2021年高考英语语法精炼 情态动词(含答案解析)

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名称 2021年高考英语语法精炼 情态动词(含答案解析)
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2021年高考英语语法精炼 情态动词
一.选择题(共32小题)
1.I ________ pay Lucy a visit,but I'm not sure whether I will have time this Sunday.(  )
A.could B.should C.would D.shall
2.﹣﹣Must I study medicine and be a doctor like you,Dad?
﹣﹣No,you ______,son.You're free to make your own decision.(  )
A.can't B.mustn't C.shouldn't D.needn't
3._________ anyone treat me like that,I _________ complain to the manager.(  )
A.Should;would B.Did;should
C.Would;might D.Could;might
4.﹣Must I finish the paper today?
﹣No,you _________.You can hand it in next week.(  )
A.needn't B.can C.have to D.mustn't
5.﹣﹣I missed the first part of the film.It was really a pity.
﹣﹣You __________ home half an hour earlier.(  )
A.should go B.must have gone
C.should leave D.should have left
6.The man ____ be a doctor in this hospital,but I'm not sure.(  )
A.can B.might C.must D.would
7.The supermarket is only ten minutes' walk,so you _____ drive the car.(  )
A.need not to B.not need to
C.don't need D.need not
8.﹣Mum,may I go to the concert with Tom tonight?
﹣No,you .Because it will be rainy.(  )
A.needn't B.don't have to
C.mustn't D.shouldn't
9.Without your selfless assistance,we the doctors and nurses to the earthquake﹣stricken area last week.(  )
A.didn't take B.can't take
C.couldn't have taken D.should have taken
10.The designer has tried every possible way to make the robot light,so you_______worry about its weight(  )
A.must B.may C.can't D.needn't
11.People's abilities differ,but their rights and opportunities _______ be the same.(  )
A.could B.might C.need D.should
12.Since nobody could help Mary with her study,she have finished it by herself.(  )
A.can B.need C.must D.should
13.If fish are jumping higher than usual or frogs are croaking more loudly,it rain.(  )
A.must B.may C.shall D.need
14.﹣﹣Isn't it surprising that Mary ________ have married Bruce?
﹣﹣Honestly,it is beyond my wildest imagination.(  )
A.must B.should C.might D.shall
15.My book,Between Two Kingdoms,is missing.Who have taken it?(  )
A.must B.should C.will D.could
16.Driving in rush hours might be very dangerous,so you _______ be too careful.(  )
A.can B.mustn't C.can't D.must
17.﹣﹣Look,the boy is crying sadly.
﹣﹣Yes.From my point of view,his mother ________ not have punished him so severely.(  )
A.can B.must C.should D.may
18.Everyone fasten their seat belt when sitting in the back of the car.(  )
A.may B.can C.might D.must
19.﹣﹣﹣Sorry,Professor Smith.I didn't finish the assignment yesterday.
﹣﹣﹣Oh,you __________ it as yesterday was the deadline.(  )
A.might have done B.need to do
C.should have done D.must do
20.According to the new rule,families with elders and disabled persons ________get more support and assistance.(  )
A.can B.may C.should D.shall
21.﹣﹣﹣Mary,I got lost.
﹣﹣﹣Sorry,I________ a map for you.(  )
A.must have drawn B.should draw
C.could draw D.ought to have drawn
22.The professor _____ sit in his study for hours when he worked on the new project.(  )
A.could B.might C.would D.should
23.I can see the dentist alone.You____go with me if you're busy.(  )
A.mustn't B.can't C.shouldn't D.needn't
24.Finish your homework first,then you'll surf the Internet for half an hour.(  )
A.can B.need C.be able to D.may
25.Many students _______ attend after﹣school extra classes if they are really serious about the lessons in school.(  )
A.wouldn't B.can't C.mustn't D.needn't
26.﹣ Is Lang Lang going to perform at Art Center this Friday?
﹣ Yes.It ________ be him.He has been here for three days.(  )
A.might B.must C.mustn't D.may
27.﹣Mum,must I come back before five o'clock?
﹣No,you ______.Just get home before dinner.(  )
A.mustn't B.needn't C.shouldn't D.couldn't
28.I happened to be on the newly﹣built highway when that brand﹣new car went by,followed by a police car.They _____ at least 150 kilometers an hour.(  )
A.must have been driving
B.should have been driving
C.could have driven
D.would have driven
29.I appreciate your kindness very much, but you have bought such an expensive present.(  )
A.needn't B.mustn't C.wouldn't D.couldn't
30.It be the headmaster. He has gone to America.(  )
A.mustn't B.can't C.may not D.wouldn't
31.If you don't have a guide,you lose your way.(  )
A.must B.dare C.should D.could
32.He it all by himself for there was no one else in the house to turn to for help.(  )
A.must be doing B.should be doing
C.must have done D.should have done
2021年高考英语语法精炼 情态动词
参考答案与试题解析
一.选择题(共32小题)
1.I ________ pay Lucy a visit,but I'm not sure whether I will have time this Sunday.(  )
A.could B.should C.would D.shall
【分析】我应该去拜访露西,但我不确定这个星期天我是否有时间。
【解答】A.could能够;B.should应该;C.would将会;D.shall将要,将会。根据句意可知,虽然我不确定这个星期天我是否有时间,但是我应该去拜访露西。所以用should。而shall同I和we连用,表示将要,在疑问句中同I和we连用,表示提出或征求意见。根据句意:我应该去拜访露西,但我不确定这个星期天我是否有时间。
故选:B。
2.﹣﹣Must I study medicine and be a doctor like you,Dad?
﹣﹣No,you ______,son.You're free to make your own decision.(  )
A.can't B.mustn't C.shouldn't D.needn't
【分析】﹣﹣爸爸,我必须学医,像你一样当医生吗?﹣﹣不,你不必,孩子。你可以自己做决定。
【解答】A.can't不能;B.mustn't禁止;C.shouldn't不应该;D.needn't不必,根据句意和Must I可知这里使用needn't。
故选:D。
3._________ anyone treat me like that,I _________ complain to the manager.(  )
A.Should;would B.Did;should
C.Would;might D.Could;might
【分析】如果有人像那样对我,我会向经理投诉。
【解答】答案:A.根据题意,本题考查if的虚拟语气倒装。根据题意可知,此句为if引导的虚拟语气,表示与将来相反,从句if+主语+should+动词原形。句子为:If anyone should treat me like that,I would complain to the manager。if引导的虚拟语气条件从句可以用倒装,即将should置于句首,省略if。故选:A。
4.﹣Must I finish the paper today?
﹣No,you _________.You can hand it in next week.(  )
A.needn't B.can C.have to D.mustn't
【分析】﹣我今天必须写完论文吗?
﹣不,你不必。你可以下周交。
【解答】A.needn't不需要,不必;B.can能够;C.have to不得不;D.mustn't禁止。根据句意,﹣我今天必须写完论文吗?﹣不,你不必。你可以下周交。可知是"不需要,不必"。
故选:A。
5.﹣﹣I missed the first part of the film.It was really a pity.
﹣﹣You __________ home half an hour earlier.(  )
A.should go B.must have gone
C.should leave D.should have left
【分析】—我错过了电影的第一部分,真遗憾。—你应该早半小时。
【解答】答案:D.根据题意,本题考查情态动词+have done的用法。句意:—我错过了电影的第一部分,真遗憾。—你应该早半小时。表示过去情况的虚拟或猜测,排除A项和C项;must have done"过去一定做了",should have done"过去本该做而没做",根据"I missed the first part of the film.It was really a pity.(我错过了电影的第一部分,真遗憾。)"可知,此处表示"过去本应该做却没做"。故选:D。
6.The man ____ be a doctor in this hospital,but I'm not sure.(  )
A.can B.might C.must D.would
【分析】那个男人也许是这个医院里面的医生,但是我不确定。
【解答】答案:B.根据题意,那个男人也许是这个医院里面的医生,但是我不确定。本题考查情态动词的用法。A.can可以,能够;B.might也许;C.must必须;D.would将会。故选:B。
7.The supermarket is only ten minutes' walk,so you _____ drive the car.(  )
A.need not to B.not need to
C.don't need D.need not
【分析】超市步行只有10分钟的路程,所以你没有必要开车去。
【解答】答案:D.根据题意,超市步行只有10分钟的路程,所以你没有必要开车去。本题考查情态动词的用法。由"The supermarket is only ten minutes' walk"可知,你没必要开车去。故用need not.故选:D。
8.﹣Mum,may I go to the concert with Tom tonight?
﹣No,you .Because it will be rainy.(  )
A.needn't B.don't have to
C.mustn't D.shouldn't
【分析】—妈妈,我今晚可以和汤姆一起去听音乐会吗?—不行,因为要下雨了。
【解答】A.needn't不必;B.don't have to没有必要;C.mustn't禁止;D.shouldn't不应该,根据句意,因为要下雨了,因此是不能去,而且上句用may来提问的句子,回答是否定的,表示禁止做某事故选:C。
9.Without your selfless assistance,we the doctors and nurses to the earthquake﹣stricken area last week.(  )
A.didn't take B.can't take
C.couldn't have taken D.should have taken
【分析】没有你的无私帮助,我们上周就不可能把医生和护士送到地震灾区。
【解答】根据句意,没有你的无私帮助,我们上周就不可能把医生和护士送到地震灾区。可知表示对过去事实的否定猜测,couldn't have taken符合题意。
故选:C。
10.The designer has tried every possible way to make the robot light,so you_______worry about its weight(  )
A.must B.may C.can't D.needn't
【分析】设计者已经尝试了所有可能的方法使机器人轻,所以你不需要担心它的重量。
【解答】A.must 必须;B.may 可能;C.can't 不能;D.needn't不需要。根据"tried every possible way to make the robot light "得知,尝试所有方法让机器人轻,所以不需要担心重量。
故选:D。
11.People's abilities differ,but their rights and opportunities _______ be the same.(  )
A.could B.might C.need D.should
【分析】人们的能力不同,但他们的权利和机会应该是相同的。
【解答】A.could可能;B.might或许;C.need需要;D.should应该。结合句意,此处指人们的权利和机会应该是一样的。选项D符合题意。
故选:D。
12.Since nobody could help Mary with her study,she have finished it by herself.(  )
A.can B.need C.must D.should
【分析】既然没有人能帮助玛丽学习,她一定是自己完成的。
【解答】A.can have done通常用在疑问句和否定句中,用于疑问句时表怀疑,用于否定句时表不确定;B.need have done表示"本需要做某事";C.must have done表示"一定做了某件事情";D.should have done表示"本应该做某事"。结合句意可知,此处表示对过去情况进行肯定猜测,故用must have done。
故选:C。
13.If fish are jumping higher than usual or frogs are croaking more loudly,it rain.(  )
A.must B.may C.shall D.need
【分析】如果鱼跳得比平时高,或者青蛙的叫声更大,那么可能会下雨。
【解答】A.must表示"必须,一定";B.may表示"可能";C.shall多用于第一人称;D.need表示"需要"。结合句意可知,此处表示"可能会下雨"。
故选:B。
14.﹣﹣Isn't it surprising that Mary ________ have married Bruce?
﹣﹣Honestly,it is beyond my wildest imagination.(  )
A.must B.should C.might D.shall
【分析】﹣﹣﹣玛丽竟然嫁给了布鲁斯,这难道不令人惊讶吗?
﹣﹣﹣说实话,这超出了我最疯狂的想象。
【解答】A.must必须;一定;B.should居然,竟然;C.might或许;D.shall将会。根据句中"it is beyond my wildest imagination"可知,对于玛丽嫁给布鲁斯的事情,听话人认为是出乎意料的,所以用 "居然,竟然"符合语境。
故选:B。
15.My book,Between Two Kingdoms,is missing.Who have taken it?(  )
A.must B.should C.will D.could
【分析】我的书《两国之间》不见了。谁会拿走它呢?
【解答】A.must一定,必须;B.should应该;C.will将要;D.could可能,会。根据句意,我的书《两国之间》不见了。谁会拿走它呢?可知是对过去发生的事情的推测,could符合题意。
故选:D。
16.Driving in rush hours might be very dangerous,so you _______ be too careful.(  )
A.can B.mustn't C.can't D.must
【分析】在高峰时段开车可能很危险,所以你再怎么小心也不为过。
【解答】考查情态动词。根据句意可知,在高峰时段开车应该小心,"can‘t be too"为固定搭配,意为"再...也不为过"。
故选:C。
17.﹣﹣Look,the boy is crying sadly.
﹣﹣Yes.From my point of view,his mother ________ not have punished him so severely.(  )
A.can B.must C.should D.may
【分析】﹣﹣看,那个男孩在伤心地哭。
﹣﹣是的。在我看来,他的母亲不应该如此严厉地惩罚他。
【解答】A.can能够,可以;B.must必须;C.should应该;D.may可能。根据句意,﹣﹣看,那个男孩在伤心地哭。﹣﹣是的。在我看来,他的母亲不应该如此严厉地惩罚他。这里表示"不应该"。
故选:C。
18.Everyone fasten their seat belt when sitting in the back of the car.(  )
A.may B.can C.might D.must
【分析】坐在汽车的后面,每个人都必须系好安全带。
【解答】考查情态动词。句意:坐在汽车的后面,每个人都必须系好安全带。A.may可能,也许;B.can能够;C.might可能,可以;D.must必须。根据常识和句意,坐车必须系安全带。must符合题意。
故选:D。
19.﹣﹣﹣Sorry,Professor Smith.I didn't finish the assignment yesterday.
﹣﹣﹣Oh,you __________ it as yesterday was the deadline.(  )
A.might have done B.need to do
C.should have done D.must do
【分析】﹣﹣﹣对不起,史密斯教授。我昨天没有完成作业。
﹣﹣﹣哦,你应该做的,因为昨天是最后期限。
【解答】A项,must have done 表示对过去的肯定推测,意为 "肯定做了某事";B项,need to do需要做某事;C项,should have done 表示对过去的虚拟,意为 "本应该做某事,而事实上没做";D项,must do必须做。根据句意:教授认为这位同学本应该完成的(should have done) ,故正确答案为C。
故选:C。
20.According to the new rule,families with elders and disabled persons ________get more support and assistance.(  )
A.can B.may C.should D.shall
【分析】根据新的规定,有老人和残疾人的家庭应该得到更多的支持和帮助。
【解答】答案:D.根据题意,根据新的规定,有老人和残疾人的家庭应该得到更多的支持和帮助。本题考查情态动词的用法。A.can能够;B.may也许;C.should应当;D.shall应该。其中should的语气较强,含有"命令"的意思,与题干中的所需语气不符,故排除should.
故选:D。
21.﹣﹣﹣Mary,I got lost.
﹣﹣﹣Sorry,I________ a map for you.(  )
A.must have drawn B.should draw
C.could draw D.ought to have drawn
【分析】—玛丽,我迷路了。—对不起,我本应该给你画一张地图的。
【解答】答案:D.根据题意,—玛丽,我迷路了。—对不起,我本应该给你画一张地图的。本题考查情态动词的用法。A.must have drawn一定已经画了;B.should draw应该画;C.could draw能够画;D.ought to have drawn本应该画。
故选:D。
22.The professor _____ sit in his study for hours when he worked on the new project.(  )
A.could B.might C.would D.should
【分析】当教授研究新项目的时候,他会在书房坐上好几个小时。
【解答】答案:C.根据题意,当教授研究新项目的时候,他会在书房坐上好几个小时。本题考查情态动词的用法。A.could能够,可能;B.might也许;C.would将会;D.should应该。情态动词would在这里表示一种倾向和一贯的做法。
故选:C。
23.I can see the dentist alone.You____go with me if you're busy.(  )
A.mustn't B.can't C.shouldn't D.needn't
【分析】我可以自己去看牙医。如果你忙的话,你就不必陪我一起去了。
【解答】答案:D.根据题意,我可以自己去看牙医。如果你忙的话,你就不必陪我一起去了。本题考查情态动词的用法。A.mustn't不准,禁止;B.can't不可能,不可以;C.shouldn't不应该;D.needn't不必,不需要。
故选:D。
24.Finish your homework first,then you'll surf the Internet for half an hour.(  )
A.can B.need C.be able to D.may
【分析】先完成你的家庭作业。然后你就可以上半个小时的网。
【解答】答案:C.根据题意,先完成你的家庭作业。然后你就可以上半个小时的网。本题考查情态动词的用法。A.can会,能够;B.need需要;C.be able to能够;D.may也许。其中can表示泛指一般的能力;而be able to则主要指具体到做到了某件事情的能力。
故选:C。
25.Many students _______ attend after﹣school extra classes if they are really serious about the lessons in school.(  )
A.wouldn't B.can't C.mustn't D.needn't
【分析】如果他们真的是认真的对待学校里的课程,许多学生也就不必参加课后额外的课程了。
【解答】答案:D.根据题意,如果他们真的是认真的对待学校里的课程,许多学生也就不必参加课后额外的课程了。本题考查情态动词的用法。A.wouldn't不会;B.can't不能,不可能;C.mustn't不准,禁止;D.needn't不必。
故选:D。
26.﹣ Is Lang Lang going to perform at Art Center this Friday?
﹣ Yes.It ________ be him.He has been here for three days.(  )
A.might B.must C.mustn't D.may
【分析】—郎朗这个星期五要去艺术中心演出吗?—是的。一定是他。他在这儿已经待了三天了。
【解答】答案:B.根据题意,—郎朗这个星期五要去艺术中心演出吗?—是的。一定是他。他在这儿已经待了三天了。本题考查情态动词的用法。A.might也许;B.must一定,必须;C.mustn't禁止,不准;D.may可能。
故选:B。
27.﹣Mum,must I come back before five o'clock?
﹣No,you ______.Just get home before dinner.(  )
A.mustn't B.needn't C.shouldn't D.couldn't
【分析】—妈妈,我必须五点之前回来吗?—不,没必要。你吃晚饭之前回来就行。
【解答】答案:B.根据题意,—妈妈,我必须五点之前回来吗?—不,没必要。你吃晚饭之前回来就行。本题考查情态动词的用法。A.mustn't禁止,不准;B.needn't不必,没必要;C.shouldn't不应该;D.couldn't不能够。
故选:B。
28.I happened to be on the newly﹣built highway when that brand﹣new car went by,followed by a police car.They _____ at least 150 kilometers an hour.(  )
A.must have been driving
B.should have been driving
C.could have driven
D.would have driven
【分析】当那辆崭新的汽车开过,后面还跟着一辆警车,我碰巧正在新建的高速公路上。他们一定以每小时至少150公里的速度开车。
【解答】答案:A.根据题意,当那辆崭新的汽车开过,后面还跟着一辆警车,我碰巧正在新建的高速公路上。他们一定以每小时至少150公里的速度开车。根据语境"happenedto be on the newly﹣built highway"可知,本处是指当我在高速公路时的时候,是一个时间点,要用进行时。句子叙述的是过去的动作,因此是对过去动作的推测,故用must have been doing。分析选项A.must have been driving是对过去动作的推测,"过去一定正在驾驶";B.should have been driving为虚拟语气"过去本应驾驶而没做";C.could have driven也为虚拟语气"过去本来能驾驶而没做";D.would have driven也为虚拟语气"过去本来会驾驶而没做"。B、C、D三项是对过去动作的虚拟,只有A项是对过去动作的推测,符合题意。
故选:A。
29.I appreciate your kindness very much, but you have bought such an expensive present.(  )
A.needn't B.mustn't C.wouldn't D.couldn't
【分析】我非常感激你的好意,但是你没有必要买这么贵的礼物。
【解答】答案:A. 根据题意,我非常感激你的好意,但是你没有必要买这么贵的礼物。本题考查情态动词的用法。A.needn't没必要,不需要;B.mustn't禁止,不准;C.wouldn't不会;D.couldn't不可以,不能够。
故选:A。
30.It be the headmaster. He has gone to America.(  )
A.mustn't B.can't C.may not D.wouldn't
【分析】那不可能是校长。他已经去美国了。
【解答】答案:B. 根据题意,那不可能是校长。他已经去美国了。本题考查情态动词的用法。A.mustn't不准,禁止;B.can't不可能;C.may not也许不是;D.wouldn't不会。
故选:B。
31.If you don't have a guide,you lose your way.(  )
A.must B.dare C.should D.could
【分析】如果你没有向导,你可能会迷路。
【解答】答案:D.考查情态动词。A.必须;B.敢于;C.应该;D.可能。这里could表推测,意为"可能"。
故选:D。
32.He it all by himself for there was no one else in the house to turn to for help.(  )
A.must be doing B.should be doing
C.must have done D.should have done
【分析】他一定是一个人完成的,因为家里没有其他人可以求助。
【解答】答案:C.must have done,一般用于肯定句,表示对过去情况的较为肯定的推测,可能性极大,意为"一定是"。根据后文there was no one else in the house to turn to for help可知,这里表十分肯定的推测,根据语境可知,这里讨论的事情已经完成了。
故选:C。
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