北师大版（2019）必修二：Unit 4 Information Technology Lesson 1 Avatars（含答案）

北师大版（2019）必修二：Unit 4 Information Technology Lesson 1 Avatars
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Your ________ (发型) shows a lot about your personality and style.
2．I am sorry that the letter has to be ________ (打印) again.
3．The newspaper has considerable value ________ (现今), and everybody should read it.
4．The students are doing the ________ (实验) in the room now.
5．This businessman often ________ (欺骗) customers.
6．A computer in the machine creates an ________ (影像) on the screen.
7．I have never baked a ________ (别致的) cake.
8．They also get fed up with ________ (即食的) food.
9．I read a ________ (博客) that you wrote.
10．Four players can compete in a ________ (虚拟的) world of role playing.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The answer was ________ (obvious) wrong, but he didn't realize it.
2．It doesn't make ________ (sensible) when you get a tool without knowing how to use it.
3．The software makes it easy to ________ (creativity) forms and draw pictures.
4．There is an article in the magazine ________ (concern) language study.
5．At last, the strongest boy was ________ (select) by the old man to move the big stone ball.
6．The law should be viewed ________ a way of meeting certain social goals.
7．He wanted ________ (trick) us, but we saw through his game.
8．There are ________ (variety) ways to deal with the problem.
9．Many new ________ (type) of diseases are spreading in that area.
10．She has ________ (virtual) become our adviser.
Ⅲ.短语填空
a variety of， look forward to， be afraid of， more or less， in a positive light， experiment with， instant messenger， be concerned about， in one's view， trick...into...
1．You can't ________ those people ________ staying here.
2．We spent two hours collecting information in ________________ chart forms.
3．He ________________ working with me.
4．I think that he is ________________ involved in the affair.
5．We should view ourselves ________________.
6．________________， you should do the work once again.
7．The general security awareness of China's ________________ users is relatively low.
8．They ________________ rats in the lab now.
9．There is nothing to ________________. The sky won't fall down.
10．People in the village ________________ the quality of the air.
Ⅳ.语法专练
1．用所给词的适当形式填空
(1)I wasn't sure whether Lucy ________________ (come) the next year.
(2)Li Hua said he ________________ (be) happy if the professor came to his school the next month.
(3)My son told me last night that he ________________ (be) going to visit Disney World.
(4)I hoped my grandparents ________________ (attend) my birthday party on time the next Saturday.
(5)Whenever he had time, he ________________ (help) them with their work.
2．完成句子
(1)李雷告诉我说他将会在中国度过这个假期。
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
(2)昨天他说他会来，但是却没出现。
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
(3)当他们告知我计划的时候，我还不确定是否有时间参加那次旅行。
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
(4)上个周末我们打算一起去野餐，但是我哥哥生病了。
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
(5)当电脑被发明的时候，人们认为它将在许多方面改变我们的生活。
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
The avatar one chooses says a lot about one's personality. Most people choose avatars with similar features 1.________ their personalities. The avatars look more or less like them and act like them. However, nearly all avatars 2.________ (obvious) look better than people who choose them do in real life. Avatars are tall, young and nice looking.
Nowadays, avatars 3.________ (be) everywhere. In most web chats, there is a 4.________ (select) of ready made images for people to choose from. Some people even create their own images. Their avatars can move around and talk when they type in their message. Some avatars in online worlds can even meet people, go shopping and attend 5.________ (class)．
The use of avatars is also concerning. Some users are spending so much time in virtual worlds 6.________ they are afraid of meeting people in the real world. The use of several avatars can also be 7.________ risk, as people can use avatars 8.________ (cheat) others online. However, other users hold a positive view. They expect that in the future 9.________ (they) avatars will act like a real person and travel around bigger, more 10.________ (excite) virtual worlds.
Ⅰ.阅读
A
We ask teachers from the BuzzFeed Community to tell us about the kindest thing a student has ever done for them. Here are some of their most lovely responses.
Jackie Cheung, via WeChat
“I was having a really bad day and saw a large group of kids surrounding another group. Expecting the worst, I went over, only to discover they were all trying to rearrange a vase of flowers they got me.”
Jennifer Graham, via Facebook
“One student I worked particularly closely with wrote a goodbye card to me that said, ‘You make me proud of myself.’I still take it out and read it when I'm feeling down.”
Kyle Curry, via LinkedIn
“The best gift I ever received was a letter from my worst behaved student in my mailbox on the first day of the new school year explaining how thankful he was for having me as his French teacher which said, ‘We may have had our ups and downs, but you never gave up on me.’”
Eli Sullivan, via Facebook
“I taught in Japan as a teaching assistant and the job was really interesting but the hours were long, so I drank Coke to keep me going. My students found it fascinating that I regularly had a can of cola on my desk, so for my going away present they bought a giant three liter container of Coke and wrote lovely messages with their names in Japanese and English on the label.”
1．What surprised Jackie Cheung
A．The really bad day. B．A group of students.
C．The flowers for him. D．A traffic accident.
2．Why did the student write to Kyle
A．Because the student wanted to send Kyle a gift.
B．Because it was the first day of the new school year.
C．Because the student was asking him a question.
D．Because the student tried to express thanks.
3．Who might have taught in Japan
A．Jackie Cheung. B．Jennifer Graham.
C．Kyle Curry. D．Eli Sullivan.
4．What can we infer about the teachers mentioned in the text
A．They are remembered by students.
B．They are Facebook users.
C．They are all volunteer teachers.
D．They are English teachers.
B
Of course, she wasn't really my aunt and, out of fear, I never called her that to her face. I only referred to her as “My Aunt Fannie” because the name always made my father laugh quietly and gave my mother cause to look strictly at both of us—at me for being disrespectful of my elder and at my father for encouraging my bad behavior. I enjoyed both reactions, so I looked for every opportunity to work the name into as many conversations as possible.
As a young woman, my mother had worked in the kitchen of a large Victorian farmhouse. During those years, my mother helped Aunt Fannie make the best blueberry jam ever tasted by anyone in Glenfield. She was well known for her jam and for never sharing the recipe with others. Even though my mother knew the recipe by heart, as long as Aunt Fannie was alive, she never made the jam without Aunt Fannie in our kitchen to direct the process and keep the secret.
Each August, my mother would prepare me for Aunt Fannie's visit. One year, after I had helped with the jam process, Aunt Fannie gave me a coin and then made me promise that I would never spend it. “Hold onto this coin，” she said, “and someday you will be rich. I still have my very first coin, given to me by my grandmother.” So, I kept the coin in a small box and waited to become rich.
I now have the blueberry jam recipe and the coin from Aunt Fannie. In people's eyes Aunt Fannie's success resulted from that secret recipe. But to me, it was just a common recipe. Neither have made me become a rich person, but I keep them as reminders to hold onto the valuable things in life. Money can make you feel rich for a while, but it is the relationships and the memories of time spent with friends and family that truly leave you wealthy. And that is a fortune that anyone can build.
5．Why did the author always use the name “My Aunt Fannie” in conversations
A．She liked Aunt Fannie's recipe.
B．She was frightened of Aunt Fannie.
C．She enjoyed her parents' reactions.
D．She greatly respected “Aunt Fannie”．
6．What does the underlined word “she” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．Aunt Fannie.
B．The author's grandmother.
C．The author's mother.
D．Aunt Fannie's grandmother.
7．What does the author encourage readers to do in the last paragraph
A．To hold onto the first coin in life.
B．To make as many friends as possible.
C．To make money with their own hands.
D．To spend more time with family and friends.
8．What could be the best title for this passage
A．The Key to Success
B．Blueberry Jam Recipe
C．A Fortune Built from a Coin
D．A Relationship of Trust
C
As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric (生物测量) technologies—like fingerprint scans—to keep others out of private e spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.
Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low cost device (装置) that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence (节奏) with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user's typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people's identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it's connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right.
It also doesn't require a new type of technology that people aren't already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.
In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch” four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.
9．Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard
A．To reduce pressure on keys.
B．To improve accuracy in typing.
C．To replace the password system.
D．To cut the cost of e space protection.
10．What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible
A．Computers are much easier to operate.
B．Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.
C．Typing patterns vary from person to person.
D．Data security measures are guaranteed.
11．What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard
A．It'll be environment friendly.
B．It'll reach consumers soon.
C．It'll be made of plastics.
D．It'll help speed up typing.
12．Where is this text most likely from
A．A diary. B．A guidebook.
C．A novel. D．A magazine.
Ⅱ.七选五
3D printing is becoming more and more popular. __1__ People and businesses are able to create the things they need very quickly and easily using 3D printers.
__2__ Some scientists are trying to revolutionise the dining experience by doing this. They hope that having a 3D printer in the kitchen will become as common as the microwave. Scientists say that they are easy to use: you simply have to select a recipe and put the raw food “inks” into the printer. You can also change the instructions to make the food exactly how you want it. __3__ Using 3D printers to create your meals would also save the environment because there would be less need for traditional growing and transporting processes.
__4__ It could take away many jobs, including those for growing and transporting food. Imagine a world where there is no need for farming or growing crops and the same tastes and textures (质地) can be printed from a raw “food ink”. Likewise, traditional cafes and restaurants might lose business. Additionally, there are concerns about the nutritional value of printed food. __5__
What's more, cooking and eating together with family and friends has long been a traditional and enjoyable activity. It is hard to imagine a world where cooking is dead and meals can be created at the touch of a button.
A．But can you imagine printing food
B．Not all 3D printers use the same technology.
C．3D printing technology will change the way we live in the future.
D．This means it would be very quick and easy to create tasty meals.
E．Is it really possible to get the nutrition we need from food based inks
F．We are now able to print things such as clothing, musical instruments and car models.
G．However, some people think that a future of 3D printed food would be a disaster.
Ⅲ.语法填空
You will meet many people in school, in college and at work. They'll try to have nicer cars, bigger houses and 1.________ (pretty) clothes. To them, life is a 2.________ (compete)—they have to do better than their peers to be happy.
Here's a secret: Life isn't a match. It's a journey. If you spend it always 3.________ (try) to impress others, you're wasting your life. Instead, learn to enjoy the journey. Make it a journey of happiness, of continual improvement, and filled 4.________ love.
Don't worry about having a nicer car or house or anything material, or even 5.________ better paying job. None of them matters, and none of them will make you happier. You'll obtain these 6.________ (thing) and then only want more. Instead, learn to be 7.________ (satisfy) with having enough and then use the time 8.________ would have been wasted to try to earn money to buy those things.
Find your passion, and go after it 9.________ (constant). Don't work for only paying the bills. Life is too short 10.________ (waste) on a job you hate.
Part 2　Lesson 1　Avatars
必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．hairstyle　2.typed　3.nowadays　4.experiment　5.cheats
6．image　7.fancy　8.instant　9.blog　10.virtual
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．obviously　2.sense　3.create　4.concerning　5.selected　6.as　7.to trick　8.various　9.types　10.virtually
Ⅲ.短语填空
1．trick...into　2.a variety of　3.looks forward to
4．more or less　5.in a positive light　6.In my view
7．instant messenger　8.are experimenting with
9．be afraid of　10.are concerned about
Ⅳ.语法专练
1．(1)would come　(2)would be　(3)was　(4)would attend
(5)would help
2．(1)Li Lei told me that he would spend the holiday in China.
(2)Yesterday he said he would come, but he didn't turn up.
(3)When they told me the plan, I was not so sure whether I would have time to take the trip.
(4)We planned we were going to have a picnic last weekend, but my brother fell ill.
(5)When computers were invented, it was believed that they would change our life in many aspects.
Ⅴ.课文语法填空
1．答案与解析：to　考查介词。固定搭配similar to，表示“与……相似”。
2．答案与解析：obviously　考查副词。用副词obviously做状语，修饰谓语动词look。
3．答案与解析：are　考查时态。根据文章语境可知此处应用一般现在时，表示“现在，网络头像无处不在”；主语avatars为复数形式，故填are。
4．答案与解析：selection　考查名词。selection表示“被挑选的人或物”。
5．答案与解析：classes　考查名词。此空用class的复数形式构成短语attend classes，表示“上课”。
6．答案与解析：that　考查状语从句。此句用so...that...句型表示“如此……以致……”。
7．答案与解析：a　考查冠词。根据句意可知此处用a risk表示使用网络头像也可能会是一件有风险的事。
8．答案与解析：to cheat　考查非谓语动词。不定式to do做目的状语，句意为“……用网络头像去欺骗别人”。
9．答案与解析：their　考查代词。形容词性物主代词their修饰空格后面的avatars。
10．答案与解析：exciting　考查非谓语动词。根据前面的bigger及more可知，此处用形容词exciting修饰名词短语virtual worlds。
关键能力综合练
Ⅰ.阅读
A
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文，列举了四位老师回忆他们的学生们为他们做过的最暖心的事。尽管这些事情不尽相同，但是师生的情谊令人赞叹不已。
1．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Expecting the worst, I went over, only to discover they were all trying to rearrange a vase of flowers they got me.”可知，心想着学生会有恶作剧，却发现学生给他的是一瓶鲜花。
2．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The best gift I ever received was a letter from my worst behaved student in my mailbox on the first day of the new school year explaining how thankful he was for having me as his French teacher...”可知，学生给Kyle写信是为了表达感谢之情。
3．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“I taught in Japan as a teaching assistant...”可知答案。
4．答案与解析：A　推理判断题。文中四位教师的共同之处在于他们深受学生的喜爱，故推断学生对他们久久难忘。故选A项。
B
【语篇解读】　作者通过讲述芬妮姨妈和她的蓝莓酱配方，向我们说明金钱只能暂时让人感觉富有，唯有和他人的关系以及与朋友家人们一起度过的那些日子有关的回忆才会让我们变得真正富有。
5．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“I enjoyed both reactions, so I looked for every opportunity to work the name into as many conversations as possible.”可知，我很喜欢用“My Aunt Fannie”是因为我喜欢父母对我这样说的反应。
6．答案与解析：A　词义猜测题。根据画线单词前面的“During those years, my mother helped Aunt Fannie make the best blueberry jam ever tasted by anyone in Glenfield.”可知，Aunt Fannie蓝莓酱做得非常好，她正是因此而很有名。所以本句的she指代的就是Aunt Fannie。
7．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。根据最后一段的倒数第二句“Money can make you feel rich for a while, but it is the relationships and the memories of time spent with friends and family that truly leave you wealthy.”可知，作者认为金钱只能暂时让人感觉富有，唯有和他人的关系以及与朋友家人们一起度过的那些日子有关的回忆才会让我们变得真正富有。由此可推断出，作者建议我们多花时间和家人在一起。
8．答案与解析：B　主旨大意题。Aunt Fannie因为她做的蓝莓酱而出名，而她做蓝莓酱的秘诀就是对人生的感悟。真正让我们幸福的是和他人的关系以及与家人朋友一起度过的那些日子有关的回忆。因此，本文的最佳标题应为“蓝莓酱食谱”。
C
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主题语境是科学与技术，主题语境内容为科技发展。文章介绍了Georgia Tech的研究者们想出了一种低成本的装置——智能键盘，来保护私人的电子空间，并希望这种设备能尽快进入市场，服务消费者。本文侧重培养学生的创新能力。
9．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。本题题干意为：研究者们为什么研发智能键盘？根据文章第一段可知，现在一些阻止别人进入私人电子空间的技术成本仍然很高。因此，来自Georgia Tech的研究者们想出了一种低成本的(low cost)装置——智能键盘，来应对这个问题。所以答案为D项：减少电子空间保护的成本。A：减轻对按键的压力；B：提升打字的精确度；C：取代密码系统。
10．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。本题题干意为：什么使智能键盘这项发明成为可能？根据第二段第四句“These patterns are unique to each person.”可知，因为每个人的打字模式各不相同，所以智能键盘能识别人的身份，保护人的隐私。所以答案为C项：打字模式因人而异。A：计算机很容易操作；B：指纹扫描技术发展很快：D：数据安全措施有保证。
11．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。本题题干意为：研究者们对智能键盘期待什么？根据文章最后一段最后两句话，研究者们说键盘应该直接商业化，智能键盘主要是由价格低廉的塑料类配件制成，团队希望它在不久的将来进入市场。所以答案为B项(它将很快到达消费者手里)。A：它将是环保的；C：它将用塑料制造。此项为干扰项，用塑料制造是事实，但不是将来发生的事；D：它将有助于加速打字。
12．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。本题题干意为：这篇文章最有可能来自哪里？文章介绍了一种新的保护电子隐私空间的设备——智能键盘，并且希望产品能很快走进市场。本文语言客观严谨，属于科普类文章，故答案为D项：杂志。A：日记；B：旅行指南；C：小说。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文，话题是现代科技类。3D打印越来越深入人们的生活，一些科学家正尝试用3D打印技术打印食物。
1．答案与解析：F　本空承接上文，3D打印正变得越来越普及，我们现在可以打印衣服、乐器和汽车模型。
2．答案与解析：A　根据本空后对有些科学家正在进行的研究的描述可知，此处是指你能否想象打印食物。
3．答案与解析：D　根据本空前两句中科学家所给出的3D打印食物的过程可知，本空是对上面描述的总结：这意味着我们可以很快且很容易地制造出好吃的食物。
4．答案与解析：G　由本空后的take away many jobs，lose business等可知，本空引出下文的内容：然而，有些人认为一个使用3D打印食物的未来将会是一场灾难。
5．答案与解析：E　本空是对上一句的补充：我们真的有可能从“食物墨水”中得到我们需要的营养吗？
Ⅲ.语法填空
【语篇解读】　本文是议论文。文章介绍了一些人生道理：人生不是比赛，要学会享受旅程，不要将时间浪费在不喜欢的工作上。
1．答案与解析：prettier　考查形容词。他们会尝试拥有更好的车、更大的房子或“更漂亮”的衣服。根据句中的“nicer”和“bigger”可知应用比较级，故填prettier。
2．答案与解析：competition　考查名词。对他们来说，人生就是“竞争”。不定冠词后接单数名词，故填competition。
3．答案与解析：trying　考查非谓语动词。如果你总是把时间花在“试图”给别人留下深刻的印象上，那你就是在浪费生命。spend time (in) doing sth.是固定句型，意为“花费时间做某事”，故填trying。
4．答案与解析：with　考查介词。be filled with...是固定搭配，意为“充满……”，故填with。
5．答案与解析：a　考查冠词。这里泛指“一份报酬更丰厚的工作”，应用不定冠词，better的发音是辅音音素开头，故填a。
6．答案与解析：things　考查名词复数。你会得到这些东西，然后只想要更多。thing意为“东西”，是可数名词，和these搭配用复数，故填things。
7．答案与解析：satisfied　考查形容词。be satisfied with.是固定搭配，意为“对……满意”，故填satisfied。
8．答案与解析：which/that　考查关系代词。所填词引导的是一个限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the time，在从句中作主语，因此用关系代词，故填which或that。
9．答案与解析：constantly　考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词短语go after，作状语，故填constantly。
10．答案与解析：to waste　考查非谓语动词。人生太短暂了，不能浪费在你不喜欢的工作上。too...to...是固定搭配，意为“太……而不能……”，故填to waste。