎样努力，他还是找不到工作。
3.疑问词＋ever, no matter＋疑问词与whether...or... 引导让步状语从句
Whether you believe it or not, it is true. 无论你信不信，它是真的。
Whatever(＝ no m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )atter what) you say, he won't believe you.无论你说什么，他不会信你。
Whoever you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )are (＝ no matter who you are), you must obey the rules.无论你是谁，你必须服从这些规则。
比较状语从句
常用引导词：as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较)
特殊引导词：the more … the more … ; just as …， so…;
A is to B what /as X is to Y; no … more than; not A so much as B 21教育名师原创作品
She is as bad-tempered as her mother.
The house is three times as big as ours.
The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.
Food is to men what oil is to machine. 食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。
He runs less fast than me.
The film was not so(as) good as I had expected.
The busier he is, the happier he feels.
状语从句课堂练习
状语从句课堂练习
1. We'd better hurry______it is getting dark.
A. and B. but C. as D. unless
2. I didn't manage to do it _____ you had explained how.
A. until B. unless C. when D. before
3._____ he comes, we won't be able to go.
A. Without B. Unless C. Except D. Even
4. I hurried _____ I wouldn't be late for class.
A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless
5. _____ I catch a cold, I have pain in my back.
A. Every time B. Though C. Even D. Where
6. What's the matter _____ they still haven't answered the telegram
A. when B. that C. though D. however
7. Bring it nearer _____ I may see it better.
A. although B. even though C. so that D. since
8. You may arrive in Beijing early _____ you mind taking the night train.
A. that B. though C. unless D. if
9. Helen listened carefully _____ she might discover exactly what she needed.
A. in that B. in order that C. in case D. even though
10. More people will eat out in restaurants _____ they do today.
A. than B. when C. while D. as
11._____ hard she tries, she can hardly avoid making mistakes in her homework.
A. Much B. However C. As D. Although
12. Poor _____ it may be, there is no place like home, _____ you may go.
A. as; wherever B. though; whenever C. in spite of; when D. that; wherever
13. The child was __ immediately after supper.
A. enough tired to go to bed B. too tired to go to bed
C. so tired that he went to bed D. very tired, he went to bed
14. The history of nursing __ the history of man.
A. as old as B. is old than C. that is as old as D. is as old as
15. _____ born in Chicago, the author was famous for his stories about New York.
A. Since B. Once C. When D. Although
16._____ we stood at the top of the building, the people below were hardly visible.
A. As B. Although C. Unless D. In spite of
17. Scarcely was George Washington in his teens _____ his father died.
A. than B. as C. while D. when
18. _____ David goes, he is welcome.
A. Whichever B. However C. Wherever D. Whatever
19. The house stood _____ there had been a rock.
A. which B. at which C. when D. where
20. Small _____ it is, the pen is a most useful tool.
A. because B. so C. if D. as
21. After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced _____ tractors in 1988 as the year before.
A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as
22. The piano in the other shop will be _____, but _____.
A. cheaper; not as better B. more cheap; not as better
C. cheaper; not as good D. more cheap; not as good
23. John plays football _____, if not better than, David.
A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as
24. Although he is considered a great writer,
A. his works are not widely read B. but his works are not widely read
C. however his works are not widely read D. still his works are not widely read
25. ___ the day went on, the weather got worse.
A. With B. Since C. While D. As
26.—What was the party like —Wonderful. It' s years _____ I enjoyed myself so much.
A. after B. when C. before D. since
27. It was not _____ she took off her dark glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.
A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then
28. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, _____ great it is.
A. what B. how C. however D. whatever
29. After the war, a new school building was put up _____ there had once been a theatre.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
30._____, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together.
A. However late is he B. However he is late C. However is he late D. However late he is
状语从句课后练习
1. —Have you got any idea for the summer vacation
—I don't mind where we go ______ there's sun, sea and beach.
A. as if B. as long as C. now that D. in order that
2. ---Do you hav ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e a minute I've got something to tell you.---OK, ______ you make it short.
A. now that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. if only C. so long as D. every time
3. All the nei ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ghbor admire this family _________the parents are treating their child like a friend.
A. why B. where C. which D. that
4. Nancy enjoyed ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) herself so much ______ she visited her friends in Sydney last year.
A. that B. which C. when D. where
5. _____ the In ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ternet is of great help. I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time on it.
A. If B. While C. Because D. As
6. He found ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )it increasingly difficult to read, ______ his eyesight was beginning to fail.
A. though B. for C. but D. so
7. You'd better not leave the medicine ______ kids can get at it.
A. even if B. which C. where D. so that
8. ______ hungry I am ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread.
A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Wherever D. However
9. I used to l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ove that film ______ I was a child, but I don't feel it that way any more.
A. once B. when C. since D. although
10. A small car is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )big enough for a family of three ____ you need more space for baggage.
A. once B. because C. if D. unless
11. There were some chairs left over _____ everyone had sat down.
A. when B. until C. that D. where
12. Don't promise anything ______ you are one hundred percent sure.
A. whether B. after C. how D. unless
13. —Did you retu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rn Fred's call —I didn't need to ____ I'll see him tomorrow.
A. though B. unless C. when D. because21·世纪*教育网
14. I'm sorry you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )'ve been waiting so long, but it’ll still be some time ____ Brian get back.
A. before B. since C. till D. after
15. We'll ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve a picnic in the park this Sunday _____ it rains or it's very cold.
A. since B. if C. unless D. until
16. ---Are you read ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y for Spain？--Yes, I want the girls to experience that ___ they are young.
A. while B. until C. if D. before
17. ___ well p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )repared you are , you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing.2·1·c·n·j·y
A. however B. whatever C. no matter D. although
18. ____ he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race.
A. If B. Since C. Though D. When
19. Pop music is such ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )an important part of society ______ it has even influenced our language.
A. as B. that C. which D. where
20. Small sailboat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s can easily turn over in the water ______ they are not managed carefully.
A. though B. before C. until D. if
参考答案
第三讲：复合句
状语从句课堂练习
1-5 CABBA 6-10 BC ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )CBD 11-15 BACDD 16-20 ADCDD 21-25 CCBAD 26-30 DBCBD
21·cn·jy·com
状语从句课后练习
1-5BCBCB 6-10 BCDBD 11-15ADDAC 16-20 AAABD
so + adj./ adv. + that从句
so + adj. + a/an + 可数名词单数 + that从句
so + many / much / few / little + 名词 + that从句
such + a/an + 可数名词单数+ that从句
such + adj. + 可数名词复数/ 不可数名词 + that从句
such + a lot of / lots of + 名词 + that从句
区别so...that和such...that的用法
名前such，形、副so，that从句跟在后；
多多少少必用so，特别注意是little；“小”用such，“少”用so
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