高一英语单元复习配套课件：Module1 My First Day at Senior High（外研版必修1）
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| 名称 | 高一英语单元复习配套课件：Module1 My First Day at Senior High（外研版必修1） |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 4.2MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2012-09-05 14:12:34 | ||
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(共140张PPT)
Ⅲ. 句式填空
1. 否定转移
I don’t think (我认为……不)I will be bored in Ms Shen’s class!
2. 倍数表达法
In other words, there are three times as many girls as boys (女生人数是男生人数的三倍).
3. It matters (to sb. )+if 从句/wh-从句
He said it didn’t matter if we made mistakes (如果我们犯错没关系).
4. so 引导的倒装
—I’ve just been to my first language class.
—Oh really？So have I (我也是).
Ⅳ. 教材设题
1. The teachers are very enthusiastic and friendly and the classrooms are ______ .
A. amaze B. amazing
C. amazed D. amazement
【解析】选B。本题考查amaze“使惊奇，使惊愕”的不同变形的区别。应特别注意amaze加-ing和-ed后变为形容词的区分，amazing adj. 令人吃惊的(主语常为物)，amazed adj. 吃惊的，惊讶的(主语常为人)。
2. Ms Shen gave us ______ and then we worked ______ ourselves.
A. instruction; by B. instruction; of
C. instructions; by D. instructions; of
【解析】选C。第一空表示“指示；说明”，常用复数；第二空用by oneself表示“单独地，独自地”，而of oneself 意为“自动地”。
3. My previous teachers’ method of teaching is different from ______ of Ms Shen.
A. that B. what C. one D. it
【解析】选A。此处that作method of teaching的替代词，that作替代词后常接介词短语，而one作替代词时为泛指。
4. I ______ all kinds of after-school activities.
A. join B. participate
C. attend D. take part in
【解析】选D。take part in表示参加有组织的活动；join指加入某一组织并成为其中一员；participate表“参加”时要与介词in搭配; attend 指出席、参加正式场合、会议。
1. The purse found on the playground matches the ______ by Mary, so it must be hers.
［2011泰安模拟］
A. direction B. expression
C. description D. instruction
【解析】选C。句意: 在操场发现的钱包正好和玛丽的描述一致, 因此肯定是她的。description “描述”，符合题意。direction“方向”; expression “表达; 表情”; instruction“指导”。
2. Unless you change your ______ towards your studies, you won’t make any progress, I believe.
［2011北京模拟］
A. point B. idea C. sight D. attitude
【解析】选D。句意：我认为，除非你改变学习态度，否则就不会有任何进步。attitude“态度”符合题意。point“要点”；idea“主意”；sight“视力”。
3. This book is said to be a special one, which ______ many events not found in other history books.
A. writes B. covers C. deals D. refers
【解析】选B。句意：据说这本书很特别，它涉及到许多在其他历史书中找不到的事件。cover此处意为“包含；涉及”符合题意。若选C可改为deals with；若选D可改为refers to。
4. At the meeting, all the people were deeply ______ with her brilliant report.
A. impressed B. surprised
C. excited D. comforted
【解析】选A。句意: 在会上, 所有人都对她出色的报告印象很深。be impressed with“对……印象深刻”符合题意。
5. —Do you have enough to ______ all your daily expenses
—Oh yes, enough and to spare.
［2009山东, 26］
A. cover B. spend C. fill D. offer
【解析】选A。cover在此表示“(钱)够……用”。句意：——你有足够的钱来支付你的日常花销吗？——是的。足够并且还有结余。
1. Like some of my classmates, I can’t live up to my teachers’ expectations, ______ , I let them down.
［2011聊城模拟］
A. in other words B. after all
C. what’s more D. more or less
【解析】选A。句意: 像一些同学一样, 我没有达到老师们的期望, 换句话说, 我让他们失望了。in other words“换句话说”, 符合题意。
2. The party we had been looking forward to ______ part in came at last. How excited we were!
A. take B. taking C. took D. taken
【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。look forward to意为“盼望”, 后跟动词-ing形式作宾语, 此题中we had been looking forward to taking part in是省略that的定语从句, 修饰先行词party。句意为“我们盼望参加的晚会终于到来了。我们多么兴奋啊！”
3. 完成句子
1)The big house was divided into (被分成)several flats.
2)Good apples should be separated from (被分开)bad ones.
1. Helping others is a habit, ______ you can learn even at an early age.
［2010山东, 32］
A. it B. that C. what D. one
【解析】选D。考查代词。it代替前面所指的同一东西, 属于同名同物的替代；that用来替代前面出现过的特指的单数可数名词或者特指的不可数名词, 相当于“the+单数可数名词/不可数名词”, 属于同名异物的替代, that后一般有限定成分；one只能替代可数名词单数, 是泛指概念, 相当于“a/an+单数可数名词”, 属于同名异物的替代；what必须引导名词性从句, 且在句子中作成分。此题中one替代a habit, 是habit的同位语, you can learn even at an early age是one的定语从句。
2. To our surprise, we got ______ people to attend the meeting as we expected.
［2011大连模拟］
A. as twice B. twice many
C. twice many as D. twice as many
【解析】选D。考查倍数表达法: 倍数+as many/much+n. +as. . . 。句意: 使我们感到惊奇的是, 参加会议的人数是我们预想的两倍。
3. —My room gets very cold at night.
— ______ .
［2007江苏, 31］
A. So is mine B. So mine is
C. So does mine D. So mine does
【解析】选C。句意: ——我的屋子夜里很冷。——我的也是。表示“也……”用so引导的倒装; 再根据上句的gets可知应用助动词does, 故选C。
1. 用amaze的适当形式填空。
We were ______ by the ______ news that an eight-year-old child went to college.
答案: amazed; amazing
2. Swimming is my favorite sport. There is ______ like swimming as a means of keeping fit.
［2010江西, 27］
A. something B. anything
C. nothing D. everything
【解析】选C。句意: 游泳是我最喜爱的运动, 没有比游泳更好的锻炼方式了。nothing like“没有什么比得上”符合题意。
Ⅰ. 用所给词的适当形式填空
amaze, instruct, bore, behaviour, describe, impress, correct, fluency, misunderstand, disappoint
1. Children should be taught how to behave towards adults.
2. I am surprised that you had a bad impression of him.
3. She can speak English very fluently .
4. A misunderstanding was the beginning of their quarrel.
5. The child is so naughty that his behaviour is badly in need of correction .
6. It was amazing that such a little boy should be a computer expert.
7. You should follow the instructions on the bottle.
8. It was boring to sit there without anything to do.
9. The scenery is beautiful beyond description .
10. Her failure made her parents disappointed and they were in a bad mood.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. 学生们盼着过周末呢。
The students are looking forward to the weekend.
2. 这门课程一点也不像我期望的那样。
The course was nothing like what I’d expected.
3. 他们请他走人，也就是说，他被解雇了。
They asked him to leave— in other words he was fired.
4. 他绝不是个傻子。
He is far from a fool.
5. 这次调查结果可分为三大类。
The results of the survey can be divided into three main categories.
6. 我们相信她是不会到这里来的。
We don’t believe that she will come here.
7. 在街道的尽头，你会发现两个书店。
At the end of the street, you will find two bookstores.
8. 如果他去那儿，我也去。
If he goes there, so will I .
Ⅲ. 单项填空
1. —Did you have ______ fun in Australia
—Sure. It was ______ unforgettable experience.
A. a; an B. /; the
C. the; an D. /; an
【解析】选D。fun是不可数名词。have fun是固定短语。experience表示“经历”时为可数名词，此处指一次难忘的经历。experience表“经验”时，为不可数名词。
2. His attitude ______ this promotion is similar ______ mine.
A. to; in B. towards; as
C. to; to D. about; with
【解析】选C。考查介词。表示“……的态度”应用attitude to/towards; 表示“与……相似”应用be similar to; “在……方面相似”用be similar in。
3. This play is ______ a success ______ the famous actress’s absence.
A. far from; due to
B. by far; owing to
C. above all; because of
D. far away from; thanks to
【解析】选A。句意为：由于这位著名的女演员的缺席，这出戏远非成功。far away from远离; by far“很，最”; above all“首先，最重要的是”; far from“远非; 一点也不”符合题意; due to/because of/owing to /thanks to都可表示“由于; 因为”，此外，thanks to还有“幸亏”之意。
4. ______ and angry, Mary began to cry loudly and then she ran out of the room.
A. Disappointed B. Disappointing
C. Being disappointed D. To be disappointing
【解析】选A。句意为：由于失望和生气，玛丽开始大声哭起来，然后从屋里跑了出去。此处形容词短语disappointed and angry作原因状语。
5. I don’t suppose Sabrina will volunteer, ______ ？
A. do I B. don’t I
C. will she D. won’t she
【解析】选C。题干为否定转移的句子，且主语为第一人称时，其反意疑问句需根据从句的主谓来变化，排除A、B; 前面有not，故后面用肯定式。
6. Everyone looked ______ when they knew the ______ news that Michael Jackson was announced dead at the hospital after suffering a heart attack on June, 25.
［2011烟台模拟］
A. amazing; amazed B. amazing; amazing
C. amazed; amazing D. amazed; amazed
【解析】选C。第一空表示“惊奇的”，用amazed; 第二空表示“令人惊奇的”用amazing。
7. The old couple preferred a flat in a small town to ______ in so large a city as Chongqing.
[2011重庆模拟]
A. this B. it C. that D. one
【解析】选D。句意：这对老年夫妇宁愿住在一座小城镇的房子里而不愿住在像重庆这样的大城市的房子里。此处空格内若填名词应为a flat为泛指，用代词替代时用one。
【举一反三】
Equipped with modern facilities, today’s hospitals are quite different from ______ of the past.
［2011宁波模拟］
A. that B. those C. one D. ones
【解析】选B。句意: 现在的医院装备了现代化的设备, 和过去有很大的不同。此处空格内的词代表hospitals, 应用those。
8. He divided the sweets ______ the children who were divided ______ three groups.
A. in; in B. into; into
C. between; in D. among; into
【解析】选D。句意为：他把糖果分给被分成三组的这些孩子。第一空表示在这些孩子之间分配，用among; 第二空用be divided into表示“被分成”。
9. When my grandpa was young, he had to ______ several miles a day to school since he had no money to take a bus.
［2011合肥模拟］
A. cover B. take C. get D. make
【解析】选A。句意：当我爷爷年轻时，他不得不每天行走几英里去上学，因为他没有钱乘坐公共汽车。此处cover意为“行走(一段路程)”，符合题意。
【举一反三】
—Will $1，000 ______ the cost of the trip
—I’m afraid not. Perhaps I need another $400.
A. pay B. charge C. cover D. afford
【解析】选C。句意为：——1 000美元够这次旅行的花费吗？——恐怕不够，或许我还需要400美元。pay“支付，付钱”; charge“收费”; afford“负担得起”; cover表示“(钱)够用”，符合题意。
10. We waited and waited, and the exciting moment we were looking forward to ______ at last.
A. come B. came
C. coming D. had come
【解析】选B。句意为：我们一直在等，我们一直期盼的那个激动人心的时刻终于到来了。第二个and后面的句子中the exciting moment为主语，we were looking forward to为省略that/which的定语从句，空格内所填的词为谓语部分，再根据前文可知应用一般过去时came。
【方法技巧】
突破思维定式
在上面的题中，有些同学会受look forward to的影响而误选coming, 但所填之词与look forward to 无任何关系。英语中有些时候我们会受到思维定式的影响而想当然地进行选择，因此，突破思维定式也是一个值得我们特别注意的问题。试看下面几个例句：
①He did what he could ______ (pass) the exam.
此处不要受could 的影响而误用pass; 而应是不定式to pass作目的状语。
②He spent as much time as he could ______ (practise) playing the piano.
此处易受could 的影响而误用practise, 而此处考查的是spend some time doing sth. 的结构; 故填practising。
③The old man referred to ______ (tell) me nothing but the telephone number.
此处为过去分词短语referred to 作定语修饰the old man, 而空格内应填谓语动词told，不要受to的影响而填telling。
11. Paper bags produced every year are ______ the world’s production of vehicles.
［2011上海模拟］
A. three time weight of
B. three times the weight of
C. as three times heavy as
D. three times as heavier as
【解析】 选B。句意为：每年生产的纸袋的重量是世界上车辆总重量的三倍。此题考查倍数表达法。A项three time应为three times, 且应在weight前加the; C项three times 应在as heavy as 之前; D项heavier应为heavy。
12. The new tax policy only affects people on yearly incomes over ￥120, 000, ______ the very rich.
[2011吉林模拟]
A. by the way B. as a result
C. in other words D. as a manner of
【解析】选C。句意：新税法只对年收入十二万以上的人，即特别富裕的人有影响。in other words“也就是说”，符合题意。by the way“顺便说”; as a result“结果是”; as a manner of“作为……的方式”。
【举一反三】
People may have different opinions about Karen, but I admire her. ______ , she is a great musician.
［2011晋中模拟］
A. After all B. As a result
C. In other words D. As usual
【解析】选A。句意：人们对Karen可能有不同的看法，但我佩服她，毕竟她是一位伟大的音乐家。after all“毕竟”符合题意。as a result“结果是”，in other words“换句话说”; as usual“和往常一样”。
13. The school has a system of ______ and punishments to encourage good behaviour.
A. attitudes B. traps
C. rewards D. commands
【解析】选C。句意：这所学校有一套奖惩制度来鼓励好的行为。rewards“奖励”与punishments相对应，符合题意。attitude“态度”; trap“陷阱”; command“命令; 指挥”。
14. We all think it was a ______ football match between Guoan and Shenhua and we were all ______ at it.
A. disappointing; disappointing
B. disappointed; disappointing
C. disappointed; disappointed
D. disappointing; disappointed
【解析】选D。第一空表示足球赛是“令人失望的”，用disappointing; 第二空表示我们都“感到失望”，用disappointed。
15. She won’t go to the library tomorrow. ______ .
[2011拉萨模拟]
A. So will I B. Me, neither
C. Nor am I D. Me, too
【解析】选B。句意：她明天不去图书馆，我也不去。A、D两项都表肯定，故应排除; 若选C应为Nor/Neither will I。
【举一反三】
He promised to come at 9: 30 and ______ .
A. so was he B. so he was
C. so did he D. so he did
【解析】选D。句意为：他答应九点半来，而且他确实做到了。so+主语+助动词/情态动词用来表示“的确如此”，排除A、C; 再根据谓语动词的形式可知用so he did。
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
I told my friend Graham that I often cycle two miles from my house to the town centre but unfortunately there is a big hill on the route. He replied, “You mean fortunately. ” He explained that I should be glad of the extra exercise that the hill provided.
My attitude to the hill has now changed. I used to grumble as I approached it but now I tell myself the following. This hill will exercise my heart and lungs. It will help me to lose weight and get fit. It will mean that I live longer. This hill is my friend. Finally I comfort myself with the thought of all those silly people who pay money to go to a gym and sit on stationary exercise bicycles when I can get the same value for free. I have a smile of satisfaction as I reach the top of the hill.
Problems are there to be faced and overcome. We cannot achieve anything with an easy life. Helen Keller was the first deaf and blind person to gain a university degree. Her activism and writing proved inspirational. She wrote, “Character cannot be developed in ease and quiet. Only through experiences of trial and suffering can the soul be strengthened, vision cleared, ambition inspired and success achieved. ”
One of the main determinants of success in life is our attitude towards adversity(逆境). From time to time we all face hardships, problems, accidents, afflictions and difficulties. Some are of our making but many confront us through no fault of our own. While we cannot choose the adversity we can choose our attitude towards it.
Douglas Bader was 21 when in 1931 he had both legs cut off following a flying accident. He was determined to fly again and went on to become one of the leading flying aces in the Battle of Britain with 22 aerial victories over the Germans. He was an inspiration to others during the war. He said, “Don’t listen to anyone who tells you that you can’t do this or that. That’s nonsense. Make up your mind, you’ll never use crutches(拐杖) or a stick, then have a go at everything. Go to school, join in all the games you can. Go anywhere you want to. But never, never let them persuade you that things are too difficult or impossible. ”
The biographies(传记) of great people are full of examples of how they took steps to overcome the difficulties they faced. The common thread is that they did not become depressed. They chose their attitude. They chose to be positive. They took on the challenge. They won.
Nevertheless, there is still the problem of how you change your attitude towards adversity.
【文章大意】生活中，决定成败的主要因素之一是我们对待逆境的态度。虽然我们不能避开逆境，但是我们可以选择面对它的态度。
1. The underlined word “grumble” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to ______ .
A. tremble B. complain
C. speed up D. slow down
【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据语境判断，我以前认为自己很不幸运，因为路途中要经过一个大山岗。所以每当我接近大山岗时就会“抱怨”(complain)。后文作者告诉自己的话是积极的，说明grumble具有消极含义，因此选B项。
2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the author of the passage
A. Climbing hills on bicycles is the best way to take exercise.
B. People are silly to pay to go to the gym.
C. Those who want to achieve success can’t expect to live an easy life.
D. People’s attitude towards adversity is the only factor that determines whether they will succeed.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的We cannot achieve anything with an easy life. 可判断C项是作者的观点。
3. By quoting what Douglas Bader said, the author intends to tell us “______”.
A. Failure is the mother of success
B. A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit
C. If you venture nothing, you will have nothing
D. Nothing is difficult to the man who will try
【解析】选D。推理判断题。选项A的含义为“失败乃成功之母”; 选项B的含义为“吃一堑，长一智”; 选项C的含义为“不入虎穴，焉得虎子”; 选项D的含义为“世上无难事，只要肯登攀”。D项含义与所引用的话(倒数第三段)含义相符。
4. Which of the following can best function as the title of the passage
A. Face adversity with a smile
B. Different attitudes towards adversity
C. Nothing is impossible
D. Life is full of adversity
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。本文围绕面对逆境我们应持乐观的态度这一话题展开，所以选项A“笑对逆境”适合作本文标题。
Ⅴ. 任务型阅读
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
1 We’ve worked to make their streets and their schools safer, to give them something positive to do after school and before their parents get home. We’ve worked to teach our children that drugs are dangerous, illegal and wrong.
Today, I want to talk to you about the historic opportunity we now have to protect our nation’s children from an even more deadly threat. 2 Smoking kills more people every day than AIDS, alcohol, car accidents, murders, suicides, drugs and fires combined. Nearly 90 percent of those smokers lit their first cigarette before they turned 18. Consider this: 3, 000 children start to smoke every day illegally, and 1, 000 of them will die sooner because of it. 3 For more than five years we’ve worked to stop our children from smoking before they start, starting a
nationwide campaign to educate them about the dangers of smoking to reduce their access to tobacco products, and to severely restrict tobacco companies from advertising to young people. 4 That means if we act now, we have it in our power to stop 3 million children from smoking and to save millions of lives as a result. So this is an emergency that needs quick action of all of us. 5
A. Since I took office I’ve done everything in my power to protect our children from harm.
B. This is a national tragedy that every American should help prevent.
C. The quicker action we take, the less teen smokers there will be.
D. We had to educate them about the dangers of smoking.
E. It is smoking that is more terrible than drugs.
F. Compared with other disasters, drugs kill more people every day.
G. If we do these, we’ll cut teen smoking by almost half over the next five years.
答案：1~5. AEBGC
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Children should be taught how to behave（举止，表现） towards adults.
2.I am surprised that you had a bad impression（印象） of him.
3.She can speak English very fluently（流利地）.
4.A misunderstanding（误解） was the beginning of their quarrel.
5.The child is so naughty that his behaviour is badly in need of correction（改正，纠正）.
6.It was amazing（令人吃惊的） that such a little boy should be a computer expert.
7.You should follow the instructions（用法说明） on the bottle.
8.It was boring（令人厌烦的） to sit there without anything to do.
9.The scenery is beautiful beyond description（描述）.
10.Her failure made her parents disappointed（失望的） and they were in a bad mood.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.学生们盼着过周末呢。
The students are looking forward to the weekend.
2.这门课程一点也不像我期望的那样。
The course was nothing like what I’d expected.
3.他们请他走人，也就是说，他被解雇了。
They asked him to leave— in other words he was fired.
4.他绝不是个傻子。
He is far from a fool.
5.这次调查结果可分为三大类。
The results of the survey can be divided into three main categories.
6.我们相信她是不会到这里来的。
We don’t believe that she will come here.
7.在街道的尽头，你会发现两个书店。
At the end of the street, you will find two bookstores.
8.如果他去那儿，我也去。
If he goes there, so will I .
Ⅲ. 语法和词汇知识
1. —Did you have _____ fun in Australia
—Sure. It was _____ unforgettable experience.
A. a; an B. /；the
C. the; an D. /；an
【解析】选D。fun是不可数名词。have fun是固定短语。experience表示“经历”时为可数名词，此处指一次难忘的经历。experience表“经验”时，为不可数名词。
2. His attitude _____ this promotion is similar _____ mine.
A. to; in B. towards; as
C. to; to D. about; with
【解析】选C。考查介词。表示“……的态度”应用attitude to/towards；表示“与……相似”应用be similar to；“在……方面相似”用be similar in。
3. This play is _____ a success _____ the famous actress’s absence.
A. far from; due to
B. by far; owing to
C. above all; because of
D. far away from; thanks to
【解析】选A。句意为：由于这位著名的女演员的缺席，这出戏远非成功。far away from远离；by far“很，最”; above all“首先，最重要的是”; far from“远非；一点也不”符合题意；due to/because of/owing to /thanks to都可表示“由于；因为”，此外，thanks to还有“幸亏”之意。
4. _____ and angry, Mary began to cry loudly and then she ran out of the room.
A. Disappointed B. Disappointing
C. Being disappointed D. To be disappointing
【解析】选A。句意为：由于失望和生气，玛丽开始大声哭起来，然后从屋里跑了出去。此处形容词短语disappointed and angry作原因状语。
5. I don’t suppose Sabrina will volunteer, _____ ？
A. do I B. don’t I
C. will she D. won’t she
【解析】选C。题干为否定转移的句子，且主语为第一人称时，其反意疑问句需根据从句的主谓来变化，排除A、B；前面有not，故后面用肯定式。
6. Everyone looked _____ when they knew the _____ news that Michael Jackson was announced dead at the hospital after suffering a heart attack on June, 25.
A. amazing; amazed B. amazing; amazing
C. amazed; amazing D. amazed; amazed
【解析】选C。第一空表示“惊奇的”，用amazed；第二空表示“令人惊奇的”用amazing。
7. He found this kind of cellphone both good and cheap, so he decided to buy _____ .
［2011西安模拟］
A. this B. that C. it D. one
【解析】选D。句意：他发现这种手机既好又便宜，因此他决定去买一个。此处空格内若填名词, 应为a cellphone，是泛指，可用代词one替代。
【举一反三】
①The old couple preferred a flat in a small town to _____ in so large a city as Chongqing.
A. this B. it C. that D. one
【解析】选D。句意：这对老年夫妇宁愿住在一座小城镇的房子里而不愿住在像重庆这样的大城市的房子里。此处空格内若填名词应为a flat为泛指，用代词替代时用one。
②Equipped with modern facilities, today’s hospitals are quite different from _____ of the past.
A. that B. those
C. one D. ones
【解析】选B。句意: 现在的医院装备了现代化的设备, 和过去有很大的不同。此处空格内的词代表hospitals, 应用those。
8. He divided the sweets _____ the children who were divided _____ three groups.
A. in; in B. into; into
C. between; in D. among; into
【解析】选D。句意为：他把糖果分给被分成三组的这些孩子。第一空表示在这些孩子之间分配，用among; 第二空用be divided into表示“被分成”。
9. When my grandpa was young, he had to _____ several miles a day to school since he had no money to take a bus.
A. cover B. take
C. get D. make
【解析】选A。句意：当我爷爷年轻时，他不得不每天行走几英里去上学，因为他没有钱乘坐公共汽车。此处cover意为“行走（一段路程）”，符合题意。
【举一反三】—Will $1，000 _____ the cost of the trip
—I’m afraid not. Perhaps I need another $400.
A. pay B. charge
C. cover D. afford
【解析】选C。句意为：——1 000美元够这次旅行的花费吗？——恐怕不够，或许我还需要400美元。pay“支付，付钱”; charge“收费”; afford“负担得起”; cover表示“（钱）够用”，符合题意。
10. We waited and waited, and the exciting moment we were looking forward to _____ at last.
A. come B. came
C. coming D. had come
【解析】选B。句意为：我们一直在等，我们一直期盼的那个激动人心的时刻终于到来了。第二个and后面的句子中the exciting moment为主语，we were looking forward to为省略that/which的定语从句，空格内所填的词为谓语部分，再根据前文可知应用一般过去时came。
【方法技巧】突破思维定式
在上面的题中，有些同学会受look forward to的影响而误选coming, 但所填之词与look forward to 无任何关系。英语中有些时候我们会受到思维定式的影响而想当然地进行选择，因此，突破思维定式也是一个值得我们特别注意的问题。试看下面几个例句：
①He did what he could ______ (pass) the exam.
此处不要受could 的影响而误用pass; 而应是不定式to pass作目的状语。
②He spent as much time as he could _____ (practise)playing the piano.
此处易受could 的影响而误用practise, 而此处考查的是spend some time doing sth. 的结构；故填practising。
③The old man referred to _____ (tell) me nothing but the telephone number.
此处为过去分词短语referred to 作定语修饰the old man, 而空格内应填谓语动词told，不要受to的影响而填telling。
11. Paper bags produced every year are _____ the world’s production of vehicles.
［2011上海模拟］
A. three time weight of
B. three times the weight of
C. as three times heavy as
D. three times as heavier as
【解析】 选B。句意为：每年生产的纸袋的重量是世界上车辆总重量的三倍。此题考查倍数表达法。A项three time应为three times, 且应在weight前加the; C项three times 应在as heavy as 之前；D项heavier应为heavy。
12. The new tax policy only affects people on yearly incomes over ￥120, 000, _____ the very rich.
A. by the way B. as a result
C. in other words D. as a manner of
【解析】选C。句意：新税法只对年收入十二万以上的人，即特别富裕的人有影响。in other words“也就是说”，符合题意。by the way“顺便说”；as a result“结果是”；as a manner of“作为……的方式”。
【举一反三】People may have different opinions about Karen, but I admire her. _____ , she is a great musician.
［2011晋中模拟］
A. After all B. As a result
C. In other words D. As usual
【解析】选A。句意：人们对Karen可能有不同的看法，但我佩服她，毕竟她是一位伟大的音乐家。after all“毕竟”符合题意。as a result“结果是”，in other words“换句话说”；as usual“和往常一样”。
13. The school has a system of _____ and punishments to encourage good behaviour.
［2011济南模拟］
A. attitudes B. traps
C. rewards D. commands
【解析】选C。句意：这所学校有一套奖惩制度来鼓励好的行为。rewards“奖励”与punishments相对应，符合题意。attitude“态度”；trap“陷阱”；command“命令；指挥”。
14. We all think it was a _____ football match between Guoan and Shenhua and we were all _____ at it.
A. disappointing; disappointing
B. disappointed; disappointing
C. disappointed; disappointed
D. disappointing; disappointed
【解析】选D。第一空表示足球赛是“令人失望的”，用disappointing；第二空表示我们都“感到失望”，用disappointed。
15. She won’t go to the library tomorrow. _____ .
[2011拉萨模拟]
A. So will I B. Me, neither
C. Nor am I D. Me, too
【解析】选B。句意：她明天不去图书馆，我也不去。A、D两项都表肯定，故应排除；若选C应为Nor/Neither will I。
【举一反三】He promised to come at 9: 30 and _____ .
A. so was he B. so he was
C. so did he D. so he did
【解析】选D。句意为：他答应九点半来，而且他确实做到了。so+主语+助动词/情态动词用来表示“的确如此”，排除A、C；再根据谓语动词的形式可知用so he did。
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
Watching a huge crowd, we can see laughter, cheers, hugs—but also many tears.
It makes us wonder: why do people cry Surely tears must be good for us—a way to calm the mind and cleanse（使清洁；清洗） the body. Yet studies show that crying sometimes makes people feel worse.
Three researchers in Florida and the Netherlands recently looked more deeply into the subject. They examined detailed descriptions of crying experiences. The team analyzed（分析）information from the International Study on Adult Crying. As part of that study, 3, 000 people in different countries, mostly college students, wrote about recent crying experiences. They noted causes, surroundings and any people involved in the events. They also reported how they felt after they cried.
Professor Rottenberg, one of the three researchers, says the research showed that all crying experiences are not created equal. Crying does not always make a person feel better, he says. About ten percent of people reported feeling worse after they cried. But a third felt better after crying. And a majority reported the experience as helpful.
The research showed that people who cry alone may not do as well as those with others around. People who reached out for emotional（情感的）support at the time—and received it—reported better results from the crying experiences. But Professor Rottenberg says those who felt shame（羞愧）or embarrassment while crying were less likely to report that crying had been helpful.
Research has shown that women cry more often and more strongly than men. But it may not be to better effect, says the psychologist. The new findings, he says, did not show that a person’s sex was a predictor of beneficial crying. In other words, it does not mean they are more likely to have a“good”cry just because women cry more.
【文章大意】众所周知，眼泪对人体有很大的好处，但哭后人们并不会都感觉良好，有些反而会感到心情更糟。
1. Why are tears good for us
A. They can protect bacteria from entering into our eyes.
B. They can calm us down and remove something bad.
C. They can make others care about our feelings.
D. They can make us feel less ashamed.
【解析】选B。事实细节题。从第二段Surely tears must be good for us-a way to calm the mind and cleanse the body. 可知选B。
2. According to the passage, people crying with others around _____ .
A. must get support from others
B. would never cry again
C. felt worse than before
D. felt better than those crying alone
【解析】选D。事实细节题。根据第五段，在别人面前放声痛哭，可以得到他们的安慰，但那些偷偷独自哭泣的人哭后心情会更糟糕。故选D项。
3. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _____ .
A. women have stronger feelings than men
B. crying can make women feel better
C. women are more likely to cry well
D. the effect of crying has little to do with sex
【解析】选D。推理判断题。最后一段表明，跟男的相比，女的哭的次数较多，并且也较强烈，但哭后效果却不一定比男的好，这就说明哭的效果跟性别没有多大关系。故选D项。
4. What is the main idea of the passage
A. Crying is helpful.
B. How to get a “good” cry.
C. A study behind tears.
D. The more you cry, the better you will feel.
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。本文具体介绍了对人们哭后心情的调查结果，因此C项最能表达本文的大意。
Ⅴ. 任务型阅读
［2011咸阳模拟］
根据短文内容，从下框的A~F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。
A．I value honesty.
B．I believe in God.
C．I did pretty well as a taxi driver.
D．I feel good for doing something right.
E．We taxi drivers are often misunderstood.
F．I serve people well whether they tip or not.
1．
I believe honesty is one of the greatest gifts there are. I know they call it a lot of fancy names these days, like integrity（正直）and forthrightness（坦率）. But it doesn’t make any difference what they call it; it’s still what makes a man a good citizen. This is my code, and I try to live by.
2．
I’ve been in the taxi business for thirty-five years, and I know there is a lot about it that is not so good. Taxi drivers have to be rough and rude fellows to be able to take it in New York. You’ve got to be tough to fight the New York traffic eight hours a day these days. Because taxi drivers are tough, people get the wrong impression that they are bad. Taxi drivers are just like other people. Most of them will shake down as honest fellows. You read in the papers almost every week where a taxi driver turns in money or jewels or bonds, stuff like that, people leave in their taxi. If they weren’t honest, you wouldn’t be reading those stories in the papers.
3.
One time in Brooklyn, I found a diamond ring in my taxi. I remembered helping a lady with a lot of baggage that day, so I went back to where I had dropped her off. It took me almost two days to track her in order to return her ring. I didn’t get as much as “thank you”. Still, I felt good because I had done what was right. I think I felt better than she did.
4．
I was born and raised in Ireland and lived there until I was nineteen years old. After I came to this country I bought my own cab and have owned one ever since. It hasn’t been too easy at times, but my wife takes care of our money and we have a good bit put away for a rainy day, even in those days. In all my years of driving a taxi, I have never had any trouble with the public, not even with drunks. Even if they get a little troublesome once in a while, I just agree with them and then they behave themselves.
5．
People ask me about tips. As far as I know, practically everyone will give you e to think of it, most Americans are pretty generous. I always try to be nice to everyone, whether they tip or not. I believe in God and try to be a good member of my parish（教区）. I try to act toward others like I think God wants me to act. I have been trying this for a long time, and the longer I try, the easier it gets.
答案：1~5. AEDCF
Ⅲ. 句式填空
1. 否定转移
I don’t think (我认为……不)I will be bored in Ms Shen’s class!
2. 倍数表达法
In other words, there are three times as many girls as boys (女生人数是男生人数的三倍).
3. It matters (to sb. )+if 从句/wh-从句
He said it didn’t matter if we made mistakes (如果我们犯错没关系).
4. so 引导的倒装
—I’ve just been to my first language class.
—Oh really？So have I (我也是).
Ⅳ. 教材设题
1. The teachers are very enthusiastic and friendly and the classrooms are ______ .
A. amaze B. amazing
C. amazed D. amazement
【解析】选B。本题考查amaze“使惊奇，使惊愕”的不同变形的区别。应特别注意amaze加-ing和-ed后变为形容词的区分，amazing adj. 令人吃惊的(主语常为物)，amazed adj. 吃惊的，惊讶的(主语常为人)。
2. Ms Shen gave us ______ and then we worked ______ ourselves.
A. instruction; by B. instruction; of
C. instructions; by D. instructions; of
【解析】选C。第一空表示“指示；说明”，常用复数；第二空用by oneself表示“单独地，独自地”，而of oneself 意为“自动地”。
3. My previous teachers’ method of teaching is different from ______ of Ms Shen.
A. that B. what C. one D. it
【解析】选A。此处that作method of teaching的替代词，that作替代词后常接介词短语，而one作替代词时为泛指。
4. I ______ all kinds of after-school activities.
A. join B. participate
C. attend D. take part in
【解析】选D。take part in表示参加有组织的活动；join指加入某一组织并成为其中一员；participate表“参加”时要与介词in搭配; attend 指出席、参加正式场合、会议。
1. The purse found on the playground matches the ______ by Mary, so it must be hers.
［2011泰安模拟］
A. direction B. expression
C. description D. instruction
【解析】选C。句意: 在操场发现的钱包正好和玛丽的描述一致, 因此肯定是她的。description “描述”，符合题意。direction“方向”; expression “表达; 表情”; instruction“指导”。
2. Unless you change your ______ towards your studies, you won’t make any progress, I believe.
［2011北京模拟］
A. point B. idea C. sight D. attitude
【解析】选D。句意：我认为，除非你改变学习态度，否则就不会有任何进步。attitude“态度”符合题意。point“要点”；idea“主意”；sight“视力”。
3. This book is said to be a special one, which ______ many events not found in other history books.
A. writes B. covers C. deals D. refers
【解析】选B。句意：据说这本书很特别，它涉及到许多在其他历史书中找不到的事件。cover此处意为“包含；涉及”符合题意。若选C可改为deals with；若选D可改为refers to。
4. At the meeting, all the people were deeply ______ with her brilliant report.
A. impressed B. surprised
C. excited D. comforted
【解析】选A。句意: 在会上, 所有人都对她出色的报告印象很深。be impressed with“对……印象深刻”符合题意。
5. —Do you have enough to ______ all your daily expenses
—Oh yes, enough and to spare.
［2009山东, 26］
A. cover B. spend C. fill D. offer
【解析】选A。cover在此表示“(钱)够……用”。句意：——你有足够的钱来支付你的日常花销吗？——是的。足够并且还有结余。
1. Like some of my classmates, I can’t live up to my teachers’ expectations, ______ , I let them down.
［2011聊城模拟］
A. in other words B. after all
C. what’s more D. more or less
【解析】选A。句意: 像一些同学一样, 我没有达到老师们的期望, 换句话说, 我让他们失望了。in other words“换句话说”, 符合题意。
2. The party we had been looking forward to ______ part in came at last. How excited we were!
A. take B. taking C. took D. taken
【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。look forward to意为“盼望”, 后跟动词-ing形式作宾语, 此题中we had been looking forward to taking part in是省略that的定语从句, 修饰先行词party。句意为“我们盼望参加的晚会终于到来了。我们多么兴奋啊！”
3. 完成句子
1)The big house was divided into (被分成)several flats.
2)Good apples should be separated from (被分开)bad ones.
1. Helping others is a habit, ______ you can learn even at an early age.
［2010山东, 32］
A. it B. that C. what D. one
【解析】选D。考查代词。it代替前面所指的同一东西, 属于同名同物的替代；that用来替代前面出现过的特指的单数可数名词或者特指的不可数名词, 相当于“the+单数可数名词/不可数名词”, 属于同名异物的替代, that后一般有限定成分；one只能替代可数名词单数, 是泛指概念, 相当于“a/an+单数可数名词”, 属于同名异物的替代；what必须引导名词性从句, 且在句子中作成分。此题中one替代a habit, 是habit的同位语, you can learn even at an early age是one的定语从句。
2. To our surprise, we got ______ people to attend the meeting as we expected.
［2011大连模拟］
A. as twice B. twice many
C. twice many as D. twice as many
【解析】选D。考查倍数表达法: 倍数+as many/much+n. +as. . . 。句意: 使我们感到惊奇的是, 参加会议的人数是我们预想的两倍。
3. —My room gets very cold at night.
— ______ .
［2007江苏, 31］
A. So is mine B. So mine is
C. So does mine D. So mine does
【解析】选C。句意: ——我的屋子夜里很冷。——我的也是。表示“也……”用so引导的倒装; 再根据上句的gets可知应用助动词does, 故选C。
1. 用amaze的适当形式填空。
We were ______ by the ______ news that an eight-year-old child went to college.
答案: amazed; amazing
2. Swimming is my favorite sport. There is ______ like swimming as a means of keeping fit.
［2010江西, 27］
A. something B. anything
C. nothing D. everything
【解析】选C。句意: 游泳是我最喜爱的运动, 没有比游泳更好的锻炼方式了。nothing like“没有什么比得上”符合题意。
Ⅰ. 用所给词的适当形式填空
amaze, instruct, bore, behaviour, describe, impress, correct, fluency, misunderstand, disappoint
1. Children should be taught how to behave towards adults.
2. I am surprised that you had a bad impression of him.
3. She can speak English very fluently .
4. A misunderstanding was the beginning of their quarrel.
5. The child is so naughty that his behaviour is badly in need of correction .
6. It was amazing that such a little boy should be a computer expert.
7. You should follow the instructions on the bottle.
8. It was boring to sit there without anything to do.
9. The scenery is beautiful beyond description .
10. Her failure made her parents disappointed and they were in a bad mood.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. 学生们盼着过周末呢。
The students are looking forward to the weekend.
2. 这门课程一点也不像我期望的那样。
The course was nothing like what I’d expected.
3. 他们请他走人，也就是说，他被解雇了。
They asked him to leave— in other words he was fired.
4. 他绝不是个傻子。
He is far from a fool.
5. 这次调查结果可分为三大类。
The results of the survey can be divided into three main categories.
6. 我们相信她是不会到这里来的。
We don’t believe that she will come here.
7. 在街道的尽头，你会发现两个书店。
At the end of the street, you will find two bookstores.
8. 如果他去那儿，我也去。
If he goes there, so will I .
Ⅲ. 单项填空
1. —Did you have ______ fun in Australia
—Sure. It was ______ unforgettable experience.
A. a; an B. /; the
C. the; an D. /; an
【解析】选D。fun是不可数名词。have fun是固定短语。experience表示“经历”时为可数名词，此处指一次难忘的经历。experience表“经验”时，为不可数名词。
2. His attitude ______ this promotion is similar ______ mine.
A. to; in B. towards; as
C. to; to D. about; with
【解析】选C。考查介词。表示“……的态度”应用attitude to/towards; 表示“与……相似”应用be similar to; “在……方面相似”用be similar in。
3. This play is ______ a success ______ the famous actress’s absence.
A. far from; due to
B. by far; owing to
C. above all; because of
D. far away from; thanks to
【解析】选A。句意为：由于这位著名的女演员的缺席，这出戏远非成功。far away from远离; by far“很，最”; above all“首先，最重要的是”; far from“远非; 一点也不”符合题意; due to/because of/owing to /thanks to都可表示“由于; 因为”，此外，thanks to还有“幸亏”之意。
4. ______ and angry, Mary began to cry loudly and then she ran out of the room.
A. Disappointed B. Disappointing
C. Being disappointed D. To be disappointing
【解析】选A。句意为：由于失望和生气，玛丽开始大声哭起来，然后从屋里跑了出去。此处形容词短语disappointed and angry作原因状语。
5. I don’t suppose Sabrina will volunteer, ______ ？
A. do I B. don’t I
C. will she D. won’t she
【解析】选C。题干为否定转移的句子，且主语为第一人称时，其反意疑问句需根据从句的主谓来变化，排除A、B; 前面有not，故后面用肯定式。
6. Everyone looked ______ when they knew the ______ news that Michael Jackson was announced dead at the hospital after suffering a heart attack on June, 25.
［2011烟台模拟］
A. amazing; amazed B. amazing; amazing
C. amazed; amazing D. amazed; amazed
【解析】选C。第一空表示“惊奇的”，用amazed; 第二空表示“令人惊奇的”用amazing。
7. The old couple preferred a flat in a small town to ______ in so large a city as Chongqing.
[2011重庆模拟]
A. this B. it C. that D. one
【解析】选D。句意：这对老年夫妇宁愿住在一座小城镇的房子里而不愿住在像重庆这样的大城市的房子里。此处空格内若填名词应为a flat为泛指，用代词替代时用one。
【举一反三】
Equipped with modern facilities, today’s hospitals are quite different from ______ of the past.
［2011宁波模拟］
A. that B. those C. one D. ones
【解析】选B。句意: 现在的医院装备了现代化的设备, 和过去有很大的不同。此处空格内的词代表hospitals, 应用those。
8. He divided the sweets ______ the children who were divided ______ three groups.
A. in; in B. into; into
C. between; in D. among; into
【解析】选D。句意为：他把糖果分给被分成三组的这些孩子。第一空表示在这些孩子之间分配，用among; 第二空用be divided into表示“被分成”。
9. When my grandpa was young, he had to ______ several miles a day to school since he had no money to take a bus.
［2011合肥模拟］
A. cover B. take C. get D. make
【解析】选A。句意：当我爷爷年轻时，他不得不每天行走几英里去上学，因为他没有钱乘坐公共汽车。此处cover意为“行走(一段路程)”，符合题意。
【举一反三】
—Will $1，000 ______ the cost of the trip
—I’m afraid not. Perhaps I need another $400.
A. pay B. charge C. cover D. afford
【解析】选C。句意为：——1 000美元够这次旅行的花费吗？——恐怕不够，或许我还需要400美元。pay“支付，付钱”; charge“收费”; afford“负担得起”; cover表示“(钱)够用”，符合题意。
10. We waited and waited, and the exciting moment we were looking forward to ______ at last.
A. come B. came
C. coming D. had come
【解析】选B。句意为：我们一直在等，我们一直期盼的那个激动人心的时刻终于到来了。第二个and后面的句子中the exciting moment为主语，we were looking forward to为省略that/which的定语从句，空格内所填的词为谓语部分，再根据前文可知应用一般过去时came。
【方法技巧】
突破思维定式
在上面的题中，有些同学会受look forward to的影响而误选coming, 但所填之词与look forward to 无任何关系。英语中有些时候我们会受到思维定式的影响而想当然地进行选择，因此，突破思维定式也是一个值得我们特别注意的问题。试看下面几个例句：
①He did what he could ______ (pass) the exam.
此处不要受could 的影响而误用pass; 而应是不定式to pass作目的状语。
②He spent as much time as he could ______ (practise) playing the piano.
此处易受could 的影响而误用practise, 而此处考查的是spend some time doing sth. 的结构; 故填practising。
③The old man referred to ______ (tell) me nothing but the telephone number.
此处为过去分词短语referred to 作定语修饰the old man, 而空格内应填谓语动词told，不要受to的影响而填telling。
11. Paper bags produced every year are ______ the world’s production of vehicles.
［2011上海模拟］
A. three time weight of
B. three times the weight of
C. as three times heavy as
D. three times as heavier as
【解析】 选B。句意为：每年生产的纸袋的重量是世界上车辆总重量的三倍。此题考查倍数表达法。A项three time应为three times, 且应在weight前加the; C项three times 应在as heavy as 之前; D项heavier应为heavy。
12. The new tax policy only affects people on yearly incomes over ￥120, 000, ______ the very rich.
[2011吉林模拟]
A. by the way B. as a result
C. in other words D. as a manner of
【解析】选C。句意：新税法只对年收入十二万以上的人，即特别富裕的人有影响。in other words“也就是说”，符合题意。by the way“顺便说”; as a result“结果是”; as a manner of“作为……的方式”。
【举一反三】
People may have different opinions about Karen, but I admire her. ______ , she is a great musician.
［2011晋中模拟］
A. After all B. As a result
C. In other words D. As usual
【解析】选A。句意：人们对Karen可能有不同的看法，但我佩服她，毕竟她是一位伟大的音乐家。after all“毕竟”符合题意。as a result“结果是”，in other words“换句话说”; as usual“和往常一样”。
13. The school has a system of ______ and punishments to encourage good behaviour.
A. attitudes B. traps
C. rewards D. commands
【解析】选C。句意：这所学校有一套奖惩制度来鼓励好的行为。rewards“奖励”与punishments相对应，符合题意。attitude“态度”; trap“陷阱”; command“命令; 指挥”。
14. We all think it was a ______ football match between Guoan and Shenhua and we were all ______ at it.
A. disappointing; disappointing
B. disappointed; disappointing
C. disappointed; disappointed
D. disappointing; disappointed
【解析】选D。第一空表示足球赛是“令人失望的”，用disappointing; 第二空表示我们都“感到失望”，用disappointed。
15. She won’t go to the library tomorrow. ______ .
[2011拉萨模拟]
A. So will I B. Me, neither
C. Nor am I D. Me, too
【解析】选B。句意：她明天不去图书馆，我也不去。A、D两项都表肯定，故应排除; 若选C应为Nor/Neither will I。
【举一反三】
He promised to come at 9: 30 and ______ .
A. so was he B. so he was
C. so did he D. so he did
【解析】选D。句意为：他答应九点半来，而且他确实做到了。so+主语+助动词/情态动词用来表示“的确如此”，排除A、C; 再根据谓语动词的形式可知用so he did。
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
I told my friend Graham that I often cycle two miles from my house to the town centre but unfortunately there is a big hill on the route. He replied, “You mean fortunately. ” He explained that I should be glad of the extra exercise that the hill provided.
My attitude to the hill has now changed. I used to grumble as I approached it but now I tell myself the following. This hill will exercise my heart and lungs. It will help me to lose weight and get fit. It will mean that I live longer. This hill is my friend. Finally I comfort myself with the thought of all those silly people who pay money to go to a gym and sit on stationary exercise bicycles when I can get the same value for free. I have a smile of satisfaction as I reach the top of the hill.
Problems are there to be faced and overcome. We cannot achieve anything with an easy life. Helen Keller was the first deaf and blind person to gain a university degree. Her activism and writing proved inspirational. She wrote, “Character cannot be developed in ease and quiet. Only through experiences of trial and suffering can the soul be strengthened, vision cleared, ambition inspired and success achieved. ”
One of the main determinants of success in life is our attitude towards adversity(逆境). From time to time we all face hardships, problems, accidents, afflictions and difficulties. Some are of our making but many confront us through no fault of our own. While we cannot choose the adversity we can choose our attitude towards it.
Douglas Bader was 21 when in 1931 he had both legs cut off following a flying accident. He was determined to fly again and went on to become one of the leading flying aces in the Battle of Britain with 22 aerial victories over the Germans. He was an inspiration to others during the war. He said, “Don’t listen to anyone who tells you that you can’t do this or that. That’s nonsense. Make up your mind, you’ll never use crutches(拐杖) or a stick, then have a go at everything. Go to school, join in all the games you can. Go anywhere you want to. But never, never let them persuade you that things are too difficult or impossible. ”
The biographies(传记) of great people are full of examples of how they took steps to overcome the difficulties they faced. The common thread is that they did not become depressed. They chose their attitude. They chose to be positive. They took on the challenge. They won.
Nevertheless, there is still the problem of how you change your attitude towards adversity.
【文章大意】生活中，决定成败的主要因素之一是我们对待逆境的态度。虽然我们不能避开逆境，但是我们可以选择面对它的态度。
1. The underlined word “grumble” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to ______ .
A. tremble B. complain
C. speed up D. slow down
【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据语境判断，我以前认为自己很不幸运，因为路途中要经过一个大山岗。所以每当我接近大山岗时就会“抱怨”(complain)。后文作者告诉自己的话是积极的，说明grumble具有消极含义，因此选B项。
2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the author of the passage
A. Climbing hills on bicycles is the best way to take exercise.
B. People are silly to pay to go to the gym.
C. Those who want to achieve success can’t expect to live an easy life.
D. People’s attitude towards adversity is the only factor that determines whether they will succeed.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的We cannot achieve anything with an easy life. 可判断C项是作者的观点。
3. By quoting what Douglas Bader said, the author intends to tell us “______”.
A. Failure is the mother of success
B. A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit
C. If you venture nothing, you will have nothing
D. Nothing is difficult to the man who will try
【解析】选D。推理判断题。选项A的含义为“失败乃成功之母”; 选项B的含义为“吃一堑，长一智”; 选项C的含义为“不入虎穴，焉得虎子”; 选项D的含义为“世上无难事，只要肯登攀”。D项含义与所引用的话(倒数第三段)含义相符。
4. Which of the following can best function as the title of the passage
A. Face adversity with a smile
B. Different attitudes towards adversity
C. Nothing is impossible
D. Life is full of adversity
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。本文围绕面对逆境我们应持乐观的态度这一话题展开，所以选项A“笑对逆境”适合作本文标题。
Ⅴ. 任务型阅读
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
1 We’ve worked to make their streets and their schools safer, to give them something positive to do after school and before their parents get home. We’ve worked to teach our children that drugs are dangerous, illegal and wrong.
Today, I want to talk to you about the historic opportunity we now have to protect our nation’s children from an even more deadly threat. 2 Smoking kills more people every day than AIDS, alcohol, car accidents, murders, suicides, drugs and fires combined. Nearly 90 percent of those smokers lit their first cigarette before they turned 18. Consider this: 3, 000 children start to smoke every day illegally, and 1, 000 of them will die sooner because of it. 3 For more than five years we’ve worked to stop our children from smoking before they start, starting a
nationwide campaign to educate them about the dangers of smoking to reduce their access to tobacco products, and to severely restrict tobacco companies from advertising to young people. 4 That means if we act now, we have it in our power to stop 3 million children from smoking and to save millions of lives as a result. So this is an emergency that needs quick action of all of us. 5
A. Since I took office I’ve done everything in my power to protect our children from harm.
B. This is a national tragedy that every American should help prevent.
C. The quicker action we take, the less teen smokers there will be.
D. We had to educate them about the dangers of smoking.
E. It is smoking that is more terrible than drugs.
F. Compared with other disasters, drugs kill more people every day.
G. If we do these, we’ll cut teen smoking by almost half over the next five years.
答案：1~5. AEBGC
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Children should be taught how to behave（举止，表现） towards adults.
2.I am surprised that you had a bad impression（印象） of him.
3.She can speak English very fluently（流利地）.
4.A misunderstanding（误解） was the beginning of their quarrel.
5.The child is so naughty that his behaviour is badly in need of correction（改正，纠正）.
6.It was amazing（令人吃惊的） that such a little boy should be a computer expert.
7.You should follow the instructions（用法说明） on the bottle.
8.It was boring（令人厌烦的） to sit there without anything to do.
9.The scenery is beautiful beyond description（描述）.
10.Her failure made her parents disappointed（失望的） and they were in a bad mood.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.学生们盼着过周末呢。
The students are looking forward to the weekend.
2.这门课程一点也不像我期望的那样。
The course was nothing like what I’d expected.
3.他们请他走人，也就是说，他被解雇了。
They asked him to leave— in other words he was fired.
4.他绝不是个傻子。
He is far from a fool.
5.这次调查结果可分为三大类。
The results of the survey can be divided into three main categories.
6.我们相信她是不会到这里来的。
We don’t believe that she will come here.
7.在街道的尽头，你会发现两个书店。
At the end of the street, you will find two bookstores.
8.如果他去那儿，我也去。
If he goes there, so will I .
Ⅲ. 语法和词汇知识
1. —Did you have _____ fun in Australia
—Sure. It was _____ unforgettable experience.
A. a; an B. /；the
C. the; an D. /；an
【解析】选D。fun是不可数名词。have fun是固定短语。experience表示“经历”时为可数名词，此处指一次难忘的经历。experience表“经验”时，为不可数名词。
2. His attitude _____ this promotion is similar _____ mine.
A. to; in B. towards; as
C. to; to D. about; with
【解析】选C。考查介词。表示“……的态度”应用attitude to/towards；表示“与……相似”应用be similar to；“在……方面相似”用be similar in。
3. This play is _____ a success _____ the famous actress’s absence.
A. far from; due to
B. by far; owing to
C. above all; because of
D. far away from; thanks to
【解析】选A。句意为：由于这位著名的女演员的缺席，这出戏远非成功。far away from远离；by far“很，最”; above all“首先，最重要的是”; far from“远非；一点也不”符合题意；due to/because of/owing to /thanks to都可表示“由于；因为”，此外，thanks to还有“幸亏”之意。
4. _____ and angry, Mary began to cry loudly and then she ran out of the room.
A. Disappointed B. Disappointing
C. Being disappointed D. To be disappointing
【解析】选A。句意为：由于失望和生气，玛丽开始大声哭起来，然后从屋里跑了出去。此处形容词短语disappointed and angry作原因状语。
5. I don’t suppose Sabrina will volunteer, _____ ？
A. do I B. don’t I
C. will she D. won’t she
【解析】选C。题干为否定转移的句子，且主语为第一人称时，其反意疑问句需根据从句的主谓来变化，排除A、B；前面有not，故后面用肯定式。
6. Everyone looked _____ when they knew the _____ news that Michael Jackson was announced dead at the hospital after suffering a heart attack on June, 25.
A. amazing; amazed B. amazing; amazing
C. amazed; amazing D. amazed; amazed
【解析】选C。第一空表示“惊奇的”，用amazed；第二空表示“令人惊奇的”用amazing。
7. He found this kind of cellphone both good and cheap, so he decided to buy _____ .
［2011西安模拟］
A. this B. that C. it D. one
【解析】选D。句意：他发现这种手机既好又便宜，因此他决定去买一个。此处空格内若填名词, 应为a cellphone，是泛指，可用代词one替代。
【举一反三】
①The old couple preferred a flat in a small town to _____ in so large a city as Chongqing.
A. this B. it C. that D. one
【解析】选D。句意：这对老年夫妇宁愿住在一座小城镇的房子里而不愿住在像重庆这样的大城市的房子里。此处空格内若填名词应为a flat为泛指，用代词替代时用one。
②Equipped with modern facilities, today’s hospitals are quite different from _____ of the past.
A. that B. those
C. one D. ones
【解析】选B。句意: 现在的医院装备了现代化的设备, 和过去有很大的不同。此处空格内的词代表hospitals, 应用those。
8. He divided the sweets _____ the children who were divided _____ three groups.
A. in; in B. into; into
C. between; in D. among; into
【解析】选D。句意为：他把糖果分给被分成三组的这些孩子。第一空表示在这些孩子之间分配，用among; 第二空用be divided into表示“被分成”。
9. When my grandpa was young, he had to _____ several miles a day to school since he had no money to take a bus.
A. cover B. take
C. get D. make
【解析】选A。句意：当我爷爷年轻时，他不得不每天行走几英里去上学，因为他没有钱乘坐公共汽车。此处cover意为“行走（一段路程）”，符合题意。
【举一反三】—Will $1，000 _____ the cost of the trip
—I’m afraid not. Perhaps I need another $400.
A. pay B. charge
C. cover D. afford
【解析】选C。句意为：——1 000美元够这次旅行的花费吗？——恐怕不够，或许我还需要400美元。pay“支付，付钱”; charge“收费”; afford“负担得起”; cover表示“（钱）够用”，符合题意。
10. We waited and waited, and the exciting moment we were looking forward to _____ at last.
A. come B. came
C. coming D. had come
【解析】选B。句意为：我们一直在等，我们一直期盼的那个激动人心的时刻终于到来了。第二个and后面的句子中the exciting moment为主语，we were looking forward to为省略that/which的定语从句，空格内所填的词为谓语部分，再根据前文可知应用一般过去时came。
【方法技巧】突破思维定式
在上面的题中，有些同学会受look forward to的影响而误选coming, 但所填之词与look forward to 无任何关系。英语中有些时候我们会受到思维定式的影响而想当然地进行选择，因此，突破思维定式也是一个值得我们特别注意的问题。试看下面几个例句：
①He did what he could ______ (pass) the exam.
此处不要受could 的影响而误用pass; 而应是不定式to pass作目的状语。
②He spent as much time as he could _____ (practise)playing the piano.
此处易受could 的影响而误用practise, 而此处考查的是spend some time doing sth. 的结构；故填practising。
③The old man referred to _____ (tell) me nothing but the telephone number.
此处为过去分词短语referred to 作定语修饰the old man, 而空格内应填谓语动词told，不要受to的影响而填telling。
11. Paper bags produced every year are _____ the world’s production of vehicles.
［2011上海模拟］
A. three time weight of
B. three times the weight of
C. as three times heavy as
D. three times as heavier as
【解析】 选B。句意为：每年生产的纸袋的重量是世界上车辆总重量的三倍。此题考查倍数表达法。A项three time应为three times, 且应在weight前加the; C项three times 应在as heavy as 之前；D项heavier应为heavy。
12. The new tax policy only affects people on yearly incomes over ￥120, 000, _____ the very rich.
A. by the way B. as a result
C. in other words D. as a manner of
【解析】选C。句意：新税法只对年收入十二万以上的人，即特别富裕的人有影响。in other words“也就是说”，符合题意。by the way“顺便说”；as a result“结果是”；as a manner of“作为……的方式”。
【举一反三】People may have different opinions about Karen, but I admire her. _____ , she is a great musician.
［2011晋中模拟］
A. After all B. As a result
C. In other words D. As usual
【解析】选A。句意：人们对Karen可能有不同的看法，但我佩服她，毕竟她是一位伟大的音乐家。after all“毕竟”符合题意。as a result“结果是”，in other words“换句话说”；as usual“和往常一样”。
13. The school has a system of _____ and punishments to encourage good behaviour.
［2011济南模拟］
A. attitudes B. traps
C. rewards D. commands
【解析】选C。句意：这所学校有一套奖惩制度来鼓励好的行为。rewards“奖励”与punishments相对应，符合题意。attitude“态度”；trap“陷阱”；command“命令；指挥”。
14. We all think it was a _____ football match between Guoan and Shenhua and we were all _____ at it.
A. disappointing; disappointing
B. disappointed; disappointing
C. disappointed; disappointed
D. disappointing; disappointed
【解析】选D。第一空表示足球赛是“令人失望的”，用disappointing；第二空表示我们都“感到失望”，用disappointed。
15. She won’t go to the library tomorrow. _____ .
[2011拉萨模拟]
A. So will I B. Me, neither
C. Nor am I D. Me, too
【解析】选B。句意：她明天不去图书馆，我也不去。A、D两项都表肯定，故应排除；若选C应为Nor/Neither will I。
【举一反三】He promised to come at 9: 30 and _____ .
A. so was he B. so he was
C. so did he D. so he did
【解析】选D。句意为：他答应九点半来，而且他确实做到了。so+主语+助动词/情态动词用来表示“的确如此”，排除A、C；再根据谓语动词的形式可知用so he did。
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
Watching a huge crowd, we can see laughter, cheers, hugs—but also many tears.
It makes us wonder: why do people cry Surely tears must be good for us—a way to calm the mind and cleanse（使清洁；清洗） the body. Yet studies show that crying sometimes makes people feel worse.
Three researchers in Florida and the Netherlands recently looked more deeply into the subject. They examined detailed descriptions of crying experiences. The team analyzed（分析）information from the International Study on Adult Crying. As part of that study, 3, 000 people in different countries, mostly college students, wrote about recent crying experiences. They noted causes, surroundings and any people involved in the events. They also reported how they felt after they cried.
Professor Rottenberg, one of the three researchers, says the research showed that all crying experiences are not created equal. Crying does not always make a person feel better, he says. About ten percent of people reported feeling worse after they cried. But a third felt better after crying. And a majority reported the experience as helpful.
The research showed that people who cry alone may not do as well as those with others around. People who reached out for emotional（情感的）support at the time—and received it—reported better results from the crying experiences. But Professor Rottenberg says those who felt shame（羞愧）or embarrassment while crying were less likely to report that crying had been helpful.
Research has shown that women cry more often and more strongly than men. But it may not be to better effect, says the psychologist. The new findings, he says, did not show that a person’s sex was a predictor of beneficial crying. In other words, it does not mean they are more likely to have a“good”cry just because women cry more.
【文章大意】众所周知，眼泪对人体有很大的好处，但哭后人们并不会都感觉良好，有些反而会感到心情更糟。
1. Why are tears good for us
A. They can protect bacteria from entering into our eyes.
B. They can calm us down and remove something bad.
C. They can make others care about our feelings.
D. They can make us feel less ashamed.
【解析】选B。事实细节题。从第二段Surely tears must be good for us-a way to calm the mind and cleanse the body. 可知选B。
2. According to the passage, people crying with others around _____ .
A. must get support from others
B. would never cry again
C. felt worse than before
D. felt better than those crying alone
【解析】选D。事实细节题。根据第五段，在别人面前放声痛哭，可以得到他们的安慰，但那些偷偷独自哭泣的人哭后心情会更糟糕。故选D项。
3. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _____ .
A. women have stronger feelings than men
B. crying can make women feel better
C. women are more likely to cry well
D. the effect of crying has little to do with sex
【解析】选D。推理判断题。最后一段表明，跟男的相比，女的哭的次数较多，并且也较强烈，但哭后效果却不一定比男的好，这就说明哭的效果跟性别没有多大关系。故选D项。
4. What is the main idea of the passage
A. Crying is helpful.
B. How to get a “good” cry.
C. A study behind tears.
D. The more you cry, the better you will feel.
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。本文具体介绍了对人们哭后心情的调查结果，因此C项最能表达本文的大意。
Ⅴ. 任务型阅读
［2011咸阳模拟］
根据短文内容，从下框的A~F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。
A．I value honesty.
B．I believe in God.
C．I did pretty well as a taxi driver.
D．I feel good for doing something right.
E．We taxi drivers are often misunderstood.
F．I serve people well whether they tip or not.
1．
I believe honesty is one of the greatest gifts there are. I know they call it a lot of fancy names these days, like integrity（正直）and forthrightness（坦率）. But it doesn’t make any difference what they call it; it’s still what makes a man a good citizen. This is my code, and I try to live by.
2．
I’ve been in the taxi business for thirty-five years, and I know there is a lot about it that is not so good. Taxi drivers have to be rough and rude fellows to be able to take it in New York. You’ve got to be tough to fight the New York traffic eight hours a day these days. Because taxi drivers are tough, people get the wrong impression that they are bad. Taxi drivers are just like other people. Most of them will shake down as honest fellows. You read in the papers almost every week where a taxi driver turns in money or jewels or bonds, stuff like that, people leave in their taxi. If they weren’t honest, you wouldn’t be reading those stories in the papers.
3.
One time in Brooklyn, I found a diamond ring in my taxi. I remembered helping a lady with a lot of baggage that day, so I went back to where I had dropped her off. It took me almost two days to track her in order to return her ring. I didn’t get as much as “thank you”. Still, I felt good because I had done what was right. I think I felt better than she did.
4．
I was born and raised in Ireland and lived there until I was nineteen years old. After I came to this country I bought my own cab and have owned one ever since. It hasn’t been too easy at times, but my wife takes care of our money and we have a good bit put away for a rainy day, even in those days. In all my years of driving a taxi, I have never had any trouble with the public, not even with drunks. Even if they get a little troublesome once in a while, I just agree with them and then they behave themselves.
5．
People ask me about tips. As far as I know, practically everyone will give you e to think of it, most Americans are pretty generous. I always try to be nice to everyone, whether they tip or not. I believe in God and try to be a good member of my parish（教区）. I try to act toward others like I think God wants me to act. I have been trying this for a long time, and the longer I try, the easier it gets.
答案：1~5. AEDCF