Unit 6 When was it invented? Section A（3a-4c）课件(共45张PPT)

(共45张PPT)
Unit 6
When was it
invented
Section A 3a-4c
To learn to understand and use passive voice
To listen and speak about the history of tea, finding out the sentences in passive voice
Learn the new words and expressions and sentences as below:
Lead-in
What are they doing
Do you know what it is？
How was tea invented
1. Do you drink tea every day
2. Who invented tea in history
3. Do people in other countries drink tea in their daily life？
Step1:Free talk
Yes，I do .
Shen Nong did.
Yes, they do.
Listen and fill in the missing words
Some leaves from a tea plant fell ______ the water and ________ there for some time. It produced a nice________ so he tasted the brown water. It was ________delicious, and so, one of the world’s favorite ___________ was invented.
Do you know the tea the popular drink in the world (after water), by accident
Many people
________ that tea was first_________ about 5,000 years ago.
It is said that a Chinese_________ called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink.
One day Shen Nong was __________drinking water over an open fire.
most
was invented
believe
drunk
ruler
boiling
into
remained
smell
quite
drinks
Step2:
3a
Read the passage quickly and match each paragraph with its main idea.
Para. 1
Para. 2
Para. 3
Lu Yu and his book Cha Jing
How tea spread to other countries
How tea was invented by accident
偶然；意外地
Read the passage again and answer the questions.
1. When was tea first drunk
2. How was tea invented
3. Who is called “the saint of tea”
4. What is Cha Jing about
5. When was tea brought to other countries
3b
3. Who is called “the saint of tea”
___________________________________
Read the passage again and answer the questions.
1. When was tea first drunk
___________________________________
2. How was tea invented
___________________________________
It was first drunk about 5,000 years ago.
3b
It was invented by accident.
Lu Yu.
n. 圣人，圣徒
4. What is Cha Jing about
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
The book describes how tea plants were grown and used to make tea. It also discusses where the finest tea leaves were produced and what kinds of water were used.
5. When was tea brought to other countries ____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
Tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries. It was
brought to England at around 1660.
Fill in the blanks with the proper forms according to the first paragraph.
Tea (after water), the most popular drink in the world ___________ (invent) by accident. It is believed that tea _________ (drink) 5,000 years ago. It ______ (say) that a Chinese ruler ______ (call) Shen Nong was the first _________ (discover) tea as a drink. One day Shen Nong __________ (boil) drinking water
was invented
was drunk
is said
called
to discover
was boiling
n. 统治者，支配者
v. 煮沸，烧开
over an open fire. Some leaves from a tea plant ____ (fall) into the water and
remained there for some time. It ________
v. 保持不变
(produce) a nice smell so he ______ (taste)
n. 气味
the brown water. It was quite delicious, and so, one of the world’s favorite drinks ____________ (invent).
fell
produced
was invented
tasted
Fill in the blanks with the proper forms according to the second paragraph.
Lu Yu, “the saint of tea”, ____________ (mention) Shen Nong in his book Cha Jing a few thousand years later. The book describes how tea plants ___________ and used to make tea. It also discusses where the finest tea leaves ______________ (produce) and what kinds of water _________ (use).
mentioned
were grown
were produced
were used
Fill in the blanks with the proper forms according to the third paragraph.
People believed that tea _____________ (bring) to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries. In England, tea _____________ (not appear) until around 1660, but in less than 100 years, it had become the national drink. The tea trade from China to Western countries ______ (take) place in the 19th century.
was brought
didn’t appear
took
This ________ (help) to spread the popularity of tea and the tea plant to more places around the world. Even though many people now know about tea culture, the Chinese ____ (be)
without doubt the ones who best
毫无疑问；的确
__________ (understand) the nature of tea.
helped
are
understand
1. One of the world’s favorite drinks was _________ by accident.
2. Tea was first ________ by Shen Nong 5,000 years ago.
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.
invent, drink, bring, produce, trade
invented
drunk
3c
3. A nice smell was _________ when the tea leaves dropped into the hot water.
4. Tea was ________ to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries.
5. Tea is now ______ between many different countries.
traded
produced
brought
invent, drink, bring, produce, trade
It is
believed-that… “据认为……”
reported-that … “据报道……”
known-that… “众所周知……”
supposed-that… “据推测……”
said-that … “据说” ……
Language Points
It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink.据说有一位叫作神农的中国统治者最早发现了茶可以饮用。
It is said that意为“据说……”。其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。?
例句：It is said that they have found water on Mars.
据说他们在火星上发现了水。
the first to do sth. 意为“第一个做某事的人”，是“the + 序数词+to do sth.”结构，动词不定式作定语。?
例句：Mary is always the first to arrive at the classroom.
玛丽总是第一个到教室。?
You are the second to ask me that question.
你是第二个向我提出那个问题的人。
one of后接复数名词或代词宾格形式，意为“……之一”，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。?
例句: One of them is good at English.
他们当中的一个擅长英语。
【拓展】 “one of + the +形容词的最高级+名词的复数形式”意为“最……之一”。?
例句：Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world.
北京是世界上最大的城市之一。
It is believed that…等于People believe that…，意为“人们认为/相信……”，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。例句：It is believed that health is above wealth.
人们相信健康重于财富。
【拓展】类似的句型还有：It is said that …据说……；It is reported that…据报道……；It's known that…众所周知……；It is supposed/thought that…人们认为……。
take place意为“发生；出现”，常指有计划、有安排地“发生”，是不及物动词短语，不能接宾语，一般也不用作被动结构。?
例句：The meeting will take place in the hall.
会议将在大厅举行。?
But bank failures still take place. 但是银行倒闭仍在发生。?
Elections take place every four years. 选举每四年举行一次。
take place 表示必然性的“发生”或 指根据计划或安排“举行”的. 无被动语态
happen 表示偶然性的没预料到的 “发生”，无被动语态
The opening of the play will take place tomorrow
night
这部剧将于明晚进行首演。
The car accident happened last week
这起车祸发生在上周。
Grammar Focus
When was the zipper invented？ It was invented in 1893.
Who was it invented by It was invented by Whitcomb Judson.
When was tea brought to Korea？ It was brought to Korea during the 6th and 7th centuries.
What is the hot ice-cream scoop used for It’s used for serving really cold ice-cream
Active Voice: Alexandar Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876.
Passive Voice: The telephone was invented (by Alexander Graham Bell) in 1876.
一般过去时的被动语态的句式结构
肯定句 主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词（ + by…）
否定句 主语+was/were + not+及物动词的过去分词（+ by…)
疑问句 Was/Were+主语+及物动词的过去分词（+by …)
特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+及物动词的过去分词（ + by...)
2. 一般过去时的被动语态的基本用法
用法 示例
表示过去某一具体时间发生的动作，且句子的主 语是谓语动词动作的承受者 The house was built in 1990.
这所房子建于1990年。
讲述发生在过去的动作，且不知道动作的执行者 He was honored with the name “ Father of Hybrid Rice”.
他被授予“杂交水稻之父”的称号。
宾语提前变主语，人称时态be关键。
过去分词莫改错，原主改宾by后见。
the Active voice and the Passive voice 主动语态和被动语态
Liu Qian does the magic tricks.
S
V.
O.
动作执行者
动作
动作接受者
动作执行者
动作
动作接受者
口诀
by
Liu Qian.
The magic tricks
are done
①含有双宾语的主动句变为被动语态时，通常把间接宾语（指 “人”）变为主语，而直接宾语（指“物”）则不变。
He gave me a book yesterday.
I was given a book (by him) yesterday.
3. 含双宾语和复合宾语的主动句变为被动语态的方法
②如果要把直接宾语（指“物”）变为主语，则在 间接宾语前添加to或for
I brought him some food
Some food was brought to him (by me).
My father bought me a pair of shoes yesterday.
A pair of shoes was bought for me yestergay.
③含有复合宾语的主动句变为被动语态时，要
将其中的宾语变成主语，宾语补足语不变
Jim asked Tom to go for a walk.
Tom was asked (by Jim) to go for a walk.
间宾之前必须加for的动词有：buy;make;cook;take;
leave;sing;draw;peel;coach
④ 在主动句中,有些感官动词(hear, see, watch等)和使役动词(have, make, let)后面可以接省略to的动词不定式；当其变成被动句时,要把不定式省略的to还原补上。
We often heard Kate sing in the room.
Kate was often heard to sing in the room
(by us).
That man was seen to enter a shop by us.
有人看见那个男人进了一家商店。
He is made to work all day long.
他被逼着整天工作。
⑤含复合宾语(宾语 + 宾语补足语)的主动结
构变被动结构时，通常把主动结构中的宾
语改为被动结构中的主语，而宾语补足语
保留在谓语动词后面成为主语补足语。
如：
主动结构：I found him lying on the floor.
被动结构：He was found lying on the
floor by me.
4. 系动词、不及物动词或某些短语动词
① look,sound,smell,taste,feel---
② （happen, take place, come true, fall asleep，sell well,wear long）没有被动语态。
e.g. What happened to Mr. Brown
布朗先生发生了什么事？
The books by Moyuan sell well.
莫言著的书很畅销。
4a
Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.
【点拨】原句为一般过去时态，原句的谓语动词为sold，宾语为the fridge；改为被动语态时，应将the fridge作主语，谓语动词用was sold的形式。
1. They sold the fridge at a low price.
The fridge was sold at a low price.
【点拨】分析原句的句子结构可知，stole是谓语动词，my camera是句子的宾语；改为被动语态句时，应将my camera作句子主语，谓语动词用was stolen的形式。
2. Somebody stole my camera from my hotel room.
My camera was stolen from my hotel room.
3. Where did you take these photos
4. Our parents advised us not to go out alone.
5. Different writers translated the book into different languages.
Where were these photos taken
We were advised not to go out alone.
The book was translated into different languages by different writers.
4b
Complete the sentences with correct forms of the verbs in the box.
1. You ____________ to the party last night, weren’t you Why didn’t you go
2. The earthquake happened all of a sudden, but luckily the villagers _____________ to a safe place.
were invited
eat, like, invite, tell, lock, ring, break, bring
were brought
句子主语you与invite之间存在被动关系。
villagers与bring之间存在被动关系
3. The door ___________ when we arrived, so we ________ the bell.
4. The students _______ not to eat or drink in class, but Ruby ______ the rule when she started eating a biscuit in science class.
5. The cookies __________ by the hungry kids in less than 20 minutes, and they really _____ them.
was locked
rang
broke
were told
were eaten
liked
the door与lock之间为被动关系；而we与ring之间则为主动关系；其他各题相同。
4c
Decide whether active or passive forms should be used in these sentence. Write the correct forms in the blanks.
The telephone _____________(invent) by Alexander Graham Bell. He __________ (born) in 1847. Mr. Bell ________(work)
on the invention of the telephone with Thomas Watson. In 1875, Mr. Bell _______ (learn) how to send musical notes through an instrument similar to a telephone.
was invented
was born
worked
learned
Finally, the telephone ____________ (invent) in 1876. The first sentence that ________ (say) on the telephone by Mr. Bell was “Mr. Watson, come here; I want to see you.” Today the telephone ________ (use) around the world.
was invented
was said
is used
随堂练习
Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示完成句子。
1．The boy lost his parents during the last year's ___________(地震)．
2．The students were asked to __________(翻译) the story into English.
earthquake
translate
3．The police found the lost boy under the destroyed house through an ___________(仪器)．
4．I only have some _________(饼干) and a glass of milk every morning.
5．If you can't eat all these fruit，you may put some into your ________(冰箱)．
instrument
biscuits
fridge
The girl is often heard to sing happily (by us) in her room.
A computer was bought for me by my parents last week.
An article was written by him last week.
Ⅱ. 将下列句子变为被动语态。
1. My parents bought me a computer last week.
2. We often hear the girl sing happily in her room.
3. He wrote an article last week.
A lot of money was saved this summer.
Large sums of money is spent each year in painting the steelwork of bridges.
6. He was seen to read a book in his room. (用I作主语，改为主动语态)
I saw him read a book in his room.
4. He saved a lot of money this summer.
5. We spend large sums of money each year in painting the steelwork of bridges.