高一英语单元复习配套课件：Module3 The Violence of Nature （外研版必修3）

(共133张PPT)
Ⅲ. 句式填空
1. leave(使, 让)+宾语+介词短语
They can destroy houses, but leave the furniture inside exactly where it was (把房内的家具留在原处).
2. v.-ing形式作状语
On average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing about 80 deaths and 1, 500 injuries (造成大约80人死亡, 1 500人受伤).
3. by the time(到……时候)引导时间状语从句
By the time it ended (等到风停时), more than 700 people had been killed and 2, 700 had been injured.
4. there’s the possibility of有……的可能性
When the lava reached the sea, there was the possibility of (有……的可能性) a huge tidal wave which could flood half the island.
Ⅳ. 教材设题
1. The Gulf Stream is a warm ocean current which starts in the Gulf of Mexico and flows northeast ______ the Atlantic.
A. through B. on
C. across D. over
【解析】选C。考查介词。表示在水、湖泊、海洋上穿过时, 要用across。across指从一个平面上穿过; through指从一个四周都有东西的三维空间穿过; on指在……的上面, 表示两者的接触; over指跨越有一定高度的东西。
2. The worst tornado of all time occurred in 1925, ______ three US states: Missouri, Illinois and Indiana.
A. affected B. to affect
C. affecting D. and affects
【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。此处affecting相当于and affected, 表示结果。主语the worst tornado与affect之间是逻辑上的主动关系, 所以要用v.-ing形式作状语。
3. He then moved to New York, ______ he became famous.
A. which B. that
C. when D. where
【解析】选D。考查引导定语从句的关系词。句意: 然后他去了纽约, 在那儿他成名了。根据句意以及句子结构可知此处需要关系副词where, 表示“在纽约”。
4. We spoke to a local journalist and he told us that no one ______ in the incident.
A. had been died B. were died
C. had been killed D. were killed
【解析】选C。考查动词与时态。首先die是不及物动词, 不能用于被动语态, 所以排除A、B两项。而kill是及物动词, 可以用于被动语态。根据语境可知kill这一动作应发生在told之前, 所以用过去完成时的被动语态。
5. Is ______ possible that there could be another earthquake there
A. there B. this C. that D. it
【解析】选D。此处it作形式主语, 真正的主语是that there could be another earthquake there。
1. After the earthquake we could see the ______ of the village.
A. ruins B. ashes
C. damages D. destruction
【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。ruins废墟; ashes灰烬; damages损害赔偿金; destruction破坏。句意: 地震后, 我们看到那个村子成为废墟。
2. Mr. Lee hasn’t got any time to play golf these days, because he is ______ in the research of bird language.
A. devoted B. buried
C. concentrated D. spared
【解析】选B。句意: 李先生这些天没去打过高尔夫, 因为他在专心研究鸟语。devote to致力于; be buried in专心做; concentrate on专心做; spare省出, 腾出。
3. How does the plan ______ you
A. occur B. strike C. beat D. happen
【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意: 你是怎样想到这个计划的？此处strike表示“想到”。干扰项是occur, 若选A, 要在空后面加介词to。
4. They have repaired and painted again the building ______ in the earthquake.
A. ruined B. destroyed
C. damaged D. injured
【解析】选C。句意：他们修理好并重新粉刷了地震中受损的大楼。ruin毁灭, 变成废墟; destroy彻底损坏, 无法修复; damage不完全损坏, 还可以修复使用; injure指人或动物的躯体受伤。根据句意, 要用damage。
1. At first he refused to accept any responsibility but he ______ apologizing.
A. brought up B. set up
C. kept up D. ended up
【解析】选D。考查动词短语。bring up抚养, 提出, 呕吐; set up建立; keep up继续; end up结果为……, 以……结束。句意：最初他拒绝承担任何责任, 到头来还是道了歉。
2. Joining the firm as a clerk, he got rapid promotion, and ______ as a manager.
［2010天津, 11］
A. ended up B. dropped out
C. came back D. started off
【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。end up结果为……; drop out中途退出; come back回来; start off出发。句意: 他进入公司时是一名职员, 但很快得到提升, 结果当上了经理。
3. 用at all, first of all, after all, above all, in all填空
① He hasn’t finished the work, but after all he has tried his best.
② First of all she just smiled, and then she started to laugh.
③ There was nothing to worry about at all .
④ He loves music, above all , classical music.
⑤ He spent very little time at school, perhaps not more than a year in all .
完成句子
1. 我们有可能在月末放两天假。
There is a possibility that we will have two days off at the end of the month.
2. 有感染的可能吗？
Is there the possibility of infection
—Have you had any ______ in teaching
—Yes, I used to be a teacher, and I had some very interesting ______ during the period.
A. experiences; experience B. experience; experience
C. experience; experiences D. experiences; experiences
【解析】选C。experience作“经验”讲时, 通常用作不可数名词; 当它作“经历”讲时, 是可数名词, 有复数形式, 也可与不定冠词连用。
Ⅰ. 用所给词的适当形式填空
experience, occur, strike, terrify, possible, lucky, cause, damage, violent, bury
1. I’m terrified to be alone in the house.
2. The attack damaged relations between two countries.
3. People say that lightning never strikes twice in the same place.
4. The thought of giving up never occurred to me.
5. He apologizes for causing you any embarrassment.
6. It was the most wonderful feeling she had ever experienced .
7. We can’t rule out the possibility that it may happen again.
8. Unluckily for him, he was caught in the heavy rain and as a result, he became ill.
9. The house was buried under ten feet of snow.
10. There were violent conflicts between the police and the robbers on the streets last night.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. 有可能他会打破世界纪录。
There is the/a possibility of his breaking the world record. / There is the possibility that he will break the world record.
2. 你踩着我的脚了, 请你把脚抬一下行吗
Would you mind taking your foot off mine
3. 谁放火烧了这座工厂还不知道。
Who set fire to the factory was unknown.
4. 他点着了一支香烟, 但很快又熄灭了。
He lit a cigarette and almost immediately put it out again.
5. 这一事故把汽车损坏得很厉害。
The accident did/caused a lot of damage to the car.
6. 在我搬到这儿之前, 我在农村住了十年。
By the time I moved here, I had lived in the countryside for 10 years.
7. 平均而言, 十分之一的学生通过了这次考试。
On average , one in ten students passed the exam.
8. 我的汽车给我带来很多麻烦。
My car has caused me a lot of trouble .
Ⅲ. 单项填空
1. ______ I failed in English a third time, I had no doubt about my gift for foreign languages.
［2011天津模拟］
A. By the time B. Unless
C. After D. Until
【解析】选D。句意: 直到我又一次英语考试不及格, 我才怀疑我学习外语的天赋。根据句意可知此处选D。
2. As is often pointed out, knowledge is a two-edged weapon which can be used ______ for good or evil.
［2011合肥模拟］
A. similarly B. unluckily
C. equally D. violently
【解析】选C。考查副词词义辨析。similarly相似地, 同样地; unluckily不幸地; equally同样地; violently猛烈地。句意：正如经常指出的那样, 知识是种双刃武器, 它既可以用来做好事, 同样也可以用来做坏事。根据句意可知选C。
3. ______ is known that the play ______ Hamlet’s death.
A. It; ends by B. As; ends up with
C. It; ends up with D. As; ends with
【解析】选C。句意: 众所周知, 这出戏以哈姆雷特的死告终。It is known that. . . 众所周知……, it为形式主语; end up with. . . 以……结束。
4. He ______ his head under his pillow because of the noise from upstairs. But he still couldn’t ______ asleep.
A. buried; go B. placed; went
C. buried; fall D. laid; go to
【解析】选C。句意: 由于楼上的噪音, 他把头压在枕头底下, 但是仍然不能入睡。fall asleep入睡, 是固定短语。
5. He said 15 people ______ , two of them ______ to hospital.
［2011长春模拟］
A. have injured; admitting
B. have been injured; being admitted
C. had injured; to admit
D. had been injured; admitted
【解析】选D。考查时态与独立主格结构。句意: 他说15个人受伤, 其中两个人被送进了医院。根据句意以及he said可知其后面的宾语从句的时态要用过去完成时。two of them admitted to hospital是独立主格结构。独立主格结构为“名词或代词+动词不定式/v.-ing形式/过去分词/形容词/副词/介词短语/名词”。
6. Sales slow down after the Spring Festival, but we are expecting things to ______ again this coming May Day.
A. take over B. pick up
C. come over D. go up
【解析】选B。考查动词短语。take over接管; pick up拾起, 收听, 接人, 学得, 好转; come over走上前; go up上升。句意: 春节过后, 销售额回落, 但是我们预料情况在即将到来的五一会再次好转。此处干扰项是D。若把things改为sales, 选D是可以的。
7. His ______ voice shows that he’s greatly ______ .
A. terrified; terrified B. terrified; terrifying
C. terrifying; terrifying D. terrifying; terrified
【解析】选A。句意：他害怕的声音表明了他非常害怕。terrified表示人内心的害怕, 可修饰look/expression/voice, 表示“害怕的表情/声音”。terrifying look/expression/voice, 表示“令人害怕的表情/声音”。
8. At this rate, the forest will be completely ______ within the next 30 years.
A. damaged B. ruined
C. spoiled D. destroyed
【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。damage表示不一定全部毁坏, 且损害部分能修复; ruin多用于借喻中, 指价值、用途等毁坏; spoil指宠坏; destroy指彻底毁坏以致很难修复。根据题干中的completely可知此处指森林就会完全被毁, 故选D。
9. ______ by the mudslide, Zhouqu, a city in Gansu Province, was cut off from the outside.
A. Having struck B. To be struck
C. Struck D. Being struck
【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。此处struck by the mudslide相当于状语从句because it was struck by the mudslide。由此可知句子主语Zhouqu与strike之间是逻辑上的被动关系, 所以要用过去分词。to be struck作状语表示目的, being struck表示“正在被袭击”。
【方法技巧】
非谓语动词作状语
非谓语动词的形式有三种, 即动词不定式、v.-ing形式与过去分词。它们都可以作状语, 选择哪种形式作状语, 首先要看它们与句子主语的关系：动词不定式、v.-ing形式与句子主语是逻辑上的主动关系, 过去分词与句子主语是逻辑上的被动关系; 然后看它们的意思。其中, 动词不定式作状语位于句首时, 表示目的, v.-ing形式与过去分词不能表示目的。另外, 动词不定式表示结果时, 强调意外的结果, 而v.-ing形式表示结果时, 指顺其自然的结果。例如:
To see what was happening, he climbed onto the roof of his house. 为了看到正在发生的事情, 他爬上了房顶。(动词不定式表示目的)
Seeing what was happening, he was frightened. 看到正在发生的事情, 他很害怕。(v.-ing形式作时间状语)
Seen from the top of the mountain, the village in the valley looked small. 从山顶上看去, 山谷的村子看起来很小。(过去分词短语作时间状语)
The price of the house continued going up, reaching 3, 000 yuan per square metre. 房价继续攀升, 达到了每平方三千元。(v.-ing形式作结果状语)
We finished the task on time, only to be told that it hadn’t been carried out as planned. 我们按时完成了任务, 结果却被告知我们没有按计划执行。(动词不定式作结果状语)
10. There ______ a terrible accident then, ______ three passengers were killed and twenty were injured as well.
A. occurred; which B. occurred; in which
C. was occurred; which D. was occurred; in which
【解析】选B。考查语态与定语从句。句意: 那时发生了一起可怕的事故, 其中三个乘客死亡, 二十名乘客受伤。首先occur不能用于被动语态, 故排除C、D两项; 另外, 根据选项以及句子结构可以看出此句的后半部分是一个非限制性定语从句, 修饰前面的a terrible accident。又根据句意可知此处应用in which, which指代accident。故选B。
11. In yesterday’s newspaper, it was reported that great damages ______ by the flood.
A. had done B. had been done
C. has done D. has been done
【解析】选B。考查时态与语态。句意: 在昨天的报纸上, 据报道洪水造成了巨大损失。根据句意可知“洪水造成了巨大损失”这件事发生在“报道”以前, 所以要用过去完成时。另外, 又根据句子结构可知此处应用被动语态。所以选B。
12. On August 24, 2010, a plane crash at Yichun airport ______ 42 deaths.
A. caused B. made C. bea D. hit
【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。cause引起, 造成; make制造, 使; beat打, 打败; hit打, 袭击。句意: 2010年8月24日, 伊春机场的飞机坠毁事故造成42人死亡。根据句意可知选A。
13. ______ is no possibility ______ I can be admitted to Beijing University.
A. It; that B. It; where
C. There; where D. There; that
【解析】选D。考查句型There is no possibility that. . . ……没有可能。此句型相当于It is not possible that. . . 。句意：我不可能被北京大学录取。
14. In order to continue to learn by ourselves after leaving school, we must ______ learn how to study in the school now.
A. after all B. in all
C. above all D. at all
【解析】选C。句意：为了毕业后继续自学, 我们现在在学校里最重要的是必须学会如何学习。after all毕竟, 终究; in all总共; above all最重要的是; at all完全。
15. You must try some of her home-made wine and it’s quite ______ experience! I know from ______ experience it is very good.
A. an; an B. the; the
C. an; / D. /; an
【解析】选C。考查冠词。experience作为名词, 表示“经历”时, 是可数名词, 表示“经验”时, 是不可数名词。句意: 你一定要尝一尝她自酿的酒, 你可以一饱口福！凭经验我可以判断这酒很好。根据句意可知第一个experience表示“一次经历”, 所以其前面要加不定冠词, 第二个experience与from构成固定搭配, 表示“凭经验”。
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
(A)
BEIJING—Floods and landslides have left 3, 185 people dead and more than 1, 060 missing in China this year, China’s Ministry of Civil Affairs (MCA) said Tuesday.
Heavy rains have hit many Chinese provinces, including Gansu, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Jilin, Jiangxi and Hubei this year. As of Tuesday, about 230 million Chinese had been affected.
Nearly 15. 2 million people had been evacuated and 16. 5 million hectares(公顷) of crops had been affected. Direct economic losses stood at more than 350 billion yuan (US $51. 4 billion), according to figures released by the China National Committee for Disaster Reduction and the MCA.
The ministries of finance and civil affairs had allocated more than 2 billion yuan of relief funds to the eight provinces hardest hit by the floods and landslides.
Floods and landslides have caused chaos across the country this summer.
A devastating landslide in northwest China’s Gansu Province earlier in August had killed at least 1, 467 as of Monday, with 298 still missing.
To cope with natural disasters in a more efficient and organized manner, the MCA has worked out a regulation on natural disaster relief.
The regulation includes guidelines, including preparation for disaster relief, first aid, post-disaster relief and management of disaster donations. It takes effect on Wednesday.
【文章大意】这篇新闻主要报道了这一年的洪水、泥石流灾害给中国造成的巨大的损失及人员伤亡。
1. The underlined word “evacuated” in Paragraph 3 probably means “______”.
A. rescued B. removed
C. drowned D. dismissed
【解析】选B。词义猜测题。文章开头列出今年洪水和泥石流灾害共造成3 185人死亡和1 060人失踪, 可看出文中“15. 2 million people”不是死亡而是被疏散。remove撤离, 移走; rescue营救; drown淹死, 溺死; dismiss 开除, 驱散。
2. Which one is NOT mentioned in the passage？
A. Floods resulted in great economic losses to China.
B. The government allocated much money to the disaster areas.
C. Gansu, Sichuan, and Shandong were hit by the landslides.
D. The MCA has worked out a regulation on natural disaster relief.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。文章第三段“Direct economic losses stood at more than 350 billion yuan. . . ”说明A项正确。根据第四段可知B项正确。根据倒数第二段可知D项正确。C项内容与第二段第一句不符。
3. What would be the best title for the passage
A. Terrible landslides and floods
B. Floods brought great disasters to China
C. Floods and landslides cause lots of deaths and economic losses to China
D. A type of landslide protection method has been created
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。全文主要列举了洪水和泥石流造成的重大人员死亡和经济损失。故选C。
4. This passage may appear in a ______ .
A. magazine B. book
C. advertisement D. newspaper
【解析】选D。推理判断题。开头“BEIJING—. . . ”及文章对洪水和泥石流灾害的叙述可看出本篇属于新闻报道。 出现在报纸上是理所当然的。
(B)
The announcements by the NASA,
in the form of several web site postings
and a video posted on You Tube, were
in response to worries that the world
will end on Dec. 21, 2012.
The doomsday(末日) rumour reached a high point with the release of the new movie “2012”, directed by Roland Emmerich. In the movie, Yellowstone blows up, showering the continent with black ash. Tidal waves wash over the Himalayas, where the governments of the planet have secretly built a ship which a select 400, 000 people can ride out the storm. There are hundreds of books devoted to 2012, and
millions of web sites, depending on what combination of “2012” and “doomsday” you type into Google. All of it, astronomers say, is nonsense. “Most of what’s claimed for 2012 relies on wishful thinking and ignorance of astronomy. ” Ed Krupp, an expert on ancient astronomy, wrote in an article in the November issue of Sky & Telescope.
“I get angry at the way people are being influenced and frightened to make money. ” Dr. Morrison said. “There is no right to frighten children to make a buck(挣钱). ” suggested David Morrison, an astronomer at the NASA Ames Research Center in Moffett Field, Calif. He said he had been getting about 20 letters and e-mail messages a day from people as far away as India scared out of their wits. Morrison said he did not blame the movie for all this, as much as many other supporters of the Mayan prediction. But then, he said, “my doctorate is in astronomy, not psychology. ”
In an e-mail exchange, Krupp said, “We are always uncertain about the future, and we always consume representations of it. We are always attracted by the romance of the ancient past. ” A NASA spokesman, Dwayne Brown, said the agency did not comment on movies, leaving that to movie critics. But when it comes to science, Brown said, “we felt it was careful to provide a resource. ”
If you want to worry, most scientists say, you should think about global climate change or nuclear war. But if ancient prophecies (预言) get you going, here are some things Morrison and the others think you should know.
【文章大意】本文主要针对2012年是世界末日的谣言进行了批驳。
5. What made the rumour that the world will end spread more widely according to the passage
A. The movie “2012”.
B. The web site.
C. Some authors of books about doomsday.
D. Ignorance of astronomy.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段的The doomsday rumour reached a high point with the release of the new movie “2012”. . . 可知。
6. The underlined sentence “we always consume representations of it” means ______ .
A. we can’t imagine the future
B. we always describe the future
C. we can’t have a good future
D. we live without a future
【解析】选B。句意猜测题。根据Krupp说的话可知: 我们总是对未来不确定, 我们总是描述未来, 我们总是被过去的浪漫所吸引。由此可知选B。
7. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A. Dr. Morrison blamed the Movie “2012” for the panic it aroused in the public around the world.
B. People who watched the movie were scared and firmly believed that the end of the world was coming.
C. In terms of science it was better to provide evidence and theory at the same time.
D. Dr. Morrison thought it was not right to make money by frightening people.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段的Dr. Morrison说的话There is no right to frighten children to make a buck. 可知。
8. Which of the following would be the best title
A. A New Movie “2012”
B. Is Doomsday Coming
C. End-of-the-World Stories
D. Astronomers Comment on Movies
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。本文主要就2012是世界末日的言论展开了批驳。所以B最符合。
Ⅰ. 语音知识
1. walk
A. chalk B. calm C. tropical D. half
2. sadly
A. nature B. population
C. practice D. native
3. smooth
A. feather B. tooth C. thief D. strength
4. thankfully
A. branch B. conclusion
C. dangerous D. tongue
5. violent
A. strike B. ruin C. previous D. luckily
答案：1~5. ACADA
Ⅱ. 单词拼写
1. I’m terrified（害怕的） to be alone in the house.
2. The attack damaged（破坏） relations between two countries.
3. People say that lightning never strikes（袭击） twice in the same place.
4. The thought of giving up never occurred（发生） to me.
5. He apologizes for causing（导致） you any embarrassment.
6. It was the most wonderful feeling she had ever experienced（经历）.
7. We can’t rule out the possibility（可能性） that it may happen again.
8. Unfortunately/Unluckily (不幸地） for him, he was caught in the heavy rain and as a result, he became ill.
9. The house was buried（埋葬） under ten feet of snow.
10. There were violent （猛烈的，激烈的）conflicts between the police and the robbers on the streets last night.
Ⅲ. 语法和词汇知识
1. _____ I failed in English a third time, I had no doubt about my gift for foreign languages.
［2011天津模拟］
A. By the time B. Unless
C. After D. Until
【解析】选D。句意: 直到我又一次英语考试不及格, 我才怀疑我学习外语的天赋。根据句意可知此处选D。
2. As is often pointed out, knowledge is a two-edged weapon which can be used _____ for good or evil.
［2011铜川模拟］
A. similarly B. unluckily
C. equally D. violently
【解析】选C。考查副词词义辨析。similarly相似地，同样地；unluckily不幸地；equally同样地；violently猛烈地。句意：正如经常指出的那样，知识是种双刃武器，它既可以用来做好事，同样也可以用来做坏事。根据句意可知选C。
3. _____ is known that the play _____ Hamlet’s death.
A. It; ends by B. As; ends up with
C. It; ends up with D. As; ends with
【解析】选C。句意: 众所周知, 这出戏以哈姆雷特的死告终。It is known that. . . 众所周知……, it为形式主语; end up with. . . 以……结束。
4. He _____ his head under his pillow because of the noise from upstairs. But he still couldn’t _____ asleep.
A. buried; go B. placed; went
C. buried; fall D. laid; go to
【解析】选C。句意: 由于楼上的噪音, 他把头压在枕头底下, 但是仍然不能入睡。fall asleep入睡, 是固定短语。
5. He said 15 people _____ , two of them _____ to hospital．
［2011长春模拟］
A．have injured; admitting
B．have been injured; being admitted
C．had injured; to admit
D．had been injured; admitted
【解析】选D。考查时态与独立主格结构。句意: 他说15个人受伤, 其中两个人被送进了医院。根据句意以及he said可知其后面的宾语从句的时态要用过去完成时。two of them admitted to hospital是独立主格结构。独立主格结构为“名词或代词+动词不定式/v. -ing形式/过去分词/形容词/副词/介词短语/名词”。
6. Sales slow down after the Spring Festival, but we are expecting things to _____ again this coming May Day.
A. take over B. pick up
C. come over D. go up
【解析】选B。考查动词短语。take over接管; pick up拾起, 收听, 接人, 学得, 好转; come over走上前; go up上升。句意: 春节过后, 销售额回落, 但是我们预料情况在即将到来的五一会再次好转。此处干扰项是D。若把things改为sales, 选D是可以的。
7. His _____ voice shows that he’s greatly _____ .
A. terrified; terrified B. terrified; terrifying
C. terrifying; terrifying D. terrifying; terrified
【解析】选A。句意：他害怕的声音表明了他非常害怕。terrified表示人内心的害怕, 可修饰look/expression/voice, 表示“害怕的表情/声音”。terrifying look/expression/voice, 表示“令人害怕的表情/声音”。
8. At this rate, the forest will be completely _____ within the next 30 years．
A．damaged B．ruined
C．spoiled D．destroyed
【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。damage表示不一定全部毁坏, 且损害部分能修复; ruin多用于借喻中, 指价值、用途等毁坏; spoil指宠坏; destroy指彻底毁坏以致很难修复。根据题干中的completely可知此处指森林就会完全被毁, 故选D。
9. _____ by the mudslide, Zhouqu, a city in Gansu Province, was cut off from the outside.
A. Having struck B. To be struck
C. Struck D. Being struck
【解析】选C。考查非谓语动词。此处struck by the mudslide相当于状语从句because it was struck by the mudslide。由此可知句子主语Zhouqu与strike之间是逻辑上的被动关系, 所以要用过去分词。to be struck作状语表示目的, being struck表示“正在被袭击”。
【方法技巧】非谓语动词作状语
非谓语动词的形式有三种，即动词不定式、v. -ing形式与过去分词。它们都可以作状语, 选择哪种形式作状语, 首先要看它们与句子主语的关系：动词不定式、v. -ing形式与句子主语是逻辑上的主动关系, 过去分词与句子主语是逻辑上的被动关系; 然后看它们的意思。其中, 动词不定式作状语位于句首时, 表示目的, v. -ing形式与过去分词不能表示目的。另外, 动词不定式表示结果时, 强调意外的结果, 而v. -ing形式表示结果时, 指顺其自然的结果。例如:
To see what was happening , he climbed onto the roof of his house. 为了看到正在发生的事情, 他爬上了房顶。（动词不定式表示目的）
Seeing what was happening , he was frightened. 看到正在发生的事情, 他很害怕。（v. -ing形式作时间状语）
Seen from the top of the mountain , the village in the valley looked small. 从山顶上看去, 山谷的村子看起来很小。（过去分词短语作时间状语）
The price of the house continued going up, reaching 3, 000 yuan per square metre. 房价继续攀升, 达到了每平方三千元。（v. -ing形式作结果状语）
We finished the task on time, only to be told that it hadn’t been carried out as planned. 我们按时完成了任务, 结果却被告知我们没有按计划执行。（动词不定式作结果状语）
10. There _____ a terrible accident then, _____ three passengers were killed and twenty were injured as well.
A. occurred; which
B. occurred; in which
C. was occurred; which
D. was occurred; in which
【解析】选B。考查语态与定语从句。句意: 那时发生了一起可怕的事故, 其中三个乘客死亡, 二十名乘客受伤。首先occur不能用于被动语态, 故排除C、D两项；另外, 根据选项以及句子结构可以看出此句的后半部分是一个非限制性定语从句, 修饰前面的a terrible accident。又根据句意可知此处应用in which, which指代accident。故选B。
11. In yesterday’s newspaper, it was reported that great damages _____ by the flood.
A. had done B. had been done
C. has done D. has been done
【解析】选B。考查时态与语态。句意: 在昨天的报纸上, 据报道洪水造成了巨大损失。根据句意可知“洪水造成了巨大损失”这件事发生在“报道”以前, 所以要用过去完成时。另外, 又根据句子结构可知此处应用被动语态。所以选B。
12. On August 24, 2010, a plane crash at Yichun airport _____ 42 deaths.
A. caused B. made C. bea D. hit
【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。cause引起, 造成; make制造, 使; beat打, 打败; hit打, 袭击。句意: 2010年8月24日, 伊春机场的飞机坠毁事故造成42人死亡。根据句意可知选A。
13. _____ is no possibility _____ I can be admitted to Beijing University.
A. It; that B. It; where
C. There; where D. There; that
【解析】选D。考查句型There is no possibility that. . . ……没有可能。此句型相当于It is not possible that. . . 。句意：我不可能被北京大学录取。
14. In order to continue to learn by ourselves after leaving school, we must _____ learn how to study in the school now.
A. after all B. in all
C. above all D. at all
【解析】选C。句意：为了毕业后继续自学，我们现在在学校里最重要的是必须学会如何学习。after all毕竟，终究；in all总共；above all最重要的是；at all完全。
15. You must try some of her home-made wine and it’s quite _____ experience! I know from _____ experience it is very good.
A. an; an B. the; the
C. an; / D. /; an
【解析】选C。考查冠词。experience作为名词, 表示“经历”时, 是可数名词, 表示“经验”时, 是不可数名词。句意: 你一定要尝一尝她自酿的酒, 你可以一饱口福！凭经验我可以判断这酒很好。根据句意可知第一个experience表示“一次经历”, 所以其前面要加不定冠词, 第二个experience与from构成固定搭配, 表示“凭经验”。
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
（A）
BEIJING—Floods and landslides have left 3, 185 people dead and more than 1, 060 missing in China this year, China’s Ministry of Civil Affairs (MCA) said Tuesday.
Heavy rains have hit many Chinese provinces, including Gansu, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Jilin, Jiangxi and Hubei this year. As of Tuesday, about 230 million Chinese had been affected.
Nearly 15. 2 million people had been evacuated and 16. 5 million hectares（公顷） of crops had been affected. Direct economic losses stood at more than 350 billion yuan (US $ 51. 4 billion), according to figures released by the China National Committee for Disaster Reduction and the MCA.
The ministries of finance and civil affairs had allocated more than 2 billion yuan of relief funds to the eight provinces hardest hit by the floods and landslides.
Floods and landslides have caused chaos across the country this summer.
A devastating landslide in northwest China’s Gansu Province earlier in August had killed at least 1, 467 as of Monday, with 298 still missing.
To cope with natural disasters in a more efficient and organized manner, the MCA has worked out a regulation on natural disaster relief.
The regulation includes guidelines, including preparation for disaster relief, first aid, post-disaster relief and management of disaster donations. It takes effect on Wednesday.
【文章大意】这篇新闻主要报道了这一年的洪水、泥石流灾害给中国造成的巨大的损失及人员伤亡。
1. The underlined word “evacuated” in Paragraph 3 probably means “ _____ ”.
A. rescued B. removed
C. drowned D. dismissed
【解析】选B。词义猜测题。文章开头列出今年洪水和泥石流灾害共造成3 185人死亡和1 060人失踪, 可看出文中 “ 15. 2 million people”不是死亡而是被疏散。remove撤离，移走；rescue营救; drown淹死，溺死；dismiss 开除，驱散。
2. Which one is NOT mentioned in the passage？
A. Floods resulted in great economic losses to China.
B. The government allocated much money to the disaster areas.
C. Gansu, Sichuan, and Shandong were hit by the landslides.
D. The MCA has worked out a regulation on natural disaster relief.
【解析】选C。细节理解题。文章第三段“Direct economic losses stood at more than 350 billion yuan. . . ”说明A项正确。根据第四段可知B项正确。根据倒数第二段可知D项正确。C项内容与第二段第一句不符。
3. What would be the best title for the passage
A. Terrible landslides and floods
B. Floods brought great disasters to China
C. Floods and landslides cause lots of deaths and economic losses to China
D. A type of landslide protection method has been created
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。全文主要列举了洪水和泥石流造成的重大人员死亡和经济损失。故选C。
4. This passage may appear in a _____ .
A. magazine B. book
C. advertisement D. newspaper
【解析】选D。推理判断题。开头“BEIJING—. . . ”及文章对洪水和泥石流灾害的叙述可看出本篇属于新闻报道。 出现在报纸上是理所当然的。
（B）
The announcements by the NASA,
in the form of several web site postings
and a video posted on You Tube, were
in response to worries that the world
will end on Dec. 21, 2012.
The doomsday(末日) rumour reached a high point with the release of the new movie “2012”, directed by Roland Emmerich. In the movie, Yellowstone blows up, showering the continent with black ash. Tidal waves wash over the Himalayas, where the governments of the planet have secretly built a ship which a select 400, 000 people can ride out the storm. There are hundreds of books devoted to 2012, and millions of web sites, depending on what combination of
“2012” and “doomsday” you type into Google. All of it, astronomers say, is nonsense. “Most of what’s claimed for 2012 relies on wishful thinking and ignorance of astronomy. ” Ed Krupp, an expert on ancient astronomy, wrote in an article in the November issue of Sky & Telescope.
“I get angry at the way people are being influenced and frightened to make money. ” Dr. Morrison said. “There is no right to frighten children to make a buck（挣钱）. ” suggested David Morrison, an astronomer at the NASA Ames Research Center in Moffett Field, Calif. He said he had been getting about 20 letters and e-mail messages a day from people as far away as India scared out of their wits. Morrison said he did not blame the movie for all this, as much as many other supporters of the Mayan prediction. But then, he said, “my doctorate is in astronomy, not psychology. ”
In an e-mail exchange, Krupp said，“We are always uncertain about the future, and we always consume representations of it. We are always attracted by the romance of the ancient past. ” A NASA spokesman, Dwayne Brown, said the agency did not comment on movies, leaving that to movie critics. But when it comes to science, Brown said, “we felt it was careful to provide a resource. ”
If you want to worry, most scientists say, you should think about global climate change or nuclear war. But if ancient prophecies (预言) get you going, here are some things Morrison and the others think you should know.
【文章大意】本文主要针对2012年是世界末日的谣言进行了批驳。
5. What made the rumour that the world will end spread more widely according to the passage
A. The movie “2012”.
B. The web site.
C. Some authors of books about doomsday.
D. Ignorance of astronomy.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段的The doomsday rumour reached a high point with the release of the new movie “2012”. . . 可知。
6. The underlined sentence “we always consume representations of it” means _____ .
A. we can’t imagine the future
B. we always describe the future
C. we can’t have a good future
D. we live without a future
【解析】选B。句意猜测题。根据Krupp说的话可知: 我们总是对未来不确定, 我们总是描述未来, 我们总是被过去的浪漫所吸引。由此可知选B。
7．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A．Dr. Morrison blamed the Movie “2012” for the panic it aroused in the public around the world.
B．People who watched the movie were scared and firmly believed that the end of the world was coming.
C．In terms of science it was better to provide evidence and theory at the same time.
D．Dr. Morrison thought it was not right to make money by frightening people.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第三段的Dr. Morrison说的话There is no right to frighten children to make a buck. 可知。
8．Which of the following would be the best title
A．A New Movie “2012”
B．Is Doomsday Coming
C．End-of-the-World Stories
D．Astronomers Comment on Movies
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。本文主要就2012是世界末日的言论展开了批驳。所以B最符合。