北师大版（2019）必修二：Unit 4 Information Technology Writing Workshop（含答案）

北师大版（2019）必修二：Unit 4 Information Technology Writing Workshop
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Life on the sea, as a ________ (水手) could tell you, is hard and dangerous.
2．They do have interviews when you apply, but they are ________ (非强制的)．
3．If their present ________ (政策) is continued, I'm afraid a war is on the way.
4．Wearing a ________ (腕带) is a way to prevent your hand from getting injured in the game.
5．A newspaper published ________ (人物简介) of some leaders.
6．She didn't know the exact ________ (位置) of her new office.
7．The story is a magical mix of ________ (幻想) and reality.
8．The students have put forward a ________ (系列) of questions.
9．I don't know who is the ________ (作者) of the article.
10．Hong Kong is the first city to ________ (使……数字化) its fixed line telecommunication networks.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．This small village ________ (locate) at the foot of the mountain.
2．The small island is only ________ (access) by boat.
3．I find it exciting to go ________ (sail) on windy days.
4．My friend Mary told me that these shoes were ________ (amazing) cheap.
5．The policeman is collecting evidence with a ________ (digitise) camera.
6．Going boating on the lake is a ________ (fantasy) part of the travel.
7．All the characters in the book are ________ (imagine)．
8．I can't accept the job because of some ________ (privacy) reasons.
Ⅲ.短语填空
be accessible to， other than， in common， keep track of， a series of， search for， from then on， zoom in
1．The legal aid should ________________ more people.
2．He made ________________ important decisions.
3．They ________________ a ring in the house at the moment.
4．________________， we became good friends.
5．How do I ________________ or change the visible area of graphics
6．She has no close friends ________________ me.
7．His brother has nothing ________________ with him.
8．I use a small notebook to ________________ all the knowledge I learn.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．除了尽力，我不十分确定我们该怎么做。
I'm not really sure how we're doing it ________________ trying our best.
2．如果说我和姑姑之间有什么相似之处，那就是我们的微笑。
If I have something ________________ with my aunt, that's our smiles.
3．学生们可以免费使用这个图书馆。
Students can ________________ the library.
4．我们可以采取一系列的措施反对在公共场所吸烟。
There is ________________ measures we can take against smoking in public.
5．给自己买个笔记本，记录你每天的进步。
Buy yourself a notebook to ________________ your daily progress.
Ⅰ.阅读
A
One of the greatest sources of unhappiness, in my experience, is the difficulty we have in accepting things as they are.
When we see something we don't like, we wish it could be different. We cry out for something better. That may be human nature, or perhaps it's something ingrained (根深蒂固的) in our culture. The root of the unhappiness isn't necessarily that we want things to be different. However, it's that we decided we didn't like it in the first place. We've judged it as bad, rather than saying, “It's not bad or good, and it just is it.”
In one of my books, I said “You should expect people to mess up and expect things to go differently than you planned”. Some readers said it's too sorrowful to expect things to go wrong. However, it's only negative if you see it as negative and judge it as bad. Instead, you could accept it as the way the world works and try to understand why that is.
This can be applied to (应用于) whatever you do: how other people act at work, how politics works and how depressing the news media can be. Accept these things as they are, and try to understand why they're that way. It will save you a lot of sadness, because you'll no longer say, “Oh, I wish bad things didn't happen！”
Does it mean you can never change things Not at all. But change things not because you can't accept things as they are, but because you enjoy the process of changing, learning and growing.
Can we make this world a better place You can say that you'll continue to try to do things to help others, to grow as a person, to make a difference in this world. That's the correct path you choose to take, because you enjoy that path. Therefore, when you find yourself judging and wishing for difference, try a different approach: accept and understand. It might lead to some interesting results.
1．The author believes that we feel unhappy maybe because ________.
A．it is our natural emotion in the life
B．culture asks us to be different from others
C．everyone has their own opinions on things
D．we dislike something in the beginning
2．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．Acting well at work and in politics.
B．Feeling depressed for the news media.
C．Accepting and understanding what has happened.
D．Saying something negative when bad things come.
3．What are you advised to do according to the last paragraph
A．Help others and make a difference.
B．Enjoy what you have to do in the work.
C．Judge yourself and make a wish for you.
D．Try a new way when making the world better.
B
What Is Social Media
Not many people ask the question “What is social media？” anymore. Social media has been around for years now, and most of us would probably describe it as any Internet medium that can be used to share information with others, including blogs, forums, applications, games, websites and other stuff.
But let me ask you this: what exactly is so “social” about sitting before a computer setting up a blog and blogging for days without anybody reading it, or scrolling through your Facebook feed of information from 500 friends you barely know If you ask me, it can be way more antisocial than anything.
Social media is not a “thing”. It's not just Facebook, WeChat and Weibo. It's more of a frame of mind and a state of being. It's about how you use it to improve your relationships with other people in real life. However, we tend to rely on technology and social media so much that it can actually tear_apart those relationships.
Social media isn't about numbers. When someone says “social media”， web giants like Facebook, Twitter, WeChat and Weibo instantly pop into our minds, often because they have more updates, more friends, more followers, more links, more photos and more everything. We tend to get distracted by the number game, thinking “volume, volume, volume”. It leads to a lot of meaningless noise and information overload. As the old saying goes, quality over quantity is usually the way to go. So, social media is not just about lots of people aimlessly spreading lots of information.
Social media needs to have an “IRL” factor—an Internet slang standing for “In Real Life”. It should affect how a person thinks or acts offline. After all, social media shouldn't be an end in itself. It was built to enhance your actual social life, in real life. Take for example an event that a person attends because he is invited by the host on Facebook through a Facebook event page. Something like that definitely has the IRL factor. Likewise, a WeChat photo that touches someone so much that they feel the need to bring it up and describe it to someone else during a dinner date also has the IRL factor.
So, is it really considered to be social to spend an hour scrolling through photos on Weibo, with no thoughtful or emotional effect and no interaction with others In fact, there is no wall between real life and Internet life where true social media exists. Social media is not a specific place on the Internet or just a thing you use to see what other people are doing. It's all about creating meaningful experiences and relationships wherever you may be.
4．What does the underlined phrase “tear apart” in Paragraph 3 mean in the text
A．Destroy. B．Change.
C．Continue. D．Strengthen.
5．The writer thinks that social media should be ________.
A．a number of websites where people communicate
B．a set of social tools like Facebook, WeChat and Weibo
C．a collection of online applications where ideas are exchanged
D．a group name for online platforms used to strengthen meaningful relationships
6．According to the author, which of the following cases has an IRL factor
A．Updating Facebook on a regular basis.
B．Following new friends in real life on Facebook.
C．Visiting a museum with friends after reading a story on Weibo.
D．Reading Twitter to see what other people are doing and thinking about.
7．What is the author's purpose of writing this article
A．To explain the importance of social media.
B．To inform the negative effects of social media.
C．To call on readers to use social media to promote real social life.
D．To encourage readers to interact with others in real life more often.
C
As Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information, are people remembering less If you know your computer will save information, why store it in your own personal memory, your brain Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.
In a recent study, Professor Betsy Sparrow conducted some experiments. She and her research team wanted to know how the Internet is changing memory. In the first experiment, they gave people 40 unimportant facts to type into a computer. The first group of people understood that the computer would save the information. The second group understood that the computer would not save it. Later, the second group remembered the information better. People in the first group knew they could find the information again, so they did not try to remember it.
In another experiment, the researchers gave people facts to remember, and told them where to find the information on the Internet. The information was in a specific computer folder (文件夹). Surprisingly, people later remembered the folder location (位置) better than the facts. When people use the Internet, they do not remember the information. Rather, they remember how to find it. This is called “transactive memory (交互记忆)”．
According to Sparrow, we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet. Instead, computer users are developing stronger transactive memories; that is, people are learning how to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date. This doesn't mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.
8．The passage begins with two questions to ________.
A．introduce the main topic
B．show the author's attitude
C．describe how to use the Internet
D．explain how to store information
9．What can we learn about the first experiment
A．Sparrow's team typed the information into a computer.
B．The two groups remembered the information equally well.
C．The first group did not try to remember the information.
D．The second group did not understand the information.
10．In transactive memory, people ________.
A．keep the information in mind
B．change the quantity of information
C．organize information like a computer
D．remember how to find the information
11．What is the effect of the Internet according to Sparrow's research
A．We are using memory differently.
B．We are becoming more intelligent.
C．We have poorer memories than before.
D．We need a better way to access information.
Ⅱ.七选五
Every time you blink, someone is forming an Internet company somewhere in the world. __1__ Each one is searching for the one great idea that could make his web company click in a big way. And they are trying all sorts of tricks to attract people towards their websites.
A company based in California, US, has decided to offer online smells to people who visit its website. That is, if a pizza image comes on screen your nostrils will catch the smell of baked bread and gooey cheese! __2__ This smart little device, created by the company, contains some chemicals, which when combined in different proportions, can create a huge variety of smells.
__3__ An onscreen image, which is programmed with the appropriate digital signal, will activate the ‘iSmell’ device. The device will use the software to reconvert the digital signal and release the correct smell. The device reads the digital scent code from the website and creates the corresponding smell from its store of chemicals. __4__
To ensure that the correct smell is released, the company has created a ‘Scent Registry’， which contains a digital index of thousands of scents. The company plans to permit website developers to integrate the appropriate smells to their games and images. __5__ Imagine audiences getting the smell of rocket fuel as a spacecraft takes off on the cinema screen!
A．This device is very easy to use.
B．Filmmakers will have to be careful not to shoot in dirty neighbourhoods.
C．That is the pace at which the Internet fever has caught on with people.
D．All you need to do is attach a device called ‘iSmell’ to your computer.
E．The company has invented software that changes different smells into digital signals.
F．The company is also hoping that filmmakers will use the smell technology in their movies.
G．This smell is then made to blow in the direction of the user with the aid of a small fan.
Ⅲ.语法填空
Most young boys don't like growing flowers and watering them. But for 16 year old Angus, working in the garden isn't just 1.________ hobby—it has changed his life.
Angus has a special illness, 2.________ IQ is lower than a normal boy. Six months ago, he started learning how to grow flowers. Now, he spends hours in the garden growing flowers, watering and 3.________ (look) after them. “4.________ he worked in the garden, it was difficult for Angus to concentrate on classes and sometimes he didn't want to go to school，” said his mother Kim. “Now he can't wait 5.________ (go) to school and he is happy every day. We can see Angus is able to work in a garden center in the future.”
Research shows that working in the garden improves mental and physical health. In the past, soldiers in Egypt 6.________ (treat) their mental problems after war by working in the garden. Even now, some doctors advise people to work in the garden to treat their mental problems. And doctors also advise young people 7.________ Angus to work in the garden.
The lives of hundreds of 8.________ (child) in Britain with special needs, like Angus, 9.________ (change) by this special kind of education in recent years. When working in the garden, they have a chance to learn a lot of important skills, such as how to work with other people and how to take care of plants. Besides, they become 10.________ (confidence) after working in the garden.
Ⅳ.应用文写作
2022年北京、张家口冬奥会正面向全球招募中学生志愿者。假设你是新华中学高三学生李华，希望能为2022年冬奥会提供志愿服务。请根据以下内容要点，用英语给该组织负责人写一封申请信。内容包括：
1．自我介绍；
2．申请的理由(喜欢体育、英语好、锻炼自己)；
3．希望获准。
注意：
1．词数80左右。开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir or Madam，
I'm Li Hua, a student from Xinhua Middle School.
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
Part 5　Writing Workshop, Viewing Workshop & Reading Club
必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．sailor　2.optional　3.policy　4.wristband　5.profiles　6.location
7．fantasy　8.series　9.author　10.digitise
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．is located　2.accessible　3.sailing　4.amazingly　5.digital
6．fantastic　7.imaginary　8.private
Ⅲ.短语填空
1．be accessible to　2.a series of　3.are searching for
4．From then on　5.zoom in　6.other than　7.in common
8．keep track of
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．other than　2.in common　3.have free access to
4．a series of　5.keep track of
关键能力综合练
Ⅰ.阅读
A
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述的是“接受能让我们的生活更美好”。
1．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据第一段“One of the greatest sources of unhappiness, in my experience, is the difficulty we have in accepting things as they are.”可知，作者认为，我们感到不快乐可能是因为我们一开始就不喜欢某个东西。
2．答案与解析：C　词义指代题。根据第四段第二句“Accept these things as they are，and try to understand why they're that way”可知，接受这些事情的本来面目，试着去理解它们为什么会那样。由此推知it指的是“接受并理解发生了什么”。
3．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“when you find yourself judging and wishing for difference, try a different approach: accept and understand. It might lead to some interesting results.”可知，最后一段建议我们尝试一种新的方式，让世界变得更美好。
B
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文，作者呼吁读者利用社交媒体来促进真实的社会生活。
4．答案与解析：A　词义猜测题。destroy破坏；change改变；continue继续；strengthen加强。根据上文“It's about how you use it to improve your relationships with other people in real life.”可推断，此处指我们往往过于依赖科技和社交媒体，以至于它们实际上会破坏那些关系。tear apart意为“使分裂、分开”，故选A。
5．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Social media is not a specific place on the Internet or just a thing you use to see what other people are doing. It's all about creating meaningful experiences and relationships wherever you may be.”可知，作者认为，社交媒体应该是用来加强有意义的关系的网络平台的统称，故选D。
6．答案与解析：C　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Social media needs to have an ‘IRL’ factor—an Internet slang standing for ‘In Real Life’. It should affect how a person thinks or acts offline. After all, social media shouldn't be an end in itself. It was built to enhance your actual social life，in real life.”可推知，在微博上读了一篇故事后，和朋友一起参观博物馆含有IRL因素，故选C。
7．答案与解析：C　主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“It's all about creating meaningful experiences and relationships wherever you may be.”可推断，作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁读者利用社交媒体来促进真实的社会生活，故选C。
C
【语篇解读】　本文主要谈论的是互联网对记忆的影响这一话题。
8．答案与解析：A　文章结构题。议论文常以设问的形式提出论点，然后逐步论证。本文主要谈论的是互联网对记忆的影响这一话题。因此可以看出，这两个设问引出了全文的论题。
9．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。由第二段的最后一句可知，第一组受测人知道电脑会储存信息、他们可以再次找到这些信息，所以就没有试图记忆这些信息。
10．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。第三段用实例解释了“交互记忆”这个概念。从本段内容可知，另一个实验的受测人没有记忆信息本身，而是记住了信息存储的位置。
11．答案与解析：A　推理判断题。由短文最后一句可以看出，Sparrow的实验表明，人们没有因为互联网而变得聪明或者愚蠢，但是互联网改变了人们记忆的方式。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】　互联网公司为了吸引访客各出奇招。一家总部位于美国加州的公司决定向访问其网站的人提供在线气味。
1．答案与解析：C　根据上文的“每次你眨眼，世界上某个地方就有人在组建一家互联网公司”可知，C项“That is the pace...”可起到承接上文的作用。
2．答案与解析：D　根据下文的“This smart little device...”可知，D项中的“a device called ‘iSmell’”可起到引出下文的作用。
3．答案与解析：E　空格后主要介绍的是如何把气味转变成数字信号，然后创造出相同气味的过程。由此可知，E项可作为本段的主题句。
4．答案与解析：G　上文提到“从它储存的化学物质中创造出相应的气味”，G项介绍的是把气味传递给用户的方法，符合语境。
5．答案与解析：F　根据上文的“The company plans...”可知，F项中的“The company is also hoping...”和上文形成递进关系。
Ⅲ.语法填空
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文，主要叙述了16岁的安格斯，喜欢种花和浇花，花园里的工作不仅仅是他的业余爱好，也让他心情愉悦，让他变得更加自信，从而改变了他的生活。
1．答案与解析：a　考查不定冠词。句意：但是对于16岁的安格斯来说，在花园里工作不仅仅是一种爱好，它还改变了他的生活。根据语境可知，此处表示一个爱好，表泛指且hobby以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。
2．答案与解析：whose　考查定语从句。句意：安格斯有一种特殊的疾病，他的智商比正常男孩低。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是Angus，在定语从句中作定语修饰名词IQ，表示“人的/物的”，要用whose，故填whose。
3．答案与解析：looking　考查固定搭配。分析句子可知，此处考查spend time (in) doing sth.，其中介词in可省略。此空与前面的growing和watering并列，所以用动词 ing形式，故填looking。
4．答案与解析：Before　考查连词。分析句子可知，这里表示安格斯在花园工作之前与现在的对比，故填Before。
5．答案与解析：to go　考查固定搭配。句意：现在他迫不及待地去上学，每天都很快乐。can't wait to do sth.意为“迫不及待地做某事”，故填to go。
6．答案与解析：treated　考查时态。根据时间状语In the past可知要用一般过去时，故填treated。
7．答案与解析：like　考查介词。根据语境可知，此处是指“医生也建议像安格斯这样的年轻人在花园里工作”。like意为“像……一样”，故填like。
8．答案与解析：children　考查名词复数。根据空格前的hundreds of可知，此处指“成百上千的孩子”，要用复数，故填children。
9．答案与解析：have been changed　考查时态语态。根据空后的by this special kind of education in recent years该用现在完成时态的被动语态。
10．答案与解析：confident　考查词性。该处应用形容词，表示“自信的”。
Ⅳ.应用文写作
One possible version：
Dear Sir or Madam，
I'm Li Hua, a student from Xinhua Middle School. I'm writing to recommend myself as a volunteer for the 2022 Winter Olympic Games to be held in Beijing and Zhangjiakou.
I want to become a volunteer for the following reasons. First, I am fond of sports. Second, I have a good command of English, so I can communicate with foreigners fluently. Besides, being a volunteer allows me to meet new friends and learn new cultures.
I am qualified to be a volunteer. I sincerely hope you give me a chance.
Yours，
Li Hua