Unit 3 Sea Exploration单元检测
时间:120分钟 分数:120分
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Things to Do with Smithsonian Associates in November
●Tuesday, November 5
Discovery Theatre Presents Spirit of South Africa: Experience the energy, customs and cultures of South Africa as reflected in three distinctive regional dances with instructor and performer Lesole Maine. 10:30 a.m. and 12 p.m. $3 to $9
●Monday, November 11
America’s Long-Distance Passenger Trains: As America marks the 150th anniversary of the driving of the Golden Spike that completed the transcontinental railroad and linked the nation, professional Scott Hercik and a group of experts explore train travel’s romantic past, its present state and uncertain future. 10 a.m. $90 to $140
●Saturday, November 23
Mysterious Guardians of the Ocean: From Jaws to Shark Week, people have been used to seeing sharks as terrifying cold-blooded predators(食肉动物). Conservationist William McKeever presents another view of them: evolutionary miracles are in the greatest danger of their 450-million-year history. 6:45 p.m. $25 to $35
●Tuesday, November 26
Smithsonian Inspired Floral Design: Learn the fundamentals of floral design while creating designs based on famous art in the Smithsonian’s collection during a three-session course. Each session focuses on a different work, providing inspiration for the flowers, greens and vases participants use to create beautiful arrangements. No experience is necessary. 6:30 p.m. $115 to $165
21. Which event should be the most appealing to people interested in dancing
A. Smithsonian Inspired Floral Design.
B. Mysterious Guardians of the Ocean.
C. Discovery Theatre Presents Spirit of South Africa.
D. America’s Long-Distance Passenger Trains.
22. When will you have a chance to learn something about American transportation
A. On November 11.
B. On November 5.
C. On November 23.
D. On November 26.
23. What can you do if you’re free only at weekends
A. Explore a train journey.
B. Watch a show about South Africa.
C. Attend a course about floral design.
D. Enjoy a talk on sharks.
B
Scientist Fabien Cousteau went out of the Atlantic Ocean and took in a deep breath of fresh air. It was the first time in 31 days he had been above the ocean’s surface.
Cousteau had been living in an underwater science lab called Aquarius. It’s located 63 feet below the surface, off the coast of the Florida Keys.
50 years ago Fabien Cousteau’s grandfather, the legendary ocean explorer Jacques Cousteau, led a similar—but shorter by one day expedition under the surface of the Red Sea. Since then, we have explored only a very small portion of the oceans, less than 5%. His grandfather was one of the first ocean explorers. 31 days beneath the waves is now the longest time anyone has spent under the ocean. But he wasn’t just trying to break his grandfather’s record. He was there to learn more about life in the ocean.
For 31 days, a team of more than 30 people, including researchers and filmmakers, joined Cousteau. They took turns staying with him for several days at a time. The intent of the Mission 31: study the life of and on the coral reef, the effects of climate change, acidification, and pollution, in particular by plastic debris and oil spills. But it was also a study of the scientists themselves spending extended time underwater. By staying down continuously, they collected the equivalent of several years of scientific data in just a month.
Aquarius is the world’s only underwater science lab. It’s about the size of a school bus. It has a kitchen, a bathroom, and six bunk beds that face a window. Cousteau and his team posted many videos online. He hopes his month-long stay will encourage others to study and help protect life in the ocean.
24. What can we learn about Aquarius from the passage
A. It’s a science lab on the coast of the Florida Keys.
B. It’s located sixty-three feet underwater.
C. It’s the world’s only science lab.
D. It’s as big as a minibus.
25. Why did Cousteau live underwater for 31 days
A. To do some scientific research.
B. To become the first ocean explorer.
C. To make a film.
D. To break his grandfather’s record.
26. What can we know from the passage
A. Cousteau stayed in the lab by himself.
B. Cousteau stayed in the lab with some researchers for 31 days.
C. Cousteau and his team have known how pollution affects ocean life.
D. The aim of Cousteau’s month-long stay is to call on people to protect the life in the ocean.
27. What’s the best title of the passage
A. How to Protect the Life in the Ocean
B. A Month Under the Sea
C. An Underwater Science Lab
D. An Exciting Trip Under the Sea
C
It may not be quite old enough to be the world’s oldest living organism—that “honour” goes to the bristlecone pine tree(aged 5,000 years)—but, at 4,000 years of age, Leiopathes glaberrima, a deep-water coral species, does set the record for being the oldest animal living under the sea.
Located on the floor of the Pacific Ocean, off Hawaii, the 3-metre-tall, (extremely) long-lived “black coral” could have some valuable clues about past climate change; specifically, it could better scientists’ understanding of how oceans draw down carbon dioxide—and of ocean acidification in general. Brendan Roark of Texas A & M University, who led a research expedition in 2006 to study the corals’ climate records, presented his findings at the recent AAAS meeting.
How long they can live is anybody’s guess, Roark told Science’s Erik Stokstad. He and his colleagues used radiocarbon dating to determine the coral’s age. What this suggests, he said, is that the harvesting of deep-water coral for jewellery should be completely banned; because the corals grow at such a low rate, any level of harvesting would likely wipe out the remaining specimens—those not yet affected by ocean acidification.
Roark believes it could be possible to reconstruct records of subsurface(地下的) temperature variability and ocean circulation changes, which would provide some insight into climate changes and help predict future effects. By comparison, that ocean quahog clam(圆蛤) we mentioned a while back—aged 405 years—seems almost sprightly.
28. What does the underlined word “clues” in the second paragraph mean
A. Evidence. B. Treasure.
C. Worth. D. Usage.
29. What’s the value of the finding of the Leiopathes glaberrima
A. It shows which is the oldest in the ocean.
B. It helps the scientists get more information about the ocean.
C. It shows why the weather changes so much.
D. It helps the scientists know how to live longer.
30. Why should the harvesting of deep-water coral for jewellery be completely banned
A. Because the jewellery has little value.
B. Because the jewellery is hard to harvest.
C. Because harvesting the coral for the jewellery does great harm to deep-water coral.
D. Because it is very dangerous.
31. What is the best title of the passage
A. The World’s Oldest Living Organism
B. The Oldest Animal Under the Sea
C. How to Protect the Corals
D. A Great Discovery
D
Dog owners say dogs are smarter. However, this may not be the case. Cats tend to hide their intelligence: they don’t want praise from their owners. Cats are independent, whereas dogs are social and mostly travel in groups. Because of this, many people believe that dogs are more intelligent, but the ways of measuring the intelligence of cats and dogs are different because they are different animals. Therefore, the intelligence of cats may be underestimated.
The senses of a cat are more developed than dogs. They hear and see better than dogs. The memory of cats is a lot better than dogs. Cats have both long-term and short-term memory. The memory of cats is two hundred times more than dogs. This means that the memory of cats is even better than monkeys and chimpanzees. Scientific American states that a cat can hold 1,000 times more “data storage” than a tablet computer.
Cats have better cognition(认知) than dogs. It is true that dogs have a better social IQ than cats, but that doesn’t mean that they are smarter than cats. Cats can solve complex problems, and can also distinguish between complex shapes. Also, the observation of cats is greater than that of any other domestic animal. If something new and different enters a house, the cat can quickly figure out what it is. This makes training a cat very easy because they are able to observe what happens very quickly, and are able to learn quicker than dogs.
In conclusion, cats have the brain, but they don’t want to show it because they don’t want love; they want food and just the basic necessities in order to survive. The Huffington Post says, “Dogs come when they’re called; cats take a message and get back to you.” This quote can show us that maybe cats are the smarter ones.
32. From the first paragraph, what do we know about cats
A. They’re social. B. They’re independent.
C. They’re stupid. D. They’re lovely.
33. About the memory of animals, which one of the following is TRUE
A. Dogs>Cats>Monkeys.
B. Cats>Dogs>Monkeys.
C. Monkeys>Cats>Dogs.
D. Cats>Monkeys>Dogs.
34. What makes training a cat so easy
A. That the cat doesn’t want love.
B. That the cat has a better social IQ.
C. That the cat has better memory than the dog.
D. That the cat can observe and learn more quickly.
35. How is the passage mainly developed
A. By inferring.
B. By listing examples.
C. By comparing.
D. By giving explanations.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sometimes people come into your life and you know right away that they are meant to be there.36. They teach you a lesson, or help you figure out who you are or who you want to become.
37. They may be a roommate, a neighbour, a professor, a friend, a lover, or even a complete stranger. Sometimes things happen to you that may seem horrible at first, but later you will find that without those difficulties you would have never realised your potential. 38. It would be safe and comfortable, but dull and completely pointless.
The people you meet who affect your life, and the success and downfall you experience, help to create who you are and who you become. 39. In fact, they are sometimes the most important ones.
If someone loves you, give love back to them not only because they love you, but also because they are teaching you to love and how to open your heart and eyes to things.
40. They have helped you learn about trust and the importance of being cautious about whom you open your heart to.
Make every day count. Appreciate every moment.
A. They serve some sort of purpose.
B. Learn a lesson in life each day that you live.
C. Even the bad experiences can be learned from.
D. You never know who these people may be.
E. If someone hurts you, or breaks your heart, forgive them.
F. Without these small tests, life would be like a smooth road to nowhere.
G. If you don’t believe in yourself, it will be hard for others to believe in you.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The other day I shared knowledge on several aspects of Hindi(印地) culture with you. Today I’m hoping to paint a better picture of 41 it means to give in India and how their generosity differs from 42 of Western culture.
I was 43 when we learned the words “thank you” don’t really exist in Hindi. In the mountains, it is 44 used, and people often seemed annoyed when we tried to thank them. They 45 either turn their heads, or shake their hands at us.
When we asked our Indian friends why this is so, they explained that giving and generosity are vital parts of their culture. Giving is more of a 46 of “changing hands” than an act of generosity. In their eyes, the foods they would give us were 47 really “theirs”. They see them as something passed along to them and now they are 48 passing them along to us.
The villagers were eager to 49 their best cucumbers to a passing stranger. 50 , people in the U.S. tend to donate old, used, or unwanted things 51 their treasured ones.
52 , during a coffee break, a friend told me about how he donated his favourite clothes and shoes—just for the experience of giving up the possessions he likes most. Giving is 53 Westerners can certainly do. We can practise 54 giving away the things we value most—not only actual physical possessions, but also perhaps even more 55 , our time and attention.
41. A. how B. when
C. why D. what
42. A. that B. one
C. it D. both
43. A. amused B. interested
C. shocked D. disappointed
44. A. often B. occasionally
C. sometimes D. seldom
45. A. could B. should
C. would D. might
46. A. matter B. change
C. picture D. state
47. A. ever B. yet
C. never D. already
48. A. partly B. equally
C. obviously D. simply
49. A. give away B. give out
C. give back D. give in
50. A. Therefore B. However
C. Otherwise D. Meanwhile
51. A. rather than B. better than
C. more than D. less than
52. A. Importantly B. Obviously
C. Interestingly D. Luckily
53. A. anything B. nothing
C. everything D. something
54. A. in B. by
C. for D. about
55. A. urgent B. efficient
C. important D. flexible
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sammy Armstrong was driving to his office 56. he noticed a car was stuck on railroad tracks. Then he heard a train whistle. Sammy 57. (stop) his car, put off his sunglasses and tried to figure out what was happening. 58. elderly man, Jean Papich, eighty-four, sat in the driver seat, turning the key and hitting the gas. His wife, Marion, seventy-eight, was looking 59. (nervous) at him. Then Sammy ran 60. the car and pushed it from behind, but his boots slipped on the warm asphalt(沥青). He could see the train approaching fast.
It might be 61. (easy) to push the car backwards than forwards, Sammy thought. He ran around to the front of the vehicle and urged Jean 62. (put) the car in neutral(空挡). Sammy could feel the ground trembling. He put his boots against the track and pushed forcefully. Finally, the car rolled off the tracks. When Sammy looked up, the train was just a couple of 63. (foot) away. Sammy, shocked and 64. (speech), went back to work as crowds gathered at the scene.
Weeks later, Marion called to thank Sammy. He responded, “I just did 65. I had to do.”
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,请你给交换生Simon写一封邮件,邀请他参加学校成立的“环境卫士”志愿者小组。内容包括:
(1)介绍小组情况;
(2)活动时间及内容;
(3)期待对方加入。
注意:
(1)词数80左右;
(2)可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:环境卫士 Environment Guardian
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The worst tourist in the world may be Nicholas Scottie of San Francisco. Once he flew from the US to his hometown in Italy. He had some troubles on his journey. The night before, he stayed up late to deal with some emails, so when he boarded the plane he decided to have a sleep. Hours later, he was woken up by some noise and he found the plane had landed.
As he thought he had arrived home, Mr. Scottie got off the plane. He thought he was in Rome. However, the truth was that the plane made a one-hour stop to get oil at John F. Kennedy International Airport of New York.
Mr. Scottie waited at the airport for some while, but nobody was there to meet him. He thought maybe they were held up by heavy traffic which was very common in Rome. He decided to give his family a phone call. Unfortunately, he found he had left his cell phone at the hotel in San Francisco. Therefore, he decided to go home by himself. While he was walking in the city, Mr. Scottie found that the old “Rome” had changed a lot. Many old buildings were replaced by high modern ones. He also found that many people spoke English instead of Italian and that many street signs were written in English. What made him most surprised was that drivers’ awareness of traffic safety was improved and he hardly found any driver speeding on the road. All cars were driving in line. The condition was widely different from that in the past. He was feeling proud.
Mr. Scottie knew very little English, so he asked a policeman(in Italian) the way to the bus station. He happened to meet a policeman who was also born in Italy and answered him in the same language. Mr. Scottie thanked him, left, quickly found the bus station and got on a bus. He looked outside of the bus window.
注意:
(1)续写词数应为150左右;
(2)请按如下格式作答。
After twelve hours’ travelling round on a bus, Mr. Scottie thought to himself that Rome had changed so much that he even failed to find his home.
To get him on a plane back to San Francisco, he was sent to the airport in a police car with sirens(警报) on. Unit 3 Sea Exploration单元检测
时间:120分钟 分数:120分
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Things to Do with Smithsonian Associates in November
●Tuesday, November 5
Discovery Theatre Presents Spirit of South Africa: Experience the energy, customs and cultures of South Africa as reflected in three distinctive regional dances with instructor and performer Lesole Maine. 10:30 a.m. and 12 p.m. $3 to $9
●Monday, November 11
America’s Long-Distance Passenger Trains: As America marks the 150th anniversary of the driving of the Golden Spike that completed the transcontinental railroad and linked the nation, professional Scott Hercik and a group of experts explore train travel’s romantic past, its present state and uncertain future. 10 a.m. $90 to $140
●Saturday, November 23
Mysterious Guardians of the Ocean: From Jaws to Shark Week, people have been used to seeing sharks as terrifying cold-blooded predators(食肉动物). Conservationist William McKeever presents another view of them: evolutionary miracles are in the greatest danger of their 450-million-year history. 6:45 p.m. $25 to $35
●Tuesday, November 26
Smithsonian Inspired Floral Design: Learn the fundamentals of floral design while creating designs based on famous art in the Smithsonian’s collection during a three-session course. Each session focuses on a different work, providing inspiration for the flowers, greens and vases participants use to create beautiful arrangements. No experience is necessary. 6:30 p.m. $115 to $165
21. Which event should be the most appealing to people interested in dancing
A. Smithsonian Inspired Floral Design.
B. Mysterious Guardians of the Ocean.
C. Discovery Theatre Presents Spirit of South Africa.
D. America’s Long-Distance Passenger Trains.
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Discovery Theatre Presents Spirit of South Africa: Experience ... regional dances ...”可知,该剧院可以体验反映南非活力、习俗和文化的三种独特的地方舞蹈。因此,与舞蹈有关的活动是Discovery Theatre Presents Spirit of South Africa。故选C。
答案:C
22. When will you have a chance to learn something about American transportation
A. On November 11.
B. On November 5.
C. On November 23.
D. On November 26.
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“America’s Long-Distance Passenger Trains”可知,美国的长途客运列车活动是在11月11日,因此在这一天你有机会了解与美国交通运输相关的事情。故选A。
答案:A
23. What can you do if you’re free only at weekends
A. Explore a train journey.
B. Watch a show about South Africa.
C. Attend a course about floral design.
D. Enjoy a talk on sharks.
解析:细节理解题。通读全文可知,Mysterious Guardians of the Ocean这一活动的时间为11月23日星期六。因此,只有这个活动是可以在周末参加的。故选D。
答案:D
B
Scientist Fabien Cousteau went out of the Atlantic Ocean and took in a deep breath of fresh air. It was the first time in 31 days he had been above the ocean’s surface.
Cousteau had been living in an underwater science lab called Aquarius. It’s located 63 feet below the surface, off the coast of the Florida Keys.
50 years ago Fabien Cousteau’s grandfather, the legendary ocean explorer Jacques Cousteau, led a similar—but shorter by one day expedition under the surface of the Red Sea. Since then, we have explored only a very small portion of the oceans, less than 5%. His grandfather was one of the first ocean explorers. 31 days beneath the waves is now the longest time anyone has spent under the ocean. But he wasn’t just trying to break his grandfather’s record. He was there to learn more about life in the ocean.
For 31 days, a team of more than 30 people, including researchers and filmmakers, joined Cousteau. They took turns staying with him for several days at a time. The intent of the Mission 31: study the life of and on the coral reef, the effects of climate change, acidification, and pollution, in particular by plastic debris and oil spills. But it was also a study of the scientists themselves spending extended time underwater. By staying down continuously, they collected the equivalent of several years of scientific data in just a month.
Aquarius is the world’s only underwater science lab. It’s about the size of a school bus. It has a kitchen, a bathroom, and six bunk beds that face a window. Cousteau and his team posted many videos online. He hopes his month-long stay will encourage others to study and help protect life in the ocean.
24. What can we learn about Aquarius from the passage
A. It’s a science lab on the coast of the Florida Keys.
B. It’s located sixty-three feet underwater.
C. It’s the world’s only science lab.
D. It’s as big as a minibus.
解析:细节理解题。本文第二段介绍了科学实验室Aquarius的情况。根据该段第二句“It’s located 63 feet below the surface, off the coast of the Florida Keys.”可知B项正确,A项错误;由最后一段第一、二句“Aquarius is the world’s only underwater science lab. It’s about the size of a school bus.”可知C、D两项错误。故选B。
答案:B
25. Why did Cousteau live underwater for 31 days
A. To do some scientific research.
B. To become the first ocean explorer.
C. To make a film.
D. To break his grandfather’s record.
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中的“His grandfather was one of the first ocean explorers.”以及“But he wasn’t just trying to break his grandfather’s record. He was there to learn more about life in the ocean.”可知B、D两项错误,关于C项,文中只提到他和研究者以及制片人在水下实验室研究污染对海洋生物的影响,并没有说是要拍电影。故选A。
答案:A
26. What can we know from the passage
A. Cousteau stayed in the lab by himself.
B. Cousteau stayed in the lab with some researchers for 31 days.
C. Cousteau and his team have known how pollution affects ocean life.
D. The aim of Cousteau’s month-long stay is to call on people to protect the life in the ocean.
解析:细节理解题。根据第四段可知,Cousteau在水下实验室待了31天,研究者和制片人轮流和他在一起,主要是研究污染怎样影响海洋生物。由此可知A、B、C三项都与文章内容不符;再由最后一段最后一句可知D项正确。故选D。
答案:D
27. What’s the best title of the passage
A. How to Protect the Life in the Ocean
B. A Month Under the Sea
C. An Underwater Science Lab
D. An Exciting Trip Under the Sea
解析:主旨大意题。文章第一段是中心段,再由全文内容可知,文章主要讲述的是科学家Cousteau及其团队在海底生活的一个月,可知B项正确。A项和C项都是文章的一部分,作为文章题目有点片面;因为不是旅行,所以D项错误。故选B。
答案:B
C
It may not be quite old enough to be the world’s oldest living organism—that “honour” goes to the bristlecone pine tree(aged 5,000 years)—but, at 4,000 years of age, Leiopathes glaberrima, a deep-water coral species, does set the record for being the oldest animal living under the sea.
Located on the floor of the Pacific Ocean, off Hawaii, the 3-metre-tall, (extremely) long-lived “black coral” could have some valuable clues about past climate change; specifically, it could better scientists’ understanding of how oceans draw down carbon dioxide—and of ocean acidification in general. Brendan Roark of Texas A & M University, who led a research expedition in 2006 to study the corals’ climate records, presented his findings at the recent AAAS meeting.
How long they can live is anybody’s guess, Roark told Science’s Erik Stokstad. He and his colleagues used radiocarbon dating to determine the coral’s age. What this suggests, he said, is that the harvesting of deep-water coral for jewellery should be completely banned; because the corals grow at such a low rate, any level of harvesting would likely wipe out the remaining specimens—those not yet affected by ocean acidification.
Roark believes it could be possible to reconstruct records of subsurface(地下的) temperature variability and ocean circulation changes, which would provide some insight into climate changes and help predict future effects. By comparison, that ocean quahog clam(圆蛤) we mentioned a while back—aged 405 years—seems almost sprightly.
28. What does the underlined word “clues” in the second paragraph mean
A. Evidence. B. Treasure.
C. Worth. D. Usage.
解析:词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“long-lived ‘black coral’ could have some valuable clues about past climate change; specifically, it could better scientists’ understanding of how oceans draw down carbon dioxide—and of ocean acidification in general”可知,长寿的“黑珊瑚”可能有一些关于过去气候变化的有价值的线索;具体地说,它可以更好地让海洋科学家们了解海洋是如何吸收二氧化碳,以及海洋酸化的一般情况。Leiopathes glaberrima为研究海洋提供了有价值的线索与证据。故选A。
答案:A
29. What’s the value of the finding of the Leiopathes glaberrima
A. It shows which is the oldest in the ocean.
B. It helps the scientists get more information about the ocean.
C. It shows why the weather changes so much.
D. It helps the scientists know how to live longer.
解析:推理判断题。根据第二段中的“it could better scientists’ understanding of how oceans draw down carbon dioxide—and of ocean acidification in general”可知,它可以更好地让海洋科学家们了解海洋是如何吸收二氧化碳,以及海洋酸化的一般情况。这就是研究Leiopathes glaberrima的意义。故选B。
答案:B
30. Why should the harvesting of deep-water coral for jewellery be completely banned
A. Because the jewellery has little value.
B. Because the jewellery is hard to harvest.
C. Because harvesting the coral for the jewellery does great harm to deep-water coral.
D. Because it is very dangerous.
解析:推理判断题。根据第三段中的“because the corals grow at such a low rate, any level of harvesting would likely wipe out the remaining specimens”可知,珊瑚的生长非常缓慢,任何破坏都可能会导致该物种灭绝,因此要禁止开采深海珊瑚做珠宝。故选C。
答案:C
31. What is the best title of the passage
A. The World’s Oldest Living Organism
B. The Oldest Animal Under the Sea
C. How to Protect the Corals
D. A Great Discovery
解析:主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Leiopathes glaberrima, a deep-water coral species, does set the record for being the oldest animal living under the sea”可知,本文讲述的是海洋的寿星。故选B。
答案:B
D
Dog owners say dogs are smarter. However, this may not be the case. Cats tend to hide their intelligence: they don’t want praise from their owners. Cats are independent, whereas dogs are social and mostly travel in groups. Because of this, many people believe that dogs are more intelligent, but the ways of measuring the intelligence of cats and dogs are different because they are different animals. Therefore, the intelligence of cats may be underestimated.
The senses of a cat are more developed than dogs. They hear and see better than dogs. The memory of cats is a lot better than dogs. Cats have both long-term and short-term memory. The memory of cats is two hundred times more than dogs. This means that the memory of cats is even better than monkeys and chimpanzees. Scientific American states that a cat can hold 1,000 times more “data storage” than a tablet computer.
Cats have better cognition(认知) than dogs. It is true that dogs have a better social IQ than cats, but that doesn’t mean that they are smarter than cats. Cats can solve complex problems, and can also distinguish between complex shapes. Also, the observation of cats is greater than that of any other domestic animal. If something new and different enters a house, the cat can quickly figure out what it is. This makes training a cat very easy because they are able to observe what happens very quickly, and are able to learn quicker than dogs.
In conclusion, cats have the brain, but they don’t want to show it because they don’t want love; they want food and just the basic necessities in order to survive. The Huffington Post says, “Dogs come when they’re called; cats take a message and get back to you.” This quote can show us that maybe cats are the smarter ones.
32. From the first paragraph, what do we know about cats
A. They’re social. B. They’re independent.
C. They’re stupid. D. They’re lovely.
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Cats are independent, whereas dogs are social and mostly travel in groups.”可知,猫是独立的。故选B。
答案:B
33. About the memory of animals, which one of the following is TRUE
A. Dogs>Cats>Monkeys.
B. Cats>Dogs>Monkeys.
C. Monkeys>Cats>Dogs.
D. Cats>Monkeys>Dogs.
解析:推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The memory of cats is two hundred times more than dogs. This means that the memory of cats is even better than monkeys and chimpanzees.”可知,关于动物的记忆力,猫好于猴子,猴子好于狗。故选D。
答案:D
34. What makes training a cat so easy
A. That the cat doesn’t want love.
B. That the cat has a better social IQ.
C. That the cat has better memory than the dog.
D. That the cat can observe and learn more quickly.
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“This makes training a cat very easy because they are able to observe what happens very quickly, and are able to learn quicker than dogs.”可知,猫可以更快地观察到所发生的事情,并且能学习得比狗更快。故选D。
答案:D
35. How is the passage mainly developed
A. By inferring.
B. By listing examples.
C. By comparing.
D. By giving explanations.
解析:推理判断题。根据每一段的内容可看出,每段都是通过把猫和狗或是其他动物做比较进行写作的。故选C。
答案:C
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sometimes people come into your life and you know right away that they are meant to be there.36. They teach you a lesson, or help you figure out who you are or who you want to become.
37. They may be a roommate, a neighbour, a professor, a friend, a lover, or even a complete stranger. Sometimes things happen to you that may seem horrible at first, but later you will find that without those difficulties you would have never realised your potential. 38. It would be safe and comfortable, but dull and completely pointless.
The people you meet who affect your life, and the success and downfall you experience, help to create who you are and who you become. 39. In fact, they are sometimes the most important ones.
If someone loves you, give love back to them not only because they love you, but also because they are teaching you to love and how to open your heart and eyes to things.
40. They have helped you learn about trust and the importance of being cautious about whom you open your heart to.
Make every day count. Appreciate every moment.
A. They serve some sort of purpose.
B. Learn a lesson in life each day that you live.
C. Even the bad experiences can be learned from.
D. You never know who these people may be.
E. If someone hurts you, or breaks your heart, forgive them.
F. Without these small tests, life would be like a smooth road to nowhere.
G. If you don’t believe in yourself, it will be hard for others to believe in you.
36. 解析:根据空后句子“They teach you a lesson, or help you figure out who you are or who you want to become.”可知,有些人出现在你的生活中有其目的。故选A。
答案:A
37. 解析:根据空后句子“They may be a roommate, a neighbour, a professor, a friend, a lover, or even a complete stranger.”可知,你不知道这些人会是谁。故选D。
答案:D
38. 解析:根据空前句子“Sometimes things happen to you that may seem horrible at first, but later you will find that without those difficulties you would have never realised your potential.”及空后句子“It would be safe and comfortable, but dull and completely pointless.”可知,如果没有这些考验,生活将变成一条平整却无趣的路。故选F。
答案:F
39. 解析:根据空前句子“The people you meet who affect your life, and the success and downfall you experience, help to create who you are and who you become.”和空后句子“In fact, they are sometimes the most important ones.”可知,即使是一些糟糕的经历,你也可以从中汲取教训。故选C。
答案:C
40. 解析:根据空后句子“They have helped you learn about trust and the importance of being cautious about whom you open your heart to.”可知,即使那些伤害了你的人也能帮助你成长,因此你要原谅他们。故选E。
答案:E
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The other day I shared knowledge on several aspects of Hindi(印地) culture with you. Today I’m hoping to paint a better picture of 41 it means to give in India and how their generosity differs from 42 of Western culture.
I was 43 when we learned the words “thank you” don’t really exist in Hindi. In the mountains, it is 44 used, and people often seemed annoyed when we tried to thank them. They 45 either turn their heads, or shake their hands at us.
When we asked our Indian friends why this is so, they explained that giving and generosity are vital parts of their culture. Giving is more of a 46 of “changing hands” than an act of generosity. In their eyes, the foods they would give us were 47 really “theirs”. They see them as something passed along to them and now they are 48 passing them along to us.
The villagers were eager to 49 their best cucumbers to a passing stranger. 50 , people in the U.S. tend to donate old, used, or unwanted things 51 their treasured ones.
52 , during a coffee break, a friend told me about how he donated his favourite clothes and shoes—just for the experience of giving up the possessions he likes most. Giving is 53 Westerners can certainly do. We can practise 54 giving away the things we value most—not only actual physical possessions, but also perhaps even more 55 , our time and attention.
41. A. how B. when
C. why D. what
解析:of后面跟宾语从句,宾语从句中缺少宾语,所以用what引导宾语从句。故选D。
答案:D
42. A. that B. one
C. it D. both
解析:此处指代前面提到的generosity。generosity指“宽宏大量,慷慨”,是不可数名词,所以用that代替。故选A。
答案:A
43. A. amused B. interested
C. shocked D. disappointed
解析:根据后面的“we learned the words ‘thank you’ don’t really exist in Hindi”可知,在印地语中,“谢谢你”这句话实际上是不存在的,所以让人感到惊讶。故选C。
答案:C
44. A. often B. occasionally
C. sometimes D. seldom
解析:根据前面的“the words ‘thank you’ don’t really exist in Hindi”和后面的陈述可知,“thank you”这句话很少被使用。故选D。
答案:D
45. A. could B. should
C. would D. might
解析:此处指当“我们”试图表示感谢时,他们将会做出什么反应。故选C。
答案:C
46. A. matter B. change
C. picture D. state
解析:a matter of ...表示“这是……的问题”。根据后面的“They see them as something passed along to them and now they are ... passing them along to us.”可知,“给予”更多的是一种“转手”的问题,而不是慷慨的行为。故选A。
答案:A
47. A. ever B. yet
C. never D. already
解析:根据后面的“They see them as something passed along to them and now they are ... passing them along to us.”可知,他们认为他们送给“我们”的食物实际上从来就不是他们的,只是经他们的手交给了“我们”。故选C。
答案:C
48. A. partly B. equally
C. obviously D. simply
解析:此处指他们仅仅是把食物转手交给了“我们”。故选D。
答案:D
49. A. give away B. give out
C. give back D. give in
解析:根据上下文可知,此处指村民把收获的最好的黄瓜送给路过的陌生人。give away赠送,泄露;give out分发,发出(光、热等);give back归还,恢复;give in屈服。故选A。
答案:A
50. A. Therefore B. However
C. Otherwise D. Meanwhile
解析:后面的陈述与前面的内容为转折关系。故选B。
答案:B
51. A. rather than B. better than
C. more than D. less than
解析:后面的“their treasured ones”与前面的“old, used, or unwanted things”形成了对比,指美国人捐献的不是他们珍视的东西。故选A。
答案:A
52. A. Importantly B. Obviously
C. Interestingly D. Luckily
解析:此处指作者的朋友讲了一件有趣的事情。importantly重要地;obviously明显地;interestingly有趣地;luckily幸运地。故选C。
答案:C
53. A. anything B. nothing
C. everything D. something
解析:此处指捐献也是西方人当然能做到的事情。在肯定句中用something。故选D。
答案:D
54. A. in B. by
C. for D. about
解析:by表示借助某种方式或手段。故选B。
答案:B
55. A. urgent B. efficient
C. important D. flexible
解析:与前面的actual physical possessions相对比,此处指time and attention这些更重要的东西。urgent紧急的,迫切的;efficient效率高的;important重要的;flexible灵活的。故选C。
答案:C
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sammy Armstrong was driving to his office 56. he noticed a car was stuck on railroad tracks. Then he heard a train whistle. Sammy 57. (stop) his car, put off his sunglasses and tried to figure out what was happening. 58. elderly man, Jean Papich, eighty-four, sat in the driver seat, turning the key and hitting the gas. His wife, Marion, seventy-eight, was looking 59. (nervous) at him. Then Sammy ran 60. the car and pushed it from behind, but his boots slipped on the warm asphalt(沥青). He could see the train approaching fast.
It might be 61. (easy) to push the car backwards than forwards, Sammy thought. He ran around to the front of the vehicle and urged Jean 62. (put) the car in neutral(空挡). Sammy could feel the ground trembling. He put his boots against the track and pushed forcefully. Finally, the car rolled off the tracks. When Sammy looked up, the train was just a couple of 63. (foot) away. Sammy, shocked and 64. (speech), went back to work as crowds gathered at the scene.
Weeks later, Marion called to thank Sammy. He responded, “I just did 65. I had to do.”
56. 解析:be doing ... when ...表示正在做某事时突然……。根据语境可知,该句想表达Sammy Armstrong正开车上班,突然发现一辆车被卡在了铁轨上。
答案:when
57. 解析:空格处与该句中的put off和tried对应,故此空填stop的过去式。
答案:stopped
58. 解析:man在文中第一次出现,且elderly的读音以元音音素开头,同时注意位于句首的首字母要大写。故应填不定冠词An。
答案:An
59. 解析:根据句子结构可知,此处用副词作状语,修饰前面的动词look。
答案:nervously
60. 解析:根据语境可知,此时Sammy朝那辆被卡在铁轨上的车子跑去,故用to/towards表示“朝……(的方向)”。
答案:to/towards
61. 解析:根据语境可知,向前推车不好推,所以他想向后面推可能更容易。
答案:easier
62. 解析:此处为动词不定式短语作宾语补足语。此处表示他催促老人挂空挡。
答案:to put
63. 解析:a couple of后面跟可数名词的复数形式,注意foot的复数形式为不规则变化。
答案:feet
64. 解析:由and可判断前后词性应一致,所填词应与shocked同为形容词,并且根据语境可知,当时Sammy既震惊又说不出话。
答案:speechless
65. 解析:分析句子结构可知,空处引导的从句作did的宾语,且空处在从句中充当do的宾语,故填what。
答案:what
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,请你给交换生Simon写一封邮件,邀请他参加学校成立的“环境卫士”志愿者小组。内容包括:
(1)介绍小组情况;
(2)活动时间及内容;
(3)期待对方加入。
注意:
(1)词数80左右;
(2)可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:环境卫士 Environment Guardian
答案:
Dear Simon,
I’m writing to invite you to join the Environment Guardian volunteer group in our school.
Our volunteer group was set up last year. Its aim is to carry out environmental protection activities and draw people’s attention to protecting the environment. We hold activities every weekend, including giving speeches about environmental protection and picking up rubbish in public places. I know you always want to do something to help protect the environment, so this is a good chance. I believe your joining will surely make our group more helpful.
Looking forward to your joining.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The worst tourist in the world may be Nicholas Scottie of San Francisco. Once he flew from the US to his hometown in Italy. He had some troubles on his journey. The night before, he stayed up late to deal with some emails, so when he boarded the plane he decided to have a sleep. Hours later, he was woken up by some noise and he found the plane had landed.
As he thought he had arrived home, Mr. Scottie got off the plane. He thought he was in Rome. However, the truth was that the plane made a one-hour stop to get oil at John F. Kennedy International Airport of New York.
Mr. Scottie waited at the airport for some while, but nobody was there to meet him. He thought maybe they were held up by heavy traffic which was very common in Rome. He decided to give his family a phone call. Unfortunately, he found he had left his cell phone at the hotel in San Francisco. Therefore, he decided to go home by himself. While he was walking in the city, Mr. Scottie found that the old “Rome” had changed a lot. Many old buildings were replaced by high modern ones. He also found that many people spoke English instead of Italian and that many street signs were written in English. What made him most surprised was that drivers’ awareness of traffic safety was improved and he hardly found any driver speeding on the road. All cars were driving in line. The condition was widely different from that in the past. He was feeling proud.
Mr. Scottie knew very little English, so he asked a policeman(in Italian) the way to the bus station. He happened to meet a policeman who was also born in Italy and answered him in the same language. Mr. Scottie thanked him, left, quickly found the bus station and got on a bus. He looked outside of the bus window.
注意:
(1)续写词数应为150左右;
(2)请按如下格式作答。
After twelve hours’ travelling round on a bus, Mr. Scottie thought to himself that Rome had changed so much that he even failed to find his home.
To get him on a plane back to San Francisco, he was sent to the airport in a police car with sirens(警报) on.
答案:
After twelve hours’ travelling round on a bus, Mr. Scottie thought to himself that Rome had changed so much that he even failed to find his home. The bus driver had to leave work and go home, so he handed Mr. Scottie over to another policeman. Mr. Scottie asked the policeman, “Sir, could you tell me why the police employ so many people speaking English instead of Italian as policemen ” The policeman smiled and said, “I’m sorry to tell you that you are in New York, but not Rome now.” However, Mr. Scottie did not believe he was in New York when he was told so.
To get him on a plane back to San Francisco, he was sent to the airport in a police car with sirens on. The driver was speeding on the road and didn’t stop even when the red light shone. Seeing how the driver drove on the road, Mr. Scottie was certain that he was in Rome because people in Rome usually drove in that way. “Look,” said Mr. Scottie to the policeman sitting beside him, “I’m sure that I’m in Rome. That’s how they drive.”
