Unit 1-Section B Using language
核心考点归纳&随堂小测
【知识框图】
答案：
【重点词汇】
Essential
Impress
deserve
【重点短语】
愁眉苦脸
笑料，笑柄
笑了起来
恶作剧
实现
侥幸
对……感到满意
【重点词汇】
annoying adj.令人不高兴的;恼人的
【课文原句】
he finds annoying
他发现烦人的
【词汇精讲】
annoying为形容词,表示“令人不高兴的;恼人的”。
It’s annoying that we didn’t know about this before.
令人恼火的是,我们以前并不知道这事。
【词汇拓展】
annoy v.使不高兴
annoy sb使某人不高兴
annoyed adj.不高兴的
be annoyed with sb对某人生气
be annoyed at/about sth因某事生气
be annoyed by...被……惹恼
I could see that he was doing all these to annoy me.
我能明白,他做这一切就是为了烦我。
Mr Davis was annoyed that the books were missing.
那些书不见了,戴维斯先生很懊恼。
She was annoyed with Duncan for forgetting to phone.
邓肯忘了打电话,这让她很生气。
impress vt.使钦佩,使留下深刻印象
【课文原句】
he thinks will impress Holmes
他认为将会给福尔摩斯留下深刻印象
【词汇精讲】
impress为及物动词,表示“使钦佩,使留下深刻印象”。
Nothing in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum.
我的一生中,印象最深的就是第一次参观故宫。
【词汇拓展】
impress sb with/by sth某事给某人留下深刻印象
impress sth on/upon sb使某人意识到(重要性等)
impression n.印象;印记
leave/make a(n)...impression on sb给某人留下……的印象
impressive adj. 令人印象深刻的;感人的
She impressed the audience with a beautiful song at the stage.
她在舞台上演唱那首优美的歌曲给观众留下了深刻印象。
My words made no impression on her.
我的话对她没有任何影响。
deserve v.应得,应受到
【课文原句】
We all deserve a second chance,I guess.
想我们都应该再得到一次机会。
【词汇精讲】
deserve 为动词,意为“应得,应受到”。
The article deserves careful study.
这篇文章值得仔细研究。
The thieves deserve to be sent to prison.
那些小偷应该入狱。
【词汇拓展】
deserve to do sth值得/应该做某事
deserve doing/to be done值得/应该被……
deserve well/ ill of sb应该受到某人好的/坏的对待
You deserve to be sent to prison for what you have done.
按你的所作所为来讲,你应该被送进监狱。
The proposal he put forward deserves considering.
他提出的建议值得考虑。
【名师点津】
deserve后接动词-ing为主动形式表示被动意义,相当于接动词不定式的被动形式。有此类用法的词还有表示“需要”的need,want,require等。
wake up(使)醒来
【课文原句】
Suddenly,in the middle of the night,Waston is woken up by Holmes .
半夜,华生突然被 的福尔摩斯惊醒。
【词汇精讲】
wake up为动词短语,表示“(使)醒来”。
If it is possible,try to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day.
如果可能的话,试着每天在同一时间睡觉和醒来。
【词汇拓展】
wake up to认识到
He hasn’t yet woken up to the seriousness of the situation.
他还没意识到情况的严重性。
【温馨提示】
当wake up后面跟代词作宾语时,把代词放在up前面。
【重点句式】
It’s the one day of the year when people in many parts of the world play practical jokes on each other.
这是一年中世界上许多地方的人们互相开玩笑的一天。
【句式剖析】
该句中when引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词the one day。
【句式拓展】
when引导定语从句的用法:
(1)当先行词是表时间意义的词语,如day,week,month,year,time,occasion等,且关系词在从句中
作时间状语时,定语从句要用when引导。
At the time when I saw him,he was quite strong.
我见到他的时候,他很强壮。
Do you remember the day when we first met
你还记得我们第一次见面的那一天吗
(2)当先行词是表示时间的名词时,若关系词在从句中充当时间状语,则用when引导;若关系词在从句中充当主语或宾语,则用which或that引导。
Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm
你记得我们一起在农场度过的日子吗 (that/which在从句中作spent的宾语)
Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night
你记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗 (when在从句中作状语)
(3)when可以替换成“介词+which”。
I have forgotten the exact date on which (=when)this country became independent.
我忘记这个国家独立的确切日期了。
【重点语法--非限制性定语从句】
定语从句分为限制性定语和非限制性定语从句,非限制性定语从句在句中主要起补充说明作用,与主句之间往往有逗号隔开,独立存在,缺失也不会影响整个句子的意思。
1.who引导的非限制性定语从句
Our guide,who was a French Canadian,was an excellent cook.
我们的向导,一个法裔加拿大人,擅长烹调。
2.whom引导的非限制性定语从句
关系代词whom用于指人,在句中作动词或介词宾语,作介词宾语时,介词可位于句末。
Peter,whom you met in London,is now back in Paris.
彼得现在回巴黎了,你在伦敦见过他。
3.whose引导的非限制性定语从句
whose是关系代词who的所有格形式,在从句中作定语。
whose通常指人,也可指动物或无生命的事物。
The boy,whose father is an engineer,studies very hard.
那位小男孩学习很努力,他的父亲是位工程师。
4.which引导的非限制性定语从句
关系代词which在非限制性定语从句中所指代和修饰的可以是主句中的名词、形容词、短语、其他从句或整个主句,在从句中作主语、动词宾语、介词宾语或表语。
(1)which指代主句中的形容词。
She was very patient towards the children,which her husband seldom was.
她对孩子们很耐心,她丈夫却很少这样。
She is always careless,which we should not be.
她总是马虎大意,我们可不应该这样。
(2)which指代主句中的名词。
These apple trees,which I planted three years ago,have not borne any fruit.
这些苹果树是我三年前栽的,还没有结过果实。
Water,which is a kind of clear liquid,has many uses.
水是一种清澈的液体,有许多用途。
(3)which指代整个主句。
In the presence of so many people he was a little tense,which was understandable.
在那么多人面前他有点紧张,这是可以理解的。
(4)which指代主句中的某个从句。
He said that he had never seen her before,which was not true.
他说以前从没见过她,这不是真的。
5.where引导的非限制性定语从句
关系副词where在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语,指代主句中表示地点的词语。
They went to London,where they lived for six months.
他们去了伦敦,在那儿待了六个月。
6.when引导的非限制性定语从句
关系副词when在非限制性定语从句中作时间状语,指代主句中表示时间的词语。
He will put off the picnic until May 1st,when he will be free.
他将把郊游推迟到5月1日,那时他将有空。
7.as引导的非限制性定语从句
as在非限制性定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语,且引出的从句位置比较灵活,可位于句首或句末,也可置于主句中间,通常均由逗号将其与主句隔开。as有“正如……,就像……”之意。
As is known to the Americans,Mark Twain is a great American writer.
美国人都知道,马克·吐温是一位伟大的美国作家。(as在从句中作主语)
As we all know,the earth is round.
众所周知,地球是圆的。 (as在从句中作宾语)
He is absorbed in work,as he often was.
他正在全神贯注地工作,他过去经常这样。(as在从句中作表语)
8.“名词/代词+of+which / whom”引导的非限制性定语从句
It now has 20,000 hectares of land,more than two-thirds of which are under cultivation.
现在它拥有两万公顷土地,其中超过三分之二已经耕种。
9.“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句
关系代词有时并不代表主句中某一确定的词,而是概括整个主句的意思。介词的选择取决于它与先行词的搭配或与从句中谓语动词的搭配。
They thanked Tom,without whose support they would not have succeeded.
他们感谢汤姆,如果没有他的支持他们不会成功。
They were short of sticks to make frames for the climbing vines,without which the yield would be halved.
他们缺搭葡萄藤架的杆儿,没有它们产量会减少一半。
10.非限制性定语从句引导词的特殊情况
(1)关系代词在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可省略,若指人时,只用whom,不用who。
York,which I visited last year,is a nice old city.
我去年访问过约克,那是个古老而美丽的城市。
(2)非限制性定语从句不可用that引导。
The famous basketball star,who tried to make a comeback,attracted a lot of attention.
这位试图打反击的著名篮球明星吸引了众人的注意。
(3)非限制性定语从句不可用why引导,需用for which替代why。
None of us accepted the reason he explained,for which he was absent.
我们没有一个人接受他所解释的缺席的理由。
【随堂小测】
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Setting goals is the (必不可少的)part to achieving success in any area.
2.Here are some easy ways for you to (留下深刻印象)your classmates or teachers.
3.You (应得)a rest after the hard work you have done.
4.He was (咧嘴笑)from ear to ear when I saw him.
5.It’s (令人恼火的)that we didn’t know about this before.
6.The project, lasted three years,cost no less than $1 billion.
7.The novel, I read last night,is very interesting.
8.The novel is very interesting, makes me very excited.
9.She has a younger brother, is an English teacher.
10.He did it successfully, had been expected.
答案：
essential
impress
deserve
grinning
annoying
Which
Which
Which
Who
As
Ⅱ.翻译句子
1.他的演讲如此出色,给我们留下了深刻的印象。
2.我觉得这不公平,我认为我应该再得到一次机会。
3.你为什么愁眉苦脸 发生什么事了
4.有几个男孩喜欢对她搞恶作剧。
5.为了让他的妻子展颜微笑,他愿意做任何事情。
答案:His speech was so impressive that we were deeply impressed at it.
答案:I felt that it was not fair,and I believed I deserved a second chance.
答案:Why do you pull a long face What has happened with you
答案:Some boys are fond of playing practical jokes on her.
答案:The man was willing to do anything to make his wife crack a smile.
Ⅲ.语法填空
1. (cover)one third of the Earth’s surface,grasslands sometimes 2. (know)by many names,such as savannah or plains.
The health of grasslands depends 3. how much animals feed on native plants.If too many animals feed on the plants,the area could become a desert.But too little feeding can also be bad for grasslands.
The Great Plains,4. are famous for supporting large cattle ranches (畜牧场),cover a large area in the middle of the United States.5. (make)their businesses more successful by feeding more cattle and sheep without destroying the environment of grasslands,a growing number of local ranchers are joining with 6. (environment)groups willingly nowadays.7. (compare)with the ranchers,these groups pay more attention to the 8. (protect)of the health of grasslands.And one of their 9. (goal)is to protect native plants and animals.After years of effort,they have increased the income (收入)for local ranches,and at 10. same time,they have protected the Great Plains.
答案：
Covering
are known
On/upon
Which
To make
Environmental
Compared
Protection
Goals
theUnit 1-Section A Starting out & Understanding ideas
核心考点归纳&随堂小测
【知识框图】
答案：
【重点词汇】
Mood
Circus
Amusement
Ankle
Entertainment
Examine
Advertisement
Employer
【重点短语】
游乐场
医疗保健
(使)高兴起来,(使)振作起来
奏效,达到预期效果
因...而抱歉
穿上
浏览
掉下来
痛苦地
作为
设计用于
超过
全神贯注于
反过来
【词汇拓展】
1.mood→(adj.)moody
2.amusement
→(v.)amuse
→(adj.令人快乐的)amusing
→(adj.感到快乐的)amused
3.entertain→(n.)entertainment
4.examine→(n.)examination
5.advertisement→(v.)advertise
6.employer
→(n.被雇用的人)employee
→(v.)employ
【重点词汇】
complain vi. 抱怨
【课文原句】
Show everyone you are worried and complain.
向每个人显示你很担心和抱怨。
【词汇精讲】
本句中complain是不及物动词,意为“抱怨,埋怨”。
One complained that the room was not clean.
有人抱怨说房间不干净。
【词汇拓展】
complain (to sb)about/of sth(向某人)抱怨某事
complain that...抱怨……
complaint n. 抱怨; 投诉
make/have a complaint against/about... 对……投诉
She is always complaining of her toothache to the doctor.
她老是跟大夫抱怨她牙痛。
If you have a complaint about your holiday,please inform us in writing.
如果您对您的假日有什么意见,请书面告知我们。
mood n.心情
【课文原句】
Lift the mood with a joke and explore the area.
用一个笑话来振奋情绪,探索这个区域。
【词汇精讲】
mood为名词,表示“心情;情绪;气氛”。
I’m not in the mood to disagree with you.
我没有心思跟你争论。
【词汇拓展】
have a/an...mood有……心情
in the mood for (doing) sth/to do sth有心情做某事
in a good/no mood心情好/没有心情
He had an angry mood yesterday.
昨天他有一种愤怒的情绪。
He is in the mood for listening to various music.
他有心情听各种不同的音乐。
I’m in no mood to attend the party.
我无心去参加宴会。
put on穿上;戴上;上演;增加;假装
【课文原句】
That is until I put on my curly rainbow wig,big red nose,and add my name badge “Doctor Larry Laugh-Out-Loud”.
直到我戴上我的卷曲彩虹假发、大红鼻子,并加上我的名字徽章“大笑医生拉里”。
【词汇精讲】
本句中put on表示 “戴上”;它还有“穿上;上演;增加;假装”之意。
In my opinion,too many snacks will not only make us put on weight but also do harm to our health.
在我看来,吃太多零食不仅会使我们发胖,而且会有害健康。
The band hopes to put on a show before the end of the year.
那个乐队希望年底之前举办一场演出。
【词汇拓展】
put aside搁置一边;储存
put away放好;收起来
put back放回;收回
put forward提出
put in插入;放进;提出
put off推迟;延期
put out生产;扑灭
put up举起;张贴;建造
put up with忍受,容忍
My father wanted me to have some money put aside for a rainy day.
父亲要我省点钱以备急需。
I’ll have to put up with the noise till I move next week.
我下周就要搬家了,在此之前,我还得忍受这种噪音。
approach vt.& vi.接近;靠近;走近 n.接近;方法;途径;通道
【课文原句】
As I approach the hospital wearing my white coat,I look just like any other doctor.
当我穿着白大褂走近医院时,我看起来就像其他医生一样。
【词汇精讲】
approach作动词时,意为“接近,靠近;走近”;
approach还有名词的词性,表示“接近;方法;途径;通道”,常与介词to连用。
As Teachers’ Day was approaching,our class decided to hold a party to celebrate it.
随着教师节的临近,我们班决定举办一场晚会来庆祝。
Despite using a scientific approach to detecting the underwater,nothing has been found.
尽管使用了一种科学的方法来探测水下,但什么也没有发现。
【词汇拓展】
approach sb/sth靠近/接近某人/某物
(an) approach to (doing) sth性质或特点相似的事物;(做某事)的方法/途径
make an approach to与……进行探讨;接洽
I appreciate the professor’s new approach to teaching languages.
我欣赏这位教授教语言的新方法。
The club has made an approach to a local company for sponsorship.
俱乐部已向当地一家公司寻求赞助。
more than非常;超过;不只是
【课文原句】
I spent much of the time when I was there feeling frightened and more than a little bored!
我在那里很多时间会感到害怕甚至非常无聊!
【词汇精讲】
more than在此用在a little bored前,表示“非常”;
“more than+数词或从句”表示“超过……”;
“more than+名词”表示“不只是;不仅是……”。
Hearing what the head teacher said,I was more than glad and my heart beat wildly.
听到校长说的话,我非常高兴,心跳加速。
Parents are more than providers for their kids and they are also their first teachers.
父母不仅要给孩子提供吃穿,还是孩子的启蒙老师。
【词汇拓展】
no more than只不过;仅仅
not more than不超过;至多
more...than...与其说……不如说……
The meeting lasted no more than an hour.
会议只开了一个小时。
In my view,he was more lazy than stupid.
依我看来,与其说他笨倒不如说他懒。
design n.& vt.设计;图案;构思;计划
【课文原句】
Although the doctors and nurses did a great job,hospitals weren’t really designed for children.
虽然医生和护士做得很好,但医院并不是真正为儿童设计的。
【词汇精讲】
本句中design为动词,表示 “设计;构思;计划”。
design还可作名词,表示“设计,图案”。
Those buildings were designed on the American style of architecture.
那些建筑是按美国建筑风格设计的。
The new plane is in its final design stage.
新飞机正处于最后设计阶段。
【词汇拓展】
be designed for/to do sth旨在/打算被用来做某事
by design故意地;蓄意地
be designed as被设计成
This project designed to help jobless people just didn’t work out as planned.
设计这个项目本来是要帮助那些无工作的人们,结果却和计划的不一样。
Did it happen by accident or by design
这件事是出于偶然还是有意安排
This course is specially designed for beginners like you.
这门课程是专门为像你这样的初学者设计的。
cheer up(使)高兴起来;(使)振作起来
【课文原句】
On a typical day,we spend our time cheering up patients,their families,and more often than not,the hospital staff,too!
平常,我们把时间花在为病人、他们的家人通常还有医院工作人员打气上!
【词汇精讲】
cheer up为动词短语,表示“(使)高兴起来;(使)振作起来”。
When I’m feeling sad,my mother tells me funny stories to cheer me up.
当我感到忧伤时,我的母亲就给我讲有趣的故事哄我高兴。
【词汇拓展】
cheer sb on (比赛中)为某人喝彩;为某人加油
cheer for为……而欢呼
Cheers!(用于祝酒)干杯!
They gathered round her and cheered her on.
他们聚集在她旁边为她加油。
This is just for you.Cheers!
这是特意为你调制的。干杯!
typical adj. 平常的;典型的,有代表性的;特有的
【课文原句】
On a typical day,we spend our time cheering up patients,their families,and more often than not,the hospital staff,too!
平常,我们把时间花在为病人、他们的家人通常还有医院工作人员打气上!
【词汇精讲】
typical为形容词,表示“平常的;典型的,有代表性的;特有的”。
On a typical day,we receive about 50 letters.
我们通常一天收到大约50封信。
He spoke with typical enthusiasm.
他以其特有的热情讲话。
【词汇拓展】
be typical of...典型的……,有代表性的……
it’s typical of sb to do sth某人做某事一向如此
typically adv.典型地,有代表性地
It is said that this painting is typical of his early works.
据说这幅画是他早期的代表作。
It is typical of my grandpa to forget things.
我爷爷老是爱忘事。
replace vt.取代;替换;代替;把……放回原处
【课文原句】
Although she is clearly still in some pain,her scared and anxious look has been replaced—first by a small smile,and then by loud laughter as I “magically” produce her sock from out of my pocket.
虽然她明显还有些痛苦,但她恐惧和焦虑的表情首先被一个小小的微笑所取代,然后在我从口袋里“神奇地”拿出她的袜子时变成开怀大笑。
【词汇精讲】
replace为及物动词,可表示“取代;替换;代替;把……放回原处”。
She carefully replaced the china plate on the shelf.
她小心翼翼地把瓷盘放回到架子上。
【词汇拓展】
replace sth with/by sth用……替换……
take the place of=take one’s place 代替
in place of代替
I’ll replace the cup I have broken with a new one.
我将用一只新杯子赔偿被我打碎的那只。
No one could take her mother’s place in her mind.
没有人可以取代她母亲在她心目中的地位。
Who will take the place of Mr. Smith
谁将取代史密斯先生的位置呢
concentrate on全神贯注于
【课文原句】
While the doctor concentrates on examining Lara’s ankle,I get her attention by doing a magic trick.
当医生集中精力检查劳拉的脚踝时,我用一个魔术来吸引她的注意。
【词汇精讲】
concentrate on 表示“全神贯注于”,其后跟名词、动词-ing形式。
Concentrate on some positive and relaxing things.
将注意力集中在一些积极的、轻松的事情上。
【词汇拓展】
concentrate on (doing)sth专心(做)某事
concentrate one’s mind/one’s attention/oneself on集中注意力于;致力于;专心于
concentration n.集中;专心
focus on集中精力于
fix/focus one’s mind/attention on/upon...集中注意力于……
Speaking on the phone requires concentration and takes a driver’s attention from the road.
打电话需要集中注意力,这样就分散了司机对路面的注意力。
Everyone should focus on his/ her future.
人人应该关注自己的未来。
in turn轮流;依次;反过来
【课文原句】
Seeing their daughter so much happier has in turn made Lara’s parents more relaxed.
看到他们的女儿如此快乐,这反过来让劳拉的父母也跟着变得更加放松了。
【词汇精讲】
in turn 在此意为“反过来”,还可译为“轮流;依次”。
He spends too much time on maths,and this in turn affects the progress of his other subjects.
他在数学上花的时间太多,这反过来影响了他其他学科的进步。
The girls called out their names in turn.
那些女孩儿逐一报出自己的名字。
【词汇拓展】
in return (for...)作为……的交换;作为……的报答
by turns轮流;时而……时而……
You mentioned that you would like to teach me English in return,which is exactly what I am dying for.
你提到你想教我英语作为回报,这正是我所渴望的。
The two sisters took care of their sick mother by turns.
两姐妹轮流照顾生病的母亲。
【重点句式】
While there might be more hospital visits ahead for Lara and others,I hope that clown doctors help make it a friendlier place to visit.
虽然劳拉和其他人可能还会再进几次医院接受治疗,但我希望小丑医生能使这里成为一个更友好的场所。
【句式剖析】
此句包含一个while引导的让步状语从句,通常表示“虽然,尽管”。
While I understand you,I don’t agree with you.
虽然我理解你,但还是不能同意你的看法。
While she is a top student,she has a lot of shortcomings.
尽管她是一个优秀的学生,她也有很多缺点。
【句式拓展】
①while可引导让步状语从句,意为“尽管;虽然”。
②while可引导时间状语从句,意为“当……时,在……时”。
③while可以用来表示对比,意为“然而,可是”。
Be more careful while you are crossing the street.
穿过街道时小心点儿!
I earn only $100 a week while he earns $300.
我一个星期只赚100美元,而他却赚300美元。
As I approach the hospital wearing my white coat,I look just like any other doctor.
当我穿着白大褂走近医院时,我看起来就像其他医生一样。
【句式剖析】
as意为“随着;当……时”,引导时间状语从句。
You will grow wiser as you grow older.
你会随着年龄的增长而越来越聪明。
As our life improves,we find little time to gather with our friends.
随着生活水平的提高,我们发现和朋友的聚会变少了。
【句式拓展】
as用作从属连词的用法:
①引导原因状语从句,意为“由于;因为”。
②引导时间状语从句,强调主从句谓语动词的同时性,意为“当……时候;一边……一边……;随着”。
③引导让步状语从句,意为“尽管;虽然;即使”,句子要用倒装结构。
④引导方式状语从句,意为“以……方式;按照”。
⑤引导比较状语从句,意为“和……一样”。
Remember,you must do everything as I do.
记住,你必须按照我做的那样做一切事情。
He speaks English as well as you do.
他英语说得和你一样好。
【名师指津】
as是连词,意为“随着”,引导时间状语从句;
with是介词,意为“随着”,后接名词或代词等,构成with短语或with复合结构。
As time went by/With time going by,I gradually adapted myself to the school life.
随着时间的流逝,我逐渐适应了学校生活。
【随堂练习】
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.It’s best to go to the gallery or view the art when you’re in a relaxed
(心情).
2.There are no books or television or radio for a .
3.It offers a full range of shopping,leisure and (娱乐)facilities.
4.When I went to pay him a visit,he was being (检查)by a doctor.
5.He hurt his (脚踝)and had to be helped home.
6.We finally made an agreement with the (雇主).
答案:mood
答案:amusement
答案:entertainment
答案:examined
答案:ankle
答案:employer(s)
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.尽管我承认有问题存在,但我不同意说这些问题不能解决。
that there are problems,I don’t agree that they cannot be solved.
2.任何理论都来源于实践,反过来为实践服务。
All theories originate from practice and serve practice.
3.我们许多人一边工作一边听音乐,以为这样有助于我们集中精力完成手头的工作。
Many of us listen to music while we work,thinking that it will help us to
at hand.
4.想办法高兴点儿,生活并不是那么糟!
Try and a bit;life isn’t that bad!
5.因为夜间吵闹的音乐声,这支乐队受到了很多埋怨。
The band got a load of the loud music at night.
答案:While I admit
答案:in turn
答案:concentrate on the task
答案:cheer up
答案:complaints about
Ⅲ.概要写作
根据P2—P3课文内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
参考范文:
Working as a clown doctor,I would wear my white coat and put on a red nose.(要点1)In the waiting area,I try my best to comfort the crying children by telling stories or silly jokes,aiming to cheer up patients,the families,and maybe the hospital staff.(要点2)Owing to my efforts,painful faces are replaced by smile and laughter.(要点3)Therefore,“laughter is the best medicine.”(要点4)Unit 1-Section C Developing ideas & Presenting ideas & Reflection
核心考点归纳&随堂小测
【知识框图】
答案：
【重点词汇】
Interaction
Shave
Fellow
Concept
Spot
Cruel
Whisper
Complicated
Conclude
Composer
【重点短语】
某种类型的幽默
(故意提出难以回答或尴尬的问题)使某人难堪
斥责，责骂
不能按时完成(工作)
尤其
由于
把...结合起来
删去，删减
对……进行新的阐述
反应迅速
发出哄笑
【重点词汇】
combine vt.& vi.组合;(使)联合
【课文原句】
Closer to modern times,someone who is remembered for his ability to combine humour with more serious messages is American writer,Mark Twain.
更接近现代的一个人是美国作家马克·吐温,他将幽默与更严肃的信息结合起来的能力为人们所铭记。
【词汇精讲】
本句中的combine为及物动词,意为“组合”,其后直接跟宾语;
作不及物动词时,其后加介词with。
Sometimes to express ideas,some characters were made by combining two or more characters together.有时候为了表达思想,一些汉字是由两个或更多的汉字组合而成。
【词汇拓展】
combine to do sth联(结)合起来干……
combine A with/and B联合A和B
combine against...为反抗……而联合
combination n.[U] 联合;结合 [C]混合体;结合体
They combined their efforts to finish the work.
他们结合彼此的力量完成工作。
The two parties combined against the government.
两党联合起来反对政府。
Pink is a combination of red and white.
粉红色是红色与白色的混合。
acquire vt. 购得;获得,得到;取得
【课文原句】
Mark Twain(1835—1910)was an American writer,humorist,lecturer and adventurer,who acquired international fame for his travel narratives...
马克·吐温(1835—1910)是美国作家、幽默作家、演说家和冒险家,他的旅行故事在国际上享有盛誉……
【词汇精讲】
acquire为及物动词,在此句中表示“获得,得到”;同时它还有“购得;取得”等含义。
The company has recently acquired new offices in central London.
该公司最近在伦敦市中心收购了新的办事处。
【词汇拓展】
acquire a taste for sth开始喜欢
acquire a knowledge of学会……
acquire a habit of养成……的习惯
We want people to acquire the habit of using public transport instead of their cars.
我们希望人们养成使用公共交通工具而不是私家车的习惯。
It’s important to acquire a good knowledge of English.
学好英语非常重要。
【易混辨析】
acquire/obtain/gain/get/win/earn
whisper v.悄声说,低语
【课文原句】
The man whispered something in the lion’s ear,after which the lion shook its head and walked away unhappily.
那人在狮子耳边低声说了些什么,然后狮子摇摇头,不高兴地走开了。
【词汇精讲】
whisper在此处为动词,表示“小声说,低语”。
whisper还可作名词,表示“低语”。
Dad whispered a warning to us to keep quiet.
爸爸低声警告我们要保持安静。
【词汇拓展】
whisper (sth)to sb对某人小声说(某事)
whisper about sb/sth密谈某人/某事
whisper (to sb)that...(对某人)小声说……
It is whispered that...有人私下说……
in a whisper/in whispers低声说
What are you whispering about 你们在小声说什么
He whispered to me that he was afraid.
他低声对我说他害怕。
They talked with each other in a whisper/in whispers in the corner.
他们在角落里低声交谈。
spot n.地点;场所 v.看见
【课文原句】
Once,having been invited to dinner at a university,he was put on the spot when the president suddenly asked him to give a speech.
有一次,他被邀请到一所大学参加晚宴,当校长突然请他发表演讲时,这令他很难堪。
【词汇精讲】
spot在该句中为名词,表示“场所”,put on the spot意为“使某人难堪”;
spot还可作动词,表示“看见”。
He showed me the exact spot where he had asked her to marry him.
他把他当时向她求婚的确切地点指给我看。
【词汇拓展】
on the spot在现场
spot sb doing sth发现某人正在做某事
be spotted with散布;点缀
high spot显著之点
When the man was trying to break into the bank,he was caught by the police on the spot.
当那个人试图闯入银行时,他被警察当场抓获了。
Someone spotted him leaving there soon afterwards.
事后不久有人发现他离开了那儿。
The yellow fields were spotted with red flowers.
黄色的田野点缀着红色的鲜花。
keep up坚持;跟上;维持;沿袭(风俗、传统等)
【课文原句】
It’s so funny to watch him trying to keep up!
看着他努力跟上真有趣!
【词汇精讲】
keep up为不及物动词短语,表示“坚持;跟上;维持;沿袭”。
In face of the challenge for the moment,it’s the most important to keep up a good state of health.
面对目前的挑战,最重要的是保持良好的身体状态。
【词汇拓展】
keep it up保持优秀成绩;继续干下去
keep up with 赶上;不落在后面
keep in touch with 与……保持联系
keep...out of 不使……入内;不惹事
keep away from 不(使)接近
keep/bear...in mind记住……
You’re doing great.You just keep it up!
你做得很好。继续努力!
Keep it in mind that sometimes the rough road is the only access to the peak.
记住,有时艰难的道路是通向顶峰的唯一途径。
shocked adj. 惊讶的;吃惊的
【课文原句】
The tiger looked shocked and hurried away.
老虎看起来很震惊,赶紧走开了。
【词汇精讲】
shocked在此句中为形容词,表示“震惊的,惊讶的”。
He was too shocked to give an account of what had happened.
他太震惊了,没能说出发生的事。
【词汇拓展】
shock v.使震惊;使惊愕 n.震惊;惊愕
be shocked at/by对……感到震惊
to one’s shock令某人震惊的是……
shock sb into (doing) sth让某人震惊而做某事
shocking adj.令人震惊的
She knew how much the bad news would shock me.
她知道那个坏消息会使我多么震惊。
His death was a great shock to us all.
他的死使我们大家都大为震惊。
They were shocked by her rudeness.
他们对她的无礼感到震惊。
【重点句式】
Once,having been invited to dinner at a university,he was put on the spot when the president suddenly asked him to give a speech.
有一次,他被邀请到一所大学参加晚宴,当校长突然请他发表演讲时,这令他很难堪。
【句式剖析】
having been invited to dinner at a university为动词-ing形式的完成被动式。
在该句子中表示be invited这一动作发生在was put on the spot这一动作之前;
when the president suddenly asked him to give a speech为when引导的时间状语从句。
【句式拓展】
动词不定式一般式的被动式由“to be+动词的过去分词”构成,动词不定式的完成式的被动式由“to have been+动词的过去分词”构成。
All you have to do is cross out the wrong words.
你所要做的就是删掉错误的单词。
【句式剖析】
该句中All you have to do为主语从句,其中you have to do为定语,修饰主语All,省略了引导词that;其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
cross out the wrong words为表语,省略了不定式符号to。
【句式拓展】
常见的主语从句:
(1)that开头的句子
That he can speak French is known to all.
众所周知,他会说法语。
(2)it作形式主语的从句
It is a surprise that he can speak English and French.
他能说英语和法语是一个惊喜。
It turns out that he can speak English and French.
结果是他能说英语和法语。
(3)whether引导的从句
Whether you can speak French depends on your effort.
你是否能说法语取决于你的努力。
(4)其他连接词的主语从句
What you want can change your life.
你所想要的能改变你的生活。
【写作指导】
如何介绍最喜欢的电影类型
假如你是李华,学校举办电影节,请以“我最喜欢的电影类型”为主题,向校报投稿,内容包括:
1.最喜欢的电影类型;
2.阐述原因。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
一、审题构思
1.确定体裁:本文需要介绍最喜欢的电影类型,故应该为说明文;
2.确定人称:本文需要客观地介绍电影,所以主要人称为第一人称、第三人称;
3.确定时态:以一般现在时为主。
二、谋篇布局
为使文章通顺连贯,习作内容应该包括以下三个方面:
1.总说最喜欢的电影类型。
2.分条说明喜欢的原因。
3.总结自己的感受。
三、组织语言
核心词汇
1.comedy喜剧
2.various各种各样的
3.relieve减轻
4.pressure压力
5.spirits情绪
6.mental精神的
7.physical身体的
8.effective有效的
9.way方法
10.situations情况
四、高级句式
1.在我们的生活中,我们急需幽默和喜剧。(主谓宾结构)
We badly need humour and comedy in our life.
2.有各种各样的原因。(there be句型)
There are various reasons.
3.我们总是在生活中忙于无穷无尽的工作。(be busy with结构)
We are always busy with endless work in life.
4.对我们来说,让我们自己从辛苦的工作中解脱一会儿很重要。(it作形式主语)
It is important for us to set ourselves free from hard work for a while.
5.看喜剧能帮助我们减轻这样的压力。(动词-ing作主语)
Watching comedy can help relieve us of such pressure.
6.看喜剧会是一个处理困难情况的有效的方法,它是生活中最好的药。(动词不定式作宾语)
Watching comedy can be an effective way of dealing with difficult situations and it is the best medicine in life.
8.让我们在生活中充分享受看喜剧吧。(let’s结构)
7.看喜剧总能使我们保持高昂的情绪,这对我们精神和身体的健康都有益处。(非限制性定语从句)
Watching comedy can always keep us in high spirits,which will do good to both our mental and physical health.
Let’s fully enjoy watching comedy in our lives.
五、连句成文
I like comedy most
We badly need humour and comedy in our life.There are various reasons.
Firstly,we are always busy with endless work in life.Therefore,it is important for us to set ourselves free from hard work for a while.Therefore,watching comedy can help relieve us of such pressure.Secondly,watching comedy can always keep us in high spirits,which will do good to both our mental and physical health.What’s more,watching comedy can be an effective way of dealing with difficult situations and it is the best medicine in life.
In a word,let’s fully enjoy watching comedy in our lives.
【随堂小测】
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.I used to speak French,but I haven’t keep it .
2.The physicist is deeply involved defining the workings of the universe.
3.In (conclude),good interpersonal skills are a must for our future social life.
4.“Hello,Sir,”the little girl spoke almost a whisper.
5. (live)in Beijing for years,I almost know every place quite well.
6.Rescue workers (shock)by what they saw.
7.Although she wore a pair of sunglasses,she (spot)by the media reporters.
8.It is important that the father should create a family atmosphere filled
love.
9.This study may throw new light its present state.
10.I’m always being told for being so awkward.
11.The whole meal was good but the wine particular was excellent.
12.He looked surprised,then proceeded to roar laughter.
13.We should learn to combine work pleasure.
答案：
up
in
conclusion
in
Having lived
were shocked
was spotted
with
On
off
In
With
With
Ⅱ.课文语法填空
Humour plays an essential part in our daily life.It has 1.__________history of thousands of years,2.__________can be discovered in ancient writings.Humour can not only entertain but 3.__________(bright)embarrassing situations.Some well-known 4.__________(write)particularly understand the 5.__________(important)of humour,6.__________(include)Lin Yutang and Mark Twain.They all believed humour was 7.__________laughter,and that it could8.__________(consider)a way of life.Living and working with others can sometimes be 9.__________(complicate),and humour can make this 10.__________(easy).
答案：
A
Which
Brighten
Writers
Importance
Including
Beyond
be considered
Complicated
Easier
