北师大版（2019）必修二：Unit 4 Information Technology Lesson 3 Internet and Friendships（含答案）

北师大版（2019）必修二：Unit 4 Information Technology Lesson 3 Internet and Friendships
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The plan was so ________ (肤浅的) that no serious attempt was ever made to realise it.
2．More and more adults are ________ (智能手机) users, with half buying in the last year.
3．If you have good ________ (内容) and a clear purpose, readers can follow you easily.
4．I opened the ceremony with a ________ (简洁的) welcome.
5．Who do you think will ________ (代替) her on the show
6．His girlfriend gave him a ________ (拥抱) the moment she saw him.
7．This trip can be an interesting and ________ (有意义的) experience.
8．I wasn't asking for your ________ (意见)．
9．Even if we can't often see each other, we should ________ (保持) our contact.
10．She believes that she is an ________ (权威人士)．
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．There's nothing more ________ (reward) than putting smiles on the faces around you.
2．My brother said he had never lost his ________ (concentrate) in English classes.
3．A good relationship is ________ (basis) on understanding each other.
4．As we all know, smoking is ________ (harm) to our health.
5．If you ________ (addition) these amounts together, you'll get a huge figure.
6．Don't ________ (argument) with those who don't agree with you.
7．Unfortunately, we have ________ (limit) conditions for operations.
8．The ________ (percent) of girls in engineering has increased recently.
9．The talks will focus ________ economic development of the area.
10．The labouring people are highly ________ (create)．
Ⅲ.短语填空
do harm to， concentrate on， be concerned with， in addition， focus on， compared to...， on the basis of， stay in touch with， on the move， all over the world
1．Their talks are expected to ________________ arms control.
2．You need money and time; ________________， you need diligence.
3．Eating too much junk food will ________________ him.
4．I used to ________________ my friends by writing letters.
5．________________ his brother, he made more progress.
6．Statement should be made ________________ fact.
7．The Great Wall is well known to the people ________________________.
8．He likes selling rather than office work because it keeps him ________________.
9．We should ________________ the health of the community.
10．He was too tired to ________________ school work.
Ⅳ.语法专练：左右连线
组成合成词
friend site
web up
grown ship
smart line
some by
passer one
on phone
self sit
baby work
over centered
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
As far as I'm concerned, the Internet can harm friendships. As you can see, more and more children communicate through a screen, which makes 1.________ more difficult for them to show kindness to others. It is not the 2.________ ( replace) for face to face contact. The Internet can also make people self centred. Some people don't think of anyone or anything but themselves. They are only concerned with their online popularity. They prefer to post lots of their images rather than have proper 3.________ (conversation) with their friends, but they don't realise that the images don't 4.________ (necessary) help form meaningful relationships. Images really cannot replace a real life smile or hug. In fact, a lot of the content 5.________ (post) on social media is shallow or trivial. What's more, when communicating online, you may not be sure who 6.________ person you are chatting to is. Therefore, 7.________ (go) online can be particularly dangerous for people who are too trusting or easily influenced. Online relationships may not be what they appear to be.
As we all know, friendships 8.________ (build) on the basis of honesty and trust. It is the social skills 9.________ enable us to develop lifelong friendships. Important social skills are developed through direct contact with other people. So, in my opinion, face to face communication is the 10.________ (good) way to maintain healthy relationships.
Ⅰ.阅读
A
You can choose a private setting when you browse (浏览) the Internet. But be forewarned: It may not afford nearly as much privacy as you expect. That's the finding of a new study.
Major web browsers, such as Google's Chrome and Apple's Safari, are often a private browsing option. It's sometimes referred to as “being incognito”. This option lets you surf the Internet browser and saves a record into its history of each page that you visited. And what sites you visit won't affect the suggestions your browser makes the next time you're filling out an online form.
Many people believe incorrectly that the incognito setting broadly protects them. Most believe it even after reading a web browser's explanation of the incognito mode.
For instance, a new study had 460 people read web browsers' descriptions of private browsing. Each person read one of 13 descriptions. Then the participants answered questions about how private they thought their browsing would be while using this tool. The volunteers didn't understand the incognito mode. This was true no matter which browser's explanation they had read. The researchers reported their findings on April 26 at the 2018 World Wide Web Conference in Lyon, France.
More than half of the volunteers thought that if they logged in a Google account through a private window, Google wouldn't keep a record of their search history. Not true. And about one in every four participants thought private browsing hid their device's IP address. That's wrong, too.
Blase Ur was one of the study's authors. He's an expert in computer security and privacy at the University of Chicago in Illinois. “Companies could clear up this confusion by giving better explanations of the incognito mode，” his team said. For example, the browsers should avoid vagueness (模糊). The web browser Opera, for instance, promised users that “your secret are safe”. Firefox encourages users to “browse like no one's watching”. In fact, someone might be. (If you'd like to know more about the research information, please click here.)
1．The “incognito” mode is believed to be able to ________.
A．record one's passwords
B．give a warning of insecure links
C．help hide one's past browsing history
D．access one's favorite websites quickly
2．Where is the article probably from
A．A text book. B．A newspaper.
C．A magazine. D．The Internet.
3．The last paragraph is written to ________.
A．report a new finding
B．put forward a suggestion
C．give a vivid description of history
D．ask the reader to work hard
B
The way to a man's heart is through his stomach. This is what China offered me the moment my feet touched its ground. As someone who loves food, I couldn't help but worry about eating food foreign to my tongue. I love my country's foods and I have a bias (偏见) when it comes to dishes. Being far away from home for the first time, finding good food was my priority.
Obviously, the beginning of every journey is rough. My experience at Chinese restaurants left a lot to be desired. I had yet to explore Nanjing, and I would often eat at cafeterias around my university. My first date with Chinese food was not a good experience. I thought it did not suit my taste.
However, one day, my Chinese classmates took me to a Chinese restaurant near our university. It looked like a place for occasions or family gatherings of some sort. My classmates then called the waiter for our orders.
One dish after another until the table was full. It was my first time to witness such a meal, with more than 10 dishes on the table. It was not a buffet (自助餐) sort of thing, but certainly it was perfect for eating in groups. As I was a slow eater, I was quite hesitant to try all the dishes. Also, knowing from my past experience of Chinese food, I thought that I should only pick what I could eat. Eventually, one of my classmates sitting next to me convinced me to give each of the dishes a try. I tasted them one by one. It was like my whole concept of Chinese food changed after that. Each dish appealed to my palate (味觉), and I forgot to slow down.
We cannot deny that food is one main source of our happiness and it is indeed our thirst for survival. China won my heart when it got through my stomach.
4．“left a lot to be desired” in Paragraph 2 can probably be replaced by ________.
A．was unsatisfactory
B．was extraordinary
C．was full of surprises
D．was what I had longed for
5．Which is NOT the reason why the writer was hesitant to try all the dishes
A．He has a bias against foods.
B．He is a slow eater.
C．He attaches little importance to foods.
D．He thought Chinese food was not that good.
6．The writer's concept of Chinese food didn't change until ________.
A．he gave each dish a try
B．he saw the dishes on the table
C．he entered the Chinese restaurant
D．he picked what dish he could eat
7．What may be the best title for the passage
A．A feast for the gods
B．In search of good food
C．My first date with Chinese food
D．Chinese food: My first impression that didn't last
Ⅱ.七选五
Everyone dreams. If you've ever tried to figure out the meaning of a strange dream, you're not alone. Humans have been trying to make sense of dreams since recorded history. __1__ Here are some of the findings.
__2__ People with great creativity are more likely to dream about unusual settings and blocks in the natural world, such as a log or a rock they can't get around.
You've got a heart problem. People who have frequent nightmares may be significantly more likely to suffer from an irregular heartbeat or chest pain. If you have those problems, it's more difficult for you to breathe at night. __3__
You're avoiding something. Do you dream about being followed by a stranger, a monster, or a giant tidal wave This could indicate that you're afraid to deal with something in your daily life. __4__
You'll have a good result in a test. Students whose performance improved were those who had dreamed about the maze (迷宫) during their sleep. __5__ This improves learning and problem solving skills.
Despite the fact that technology has vastly expanded our understanding of dreaming, much of what occurs when we're asleep remains as it has always been: a mystery.
A．How creative you are.
B．Dreaming may strengthen memories.
C．What kind of problem solver you are.
D．What can our dreams tell about ourselves
E．How can we understand better about ourselves
F．That explains why you cannot have a sound sleep.
G．Ask yourself what issue or emotion you're faced with.
Ⅲ.完形填空
In China, the Spring Festival is the most important of all the holidays in the year. Two important things __1__ to make this holiday different from all the others: giving presents and spending it __2__ the family. Many weeks __3__ the Spring Festival, we know it is coming. In the __4__ goods for this special holiday appear and outside them are the special New Year decorations. The advertisements __5__ all the newspapers tell us that there are “Only five __6__ shopping days to Spring Festival”. __7__ you go, you will realize that Spring Festival, which comes “only __8__ a year”， is coming again. Giving __9__ to one's family is a very sweet custom. The spirit behind the present matters most, not the present __10__. It is good at Spring Festival to __11__ to the hometown and meet parents, grandparents and as many aunts, uncles and cousins as possible.
In the past, __12__ New Year's Eve, all the members of a family __13__ stay at home making dumplings together. __14__ many people enjoy watching TV. During the day, children wear their new clothes. The evening is usually spent in games, talking, more eating and __15__.
1．A.help B．want
C．get D．hope
2．A.in B．on
C．at D．with
3．A.after B．before
C．during D．at
4．A.towns B．schools
C．shops D．restaurants
5．A.on B. in
C．from D．above
6．A.other B．fewer
C．another D．more
7．A.Where B．Wherever
C．Whatever D．How
8．A.a time B．twice
C．one D．once
9．A.money B．presents
C．wishes D．cards
10．A.itself B．themselves
C．by itself D．either
11．A.go B．come
C．return D．turn
12．A.in B．at
C．on D．by
13．A.would B．might
C．could D．have to
14．A.Now B．But
C．And D．So
15．A.sleeping B．playing
C．running D．drinking
Ⅳ.语法填空
With the widespread of the Internet, our life is becoming more and more convenient. Moreover, some people's lives 1.________ (change) by online communities and social networks.
Jan Tchamani was an English teacher in Birmingham, UK. 2.________ ( unfortunate), she was out of work due to her sudden illness. Stuck at home, she felt lonely and 3.________ ( bore). Thanks to the Internet, she joined an online community, where she 4.________ (get) support and advice by sharing her problems.
5．________ (inspire) by the people she met online, she started 6.________ IT club to teach older people how to surf the Internet. Many people benefited from the club, of whom a man aged 59 learnt to apply for work online and found a great job. The club helped an old woman who was living alone set up a small online company successfully.
In spite of her achievements, she continues to learn more about how to use the Internet. She holds a strong 7.________ (believe) that everyone should have access to the Internet and that 8.________ is highly important to bridge the digital divide.
“When you go 9.________ tough times, you meet others who are facing similar challenges，” Jan says. “ 10.________ (think) about other people's situations inspired me to offer help.” Others' lives have been changed, and so has her life.
Part 4　Lesson 3　Internet and Friendships
必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．shallow　2.smartphone　3.content　4.brief　5.replace　6.hug　7.rewarding　8.opinion　9.maintain　10.authority
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．rewarding　2.concentration　3.based　4.harmful　5.add
6．argue　7.limited　8.percentage　9.on　10.creative
Ⅲ.短语填空
1．focus on　2.in addition　3.do harm to　4.stay in touch with
5．Compared to　6.on the basis of　7.all over the world
8．on the move　9.be concerned with　10.concentrate on
Ⅳ.语法专练：左右连线
friendship, website, grown up, smartphone, someone, passer by, online, self centered, babysit, overwork
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
1．答案与解析：it　考查代词。it在该句中做形式宾语，替代不定式短语to show kindness to others。
2．答案与解析：replacement　考查名词。根据空前的the并结合句意“网上交流不是一个面对面交流的替代物”，可知应用名词形式。
3．答案与解析：conversations　考查名词。表示“和朋友们的交谈”应该用复数形式。
4．答案与解析：necessarily　考查副词。necessarily是副词，做状语修饰动词help。
5．答案与解析：posted　考查非谓语动词。过去分词短语posted on social media做后置定语修饰the content，表示“被发布在社交媒体上的内容”。
6．答案与解析：the　考查冠词。the person you are chatting to特指“正在和你聊天的那个人”。
7．答案与解析：going　考查非谓语动词。动名词短语going online做句子的主语。
8．答案与解析：are built　考查时态和语态。句意为“众所周知，友谊是建立在诚信的基础上的”，friendships和build是被动关系，且本句阐述客观道理，用一般现在时，所以句子的谓语用are built。
9．答案与解析：that　考查固定句式。此处that与It is构成强调句型，故用that。
10．答案与解析：best　考查形容词的最高级。此处表示“面对面交流是最好的维持健康关系的方式”。
关键能力综合练
Ⅰ.阅读
A
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了当人们浏览互联网时，经常可以选择一个私人设置，但它可能不像想象的那样保护人们的隐私。
1．答案与解析：C　推理判断题。根据第二段中This option lets you surf the Internet browser and saves a record into its history of each page that you visited.以及第三段中Many people believe incorrectly that the incognito setting broadly protects them.可判断出人们认为“隐姓埋名”模式能够帮助隐藏过去的浏览历史，故选C项。
2．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中If you'd like to know more about the research information，please click here.可判断出，这篇文章最可能来源于互联网，故选D项。
3．答案与解析：B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Companies could clear up this confusion by giving better explanations of the incognito mode，” his team said. For example, the browsers should avoid vagueness (模糊). The web browser Opera, for instance, promised users that “your secrets are safe”. Firefox encouraged users to “browse like no one's watching”．可判断出最后一段的目的是提出建议，故选B项。
B
【语篇解读】　这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己对中餐的态度的转变过程。
4．答案与解析：A　词义猜测题。由第二段中的“rough” “not a good experience” “not suit my taste”可以看出，开始作者对中餐并不满意。
5．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。由第一段的“The way to a man's heart is through his stomach.” “As someone who loves food...”及“...finding good food was my priority.”可知，作者对食物非常重视，因此C项表述有误。
6．答案与解析：A　细节理解题。由第四段中的“I tasted them one by one. It was like my whole concept of Chinese food changed after that.”可知，作者应同学的邀请品尝了所有的菜后对中餐的态度有了根本性的转变。
7．答案与解析：D　主旨大意题。本文重点讲述了作者对中餐态度的根本性转变，标题要体现“转变”一词。因此D项最贴切。该题易误选C项，但实际上和同学吃中餐的这次经历并非作者首次接触中餐。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】　本文为说明文。每个人都做梦，自古以来人们都试图解梦。但梦能告诉我们什么呢？文章对此做了介绍。
1．答案与解析：D　根据上文If you've ever tried to figure out the meaning of a strange dream, you're not alone. Humans have been trying to make sense of dreams since recorded history.可知，自古以来，人类就一直在试图解释梦的含义。后面的内容主要叙述了梦告诉我们的东西。分析选项可知D项符合题意。
2．答案与解析：A　根据下句People with great creativity are more likely to dream about unusual settings and blocks in the natural world, such as a log or a rock they can't get around.可知，有创造力的人更有可能梦见自然界中不寻常的环境和石块等。由此推知你做梦说明你很有创造力。故A项符合题意。
3．答案与解析：F　根据上文People who have frequent nightmares may be significantly more likely to suffer from an irregular heartbeat or chest pain. If you have those problems, it's more difficult for you to breathe at night.可知，经常做噩梦的人可能更容易患上心律不齐或胸痛。如果你有那些问题，晚上呼吸会更困难，由此可见如果你有这些病的话，晚上就睡不好。故F项符合题意。
4．答案与解析：G　根据前面的内容You're avoiding something.Do you dream about being followed by a stranger，a monster, or a giant tidal wave This could indicate that you're afraid to deal with something in your daily life.可知，如果你在梦里逃避什么，或被什么跟踪的话，这可能说明你在生活中害怕处理某些事情。这时就要想想你面临的问题到底是什么。分析选项可知G项符合题意。
5．答案与解析：B　根据上句Students whose performance improved were those who had dreamed about the maze (迷宫) during their sleep.可知，走进迷宫的学生想出去的话就会去解决问题。根据下句 This improves learning and problem solving skills.可知，这提高了学习和解决问题的能力。由此可知，做梦有利于记忆强化。故B项符合题意。
Ⅲ.完形填空
【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了中国传统文化中的春节这一节日。
1．答案与解析：A　句子的意思为“两件重要的事情帮助使这个假期与其它的有所不同。”故答案为A项。
2．答案与解析：D　spend the holiday with sb.和某人一起度过假期。
3．答案与解析：B　before意为“在……之前”，after“在……之后”，during“在……期间”，正确答案为B项，表示“春节前的几个星期”。
4．答案与解析：C　town城镇，school学校，shop商店，restaurant饭店。为春节置办东西应该是在商店里，故正确答案为C项。
5．答案与解析：B　在报纸上要用介词in。
6．答案与解析：D　表“另外的、额外的、附加的”之意时，another置于数词之前，而more一般位于数词之后名词前。
7．答案与解析：B　句子的意思为“无论你走到哪里，你都要意识到一年只有一次的春节又要来临了。”Wherever表示“无论哪里”。Where哪里，Whatever无论什么，How怎样。
8．答案与解析：D　春节一年只有一次，因此正确答案为D项，once表示“一次”。
9．答案与解析：B　根据后文The spirit behind the present matters most可知，答案应该为B项，表示“送礼物”，而不是送钱，送愿望，也不是送贺卡。
10．答案与解析：A　因present是单数名词，故使用itself。
11．答案与解析：C　return to the hometown意为“回家乡”。
12．答案与解析：C　on表示特殊日子，on New Year's Eve意为“除夕”。
13．答案与解析：A　would过去常常，might可能，could能、会，have to不得不。句子的意思为“过去，在除夕，家里所有人都常待在家里一起包饺子。”故答案为A项。
14．答案与解析：A　选用Now，与其前的In the past形成对比。
15．答案与解析：D　根据其前的eating可知正确答案为D项，drinking意为“喝”。
Ⅳ.语法填空
【语篇解读】　本文主要讲了互联网的发展给人们的生活带来了变化。
1．答案与解析：have been changed　此处强调网络普及带来的影响，且主语lives与动词change之间为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，故填have been changed。
2．答案与解析：Unfortunately　修饰整个句子应用副词，故填Unfortunately，意为“不幸的是”。
3．答案与解析：bored　设空处作系动词felt的表语，表示主语的状态，应用形容词。根据语境，此处是指人感到无聊的，应用bored。
4．答案与解析：got　此处是从句的谓语动词，与从句的主语是主动关系，且叙述的是过去的事情，所以应用一般过去时。故填got。
5．答案与解析：Inspired　inspire在此应用非谓语形式作状语，与主语she之间是逻辑上的被动关系，所以应用过去分词。故填Inspired。
6．答案与解析：an　club是可数名词，此处是泛指一个俱乐部，IT的发音以元音音素开头，所以应用不定冠词an。
7．答案与解析：belief　此处作动词hold的宾语，应用名词形式。故填belief。
8．答案与解析：it　it is important to do sth.为固定句型，意为“做某事很重要”。it为形式主语，故填it。
9．答案与解析：through　go through为固定搭配，意为“经历，经受”。
10．答案与解析：Thinking　此处在句中作主语应用动名词形式。故填Thinking。