2022届高考英语二轮复习: 短文改错1 学案(含答案)

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名称 2022届高考英语二轮复习: 短文改错1 学案(含答案)
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高考英语经典课程
高中语法专题——短文改错
学 科 年 级 学生姓名 授课教师 上课时间 课 次
英语 第 讲
专题内容 语法专题:口诀法制胜高考“短文改错”
【教学目标】
To get the students to know the testing points of error correction.
To enable the students to master the skills of error correction.[来源:Z。
To develop and cultivate students’ interest in error correction.
【教学重点】
How to conclude the skills of correcting a composition.
To master the skills of correcting a composition.
【教学难点】
How to conclude the skills of correcting a composition.
To master the skills of correcting a composition.
【教学内容】
Show the testing points of error correction from 2014 to 2018.
Get the students to know how to correct a composition normatively.
Explain the testing points one by one.[]
Provide some exercises according to the testing points.
Summary & practice
专题18 口诀法制胜高考“短文改错”
Part 1:专题讲解
兴趣导入:warming-up
课题对象:高一至高三(复习)
讲课时长:120分钟
分数比例:10/150
热身活动:高考“短文改错”考题分
短文改错题的要求较高,其宗旨是对语言知识综合运用能力的考查,通过阅读短文检测同学们发现、判断、纠正文章错误的能力,进而考查学生的词法、句法及行文逻辑等方面的水平。有许多同学在做此类题目时不得要领,因而得分甚少。那么怎样找错误就成了解题的关键,本节课老师就和同学们一起看一下短文改错题型的答题技巧。
一.错误类型统计(Step1 Lead-in(导入))
2020—2021年高考(全国卷)错误类型统计
全国卷 动词 名词 形容词和副词 代词 介词 冠词 连词
2020-1 2 0 3 1 1 1 2
2020-2 3 1 2 1 1 1 1
2020-3 2 1 3 1 1 1 1
2021-甲 3 1 2 1 1 0 2
2021-乙 3 1 1 1 1 1 2
从表格中,我们可以看出短文改错题的错误类型是有迹可循的。短文改错题测试点的分布及设错方式是有规律的,所以怎样找到错误就成了解题的关键。只要我们可以找到错误,那么改正错误就迎刃而解了。
解题技巧——口诀法Step2 Presentation and exploration(呈现和探究)
必考考点: 检验考点:
考点归纳:
1.动词形
主要包括两类错误:动词的时态和语态错误,以及主谓不一致的错误。
1)He graduated from the school in Chengdu and work there last year.
2)The assistant was clearly as embarrassing as my sister.
3)Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library.
总结;不规则过去式
2.名词数
错误主要体现在:名词的单复数形式和不可数名词的使用错误。
1)The food was wonderful with reasonable prices,and we enjoyed several local dish.
2)Could you give me some advices
总结:常考不可数名词
3.形和副
常考点为:形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。形容词一般用在名词前面作定语或者用在行动词后作表语。副词多用来修饰动词,形容词或整个句子。
I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.
I got to the finishing line first. I won the race. I felt very proudly of myself.
Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family.
总结:系动词
4.代词格
代词的使用错误多体现在前后人称的一致,或代词在句中的作用上。
1)As she did this, lots of tea splashed on his T-shirt !
2)The doctor gave him some medicine and told him to take them before he went to bed.
3) He and his children felt tired but neither of them would stop for a rest.
总结:both-- neither--
介词短语
主要是搭配方面的错误或多了介词,少了介词。
1)They reached in London at night.
2)Everyone stared me and I stood there with a red face
总结:累赘性
6.冠词
冠词常考查不定冠词和定冠词的基本用法。
I went into my room to have rest.
A same idea came to me.
总结:如:in a hurry, as a result, play a trick on, catch sight of ,lose heart , an hour等固定短语.
7.连词
连词主要考查对逻辑关系的判断。
1)I have grown not only physically,and also mentally in the past few years.
2) Although he is young, but he knows a lot.
3)It turned out to be her own cup, that she had left on the shelf by mistake.
总结:Beside----
Don’t forget:
短文改错应注意的问题:
标点符号不改。
2.字母大小写不改。
3.词序错误不改。
4.单词拼写不改。
真题分析Step3 Practice
解题步骤:1. 浏览全文,掌握大意 2. 分句阅读,逐行找错
3. 检查核对,攻克难点 4. 规范答题 不留空白
常考比例:8:1:1
短文改错
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处; 每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Mr. and Mrs.Zhang all work in our school.They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. They have also bought for some gardening tools. Beside, they often get some useful informations from the Internet. When summer came, they will invite their students pick the vegetables!
Step4 Summary and remember 反思总结:检验考点口诀,格式规范性
Part 2 过手训练
【练习1】短文改错
When I look at this picture of myself. I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically,and also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time,car magazines and musical instruments.I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes,playing pop music,and collecting the late music albums.This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days.
【练习2】短文改错
The summer holiday is coming. My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. We can chose between staying at home and take a trip. If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. But in that case, we will learn little about world. If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea. It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.
Part 3:巩固练习
1.【练习1】
My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live .Though not very big ,but the restaurant is popular in our area .It is always crowded with customers at meal times .Some people even had to wait outside My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady.[]
2.【练习2】
The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. They were also the best and worse years in my life. At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. However, my parents didn't seem to think such. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time, I ever felt my parents couldn't understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. Now I am leaving home to college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.
3.【练习3】
When I was a very young children, my father created a regular practice I remember well years late. Every time he arrived home at end of the day, we'd greet her at the door. He would ask who we was and pretend not to knowing us. Then he and my mother would have had a drink while she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and hers. While they chat, my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge. It was both excited and frightening to be up there! My sister and I thought he was so cool for putting us there.
4.【练习4】
It is Mother's Day today. Though it's a western festival, it's popular in China now.
Mom has a full-time job, so she has to do most of the houseworks. She is a great mother. Both Dad or I planned to do something on Mother's Day. We get up early in the morning. Dad cleaned the house, and then went on shopping. When he came back, I found a bunch of flowers in her hand. I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen. The dishes what I cooked were Mom's favoritest. At dinner, we said to her, “Happy Mother's Day!”Mom was grateful and moving.
家庭作业:
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin. Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud. Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity, others were nervous and anxious. I had done myself homework, but I was shy. I was afraid that to speak in front of a larger group of people. At that moment, I remembered that my father once said, "The classroom is a place for learning and that include leaning from textbooks, and mistake as well." Immediate, I raised my hand.
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
When I was little, Friday’s night was our family game night. After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room. As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me. They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes. I didn’t realize how right my parents are until I entered high school. The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.
第一节 短文改错(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分)全国卷1
During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a big change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.
短文改错专练
(练习1)
I was riding my bike clown to the corner shop in a Saturday morning when I attracted by a cute boy who was walking his dog. Suddenly my neighbour drives past and honked (按喇叭) at me. I was so surprising that I crashed into an old lady walk down the street! Lucky, the old lady wasn't hurt, but I fell off my bike and landed in the hole. My neighbour saw me to fall so she stopped her car and rushed out to help her. The worst part was that the cute boy stopped to watch all happen. What an embarrassing but dangerous day!
【答案】
1. in→on
2. I后加was
3. drives→drove
4. surprising→surprised
5. walk→walking
6. Lucky→Luckily
7. the→a
8. 去掉fall前的to
9. her→me
10. but→and
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个星期六的早晨,作者骑着自行车去街角的商店,不小心摔倒的故事。
1.考查介词。句意:一个星期六的早晨,我骑着我的自行车去街角的商店,这时我被一个正在遛狗的可爱男孩吸引住了。表示在哪一天或怎么样的早上,使用介词on。故in改为on。
2.考查动词时态及语态。句意:一个星期六的早晨,我骑着我的自行车去街角的商店,这时我被一个正在遛狗的可爱男孩吸引住了。根据语境可知,此处描述的是过去的事情,应用一般过去时,attract与主语I的被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态。故I后加was。
3.考查动词时态。句意:突然,我的邻居开车经过,对着我按喇叭。根据语境可知,此处描述的是过去的事情,应用一般过去时。故drives改为drove。
4. 考查形容词。句意:我太惊讶了,以至于撞到了一个在街上走的老太太身上。此处修饰主语I的感情,应用-ed结尾形容词。故surprising改为surprised。
5. 考查非谓语动词。句意:我太惊讶了,以至于撞到了一个在街上走的老太太身上。分析可知此处使用非谓语动词作后置定语,walk与an old lady是逻辑上的主谓关系,表示主动,应用现在分词形式,故walk改为walking。
6. 考查副词。句意:幸运的是,老太太没有受伤,但我从自行车上摔了下来,落在一个洞里。此处修饰后面整句话的内容,应用副词作状语,故Lucky改为Luckily。
7. 考查冠词。句意:幸运的是,老太太没有受伤,但我从自行车上摔了下来,落在一个洞里。此处泛指“一个洞”,应用不定冠词,hole是发音以辅音音素开头的词,应用a。故the改为a。
8. 考查固定搭配。句意:我的邻居看到我摔倒了,就停下车冲出来帮我。see sb do,看见某人做某事,fall前的to是多余的,故去掉to。
9. 考查代词。句意:我的邻居看到我摔倒了,就停下车冲出来帮我。根据语境可知,此处指邻居冲过来帮“我”。故her改为me。
10.考查连词。句意:多么尴尬又危险的一天啊!根据句意可知,此处不是转折关系,而是并列关系。故but改为and。
(练习2)
The forest of my hometown are beautiful no matter how the season is. I was driving slowly in this morning when I saw a deer live in the woods appear in the middle of the road. I came to a full stop and we stared at each other. His eyes seemed wisely. He had been in this world for some month and I didn’t want to end his life. Finally, I signalled with my hand to him go on. Having seen anything to fear, he jumped across the road. I drive on smiling at the magic of this moment and thanked God that I had been going slowly not to hit a beautiful deer.
【答案】
1.are →is
2.how→what
3.删掉in
4.live→living
5.wisely→wise
6.month→months
7.go on前加to
8.anything→nothing
9.drive→drove
10.a→the
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了今天早上在家乡道路上开车时遇到了一只鹿,并且给这只鹿让路的故事。
1. 考查主谓一致。句意:无论什么季节,我家乡的森林都是美丽的。根据主语是The forest of my hometown,可知此处谓语动词要用单数形式。故将are 改为is。
2. 考查状语从句的疑问词。句意:无论什么季节,我家乡的森林都是美丽的。根据the season is可知此处要用no matter what引导让步状语从句。故将how改为what。
3. 考查介词。句意:今天早上我开得很慢,突然,我看见一只住在树林里的鹿出现在路中间。根据this morning可知此处介词in多余,因此把in去掉。故将in删掉。
4. 考查现在分词。句意:今天早上我开得很慢,突然我看见一只住在树林里的鹿出现在路中间。live与其逻辑主语a deer之间是主动关系,此处要用现在分词作后置定语,修饰a deer,意为“住在树林里的”。故将live改为living 。
5. 考查形容词。句意:它的眼睛似乎很睿智。根据系动词seemed可知此处要用形容词,作表语。故将wisely改为wise。
6. 考查名词的数。句意:它在这个世界上已经生活了好几个月了,并且我不想结束它的生命。month是可数名词,根据形容词some, 可知此处要用名词的复数形式。故将month改为months 。
7. 考查固定句型。句意:最后,我用手示意它过去。signal to sb to do sth.示意某人做某事, 该句型是固定句型。故在go on前加to 。
8. 考查代词。句意:它看不出有什么可怕的,就跳过马路了。根据he jumped across the road可知此处要用否定代词nothing。故将anything改为nothing。
9. 考查时态。句意:我继续开车,为这神奇的一刻而微笑,感谢上帝,我开得很慢,没有撞到那只美丽的鹿。根据上文时态是一般过去时,可知此处也在表示发生在过去的事情,用一般过去时,要用动词的过去式。故将drive改为drove 。
10. 考查冠词。句意:我继续开车,为这神奇的一刻而微笑,感谢上帝,我开得很慢,没有撞到那只美丽的鹿。根据beautiful deer可知此处要用定冠词the,表示特指,且上文已出现过deer一词。故将a改为the。
(练习3)
Like many boys, my most favorite sport is basketball. To be honest, I felt clumsy when I first learn to play it. I moved more slowly and I was not as strongly as others. But they didn’t give up and spent my spare time practicing. Gradually, I made progresses. I can’t forget how exciting I was before winning the first match. That’s how I fell in love basketball. Since then, it has become a important part of my life. It strengthens my body but also helps me become confident.
【答案】
1.去掉favorite前的most;
2.learn→learned;
3.strongly→strong;
4.they→I;
5.progresses→progress;
6.exciting→excited;
7.before→after;
8.在basketball前加with;
9.a→an;
10.but→and
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。“我”爱上了篮球,篮球增强了“我”的身体,让“我”更自信。
1.考查形容词。句意:像许多男孩一样,我最喜欢的运动是篮球。favorite意为“最喜爱的”本身为最高级,所以不需要再用most。故将favorite前的most去掉。
2.考查一般过去时。句意:老实说,我第一次学篮球的时候觉得自己很笨。根据I felt clumsy可知,此处应用一般过去时。故将learn改为learned。
3.考查形容词。句意:我移动得较慢,也不像别人那么强壮。在was后作表语应用形容词。故将strongly改为strong。
4.考查人称代词。句意:但我没有放弃,把业余时间花在练习上。根据my spare time可知,此处是指“我”没有放弃。故将they改为I。
5.考查不可数名词。句意:渐渐地,我取得了进步。progress为不可数名词,所以没有复数形式。故将progresses改为progress。
6.考查形容词。句意:我无法忘记赢得第一场比赛后我是多么的激动。根据“winning the first match”可知此处是指“我”很激动。故将exciting改为excited。
7.考查介词。句意:我无法忘记赢得第一场比赛后我是多么的激动。根据“I can’t forget how excited I was”可知,此处是指在赢得第一场比赛后。故将before改为after。
8.考查固定搭配和介词。句意:我就是这样爱上篮球的。fall in love with表示“爱上”,为固定搭配。故在basketball前加with。
9.考查不定冠词。句意:从那时起,它就成了我生活中重要的一部分。part为可数名词,important的开头发音是元音,所以应用an。故将a改为an。
10.考查关联词。句意:它增强了我的身体,也帮助我变得自信。“strengthens my body”和“helps me become confident”是并列关系。故将but改为and。
(练习4)
I still remember my first presentation in front of my entire class. When it comes to my turn, I was very much nervous! My head went blank and I had no idea that to say. Then I took deep breath and slowly breathed out. I kept do so for some times. That helped me feel less terribly. After a while, I calmed down but began my speech. I did a good job in the end. It was deep breathing that helped me out of anxious. So remember to breathe deeply when you feel nervous in a presentation. Focus on your speech and don't worry with not making my presentation perfect. The world won't end even if you mess up.
【答案】
1.comes→came
2.nervous前的much删去
3.that→what
4.deep前加a
5.do→doing
6.terribly→terrible
7.but→and
8. anxious→anxiety
9.with→about
10.my→your
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者自己之前的一次演讲经历的心路历程。
第一处:考查时态。句意:轮到我的时候,我非常紧张!本文是作者回忆往事,所以事情发生在过去。故将comes改为came。
第二处:考查副词。句意:轮到我的时候,我非常紧张!修饰形容词用very,very much是much的强调,通常修饰动词,nervous是形容词。故将nervous前的much删去。
第三处:考查宾语从句。句意:我的脑子一片空白,不知道说什么好。分析句子结构可知,句中缺少say后的宾语,指物,所以用连接词what。故将that改为what。
第四处:考查冠词。句意:然后我深深地吸了一口气,慢慢地呼了出来。可数名词breath是单数形式,且前面的形容词deep发音以辅音音素开头。故在deep前加a。
第五处:考查非谓语动词。句意:我这样做了好几次。固定短语keep doing sth.一直做某事。故将do改为doing。
第六处:考查形容词。句意:这让我感觉不那么可怕了。固定结构feel+形容词系表结构。故将terribly改为terrible。
第七处:考查连词。句意:过了一会儿,我冷静下来,开始演讲。根据句意可知,这里是并列关系,而非转折关系,所以用连词and。故将but改为and。
第八处:考查名词。句意:是深呼吸帮助我摆脱了焦虑。短语help sb out of sth,介词of后接名词。故将anxious改为anxiety。
第九处:考查介词。句意:专注于你的演讲,不要担心演讲不够完美。固定短语worry about doing sth担心做某事。故将with改为about。
第十处:考查代词。句意:专注于你的演讲,不要担心演讲不够完美。根据句意和上文的“your speech ”可知,此处说的是不要担心你的演讲不完美,可知名词presentation前用形容词物主代词your。故将my改为your。
(练习5)
It's great to hear from you. You ask me about my life in high school. Here is your experience. They are many after-school activities in my school. I am out-going and want to make more friends, because I joined some clubs. However, club activities took too much more of my time and I hard had time to finish homework or review lessons. I felt anxious. To solve this problem, I talked with my teacher. She suggested that I should choose one or two clubs that I liked better and spend more time on study. I took her advices and concentrated on my study when I didn't need go to clubs. Soon, I made progress. Now, I feel confident again and I know what to make good use of my time.
【答案】
1. ask→asked
2. your→my
3. They→There
4. because→so
5.去掉more
6.hard→hardly
7.better→best
8. advices→advice
9.need后加to
10. what→how
【解析】本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己高中的生活。
1.考查动词时态。句意:你问了我关于我在高中的生活。根据上文“It's great to hear from you.”可知,收到了信件,说信件中提到的事情,用一般过去时,故将ask改为asked。
2.考查代词。句意:这是我的经历。根据上下可知,此处指的是作者的经历,应用第一人称。修饰名词用形容词性物主代词,故将your改为my。
3.考查there be句型。句意:我们学校有许多课外活动。根据句意可知,此处用there be存在句,表示“有”,they are表示“他们是”。故将They改为There。
4.考查连词。句意:我是外向的,想多交些朋友,因此我加入了一些俱乐部。前后是因果关系,前因后果,故将because改为so。
5.考查比较级。句意:然而,俱乐部的活动花了我太多的时间,我很难有时间完成家庭作业或复习课程。根据句意,此处不表示比较,故去掉much后的more。
6.考查副词。句意同上。hard“努力地”;hardly“几乎不”,根据句意,此处表示否定,故将hard改为hardly。
7.考查最高级。句意:她建议我应该选择一两个我最喜欢的俱乐部,花更多的时间在学习上。根据句意和上文的“one or two clubs”可推断,此处用最高级,故将better改为best。
8.考查名词。advice是不可数名词,故将advices改为advice。
9.考查非谓语动词。句意:我接受了她的建议,在我不用去俱乐部的时候专注于我的学习。由didn’t need可知,need是实义动词,后接不定式作宾语,故need后加to。
10.考查连词。句意:现在,我再次感到自信,我知道该如何好好利用我的时间。what表示“什么”,作主语,宾语;how是副词,作状语,表示“如何”, make good use of my time不缺少宾语,根据句意,故将what改为how。
(当堂过手训练)短文改错的“13条”
一、语法
1.动词
。谓语动词的时态(时态一致、时态误用)
He graduated from the school in Chengdu and work there.
。谓语动词的语态
They made to work all day.
。非谓语动词(该用非谓语而用谓语或该用谓语而用非谓语;doing/done;to是介词还是不定式符号)
He went into the classroom, smiled to us.
She got used to live in the countryside.
2.名词
。可数不可数 Could you give me some advices
。单数复数 We have sent hundreds of book to the country.
3.冠词
。该不该有冠词的问题(涉及到添词或删词) I went into my room to have rest.
。特指和泛指 A same idea came to me.
4.代词
。反身代词 He could take care of him at the age of 8.
。不定代词(some-/any-/every-/no-;one/it/that) I don’t have something important to tell you.
。人称一致(第几人称及数) The boy didn’t do her homework yesterday.
。代词的格 She teaches our English.
5.形容词副词
。原级、比较级、最高级 Lucky, he passed the exam.
I was angry, but they were very angrier than me.
6.词性误用及修饰词错误 He feels very happily.
7.句子成分的完备性 Chengdu is a good place to live.
8.主谓一致 Neither you nor he are right.
9.复合句
。并列复合句 I wanted to give up, and she told me to wait a little longer.
。主从复合句(引导词)He was about to get on the bus while he heard someone calling me.
10. 平行结构 Listening to music not only makes me relaxed but also give me happiness.
二、语义
11. 行文逻辑(反义表达、起承转合)I disagreed that smoking is harmful to us.
三、语法或语义
12. 删除冗言(中国式英语的词法问题,有时也可能是语法问题)
Although he is young, but he knows a lot.
13. 固定搭配(可能是语法搭配,也可能是用词方面的搭配、短语搭配,尤其是介词搭配)
It is kind for you to help me.
For a result, he made it.
Only by the way can we solve the problems.