2013英语高考语法专项---定语从句
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| 名称 | 2013英语高考语法专项---定语从句 |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 3.2MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 牛津译林版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2012-09-03 11:02:44 | ||
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(共66张PPT)
高三英语第一轮复习
1 To review common knowledge on the Attributive Clauses.
2 To develop the ability to use the Attributive Clauses.
定语从句：是指在复合句中，
修饰 或 的从句.
被定语从句所修饰的名词或代
词叫做“ ”.
引导定语从句的词叫“ ”
名词
代词
先行词
关系词
How many kinds of Attributive Clauses are there
定语从句
The Restrictive Attributive
Clause
限制性定语从句
The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause
非限制性定语从句
引导定语从句的关系词
指代人
指代事物
所属关系
指地点
指时间
指原因
who，whom，that
which，that
whose，of which
where
when
why
关系代词
关系副词
Join the following sentences:
A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
A plane is can fly.
关系代词的实质
a machine
the machine
Join the following sentences:
A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
A plane is can fly.
关系代词的实质
a machine
that /which
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
we saw yesterday is Mary.
her
The girl
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
we saw yesterday is Mary.
her
The girl
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
we saw yesterday is Mary.
her
The girl
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
we saw yesterday is Mary.
her
The girl
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
we saw yesterday is Mary.
her
The girl
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
we saw yesterday is Mary.
her
The girl
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
we saw yesterday is Mary.
her
The girl
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
we saw yesterday is Mary.
that/who/whom
The girl
注意避免重复
Correct the mistakes
1.Under the big tree are 34 students,many of them come from class two.
2. My mother has a good book,
which cover looks terrible.
3. This is the very pen that you gave it
to me before.
4. There is an old woman, that is holding
a stick.
———
whom
———
whose
\
it
\
——
who
1.that 与which
1.Nothing ______ can be done has been done.
2.Do you have anything ______ you don’t understand
先行词是all,few,little,much,everything, nothing, anything, something, none等不定代词，引导定语从句用that
that
that
1.This is the best TV _______ is made in China.
2.The first museum _______ he visited in China was the History Museum.
that
that
先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that 。
1.that 与which
I’ve read all the books ________ you lent me.
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
that
先行词被any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all, the very, the only,the same,the last 修饰时,引导定语从句用that 。
1.that 与which
1.The famous writer and his works _____ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.
2.A victim is a person, animal or thing ______ suffers pain, death, harm, etc.
先行词中既有人又有事物时，
引导定语从句用that .
that
that
1.that 与which
1.Who _______ you have ever seen can do it better
主句已经有Who或which时，引导定语从句用that
that
1.that 与which
1.Her bag ,in ________ she put all her money, has been stolen.
2.This is the ring on ________ she spent 1000 dollars.
3.Xiao Wang ,with ________ I went to the concert, enjoy it very much.
which
which
whom
在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom
1.that 与which
1）、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配
This is the book_____ which you asked
注意：动词短语不能拆开
即介词不能提前
for
The old man whom I am looking after is better .
２如何判断介词
2）、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配
He referred me to some reference books ______ which I am not very familiar.
with
２如何判断介词
3）、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词 搭配
This is our classroom , _______________ which there is a teacher’s desk.
in the front of
２如何判断介词
whose 引导的定语从句
表示所属关系
The river _________ banks are covered with trees flows to the sea.
whose
3 Whose 的使用
There are in this class 20 students, ______ are different.
A.whose backgrounds
B. The backgrounds of whom
C.of whom the backgrounds
D.the backgrounds of whose
Whose 的使用
The earth is round,___ we all know.
___ is known to all, the earth is round
___ is known to all that the earth is round.
as
As
It
定语从句在句首时只能用as, as 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的
4 as 的使用
This is the same book as I lost.
This is the same book that I lost.
这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。
这本书就是我丢的那本。
as 的使用
This is such an interesting book ____ we all like.
This is so interesting a book _____ we all like.
as
as
这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。
定语从句
as 的使用
This is such an interesting book ____we all like it.
This is so interesting a book ____we all like it.
that
that
这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。
结果状语从句
as 的使用
1. It is very useful to master a foreign language,_____ has been said before.
which
2 ___ everyone hoped, Mary has won the first prize.
As
as引导定语从句可放在句首，句中，句末，而which 引导定语从句不能放在句首.as译为正如，好像。，which 则没有此义。
as 的使用
The earth is round._____ is known to
all.
The earth is round,_________ is
known to all.
_____ is known to all, the earth is
round.
______ is known to all _________the
earth is round.
______ is known to all is _________the
earth is round.
It
which/ as
As
It
定语从句在句首时只能用as,
it为形式主语,that引导主语从句
that
What
that
what引导主语从句,
that引导表语从句
2.as 引导的非限制性定语从句,用于下列固定句型中
1).This is such an interesting book ____ we all like.
2).This is so interesting a book _____ we all like.
This is such an interesting book ____we all like it.
This is so interesting a book ____we all like it.
as
that
as
that
这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句)
这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句)
as
3)This is the same book __ ___ I have.
5 when, where, why 与that, which 的区分
１）I’ll never forget the day _________ we first met in the park.
２）I’ll never forget the time ________________
I spent with you.
３）I’ll never forget the time _____________ was spent with you.
４）This is the museum _______________I visited last year .
when
which\that
which\that
which\that
5 when, where, why 与that, which 的区分
This is the reason ___________ ( = for which ) I didn’t come here.
The reason __________ she gave was not true.
why／that
which/that
指时间，地点或原因的先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。
2. The farm _____ we picked cotton was 90 kilometers away.
A. when B. where C. why D. on which
BD
2. where
作定从的地点状语
指地点,在从句中表示"在...地点"=in/on...+which
先行词为地点名词(situation, business, case, point, surroundings,environment,scene等为地点概念的名词)
一些特殊的先行词如situation, point, case, activity，scene及period, festival, occasion等要注意具体情况具体分析，作主语、宾语和表语时，用关系代词that/which；作状语时，用关系副词where/when或“介词＋which”。
We're just trying to reach a point where both sides will sit down together and talk.
我们正努力做到能让双方坐下来对话。 (定语从句可还原为：at a point both sides will sit down together and talk, 故先行词point在定语从句中作状语，所以关系词用where/at which。)
6 定语从句中的动词的数
He is the only one in his class who _______ (have) got the teacher’s praise
He is one of the students in his class who _______ (have) got the teacher’s praise
has
have
关系词在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的数取决于先行词
熟 读 深 思
4. 定语从句和其他句型之间的区别
用适当的连接词填空
(1) He is such a good boy ______everyone likes him.
(2) He is such a good boy ____everyone likes.
(3) He said nothing ______ made me angry.
(4) He said nothing, ______made me angry.
(5) He said nothing, and made me angry.
(6) _____is known to all, the moon travels around the earth.
(7) News came _____our class had won the game.
that
as
that
which
that
As
that
解题方法和技巧
1.首先是确定关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中作什么成分。若是作主语、宾语，则在关系代词中选择。若是作状语，则在关系副词中选择。
2.其次是看先行词是人还是物；是时间、地点还是reason,way。
Correct the sentences:
1. I’m using the pen which he bought it yesterday.
2. The man whom I spoke is from Canada.
3. July 1,1999 is the day when we’ll never forget.
∧
to
that
4. I’m going to work in the hospital where needs me.
5. Those that haven’t been to the West Lake will gather at the school gate.
which
who
Correct the sentences:
6.This is the last time when I’ve given you lessons.
7. The reason which he explained it sounds reasonable.
that
why
Correct the sentences:
8. Miss Chen is the only one of the few teachers who give us wonderful English lessons in our school.
gives
Correct the sentences:
9. Taiwan, that we know, belongs to China.
10.The bike by which I travelled was his.
as
on
Correct the sentences:
根据下列句子，完成短文。
众所周知，2008年北京将举办奥运会。英语作为一种国际语言，将会在交流中起着重要作用。作为一名高三学生，我们应抓住现在的学习机会努力学好它。只有这样，才能为奥运贡献自己的力量。
注意：要使用定语从句.
As is known to all, Beijing will host
the 2008 Olympic Games . English,
which is an international language ,
plays an important part in communicating with foreigners. We Senior Three students should catch this opportunity to learn it well, by which we can make our contribution to the Olympic Games.
Thank you
Goodbye
高三英语第一轮复习
1 To review common knowledge on the Attributive Clauses.
2 To develop the ability to use the Attributive Clauses.
定语从句：是指在复合句中，
修饰 或 的从句.
被定语从句所修饰的名词或代
词叫做“ ”.
引导定语从句的词叫“ ”
名词
代词
先行词
关系词
How many kinds of Attributive Clauses are there
定语从句
The Restrictive Attributive
Clause
限制性定语从句
The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause
非限制性定语从句
引导定语从句的关系词
指代人
指代事物
所属关系
指地点
指时间
指原因
who，whom，that
which，that
whose，of which
where
when
why
关系代词
关系副词
Join the following sentences:
A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
A plane is can fly.
关系代词的实质
a machine
the machine
Join the following sentences:
A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
A plane is can fly.
关系代词的实质
a machine
that /which
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
we saw yesterday is Mary.
her
The girl
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
we saw yesterday is Mary.
her
The girl
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
we saw yesterday is Mary.
her
The girl
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
we saw yesterday is Mary.
her
The girl
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
we saw yesterday is Mary.
her
The girl
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
we saw yesterday is Mary.
her
The girl
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
we saw yesterday is Mary.
her
The girl
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
we saw yesterday is Mary.
that/who/whom
The girl
注意避免重复
Correct the mistakes
1.Under the big tree are 34 students,many of them come from class two.
2. My mother has a good book,
which cover looks terrible.
3. This is the very pen that you gave it
to me before.
4. There is an old woman, that is holding
a stick.
———
whom
———
whose
\
it
\
——
who
1.that 与which
1.Nothing ______ can be done has been done.
2.Do you have anything ______ you don’t understand
先行词是all,few,little,much,everything, nothing, anything, something, none等不定代词，引导定语从句用that
that
that
1.This is the best TV _______ is made in China.
2.The first museum _______ he visited in China was the History Museum.
that
that
先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that 。
1.that 与which
I’ve read all the books ________ you lent me.
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
that
先行词被any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all, the very, the only,the same,the last 修饰时,引导定语从句用that 。
1.that 与which
1.The famous writer and his works _____ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.
2.A victim is a person, animal or thing ______ suffers pain, death, harm, etc.
先行词中既有人又有事物时，
引导定语从句用that .
that
that
1.that 与which
1.Who _______ you have ever seen can do it better
主句已经有Who或which时，引导定语从句用that
that
1.that 与which
1.Her bag ,in ________ she put all her money, has been stolen.
2.This is the ring on ________ she spent 1000 dollars.
3.Xiao Wang ,with ________ I went to the concert, enjoy it very much.
which
which
whom
在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom
1.that 与which
1）、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配
This is the book_____ which you asked
注意：动词短语不能拆开
即介词不能提前
for
The old man whom I am looking after is better .
２如何判断介词
2）、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配
He referred me to some reference books ______ which I am not very familiar.
with
２如何判断介词
3）、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词 搭配
This is our classroom , _______________ which there is a teacher’s desk.
in the front of
２如何判断介词
whose 引导的定语从句
表示所属关系
The river _________ banks are covered with trees flows to the sea.
whose
3 Whose 的使用
There are in this class 20 students, ______ are different.
A.whose backgrounds
B. The backgrounds of whom
C.of whom the backgrounds
D.the backgrounds of whose
Whose 的使用
The earth is round,___ we all know.
___ is known to all, the earth is round
___ is known to all that the earth is round.
as
As
It
定语从句在句首时只能用as, as 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的
4 as 的使用
This is the same book as I lost.
This is the same book that I lost.
这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。
这本书就是我丢的那本。
as 的使用
This is such an interesting book ____ we all like.
This is so interesting a book _____ we all like.
as
as
这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。
定语从句
as 的使用
This is such an interesting book ____we all like it.
This is so interesting a book ____we all like it.
that
that
这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。
结果状语从句
as 的使用
1. It is very useful to master a foreign language,_____ has been said before.
which
2 ___ everyone hoped, Mary has won the first prize.
As
as引导定语从句可放在句首，句中，句末，而which 引导定语从句不能放在句首.as译为正如，好像。，which 则没有此义。
as 的使用
The earth is round._____ is known to
all.
The earth is round,_________ is
known to all.
_____ is known to all, the earth is
round.
______ is known to all _________the
earth is round.
______ is known to all is _________the
earth is round.
It
which/ as
As
It
定语从句在句首时只能用as,
it为形式主语,that引导主语从句
that
What
that
what引导主语从句,
that引导表语从句
2.as 引导的非限制性定语从句,用于下列固定句型中
1).This is such an interesting book ____ we all like.
2).This is so interesting a book _____ we all like.
This is such an interesting book ____we all like it.
This is so interesting a book ____we all like it.
as
that
as
that
这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句)
这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句)
as
3)This is the same book __ ___ I have.
5 when, where, why 与that, which 的区分
１）I’ll never forget the day _________ we first met in the park.
２）I’ll never forget the time ________________
I spent with you.
３）I’ll never forget the time _____________ was spent with you.
４）This is the museum _______________I visited last year .
when
which\that
which\that
which\that
5 when, where, why 与that, which 的区分
This is the reason ___________ ( = for which ) I didn’t come here.
The reason __________ she gave was not true.
why／that
which/that
指时间，地点或原因的先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。
2. The farm _____ we picked cotton was 90 kilometers away.
A. when B. where C. why D. on which
BD
2. where
作定从的地点状语
指地点,在从句中表示"在...地点"=in/on...+which
先行词为地点名词(situation, business, case, point, surroundings,environment,scene等为地点概念的名词)
一些特殊的先行词如situation, point, case, activity，scene及period, festival, occasion等要注意具体情况具体分析，作主语、宾语和表语时，用关系代词that/which；作状语时，用关系副词where/when或“介词＋which”。
We're just trying to reach a point where both sides will sit down together and talk.
我们正努力做到能让双方坐下来对话。 (定语从句可还原为：at a point both sides will sit down together and talk, 故先行词point在定语从句中作状语，所以关系词用where/at which。)
6 定语从句中的动词的数
He is the only one in his class who _______ (have) got the teacher’s praise
He is one of the students in his class who _______ (have) got the teacher’s praise
has
have
关系词在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的数取决于先行词
熟 读 深 思
4. 定语从句和其他句型之间的区别
用适当的连接词填空
(1) He is such a good boy ______everyone likes him.
(2) He is such a good boy ____everyone likes.
(3) He said nothing ______ made me angry.
(4) He said nothing, ______made me angry.
(5) He said nothing, and made me angry.
(6) _____is known to all, the moon travels around the earth.
(7) News came _____our class had won the game.
that
as
that
which
that
As
that
解题方法和技巧
1.首先是确定关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中作什么成分。若是作主语、宾语，则在关系代词中选择。若是作状语，则在关系副词中选择。
2.其次是看先行词是人还是物；是时间、地点还是reason,way。
Correct the sentences:
1. I’m using the pen which he bought it yesterday.
2. The man whom I spoke is from Canada.
3. July 1,1999 is the day when we’ll never forget.
∧
to
that
4. I’m going to work in the hospital where needs me.
5. Those that haven’t been to the West Lake will gather at the school gate.
which
who
Correct the sentences:
6.This is the last time when I’ve given you lessons.
7. The reason which he explained it sounds reasonable.
that
why
Correct the sentences:
8. Miss Chen is the only one of the few teachers who give us wonderful English lessons in our school.
gives
Correct the sentences:
9. Taiwan, that we know, belongs to China.
10.The bike by which I travelled was his.
as
on
Correct the sentences:
根据下列句子，完成短文。
众所周知，2008年北京将举办奥运会。英语作为一种国际语言，将会在交流中起着重要作用。作为一名高三学生，我们应抓住现在的学习机会努力学好它。只有这样，才能为奥运贡献自己的力量。
注意：要使用定语从句.
As is known to all, Beijing will host
the 2008 Olympic Games . English,
which is an international language ,
plays an important part in communicating with foreigners. We Senior Three students should catch this opportunity to learn it well, by which we can make our contribution to the Olympic Games.
Thank you
Goodbye