2022届高考英语二轮复习：动词时态语态学案（无答案）
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| 名称 | 2022届高考英语二轮复习：动词时态语态学案（无答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2021-10-26 12:44:34 | ||
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动词时态语态
教学重点 现在时、过去时、将来时、完成时、进行时的运用和相关时间状语；语态
判断方式：
1. 空格处的提示词的词性为____
2. 空格挖在主语后面，整个句子缺_____
【正道】
分析句子成分，先找出______，从而确定是否缺谓语。
【“旁门左道”】
句子的谓语数量 = 连词数量 + 1；其中，连词包括并列连词和主从复合句的连词；难点在于：连词有时可以省略，所以，提升句子分析能力和句子翻译能力是关键。
谓语动词时态（常考点）
初级难度：根据时间标志词判断时态；动词形式
(分时态详细展开)
一、一般现在时
1. 时间状语：_____________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
2. 动词形式（常考点）
当主语不属于第三人称单数时，谓语动词用_________;
当主语属于第三人称单数（___\___\___）时，谓语动词用___________;
3. 第三人称单数如何定义？
1）_____________: he, she, it
2）___________________: Li Hua, Shenzhen, my mother
3）_____________: a table, a person, one big classroom, the man, a useful book
4）_____________: milk, bread, water
5）_____________: this, that
6）_____________: someone, nobody, something, everything, everyone
7）_____________: 30%，one third，six
4. 动词三单形式分类（常考点）
1）一般：____________;
2）以___\___\___\___\___结尾：____________________;
3）以_____________加-y结尾：____________________;
4）特殊：be ___\___；have___
二、一般过去时
1. 时间状语：_____________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
2. 动词形式(常考点)
1）一般: ___________________
2）以-d结尾: ___________________
3）辅音字母加-y结尾: ___________________
4）以重读闭音节结尾: ___________________
三、进行时（结构：___________）
1. 现在进行时（结构：_____________）
2. 过去进行时（结构: ___________________）
3. 时间状语：_____________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
4. 动词-ing形式
（1）一般情况下直接加_____, 如： think---thinking，sleep---sleeping， study---studying，speak---speaking，carry---carrying，say---saying
（2）以不发音的字母e结尾的单词，________________如：wake---waking，make---making，come---coming ，take---taking，leave---leaving，have---having
（3）以ie结尾的动词，________________如: die---dying lie---lying tie-tying
（4）以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅，元，辅”结构的动词，________________________________
常见的这类词有：begin, cut, get, hit, run, set, sit, spit, stop, swim, beg, drop, fit, nod, dig, forget, regret, rid 等。
四、将来时
1. 时间状语：_____________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
2. 结构
1）will+ __________
2）be going to+ ___________
五、完成时
1. 现在完成时
时间状语：___________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
结构：__________________
2. 过去完成时
时间状语：___________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
结构：__________________
3. 区分since与for
since接：1)__________________ 2)__________________
for接：____________________
4. 区分already，yet，ever, never
already:______________________________________
yet:__________________________________________
ever:_________________________________________
never:________________________________________
我曾经去过广州。_________
我从未去过广州。_________
我已经完成作业了。__________
我还没完成作业。_________
中级难度：根据前后文相关的时态判断
找并列：并列连词连接的平行结构，连接对等的词或对等的结构，可以作为时态判断的依据。
常见如下：and，but，or，both...and...，________________(或者...或者...)，________________(既不...也不...)，_________________(不仅...而且...)等；并列谓语的时态要保持一致！
看语境：如果没有时间标志词或者具体的时间状语，就要联系上下文、前后句中的时态，看看动作是否同时发生或者先后发生，确定填空处的时态。
主句从句相对应：
【例如】
1）宾语从句中，主句如果用一般过去时，从句也应该用过去的时态；但陈述客观事实或真理时，从句用一般现在时。
2）时间、条件状语从句中，遵循____________原则，即主句为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。
高级难度：特殊结构或者被动或者主谓一致等
1. 固定句式类
（1）这是某人/某物第一/二/……次做某事：___________________________________________
（2）这是某人/某物第一/二/……次做某事：__________________________________________
（3）“一……就……”：____________________________________________________________
（4）到了某人/某物该做……的时候了：_____________________________________________
（5）某人/某物正在做……这时突然……_____________________________________________
（6）祈使句＋and＋陈述句，或祈使句+ or + 陈述句，陈述句用______________
2. 主谓一致
（1）核心定义：主谓一致即语法形式的一致，数的一致。
1）主语为单数可数名词或不可数名词时，谓语动词用__________形式。
2）主语为单个不定式(短语)，动名词(短语)或主语从句时，谓语动词用__________。
3）主语为复数名词或两个或以上不定式(短语)，动名词(短语)或主语从句时，谓语动词用__________。
4）如果定语从句缺少主语，谓语动词与_________，即从句所修饰的名词或代词保持数的一致。
（2）就近原则
①either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but (also)...，___________(不是...而是...)，等并列连词连接主语时；
②___________ 句型中，谓语动词与最近的主语保持数的一致。
（3）就远原则：谓语动词与离的远的第一个名词，即句子的主语保持数的一致。
介词短语包括： except, besides, including, like, with, as well as, as much as, no less than, along with, in addition to, combined with, rather than, together with
语态
定义
用于说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系
分类
______语态
主语是动作的执行者
______语态
主语是动作的承受者
结构：__________________________ (e.g. Peter was picked up by his father)
在这个结构中，动词的过去分词形式是固定不变的，时态只体现在________；若要引出动作的执行者，要用介词______。
“主动语态变被动语态，时态不变动”，即助动词be 的时态要跟原主动语态中的时态保持一致。
时态 被动结构
一般现在时 _______________+过去分词
一般过去时 _______________+过去分词
一般将来时 _______________+过去分词
现在进行时 _______________+过去分词
现在完成时 _______________+过去分词
含情态动词 _______________+过去分词
练习
1. 把下列句子改成被动句。
1）Bruce writes a letter every week.
→
2）Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.
→
2. 用单词的适当形式填空
1） The sick boy (take) to hospital by the police yesterday.
2） Waste paper shouldn’t (throw) everywhere. It’s our duty to keep our city clean.
3） It is reported that more new teaching buildings (build) in our school in the next term.
4） The new library building (complete) last week.
5） -David, turn off the TV because no one is watching it.
-But it (turn) off already! The music is from the radio.
6） Nick (offer) a job in a bank, but to our surprise, he didn’t take it.
7） -Do you often plant trees in spring
-Yes, many trees (plant) in our school every year.
8） It’s common knowledge that black tea (invent) in China more than 600 years ago.
9）Who is the little baby in the photo, Susan
--It’s me. This photo (take) ten years ago.
10）“Do you like the material ” “Yes, it (feel) very soft.”
谓语动词时态语态综合训练
Part i
1. The unmanned Chang’e 4 probe(探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess— ___________(touch) down last week in the South PoleAitken basin.(2020·全国Ⅰ)
2．The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane，for example，___________(form) the core collection of the British Museum that opened in 1759.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)
3. By about 6000 BC，people ______(discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise.(2020·浙江)
4. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ___________(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements...(2019·全国Ⅰ)
5．Irene said，“I don’t see any reason to give up work.I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I __________(make) over the years...”(2019·全国Ⅱ)
6. Since 2011，the country ___________(grow) more corn than rice.(2018·全国Ⅱ)
7. China’s highspeed railways ___________(grow) from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.(2021·北京)
Part ii
1．...they smiled and ______(point) down the river.(2020·全国Ⅲ)
2．“This really excites scientists，” Carle Pieters，a scientist at Brown University，says，“because it ______(mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon is constructed.”(2020·全国Ⅰ)
3．Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene ______(declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36yearold business.Irene said...(2019·全国Ⅱ)
4．Our hosts shared many of their experiences and ______(recommend) wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit.(2019·全国Ⅲ)
5. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ______(have) to worry about fashion(时尚)．(2019·浙江)
6. One study in America found that students’ grades ______(improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms.(2019·浙江)
7. On the first day of my first grade, I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach.I ______ (voice) my biggest concern to my mother...(2019·北京)
8. A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr Smith ______(fall) in love with the people and culture there.(2019·江苏)
9. I ______(hope) to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage，but I couldn’t manage it.(2019·天津)
10. When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find them alive.True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature，the huge animal ______(mean) me no real harm.(2018·全国Ⅲ)
11．—You are a great swimmer.
—Thanks. It’s because I ______(practise)a lot these days.(2021·天津)
被动语态
1．“This really excites scientists，” Carle Pieters，a scientist at Brown University，says，“because it means we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon ______ (construct)．”(2020·全国Ⅰ)
2．One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait(画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their finest work，so that he could choose the best.The artist was sure he would ______ (choose), but when...(2020·全国Ⅲ)
3. The parts of a museum open to the public ______(call) galleries or rooms.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)
4．And，as more children were born，more food ______(need)．(2020·浙江)
5. On the last day of our weeklong stay，we ______(invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars...(2019·全国Ⅲ)
6. They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals ______(install) by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.(2019·江苏)
7．A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ______(trap) in the mountains for two days. (2018·北京)
8. My washing machine ______(repair) this week，so I have to wash my clothes by hand.(2018·天津)
9. I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan ______(carry) out in the past two years.(2018·江苏)
10. I still remember visiting a friend who’d lived here for five years and I ______(shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.(2018·浙江)
主谓一致
1. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers ______(carry) special significance.(2020·全国Ⅱ)
2. Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ______(be) stable，one is increasing，and nine lack enough data.(2019·全国Ⅰ)
3. The musician along with his band members ______(give) ten performances in the last three months.(2019·江苏)
4. Amy, as well as her brothers，______(give) a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.(2019·天津)
5. While running regularly can’t make you live forever，the review says it ______(be) more effective at lengthening life than walking，cycling or swimming. (2018·全国Ⅰ)
6. Fast food ______(be) full of fat and salt；by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.(2017·全国Ⅰ)
7. What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we ______(have) a good time together.(2019·江苏)
8. The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ______(accomplish) the task in half the time.(2019·天津)
教学重点 现在时、过去时、将来时、完成时、进行时的运用和相关时间状语；语态
判断方式：
1. 空格处的提示词的词性为____
2. 空格挖在主语后面，整个句子缺_____
【正道】
分析句子成分，先找出______，从而确定是否缺谓语。
【“旁门左道”】
句子的谓语数量 = 连词数量 + 1；其中，连词包括并列连词和主从复合句的连词；难点在于：连词有时可以省略，所以，提升句子分析能力和句子翻译能力是关键。
谓语动词时态（常考点）
初级难度：根据时间标志词判断时态；动词形式
(分时态详细展开)
一、一般现在时
1. 时间状语：_____________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
2. 动词形式（常考点）
当主语不属于第三人称单数时，谓语动词用_________;
当主语属于第三人称单数（___\___\___）时，谓语动词用___________;
3. 第三人称单数如何定义？
1）_____________: he, she, it
2）___________________: Li Hua, Shenzhen, my mother
3）_____________: a table, a person, one big classroom, the man, a useful book
4）_____________: milk, bread, water
5）_____________: this, that
6）_____________: someone, nobody, something, everything, everyone
7）_____________: 30%，one third，six
4. 动词三单形式分类（常考点）
1）一般：____________;
2）以___\___\___\___\___结尾：____________________;
3）以_____________加-y结尾：____________________;
4）特殊：be ___\___；have___
二、一般过去时
1. 时间状语：_____________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
2. 动词形式(常考点)
1）一般: ___________________
2）以-d结尾: ___________________
3）辅音字母加-y结尾: ___________________
4）以重读闭音节结尾: ___________________
三、进行时（结构：___________）
1. 现在进行时（结构：_____________）
2. 过去进行时（结构: ___________________）
3. 时间状语：_____________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
4. 动词-ing形式
（1）一般情况下直接加_____, 如： think---thinking，sleep---sleeping， study---studying，speak---speaking，carry---carrying，say---saying
（2）以不发音的字母e结尾的单词，________________如：wake---waking，make---making，come---coming ，take---taking，leave---leaving，have---having
（3）以ie结尾的动词，________________如: die---dying lie---lying tie-tying
（4）以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅，元，辅”结构的动词，________________________________
常见的这类词有：begin, cut, get, hit, run, set, sit, spit, stop, swim, beg, drop, fit, nod, dig, forget, regret, rid 等。
四、将来时
1. 时间状语：_____________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
2. 结构
1）will+ __________
2）be going to+ ___________
五、完成时
1. 现在完成时
时间状语：___________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
结构：__________________
2. 过去完成时
时间状语：___________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
结构：__________________
3. 区分since与for
since接：1)__________________ 2)__________________
for接：____________________
4. 区分already，yet，ever, never
already:______________________________________
yet:__________________________________________
ever:_________________________________________
never:________________________________________
我曾经去过广州。_________
我从未去过广州。_________
我已经完成作业了。__________
我还没完成作业。_________
中级难度：根据前后文相关的时态判断
找并列：并列连词连接的平行结构，连接对等的词或对等的结构，可以作为时态判断的依据。
常见如下：and，but，or，both...and...，________________(或者...或者...)，________________(既不...也不...)，_________________(不仅...而且...)等；并列谓语的时态要保持一致！
看语境：如果没有时间标志词或者具体的时间状语，就要联系上下文、前后句中的时态，看看动作是否同时发生或者先后发生，确定填空处的时态。
主句从句相对应：
【例如】
1）宾语从句中，主句如果用一般过去时，从句也应该用过去的时态；但陈述客观事实或真理时，从句用一般现在时。
2）时间、条件状语从句中，遵循____________原则，即主句为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。
高级难度：特殊结构或者被动或者主谓一致等
1. 固定句式类
（1）这是某人/某物第一/二/……次做某事：___________________________________________
（2）这是某人/某物第一/二/……次做某事：__________________________________________
（3）“一……就……”：____________________________________________________________
（4）到了某人/某物该做……的时候了：_____________________________________________
（5）某人/某物正在做……这时突然……_____________________________________________
（6）祈使句＋and＋陈述句，或祈使句+ or + 陈述句，陈述句用______________
2. 主谓一致
（1）核心定义：主谓一致即语法形式的一致，数的一致。
1）主语为单数可数名词或不可数名词时，谓语动词用__________形式。
2）主语为单个不定式(短语)，动名词(短语)或主语从句时，谓语动词用__________。
3）主语为复数名词或两个或以上不定式(短语)，动名词(短语)或主语从句时，谓语动词用__________。
4）如果定语从句缺少主语，谓语动词与_________，即从句所修饰的名词或代词保持数的一致。
（2）就近原则
①either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but (also)...，___________(不是...而是...)，等并列连词连接主语时；
②___________ 句型中，谓语动词与最近的主语保持数的一致。
（3）就远原则：谓语动词与离的远的第一个名词，即句子的主语保持数的一致。
介词短语包括： except, besides, including, like, with, as well as, as much as, no less than, along with, in addition to, combined with, rather than, together with
语态
定义
用于说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系
分类
______语态
主语是动作的执行者
______语态
主语是动作的承受者
结构：__________________________ (e.g. Peter was picked up by his father)
在这个结构中，动词的过去分词形式是固定不变的，时态只体现在________；若要引出动作的执行者，要用介词______。
“主动语态变被动语态，时态不变动”，即助动词be 的时态要跟原主动语态中的时态保持一致。
时态 被动结构
一般现在时 _______________+过去分词
一般过去时 _______________+过去分词
一般将来时 _______________+过去分词
现在进行时 _______________+过去分词
现在完成时 _______________+过去分词
含情态动词 _______________+过去分词
练习
1. 把下列句子改成被动句。
1）Bruce writes a letter every week.
→
2）Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.
→
2. 用单词的适当形式填空
1） The sick boy (take) to hospital by the police yesterday.
2） Waste paper shouldn’t (throw) everywhere. It’s our duty to keep our city clean.
3） It is reported that more new teaching buildings (build) in our school in the next term.
4） The new library building (complete) last week.
5） -David, turn off the TV because no one is watching it.
-But it (turn) off already! The music is from the radio.
6） Nick (offer) a job in a bank, but to our surprise, he didn’t take it.
7） -Do you often plant trees in spring
-Yes, many trees (plant) in our school every year.
8） It’s common knowledge that black tea (invent) in China more than 600 years ago.
9）Who is the little baby in the photo, Susan
--It’s me. This photo (take) ten years ago.
10）“Do you like the material ” “Yes, it (feel) very soft.”
谓语动词时态语态综合训练
Part i
1. The unmanned Chang’e 4 probe(探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess— ___________(touch) down last week in the South PoleAitken basin.(2020·全国Ⅰ)
2．The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane，for example，___________(form) the core collection of the British Museum that opened in 1759.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)
3. By about 6000 BC，people ______(discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise.(2020·浙江)
4. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ___________(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements...(2019·全国Ⅰ)
5．Irene said，“I don’t see any reason to give up work.I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I __________(make) over the years...”(2019·全国Ⅱ)
6. Since 2011，the country ___________(grow) more corn than rice.(2018·全国Ⅱ)
7. China’s highspeed railways ___________(grow) from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.(2021·北京)
Part ii
1．...they smiled and ______(point) down the river.(2020·全国Ⅲ)
2．“This really excites scientists，” Carle Pieters，a scientist at Brown University，says，“because it ______(mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon is constructed.”(2020·全国Ⅰ)
3．Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene ______(declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36yearold business.Irene said...(2019·全国Ⅱ)
4．Our hosts shared many of their experiences and ______(recommend) wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit.(2019·全国Ⅲ)
5. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ______(have) to worry about fashion(时尚)．(2019·浙江)
6. One study in America found that students’ grades ______(improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms.(2019·浙江)
7. On the first day of my first grade, I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach.I ______ (voice) my biggest concern to my mother...(2019·北京)
8. A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr Smith ______(fall) in love with the people and culture there.(2019·江苏)
9. I ______(hope) to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage，but I couldn’t manage it.(2019·天津)
10. When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find them alive.True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature，the huge animal ______(mean) me no real harm.(2018·全国Ⅲ)
11．—You are a great swimmer.
—Thanks. It’s because I ______(practise)a lot these days.(2021·天津)
被动语态
1．“This really excites scientists，” Carle Pieters，a scientist at Brown University，says，“because it means we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon ______ (construct)．”(2020·全国Ⅰ)
2．One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait(画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their finest work，so that he could choose the best.The artist was sure he would ______ (choose), but when...(2020·全国Ⅲ)
3. The parts of a museum open to the public ______(call) galleries or rooms.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)
4．And，as more children were born，more food ______(need)．(2020·浙江)
5. On the last day of our weeklong stay，we ______(invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars...(2019·全国Ⅲ)
6. They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals ______(install) by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.(2019·江苏)
7．A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ______(trap) in the mountains for two days. (2018·北京)
8. My washing machine ______(repair) this week，so I have to wash my clothes by hand.(2018·天津)
9. I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan ______(carry) out in the past two years.(2018·江苏)
10. I still remember visiting a friend who’d lived here for five years and I ______(shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.(2018·浙江)
主谓一致
1. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers ______(carry) special significance.(2020·全国Ⅱ)
2. Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ______(be) stable，one is increasing，and nine lack enough data.(2019·全国Ⅰ)
3. The musician along with his band members ______(give) ten performances in the last three months.(2019·江苏)
4. Amy, as well as her brothers，______(give) a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.(2019·天津)
5. While running regularly can’t make you live forever，the review says it ______(be) more effective at lengthening life than walking，cycling or swimming. (2018·全国Ⅰ)
6. Fast food ______(be) full of fat and salt；by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.(2017·全国Ⅰ)
7. What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we ______(have) a good time together.(2019·江苏)
8. The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ______(accomplish) the task in half the time.(2019·天津)