【基础版】【中考必考点语法复习专题】第六讲：形容词和副词（含习题+答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
第六讲：形容词和副词
专题概述：
形容词是描述人或事物的特征、性质 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )、属性及状态的一种词类，主要用来修饰名词或代词。对于形容词的考查多集中在三个方面：1. 形容词的比较等级；2. 形容词词义辨析；3. 形容词短语搭配。比较等级则是历年各省市中考必考知识点。从考查形式看,一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。从命题意图看,侧重考查考生的具体语言环境中使用形容词和副词的比较等级的能力。纵观近年各地市中考题，对在语言环境中考查形容词词义的题目有逐步增加的趋势。在学习过程中，要在识记形容词词义上多下功夫，同时兼顾比较等级的各种变化形式。
语法考点：
1. 形容词/副词原级的用法
2. 形容词/副词比较级的用法（比较级的特殊用法）
3. 形容词/副词最高级的用法
形容词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com" \o "欢迎登陆21世纪教育网" \t "https: / / baike. / item / _blank )（Adjective）
形容词用来修饰名词或不定代词,表示人或事物的性质、特征、状态或属性。
形容词的语法功能（它们在句子中作定语、表语、补语和状语）
成分 说明 例句
作定语 一般放在所修饰词的前面 It’s a cold and windy day today. 今天是个寒冷、有风的天气。
作表语 放在系动词的后面 He looks happy today. 他今天看上去很开心。
做补足语 作主语或宾语的补足语，说明主语或宾语的性质、状态或特征 I think it impossible for him to finish the work before dark. 我认为他不可能在天黑之前完成这一工作。
作状语 主要表示原因、伴随或方式 Hungry and tired, I had to stop to have a rest. 又累又饿，我只好停下来休息一下。
副词（Adverb）
副词是修饰动词、形容词、数词、其他副词或全句的词,表示时间、地点、程度等。
副词的语法功能（它们在句子中作定语、表语、补语和状语）
Life here ( adv.作定语)is full of joy.
Is he up ( adv.作表语)
Let me show you out ( adv.作宾语you的补足语).
She works carefully(adv.作状语).
形容词/副词的分类
数词+名词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )(+形容词) a 15-year-old boy,the girls' 800-meter race等【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
形容 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词(或数词)+名词-ed a middle-aged man,an 18-storeyed building等
复合形容词 形容词+动词-ing a good-looking man,an ordinary-looking woman等
名词+动词-ed a man-made river,a snow-covered house等
副词十动词-ed a well-known singer,a well-trained guide等
①本身为副词:ago, now, when,how,almost等
副词的构成和分类 ②与形容词同 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )形:enough, early, fast, first, still, hard, high, long,
last, deep, late, cheap, wide, upstairs等(注意:有些同形义不同)
③"形容词+ -ly": slowly, carefully, truly, fully, busily, possibly等
副词按词汇意义可分为：
1. 时间副词：today, early, soon, now, then, recently, still
1）表示发生时间的副词：
It’s beginning to rain now! 现在开始下雨了！
2）表示频繁程度的副词，也称频 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )度副词always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardly等一般位于系动词、情态动词和助动词之后，实义动词之前。
She often changes her mind. 她常改变主意。
3）还有一些其他表示时间的副词：
He has just had an operation. 他刚动过手术。
2. 地点副词：here, there, out, somewhere, abroad, home
1）有不少表示地点的副词：
She is studying abroad. 她在国外留学。
2）还有一些部分与介词同形的副词。它们与介词同形，后跟宾语的是介词，否则是副词：
①用作介词：Stand up!起立！
②用作副词： A cat climbed up the tree. 猫爬上了树。
3）以where构成的副词也是地点副词： It’s the same everywhere. 到处都一样。
3. 方式副词：well, fast, slowly, carefully, quickly
1）英语中有大量方式副词，说明行为方式（回答how的问题）：
How beautifully your wife dances. 你夫人舞跳得真美。
2）还有相当多的副词，表示某些情绪：
She smiled gratefully. 她感激的笑了笑。
3）还有一些以-ly结尾的副词，表示动作发生的状况：
He left the town secretly. 他悄然离开了这座城市。
4. 程度副词：very, much, enough, almost, rather, quite
5. 频度副词：always, often, usually, sometimes, seldom, never
副词的基本用法
副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句话的词类，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。
We should listen to our teachers carefully.我们应该认真听老师讲课。21·世纪*教育网
He is very happy today.他今天非常高兴。
＂What happened ＂I asked, rather angrily. ＂发生什么事情了？＂我相当生气地问。
In spring, I can see flowers everywhere.在春天，我到处都能看到花。
不少副词同时也可用作介词或其它词类。
Have you read this book before (副词，作时间状语) 你以前读过这本书吗？
He will arriv ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e before ten o’clock.（介词，before ten o’clock 是介词短语，作时间状语）他将在10点钟前到达。
1.分类：形容词和副词有原级、比较级和最高级三级。
原级变为比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
2.规则变化:
(1)单音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级的后面加上er,est构成比较级和最高级。
a)直接加er,est：
b)以重读闭音节结尾的,要双写最后一个辅音字母,后加er,est：
c)以辅音字母+y结尾的,先把y改为i再加上er,est：
(2)两个音节或两个以上的音节的,在原级前加more/most.
3.不规则变化:
原级 比较级 最高级
good好的 better更好的 best最好的
well好；(身体)好的,
bad,badly糟糕的,糟糕地 worse更糟糕的,更糟糕地；(身体)更不舒服的 worst最糟糕的,最糟糕地；(身体)最不舒服的
ill(身体)不舒服的
many许多的(可数) more更多的；更 most最多的；最
much许多的(不可数)；非常
little少的 less更少的 least最少的
far远的；远地 farther更远的；更远地 farthest最远的；最远地
further进一步的(地) furthest最深刻的(地)
形容词/副词原级的用法
"A…+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B"表示A和B一样。
We have produced ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )as many cars as we did last year.我们生产的小汽车数量和去年一样多。
He can run as fast as a deer.他能跑得像鹿一样快。
"A ...+ not as /so十形容词/副词原级+as+B"表示A不如B。
I am not as /so busy as I used to be.我没有过去那么忙了。21世纪教育网版权所有
She doesn't dress so /as strangely as other girls.她穿得没有其他女生奇特。www.21-cn-jy.com
"A ...+as+形容词/副词原级+as ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )+主语+can/could"="A...+s+形容词/副词原级+as possible"表示"尽可能地,尽量"。【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
When we speak to peo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ple,we should be as polite as we can. = When we speak to people,we should be as polite as possible.和人们说话时,我们应该尽量礼貌。21教育名师原创作品
He ran as fast as he could. =He ran as fast as possible.他尽可能快跑。
"A...+times+as+形容词原级+as+B"表示"A是B的几倍"。
This street is three times as wide as that one.这条街是那条街的三倍宽。
形容词/副词比较级的用法
(1)两者比较时,一方高于另一方,用比较级,其结构为"A ...+形容词/副词的比较级+than+B",表示"A比B更……"。
He made few mistakes than you ( did ).他出的错比你少。
Mike can run faster than Tom. Mike比Tom跑得快。
注意：比较级前可以用a lo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t, a little, a bit, much, even, yet, rather, far等词来修饰,表示程度。还可加其他表示数量的词,如an inch taller, a mile farther, an hour earlier。
(2)两者比较时,一方低于另一方,用原形,其结构为"A ... +less+原级+than+B",表示"A不如B"。
I look less young than you,我看上去不如你年轻。
He thinks English is less interesting than maths.他认为英语没有数学有趣。
比较级的特殊用法
(1)表示"越来越……" ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),用"比较级+and+比较级"。多音节形容词表示"越来越……"时,应用"more and more+形容词原级"表示。
School b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uses are becoming more and more popular in China now.现在在中国校车越来越受欢迎了。
Our school is more and more beautiful.我们的学校越来越美丽了。
(2)表示"越……,越……",用"the+比较级,the+比较级"。
The harder you work,the more you will get.你工作越努力,你将得到越多。
(3)表示"两个中比较……的",用"the+比较级+of the two"。
This apple is the bigger of the two.这个苹果是两个中较大的。
形容词/副词最高级的用法
1.表示三者或三者以上的人或事物进行比较, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )用最高级。形容词最高级前要加定冠词the,后面可带of/in短语来说明比较的范围。其结构为"the+最高级+of/in..."。
It plays the most interesting music.那个台播放着最有趣的音乐。
He swims (the) farthest of all。在所有人中,他游得最远。
Who dances (the) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )most beautifully, Tom, Jack or Eric 谁的舞跳得最优美,Tom, Jack还是Eric
形容词最高级前有物主代词修饰时,不再加定冠词the。而副词最高级前通常省略the。
Jack is my best friend.杰克是我最好的朋友。
Yesterday was his busiest day.昨天是他最忙的一天。
2.最高级的特殊用法
(1)表示"最……之一",用"one of the+最高级+复数名词"。
Victor Hugo, bor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n in 1802 in France, was one of the best writers in the 19th century.
1802年出生在法国的维克多·雨果是19世纪最好的作家之一。
(2)最高级前加序数词表示"第……最……的"。
He is the second tallest boy in our class.他是我们班上第二高的男孩。
(3)表示"哪一个最……",用"Which /Who /What is the+最高级二 "。
What is the biggest animal on land 陆地上最大的动物是什么。
Who is the tallest in our class 谁是我们班上最高的
易错警示
(1)并非所有以-ly结尾都是副词,也有是形容词。如:friendly(友好的),daily(日常的),monthly(每月的)。
(2)与形容词同形的副词。如:late ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )adj.迟的,adv.晚;early adj.早的.adv.早;fast adj.快的,adv快地;enough adj.足够的,adv.足够地。
(3)同根副词特例：hard(努力地) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ),hardly(几乎不);near(附近),nearly(几乎);close(靠近),closely(密切地)。
第六讲课堂练习
（1） 语境辨别形容词或副词
1. The Chinese pare ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nts always teach their children to be ______ to others. 21*cnjy*com
A. carefully B. friendly C. lonely
2. Your classroom is so dirty. Everyone should keep it ______.
A. dry B. open C. clean D. quiet
3. It's time fo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )r class．We'd better go to our classroom as ______ as we can．
A．slow1y B．quickly C．quietly D．easily
4. The ice cream tasted so ______ that the kids asked for some more．
A．bad B．badly C． delicious D．well
5. I didn't sleep ______ last night. I feel tired now.
A. well B. nice C. fine D. good
6. ---I don't have enough money. This watch is too expensive.
---Look, there are some more over there. They're ______ and nice.
A. big B. old C. small D. cheap 2·1·c·n·j·y
7. The flower smells and I like it very much.
A. well B. good C. bad D. badly 2-1-c-n-j-y
8. Helen was so e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )xcited at the news that she could say a word.
A. ever B. almost C. hardly D. always
9. The girl in purple is new here, so ________ people know her.
A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
10. Please be ________ .There's an important meeting in the next room.
A. quickly B. quick C. quietly D. quiet
11. Miss Zhou _____ rides a bike to work. Riding keeps her thin and fit.
A. never B. ever. C. usually D. hardly
12. Oh, look at the ball it's ________ to hold hundreds of people.
A. tall enough B. bi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g enough C. too tall D. too big
13. ----That ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )clothes store is ________ on weekends. ----I see. I'll go there next Monday then. A.open B.close C.opened D.closed
14. I'll ______ stay at that hotel again. It's so dirty and noisy.21教育网
A. really B. usually C. still D. never
（2） 比较级、最高级用法
1. The size of this classroom is much ______ than that one.
A. stronger B. bigger C. faster
2. The price of this computer is the _______ of the three.
A. smallest B. biggest C. higest D. tallest
3. 一Whose picture is b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )etter, Jack's or Tom's —I like Jack's and I think Jack draws ______ Tom．
A．better than B．w ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )orse than C．as good as D．as well as
4. ----What bad weath ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er! ----Yes. The radio says it will be even _______ later on.
A. bad B. badly C. worse D. worst
5. We are happy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )that our country has developed _______ these years than before.
A. quickly B. less quickly C. more quickly D. most quickly
6. ---Who did Eng ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lish homework better, Leo or Nick ---Leo was more careful. I think Leo did ____ Nick.
A. as good as B. as well as C. better than D. worse than
7. The more you smile, the ________ you will feel.
A. happy B. happier C. happily D. more happily
8. ----What do ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) you think of the film you saw yesterday ----Oh! It's one of films I've ever seen.
A. Interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting
9. You look tired these days. I think you need a ________sleep. 21*cnjy*com
A. shorter B. shortest. C. better D. best
10. I've got quite a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) few dictionaries. Among them, this English dictionary is ________.
A. much useful B. more useful. C. the most useful D. a little useful 21cnjy.com
11. lin Fang comes ho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me ________ than before this term. She doesn't have so many classes in the afternoon. A.early B.earlier C.late D.later
12. Come here at Christmas! You can buy ______ clothes in a year.
A. the cheapest B. cheaper C. the worst D. worse
13. He has _____ arm ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s now and is able to pick the table up with one hand.
A. weakest B. weaker C. strongest D. stronger
（3） 形容词、副词短语
1. She was very excited and her eyes were______ tears.
A. full with B. filled of C. full of
2. China is very _______ the Great Wall and pandas.
A. famous as B. famous for C. ready to D. ready for
3. ----Where is M ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rs. Welson ----I saw her in the library ______. I'm not sure if she is still there.
A. right now B. just now C. at once D. so far
（4） 巩固拔高
1．—The Chinese governm ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ent is trying to solve the problems between China and other neighboring countries____. —A______way is better for all.
A．peaceful；peacef ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ul B．peaceful；peacefully C．peacefully；peaceful D．peacefully；peacefully
2．—What do you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )think of her teaching English —Great！No one teaches____in our school.
A．good B．worse C．better D．best
3．—Do you have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the____news about Anna —I was told she has gone abroad on June 15th,but I don't know whether she is there now.
A．latest B．funiest C．longest D．worst
4．Mo Yan is one of____writer in the world.
A．famous B．more famous C．most famous D．the most famous
5．—Fred is studying Ch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )inese in one evening school. —Is that true？He has___told me about it.
A．ever B．even C．already D．never
6．We don't want to speak badly or____in front of the class.
A．clearly B．carefully C．carelessly D．properly
7．My sister____goes t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o bed early because she needs a lot of sleep every day.
A．always B．sometimes C．hardly D．never
8．You have to be____and wait until I finish my work.
A．patient B．strict C．honest D．active
9．My son is onl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y 12 years old,but he is____in our family.He grows so fast.
A．tall B．taller C．tallest D．the tallest
10．Air pollution has b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ecome____than ever before.We must do something to stop it.
A．serious B．more serious C．must serious D．the most serious
11．This movie wasn't____.He fell asleep half way through it.
A．interesting enough B ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )．enough interesting C．interested enough D．enough interested
12．I'm not hungry because I have____had lunch.
A．ever B．never C．just D．still
13．Lin Feng c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )omes home____than before this term.She doesn't have so many classes in the afternoon.
A．early B．earlier C．late D．later
14．The weather is becoming____.
A．hotter and hotter B． ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )more hot and hot C．hoter and hoter D．more and more hot
15．—Will Betty ta ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ke part in this year's talent show —I'm sure she will.She is specially____at singing and dancing.
A．lucky B．realistic C．pleased D．good
16．Knowledge is money.But I think it is____money.
A．as important as ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )B．so important as C．more important than D．the same as
17．—I think our chemis ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )try teacher is working hard.He teaches us____. —Yes,but he hasn't come today.He doesn't feel______.21·cn·jy·com
A．good；well B．good；good C．well；good D．well；wellwww-2-1-cnjy-com
18．____I read,______I'll be.
A．The much；the happ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y B．More；happier C．The more；the happier D．The most；the happiest
19．I found he looked____than last time when I went to see him.【出处：21教育名师】
A．better B．well C．good D．worrying
20．—You have go ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t the same shirt as I. —Yes.Mine is____,but not so______as yours.
A．better；expen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sive B．better；more expensive C．more better；expensive D．good；more expensive
第六讲课后练习
1．Da Shan is____at Chinese.He can speak Chinese very______.【版权所有：21教育】
A．good；well B．good；good C．well；good D．well；well
1．—Is air the lightes ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t thing in the world？ —Not____.Scientists from Zhejiang University have just developed the world's lightest material.
A．now B．yet C．then D．again
3．—Did you go to the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) cinema to see 3D Titanic last night —No,I__go to the cinema.The tickets are too expensive.
A．hardly B．nearly C．still D．only
4．We decided not to climb the mountain because it was raining____.
A．heavily B．strongly C．hardly D．badly
5．There has never been such a beautiful village____in the world.
A．anywhere B．everywhere C．somewhere D．nowhere
6．—Is there____about this place —Yes.All the houses here are green.
A．anything spec ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ial B．special anything C．nothing special D．special nothing
7．The experiment was____easier than we had expected.
A．more B．much more C．much D．more much
8．All the children ar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e talking and laughing in the living room,so it is____.
A．small B．noisy C．quiet D．big
9．Canada is larger than____country in North America.
A．any B．any other C．other D．other any
10．John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes____.
A．opeing B．be opened C．to open D．open
11．—Jack,do y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ou think time is money —Yes,but I think it is____money.
A．no important as ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B．not important as C．more important than D．much important than
12．It takes a long time to go there by train,it's____by boat.
A．quick B．the quickest C．much quick D．quicker
13．—The flower looks____. —Yes,and it smells even______.
A．well；good B．nice；better C．good；worse D．better；best
14．She always f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )inishes her homework on time.She____leaves it till tomorrow.
A．always B．never C．usually D．sometimes
15．—Can you understand what I said —Sorry,I can____understand it.
A．hardly B．almost C．nearly D．usually
16．—____is your sister now —She is much better.
A．How B．What C．Where D．Who
17．—Hi,Bob！I can' ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t find my history book.Have you seen it____？ —Sorry,I haven't.
A．somewhere B．everywhere C．nowhere D．anywhere
18．Our family has bought a car,so we can travel____than before.
A．more easily B．easily C．less easily D．most easily
19．Mrs Zhang didn't sl ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eep____last night.She was worried about her daughter.
A．nice B．fine C．well D．good
20．—Mrs Liu i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s popular with kids.—Yes.She____tells interesting stories and sings songs to them.
A．soon B．always C．before D．never
21．The bag of rice ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )is____heavy for the little boy to carry.Let's go and help him.
A．so B．such C．even D．too
22．—Please drive____when you pass a school. —OK,I will.
A．loudly B．closely C．heavily D．slowly
23．She doesn' ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t speak____her friends,but her written work is excellent.
A．as well as B．as often as C．so much as D．so good as
24．Tom is____than the other members in his group.
A．funny B．the funnier C．the funniest D．funnier
25．—It's one of t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he____things in the world to stay with friends. —I agree with you.It always makes us comfortable.
A．happiest B．worst C．busiest D．hardest
26．After living in Pa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ris for fifty years,he returned to the small town____he grew up.
A．which B．where C．that D．when
27．How____the girls are playing！I really want to join them.
A．happy B．happier C．happiest D．happily
28．In yesterday's exam,my sister didn't do well and I did____.
A．even worse B．very well C．much better D．very good
29．Who takes notes____in your class,Tom,Mike or David
A．more careful ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B．more carefully C．the most careful D．the most carefully
30．You should believe her.She is____to decide for herself.
A．young enough B．old enough C．enough old D．enough young
参考答案
第六讲：形容词和副词
课堂练习
（一）语境辩词
1---5:BCBCA; 6---10:DBCAB; 11---14:CBDD
（二）比较级最高级
1---5: BCACC; 6---10:CBDCC; 11---13:BAD
（三）形容词副词短语CBB
（四）巩固拔高 1-5 CCADD 6-10 CAADB 11-15 ACBAD 16-20 CDCAA
课后练习
1-5 ABAAC 6-10 ACBB ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )D 11-15 CBBBA 16-20 ADACB 21-25 DDADA 26-30 BDADB
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