2022届高考英语二轮复习：定语从句学案（含答案）
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“高考英语经典课程” 第八讲： 定语从句
兴趣导入：go ahead
一、 概念：
(1) 定语从句：在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧接在先行词后面。
(2) 先行词：被定语从句修饰的成份。
先行词可以为一个词，短语，或整个主句。
(3) 关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系词的作用：
A. 引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词；
B. 必在从句中作某个句子成份
C, 指代先行词
关系词 指代人或物 定语从句中充当的成分
关系代词 that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语
which 物或主句内容 主语、宾语
who 人 主语或宾语
whom 人 宾语
whose 人或物 定语
关系副词 when 时间 状语
where 地点 状语
why 原因 状语
定语从句三步曲：
第一找出先行词；
第二找出定语从句
第三看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；
关系代词
定语从句 区别 例句
限制性定语从句中 名词前有such和the same修饰时，关系代词用as,不能用which He is not such a fool as he looks.Don’t read such books as you can’t understand.
非限制性定语从句中 as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。如果有“正如，象”的含义，并可以放在主句前，也可以放在后面，那么用as；而which引导的从句只能放主句后，并无“正如”的意思。 They won the game, as we had expected.They won the game, which we hadn’t expected.As is well known, he is a famous film star in the1980s.
1）III. as与which的区别：
as\that\which
1. It is such a big stone _____ nobody can lift.
2. It is such a big stone _____ nobody can lift it.
3. ______ is known to all, he is the best student.
4. Jim passed the driving test, _____ surprised everybody in the office.
模拟训练 ：
1. He is such a lazy man_____ nobody wants to work with______.
A. as; him B. that; / C. as; / D. whom; him
2. Mrs. Black took the police back to____ place ____ she witnessed the robbery.
A. the same; as B. the same; where C. the same ; that D. as the same; as
2)区别 who whom whose
难点：whose: 属格，在从句中作定语，可指人也可指物。
“whose + 名词 = the + 名词 + of which”。
N1 + whose +N2 = N1, the N2 of which
Look out ! Don't get too close to the house _______ roof is under repair.
Look out ! Don't get too close to the house，the roof_______ is under repair.
A. whose B. which C. of which D. what
2、Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _______ was very reasonable.
Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, and _______ was very reasonable.
A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose
二， 介词+关系代词which/whom
This is the watch (which/that) I am looking for.
The babies (whom/who/that)the nurse is looking after are very healthy.
He loves his parents deeply, all of whom are very kind to him.
IV. 介词+关系代词引导定语从句的用法
关系代词在定语从句中做介词的宾语时，可用介词+关系代词（whom/which）引导定语从句
1. Do you like the book ___________she spent $10
2. Do you like the book ___________she paid $10
3. Do you like the book ___________ she learned a lot
4. Do you like the book ______________ she often talks
5. He built a telescope ______________ he could study the skies.
6. There is a tall tree outside, _____________ stands our teacher.
7. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest ___________ is the Yellow River.
8. The tower _____________ people can have a good view is on the hill.
9. The man ____________ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at writing.
10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most ________ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
11. He gave me some novels _____ ______ I am not very familiar.
12. I still remember the day ___ _____ I first got to Paris.
练习：
1)The plane in ______we flew to Canada was really comfortable.
A, which B, whom C, that
The man with ________you talked just now is my neighbor.
A, who B, whom C, that
(3）Wind power is an ancient source of energy ___ we may return in the near future.
A on which B by which C to which D from which
(4） By nine o'clock ,all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mountain Qomolangma . _____ appeared a rare rainbow soon.
A of which B on which C from which D above which
总结：介词的判定方法
A.依据定语从句中动词的某种习惯搭配
Mr. Smith bought a new house on which he spent all his money.
B.依据先行词的某种习惯搭配确定
There was no way in which it could be bought back to the earth. ( in this way)
C.根据所表达的意思确定
The gas with which doctors can save the patients is called oxygen.
The gas without which we can not live is called oxygen.
关系副词
注意：关系副词=介词+关系代词
When
I still remember the day ________________________
我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天
The time _____________________________finally arrived.
我们团聚的时刻终于到了
Gone are the days when...
Why
The reason why .....is that....
Please tell me the reason________________________.
请告诉我你误机的原因
The reason ___________________________is unknown to us.
他受惩罚的原因我们都不知道
Where
Is this the place ________you visited
Is this place ___________you visited
Is this the place _________you lived
A, where B, which C, the one D, one
ⅶ 一些特殊词之后的where
where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。
1. I’ve come to the point where I can’t stand him. 我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。
2. The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.
国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。
解析：如果定语从句分别修饰point, situation, part, condition和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where 引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中” 。Story dictionary
活学活用：
1.We are trying to reach a point ____ both sides will sit down together and talk.
A. which B. that C. where D. when
2. ---Do you have anything to say for yourself
---Yes, there’s one point ____ we must insist on .
A. why B. where C. how D. /
Great changes are taking place in the city ______they live.
The reason ___________he refused the invitation is quite clear.
ⅵ. the way用做先行词
填上合适的关系词并分析原因：
1. The way _________________he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.
2. The way _________________he explained to us was quite simple.
高考题链接：
3. What surprised me was not what he said but _____ he said it. （04湖北）
A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which
The way ______he answered the questions was surprising.
A, / B, which C, that D, in which
V. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别：
类别 语法意义及特征 例句
限制性定语从句 对先行词起修饰限制作用，如果去掉，主句意思就不完整明确，这种从句与主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。 The accident happened at the time when I left.
非限制性定语从句 对先行词作附加的说明，与主句的关系不十分密切，较松散。从句和主句之间用逗号分开，相当于一个插入语，不能用that引导，关系代词做宾语时也不能省略。 His mother, whom he loved deeply, died ten years ago.
牛刀小试：
1. This is the school _____ Mr. Smith once taught.
A. in that B. when C. where D. there
2. Have you visited the house _____ the famous scientist was born
A. where B. in that C. that D. which
3. The factory _____ Mr. Li used to work was closed last week.
A. when B. where C. that D. which
4. Do you still remember the day _____ we first met
A. that B. when C. what D. on that
5. The time _____ we studied together is not easily forgotten.
A. at what B. when C. that D. where
6. October 1,1949 is the day _____ we’ll never forget.
A. when B. that C. where D. in which
7. October 1,1949 was the day _____ the People’s Republic of China was founded.
A. which B. when C. where D. in which
8. Is this the shop _____ sells children’s clothing
A. which B. where C. in which D. what
9. Is this museum _____ they visited last month
A. that B. which C. where D. the one
10. I still remember the sitting-room _____ my mother and I used to sit in the evening.
A. what B. which C. that D. where
11.The rapid development of communication technology is transforming the manner ____people communicate across time and space
A, in which B. when C. where D. whose
12.China is the birthplace of kites,____ kite--flying spread to Japan, Korea and India.
A. from that B. from here C. from there D. from which
课后反思：
巩固练习1
1. October 1,1949 is the day _____ we’ll never forget.
A. when B. that C. where
October 1, 1949 was the day _____ the People’s Republic of China was founded.
A. which B. when C. where
3. Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment ________ they live.
A. what B. which C. when D. where
4. Finally he reached a lonely island ________ was completely cut off from the outside world.
A. when B. where C. which D. whom
5.The prize will go to the writer ________ story shows the most imagination.
A. that B. which C.whose D. what
巩固练习2
1.He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows ,most of_______ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
A. these B. those C. that D. which
2.Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should work hard , but ______ didn’t help.
A. he B. which C. she D. it
3. The weather turned out to be very good, ______ was more than we could expect.
A. what B. which C. that D. it
4. Carol said the work would be done by October, ______ personally I doubt very much.
A. it B. that C. when D. which
5. These houses are sold at such a low price _______ people expected.
A. like B. as C. that D. which
6. Recently I bought an ancient vase, ___ was very reasonable.
A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of those
7. John said he’d been working in the office for an hour, _______ was true.
A．he B．this C．which D．who
8. Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, ______ I will always treasure.
A that B one C it D which
9.Alec asked the policeman _____he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.
A with him B who C with whom D whom
10.______ has been announced , we shall have our final exams next month.
A. That B. As C. It D. What
11.The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but _______ didn’t help.
A．it B．she C．which D．he
12. Recently I bought an ancient vase, ___ was very reasonable.
A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of those
13.The professor and her achievement __ you told me about are admired by us all.
A. who B. which C. that D. whom
14. Mr. Jones, __ John was working, was very generous about overtime payment.
A. for whom B. for who C. whom D. for that
15--where did you get to know the professor over there
--- It was at the workshop _____we did research together two years ago.
A that B there C which D where
16. Until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children, ______ is quite unexpected.
A. that B. which C. who D. it
拓展训练
My husband, Tom, has always been good with animals, but I was still amazed when he befriended a female grouse (松鸡). It's 11 for a grouse to have any contact (接触) with people. In fact, they're hard to spot, 12 they usually fly off when they hear humans approaching.
This grouse came into our lives in 13 .Tom was working out in the field when he 14 her walking around at the edge of the field. She was 15 unafraid and seemed to be 16 about what he was doing.
Tom saw the 17 bird several times, and she got more comfortable around him. We quickly grew 18 of the bird and decided to call her Mildred.
One day, as Tom was working, Mildred came within a few feet of him to watch. Tom 19 he didn't see her and kept working to see what she would do next.
Apparently, she didn't like to be 20 . She'd run up and peck (啄) at Tom's hands, then 21 off to see what he would do. This went on for about 20 minutes, until Mildred became tired of the 22 and left.
As spring went and summer came, Mildred started to 23 more and more often. 24 Mildred felt comfortable enough to jump up on Tom's leg and stay long enough for me to get a 25 of the two of them together. This friendly grouse soon felt 26 not just with our family, but with anybody who walked or drove by.
When hunting season opened, we put a 27 at the end of our driveway asking 28 not to shoot our pet grouse. My father, who lived down the road, 29 warned people not to shoot her. 30 , hunters would stop and take pictures, because they had never seen anything like her.
11. A. interesting B. reasonable C. impossible D. unusual
12. A. though B. because C. unless D. until
13. A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. winter
14. A. got B. kept C. noticed D. imagined
15. A. naturally B. certainly C. normally D. surprisingly
16. A. crazy B. curious C. concerned D. cautious
17. A. shy B. awkward C. friendly D. elegant
18. A. careful B. tired C. fond D. sick
19. A. supposed B. realized C. hoped D. pretended
20. A. ignored B. observed C. amazed D. disturbed
21. A. put B. back C. set D. take
22. A. game B. work C. place D. man
23. A. give up B. come out C. turn over D. fly by
24. A. Eventually B. Suddenly C. Constantly D. Presently
25. A. chance B. dream C. picture D. sense
26. A. comfortable B. guilty C. anxious D. familiar
27. A. lantern B. sign C. gun D. loudspeaker
28. A. drivers B. farmers C. hunters D. tourists
29. A. just B. yet C. thus D. also
30. A. In fact B. For long C. On the contrary D. By the way
二、根据句子意思，用介词＋关系代词whom或which 完成下列句子.
1. The person ________ ________ I spoke just now is the manager that I told you about.
2. The pencil ________ ________ he was writing broke.
3. Wu Dong, ________ ________ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.
4. The two things ________ ________ Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.
5. Her bag, ________ ________ she put all her books, has not been found.
6. The stories about the Long March, ________ ________ this is one example, are well written.
短文改错
I’m glad to write to you. It is nearly a month since you had left our hospital. I’m still worried about you. How are you get along these days I think you may be more better now, but you’d better have a good rest and take good care of yourselves since you are sixty-year-old man. I still remember those days which you helped me to my English. With your help, I make good progress. But to my regret, my English remains very poor because I have made good use of my time. Can you give me some advices on it
语法填空（共10题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16—25的相应位置上。
Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said_16_____ was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we had planned for months. When the day came, we were ready.
After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months__17____ （early）, but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We 18_____（tell）that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week, 19_____ for the week after. I didn’t understand 20____ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged______ the reservation. What’s worse, the hotel had been fully booked. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was 22_____（surprise）helpful. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on 23_____ top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren’t charged extra.
The next day, my brother and I went to the beach 24____ we watched some people play volleyball. We got a little_____（sunburn），but the day had been so relaxing that we didn’t mind.
阅读长难句分析----定语从句
A
My color television has given me nothing but a headache. I was able to buy it a little over a year ago because I had my relatives give me money for my birthday instead of a lot of clothes that wouldn’t fit. I let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model. I realized this a day late, when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventy-five dollars less than I had paid. The set worked so beautifully when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations signed off for the night. Fortunately, I didn’t got any channels showing all-night movies or I would never have gotten to bed.
Then I started developing a problem with the set that involved static(静电) noise. For some reason, when certain shows switched into a commercial, a loud noise would sound for a few seconds. Gradually, this noise began to appear during a show, and to get rid of it, I had to change to another channel and then change it back. Sometimes this technique would not work, and I had to pick up the set and shake it to remove the sound. I actually began to build up my arm muscles(肌肉) shaking my set.
When neither of these methods removed the static noise, I would sit helplessly and wait for the noise to go away. At last I ended up hitting the set with my fist, and it stopped working altogether. My trip to the repair shop cost me $62, and the set is working well now, but I keep expecting more trouble.
( )1. Why did the author say he was fooled into buying the TV set
A. He got an older model than he had expected.C. He could have bought it at a lower price. B. He couldn’t return it when it was broken.D. He failed to find any movie shows on it.
( )2. Which of the following can best replace the phrase “signed off” in Paragraph 1
A. ended all their programsC. changed to commercials B. provided fewer channelsD. showed all-night movies
( )3. How did the author finally get his TV set working again
A. By shaking and hitting it.C. By switching channels. B. By turning it on and off.D. By having it repaired.
( )4. How does the author sound when telling the story
A. Curious. B. Anxious. C. Cautious. D. Humorous.
B
Your house may have an effect on your figure. Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off. You can make your environment work for you instead of against you. Here are some ways to turn your home into part of diet plan.
Open the curtains and turn up the lights. Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating, for people are often less self-conscious(难为情) when they’re in poorly lit places---and so more likely to eat lots of food. If your home doesn’t have enough window light, get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.
Mind the colors. Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites. In one study, people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room. Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing, while cold colors make us feel less hungry. So when it’s time to repaint, go blue.
Don’t forget the clock-or the radio. People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories(卡路里) per meal than those who rush through their meals. Begin keeping track of the time, and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes. And while you’re at it, actually sit down to eat. If you need some help slowing down, turn on relaxing music. It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.
Downsize the dishes. Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat. We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12-inch plate instead of a 10-inch plate. When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one, total intake(摄入) jumps by 14 percent. And we’ll pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short, wide glass than a tall, skinny glass.
( )5. The text is especially helpful for those who care about __________.
A. their home comfortsC. house buying B. their body shapeD. healthy diets
( )6. A home environment in blue can help people __________.
A. digest food betterC. burn more calories B. reduce food intakeD. regain their appetites
( )7. What are people advised to do at mealtimes
A. Eat quickly.C. Use smaller spoons. B. Play fast music.D. Turn down the lights.
( )8. What can be a suitable title for the test
A. Is Your House Making You Fat C. Effects of Self-Consciousness B. Ways of Serving DinnerD. Is Your Home Environment Relaxing
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The adobe dwellings(土坯房) 41.__________(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 42.__________ most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 43.__________(able) to “air condition” a house without 44.__________(use) electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 45.__________(slow) during cool nights, thus warning the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 46.__________(cool) the house during the hot day: 47.__________ the same time, they warm up again for the night This cycle 48.__________(go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset(抵消) for the outside temperatures. As 49.__________(nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 50.__________ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
短文改错
What can we prevent ourselves from getting low scores in exams Here , one of our teacher gives us some useful suggestions.
It’s important to have a correct attitude towards exams, which purpose is to see how we’re getting on with our study. So it is no need to worry about the results.
Before exams, control our test anxiety by listening some light music. Besides, learning from the past-exam mistakes is also a effective way. While taking exams, we’d better plan your time careful, Spare a few minutes to check that what we had done to avoid silly mistakes.
作文长难句分析及仿写：
来源：2019高考全国卷1D篇
原句：During the rosy years of elementary school（小学）, I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status.
关键点：首段首句，32题答案出处
长难句类型：非限制定语从句
主语：
谓语：
宾语：
A.句子主干
B.翻译
C.重点词汇
D.高级句子仿写4
自从在小学时，我说英语很流利，这让我几乎无困难与外国人交流。（定语从句和状语从句）
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
如果我被接纳，我可以介绍一些中国画技能给参观者，这有助于他们更加了解我们的中国文化。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
定语从句专练
1.I had a concert ticket for a show that I couldn't attend it.
【答案】将attend后的it去掉
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：我有一张演出的票，我不能去看。在定语从句中that已经指代了show，所以不需要用it。故将it去掉。
2.Senior family members, especially parents, should create an atmosphere ________ children can be encouraged to pour out their heart happily.
A. that B. where C. what D. which
【答案】B
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：家庭长辈，尤其是父母，应该营造一种氛围，鼓励孩子们快乐地倾诉心声。分析可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词atmosphere，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用where引导。故选B项。
3.Learning another language is like stepping out of a door, ______I can look back and see more clearly my own language.
A．By which B．through which C．which D．on which
【答案】B
【解析】
考查定语从句和介词辨析。句意：学习另外一种语言就好像跨出了一扇房门，通过它，我可以回顾并且更加清楚地明白自己的语言。分析可知，空格处引导定语从句，根据句意可知，通过这扇门，先行词door做through“通过”的宾语，指物，用冠词代词which，by表示方式，on“在……上面”不符合句意，故选B。
4.You may think of giving up study, in ____________ case just think it over before making the decision.
A. that B. which C. whose D. where
【答案】B
【解析】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：你可能会考虑放弃学习，在那种情况下，好好想想再做决定。分析句子可知，此句为非限制性定语从句，此空位于介词“in”后面，指代主句“You may think of giving up study”，应用关系代词“which”。故选B项。
5.________ is widely accepted, in the Middle East Arabs greet each other by touching noses, but this is not a polite way of greeting in other cultures.
A. As B. It C. Which D. What
【答案】A
【解析】
考查as引导的非限制性定语从句。句意：在中东，阿拉伯人通过互摸鼻子来打招呼，这在其他文化中是不礼貌的。分析可知，________ is widely accepted在句中为定语从句，从句缺少主语，指代整个句子“in the Middle East Arabs greet each other by touching noses”，结合选项，as和which都可以指代整个句子，在引导非限制性定语从句时，which引导的非限制性定语从句置于主句之后，as引导的从句则可以置于句首。故选A。
6.Go for a walk in the countryside, you can enjoy the beautiful views and a peaceful atmosphere.
A. when B. which C. where D. what
【答案】C
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：去乡村散步，在那里你可以欣赏美丽风景和宁静的气氛。分析句子可知，逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词为the countryside（地点名词），关系词在从句中充当地点状语，应用关系副词where。故选C项。
7.I think you've got to the point________ a change is needed, otherwise you'll fail.
A. when B. where C. that D. which
【答案】B
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：我认为你已经到了需要改变的地步，否则你会失败的。分析可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰的先行词为地点名词the point，且引导词在从句中做地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故选B项。
8.Swimming is good for teenagers, ________ some experts say will help them to stimulate their potential and promote their brain development.
A. which B. why C. Whom D. what
【答案】A
【解析】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：游泳对青少年有好处，一些专家说，这将帮助他们激发潜能，促进他们的大脑发展。分析句子成分可知，“________ some experts say will help them to….”为非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句“Swimming is good for teenagers(游泳对青少年有好处)”，所设空处可译为“这件事/这一点”，并在该句中充当宾语从句中的主语，故应用which，故选A。
9.Sales director is a position________ communication ability is just as important as sales.
A. which B. where C. when D. why
【答案】B
【解析】
考查定语从句的关系词。句意：销售经理是一个职位,在这个职位上,交流能力和销售能力一样重要。分析句子可知，本句为限制性定语从句，position 为先行词，在定语从句中作地点状语，关系副词为where。故选B。
10.Children, in my opinion,____creative ability is unbelievably rich, should be trained in that area.
A. which B. what C. who D. whose
【答案】D
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：在我看来，孩子们的创造能力丰富得令人难以置信，应该在这个领域进行训练。A. which先行词是人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；B. what引导名词性从句，在从句中作主语或宾语；C. who先行词是人，在从句中作主语或宾语；D. whose先行词是人或物，在从句中作定语。分析句子结构，结合句意可知，“____creative ability is unbelievably rich”在名词Children后面作修饰成分，是非限制性定语从句，又因先行词Children和creative ability之间是所属关系，关系词在从句中作定语，用whose引导该从句。故选D。
11.Communication technology has entered the 5G era,________will surely bring great changes to our life.
A. when B. what C. which D. where
【答案】C
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：通信技术已经进入了5G时代，这必将给我们的生活带来巨大的变化。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，从句中缺少主语，故应用关系代词which引导。故选C。
12.My mother is the busiest person in the family, which always has a lot of housework to do.
【答案】which→who
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意同上。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词my mother，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导。故将which改为who。
13.I have a pet cat, which name is Lucky. She has white hair and two big eyes.
【答案】which→whose
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：我有一只宠物猫，名字叫Lucky。分析句子结构可知，此句为定语从句，先行词cat在从句中作名词name的定语，故将which改为whose。
14.Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, ________ the audience can buy ice cream.
A. when B. where
C. that D. which
【答案】A
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：在音乐会两部分之间有间隙时间，那个时候观众可以买冰激凌。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为interval(幕间休息)，连接词在定语从句中做时间状语，应使用关系副词when引导。故选A。
15.In the dark street, they wasn’t a single person, _______ she could turn for help.
A. to whom B. whom C. to which D. which
【答案】A
【解析】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：在黑暗的街道上，没有一个人是她可以求助的。分析可知，“_______ she could turn for help”应是之前名词“a single person”的非限制性定语从句，将先行词还原，从句应是：she could turn to a single person for help，其中，turn to sb. for help，固定短语，“向某人求助”，因此先行词在从句中作to的宾语，应用关系代词whom，从句中缺少固定短语介词“to”，可将其放置whom前，构成“介词+关系代词”结构引导从句，即to whom。故选A项。
16.We live in this society now __________ actually someone is always helping.
A. when B. where C. that D. what
【答案】B
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：我们现在生活的社会里，总有人在帮忙。分析题意，空格处引导定语从句从句部分缺状语，故此处的关系词应用关系副词。定语从句的先行词为“society”，表示地点，故用关系副词where。故选B项。
17.We will always remember the moment _______ my classmate Li Chong crossed the finish line.
A. when B. where C. that D. whose
【答案】A
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：我们将永远记得我的同学李冲冲过终点线的那一刻。此处为定语从句修饰先行词moment ，且先行词在从句中作时间状语，故应用关系副词when引导 。故选A。
18."The thirst for knowledge is the strongest __________ there is a barrier," says the president of the ltalian Union of the Blind．
A. which B. where C. since D. unless
【答案】B
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：意大利盲人联盟的总统说:“在有障碍的地方，对知识的渴望是最强的。”分析句子可知，主句the strongest后省略了place，并且__________ there is a barrier为定语从句，修饰先行词place，关系词在从句中做地点状语，应用where。故选B。
19.Between the two halves of the football game is a 15-minute break, __________ the audience can have a rest．
A. when B. where C. which D. that
【答案】A
【解析】
考查定语从句的引导词。句意：足球比赛两半场之间有15分钟的休息时间，观众可以休息。分析句子可知__________ the audience can have a rest为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词break，关系词在从句中做时间状语，用when。故选A。
20.After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling，______ turned out to be a wise decision.
A. that B. which
C. when D. where
【答案】B
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：大学毕业之后，我花了些时间去旅游，结果证明是明智的选择。句中which引导非限定性定语从句，指代前面一件事，在从句中做主语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故选B。
21.I can’t help but remember the precious child ______ smile has brought me countless hours of joy throughout the years.
A. whose B. who C. whom D. of which
【答案】A
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：我不禁想起那个可爱的孩子，多年来，她/他的微笑给我带来了很多欢乐。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是child，关系词代替它在从句中充当smile的定语，应用关系代词whose。故选A。
22.Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet life has developed gradually.
A. that B. where
C. which D. whose
【答案】B
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：Stephen Hawking认为地球不可能是生命逐渐发展的唯一星球。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是the only planet，定语从句缺少地点状语，用where引导定语从句，故选B。
23.There was a long wait at the reception desk, ______ everyone was checking in.
A. why B. which C. whom D. where
【答案】D
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：接待处前排起了常常的队伍，每个人都在登记。分析句子的可知，the reception desk为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，所以关系副词为where。故选D项。
24.The 2020 China International Fair for Trade in services, ______ theme is “Global Services, Shared Prosperity”, attracted worldwide attention.
A. its B. whose C. which D. where
【答案】B
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：以“全球服务，共享繁荣”为主题的2020年中国国际服务贸易博览会吸引了全世界的关注。分析句子可知，两个逗号之间为定语从句，先行词为名词短语The 2020 China International Fair for Trade in services，空格处应用关系代词whose修饰名词theme，引导从句，意为“某人或某物的”此处指“洽谈会的（主题）”作定语。故选B项。
25.Self-driving is an area _______ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
A. that B. where
C. which D. when
【答案】B
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：无人驾驶是一个中国和世界其它国家都在同一起跑线的领域。句中先行词为area，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，相当于in which。故选B。
16
兴趣导入：go ahead
一、 概念：
(1) 定语从句：在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧接在先行词后面。
(2) 先行词：被定语从句修饰的成份。
先行词可以为一个词，短语，或整个主句。
(3) 关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系词的作用：
A. 引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词；
B. 必在从句中作某个句子成份
C, 指代先行词
关系词 指代人或物 定语从句中充当的成分
关系代词 that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语
which 物或主句内容 主语、宾语
who 人 主语或宾语
whom 人 宾语
whose 人或物 定语
关系副词 when 时间 状语
where 地点 状语
why 原因 状语
定语从句三步曲：
第一找出先行词；
第二找出定语从句
第三看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；
关系代词
定语从句 区别 例句
限制性定语从句中 名词前有such和the same修饰时，关系代词用as,不能用which He is not such a fool as he looks.Don’t read such books as you can’t understand.
非限制性定语从句中 as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。如果有“正如，象”的含义，并可以放在主句前，也可以放在后面，那么用as；而which引导的从句只能放主句后，并无“正如”的意思。 They won the game, as we had expected.They won the game, which we hadn’t expected.As is well known, he is a famous film star in the1980s.
1）III. as与which的区别：
as\that\which
1. It is such a big stone _____ nobody can lift.
2. It is such a big stone _____ nobody can lift it.
3. ______ is known to all, he is the best student.
4. Jim passed the driving test, _____ surprised everybody in the office.
模拟训练 ：
1. He is such a lazy man_____ nobody wants to work with______.
A. as; him B. that; / C. as; / D. whom; him
2. Mrs. Black took the police back to____ place ____ she witnessed the robbery.
A. the same; as B. the same; where C. the same ; that D. as the same; as
2)区别 who whom whose
难点：whose: 属格，在从句中作定语，可指人也可指物。
“whose + 名词 = the + 名词 + of which”。
N1 + whose +N2 = N1, the N2 of which
Look out ! Don't get too close to the house _______ roof is under repair.
Look out ! Don't get too close to the house，the roof_______ is under repair.
A. whose B. which C. of which D. what
2、Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _______ was very reasonable.
Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, and _______ was very reasonable.
A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose
二， 介词+关系代词which/whom
This is the watch (which/that) I am looking for.
The babies (whom/who/that)the nurse is looking after are very healthy.
He loves his parents deeply, all of whom are very kind to him.
IV. 介词+关系代词引导定语从句的用法
关系代词在定语从句中做介词的宾语时，可用介词+关系代词（whom/which）引导定语从句
1. Do you like the book ___________she spent $10
2. Do you like the book ___________she paid $10
3. Do you like the book ___________ she learned a lot
4. Do you like the book ______________ she often talks
5. He built a telescope ______________ he could study the skies.
6. There is a tall tree outside, _____________ stands our teacher.
7. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest ___________ is the Yellow River.
8. The tower _____________ people can have a good view is on the hill.
9. The man ____________ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at writing.
10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most ________ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
11. He gave me some novels _____ ______ I am not very familiar.
12. I still remember the day ___ _____ I first got to Paris.
练习：
1)The plane in ______we flew to Canada was really comfortable.
A, which B, whom C, that
The man with ________you talked just now is my neighbor.
A, who B, whom C, that
(3）Wind power is an ancient source of energy ___ we may return in the near future.
A on which B by which C to which D from which
(4） By nine o'clock ,all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mountain Qomolangma . _____ appeared a rare rainbow soon.
A of which B on which C from which D above which
总结：介词的判定方法
A.依据定语从句中动词的某种习惯搭配
Mr. Smith bought a new house on which he spent all his money.
B.依据先行词的某种习惯搭配确定
There was no way in which it could be bought back to the earth. ( in this way)
C.根据所表达的意思确定
The gas with which doctors can save the patients is called oxygen.
The gas without which we can not live is called oxygen.
关系副词
注意：关系副词=介词+关系代词
When
I still remember the day ________________________
我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天
The time _____________________________finally arrived.
我们团聚的时刻终于到了
Gone are the days when...
Why
The reason why .....is that....
Please tell me the reason________________________.
请告诉我你误机的原因
The reason ___________________________is unknown to us.
他受惩罚的原因我们都不知道
Where
Is this the place ________you visited
Is this place ___________you visited
Is this the place _________you lived
A, where B, which C, the one D, one
ⅶ 一些特殊词之后的where
where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。
1. I’ve come to the point where I can’t stand him. 我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。
2. The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.
国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。
解析：如果定语从句分别修饰point, situation, part, condition和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where 引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中” 。Story dictionary
活学活用：
1.We are trying to reach a point ____ both sides will sit down together and talk.
A. which B. that C. where D. when
2. ---Do you have anything to say for yourself
---Yes, there’s one point ____ we must insist on .
A. why B. where C. how D. /
Great changes are taking place in the city ______they live.
The reason ___________he refused the invitation is quite clear.
ⅵ. the way用做先行词
填上合适的关系词并分析原因：
1. The way _________________he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.
2. The way _________________he explained to us was quite simple.
高考题链接：
3. What surprised me was not what he said but _____ he said it. （04湖北）
A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which
The way ______he answered the questions was surprising.
A, / B, which C, that D, in which
V. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别：
类别 语法意义及特征 例句
限制性定语从句 对先行词起修饰限制作用，如果去掉，主句意思就不完整明确，这种从句与主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。 The accident happened at the time when I left.
非限制性定语从句 对先行词作附加的说明，与主句的关系不十分密切，较松散。从句和主句之间用逗号分开，相当于一个插入语，不能用that引导，关系代词做宾语时也不能省略。 His mother, whom he loved deeply, died ten years ago.
牛刀小试：
1. This is the school _____ Mr. Smith once taught.
A. in that B. when C. where D. there
2. Have you visited the house _____ the famous scientist was born
A. where B. in that C. that D. which
3. The factory _____ Mr. Li used to work was closed last week.
A. when B. where C. that D. which
4. Do you still remember the day _____ we first met
A. that B. when C. what D. on that
5. The time _____ we studied together is not easily forgotten.
A. at what B. when C. that D. where
6. October 1,1949 is the day _____ we’ll never forget.
A. when B. that C. where D. in which
7. October 1,1949 was the day _____ the People’s Republic of China was founded.
A. which B. when C. where D. in which
8. Is this the shop _____ sells children’s clothing
A. which B. where C. in which D. what
9. Is this museum _____ they visited last month
A. that B. which C. where D. the one
10. I still remember the sitting-room _____ my mother and I used to sit in the evening.
A. what B. which C. that D. where
11.The rapid development of communication technology is transforming the manner ____people communicate across time and space
A, in which B. when C. where D. whose
12.China is the birthplace of kites,____ kite--flying spread to Japan, Korea and India.
A. from that B. from here C. from there D. from which
课后反思：
巩固练习1
1. October 1,1949 is the day _____ we’ll never forget.
A. when B. that C. where
October 1, 1949 was the day _____ the People’s Republic of China was founded.
A. which B. when C. where
3. Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment ________ they live.
A. what B. which C. when D. where
4. Finally he reached a lonely island ________ was completely cut off from the outside world.
A. when B. where C. which D. whom
5.The prize will go to the writer ________ story shows the most imagination.
A. that B. which C.whose D. what
巩固练习2
1.He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows ,most of_______ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
A. these B. those C. that D. which
2.Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should work hard , but ______ didn’t help.
A. he B. which C. she D. it
3. The weather turned out to be very good, ______ was more than we could expect.
A. what B. which C. that D. it
4. Carol said the work would be done by October, ______ personally I doubt very much.
A. it B. that C. when D. which
5. These houses are sold at such a low price _______ people expected.
A. like B. as C. that D. which
6. Recently I bought an ancient vase, ___ was very reasonable.
A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of those
7. John said he’d been working in the office for an hour, _______ was true.
A．he B．this C．which D．who
8. Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, ______ I will always treasure.
A that B one C it D which
9.Alec asked the policeman _____he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.
A with him B who C with whom D whom
10.______ has been announced , we shall have our final exams next month.
A. That B. As C. It D. What
11.The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but _______ didn’t help.
A．it B．she C．which D．he
12. Recently I bought an ancient vase, ___ was very reasonable.
A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of those
13.The professor and her achievement __ you told me about are admired by us all.
A. who B. which C. that D. whom
14. Mr. Jones, __ John was working, was very generous about overtime payment.
A. for whom B. for who C. whom D. for that
15--where did you get to know the professor over there
--- It was at the workshop _____we did research together two years ago.
A that B there C which D where
16. Until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children, ______ is quite unexpected.
A. that B. which C. who D. it
拓展训练
My husband, Tom, has always been good with animals, but I was still amazed when he befriended a female grouse (松鸡). It's 11 for a grouse to have any contact (接触) with people. In fact, they're hard to spot, 12 they usually fly off when they hear humans approaching.
This grouse came into our lives in 13 .Tom was working out in the field when he 14 her walking around at the edge of the field. She was 15 unafraid and seemed to be 16 about what he was doing.
Tom saw the 17 bird several times, and she got more comfortable around him. We quickly grew 18 of the bird and decided to call her Mildred.
One day, as Tom was working, Mildred came within a few feet of him to watch. Tom 19 he didn't see her and kept working to see what she would do next.
Apparently, she didn't like to be 20 . She'd run up and peck (啄) at Tom's hands, then 21 off to see what he would do. This went on for about 20 minutes, until Mildred became tired of the 22 and left.
As spring went and summer came, Mildred started to 23 more and more often. 24 Mildred felt comfortable enough to jump up on Tom's leg and stay long enough for me to get a 25 of the two of them together. This friendly grouse soon felt 26 not just with our family, but with anybody who walked or drove by.
When hunting season opened, we put a 27 at the end of our driveway asking 28 not to shoot our pet grouse. My father, who lived down the road, 29 warned people not to shoot her. 30 , hunters would stop and take pictures, because they had never seen anything like her.
11. A. interesting B. reasonable C. impossible D. unusual
12. A. though B. because C. unless D. until
13. A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. winter
14. A. got B. kept C. noticed D. imagined
15. A. naturally B. certainly C. normally D. surprisingly
16. A. crazy B. curious C. concerned D. cautious
17. A. shy B. awkward C. friendly D. elegant
18. A. careful B. tired C. fond D. sick
19. A. supposed B. realized C. hoped D. pretended
20. A. ignored B. observed C. amazed D. disturbed
21. A. put B. back C. set D. take
22. A. game B. work C. place D. man
23. A. give up B. come out C. turn over D. fly by
24. A. Eventually B. Suddenly C. Constantly D. Presently
25. A. chance B. dream C. picture D. sense
26. A. comfortable B. guilty C. anxious D. familiar
27. A. lantern B. sign C. gun D. loudspeaker
28. A. drivers B. farmers C. hunters D. tourists
29. A. just B. yet C. thus D. also
30. A. In fact B. For long C. On the contrary D. By the way
二、根据句子意思，用介词＋关系代词whom或which 完成下列句子.
1. The person ________ ________ I spoke just now is the manager that I told you about.
2. The pencil ________ ________ he was writing broke.
3. Wu Dong, ________ ________ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.
4. The two things ________ ________ Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.
5. Her bag, ________ ________ she put all her books, has not been found.
6. The stories about the Long March, ________ ________ this is one example, are well written.
短文改错
I’m glad to write to you. It is nearly a month since you had left our hospital. I’m still worried about you. How are you get along these days I think you may be more better now, but you’d better have a good rest and take good care of yourselves since you are sixty-year-old man. I still remember those days which you helped me to my English. With your help, I make good progress. But to my regret, my English remains very poor because I have made good use of my time. Can you give me some advices on it
语法填空（共10题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16—25的相应位置上。
Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said_16_____ was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we had planned for months. When the day came, we were ready.
After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months__17____ （early）, but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We 18_____（tell）that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week, 19_____ for the week after. I didn’t understand 20____ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged______ the reservation. What’s worse, the hotel had been fully booked. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was 22_____（surprise）helpful. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on 23_____ top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren’t charged extra.
The next day, my brother and I went to the beach 24____ we watched some people play volleyball. We got a little_____（sunburn），but the day had been so relaxing that we didn’t mind.
阅读长难句分析----定语从句
A
My color television has given me nothing but a headache. I was able to buy it a little over a year ago because I had my relatives give me money for my birthday instead of a lot of clothes that wouldn’t fit. I let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model. I realized this a day late, when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventy-five dollars less than I had paid. The set worked so beautifully when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations signed off for the night. Fortunately, I didn’t got any channels showing all-night movies or I would never have gotten to bed.
Then I started developing a problem with the set that involved static(静电) noise. For some reason, when certain shows switched into a commercial, a loud noise would sound for a few seconds. Gradually, this noise began to appear during a show, and to get rid of it, I had to change to another channel and then change it back. Sometimes this technique would not work, and I had to pick up the set and shake it to remove the sound. I actually began to build up my arm muscles(肌肉) shaking my set.
When neither of these methods removed the static noise, I would sit helplessly and wait for the noise to go away. At last I ended up hitting the set with my fist, and it stopped working altogether. My trip to the repair shop cost me $62, and the set is working well now, but I keep expecting more trouble.
( )1. Why did the author say he was fooled into buying the TV set
A. He got an older model than he had expected.C. He could have bought it at a lower price. B. He couldn’t return it when it was broken.D. He failed to find any movie shows on it.
( )2. Which of the following can best replace the phrase “signed off” in Paragraph 1
A. ended all their programsC. changed to commercials B. provided fewer channelsD. showed all-night movies
( )3. How did the author finally get his TV set working again
A. By shaking and hitting it.C. By switching channels. B. By turning it on and off.D. By having it repaired.
( )4. How does the author sound when telling the story
A. Curious. B. Anxious. C. Cautious. D. Humorous.
B
Your house may have an effect on your figure. Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off. You can make your environment work for you instead of against you. Here are some ways to turn your home into part of diet plan.
Open the curtains and turn up the lights. Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating, for people are often less self-conscious(难为情) when they’re in poorly lit places---and so more likely to eat lots of food. If your home doesn’t have enough window light, get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.
Mind the colors. Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites. In one study, people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room. Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing, while cold colors make us feel less hungry. So when it’s time to repaint, go blue.
Don’t forget the clock-or the radio. People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories(卡路里) per meal than those who rush through their meals. Begin keeping track of the time, and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes. And while you’re at it, actually sit down to eat. If you need some help slowing down, turn on relaxing music. It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.
Downsize the dishes. Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat. We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12-inch plate instead of a 10-inch plate. When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one, total intake(摄入) jumps by 14 percent. And we’ll pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short, wide glass than a tall, skinny glass.
( )5. The text is especially helpful for those who care about __________.
A. their home comfortsC. house buying B. their body shapeD. healthy diets
( )6. A home environment in blue can help people __________.
A. digest food betterC. burn more calories B. reduce food intakeD. regain their appetites
( )7. What are people advised to do at mealtimes
A. Eat quickly.C. Use smaller spoons. B. Play fast music.D. Turn down the lights.
( )8. What can be a suitable title for the test
A. Is Your House Making You Fat C. Effects of Self-Consciousness B. Ways of Serving DinnerD. Is Your Home Environment Relaxing
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The adobe dwellings(土坯房) 41.__________(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 42.__________ most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 43.__________(able) to “air condition” a house without 44.__________(use) electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 45.__________(slow) during cool nights, thus warning the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 46.__________(cool) the house during the hot day: 47.__________ the same time, they warm up again for the night This cycle 48.__________(go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset(抵消) for the outside temperatures. As 49.__________(nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 50.__________ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
短文改错
What can we prevent ourselves from getting low scores in exams Here , one of our teacher gives us some useful suggestions.
It’s important to have a correct attitude towards exams, which purpose is to see how we’re getting on with our study. So it is no need to worry about the results.
Before exams, control our test anxiety by listening some light music. Besides, learning from the past-exam mistakes is also a effective way. While taking exams, we’d better plan your time careful, Spare a few minutes to check that what we had done to avoid silly mistakes.
作文长难句分析及仿写：
来源：2019高考全国卷1D篇
原句：During the rosy years of elementary school（小学）, I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status.
关键点：首段首句，32题答案出处
长难句类型：非限制定语从句
主语：
谓语：
宾语：
A.句子主干
B.翻译
C.重点词汇
D.高级句子仿写4
自从在小学时，我说英语很流利，这让我几乎无困难与外国人交流。（定语从句和状语从句）
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
如果我被接纳，我可以介绍一些中国画技能给参观者，这有助于他们更加了解我们的中国文化。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
定语从句专练
1.I had a concert ticket for a show that I couldn't attend it.
【答案】将attend后的it去掉
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：我有一张演出的票，我不能去看。在定语从句中that已经指代了show，所以不需要用it。故将it去掉。
2.Senior family members, especially parents, should create an atmosphere ________ children can be encouraged to pour out their heart happily.
A. that B. where C. what D. which
【答案】B
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：家庭长辈，尤其是父母，应该营造一种氛围，鼓励孩子们快乐地倾诉心声。分析可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词atmosphere，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用where引导。故选B项。
3.Learning another language is like stepping out of a door, ______I can look back and see more clearly my own language.
A．By which B．through which C．which D．on which
【答案】B
【解析】
考查定语从句和介词辨析。句意：学习另外一种语言就好像跨出了一扇房门，通过它，我可以回顾并且更加清楚地明白自己的语言。分析可知，空格处引导定语从句，根据句意可知，通过这扇门，先行词door做through“通过”的宾语，指物，用冠词代词which，by表示方式，on“在……上面”不符合句意，故选B。
4.You may think of giving up study, in ____________ case just think it over before making the decision.
A. that B. which C. whose D. where
【答案】B
【解析】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：你可能会考虑放弃学习，在那种情况下，好好想想再做决定。分析句子可知，此句为非限制性定语从句，此空位于介词“in”后面，指代主句“You may think of giving up study”，应用关系代词“which”。故选B项。
5.________ is widely accepted, in the Middle East Arabs greet each other by touching noses, but this is not a polite way of greeting in other cultures.
A. As B. It C. Which D. What
【答案】A
【解析】
考查as引导的非限制性定语从句。句意：在中东，阿拉伯人通过互摸鼻子来打招呼，这在其他文化中是不礼貌的。分析可知，________ is widely accepted在句中为定语从句，从句缺少主语，指代整个句子“in the Middle East Arabs greet each other by touching noses”，结合选项，as和which都可以指代整个句子，在引导非限制性定语从句时，which引导的非限制性定语从句置于主句之后，as引导的从句则可以置于句首。故选A。
6.Go for a walk in the countryside, you can enjoy the beautiful views and a peaceful atmosphere.
A. when B. which C. where D. what
【答案】C
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：去乡村散步，在那里你可以欣赏美丽风景和宁静的气氛。分析句子可知，逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词为the countryside（地点名词），关系词在从句中充当地点状语，应用关系副词where。故选C项。
7.I think you've got to the point________ a change is needed, otherwise you'll fail.
A. when B. where C. that D. which
【答案】B
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：我认为你已经到了需要改变的地步，否则你会失败的。分析可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰的先行词为地点名词the point，且引导词在从句中做地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故选B项。
8.Swimming is good for teenagers, ________ some experts say will help them to stimulate their potential and promote their brain development.
A. which B. why C. Whom D. what
【答案】A
【解析】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：游泳对青少年有好处，一些专家说，这将帮助他们激发潜能，促进他们的大脑发展。分析句子成分可知，“________ some experts say will help them to….”为非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句“Swimming is good for teenagers(游泳对青少年有好处)”，所设空处可译为“这件事/这一点”，并在该句中充当宾语从句中的主语，故应用which，故选A。
9.Sales director is a position________ communication ability is just as important as sales.
A. which B. where C. when D. why
【答案】B
【解析】
考查定语从句的关系词。句意：销售经理是一个职位,在这个职位上,交流能力和销售能力一样重要。分析句子可知，本句为限制性定语从句，position 为先行词，在定语从句中作地点状语，关系副词为where。故选B。
10.Children, in my opinion,____creative ability is unbelievably rich, should be trained in that area.
A. which B. what C. who D. whose
【答案】D
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：在我看来，孩子们的创造能力丰富得令人难以置信，应该在这个领域进行训练。A. which先行词是人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；B. what引导名词性从句，在从句中作主语或宾语；C. who先行词是人，在从句中作主语或宾语；D. whose先行词是人或物，在从句中作定语。分析句子结构，结合句意可知，“____creative ability is unbelievably rich”在名词Children后面作修饰成分，是非限制性定语从句，又因先行词Children和creative ability之间是所属关系，关系词在从句中作定语，用whose引导该从句。故选D。
11.Communication technology has entered the 5G era,________will surely bring great changes to our life.
A. when B. what C. which D. where
【答案】C
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：通信技术已经进入了5G时代，这必将给我们的生活带来巨大的变化。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，从句中缺少主语，故应用关系代词which引导。故选C。
12.My mother is the busiest person in the family, which always has a lot of housework to do.
【答案】which→who
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意同上。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词my mother，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导。故将which改为who。
13.I have a pet cat, which name is Lucky. She has white hair and two big eyes.
【答案】which→whose
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：我有一只宠物猫，名字叫Lucky。分析句子结构可知，此句为定语从句，先行词cat在从句中作名词name的定语，故将which改为whose。
14.Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, ________ the audience can buy ice cream.
A. when B. where
C. that D. which
【答案】A
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：在音乐会两部分之间有间隙时间，那个时候观众可以买冰激凌。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为interval(幕间休息)，连接词在定语从句中做时间状语，应使用关系副词when引导。故选A。
15.In the dark street, they wasn’t a single person, _______ she could turn for help.
A. to whom B. whom C. to which D. which
【答案】A
【解析】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：在黑暗的街道上，没有一个人是她可以求助的。分析可知，“_______ she could turn for help”应是之前名词“a single person”的非限制性定语从句，将先行词还原，从句应是：she could turn to a single person for help，其中，turn to sb. for help，固定短语，“向某人求助”，因此先行词在从句中作to的宾语，应用关系代词whom，从句中缺少固定短语介词“to”，可将其放置whom前，构成“介词+关系代词”结构引导从句，即to whom。故选A项。
16.We live in this society now __________ actually someone is always helping.
A. when B. where C. that D. what
【答案】B
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：我们现在生活的社会里，总有人在帮忙。分析题意，空格处引导定语从句从句部分缺状语，故此处的关系词应用关系副词。定语从句的先行词为“society”，表示地点，故用关系副词where。故选B项。
17.We will always remember the moment _______ my classmate Li Chong crossed the finish line.
A. when B. where C. that D. whose
【答案】A
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：我们将永远记得我的同学李冲冲过终点线的那一刻。此处为定语从句修饰先行词moment ，且先行词在从句中作时间状语，故应用关系副词when引导 。故选A。
18."The thirst for knowledge is the strongest __________ there is a barrier," says the president of the ltalian Union of the Blind．
A. which B. where C. since D. unless
【答案】B
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：意大利盲人联盟的总统说:“在有障碍的地方，对知识的渴望是最强的。”分析句子可知，主句the strongest后省略了place，并且__________ there is a barrier为定语从句，修饰先行词place，关系词在从句中做地点状语，应用where。故选B。
19.Between the two halves of the football game is a 15-minute break, __________ the audience can have a rest．
A. when B. where C. which D. that
【答案】A
【解析】
考查定语从句的引导词。句意：足球比赛两半场之间有15分钟的休息时间，观众可以休息。分析句子可知__________ the audience can have a rest为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词break，关系词在从句中做时间状语，用when。故选A。
20.After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling，______ turned out to be a wise decision.
A. that B. which
C. when D. where
【答案】B
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：大学毕业之后，我花了些时间去旅游，结果证明是明智的选择。句中which引导非限定性定语从句，指代前面一件事，在从句中做主语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故选B。
21.I can’t help but remember the precious child ______ smile has brought me countless hours of joy throughout the years.
A. whose B. who C. whom D. of which
【答案】A
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：我不禁想起那个可爱的孩子，多年来，她/他的微笑给我带来了很多欢乐。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是child，关系词代替它在从句中充当smile的定语，应用关系代词whose。故选A。
22.Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet life has developed gradually.
A. that B. where
C. which D. whose
【答案】B
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：Stephen Hawking认为地球不可能是生命逐渐发展的唯一星球。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是the only planet，定语从句缺少地点状语，用where引导定语从句，故选B。
23.There was a long wait at the reception desk, ______ everyone was checking in.
A. why B. which C. whom D. where
【答案】D
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：接待处前排起了常常的队伍，每个人都在登记。分析句子的可知，the reception desk为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，所以关系副词为where。故选D项。
24.The 2020 China International Fair for Trade in services, ______ theme is “Global Services, Shared Prosperity”, attracted worldwide attention.
A. its B. whose C. which D. where
【答案】B
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：以“全球服务，共享繁荣”为主题的2020年中国国际服务贸易博览会吸引了全世界的关注。分析句子可知，两个逗号之间为定语从句，先行词为名词短语The 2020 China International Fair for Trade in services，空格处应用关系代词whose修饰名词theme，引导从句，意为“某人或某物的”此处指“洽谈会的（主题）”作定语。故选B项。
25.Self-driving is an area _______ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
A. that B. where
C. which D. when
【答案】B
【解析】
考查定语从句。句意：无人驾驶是一个中国和世界其它国家都在同一起跑线的领域。句中先行词为area，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，相当于in which。故选B。
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