高一英语单元复习配套课件：Module5 Newspapers and Magazines （外研版必修2）
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| 名称 | 高一英语单元复习配套课件：Module5 Newspapers and Magazines （外研版必修2） |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 3.2MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2012-09-05 14:12:34 | ||
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(共137张PPT)
Ⅲ. 句式填空
1. the first (second. . . last)+ n. +动词不定式作后置定语
When Yang took off from Jiuquan in northwest China at 9 am yesterday, China became the third nation to send a man into space (把人送入太空的第三个国家).
2. while 引导时间状语从句
While he was travelling in space (他在太空飞行时), Yang spoke to two astronauts aboard the International Space Station, which is orbiting the earth.
3. now that引导的原因状语从句
Now that I have made this first visit (既然我开始了第一次访问), I hope I can come many more times.
4. 过去分词作后置定语
The Sun, founded in 1964 (创办于1964年的), is the most successful of the popular newspapers.
Ⅳ. 教材设题
1. When he ______ in the capsule, he ______ photographs of planet earth.
A. orbited; took
B. was orbiting; was taking
C. was orbiting; took
D. orbited; was taking
【解析】选C。考查时态。句意：当他在太空舱中绕轨道飞行时, 他拍了地球的照片。根据句意可知when引导的时间状语从句中要用过去进行时强调动作的延续性, 而主句中的动作是在这个延续性的动作发生的过程中的另一个短暂的动作。
2. Yang is the 431st person ______ in space, ______ astronauts from 32 countries.
A. to travel; included B. to travel; including
C. travelling; included D. travelling; including
【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。表示“做……的第一、二……”要用the first/second. . . +n. +to do的结构。第二个空指前面提到的431位宇航员包括来自32个国家的宇航员, 所以要用including。including+n. =n. +included。
3. ______ no one else saw the aliens, not many people believe Mr Bates.
A. Until B. Unless C. Though D. Since
【解析】选D。句意：因为没有其他人见过外星人, 所以没有很多人相信贝茨先生。since在此处表示“既然, 因为”, 引导原因状语从句。
4. —There are probably aliens living here on earth.
— Oh, ______ ! I can’t believe you said that!
A. no problem B. I can’t agree more
C. you can say that again D. come on
【解析】选D。考查交际用语。no problem没问题; I can’t agree more我完全同意; you can say that again你完全正确; come on加油！得了吧。根据I can’t believe you said that! 可知第二个说话者不相信第一个说话者说的话。
5. The US also has a lot of tabloid newspapers, such as The New York Daily News, ______ British tabloids.
A. which is similar to B. which is similar with
C. which are similar to D. which are similar with
【解析】选C。考查定语从句和固定短语。此处是一个由which引导的非限制性定语从句, which代指前面的tabloid newspapers, 所以谓语动词要用复数形式。be similar to与……相似。
1. The two sportsmen congratulated each other ______ winning the match by shaking hands.
［2008上海, 25］
A. with B. on C. in D. to
【解析】选B。考查动词与介词的搭配。congratulate sb. on doing sth. 祝贺某人做了某事。句意：两名运动员通过握手的方式互相祝贺赢得了这次比赛。
2. A ______ holiday can make the students full of stress feel ______ .
A. delightful; delightful B. delighted; delighted
C. delightful; delighted D. delighted; delightful
【解析】选C。句意：一个令人愉快的假期可以使充满压力的学生们感到高兴。根据句意可知第一个空填delightful(令人愉快的), 第二个空填delighted(内心愉快的)。
3. —Hi, Zhang Hua, Liu Mei has come back from abroad. Let’s have a get-together this weekend, shall we
— ______ .
[2011重庆模拟]
A. You’re welcome B. Sounds like a good idea
C. It’s quite all right D. It’s very kind of you
【解析】选B。考查交际用语。根据Let’s have a get-together this weekend, shall we 可知, 第一个说话者提出了建议, 所以第二个说话者应对此建议做出评论。Sounds like a good idea表示“你的建议听起来很好”。
4. When you have finished the book, please ______ it on the shelf.
［2011杭州模拟］
A. replace B. devote C. consider D. equip
【解析】选A。句意为：你读完后请把书放回架子上。replace sth. +prep. /adv. 意为“把某物放回……”。
5. 用aboard, abroad, congratulate, celebrate填空
1)We can get news home and abroad on the Internet.
2)How many people aboard survived after the plane crash
3)I intended to celebrate my birthday at my home.
4)I observed them congratulate the student on being admitted into his ideal university.
完成下面的句子
1. 既然你忙, 就让我替你做吧。
Now that you are busy , let me do it for you.
2. 既然我已经结婚了, 晚上我就不频繁地出去了。
Now that I’m married , I don’t go out in the evenings so often.
3. 总共有一百多人参加了我的生日晚会。
In total over 100 people attended my birthday party.
1. “You ______ have a wrong number, ” she said. “There’s no one of that name here. ”
［2010浙江, 17］
A. need B. can C. must D. would
【解析】选C。考查情态动词表猜测。根据There’s no one of that name here. 可知此处应表示“你一定弄错号码了”, 所以选C。need与can表猜测时不能用于肯定句。would不表示猜测。
2. I’m afraid Mr. Harding ______ see you now. He’s busy.
［2010全国卷Ⅱ, 17］
A. can’t B. mustn’t
C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
【解析】选A。考查情态动词表猜测。根据He’s busy. 可以猜测出此处想表示“恐怕现在Mr. Harding一定不会见你”。 can’t do一定不会; shouldn’t do不应该做; needn’t do没必要做。must表猜测时, 不能用于否定句与疑问句。
3. The second ______ the bus was a student with a bag of books.
A. getting on B. getting into
C. to get on D. to get into
【解析】选C。表示“做某事的第一/二/三……个人/物或做某事的最后一个人/物”, 要用动词不定式作定语。get on表示“上公交车、火车等大车”, get into表示“上小轿车、出租车”。
Ⅰ. 用所给词的适当形式填空
orbit, congratulate, achieve, replace, delight, politics, believe, culture, found, produce
1. The film to be produced for the New Year is said to be good.
2. The invention of the computer is a great achievement .
3. The plane is orbiting over the field, waiting for the signal to land.
4. I was delighted to see my old friends again.
5. Congratulations on your success!
6. I haven’t much belief in his honesty.
7. The cultural traditions of our society are different from the ones of the US.
8. Politicians are busy near election time.
9. We’ve replaced the old adding machine with a computer.
10. The business, founded by Dawn and Nigel, suffered financial setbacks.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. 这起事故与2008年发生的那一起事故相似。
The accident was similar to the one that happened in 2008.
2. 我们班总共有10人没有通过这次英语测试。
In total 10 students in our class failed in this English test.
3. 既然你不能帮助我, 我只能向他人求助。
Now that you can’t help me , I have to turn to others.
4. 恭喜你获得这样一个极好的机会。
I congratulate you on this great opportunity.
5. 当影迷们在旅馆的前门等候时, 那位影星到达了后门。
While the fans were waiting in the front of the hotel, the film star arrived at the back.
6. 当我听到“嫦娥二号”, 中国的第二个月球探测器, 已进入地月转移轨道时, 我正在吃饭。
When I heard the news that Chang’e-2, China’s second moon probe, had entered the Earth-moon transfer orbit, I was having dinner .
7. 根据她对约翰的了解, 她肯定那个偷袭者一定不是约翰。
From her knowledge of John’s habits, she feels sure that the attacker can’t have been John.
8. ——世界上真有鬼。——得了吧！我不相信你说的。
— There are really ghosts in the world.
— Come on! I can’t believe what you said .
Ⅲ. 单项填空
1. So far no life has been found outside the earth, but while some scientists are actively searching for living things in outer space, others firmly believe there ______ .
［2011上海模拟］
A. mustn’t be B. may not be
C. can’t be D. won’t be
【解析】选C。考查情态动词表猜测。句意：到目前为止在地球以外没有发现生命, 但是有些科学家积极地在外太空寻找生物, 有些科学家却坚信在外太空一定没有生物。根据句意可知选C。can’t 一定不, 语气很强; may not可能不, 语气较弱。must表猜测时, 不能用于否定句。will不表示猜测。根据句中的firmly可知猜测的语气很强。故选C。
【举一反三】
I’m sure he ______ have forgotten about the wedding!
A. can’t B. may not
C. needn’t D. mustn’t
【解析】选A。考查情态动词表猜测。句意：我确信他一定没有忘记这场婚礼！根据I’m sure可知猜测的可能性较强, 又根据句意可知选A。can’t have done一定不会做某事; may not have done可能不会做某事; needn’t have done本来不必做某事。must表猜测时, 不能用于否定句。
2. We’re all ready to put it into operation. ______ , we’re going to take action as fast as possible.
［2011淄博模拟］
A. In total B. In general
C. In conclusion D. In other words
【解析】选D。考查固定短语。in total总共; in general一般来说; in conclusion总之; in other words换句话说。句意：我们已经准备好使它生效。换句话说, 我们打算尽快采取行动。
3. The growth of GDP in China will be largely slowed down in the next few years ______ it mainly relies on the exploration of the resources available.
A. because of B. due to
C. thanks to D. now that
【解析】选D。because of= due to= thanks to由于, 是介词短语, 后面跟名词、代词、what引导的从句。now that=since既然, 因为, 是连词, 引导状语从句。根据句子结构可知此处需要连词。故选D。
【举一反三】
The college education system should be reformed ______ it can follow the pace of the economic development.
［2011常州模拟］
A. now that B. so that
C. only if D. even if
【解析】选B。考查连词。now that既然, 因为; so that以至于, 为了; only if只有; even if即使。句意：为了能跟上经济发展的步伐, 应改革大学教育体制。
4. Please ______ your minds ______ the following problems.
［2011抚顺模拟]
A. pay; to B. concentrate; on
C. focus; at D. center; in
【解析】选B。句意：请把你的心思集中到下面的问题上。pay付款; center集中于, 与on搭配, 所以可以排除A、D两项, 若选C, 应把C项中的at改为on。故选B。
5. ______ to the delight of the schoolchildren, they will have a longer winter holiday which falls a week earlier than they have expected.
［2011鹤岗模拟］
A. Many B. Much C. Plenty D. Lots
【解析】选B。考查固定搭配。much to one’s delight令某人极其高兴的是。
6. —Goodbye! I’m going back to my hometown this afternoon.
— ______
［2011台州模拟］
A. Have a nice trip. B. Congratulations!
C. Take your time. D. I couldn’t agree more.
【解析】选A。考查交际用语。因为第一个人说要回家乡, 所以第二个人应说“旅途愉快”。
7. The world should be full of peace so we must ______ conflict with harmony.
A. replace B. place C. replay D. play
【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。replace代替, 放回; place放置; replay重新进行, 重播, 重演; play玩, 播放。句意：世界应该充满和平, 所以我们必须用和谐代替冲突。
8. There are over 58, 000 rocky objects in ______ space, about 900 of which could fall down onto ______ earth.
A. the; the B. /; the
C. the; / D. a; the
【解析】选B。考查冠词。in space“在太空中”, 中间没有冠词; earth前面要加定冠词, 因为地球是独一无二的东西。
【方法技巧】
冠词用法ABC
英语中冠词虽然不多, 但考试中总是少不了。从近五年的高考试题来看, 每年都有一道关于冠词的单选题。因此, 同学们在复习中不可忽视它。近几年来, 主要考查一些冠词的基本用法。
可数名词单数表泛指时, 其前面需用不定冠词; 表示某一类别时, 可数名词前面需用不定冠词; 表示数量为“一”时, 可数名词前面用不定冠词; 表示“每一”概念时, 可数名词前面也需用不定冠词; 一些固定短语前需用不定冠词。
名词被用来特指某一个或某一类时, 前面用定冠词; 世界上独一无二的事物前面用定冠词; 重复前面已出现过的名词前面用定冠词; 形容词最高级、序数词前面用定冠词; 在江河、湖泊、山脉、岛屿、建筑物前面用定冠词; 在一些习惯用语中用定冠词, 如play the piano, in the way等。
名词前有指示代词、疑问代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格修饰时, 用零冠词; 名词的复数形式表示类别时, 前面用零冠词; 专有名词前一般用零冠词; 官衔、职称名词前面一般用零冠词; 节假日、球类、三餐等名词前面一般用零冠词; 一些习惯用语中名词前面用零冠词。
9. Their situation seems to have been very similar ______ ours.
A. with B. to C. as D. in
【解析】选B。考查介词与固定搭配。be similar to sb. /sth. in sth. 表示“在……方面与某人或某物相似”。
10. Her voice ______ a more serious tone.
A. took away B. took out
C. took on D. took off
【解析】选C。考查动词词组辨析。句意：她使用了更为严肃的声调。take on“呈现; 具有”; take away“拿走”; take out“拿出”; take off“脱掉, 起飞”。由句意可知C正确。
11. Don’t worry if you don’t understand everything. The teacher will ______ the main point at the end.
A. recover B. review
C. require D. remember
【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。recover恢复, 康复; review复习; require要求; remember记住。句意：如果你不能理解所有的东西, 不要担心。老师在这节课结束时会复习要点的。
12. —Sorry for what I have said to you.
— ______ .
［2011重庆模拟］
A. Forget it B. Come on
C. Got it D. Go ahead
【解析】选A。考查交际用语。forget it没关系, 别提它了; come on表示鼓励、催促或不同意; got it=I’ve got it表示“我明白了”; go ahead表示允许, 意思是“请说/做吧”。根据语境可知, 第一个人是道歉, 所以第二个人应表示“没关系”。由此可知选A。
13. Friendship has to be ______ trust, as we all know.
A. found on B. believed in
C. founded on D. believed
【解析】选C。考查固定短语。found. . . on把……建立在……上; believe in相信。句意：正如我们所知, 友谊是建立在信任的基础上的。
14. The front part of the bus was destroyed and nine people ______ were killed ______ the spot.
A. aboard; on B. on board; in
C. abroad; on D. on the board; in
【解析】选A。考查介词。句意：公共汽车的前部被毁了, 车上的九个人当场死亡。aboard= on board在船(火车、飞机、公共汽车)上; on the spot在现场, 当场。
15. I shall have to appear in court to give ______ for the accused.
A. achievement B. evidence
C. effect D. development
【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。achievement“成就”; evidence“证据”; effect“影响; 作用”; development“发展”。句意：我将出庭为被告提供证据。
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
(A)
The Chang’e-2 probe, named for the
character in the legend of a Chinese fairy
who flew to the moon, is expected to test
parts of key technologies for Chang’e-3,
which is expected to land on the moon in about 2013.
Chang’e-2 will also refine scientific research findings conducted by its predecessor, Chang’e-1, the spokesman said.
China’s lunar exploration program, which has been designed to eventually land a Chinese craft on the moon, calls for the launch of three satellites at the second stage: Chang’e-2, Chang’e-3 and Chang’e-4.
Chang’e-4 will be a backup satellite for Chang’e-3.
China’s first lunar probe circled around the Earth before entering the Earth-moon transfer orbit.
The second lunar probe will be directly sent into the Earth-moon transfer orbit at 200 km perigee (the point closest to Earth) and 380, 000 km apogee (the point farthest from Earth).
Without the need to circle Earth first this time, the travel time for Chang’e-2 is expected to be shortened from the previous 12 days to only 112 hours, or less than five days, the spokesman said.
When the probe is close to the moon, it will be made to slow down to enter an orbit 100 km away from the moon’s surface.
The circumlunar satellite will then orbit the moon in an orbit at a distance of 15 km closest to the moon and at 100 km at its farthest distance from the moon.
At 15 km from the moon’s surface, the Chang’e-2 probe will take photographs of the area around the moon’s Bay of Rainbows, where Chang’e-3 is expected to land during China’s next lunar mission.
Chang’e-2 then will return to the 100?km orbit to conduct other scientific exploration experiments, the space authority said.
During China’s first lunar mission, the cameras aboard Chang’e-1 captured lunar images with a resolution(分辨率; 清晰度) of 120 meters. Chang’e-2, with improved cameras on board, will take photographs with a resolution of 10 meters.
“Photos taken 15 km from the moon’s surface can be very clear with a resolution of 1 meter, ” Wu Weiren, chief designer of China’s lunar probe program, said in an interview with China Central Television on Tuesday.
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻, 主要报道了嫦娥二号月球探测器以及探月情况。
1. What’s the main purpose of the Chang’e-2 probe
A. To explore the truth of a Chinese fairy.
B. To test parts of key technologies for Chang’e-3.
C. To continue to do scientific research.
D. To test environment of the moon.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段的第一句The Chang’e-2 probe, named for the character in the legend of a Chinese fairy who flew to the moon, is expected to test parts of key technologies for Chang’e-3. . . 可知。
2. According to Paragraphs 3 and 4, we can conclude that ______ .
A. China’s lunar exploration program is aimed at landing a Chinese craft on the moon finally
B. China’s lunar exploration program will come to an end in 2013
C. the second stage of China’s lunar exploration program refers to the launch of four satellites
D. Chang’e-3 is attached to Chang’e-4
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段的China’s lunar exploration program, which has been designed to eventually land a Chinese craft on the moon. . . 可知。
3. Which of the following statements is right
A. Chang’e-1 circled around the Earth without entering the Earth-moon transfer orbit.
B. Chang’e-2 doesn’t need to circle around the Earth.
C. The travel time for Chang’e-2 is expected to be 12 days.
D. Chang’e-2 will speed up to enter an orbit 100 km away from the moon’s surface.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第七段的Without the need to circle Earth first this time, the travel time for Chang’e-2 is expected to be shortened from the previous 12 days to only 112 hours. . . 可知。
4. What’s the main idea of the passage
A. China’s second lunar probe.
B. China’s lunar exploration program.
C. The differences between Chang’e-1 and Chang’e-2.
D. Photos taken by lunar probes.
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了“嫦娥二号”, 其中也提到了探月计划, 以及“嫦娥一号”的情况, 但这些都是围绕“嫦娥二号”展开的。所以选A。
(B)
Should tourists go into space
Man has been travelling into space for more than 40 years. Even today, though, very few people get the chance to be an astronaut, about 30 per year. This is mainly because of the expense. It costs millions of yuan to train and send astronauts into space. Very few countries can afford this.
This is why American businessman Dennis Tito paid 20, 000, 000 US dollars to the Russian space agency to go into space. He visited the International Space Station. His trip, making him the first ever space tourist, took eight days in total. He spent most of his time taking photos, looking at Earth and listening to music on his once-in-a-lifetime trip.
After landing safely back on earth, Mr Tito thought the trip was worth the money. The only difficulty he had was walking but this is normal for anyone who’s been in zero gravity.
Some people, especially in the American space agency, argue that you must be professional to go into space. They worry about the safety of other astronauts. However, Mr Tito received training before he left. He also helped to prepare food for the others while in space. They told him what to do and where he was allowed to go.
A survey carried out soon after Tito landed showed that 75％ of Americans supported space tourism. Some people are bored of all the places on earth. They are looking for a new adventure and space is the place.
The money Mr Tito gave the Russians paid for 20％ of their annual budget. If we want to see men on Mars and other planets, we may need rich people like Mr Tito to help us pay for it. The Russians have more rich people who want to become space tourists. They should take them.
【文章大意】本文主要讲了自从人类第一次到太空, 已有四十多年, 但成为宇航员到太空去的机会太少了。这主要是因为训练宇航员并送他们到太空去的费用太高。文章以第一个到太空的游客美国商人Dennis Tito为例, 说明俄国的太空局需要这样的富人。
5. How many people have flown into space
A. About 30.
B. More than 1, 200.
C. Thousands.
D. About 12, 000.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段的前两句可知人类到太空已有40多年了, 然而, 每年平均只有30个宇航员到太空。据此可以计算出到目前为止有1, 200多人到过太空。故选B。
6. Why did the Russians want Dennis Tito to go into space
A. They wanted to work with an American.
B. They wanted him to have a once-in-a-lifetime trip.
C. They wanted him to take photos of Earth.
D. They wanted his money.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段可知Mr Tito的这次太空之旅支付的钱足够俄国年度预算的20%。然后根据本文最后两句The Russians have more rich people who want to become space tourists. They should take them. 也可知选D。
7. Dennis Tito did the following in space except ______ .
A. take photos
B. enjoy the Earth
C. walk as usual
D. listen to music
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知A、B、D三项Dennis Tito在太空都做到了。根据第三段的The only difficulty he had was walking. . . 可知Dennis Tito在太空不能像往常那样走路。故选C。
8. We can conclude from the passage that ______ .
A. some Americans want to follow the example of Dennis Tito
B. Dennis Tito could do whatever he liked in space
C. Dennis Tito was the richest in the world when he travelled in space
D. more countries will send astronauts into space
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第五段可知75％的美国人支持太空旅游。一些人想到太空去。所以选A。
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. The film to be produced（创作） for the New Year is said to be good.
2. The invention of the computer is a great achievement（成就）.
3. The plane is orbiting（绕轨道飞行） over the field, waiting for the signal to land.
4. I was delighted（高兴的） to see my old friends again.
5. Congratulations（祝贺） on your success!
6. I haven’t much belief（信念） in his honesty.
7. The cultural（文化的） traditions of our society are different from the ones of the US.
8. Politicians（政治家） are busy near election time.
9. We’ve replaced（代替，取代） the old adding machine with a computer.
10. The business, founded（创立） by Dawn and Nigel, suffered financial setbacks.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. 这起事故与2008年发生的那一起事故相似。
The accident was similar to the one that happened in 2008.
2. 我们班总共有10人没有通过这次英语测试。
In total 10 students in our class failed in this English test.
3. 既然你不能帮助我，我只能向他人求助。
Now that you can’t help me , I have to turn to others.
4. 恭喜你获得这样一个极好的机会。
I congratulate you on this great opportunity.
5. 当影迷们在旅馆的前门等候时，那位影星到达了后门。
While the fans were waiting in the front of the hotel, the film star arrived at the back.
6. 当我听到“嫦娥二号”，中国的第二个月球探测器，已进入地月转移轨道时，我正在吃饭。
When I heard the news that Chang’e-2, China’s second moon probe, had entered the Earth-moon transfer orbit, I was having dinner .
7. 根据她对约翰的了解，她肯定那个偷袭者一定不是约翰。
From her knowledge of John’s habits, she feels sure that the attacker can’t have been John.
8. ——世界上真有鬼。——得了吧！我不相信你说的。
—There are really ghosts in the world.
— Come on! I can’t believe what you said .
Ⅲ. 语法和词汇知识
1. So far no life has been found outside the earth, but while some scientists are actively searching for living things in outer space, others firmly believe there _____ .
［2011上海模拟］
A. mustn’t be B. may not be
C. can’t be D. won’t be
【解析】选C。考查情态动词表猜测。句意：到目前为止在地球以外没有发现生命，但是有些科学家积极地在外太空寻找生物，有些科学家却坚信在外太空一定没有生物。根据句意可知选C。can’t 一定不，语气很强；may not可能不，语气较弱。must表猜测时，不能用于否定句。will不表示猜测。根据句中的firmly可知猜测的语气很强。故选C。
【举一反三】
I’m sure he _____ have forgotten about the wedding!
A. can’t B. may not C. needn’t D. mustn’t
【解析】选A。考查情态动词表猜测。句意：我确信他一定没有忘记这场婚礼！根据I’m sure可知猜测的可能性较强，又根据句意可知选A。can’t have done一定不会做某事；may not have done可能不会做某事；needn’t have done本来不必做某事。must表猜测时，不能用于否定句。
2. We’re all ready to put it into operation. _____ , we’re going to take action as fast as possible.
［2011淄博模拟］
A. In total B. In general
C. In conclusion D. In other words
【解析】选D。考查固定短语。in total总共；in general一般来说；in conclusion总之；in other words换句话说。句意：我们已经准备好使它生效。换句话说，我们打算尽快采取行动。
3. The growth of GDP in China will be largely slowed down in the next few years _____ it mainly relies on the exploration of the resources available.
A. because of B. due to
C. thanks to D. now that
【解析】选D。because of= due to= thanks to由于，是介词短语，后面跟名词、代词、what引导的从句。now that=since既然，因为，是连词，引导状语从句。根据句子结构可知此处需要连词。故选D。
【举一反三】
The college education system should be reformed ______ it can follow the pace of the economic development.
［2011常州模拟］
A. now that B. so that
C. only if D. even if
【解析】选B。考查连词。now that既然，因为；so that以至于，为了；only if只有；even if即使。句意：为了能跟上经济发展的步伐，应改革大学教育体制。
4. Please _____ your minds _____ the following problems.
［2011抚顺模拟]
A. pay; to B. concentrate; on
C. focus; at D. center; in
【解析】选B。句意：请把你的心思集中到下面的问题上。pay付款; center集中于，与on搭配，所以可以排除A、D两项，若选C，应把C项中的at改为on。故选B。
5. _____ to the delight of the schoolchildren, they will have a longer winter holiday which falls a week earlier than they have expected.
［2011鹤岗模拟］
A. Many B. Much C. Plenty D. Lots
【解析】选B。考查固定搭配。much to one’s delight令某人极其高兴的是。
6. —Goodbye! I’m going back to my hometown this afternoon.
— _____
A. Have a nice trip.
B. Congratulations!
C. Take your time.
D. I couldn’t agree more.
【解析】选A。考查交际用语。因为第一个人说要回家乡，所以第二个人应说“旅途愉快”。
7. The world should be full of peace so we must _____ conflict with harmony.
A. replace B. place C. replay D. play
【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。replace代替，放回；place放置；replay重新进行，重播，重演；play玩，播放。句意：世界应该充满和平，所以我们必须用和谐代替冲突。
8. There are over 58, 000 rocky objects in _____ space, about 900 of which could fall down onto _____ earth.
A. the; the B. /; the C. the; / D. a; the
【解析】选B。考查冠词。in space“在太空中”，中间没有冠词；earth前面要加定冠词，因为地球是独一无二的东西。
【方法技巧】冠词用法ABC
英语中冠词虽然不多，但考试中总是少不了。从近五年的高考试题来看，每年都有一道关于冠词的单选题。因此，同学们在复习中不可忽视它。近几年来，主要考查一些冠词的基本用法。
可数名词单数表泛指时，其前面需用不定冠词；表示某一类别时，可数名词前面需用不定冠词；表示数量为“一”时，可数名词前面用不定冠词；表示“每一”概念时，可数名词前面也需用不定冠词；一些固定短语前需用不定冠词。
名词被用来特指某一个或某一类时，前面用定冠词；世界上独一无二的事物前面用定冠词；重复前面已出现过的名词前面用定冠词；形容词最高级、序数词前面用定冠词；在江河、湖泊、山脉、岛屿、建筑物前面用定冠词；在一些习惯用语中用定冠词，如play the piano, in the way等。
名词前有指示代词、疑问代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格修饰时，用零冠词；名词的复数形式表示类别时，前面用零冠词；专有名词前一般用零冠词；官衔、职称名词前面一般用零冠词；节假日、球类、三餐等名词前面一般用零冠词；一些习惯用语中名词前面用零冠词。
9. Their situation seems to have been very similar _____ ours.
A. with B. to C. as D. in
【解析】选B。考查介词与固定搭配。be similar to sb. /sth. in sth. 表示“在……方面与某人或某物相似”。
10. Her voice _____ a more serious tone.
A. took away B. took out
C. took on D. took off
【解析】选C。考查动词词组辨析。句意：她使用了更为严肃的声调。takeon“呈现；具有”；take away“拿走”；take out“拿出”；take off“脱掉，起飞”。由句意可知C正确。
11. Don’t worry if you don’t understand everything. The teacher will _____ the main point at the end.
A. recover B. review
C. require D. remember
【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。recover恢复，康复；review复习；require要求；remember记住。句意：如果你不能理解所有的东西，不要担心。老师在这节课结束时会复习要点的。
12. —Sorry for what I have said to you.
— _____ .
A. Forget it B. Come on
C. Got it D. Go ahead
【解析】选A。考查交际用语。forget it没关系，别提它了；come on表示鼓励、催促或不同意；got it=I’ve got it表示“我明白了”；go ahead表示允许，意思是“请说/做吧”。根据语境可知，第一个人是道歉，所以第二个人应表示“没关系”。由此可知选A。
13. Friendship has to be _____ trust, as we all know.
A. found on B. believed in
C. founded on D. believed
【解析】选C。考查固定短语。found. . . on把……建立在……上；believe in相信。句意：正如我们所知，友谊是建立在信任的基础上的。
14. The front part of the bus was destroyed and nine people _____ were killed _____ the spot.
A. aboard; on B. on board; in
C. abroad; on D. on the board; in
【解析】选A。考查介词。句意：公共汽车的前部被毁了，车上的九个人当场死亡。aboard= on board在船（火车、飞机、公共汽车）上；on the spot在现场，当场。
15. I shall have to appear in court to give _____ for the accused.
A. achievement B. evidence
C. effect D. development
【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。achievement“成就”；evidence“证据”；effect“影响；作用”；development“发展”。句意：我将出庭为被告提供证据。
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
(A)
The Chang’e-2 probe, named for
the character in the legend of a Chinese
fairy who flew to the moon, is expected
to test parts of key technologies for
Chang’e-3, which is expected to land
on the moon in about 2013.
Chang’e-2 will also refine scientific research findings conducted by its predecessor, Chang’e-1, the spokesman said.
China’s lunar exploration program, which has been designed to eventually land a Chinese craft on the moon, calls for the launch of three satellites at the second stage: Chang’e-2, Chang’e-3 and Chang’e-4.
Chang’e-4 will be a backup satellite for Chang’e-3.
China’s first lunar probe circled around the Earth before entering the Earth-moon transfer orbit.
The second lunar probe will be directly sent into the Earth-moon transfer orbit at 200 km perigee (the point closest to Earth) and 380, 000 km apogee (the point farthest from Earth).
Without the need to circle Earth first this time, the travel time for Chang’e-2 is expected to be shortened from the previous 12 days to only 112 hours, or less than five days, the spokesman said.
When the probe is close to the moon, it will be made to slow down to enter an orbit 100 km away from the moon’s surface.
The circumlunar satellite will then orbit the moon in an orbit at a distance of 15 km closest to the moon and at 100 km at its farthest distance from the moon.
At 15 km from the moon’s surface, the Chang’e-2 probe will take photographs of the area around the moon’s Bay of Rainbows, where Chang’e-3 is expected to land during China’s next lunar mission.
Chang’e-2 then will return to the 100-km orbit to conduct other scientific exploration experiments, the space authority said.
During China’s first lunar mission, the cameras aboard Chang’e-1 captured lunar images with a resolution（分辨率；清晰度） of 120 meters. Chang’e-2, with improved cameras on board, will take photographs with a resolution of 10 meters.
“Photos taken 15 km from the moon’s surface can be very clear with a resolution of 1 meter, ” Wu Weiren, chief designer of China’s lunar probe program, said in an interview with China Central Television on Tuesday.
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻，主要报道了嫦娥二号月球探测器以及探月情况。
1. What’s the main purpose of the Chang’e-2 probe
A. To explore the truth of a Chinese fairy.
B. To test parts of key technologies for Chang’e-3.
C. To continue to do scientific research.
D. To test environment of the moon.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段的第一句The Chang’e-2 probe, named for the character in the legend of a Chinese fairy who flew to the moon, is expected to test parts of key technologies for Chang’e-3. . . 可知。
2. According to Paragraphs 3 and 4, we can conclude that _____ .
A. China’s lunar exploration program is aimed at landing a Chinese craft on the moon finally
B. China’s lunar exploration program will come to an end in 2013
C. the second stage of China’s lunar exploration program refers to the launch of four satellites
D. Chang’e-3 is attached to Chang’e-4
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段的China’s lunar exploration program, which has been designed to eventually land a Chinese craft on the moon. . . 可知。
3. Which of the following statements is right
A. Chang’e-1 circled around the Earth without entering the Earth-moon transfer orbit.
B. Chang’e-2 doesn’t need to circle around the Earth.
C. The travel time for Chang’e-2 is expected to be 12 days.
D. Chang’e-2 will speed up to enter an orbit 100 km away from the moon’s surface.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第七段的Without the need to circle Earth first this time, the travel time for Chang’e-2 is expected to be shortened from the previous 12 days to only 112 hours. . . 可知。
4. What’s the main idea of the passage
A. China’s second lunar probe.
B. China’s lunar exploration program.
C. The differences between Chang’e-1 and Chang’e-2.
D. Photos taken by lunar probes.
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了“嫦娥二号”，其中也提到了探月计划，以及“嫦娥一号”的情况，但这些都是围绕“嫦娥二号”展开的。所以选A。
(B)
Should tourists go into space
Man has been travelling into space for more than 40 years. Even today, though，very few people get the chance to be an astronaut， about 30 per year. This is mainly because of the expense. It costs millions of yuan to train and send astronauts into space. Very few countries can afford this.
This is why American businessman Dennis Tito paid 20，000，000 US dollars to the Russian space agency to go into space. He visited the International Space Station. His trip，making him the first ever space tourist，took eight days in total. He spent most of his time taking photos，looking at Earth and listening to music on his once-in-a-lifetime trip.
After landing safely back on earth，Mr Tito thought the trip was worth the money. The only difficulty he had was walking but this is normal for anyone who’s been in zero gravity.
Some people, especially in the American space agency, argue that you must be professional to go into space. They worry about the safety of other astronauts. However, Mr Tito received training before he left. He also helped to prepare food for the others while in space. They told him what to do and where he was allowed to go.
A survey carried out soon after Tito landed showed that 75％ of Americans supported space tourism. Some people are bored of all the places on earth. They are looking for a new adventure and space is the place.
The money Mr Tito gave the Russians paid for 20％of their annual budget. If we want to see men on Mars and other planets，we may need rich people like Mr Tito to help us pay for it. The Russians have more rich people who want to become space tourists. They should take them.
【文章大意】本文主要讲了自从人类第一次到太空，已有四十多年，但成为宇航员到太空去的机会太少了。这主要是因为训练宇航员并送他们到太空去的费用太高。文章以第一个到太空的游客美国商人Dennis Tito为例，说明俄国的太空局需要这样的富人。
5. How many people have flown into space
A. About 30.
B. More than 1, 200.
C. Thousands.
D. About 12, 000.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段的前两句可知人类到太空已有40多年了，然而，每年平均只有30个宇航员到太空。据此可以计算出到目前为止有1, 200多人到过太空。故选B。
6. Why did the Russians want Dennis Tito to go into space
A. They wanted to work with an American.
B. They wanted him to have a once-in-a-lifetime trip.
C. They wanted him to take photos of Earth.
D. They wanted his money.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段可知Mr Tito的这次太空之旅支付的钱足够俄国年度预算的20%。然后根据本文最后两句The Russians have more rich people who want to become space tourists. They should take them. 也可知选D。
7. Dennis Tito did the following in space except _____ .
A. take photos
B. enjoy the Earth
C. walk as usual
D. listen to music
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知A、B、D三项Dennis Tito在太空都做到了。根据第三段的The only difficulty he had was walking. . . 可知Dennis Tito在太空不能像往常那样走路。故选C。
8. What does Dennis Tito think about his trip to space
A. It’s worthwhile spending so much money travelling in space.
B. It’s a waste of money to spend so much money travelling in space.
C. The trip to space didn’t satisfy his demand.
D. He would suffer great loss for it.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段的. . . Mr Tito thought the trip was worth the money. 可知选A。
Ⅲ. 句式填空
1. the first (second. . . last)+ n. +动词不定式作后置定语
When Yang took off from Jiuquan in northwest China at 9 am yesterday, China became the third nation to send a man into space (把人送入太空的第三个国家).
2. while 引导时间状语从句
While he was travelling in space (他在太空飞行时), Yang spoke to two astronauts aboard the International Space Station, which is orbiting the earth.
3. now that引导的原因状语从句
Now that I have made this first visit (既然我开始了第一次访问), I hope I can come many more times.
4. 过去分词作后置定语
The Sun, founded in 1964 (创办于1964年的), is the most successful of the popular newspapers.
Ⅳ. 教材设题
1. When he ______ in the capsule, he ______ photographs of planet earth.
A. orbited; took
B. was orbiting; was taking
C. was orbiting; took
D. orbited; was taking
【解析】选C。考查时态。句意：当他在太空舱中绕轨道飞行时, 他拍了地球的照片。根据句意可知when引导的时间状语从句中要用过去进行时强调动作的延续性, 而主句中的动作是在这个延续性的动作发生的过程中的另一个短暂的动作。
2. Yang is the 431st person ______ in space, ______ astronauts from 32 countries.
A. to travel; included B. to travel; including
C. travelling; included D. travelling; including
【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。表示“做……的第一、二……”要用the first/second. . . +n. +to do的结构。第二个空指前面提到的431位宇航员包括来自32个国家的宇航员, 所以要用including。including+n. =n. +included。
3. ______ no one else saw the aliens, not many people believe Mr Bates.
A. Until B. Unless C. Though D. Since
【解析】选D。句意：因为没有其他人见过外星人, 所以没有很多人相信贝茨先生。since在此处表示“既然, 因为”, 引导原因状语从句。
4. —There are probably aliens living here on earth.
— Oh, ______ ! I can’t believe you said that!
A. no problem B. I can’t agree more
C. you can say that again D. come on
【解析】选D。考查交际用语。no problem没问题; I can’t agree more我完全同意; you can say that again你完全正确; come on加油！得了吧。根据I can’t believe you said that! 可知第二个说话者不相信第一个说话者说的话。
5. The US also has a lot of tabloid newspapers, such as The New York Daily News, ______ British tabloids.
A. which is similar to B. which is similar with
C. which are similar to D. which are similar with
【解析】选C。考查定语从句和固定短语。此处是一个由which引导的非限制性定语从句, which代指前面的tabloid newspapers, 所以谓语动词要用复数形式。be similar to与……相似。
1. The two sportsmen congratulated each other ______ winning the match by shaking hands.
［2008上海, 25］
A. with B. on C. in D. to
【解析】选B。考查动词与介词的搭配。congratulate sb. on doing sth. 祝贺某人做了某事。句意：两名运动员通过握手的方式互相祝贺赢得了这次比赛。
2. A ______ holiday can make the students full of stress feel ______ .
A. delightful; delightful B. delighted; delighted
C. delightful; delighted D. delighted; delightful
【解析】选C。句意：一个令人愉快的假期可以使充满压力的学生们感到高兴。根据句意可知第一个空填delightful(令人愉快的), 第二个空填delighted(内心愉快的)。
3. —Hi, Zhang Hua, Liu Mei has come back from abroad. Let’s have a get-together this weekend, shall we
— ______ .
[2011重庆模拟]
A. You’re welcome B. Sounds like a good idea
C. It’s quite all right D. It’s very kind of you
【解析】选B。考查交际用语。根据Let’s have a get-together this weekend, shall we 可知, 第一个说话者提出了建议, 所以第二个说话者应对此建议做出评论。Sounds like a good idea表示“你的建议听起来很好”。
4. When you have finished the book, please ______ it on the shelf.
［2011杭州模拟］
A. replace B. devote C. consider D. equip
【解析】选A。句意为：你读完后请把书放回架子上。replace sth. +prep. /adv. 意为“把某物放回……”。
5. 用aboard, abroad, congratulate, celebrate填空
1)We can get news home and abroad on the Internet.
2)How many people aboard survived after the plane crash
3)I intended to celebrate my birthday at my home.
4)I observed them congratulate the student on being admitted into his ideal university.
完成下面的句子
1. 既然你忙, 就让我替你做吧。
Now that you are busy , let me do it for you.
2. 既然我已经结婚了, 晚上我就不频繁地出去了。
Now that I’m married , I don’t go out in the evenings so often.
3. 总共有一百多人参加了我的生日晚会。
In total over 100 people attended my birthday party.
1. “You ______ have a wrong number, ” she said. “There’s no one of that name here. ”
［2010浙江, 17］
A. need B. can C. must D. would
【解析】选C。考查情态动词表猜测。根据There’s no one of that name here. 可知此处应表示“你一定弄错号码了”, 所以选C。need与can表猜测时不能用于肯定句。would不表示猜测。
2. I’m afraid Mr. Harding ______ see you now. He’s busy.
［2010全国卷Ⅱ, 17］
A. can’t B. mustn’t
C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
【解析】选A。考查情态动词表猜测。根据He’s busy. 可以猜测出此处想表示“恐怕现在Mr. Harding一定不会见你”。 can’t do一定不会; shouldn’t do不应该做; needn’t do没必要做。must表猜测时, 不能用于否定句与疑问句。
3. The second ______ the bus was a student with a bag of books.
A. getting on B. getting into
C. to get on D. to get into
【解析】选C。表示“做某事的第一/二/三……个人/物或做某事的最后一个人/物”, 要用动词不定式作定语。get on表示“上公交车、火车等大车”, get into表示“上小轿车、出租车”。
Ⅰ. 用所给词的适当形式填空
orbit, congratulate, achieve, replace, delight, politics, believe, culture, found, produce
1. The film to be produced for the New Year is said to be good.
2. The invention of the computer is a great achievement .
3. The plane is orbiting over the field, waiting for the signal to land.
4. I was delighted to see my old friends again.
5. Congratulations on your success!
6. I haven’t much belief in his honesty.
7. The cultural traditions of our society are different from the ones of the US.
8. Politicians are busy near election time.
9. We’ve replaced the old adding machine with a computer.
10. The business, founded by Dawn and Nigel, suffered financial setbacks.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. 这起事故与2008年发生的那一起事故相似。
The accident was similar to the one that happened in 2008.
2. 我们班总共有10人没有通过这次英语测试。
In total 10 students in our class failed in this English test.
3. 既然你不能帮助我, 我只能向他人求助。
Now that you can’t help me , I have to turn to others.
4. 恭喜你获得这样一个极好的机会。
I congratulate you on this great opportunity.
5. 当影迷们在旅馆的前门等候时, 那位影星到达了后门。
While the fans were waiting in the front of the hotel, the film star arrived at the back.
6. 当我听到“嫦娥二号”, 中国的第二个月球探测器, 已进入地月转移轨道时, 我正在吃饭。
When I heard the news that Chang’e-2, China’s second moon probe, had entered the Earth-moon transfer orbit, I was having dinner .
7. 根据她对约翰的了解, 她肯定那个偷袭者一定不是约翰。
From her knowledge of John’s habits, she feels sure that the attacker can’t have been John.
8. ——世界上真有鬼。——得了吧！我不相信你说的。
— There are really ghosts in the world.
— Come on! I can’t believe what you said .
Ⅲ. 单项填空
1. So far no life has been found outside the earth, but while some scientists are actively searching for living things in outer space, others firmly believe there ______ .
［2011上海模拟］
A. mustn’t be B. may not be
C. can’t be D. won’t be
【解析】选C。考查情态动词表猜测。句意：到目前为止在地球以外没有发现生命, 但是有些科学家积极地在外太空寻找生物, 有些科学家却坚信在外太空一定没有生物。根据句意可知选C。can’t 一定不, 语气很强; may not可能不, 语气较弱。must表猜测时, 不能用于否定句。will不表示猜测。根据句中的firmly可知猜测的语气很强。故选C。
【举一反三】
I’m sure he ______ have forgotten about the wedding!
A. can’t B. may not
C. needn’t D. mustn’t
【解析】选A。考查情态动词表猜测。句意：我确信他一定没有忘记这场婚礼！根据I’m sure可知猜测的可能性较强, 又根据句意可知选A。can’t have done一定不会做某事; may not have done可能不会做某事; needn’t have done本来不必做某事。must表猜测时, 不能用于否定句。
2. We’re all ready to put it into operation. ______ , we’re going to take action as fast as possible.
［2011淄博模拟］
A. In total B. In general
C. In conclusion D. In other words
【解析】选D。考查固定短语。in total总共; in general一般来说; in conclusion总之; in other words换句话说。句意：我们已经准备好使它生效。换句话说, 我们打算尽快采取行动。
3. The growth of GDP in China will be largely slowed down in the next few years ______ it mainly relies on the exploration of the resources available.
A. because of B. due to
C. thanks to D. now that
【解析】选D。because of= due to= thanks to由于, 是介词短语, 后面跟名词、代词、what引导的从句。now that=since既然, 因为, 是连词, 引导状语从句。根据句子结构可知此处需要连词。故选D。
【举一反三】
The college education system should be reformed ______ it can follow the pace of the economic development.
［2011常州模拟］
A. now that B. so that
C. only if D. even if
【解析】选B。考查连词。now that既然, 因为; so that以至于, 为了; only if只有; even if即使。句意：为了能跟上经济发展的步伐, 应改革大学教育体制。
4. Please ______ your minds ______ the following problems.
［2011抚顺模拟]
A. pay; to B. concentrate; on
C. focus; at D. center; in
【解析】选B。句意：请把你的心思集中到下面的问题上。pay付款; center集中于, 与on搭配, 所以可以排除A、D两项, 若选C, 应把C项中的at改为on。故选B。
5. ______ to the delight of the schoolchildren, they will have a longer winter holiday which falls a week earlier than they have expected.
［2011鹤岗模拟］
A. Many B. Much C. Plenty D. Lots
【解析】选B。考查固定搭配。much to one’s delight令某人极其高兴的是。
6. —Goodbye! I’m going back to my hometown this afternoon.
— ______
［2011台州模拟］
A. Have a nice trip. B. Congratulations!
C. Take your time. D. I couldn’t agree more.
【解析】选A。考查交际用语。因为第一个人说要回家乡, 所以第二个人应说“旅途愉快”。
7. The world should be full of peace so we must ______ conflict with harmony.
A. replace B. place C. replay D. play
【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。replace代替, 放回; place放置; replay重新进行, 重播, 重演; play玩, 播放。句意：世界应该充满和平, 所以我们必须用和谐代替冲突。
8. There are over 58, 000 rocky objects in ______ space, about 900 of which could fall down onto ______ earth.
A. the; the B. /; the
C. the; / D. a; the
【解析】选B。考查冠词。in space“在太空中”, 中间没有冠词; earth前面要加定冠词, 因为地球是独一无二的东西。
【方法技巧】
冠词用法ABC
英语中冠词虽然不多, 但考试中总是少不了。从近五年的高考试题来看, 每年都有一道关于冠词的单选题。因此, 同学们在复习中不可忽视它。近几年来, 主要考查一些冠词的基本用法。
可数名词单数表泛指时, 其前面需用不定冠词; 表示某一类别时, 可数名词前面需用不定冠词; 表示数量为“一”时, 可数名词前面用不定冠词; 表示“每一”概念时, 可数名词前面也需用不定冠词; 一些固定短语前需用不定冠词。
名词被用来特指某一个或某一类时, 前面用定冠词; 世界上独一无二的事物前面用定冠词; 重复前面已出现过的名词前面用定冠词; 形容词最高级、序数词前面用定冠词; 在江河、湖泊、山脉、岛屿、建筑物前面用定冠词; 在一些习惯用语中用定冠词, 如play the piano, in the way等。
名词前有指示代词、疑问代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格修饰时, 用零冠词; 名词的复数形式表示类别时, 前面用零冠词; 专有名词前一般用零冠词; 官衔、职称名词前面一般用零冠词; 节假日、球类、三餐等名词前面一般用零冠词; 一些习惯用语中名词前面用零冠词。
9. Their situation seems to have been very similar ______ ours.
A. with B. to C. as D. in
【解析】选B。考查介词与固定搭配。be similar to sb. /sth. in sth. 表示“在……方面与某人或某物相似”。
10. Her voice ______ a more serious tone.
A. took away B. took out
C. took on D. took off
【解析】选C。考查动词词组辨析。句意：她使用了更为严肃的声调。take on“呈现; 具有”; take away“拿走”; take out“拿出”; take off“脱掉, 起飞”。由句意可知C正确。
11. Don’t worry if you don’t understand everything. The teacher will ______ the main point at the end.
A. recover B. review
C. require D. remember
【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。recover恢复, 康复; review复习; require要求; remember记住。句意：如果你不能理解所有的东西, 不要担心。老师在这节课结束时会复习要点的。
12. —Sorry for what I have said to you.
— ______ .
［2011重庆模拟］
A. Forget it B. Come on
C. Got it D. Go ahead
【解析】选A。考查交际用语。forget it没关系, 别提它了; come on表示鼓励、催促或不同意; got it=I’ve got it表示“我明白了”; go ahead表示允许, 意思是“请说/做吧”。根据语境可知, 第一个人是道歉, 所以第二个人应表示“没关系”。由此可知选A。
13. Friendship has to be ______ trust, as we all know.
A. found on B. believed in
C. founded on D. believed
【解析】选C。考查固定短语。found. . . on把……建立在……上; believe in相信。句意：正如我们所知, 友谊是建立在信任的基础上的。
14. The front part of the bus was destroyed and nine people ______ were killed ______ the spot.
A. aboard; on B. on board; in
C. abroad; on D. on the board; in
【解析】选A。考查介词。句意：公共汽车的前部被毁了, 车上的九个人当场死亡。aboard= on board在船(火车、飞机、公共汽车)上; on the spot在现场, 当场。
15. I shall have to appear in court to give ______ for the accused.
A. achievement B. evidence
C. effect D. development
【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。achievement“成就”; evidence“证据”; effect“影响; 作用”; development“发展”。句意：我将出庭为被告提供证据。
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
(A)
The Chang’e-2 probe, named for the
character in the legend of a Chinese fairy
who flew to the moon, is expected to test
parts of key technologies for Chang’e-3,
which is expected to land on the moon in about 2013.
Chang’e-2 will also refine scientific research findings conducted by its predecessor, Chang’e-1, the spokesman said.
China’s lunar exploration program, which has been designed to eventually land a Chinese craft on the moon, calls for the launch of three satellites at the second stage: Chang’e-2, Chang’e-3 and Chang’e-4.
Chang’e-4 will be a backup satellite for Chang’e-3.
China’s first lunar probe circled around the Earth before entering the Earth-moon transfer orbit.
The second lunar probe will be directly sent into the Earth-moon transfer orbit at 200 km perigee (the point closest to Earth) and 380, 000 km apogee (the point farthest from Earth).
Without the need to circle Earth first this time, the travel time for Chang’e-2 is expected to be shortened from the previous 12 days to only 112 hours, or less than five days, the spokesman said.
When the probe is close to the moon, it will be made to slow down to enter an orbit 100 km away from the moon’s surface.
The circumlunar satellite will then orbit the moon in an orbit at a distance of 15 km closest to the moon and at 100 km at its farthest distance from the moon.
At 15 km from the moon’s surface, the Chang’e-2 probe will take photographs of the area around the moon’s Bay of Rainbows, where Chang’e-3 is expected to land during China’s next lunar mission.
Chang’e-2 then will return to the 100?km orbit to conduct other scientific exploration experiments, the space authority said.
During China’s first lunar mission, the cameras aboard Chang’e-1 captured lunar images with a resolution(分辨率; 清晰度) of 120 meters. Chang’e-2, with improved cameras on board, will take photographs with a resolution of 10 meters.
“Photos taken 15 km from the moon’s surface can be very clear with a resolution of 1 meter, ” Wu Weiren, chief designer of China’s lunar probe program, said in an interview with China Central Television on Tuesday.
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻, 主要报道了嫦娥二号月球探测器以及探月情况。
1. What’s the main purpose of the Chang’e-2 probe
A. To explore the truth of a Chinese fairy.
B. To test parts of key technologies for Chang’e-3.
C. To continue to do scientific research.
D. To test environment of the moon.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段的第一句The Chang’e-2 probe, named for the character in the legend of a Chinese fairy who flew to the moon, is expected to test parts of key technologies for Chang’e-3. . . 可知。
2. According to Paragraphs 3 and 4, we can conclude that ______ .
A. China’s lunar exploration program is aimed at landing a Chinese craft on the moon finally
B. China’s lunar exploration program will come to an end in 2013
C. the second stage of China’s lunar exploration program refers to the launch of four satellites
D. Chang’e-3 is attached to Chang’e-4
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段的China’s lunar exploration program, which has been designed to eventually land a Chinese craft on the moon. . . 可知。
3. Which of the following statements is right
A. Chang’e-1 circled around the Earth without entering the Earth-moon transfer orbit.
B. Chang’e-2 doesn’t need to circle around the Earth.
C. The travel time for Chang’e-2 is expected to be 12 days.
D. Chang’e-2 will speed up to enter an orbit 100 km away from the moon’s surface.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第七段的Without the need to circle Earth first this time, the travel time for Chang’e-2 is expected to be shortened from the previous 12 days to only 112 hours. . . 可知。
4. What’s the main idea of the passage
A. China’s second lunar probe.
B. China’s lunar exploration program.
C. The differences between Chang’e-1 and Chang’e-2.
D. Photos taken by lunar probes.
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了“嫦娥二号”, 其中也提到了探月计划, 以及“嫦娥一号”的情况, 但这些都是围绕“嫦娥二号”展开的。所以选A。
(B)
Should tourists go into space
Man has been travelling into space for more than 40 years. Even today, though, very few people get the chance to be an astronaut, about 30 per year. This is mainly because of the expense. It costs millions of yuan to train and send astronauts into space. Very few countries can afford this.
This is why American businessman Dennis Tito paid 20, 000, 000 US dollars to the Russian space agency to go into space. He visited the International Space Station. His trip, making him the first ever space tourist, took eight days in total. He spent most of his time taking photos, looking at Earth and listening to music on his once-in-a-lifetime trip.
After landing safely back on earth, Mr Tito thought the trip was worth the money. The only difficulty he had was walking but this is normal for anyone who’s been in zero gravity.
Some people, especially in the American space agency, argue that you must be professional to go into space. They worry about the safety of other astronauts. However, Mr Tito received training before he left. He also helped to prepare food for the others while in space. They told him what to do and where he was allowed to go.
A survey carried out soon after Tito landed showed that 75％ of Americans supported space tourism. Some people are bored of all the places on earth. They are looking for a new adventure and space is the place.
The money Mr Tito gave the Russians paid for 20％ of their annual budget. If we want to see men on Mars and other planets, we may need rich people like Mr Tito to help us pay for it. The Russians have more rich people who want to become space tourists. They should take them.
【文章大意】本文主要讲了自从人类第一次到太空, 已有四十多年, 但成为宇航员到太空去的机会太少了。这主要是因为训练宇航员并送他们到太空去的费用太高。文章以第一个到太空的游客美国商人Dennis Tito为例, 说明俄国的太空局需要这样的富人。
5. How many people have flown into space
A. About 30.
B. More than 1, 200.
C. Thousands.
D. About 12, 000.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段的前两句可知人类到太空已有40多年了, 然而, 每年平均只有30个宇航员到太空。据此可以计算出到目前为止有1, 200多人到过太空。故选B。
6. Why did the Russians want Dennis Tito to go into space
A. They wanted to work with an American.
B. They wanted him to have a once-in-a-lifetime trip.
C. They wanted him to take photos of Earth.
D. They wanted his money.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段可知Mr Tito的这次太空之旅支付的钱足够俄国年度预算的20%。然后根据本文最后两句The Russians have more rich people who want to become space tourists. They should take them. 也可知选D。
7. Dennis Tito did the following in space except ______ .
A. take photos
B. enjoy the Earth
C. walk as usual
D. listen to music
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知A、B、D三项Dennis Tito在太空都做到了。根据第三段的The only difficulty he had was walking. . . 可知Dennis Tito在太空不能像往常那样走路。故选C。
8. We can conclude from the passage that ______ .
A. some Americans want to follow the example of Dennis Tito
B. Dennis Tito could do whatever he liked in space
C. Dennis Tito was the richest in the world when he travelled in space
D. more countries will send astronauts into space
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第五段可知75％的美国人支持太空旅游。一些人想到太空去。所以选A。
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. The film to be produced（创作） for the New Year is said to be good.
2. The invention of the computer is a great achievement（成就）.
3. The plane is orbiting（绕轨道飞行） over the field, waiting for the signal to land.
4. I was delighted（高兴的） to see my old friends again.
5. Congratulations（祝贺） on your success!
6. I haven’t much belief（信念） in his honesty.
7. The cultural（文化的） traditions of our society are different from the ones of the US.
8. Politicians（政治家） are busy near election time.
9. We’ve replaced（代替，取代） the old adding machine with a computer.
10. The business, founded（创立） by Dawn and Nigel, suffered financial setbacks.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. 这起事故与2008年发生的那一起事故相似。
The accident was similar to the one that happened in 2008.
2. 我们班总共有10人没有通过这次英语测试。
In total 10 students in our class failed in this English test.
3. 既然你不能帮助我，我只能向他人求助。
Now that you can’t help me , I have to turn to others.
4. 恭喜你获得这样一个极好的机会。
I congratulate you on this great opportunity.
5. 当影迷们在旅馆的前门等候时，那位影星到达了后门。
While the fans were waiting in the front of the hotel, the film star arrived at the back.
6. 当我听到“嫦娥二号”，中国的第二个月球探测器，已进入地月转移轨道时，我正在吃饭。
When I heard the news that Chang’e-2, China’s second moon probe, had entered the Earth-moon transfer orbit, I was having dinner .
7. 根据她对约翰的了解，她肯定那个偷袭者一定不是约翰。
From her knowledge of John’s habits, she feels sure that the attacker can’t have been John.
8. ——世界上真有鬼。——得了吧！我不相信你说的。
—There are really ghosts in the world.
— Come on! I can’t believe what you said .
Ⅲ. 语法和词汇知识
1. So far no life has been found outside the earth, but while some scientists are actively searching for living things in outer space, others firmly believe there _____ .
［2011上海模拟］
A. mustn’t be B. may not be
C. can’t be D. won’t be
【解析】选C。考查情态动词表猜测。句意：到目前为止在地球以外没有发现生命，但是有些科学家积极地在外太空寻找生物，有些科学家却坚信在外太空一定没有生物。根据句意可知选C。can’t 一定不，语气很强；may not可能不，语气较弱。must表猜测时，不能用于否定句。will不表示猜测。根据句中的firmly可知猜测的语气很强。故选C。
【举一反三】
I’m sure he _____ have forgotten about the wedding!
A. can’t B. may not C. needn’t D. mustn’t
【解析】选A。考查情态动词表猜测。句意：我确信他一定没有忘记这场婚礼！根据I’m sure可知猜测的可能性较强，又根据句意可知选A。can’t have done一定不会做某事；may not have done可能不会做某事；needn’t have done本来不必做某事。must表猜测时，不能用于否定句。
2. We’re all ready to put it into operation. _____ , we’re going to take action as fast as possible.
［2011淄博模拟］
A. In total B. In general
C. In conclusion D. In other words
【解析】选D。考查固定短语。in total总共；in general一般来说；in conclusion总之；in other words换句话说。句意：我们已经准备好使它生效。换句话说，我们打算尽快采取行动。
3. The growth of GDP in China will be largely slowed down in the next few years _____ it mainly relies on the exploration of the resources available.
A. because of B. due to
C. thanks to D. now that
【解析】选D。because of= due to= thanks to由于，是介词短语，后面跟名词、代词、what引导的从句。now that=since既然，因为，是连词，引导状语从句。根据句子结构可知此处需要连词。故选D。
【举一反三】
The college education system should be reformed ______ it can follow the pace of the economic development.
［2011常州模拟］
A. now that B. so that
C. only if D. even if
【解析】选B。考查连词。now that既然，因为；so that以至于，为了；only if只有；even if即使。句意：为了能跟上经济发展的步伐，应改革大学教育体制。
4. Please _____ your minds _____ the following problems.
［2011抚顺模拟]
A. pay; to B. concentrate; on
C. focus; at D. center; in
【解析】选B。句意：请把你的心思集中到下面的问题上。pay付款; center集中于，与on搭配，所以可以排除A、D两项，若选C，应把C项中的at改为on。故选B。
5. _____ to the delight of the schoolchildren, they will have a longer winter holiday which falls a week earlier than they have expected.
［2011鹤岗模拟］
A. Many B. Much C. Plenty D. Lots
【解析】选B。考查固定搭配。much to one’s delight令某人极其高兴的是。
6. —Goodbye! I’m going back to my hometown this afternoon.
— _____
A. Have a nice trip.
B. Congratulations!
C. Take your time.
D. I couldn’t agree more.
【解析】选A。考查交际用语。因为第一个人说要回家乡，所以第二个人应说“旅途愉快”。
7. The world should be full of peace so we must _____ conflict with harmony.
A. replace B. place C. replay D. play
【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。replace代替，放回；place放置；replay重新进行，重播，重演；play玩，播放。句意：世界应该充满和平，所以我们必须用和谐代替冲突。
8. There are over 58, 000 rocky objects in _____ space, about 900 of which could fall down onto _____ earth.
A. the; the B. /; the C. the; / D. a; the
【解析】选B。考查冠词。in space“在太空中”，中间没有冠词；earth前面要加定冠词，因为地球是独一无二的东西。
【方法技巧】冠词用法ABC
英语中冠词虽然不多，但考试中总是少不了。从近五年的高考试题来看，每年都有一道关于冠词的单选题。因此，同学们在复习中不可忽视它。近几年来，主要考查一些冠词的基本用法。
可数名词单数表泛指时，其前面需用不定冠词；表示某一类别时，可数名词前面需用不定冠词；表示数量为“一”时，可数名词前面用不定冠词；表示“每一”概念时，可数名词前面也需用不定冠词；一些固定短语前需用不定冠词。
名词被用来特指某一个或某一类时，前面用定冠词；世界上独一无二的事物前面用定冠词；重复前面已出现过的名词前面用定冠词；形容词最高级、序数词前面用定冠词；在江河、湖泊、山脉、岛屿、建筑物前面用定冠词；在一些习惯用语中用定冠词，如play the piano, in the way等。
名词前有指示代词、疑问代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格修饰时，用零冠词；名词的复数形式表示类别时，前面用零冠词；专有名词前一般用零冠词；官衔、职称名词前面一般用零冠词；节假日、球类、三餐等名词前面一般用零冠词；一些习惯用语中名词前面用零冠词。
9. Their situation seems to have been very similar _____ ours.
A. with B. to C. as D. in
【解析】选B。考查介词与固定搭配。be similar to sb. /sth. in sth. 表示“在……方面与某人或某物相似”。
10. Her voice _____ a more serious tone.
A. took away B. took out
C. took on D. took off
【解析】选C。考查动词词组辨析。句意：她使用了更为严肃的声调。takeon“呈现；具有”；take away“拿走”；take out“拿出”；take off“脱掉，起飞”。由句意可知C正确。
11. Don’t worry if you don’t understand everything. The teacher will _____ the main point at the end.
A. recover B. review
C. require D. remember
【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。recover恢复，康复；review复习；require要求；remember记住。句意：如果你不能理解所有的东西，不要担心。老师在这节课结束时会复习要点的。
12. —Sorry for what I have said to you.
— _____ .
A. Forget it B. Come on
C. Got it D. Go ahead
【解析】选A。考查交际用语。forget it没关系，别提它了；come on表示鼓励、催促或不同意；got it=I’ve got it表示“我明白了”；go ahead表示允许，意思是“请说/做吧”。根据语境可知，第一个人是道歉，所以第二个人应表示“没关系”。由此可知选A。
13. Friendship has to be _____ trust, as we all know.
A. found on B. believed in
C. founded on D. believed
【解析】选C。考查固定短语。found. . . on把……建立在……上；believe in相信。句意：正如我们所知，友谊是建立在信任的基础上的。
14. The front part of the bus was destroyed and nine people _____ were killed _____ the spot.
A. aboard; on B. on board; in
C. abroad; on D. on the board; in
【解析】选A。考查介词。句意：公共汽车的前部被毁了，车上的九个人当场死亡。aboard= on board在船（火车、飞机、公共汽车）上；on the spot在现场，当场。
15. I shall have to appear in court to give _____ for the accused.
A. achievement B. evidence
C. effect D. development
【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。achievement“成就”；evidence“证据”；effect“影响；作用”；development“发展”。句意：我将出庭为被告提供证据。
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
(A)
The Chang’e-2 probe, named for
the character in the legend of a Chinese
fairy who flew to the moon, is expected
to test parts of key technologies for
Chang’e-3, which is expected to land
on the moon in about 2013.
Chang’e-2 will also refine scientific research findings conducted by its predecessor, Chang’e-1, the spokesman said.
China’s lunar exploration program, which has been designed to eventually land a Chinese craft on the moon, calls for the launch of three satellites at the second stage: Chang’e-2, Chang’e-3 and Chang’e-4.
Chang’e-4 will be a backup satellite for Chang’e-3.
China’s first lunar probe circled around the Earth before entering the Earth-moon transfer orbit.
The second lunar probe will be directly sent into the Earth-moon transfer orbit at 200 km perigee (the point closest to Earth) and 380, 000 km apogee (the point farthest from Earth).
Without the need to circle Earth first this time, the travel time for Chang’e-2 is expected to be shortened from the previous 12 days to only 112 hours, or less than five days, the spokesman said.
When the probe is close to the moon, it will be made to slow down to enter an orbit 100 km away from the moon’s surface.
The circumlunar satellite will then orbit the moon in an orbit at a distance of 15 km closest to the moon and at 100 km at its farthest distance from the moon.
At 15 km from the moon’s surface, the Chang’e-2 probe will take photographs of the area around the moon’s Bay of Rainbows, where Chang’e-3 is expected to land during China’s next lunar mission.
Chang’e-2 then will return to the 100-km orbit to conduct other scientific exploration experiments, the space authority said.
During China’s first lunar mission, the cameras aboard Chang’e-1 captured lunar images with a resolution（分辨率；清晰度） of 120 meters. Chang’e-2, with improved cameras on board, will take photographs with a resolution of 10 meters.
“Photos taken 15 km from the moon’s surface can be very clear with a resolution of 1 meter, ” Wu Weiren, chief designer of China’s lunar probe program, said in an interview with China Central Television on Tuesday.
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻，主要报道了嫦娥二号月球探测器以及探月情况。
1. What’s the main purpose of the Chang’e-2 probe
A. To explore the truth of a Chinese fairy.
B. To test parts of key technologies for Chang’e-3.
C. To continue to do scientific research.
D. To test environment of the moon.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段的第一句The Chang’e-2 probe, named for the character in the legend of a Chinese fairy who flew to the moon, is expected to test parts of key technologies for Chang’e-3. . . 可知。
2. According to Paragraphs 3 and 4, we can conclude that _____ .
A. China’s lunar exploration program is aimed at landing a Chinese craft on the moon finally
B. China’s lunar exploration program will come to an end in 2013
C. the second stage of China’s lunar exploration program refers to the launch of four satellites
D. Chang’e-3 is attached to Chang’e-4
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段的China’s lunar exploration program, which has been designed to eventually land a Chinese craft on the moon. . . 可知。
3. Which of the following statements is right
A. Chang’e-1 circled around the Earth without entering the Earth-moon transfer orbit.
B. Chang’e-2 doesn’t need to circle around the Earth.
C. The travel time for Chang’e-2 is expected to be 12 days.
D. Chang’e-2 will speed up to enter an orbit 100 km away from the moon’s surface.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第七段的Without the need to circle Earth first this time, the travel time for Chang’e-2 is expected to be shortened from the previous 12 days to only 112 hours. . . 可知。
4. What’s the main idea of the passage
A. China’s second lunar probe.
B. China’s lunar exploration program.
C. The differences between Chang’e-1 and Chang’e-2.
D. Photos taken by lunar probes.
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了“嫦娥二号”，其中也提到了探月计划，以及“嫦娥一号”的情况，但这些都是围绕“嫦娥二号”展开的。所以选A。
(B)
Should tourists go into space
Man has been travelling into space for more than 40 years. Even today, though，very few people get the chance to be an astronaut， about 30 per year. This is mainly because of the expense. It costs millions of yuan to train and send astronauts into space. Very few countries can afford this.
This is why American businessman Dennis Tito paid 20，000，000 US dollars to the Russian space agency to go into space. He visited the International Space Station. His trip，making him the first ever space tourist，took eight days in total. He spent most of his time taking photos，looking at Earth and listening to music on his once-in-a-lifetime trip.
After landing safely back on earth，Mr Tito thought the trip was worth the money. The only difficulty he had was walking but this is normal for anyone who’s been in zero gravity.
Some people, especially in the American space agency, argue that you must be professional to go into space. They worry about the safety of other astronauts. However, Mr Tito received training before he left. He also helped to prepare food for the others while in space. They told him what to do and where he was allowed to go.
A survey carried out soon after Tito landed showed that 75％ of Americans supported space tourism. Some people are bored of all the places on earth. They are looking for a new adventure and space is the place.
The money Mr Tito gave the Russians paid for 20％of their annual budget. If we want to see men on Mars and other planets，we may need rich people like Mr Tito to help us pay for it. The Russians have more rich people who want to become space tourists. They should take them.
【文章大意】本文主要讲了自从人类第一次到太空，已有四十多年，但成为宇航员到太空去的机会太少了。这主要是因为训练宇航员并送他们到太空去的费用太高。文章以第一个到太空的游客美国商人Dennis Tito为例，说明俄国的太空局需要这样的富人。
5. How many people have flown into space
A. About 30.
B. More than 1, 200.
C. Thousands.
D. About 12, 000.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段的前两句可知人类到太空已有40多年了，然而，每年平均只有30个宇航员到太空。据此可以计算出到目前为止有1, 200多人到过太空。故选B。
6. Why did the Russians want Dennis Tito to go into space
A. They wanted to work with an American.
B. They wanted him to have a once-in-a-lifetime trip.
C. They wanted him to take photos of Earth.
D. They wanted his money.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段可知Mr Tito的这次太空之旅支付的钱足够俄国年度预算的20%。然后根据本文最后两句The Russians have more rich people who want to become space tourists. They should take them. 也可知选D。
7. Dennis Tito did the following in space except _____ .
A. take photos
B. enjoy the Earth
C. walk as usual
D. listen to music
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知A、B、D三项Dennis Tito在太空都做到了。根据第三段的The only difficulty he had was walking. . . 可知Dennis Tito在太空不能像往常那样走路。故选C。
8. What does Dennis Tito think about his trip to space
A. It’s worthwhile spending so much money travelling in space.
B. It’s a waste of money to spend so much money travelling in space.
C. The trip to space didn’t satisfy his demand.
D. He would suffer great loss for it.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段的. . . Mr Tito thought the trip was worth the money. 可知选A。