2022届高考英语二轮复习：状语从句学案

4状语从句
2021-8-2 路晓
状语：状语修饰形容词,谓语动词,副词或整个句子,以表明动作发生或状态存在的时间,地点,原因等。
1.Ten years , She began to live in Dalian.时间状语修饰began ago
2.The boy was praised his bravery. 原因状语修饰was praised for
状语从句：用句子来代替时间状语和原因状语。
1. she was 12 years old, she began to live in Dalian. 时间状语从句
2. The boy was praised he saved the boy’s life in the freezing river. 原因状语从句
由从句担任状语，修饰形容词,谓语动词,副词或整个句子,用来表示时间,地点,原因,目的,结果,条件,方式,比较,让步等。高考中已考查了时间,让步,地点,条件,目的等状语从句,这些从句仍是今后高考热点。
（一）时间状语从句
When,as,while,whenever,after,till/until,ago,before,since,once,as soon as, the moment,no sooner…than,hardly/scarcely…when, by the time, every time等。
1.When I came in, the teachers were having a meeting. 初中 be doing .....when....
2.When the police came, the thieves had run away. 高中 完成时 run-ran-run
3.When be doing .....when.... 初中
Be about to do ....when.... 正在...突然... 高中
Be on the point of doing ....when 高中
While用法
①=when时状,当... My wife kept silent while l was writing. 初中
②n.一会儿 Wait for a while. 初中 2016-2 Give your body a rest by stepping outside for 68 while.
③而 (对比) China is a developing country, while America is a developed country. 高中
④尽管,让步状从 While (he was) respected, he was not liked. 高中
⑤只要,条件状从 While there is life, there is hope. 生命不息,希望不止
not.... until用法
①直到....才.... He didn’t go to bed until/till his mother came back.
②not句首半倒装 Not until his mother came back did he go to bed. 高中
③强调句： It was not until his mother came back that he went to bed. It is/was....that... 高中
Since 1.自从+完成时 2.自从 it is ....since...did... 3.显而易见的原因,既然
1）since +过去时间点 I have been here since 2007.
since +时间段+ago I have been here since 5 months ago.
since +从句 Great changes (take) place since you left.
2）It is+时间+since+did It is/has been 2 years since I (become) a postgraduate student.
3）显而易见的原因,既然 \Now that you mention it, I do remember.
before灵活用法
A. +完成时 He said that he had learned some English before. Ten years ago, She began to live in Dalian.begin-gegan-begun
B. …才（时间/距离长/力量大）：It will be 5 years before we meet again. 才能 之后 it will be+时间+ before主将从现
C. …就（时间/距离短/精力小）I hadn’t waited long before he came.没等多久他就来了not long before不久...就
D. 来不及 He died before writing a will.遗嘱 过去时 21-22题
2015-1 A few hours 62 , I’d been at home in Hong Kong.
习题 Mary came to France in 2020,and it wasn’t long ____she became a French citizen. A. while B.before
He usually drinks a cup of tea before he goes to school.连词 He usually drinks a cup of tea before going to school. 介词
He usually drinks a cup of coffee after he comes back.连词 He usually drinks a cup of coffee after coming back. 介词
Once you see him, you will never forget him.一次,曾经,一旦
一.....就.. I’ll write to you I get to Shanghai.主将从现. He started as soon as he received the news.
I had no sooner gone to bed than I went to sleep.=No sooner had I gone to bed than I went to sleep.
①一.....就.... ②主句-过去完成,从句-一般过去③句首半倒装
1. 时I learned a little English _____ I was at middle school. A. though B. thought C. through D. when
2. 时_____ we got to the station, the train had left already. A. If B. Unless C. Since D. When
3. 时_____ the rain stops, we' 11 set off for the station. A. Before B. Unless C. As soon as D. Though
4 语填 It is/has been about ten years _____ I met you last.
5. 语填 We didn’t go home _____ we finished the work.
6. 语填 You'll miss the train ______ you hurry up.
7. 语填 I'll stay here _____ everyone else comes back. A. even if B.unless C. because D. until
（2）原因状语从句
表原因/理由,常用because语气最强, as ,for次之, since, now that既然等。
He is disappointed because he didn't get the position. He couldn’t go to Beijing on business as his mom was ill.
We listened carefully, for the speech was very important.
Since all of us agreed about this plan, we will carry it out next week.执行
Now that you mention it, I do remember.=since既然,原因
（三）地点状语从句
引导地点状语从句的连词where和wherever
Make a mark where you have a question. Sit wherever you like. vi
We will work wherever we are needed.
Where there is water, there is life. Where there is a will, there is a way.
Wherever you go, I will follow you.== No matter where you go, I will follow you.
（四）目的状语从句 详见18
in order that/so that/so as to目的状从,从句有情态,谓语多用“could/might+动原”,in case以防for fear that以防,lest以防
Mr. Green spoke slowly so that his students could/might hear clearly.
She has bought the book in order that she could follow the lessons.
Speak clearly, so that they may understand you. He left early in case he should miss the train.
（5）结果状语从句 由so that(从句无情态), so…that, such…that等引导。
She was ill, so that she didn’t attend the meeting.
She spoke English so clearly that we could understand her.
He was excited that he could not say a word. 详见14 So +adj/adv +that
She is a good teacher that everyone admires her. Such+ a+ adj +n+ that
There were many people that he felt shy. (so和数词连用)
Take part in/join in参加活动/join参加组织/attend the wedding/meeting participate in=be engaged in=be involved in 参加
1. I’ll let you know ____ he comes back. B. because C. as soon as
2. She will sing a song ____ she is asked. A. if B. until C. for
3. We will go ____ we are needed. A. wherever B. because C. since
4. Read it aloud _____ the class can hear you. 语填 1 c 2a3a4a5a
（六）条件状语从句 真实（能实现）与非真实（不能实现）条件句.
引导词有if, unless, so/as long as,suppose,supposing that, on condition that, provided that=if, so/as far as, if only.
注意:条件从句中if 不能用whether替换。
If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch. (如果-真实)
If he had come a few minutes earlier, he could have seen her. (如果-虚拟语气)
You'll miss the train unless you hurry up. You won’t pass the exam unless you work hard on it.除非...否则，主将从现
You may borrow the book so long as you keep it clean.
You can go swimming on condition that (=if) you don’t go too far away from the river bank.
So far as I know据我所知, he will be away for 3 months. =as far as I am aware/concerned=in my opinion
If (it is) necessary, I’ll explain to you again. explanation If anything/so,
（七）让步状语从句
Although\Though he is a child, he knows a lot. (Although不与but连用)
Child as\ though he is, he knows a lot. (as必须倒) 详见8.9.10.12. although(不倒), though(可倒可不倒), as(必须倒),
Whatever/No matter what you say, I’ll never change my mind. (让步状从)
Take whatever you like. (宾语从句) Wherever you go, don't forget your people.
However difficult/ No matter how difficult it may be, we will overcome it. 详见7
whatever/whenever/whoever/wherever名从+让步状从=no matter what/when/ who…,只引导让步状从
They will never succeed, however hard they try.
Even if he had been ill, he would have gone to his office. even if/though即使, -----through-thought-think
Whether he comes or not, we will begin our party on time. 不管/无论
6.让Child as she is, she _____(know) a lot. 语填
7.让They will never succeed, _____ hard they try. A. whatever B. however
8.让 _____ still half drunk, he made his way home. A. When B. Because C. Though
9.让_____ she was very tired, she went on working. A. As B. Although C. Even D. In spite of
10.让 Busy _____ he was, he tried his best to help you. A. as B. when C. since D. for 7b8c9b10a
11.让 Although it's raining, _____ are still working in the field. A. they B. but they
12.She was _____ tired that she could not move an inch. 语填
（八）方式状语从句
方式状语从句常由as正如, as if /though好像/似乎, the way, rather than而不是 等引导。
You must do the exercise as I show you. 正如
The food tastes as if is missing something. It looks as if it will rain.(真实)
He talks as if/though he knew all about it.(虚拟) He acted as if nothing had happened. (虚拟)
1. He talks_______ he knew all about it.综合语填
2. He is ____ a good teacher that we all respect him.
3. I shall go to the park unless it ____(rain).
4. While there is water, _____ is life. 1 as if2 such3 rains 4 there
5. Speak to him slowly _____ he may understand you better.选择 A. so that B. if C. when D. although
（九）比较状语从句
比较状语从句常用more.....than, so (as) … as, the more … the more等引导。
I have made more mistakes than you have.
He smokes cigarettes as expensive as he can afford. This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think.
Your bag is twice as expensive as mine. The busier he is, the happier he feels.
1.2020-1 it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)， more 65 the familiar near side.
2.2020-2 Orange trees are more 64 decoration.
more than+500多于 more than+happy非常more than+teacher不仅仅more than+从句 否定含义
3.2019-1 populations are 68 (high) than they actually are..
4.2018-1 it says running 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life 65 walking.
5.2018-1 runners live three years 61 (long) than non-runners.
6.练习 A beggar’s life is even 46 (hard) today.
7.2017-1 Even 66 (bad)
8.2018联 the world will become 70 (clean) and more beautiful.
9.2014 this river is one of 63 most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.
10.2016-2 you should identify those of 61 (great) and less importance. greatness greater
巧记比较级：四A确实仍然没有任何马骑,甚至,说怎么走远？a lot,a little.a bit.a great deal确实rather仍然still甚至even没有no任何any马骑much(many)远far/by far+比较级 even (bad)=what’s (bad)
（十）使用状语从句时要注意的几个问题
1.主将从现------在时间/条件/方式/让步从句中
We’ll go outing if it doesn’t rain tomorrow. I’ll write to you as soon as I get to Shanghai.
I'll stay here until everyone else comes back. You'll miss the train unless you hurry up.
It will be two months before I come back. it will be+时间+ before... 之后...才
（主将从现---if,when,unless,as soon as, until, before） 详见1.2.3.
2.省略----时间/条件/方式/让步从句,如从句主语与主句主语一致(或it),从句谓语是be ,可省略从句“主语+be”。
When (he was) still a boy of ten, he had to work day and night.
While (he was) respected, he was not liked by us. ---be+ Ved
If (you are) asked, you may come in.
If (it is) necessary, I’ll explain to you again. --- If possible, if so,
If weather permits,=weather permitting,
3、区分不同从句，不仅要根据连词,还要根据句子结构和句意来判断。以where为例,能引导多种从句。
1.You will find it where you left it. 状从
2.Tell me the address where he lives. d从,先行词
3.I don’t know where he came from. b
4.Where he has gone is not known yet. z
5.This place is where they once hid. b
2016-1改错 Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area.
2017-1改错 I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. tell分辨 hard-working,work hard adv
14. You' d better make a mark _____ you have any questions. A.where b.if
15.时The roof fell____ he had time to save his baby. A.When b.before
16.时I will try to finish this work________ A. until you can come B.before you can come
where before 他来不及... 天花板就 b
Take place,take the place of=replace
College university 985 211
本科 Undergraduate--bachelor degree
硕士研究生postgraduate--master degree
博士研究生Doctor degree 博士后post doctor
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