(共107张PPT)
（五）
Unit ５
（100分钟 120分）
第Ⅰ卷（选择题）
Ⅱ. 单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
21. If you were＿＿＿, would you be able to defend yourself
A. destroyed B. attacked C. advised D. killed
【解析】选B。考查词义辨析。句意：如果你受到攻击，你能够自卫吗？destroy 破坏；advise 建议；kill 杀死，与句意不符；attack 攻击，袭击，符合句意，故选B。
22. If you are in trouble, please＿＿＿＿me.
A. look at B. go to
C. turn to D. turn on
【解析】 选C。考查短语辨析。句意：如果你有麻烦，请找我帮忙。look at看着；go to 去(某个地方)；turn on 打开(收音机等)；turn to求助于，符合句意，故选C。
23. You should be ______ in class. Only listening without speaking is not good for you.
A. active B. silent C. quiet D. jump
【解析】选A。考查固定搭配。句意：在课堂上你应积极主动点。只听不说对你没有益处。be active in 在……方面活跃，固定搭配，符合句意，故选A。
24. Although the working mother is very busy, she still＿＿＿a lot of time to children.
A. spends B. devotes
C. offers D. provides
【解析】 选B。考查固定搭配。句意：尽管那位妈妈工作很忙，但是她还是把很多时间花在孩子们身上。devote. . . to. . . 是固定搭配，表示“献身于……；致力于……”；spend on sth. /in doing sth. 花费时间(干)某事；offer sth. to sb. 向某人提供某物；provide sth. for sb. 向某人提供某物, 故选B。
25. —Where’s the post office
—______
—I asked where the post office is.
A. Mm，let me think. B. I beg your pardon
C. Sorry，I’m a stranger here. D. What do you mean
【解析】选B。考查交际用语。由第三句可知应选B（没听清楚，请再说一遍）。A项表示“嗯，让我想想”；C项表示“抱歉，我对这儿不熟悉”；D项表示“你是什么意思”，均不符合语境。
26. People in the city voted＿＿＿the lawyer to be the leader of the committee, for they thought he could give a correct order to the city.
A. against B. on C. for D. through
【解析】 选C。考查vote的用法。句意：这个城市的人们都投票赞成那位律师做那个委员会的领导，因为他们认为他能给予正确的决策。vote against 投票反对；vote on sth. 以表决的方式表明观点和选择；vote sth. through投票通过(计划等)；vote for 投票赞成……，符合句意，故选C。
27. They are of＿＿＿ability, but I think Mary＿＿＿the job.
A. equally; is equal B. equal; is equal to
C. equal; equals D. equally; is equaled
【解析】 选B。考查equal的用法。句意：他们几乎旗鼓相当，但我认为玛丽能胜任此项工作。第一个空中equal是形容词，修饰名词ability。第二个空中be equal to the job 胜任这项工作，其中to 是介词，故选B。
28. I don’t like the way＿＿＿he speaks to his parents.
A. 不填 B. which C. in that D. of which
【解析】 选A。考查定语从句。句意：我不喜欢他同他父母讲话的方式。从语境看，先行词way 在从句中作状语，即in the way, 在这种情况下，关系词可以用that, in which或不填，故选A。
【举一反三】
What angered me was not what she said but _____ she said it.
A. in the way B. in the way that
C. the way D. the way which
【解析】 选C。考查定语从句。句意：使我愤怒的不是她说了什么，而是她说话的方式。从结构看，空白处所缺的是与what she并列的表语the way, the way 后接定语从句。有三种方式：用in which, that 或省略关系副词(不填)，故选C。
【规律方法】the way 后的关系词谁做主？
1)the way 在定语从句中作状语时，一般用in which或that引导，亦可省略。
I don’t like the way that/ in which/不填 he tells me the news. 我不喜欢他告诉我那个消息时的方式。
I have mastered the way that/in which/不填he learned English. 我已掌握了他学英语的方法。
2)the way 在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，一般用which或that引导。(作宾语时可以省略)
The way which/that/不填 he explained to us was not difficult to understand.
他向我们解释的那种方法不是很难理解。
29. The teacher has got many good______, so we think he must be a qualified(合格的) teacher in the school.
A. qualities B. quality
C. quantities D. quantity
【解析】 选A。句意：那个老师有很多的优秀品质，因此我们认为他在学校一定是一位能胜任的老师。qualities 是名词，表示“品德，品质”，故选A。
30. The police asked him to _____ what he had seen in a report.
［2011石家庄高一检测］
A. set up B. set off
C. set down D. set about
【解析】 选C。考查短语辨析。句意：警察让他把他所看到的在报告中写下来。set off 出发，动身；set up 设立，建立；set about 着手做；set down 写下，记下，符合句意，故选C。
31. It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to＿＿＿.
A. prizes B. results
C. awards D. rewards
【解析】 选D。考查词义辨析。句意：婴儿学习做事情因为某些行为会得到父母的奖赏，这种观点被人们广泛接受。prize 奖金；award 表示“在某方面做出贡献而得到的奖品、奖金”；result 结果，不合句意；reward 奖赏，报酬，符合句意，故选D。
【规律方法】你会“奖励”吗？
reward/ award/ prize 三者的含义基本相同，但在不同的语境中含义有所差别。
1) reward 报答，报偿，奖赏，多指对某人的工作或服务等的报答。
The young man received a reward for saving the old woman’s life.
因救了那位老太太的命，那位年轻人得到了一笔奖金。
2) award指正式的或官方的“颁发，授予，给予”，也可以指法庭裁决给予。表示“在某方面做出贡献而得到鼓励性的奖品、奖金”。还可以指某些领域所设的奖项。如：Golden Globe Award(金球奖)
The school principal awarded a prize in history to the best student. 学校校长把历史奖授予最出色的学生。
3) prize“奖赏，奖金，奖品”，多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽奖中所获的奖，这种奖赏有的凭能力获得，有的凭运气获得。
the Nobel Prize诺贝尔奖
In the competition he has won many prizes.
在那次比赛中他获得了许多奖品。
32. With the help of the rescue workers, many people managed to escape＿＿＿the burning building and escape＿＿＿＿killed.
［2011宁波高一检测］
A. /; being B. from; to be
C. from; being D. /; from being
【解析】 选C。考查escape的用法。句意：在援救工人的援助下，许多人成功地从燃烧的大楼中逃离而幸免于难。escape from 从……逃离；escape doing 逃脱，避免，故选C。
33. We are living in an age＿＿＿plenty of things have been done on computer.
A. which B. that C. whose D. when
【解析】选D。考查定语从句。句意：我们现在生活在这样一个许多事情都在网上进行的时代。先行词是age, 表示时间的抽象名词，并且所选关系词在从句中作状语，故用when。
34. Only by practicing a few hours everyday＿＿＿be able to master the language.
A. you can B. can you
C. you will D. will you
【解析】 选D。考查倒装句式。句意：只有每天你都练习上几个小时，你才能够掌握那门语言。only 引导状语放在句首时，主句要用倒装句式，排除A、C两项；又因为主句中有“be able to”，不能选B，故选D。
35. The two things＿＿＿they felt very proud are Jim’s gold watch and Della’s hair.
A. about which B. of which
C. in which D. for which
【解析】选B。考查介词与关系词引导的定语从句。句意：他们引以为豪的两样东西是吉姆的金表和黛拉的头发。feel proud of感到骄傲，自豪, 把of 提前，且先行词为物，故选B。
Ⅲ. 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
My brother, Mark, died in a traffic accident four years ago. He was my big brother and 36 looked after me. I am 37 today for all of the special times we had as running partners, and times 38 driving to different races, where we had so many 39 about life in general. I 40 these talks terribly at this time of the year.
41 , I am so happy he shared with me the 42 of his faith. He was always so 43 to people, and I had been with him many times 44 we pulled over to help someone in need, 45 a smile and helping them get back on the road. So I was not 46 when he told me of the time when he was 47 in college: It was the end of the month. To make matters worse, it was Friday and he had no 48 in his pocket for the weekend. Payday was Monday and he had no gas money to get home to 49 my dad and no money to buy food but he had faith that helping others 50 helping yourself.
On his way home from classes that day, as he was driving along, he noticed a guy ahead of him 51 his lumber(木材)all over the road as he turned the corner. Mark 52 right over and helped him load the lumber back into his truck. The guy was so thankful and 53 his hand to Mark, and in it was one hundred dollars. Mark couldn’t believe his 54 . He told the guy that was unnecessary but the man 55 and off he drove.
I still think of Mark sitting there telling me that story, with tears in his eyes, and how faithful he was.
哥哥在一次事故中去世，可是他生前乐于助人的精神一直激励着作者。文章讲述了哥哥助人的一个事例。
36. A. hardly B. never C. seldom D. always
【解析】选D。联系作者对哥哥的思念之情，结合下文提到他乐于助人可知，他总是照顾作者。hardly, never和seldom都表示否定意义。
37. A. successful B. thankful C. cheerful D. hopeful
【解析】选B。根据下文中提到的all of the special times we had as running partners等情节可以推知作者对哥哥充满感激之情。
38. A. spared B. wasted C. spent D. saved
【解析】选C。此处选spent用作times的定语，这里没有“腾出、浪费或节省”之意。
39. A. questions B. arguments
C. quarrels D. conversations
【解析】选D。联系下文中的I. . . these talks terribly, 说明作者经常和哥哥一起谈论生活。
40. A. miss B. recite C. keep D. fear
【解析】选A。作者怀念和哥哥在一起时的谈话。terribly非常地，是关键词。
41. A. However B. So C. Then D. If
【解析】选A。第一段主要描述了作者对哥哥的思念之情，第二段主要讲了哥哥助人为乐的故事。此处作者想要表达的是“能与哥哥分享有关他坚定信念的故事作者很高兴”。这与上文的“思念”形成了转折关系，故选However。
42. A. record B. belief C. story D. secret
【解析】选C。作者很高兴，哥哥能和他一起分享有关他的坚定信念的故事，这里指下文中描述的哥哥帮助别人的事情。
43. A. harmful B. helpful
C. powerful D. grateful
【解析】选B。根据下文I had been with him many times. . . help someone in need可知，他总是乐于助人。
44. A. because B. while C. until D. when
【解析】选D。有很多次，作者和哥哥停下车来帮助那些需要帮助的人。when引导定语从句。
45. A. sharing B. forcing
C. recognizing D. understanding
【解析】选A。share分享。此处表示哥哥把微笑和帮助带给他人。
46. A. pleased B. worried C. surprised D. excited
【解析】选C。作者对哥哥的乐于助人有所了解，所以当他说起在大学时期的一些事情的时候，作者并不感到吃惊。
47. A. never B. yet C. even D. still
【解析】选D。那时他还在上大学。
48. A. food B. money C. paper D. key
【解析】选B。他那个时候还在上大学，到了月底，而且又是周五（星期一是发薪日），所以他身无分文。下文的no money是提示。
49. A. change B. attend
C. see D. persuade
【解析】选C。他没有钱回家看望父亲，没有钱买食物。
50. A. means B. follows C. explains D. agrees
【解析】选A。虽然身无分文，但是他始终坚信帮助别人就意味着帮助自己。
51. A. carry B. lose C. arrange D. place
【解析】选B。根据下文中的helped him load the lumber back into his truck（帮助他把木材重新装到车上）可知，在拐弯的时候木材掉了。
52. A. pushed B. moved C. pulled D. walked
【解析】选C。他停下车，帮助卡车司机把木材重新装到车上。pull over驶向路边，向路边停靠。
53. A. raised B. held C. offered D. shook
【解析】选C。卡车司机把手伸向Mark。offer sb. one’s hand伸出手。
54. A. eyes B. ears C. mind D. feeling
【解析】选A。司机手里是一百美元，Mark不敢相信他的眼睛，言外之意，这使他很吃惊。结合上文中提到的他的窘境可知，司机给的钱无疑是雪中送炭。
55. A. complained B. apologized
C. regretted D. insisted
【解析】选D。Mark告诉卡车司机没必要给钱，但是司机仍然坚持要给他。
Ⅳ. 阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
(A)
His first successful fight was for the
equal rights of black people in South
Africa. Then, as the first black president,
he fought to unite the country and organize
the government. Now Nelson Mandela has
set his sights on a new enemy, AIDS.
On March 19 Mandela, former president, hosted his second AIDS awareness concert. He warned that 25 million people in Africa were already infected with the fatal disease.
Mandela was born in a small village in South Africa in 1918. He was adopted by the chief of his tribe and could have been a chief himself and lived a happy country life.
But he refused to be a chief when his people lived under racial discrimination. He decided to fight for equal rights for all people in South Africa. Before 1990, under the country’s Racial Segregation Law, coloured and white people lived separately. Black people were treated unfairly even when taking a bus. Blacks had to stand at the back of the bus to make room for white people even when there were only a few of them on board.
For his opposition to the system, Mandela was arrested and spent 27 years in prison. He was freed in 1990 and became the president of the country after the first election were held in which everyone could vote.
Mandela was not only a political fighter who attacked with speeches. He was also a trained boxer and fought in the ring when he was young.
“Although I did not enjoy the violence of boxing, I was interested in how one moved one’s body to protect oneself, how one used a strategy both to attack and retreat”, he wrote in his autobiography(自传).
As a skilled fighter, he chose music as his weapon against AIDS. He hopes to win another victory against AIDS.
56. When was Mandela arrested ＿＿＿＿ .
A. In 1963
B. In 1990
C. When he refused to be a chief
D. When he became the president
【解析】选A。推理判断题。从第五段“. . . Mandela was arrested and spent 27 years in prison. He was freed in 1990”可计算出答案：1990- 27= 1963，故选A。
57. Nelson Mandela succeeded in doing the following EXCEPT＿＿＿＿.
A. winning the equal rights for the black people in South Africa
B. uniting South Africa
C. organizing a government in South Africa
D. controlling the spread of AIDS
【解析】选D。推理判断题。由文章内容可知，A、B、C三项，都是曼德拉做成功的事；而由末段最后一句He hopes to win another victory against AIDS. 可知还未取得胜利，故选D。
58. If Nelson Mandela hadn’t fought against racial discrimination, he＿＿＿.
A. could easily have been the president of South Africa
B. could still have lived a happy life
C. could have been in a difficult situation
D. could have been an excellent boxer
【解析】选B。细节理解题。从第三段最后一句“He was adopted by the chief of his tribe and could have been a chief himself and lived a happy country life. ”可知答案。
59. It can be inferred that Nelson Mandela＿＿＿＿.
A. continues to help the black people with the political struggle
B. is taking a position in a music group
C. is carrying on the world’s greatest fight against AIDS
D. is preparing for the next president election
【解析】选C。推理判断题。综合全文可知A、B、D三项错误；从末段最后一句He hopes to win another victory against AIDS. 可推断出答案，因为艾滋病在非洲很严重。
60. Which of the following statements can best describe the life of Nelson Mandela
A. Struggle is his life.
B. Sports make his fame.
C. Fight for equal rights.
D. A great fighter against government.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。综合全文可知B、C、D三项，都仅描述了曼德拉的一个方面，不全面，只有A项概括了他的特征和精神，故选A。
(B)
Martin Luther King, Jr. was a great
man who worked for racial equality and
civil rights in the United States of America.
He was born on January 15, 1929, in Atlanta, Georgia. Both his father and grandfather were ministers. His mother was a school teacher who taught him how to read before he went to school.
Young Martin was an excellent student in school. He skipped grades in both elementary school and high school. He enjoyed reading books, singing, riding a bicycle, and playing football and baseball. Martin entered Morehouse College in Atlanta, Georgia, when he was only 15 years old.
Martin experienced racism early in life. He decided to do something to make the world a better and fairer place.
After graduating from college and getting married, Dr. King became a minister and moved to Alabama.
During the 1950’s, Dr. King became active in the movement for civil rights and racial equality. He participated in the Montgomery, Alabama, bus boycott and many other peaceful demonstrations(示威游行) that protested the unfair treatment of African-Americans. He was arrested more than twenty times and attacked at least four times in his life. He was named Man of the Year by Time magazine in 1963, and became not only the symbolic leader of American blacks but also a world figure.
At the age of thirty-five, Martin Luther King, Jr. , was the youngest man to have received the Nobel Peace Prize.
Dr. King was assassinated(暗杀) on April 4, 1968, in Memphis, Tennessee.
In memory of the life of the important leader, the festival of Martin Luther King Day is celebrated each year in January, the month in which he was born. August 28, anniversary of Dr. King’s 1963 I have a dream speech, is called “Dream Day”.
61. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage
A. Dr. King received a good education.
B. The reason why Dr. King devoted himself to the civil rights movement.
C. Dr. King’s house was bombed.
D. Dr. King will be remembered by people forever.
【解析】 选C。细节理解题。文章中并未提到“马丁·路德·金的家被炸”，其他三项文章都有涉及，故选C。
62. Martin Luther King, Jr. won the Nobel Peace Prize in＿＿＿.
A. 1958 B. 1963 C. 1964 D. 1968
【解析】 选C。推理判断题。由第六段At the age of thirty-five, Martin Luther King, Jr. , was the youngest man to have received the Nobel Peace Prize. 知他三十五岁获得诺贝尔和平奖，而他是1929年出生，故选C。
63. Which is the correct time order of the following events
a. Martin was born in Atlanta, Georgia.
b. Dr. King was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee.
c. Dr. King was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
d. Martin graduated from Morehouse College.
e. Martin Luther King Day was declared a national holiday in the U. S. .
f. Dr. King gave his I have a dream speech at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington D. C. .
A. a-f-d-c-e-b B. a-d-f-c-e-b
C. a-f-d-b-c-e D. a-d-f-c-b-e
【解析】 选D。推理判断题。根据文章可知马丁1929年出生；1963年作了“I have a dream”的演讲；马丁15岁上大学，可推知其大学毕业应在1963年前；1964年获得诺贝尔和平奖；1968年被暗杀；1968年后为了纪念这位杰出的领导人有了马丁·路德·金纪念日，故选D。
(C)
One day, I happened to talk to a stranger on the bus. When he found out that I was from Chicago, he told me that one of his good friends lived there and he wondered if I happened to know him. At first I wanted to say that it was foolish to think like that, for from all the millions of people in Chicago, I could not possibly know his friend. But, instead, I just smiled and said that Chicago was a very big city. He was quiet for a few minutes, and then he began to tell me all about his friend.
He told me that his friend was an excellent tennis player and that he even had his own tennis court (网球场). He added that he knew a lot of people with swimming pools, but that he only knew two people in the country who had their own tennis courts. And his friend in Chicago was one of them. I told him that I knew several people like that, for example, my brother and my next-door neighbor. I told him that my brother was a doctor and he lived in California. Then he
asked where my brother lived in California. When I said Sacramento, he said that last year his friend spent the summer in Sacramento and lived next door to a doctor. The doctor had a tennis court. I said that my next-door went to Sacramento last summer and lived in the house next to my brother’s. For a moment, we looked at each other, but we did not say anything.
“Would your friend’s name happen to be Roland Kirkwood ” I asked finally. He laughed and said, “Would your brother’s name happen to be Dr. Ray Hunter ” It was my turn to laugh.
64. Which of the following is TRUE
A. The story happened in Chicago.
B. The writer’s brother lived in Sacramento.
C. Both the writer and the stranger lived in Chicago.
D. Both the writer and his brother lived in California.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。从第一段When he found out that I was from Chicago知A、C错误；从第二段I told him that my brother was a doctor and he lived in California. 知D项错误；从Then he asked where my brother lived in California. When I said Sacramento. . . 知B正确。
65. The writer said that Chicago was a very big city. That means_____.
A. it was possible for him to happen to know the stranger’s friend
B. he didn’t want to look for the stranger’s friend
C. he didn’t know the stranger’s friend
D. it was impossible to find the stranger’s friend
【解析】选C。细节理解题。从第一段At first I wanted to say that it was foolish to think like that, for from all the millions of people in Chicago, I could not possibly know his friend. 可知其意思为C。
66. How many persons does the story involve (涉及)
A. Four. B. Five. C. Six. D. Seven.
【解析】选A。推理判断题。从全文不难看出文章提到了四个人：作者，作者的brother, 一个陌生人，陌生人的朋友。
67. Which is the best title of the story
A. On a bus B. Two tennis players
C. One in a million D. Chicago is a big city
【解析】选C。主旨大意题。综合全文不难看出：作者和陌生人在公交车上相遇已是很巧合的事，交谈中提到的作者的brother和陌生人的朋友竟然曾经是邻居，难道这不是巧合中的巧合吗？C项最能体现此意，故选C。
(D)
Pigs are always considered dirty
animals because they roll in mud(泥).
But in fact they prefer being quite
clean. They cover themselves with mud to help stay cool. During cooler weather, they prefer to stay clean. So do
elephants, who also cover themselves in dust or mud to keep cool. When they find a place with clean water they will take a bath, using their long noses to give themselves—or each other—a nice shower.
Some animals use dust to get clean. Chinchillas(南美洲栗鼠)have very fine fur. They don’t like to take water baths because water is not warm enough for them. So, instead, they roll around in fine dust. The dust helps to keep their fur and skin dry. This protects them from disease.
Usually, a small bird is a light meal
for a crocodile(鳄鱼). But when a crocodile
wants its teeth cleaned, it lies on the ground
with its mouth open. The crocodile bird goes
in and picks out any parasites(寄生虫)
between the crocodile’s teeth or under its tongue. The crocodile gets its mouth cleaned, and the crocodile bird gets dinner.
You wouldn’t think fish would
need baths. But some undersea parasites
live under the fish’s skin. “Cleaner” fish,
like the wrasse(隆头鱼), helps take them
away. The wrasse stands on its head and dances to signal a big fish that it is ready to go into the cleaning business. The big fish will stop moving and open its mouth wide so the wrasse can swim inside and pick out parasites and bits of food.
68. The passage is mainly about how animals＿＿＿＿.
A. stay clean B. help each other
C. get their food D. take baths
【解析】 选A。主旨大意题。整篇文章都介绍了动物们是如何保持洁净的。
【规律方法】主题句定位法揭秘
众所周知，文章是由段落组成，每个段落都是围绕某个中心思想展开的一群句子的组合，而段落的中心思想又是为文章主旨服务的。寻找文章中心思想的方法是：通过分析篇章结构，找出每一小段的主题句，然后通过寻找共同点，找出整篇文章的主题句，这是找准文章主旨大意的关键。主题句在文章中的位置通常有三种：开头、文中和文末。解题时，我们通常采用浏览的方式，仔细选读文章的首尾段和首尾句(包括每一段的首尾句)，重点搜索主题线索和脉络。下面阐述三种主题呈现的方式：
1)开门见山式
主题句出现在文首。开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解释、论证或发展主题思想。这种写作手法叫做演绎法，在英语文章中尤为常见，这种文章的主题句最容易找到，故主题思想显而易见。
2)藏头露尾式
主题句出现在文尾。即文章先阐述了细节，然后归纳要点，得出结论，概括主题，叫做归纳写作法，主题句往往位于末段。这一类文章的主题句也很明显，不难找到。
3)首尾呼应式
在有些文章中，为了突出主题，作者在文章开头提出主题，接着进行阐述或论证，在结尾时再次点出主题，这种首尾呼应的写作方式也很常见。值得注意的是，前后两个主题句不是简单的重复，再次出现的主题句往往是前面主题句的进一步引申或发展。
69. From Paragraphs 3 and 4, we can know that＿＿＿＿.
A. some animals can get clean from others’ help
B. most animals are friendly to each other
C. small animals couldn’t get food from big ones
D. all of the animals prefer to stay clean
【解析】 选A。推理判断题。由第三段可知，鳄鱼鸟会帮助鳄鱼清理牙齿；由第四段可知隆头鱼会帮助其他鱼类清理寄生虫。两段共同之处是：某些动物可以依靠其他动物的帮助保持干净。B、C、D三项在文章第三、四段中找不到根据。
70. We can infer from the last paragraph that the wrasse＿＿.
A. is often eaten by other fish
B. lives under other fish’s skin
C. is a small kind of fish
D. likes taking baths
【解析】 选C。推理判断题。根据文章第四段最后一句可知，隆头鱼可以游入其他鱼类的口中，这说明它是一种小鱼。
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）
Ⅴ. 单词拼写(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
71. We all know that quality (质量) matters more than quantity.
72. Anyone of us will never give up our political principles (原则).
73. All of us should remember that men and women are born equal (平等的).
74. Today’s papers in U. S. all attacked (攻击)the government’s new currency policy.
75. I would not have succeed without your guidance (指导).
76. They keep a list of people who are willing (乐意的) to have a picnic tomorrow.
77. I think it is a legal (法律的) problem. You’d better ask for advice from a lawyer.
78. The person is very mean (卑鄙的)，you should stay away from him.
79. Her family is so poor that her school fees (学费)can’t be paid.
80. We have reached a stage (时期；阶段) where we should learn new things with the world changing.
Ⅵ. 完成句子(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
81. You should not have devoted (本不应该投入) much time to playing computer games. (devote)
82. Only in that way can we (只有用那种方式我们才能) make black and white people equal. (only)
83. The first time I met the little boy (第一次见到那个小男孩)，I guessed he was in trouble. (meet)
84. As a matter of fact (实际上), Nelson Mandela is a great president. (fact)
85. In my opinion (在我看来)，we should do anything by ourselves. (opinion)
Ⅶ. 书面表达(共1题，满分15分)
假如你是“航天英雄杨利伟事迹报告团”
成员之一。此次赴香港访问，请你以报告
团成员的身份向香港各界人士介绍航天英雄
杨利伟的有关情况。要点如下:
1. 杨利伟出生于辽宁省绥中县。
2. 他有一个幸福的家庭，有一个可爱的儿子。
3. 他是我国第一位遨游太空的宇航员。
4. 他曾是一个具有1350小时飞行经验的飞行员。
5. 他有一个梦想: 登上月球。
6. 他是值得我们中国人自豪的航天英雄。
注意：词数100左右。
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
【参考范文】
Ladies and gentlemen，
We are glad to have such a good chance to visit Hong Kong. And I’ll take this opportunity to introduce our hero—Yang Liwei to all. Mr. Yang was born in Suizhong, Liaoning Province. Mr Yang has a happy family, with his wife and a lovely son. He used to be an excellent pilot with an experience of 1350 hours’ flight. Many years ago he had a dream of
stepping on the moon. We are sure that his dream will come true. Yang Liwei is the first Chinese astronaut who flew in space. We are all proud of him!
That’s all. Thank you!
【备选题】
Ⅰ. 任务型阅读(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Without plants，people could not live. We eat plants. 1 And we need plants for another reason：we need them because they are beautiful.
2 Imagine no flowers with their sweet smells，their beautiful colours and their lovely shapes. Imagine，when the wind blows，we are not able to hear the leaves of the trees or watch the branches swing from side to side.
3 That is why we have parks full of trees and flowers. That is why people always like houses with room for some grass and a garden.
Do you talk to your plants 4 Peter Tompkins and Christopher Bird，writers of a book called The Secret of plants, tell of an experiment in which two seeds were planted in different places. While the plants were growing, one plant was given love and hopeful ideas. 5 Under the earth it had more and longer roots；above the earth it had a thicker stem and more leaves.
A. Plants get energy from the sun.
B. Do you give them love and take good care of them
C. After six months，the deserted plant faded away.
D. After six months，the beloved plant was bigger.
E. We take in oxygen that plants make.
F. Everywhere people need beautiful plants.
G. Imagine a world with no plants.
1～5. EGFBD
Ⅱ. 情景对话(共5小题; 每小题1分，满分5分)
根据对话情景的内容，从对话后所给的选项中选出能填入每一空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两个为多余选项。
—Mary, do you want to see the pictures of my holiday in Italy
— 1
—Ah, it was great! The food was great. The wine was great! But the traffic was terrible!
— 2
—Those Italians are crazy drivers! I don’t want to think about it!
—OK, OK. 3
—Yes, so here’s a picture of the Tower of Pisa.
—How nice!
—It was raining that day, but it was still wonderful. We climbed to the top!
— 4
—That’s a photo of the Amo River. That’s the “Ponte Vecchio”, the old bridge.
— 5
—It was very interesting. There were beautiful old buildings in the city, and lots of wonderful museums.
—That’s nice.
A. And what’s this
B. Why was it so bad
C. Yes, it was wonderful.
D. What was Florence like
E. Let’s return to the good parts.
F. Sure, what was your holiday like
G. Well, did you like your hotel there
1～5. FBEAD(共34张PPT)
①我仍然记得我第一次来学校的那一天。
I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
②我们相聚的时刻终于到来了。
The time when we got together finally came.
③任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
There are occasions when one must yield.
= There are occasions on which one must yield.
④I will never forget the day. We first met on that day. (合并句子)
I will never forget the day when(on which) we first met.
⑤I will never forget the time when we spent together. (改错)
答案：when 改成that/which
when引导的定语从句表示时间, 在定语从句中作时间状语。一般有下列两个特征：
1)先行词是表示时间的名词，如：time, the same day, holidays，year, period等。
2)先行词可以和相关介词构成介词短语在定语从句中充当时间状语。
1)若先行词表示时间, 但在定语从句中作宾语，则用that或which或省略。
2) when也可以用“介词+which”来表示。
①This is the place. I have worked in the place for three years. (合并句子)
This is the place where I have worked for three years.
②This is the place where we visited last summer. (改错)
答案：where 改为 that。
③她的叔叔所工作的那家公司是这个城市中最大的。
The company where her uncle works is the largest one in this city.
④我已经到了无法容忍他的地步。
I’ve come to the point where I can’t stand him.
⑤ Let me think of a proper situation______ this sentence can be used.
A. where B. that C. of whom D. which
【解析】选A。考查定语从句。句意：让我想一想这个句子可以用的合适的情况。situation 作先行词，且在从句中作状语时，常用where来引导，故选A。
where引导的定语从句具有的条件：
1)先行词是指地点或相当于地点的名词。
2)先行词可以和相关介词构成介词短语在定语从句中充当地点状语。
1)如果定语从句修饰point, situation, condition, stage, case和position等表示抽象意义的词时，常用where引导，表示“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。
2)若先行词表示地点，但在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则用that或which; 当然，若作宾语时，关系词可省略。
① 请向我解释一下这次你迟到的原因。
Please explain to me the reason why you were late this time.
②I have come here to explain the reason. I was absent from the meeting for this reason. (合并句子)
I have come here to explain the reason why I was absent from the meeting.
③This is the reason why he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work. (改错)
答案：why 改成that或which
④这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our help
why引导定语从句的条件：
1)先行词是指原因的名词
2)先行词可以和相关介词构成介词短语在定语从句中充当原因状语。
若先行词表示原因，但在定语从句中作宾语，则用that或which或省略。
①那个聪明的男孩在墙上弄了一个洞，通过那个洞他能够看见屋里所发生的一切。
The clever boy made a hole in the wall through which he could see what was going on inside the house.
② 我认为遭受这件事的人的数量不会很大。
I don’t think the number of the people to whom this happened is very large.
③他拿出一张纸, 上面写着几句话。
He took out a piece of paper, on which were written some words.
④His walking stick, _______he can’t walk, was lost yesterday.
A. that B. with which
C. which D. without which
【解析】选D。考查介词+which的定语从句。句意：他的拐杖在昨天丢失了, 没有它他就不能走路。由句意知该用介词without, 而不用with, 故选D。
⑤Wind power is an ancient source of energy ＿＿＿＿ we may return in the near future.
A. on which B. by which
C. to which D. from which
【解析】选C。考查介词+which的用法。=Wind power is an ancient source of energy which/that we may return to in the near future.
“介词+ which/whom”引导的定语从句 有两个特点：
1) 关系代词用作介词的宾语时，介词可以放于从句句首也可放于从句句末；介词放于从句句末时，关系代词可省略。
2)当先行词指人时，关系词要用whom, 而不用who; 指物时要用which，而不用that。
1) 一些固定搭配中，一般不将介词与动词分开，将介词提到关系代词之前。如listen to, look at, depend on, take care of, look into等。
2)“介词+ which/whom”也可引导非限制性定语从句。
3)介词的选用必须遵循的三个原则：
①依据定语从句中动词所需要的某种习惯搭配来确定。
②根据与先行词的搭配来确定。
③根据句子所表达的意思来确定。
Ⅰ. 用适当的介词填空
1. This is the countryside in which I spent five years.
2. The car for which I paid $600, 000 is expensive.
3. The person from whom I learned much knowledge is a famous expert in agriculture.
4. I remembered the days during which I lived in the village with my grandparents.
5. I have found the hole through which the mouse came into my bedroom.
6. The man to whom I spoke just now is our manager.
Ⅱ. 完成句子（用定语从句）
1. Nelson Mandela was generous with his time, for which I was grateful (为此我非常感激他).
2. Do you still remember the day when we went to visit the museum together (我们一起参观博物馆的那天)
3．This is the factory where my brother once worked (我哥哥曾经工作的地方).
4. That was the reason why she was ill yesterday (昨天她生病的原因).
5．My family climbed up the hill, at the top of which we had a picnic (在山顶上我们进行了野餐).
6．They were next-door neighbours for three years, during which time they met only twice (在此期间他们仅碰过两次面).
Ⅲ. 单项填空
1. I shall never forget the years＿＿＿I lived in the country with the farmers, ＿＿＿has a great effect on my life.
A. that; which B. when; which
C. which; that D. when; who
【解析】选B。考查定语从句。第一个空引导定语从句修饰years, 且在从句中作时间状语；第二个空引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，故选B。
2. She set hair the way＿＿＿her husband liked.
A. how B. where C. in which D. that
【解析】选D。考查定语从句。the way作先行词且在从句中作宾语时，其后关系词我们常用which/that或不填，故选D。
3. Is there any reason＿＿＿you should go away
A. why B. which C. where D. as
【解析】选A。考查定语从句。why=for which, 引导reason 后的定语从句，在从句中作状语。
4. Air,＿＿＿ we breathe every day, is made up of oxygen and other gases.
A. that B. which
C. what D. where
【解析】选B。考查定语从句。which 引导非限制性定语从句，又在从句中作breathe 的宾语，故选B。
5. —Do you have anything to say for yourselves
—Yes, there’s one point＿＿＿we must insist on.
A. why B. where C. how D. /
【解析】选D。考查关系词的使用。先行词one point 在从句中作insist on 的宾语，故不能用where；作宾语可以省略关系代词that/which, 故选D。
6. Mr. Brown gave us a talk on how to study English yesterday, ＿＿＿＿ of great value to us.
A. which I think B. which I think is
C. which I think it D. which I think it is
【解析】选B。考查定语从句。which 引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a talk且在从句中作is的主语。定语从句中出现插入语I think , 不影响答案的选择。
7. A fast food restaurant is the place＿＿＿, just as the name suggests, eating is performed quickly.
A. which B. where
C. there D. what
【解析】选B。考查定语从句。where 引导定语从句修饰the place, 又在从句中作地点状语，故选B。
8. The coat＿＿＿＿he paid only 50 yuan is very beautiful.
A. for which B. of which
C. with which D. to which
【解析】选A。考查介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。句意：他只花50元买的这件外套非常漂亮。此题涉及“pay+价钱+for+物品”结构，故应用for which引导定语从句修饰先行词the coat。
9. The skirt＿＿＿＿she spent 50 yuan is very beautiful on her.
[2011广州高一检测]
A．in which B. on which
C. for which D. with which
【解析】选B。考查定语从句。定语从句中考查spend on sth. , 根据搭配，介词on 前置，故用on which。
【举一反三】
Tom is the right person＿＿＿you can turn when you are in trouble.
A. whom B. who
C. to whom D. on whom
【解析】选C。考查定语从句中介词与关系代词的搭配。从句中的turn to sb. “转向某人寻求帮助”为固定搭配，to 被提至从句前。故选C。
10. We went through a period＿＿＿communications were very difficult in the rural areas.
A. which B. whose
C. in which D. with which
【解析】选C。考查定语从句关系词的选用。a period在从句中作时间状语，所以应该用when=in which，故选C。(共25张PPT)
Ⅰ. Pre-reading
1. Look at these pictures and discuss who are great persons and who are only famous persons. And give your reasons.
I think Confucius and Zhou Enlai and Norman Bethune are great persons . Liu Xiang, Xiao Shenyang and Yao Ming are only famous persons . A great person is someone who devotes his/her life to helping others or making great contributions to social development progress. A famous person is a person who is popular for their singing or acting. As time goes on, some of them may disappear.
2. Do you want to be a great person or a famous person Why
I want to be a great person . Because a great person can be useful for our society and country. /I want to be a famous person because being a famous person can get more attention and realize my dream. Also, it can change myself.
Ⅱ. Read the text and divide it into two parts and give the general idea of each part.
1. Part 1 (paragraphs1-2 ): The life of Elias’ before he met Nelson Mandela .
2. Part 2 (paragraphs 3-5 )：The change of Elias’ life after he met Nelson Mandela and what Nelson Mandela did.
Ⅲ. Read the text and try to tell if these sentences are True(T) or False (F).
1. Elias was a black worker in Johannesburg. ( T )
2. Elias left school in the end because his school was too far for him to go. ( F )
3. Elias worried that he would lose his job because he had little education. ( F )
4. Elias trusted Nelson Mandela and he joined the ANC Youth League. ( T )
5. The black in the early 1960s had no right to vote or choose who would rule them. ( T )
6. Actually Elias was very willing to blow up the government buildings. ( F )
Ⅳ. Fill in the blanks according to the text.
Ⅰ. Choose the one answer that best completes each sentence from the passage.
1. What＿＿＿does a great person have
A. quantities B. qualities C. number D. right
【解析】选B。考查词义辨析。句意：伟人具有哪些品质？quality 品质，特征，符合句意；quantity 数量；number 数字，数量；right 作名词时，表示“权利”，故选B。
2. The time＿＿＿ I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.
A. when B. which
C. who D. where
【解析】选A。考查定语从句。句意：我第一次遇见曼德拉的时候，是我一生中最困难的时期。在句中 the time 为先行词，所选部分在定语从句中作状语，而且表时间，故选when。
3. I became more＿＿＿about my future.
A. generous B. thankful
C. hopeful D. grateful
【解析】选C。考查词义辨析。句意：我对未来充满了希望。generous慷慨的，大方的；thankful 感激的, 感谢的；grateful 感激的；hopeful 怀有希望的，符合句意，故选C。
4. But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people＿＿＿.
A. friendly B. unkind C. cruel D. equal
【解析】选D。考查词义辨析。句意：不过我很乐意帮忙，因为我知道那可以帮我们实现我们的梦想，使白人和黑人平等。friendly 友好的；unkind 不善良的；cruel 残忍的；equal平等的，符合句意，故选D。
5．Until today we have reached a stage＿＿＿we have almost no rights at all.
A. when B. where C. which D. that
【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意：直到今天我们还处于这样一种境况，我们几乎什么权利也没有。stage 作先行词且在句中作状语时，关系代词一般用where, 故选B。
Ⅱ. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1. However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.
然而，那个时候你要想住在约翰内斯堡就必须得有身份证。
2. The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest.
纳尔逊·曼德拉给予我帮助的那一天，是我一生中最愉快的日子之一。
3. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.
过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。
4. The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people.
他们在城里不得不居住的地方都是由白人来决定的。
5. The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa.
他们被打发去居住的城外的地方是南非最贫穷的地区。
6. Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.
直到那时，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。
Ⅲ. Find out the sentences similar in meaning to the ones below in the passage.
1. I was having a very hard time in life when I met Nelson Mandela for the first time.
The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.
2. During the last thirty years, large numbers of laws were made to prevent us from having any rights and making progress till we hardly have any rights now.
The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.
3. We first fought against the law in a peaceful way.
We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful.
4. In fact, I hate violence.
As a matter of fact, I do not like violence.
5. But I was willing to do it because I realized it would be of help in making the blacks equal with the whites.
But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.(共82张PPT)
1. The scientist from whom (we learned a lot) never lost heart when he was in trouble. (P37)
我们从这位科学家那里学了很多，他遇到困难时从不丧失信心。
①Although I failed the match this time, I’ll never lose heart (丧失信心).
②Don’t lose heart (不要灰心), it will turn out well.
③—Sorry, we failed in the football game this time.
— ＿＿＿＿＿You still have more chances.
A. What a pity! B. Don’t lose your hearts.
C. Don’t lose heart. D. I’m sorry for you.
【解析】选C。考查交际用语。从语境可知是想鼓励对方不要因失败而丧失信心。故选C项。
lose heart 丧失信心，泄气
lose one’s heart to sb. /sth.
爱上某人或某物
learn. . . by heart 记住，背过
with all one’s heart /with one’s whole heart
全心全意；完全地
heart and soul 全心全意；满腔热情
lose heart为固定短语，不必加任何冠词。
2. It was a prison from which no one escaped . (P38)
那是一座任何人也逃不出的监狱。
① She managed to escape from the burning car. （英译汉）
她终于从燃烧的汽车里逃出来了。
② 他真是幸运，逃脱了惩罚。
He was lucky to escape punishment(being punished) .
③ 那位年轻人今天早晨从监狱逃跑了。
The young man escaped from the prison this morning.
④ 写出escape在句中的含义
a. The matter has quite escaped my memory. 被忘掉
b. The gas is escaping somewhere. 漏出，泄漏
c. The fire escape is at the back of the building. 逃走或逃脱的手段
d. He made his escape in disguise(伪装). 逃走，逃脱
⑤那个小男孩正在从黑暗处往外逃，但失败了。
The little boy was fleeing from the darkness, but he failed.
escape vt. /vi. 避开，避免；逃跑，摆脱
n. 逃走，逃走或逃脱的手段
escaped adj. 逃脱了的
escape from 从……逃跑/摆脱/逃避;
溢出，泄露
escape+ n. /doing (being done)
避开，避免某事
make one’s escape 逃走，逃脱
have a narrow/near escape 九死一生
(1)escape from 不能用于被动语态
(2)“逃跑(flee)”未必能“逃脱(escape)”
The enemies were fleeing in all directions, but few of them could escape.
敌人四处逃窜，但很少有人能逃出去。
3. They were not cleverer than me, but they did pass their exams. (P38)
他们并不比我聪明，但却通过了考试。
①过马路时务必小心。
Do be careful when you cross the road.
②昨天她的确把真相告诉了我们的老师。
She did tell the truth to our teacher yesterday.
③At that time I do hope you win the football match. (改错)
答案：do 改成 did
do表强调，强调谓语动词。
1)英语中强调谓语动词时，在动词原形前加do, does, did意为“的确，确实”。
2)在肯定的祈使句中，用动词do来加强语气，可意为“务必，一定，千万”。
4. I did not work again for twenty years until Mr Mandela and the ANC came to power in 1994. (P38)在曼德拉先生和非国大党1994年开始执政之前我又有20年没有工作。
①自从他执政以来，情况发生了很大变化。
Things have changed a lot since he came to power.
② He＿＿＿ for ten years but still doesn’t want to leave.
A. has come to power B. has been in power
C. took office D. came into power
【解析】选B。句意：他已执政十年，但他仍不想下台。由for ten years 知该用延续性动词be in power；而come into power 表动作，故选B。
③那届政府在一次事件后下台了。
The government lost power after an incident.
come to power 上台执政，当权
in power 执政，当权
lose power 失去权力
have the power to do sth. 有能力做某事
beyond one’s power 力所不能及的
within one’s power 力所能及的
be in power 执政，在位(表状态)
come to/into power表动作，非延续性动词，不能与一段时间连用；延续性动词形式应用be in power。
5. All that time my wife and children had to beg for food and help from relatives or friends. (P38)
在那段时期，我的妻儿只得从亲戚朋友处讨饭吃，并乞求帮助。
① 他们恳求饶命。
They begged for mercy for the sake of saving their own lives.
② 她恳求她父亲原谅她。
She begged her father to forgive her.
③ An old woman and a child were begging those persons for food and money. (句型转换)
An old woman and a child were begging for food and money from those persons.
beg vt. &vi. 乞求，乞讨，恳求
beg sb. for sth. 向某人乞讨某物
beg sth. from/of sb. 从某人处乞讨某物
beg sb. to do sth. 恳求某人去做某事
I beg your pardon. 请原谅。用于道歉或未听清对方
的话要求重复时使用的交际用语。
6. They said that the job and the pay from the new South African government were my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks. (P38) 他们说从南非政府得到的这份工作和薪饷是我毕生为黑人争取平等权利所得到的回报。
①她因为通过了考试而受到奖赏。
She was given a reward for passing the examination.
②他因为他的服务而被给予一块金表作为奖赏。
He was rewarded with a gold watch as a reward for his services .
③He rewarded the boy＿＿＿$10＿＿＿bringing back the lost dog.
A. at; of B. with; for
C. for; with D. for; for
【解析】选B。句意：因为那个男孩带来了他丢失的狗；因而他给予了那个男孩10美元的酬谢。reward sb. with sth. for doing sth. 因为……而 以……酬谢(报答)某人，故选B。
④ 大学给她颁发奖学金。
The university awarded her a scholarship.
reward n. 报酬，奖金
vt. 酬劳，奖赏
reward sb. for sth. /doing sth.
因为……给予某人报酬
reward sb. with sth. 以……酬谢(报答)某人
as a reward for 作为……的奖赏，为……酬谢
in reward for 以……酬谢, 作为……的奖赏
be rewarded with 得到……奖赏
7. . . . sentenced to five years hard labour for encouraging violence against anti-black laws. (P39)
……因鼓励用武力对抗反黑人法而被判服苦役五年。
①那位年轻人因杀了两个女孩而被判了死刑。
The young man was sentenced to death for killing two girls.
② 他因犯盗窃罪而被判入狱三年。
He was sentenced to three years in prison because of stealing.
③ The famous star has been sentenced to paying a fine of 100, 000 yuan for escaping tax. (英译汉)
那位明星因逃脱税款被判罚款10万元。
be sentenced to 被判处……徒刑
sentence sb. to death 判决某人死刑
sentence sb. to five years’ hard work
判决某人五年劳役
sentence sb. to prison for life
判决某人终身监禁
sentence sb. to life imprisonment
判决某人终身监禁
8. In my opinion . . . (P39)在我看来……
① 在我看来，那是你的错误。
In my opinion , it’s your fault.
② 人们对那位领导评价很高。
People have a high opinion of the leader.
③你能对我的新裙子发表一下你的意见吗？
Could you give your opinion on my new dress
④尽管你已经对名人形成了一个固定看法，你还是应该改变。
Although you have formed an opinion about famous people, you should change it.
in my opinion 在我看来
in one’s opinion=in the opinion of sb.
根据某人的看法，在某人看来
have a high opinion of 对……有很高的评价
give/express one’s opinion on
对……发表意见
form an opinion about 形成对……的看法
1. He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep . (P38)
他在午饭后的休息时间以及晚上本应该睡觉的时间教我们学习。
① 对不起，我本应该在周五前完成这项任务的。
Sorry, I should have finished the task before Friday.
② She should have arrived here in an hour. It’s very far away.
翻译：她竟然在一小时之内来了。路程这么远 。
should have done 本应该做…… (而实际上未做)
否定形式：shouldn’t have done 本不该做……(但做了)
should have done 还可以表示以下情况：①表惊讶之情，意为“竟然”。②对可能发生的事情进行有把握的推断，意为“应该已经”。
2. I felt bad the first time I talked to a group. (P38)
第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我心情很不好。
① 第一次遇到她时，我就觉得她是一位善良的女孩。
I felt her very kind the first time I met her.
② 我平生第一次见到这么好的珠宝。
I saw so fine jewelry for the first time in my life.
③ Every time the little boy heard the music, he always danced to it.
翻译：每次那个小男孩听到音乐时，他都会随着音乐起舞。
④下次再见到你我一定会带给你一件精美礼物。
Next time I’ll see you again, I am sure to bring you a nice present.
the first time+that 从句 表示“第一次……的时候”，引导时间状语从句。
1)类似的结构：the second/third/last. . . time, 相当于when. . . for the first/second. . . time
2)类似的用法还有：
each/every time+从句每当……的时候
the moment/minute/hour+从句 一……就……
next time下次……的时候
——如何写人物介绍
请根据下列信息，用英语写一篇关于2006年诺贝尔奖化学奖得主罗杰·科恩伯格教授（Roger D. Kornberg）的简介：
[写作要求]
1. 要求要覆盖所有要点。
2. 最后适当发挥一下感想。
3．100词左右。
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
一、审题谋篇
1．时态：一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时
2．人称：第三人称
3．结构：①先介绍年龄、国籍。
②再介绍其主要成就。
③最后发挥自己的感想。
二、联想本单元所学相关的词汇和句型
1． 词汇：
① be generous with (慷慨的，宽宏大量的)
② winner (获胜者)
③ the Nobel Prize (诺贝尔奖)
④ award (授予，给予)
⑤ be well educated (受到良好的教育)
⑥ in one’s opinion (在某人看来)
⑦ devote one’s life to (献身于)
⑧ receive a degree (获得学位)
2. 句型：（仿写）
① He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.
他对人宽宏大量，所以他是一个很容易相处的人。
He is always generous with others, for which he is easy to get on with.
② A great person is someone who devotes his/her life to helping others.
他是一位这样的人，总是献身于教育事业。
He is such a person who always devotes his life to education.
三、经典句型积累
1. His contribution is of great help in the research on curing cancers and heart diseases.
2. In his opinion, everyone should devote his life to his loved work.
3. I am eager to become a great scientist like him.
Professor Roger D. Kornberg, a 59-year-old American, is the winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for 2006.
His contribution is of great help in the research on curing cancers and heart diseases. Since over a century ago when the Nobel Prize was first awarded, he has been the sixth scientist whose father also ever won the Nobel Prize. Professor Kornberg used to study chemistry in Harvard, and then received his doctor’s degree in Stanford. Since 2003, he has been working in Stanford University School of Medicine.
He has been well educated. He is always generous with others. In his opinion, everyone should devote his life to his loved work.
How great he is and I admire him and I am eager to become a great scientist like him.
Ⅰ. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1. She is an educated (educate)housewife.
2. The boy was rewarded (reward) for buying food for the old lady.
3. The thief jumped into a car and made his escape (escape).
4. I think we shouldn’t sentence (sentence)the boy of 16 years old to one year in prison.
5. The boss is always very cruel (cruelty) to his employees.
Ⅱ. 单句改错
1．She lost her heart when she faced difficulty.
答案：去掉her
2. The company manager came to power for six years.
答案：came to 改为 has been in
3. In his opinions, we should stop holding Super Girls.
答案：opinions 改为opinion
4. They set about a committee to look into the safety accident.
答案：about 改为up
5. I liked her for the first time I saw her five years ago.
答案：去掉for
6. Tom did came here yesterday.
答案：came改为come
Ⅲ. 单项填空
1. An awful accident＿＿＿, however, occur the other day.
A. does B. did C. has to D. had to
【解析】选B。由the other day判断句子应用过去时，排除A、C两项；had to“不得不”, 与题意不符，排除D项；did在句中放在occur前表示强调。
【规律方法】英语中的强调方式探秘
1) 用助动词“do”或“did” 来强调一般现在时或一般过去时的实义动词及祈使句。例如：
Do be quiet. The baby is sleeping.
务必安静。孩子在睡觉。
2) 用“It is/was. . . that. . . ”强调句型来强调句子中除谓语动词以外的其他句子成分。
It is Kate that has finished the task earlier.
是凯特提前完成了工作。
It is in 1949 that China was founded.
中国是在1949年成立的。
3)用“What. . . is/was. . . ”句型来强调主语或宾语，其特点是将被强调的部分后移。例如：
What surprised me was she should have passed the exam.
使我惊奇的是，她竟然通过了考试。
4)疑问词后加上-ever 可以对疑问句进行强调，表示“究竟，到底……”。例如：
Whatever are you going to say now
现在你究竟想说什么？
2. In order to escape＿＿＿, the thief hid himself among the trees.
A. being killed B. killed
C. killing D. to be killed
【解析】选A。考查escape的用法。escape+n. /doing sth. 表示“逃脱某事”，在本句中表示“逃脱被杀”，故用被动式。
3．I’m sorry it’s＿＿＿my power to make a final decision on the project.
A. over B. above C. off D. beyond
【解析】选D。考查固定搭配。句意：很抱歉，要对这一工程作出最终决定是我力所不能及的。beyond one’s power 是固定搭配，表示“力所不能及的”，故选D。
4．The judge sentenced the murderer＿＿＿＿ .
A. to die B. to dying
C. to dead D. to death
【解析】选D。考查固定搭配。sentence sb. to death 宣判某人死刑，是固定短语。
5．He helped her and she＿＿＿＿him with a smile.
A. gave B. brought
C. rewarded D. said
【解析】选C。考查动词用法。give sb. sth. , bring sb. sth. , say sth. to sb. ，由这三个动词的习惯搭配，均可排除。reward sb. with sth. 是固定搭配，表“用某物酬谢某人”，所以只能选择C项。
6. —Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her
—Yes, I gave it to her ______ I saw her.
A. while B. the moment
C. suddenly D. unless
【解析】选B。本题考查the moment 的用法。the moment 在这里作连词用，相当于as soon as 一……就……，符合句意，故选B。
7. Soon after Hitler ＿＿＿power in Germany, Einstein was＿＿＿in his life.
A. came to the; in the trouble
B. came to; in trouble
C. came to the; in trouble
D. took; in troubles
【解析】选B。考查固定搭配。come to power 上台，执政；in trouble 处于麻烦、困境中，故选B。
8. —Kate! Have you got an invitation from Nancy
—＿＿＿＿＿＿. What
A. Yes, I’ve got one
B. I’m sorry I don’t know
C. I beg your pardon
D. Say again
【解析】选C。考查交际用语。结合上下文看出后者没听清楚前者的话，故请对方重复一下，排除A、B两项；D项不符合语言习惯，只有C项符合习惯。
9. —Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn’t finish the assignment yesterday.
—Oh, you＿＿＿have done it as yesterday was the deadline.
［2010上海高考］
A. must B. mustn’t
C. should D. shouldn’t
【解析】选C。考查情态动词。从回答看，Professor Smith在说明这项任务应该完成，而事实上却没有。should have done sth. 意思是本应该做（而事实上未做）。
10．The business was＿＿＿ by the parents of the present owner.
A. put up B. stood up
C. set up D. got up
【解析】选C。考查短语辨析。句意：这家商行是由目前的店主的父母创办的。put up 张贴；stand up 站立，屹立；get up 起床；set up 建立，创办，符合句意，故选C。
Ⅳ. 书面表达
用英语写一篇100词左右的短文。要求根据所给信息作适当发挥，且需包括以下三部分内容：
1. 对该人物的简单介绍（出生于美国，著名的科学家和发明家）；
2. 喜欢该人物的理由（对世界做出了巨大的贡献；有1000多项发明）；
3. 从该人物身上得到的启示。
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
【参考范文】
Born in America, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.
I admire Edison a lot because of his great contribution to the world. He had more than 1, 000 inventions. In his boyhood, he was always eager to know how things worked. He was also so creative and diligent that he worked day and night. And this explained why he had so many inventions.
What impresses me most is his famous saying, “Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration”. From him, I realize the secret to success is not when and where you were born, but what you are doing and how you do it in your life.
My father often works very hard．And he has 1 to see a film. Here I’ll tell you 2 about him.
One afternoon, when he finished his work and 3 go home, he found a film ticket under the 4 on his desk. He thought he 5 to have not much work to do that day and 6 was quite wonderful to pass the 7 at the cinema．So he came back home and 8 finished his supper. Then he said 9 to us and left.
But to our 10 , he came back about half an hour later, I 11 him what was the matter. He smiled and told us about 12 funny thing that had happened at the cinema.
When my father was sitting in his seat, a 13 came to my father’s and said that the seat was 14 . Ｍy father was surprised．He took out the ticket 15 looked at it carefully. It was Row 17, 16 . And then he looked at the seat. It was the same. So he asked 17 her ticket. She took out the ticket at once and the seat shown in it was Row 17 , Seat 3.
18 What’s the matter with all this While they were wondering suddenly the woman said, “The 19 of the tickets are different. ” So they looked at the ticket more carefully. After a while, my father said, “Oh, 20 , I made a mistake. My ticket is for the film a month ago. Take this seat, please. ” With these words, he left the cinema.
1．A．little money B．much money
C. little time D．much time
【解析】选C。根据前一句，此句应为“他很少去看电影”, 故选C。
2．A．a funny story B．a good story
C．an old story D．a strange story
【解析】选A。 通读全文，可看出这是一件可笑的事情，故选A。
3．A．was to B．was about to
C．had to D．ought
【解析】选B。下午下班，正要打算回家，故选B。在此A有较大的干扰性，be to表示将来时，表示按计划安排要做的事。
4．A．box B．book C．glass D．paper
【解析】选C。电影票不可能放在箱子、书和纸的下面，会很难发现，故选C。
5．A．happened B．liked C．pretended D．wanted
【解析】选A。平时工作很忙，那天碰巧有时间，故选A。
6．A．it B．this C．that D．which
【解析】选A。分析此句的结构可以看出，to pass the 7 at the cinema应为主语，故it 作形式主语，选 A。
7．A．morning B．afternoon
C．day D．evening
【解析】选D。下午下班后接下来的时间应是晚上，故选D。
8．A．early B．quietly
C．quickly D．suddenly
【解析】选C。下午下班回到家再吃饭，时间显然不充裕，故选C。
9．A．hello B．good-bye
C. good evening D．good night
【解析】选B。从家里出去看电影，向家人告别，故选B。
10．A．disappointment B．joy
C．sorrow D．surprise
【解析】选D。电影不可能这么快就结束，故我们吃惊。选D。
11．A．asked B．explained C．told D．wanted
【解析】选A。因为吃惊，我问他是怎么回事，故选A。
12．A．a B．one C．some D．the
【解析】选D。thing有后置定语，且特指某一件事，故选D。
13．A．man B．woman C．doctor D．nurse
【解析】选B。从后句“So he asked 17 her ticket”得知选B。
14．A．hers B．his C．taken D．wrong
【解析】选A。C和D项有较大干扰性，taken 意为“占领”， wrong意为“错的”，在此，这位妇女向my father 说这座位是她的。
15．A．and B．but C．or D．so
【解析】选A。and 连接两个先后的动作，故选A。
16．A．Seat 1 B．Seat 2 C. Seat 3 D．Seat 4
【解析】选C。 从“It was the same”与 “. . . Row 17, Seat 3”判断，选C。
17．A．to bring B．to get
C．to see D．to show
【解析】选D。 因为my father确信他没有错，故他让那位妇女拿出票让他看一看是否她错了，故选D。
18．A．Why B．How C．When D．Where
【解析】选A。出现两张同是Row 17, Seat 3的票，my father感到纳闷，故选A。
19．A．designs B．colors C．prices D．owners
【解析】选B。两张票座号相同，只是颜色不同，故选B。在此A有较大干扰性，电影院是以票的颜色的不同来检查日期的。
20．A．I’m sad B．I’m sorry
C．I’m wrong D．I’m worried
【解析】选B。因为my father 出了错，故向那位妇女道歉，选B。(共80张PPT)
1. And what qualities does a great person have (P33)
伟人应具备什么样的品质呢？
①质量比数量更重要。
Quality is more important than quantity.
②我们的经理具备成功商人的所有品质。
Our manager has all the qualities of a successful businessman.
③成为一名宇航员需要很多优秀品质。
It needs many fine qualities to be an astronaut.
④(我们)向地震灾区提供了大量的衣物和食品。
Large quantities of clothes and food are provided for the earthquake areas.
⑤ I think everyone should be kind to others for kindness is a human＿＿＿which everyone admires.
A. quality B. quantity C. activity D. courage
【解析】选A。考查词义辨析。句意：我认为每个人都应该对别人表示友善，因为友善是一个大家都钦佩的人类的优秀品质。quality 品质，特性；quantity 数量；activity 行动，活动；courage 勇气，故选A。
quality n. ［U］质量；［C］ 品质，特点，特性
2. A great person is someone who devotes his/her life to helping others. (P33)伟大的人物是能终生致力于帮助别人的人。
①她的母亲全力倾注于自己的事业。
Her mother devoted herself to her career.
②He has devoted his whole life to（把自己的一生献于） benefiting the mankind.
③She devoted her life to help the disabled. (改错)
help 改为helping
④He will be devoted to art after graduation. （英译汉）
他毕业后要致力于艺术。
devote vt. 献身于……，专心于……；
devoted adj. 忠实的，深爱的
devotion n. 奉献，忠诚，热爱，献身
devote one’s. . . to. . . 把……投入到……，在这个结构中，to 是介词，因此to后面要用名词或动名词形式。
devote oneself to 献身于，专心于，
be devoted to 献身于，专心于，忠诚于
3. Sadly I did not have it because I was not born there, and I worried about whether I would become out of work . (P34)糟糕的是我没有这个证件，因为我不是在那里出生的，我很担心我是不是会失业。
①Economic reform made a lot of workers out of work（失业）.
②I was out of breath（上气不接下气） after running for the bus.
③The small car went out of control（失控） and ran into a shop front.
④ They led a hard life then, for their father＿＿＿＿for a whole year.
A. has lost his work B. has been out of work
C. had lost his work D. had been out of work
【解析】选D。句意：他们那时过着艰难的生活，因为他们的父亲已失业一年了。与一段时间连用，需用 be out of work, 而且失业是发生在then 之前，故用过去完成时；lose one’s work 表示瞬间动作，不能与一段时间连用，故选D。
你还能想出与out of work 类似的短语吗？
out of breath喘不过气来 out of control 失控
out of date过时的 out of order 出故障
out of place不适当的 out of sight 看不见
out of question毫无疑问 out of touch 失去联系
out of reach够不着 out of danger 脱险
out of work 失业, 是介词短语
lose one’s work/job 失业, 是动词短语
be at work 在工作，在上班
be in work 有工作
off work 没上班
4. Black people could not vote or choose their leaders. (P34)
黑人不能投票或选举他们的领袖。
①由于在这件事上我们无法达成共识，让我们投票表决吧。
As we are not in agreement on this matter, let’s vote on it.
②I don’t want to vote against (投票反对)our monitor.
③投票赞成新总统的几乎都是年轻人。
Those who vote for the new president are almost young people.
④In that country, people get the vote (选举权) at the age of 18.
vote vt. & vi. 投票，选举
n. 投票，表决
vote on 就……投票/表决
vote against 投票反对
vote for 投票赞成
vote与the连用，表示“选举权，投票权”。
5. We chose to attack the laws. (P34)我们选择攻击法律。
① 那个国家的政府大楼遭到了恐怖分子的袭击。
The government buildings of that country were attacked by terrorists.
② 上课期间她肚子痛。
During the class she had an attack of stomach.
③ 新闻媒体对那位明星进行了抨击。
The media made an attack on the famous star.
attack v. 进攻，攻击；(疾病)侵袭；侵害
under attack 遭到攻击
make an attack on/against (=attack)
攻击；袭击；抨击
have an attack of (指疾病)发作
be attacked with (a disease) 患病
6. But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal . (P34)但是我愿意帮忙，因为我知道，这有助于实现我们黑人和白人平等的梦想。
①所有的人生来都是平等的。 All men are created equal .
②二加二等于四。Two plus two equals four.
③论力气，无人能与他相比。 No one equals him in strength.
④尽管她很年轻，但在音乐方面没人能与她匹敌。
Though she is young, she has no equal in music.
⑤To produce one pound of honey, a line of bees must fly a distance＿＿＿＿to twice around the world.
A. similar B. equal C. familiar D. near
【解析】选B。句意：为了酿出一磅的蜜，一群蜜蜂必须飞上相当于地球周长两倍的路程。equal to 是形容词短语，作后置定语修饰distance。
equal adj. 相等的，平等的，胜任的
vt. 等于，比得上
n. 相同的人，相等的事物
equally adv. 均等地，同样
be equal to sth. 与……相等；胜任的
have no equal 无与伦比，无敌
equal sth. 与某物相等
equal sb. in sth. 在某方面与某人匹敌
equality n. 平等
7. Elias went to see Nelson Mandela when he was in trouble . (P35)
当伊莱亚斯处于困境时，他去见了纳尔逊·曼德拉。
①你总是给自己找麻烦。 You are always getting yourself in trouble .
②With a local guide＿＿＿ the way, they had no trouble ＿＿＿ out of the forest.
A. leading; walking B. led; walked
C. lead; walking D. leads; walking
【解析】选A。考查固定搭配。句意：在当地向导的带领下，他们毫无困难地走出了森林。前半句是with的复合结构, guide与lead为主动关系；have no trouble (in) doing sth. ，是固定搭配，故选A。
③I am sorry I have got you into a lot of trouble (给你添麻烦).
④He is always making trouble (捣乱) in class so all his teachers don’t like him.
⑤ Don’t trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.
翻译：麻烦没找你，你别找麻烦(别自找麻烦) 。(谚语)
in trouble 在受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中
out of trouble 脱离困境
ask for trouble (口语)自找麻烦(苦吃)
get into trouble 陷入困境
make trouble 制造麻烦；捣乱
have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难
have trouble with sth. 有麻烦/困难；有……的病痛
take the trouble to do sth. 不辞辛劳做某事
be a trouble to 对……是一个麻烦(讨厌的人)
8. Why did Nelson Mandela turn to violence to make black and white people equal (P35)
为什么纳尔逊·曼德拉会转向使用武力来使黑人和白人平等？
写出turn to 在下列各句中的含义
① Please turn to Page 169. 翻到
② Our attention turned to the 19th Asian Olympic Games.
转到
③ When people are in trouble, they are always turning to the police. 求助于
④You can walk 100 meters and turn to the right, then you’ll see the famous college. 转向……（左/右边）
⑤Thousands of people ______ to watch yesterday’s match against Ireland.
[2010辽宁高考]
A．turned on B．turned in
C．turned around D．turned out
【解析】选D。句意：昨天数千人到场观看同爱尔兰队的比赛。turn out 有“出动”的意思；turn on“打开”；turn in“（口语）上床睡觉, 上交”；turn around是“转身”的意思。只有turn out 符合语境。
turn to 求助于，翻到，转到，转向
turn against 反对；背叛
turn around 转身
turn in 上交，送还, 上床睡觉
turn over 移交，翻身
turn on 打开
turn off 关掉
turn out 结果是，生产，制造, 出动
turn up 出现，发生，把(声音等)开大一些
turn down 把声音调低，拒绝
1. He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful. (P34)
他十分慷慨地给予我时间，我为此非常感激。
① 她大方主动地为我付钱。
It was generous of her to offer to pay for me.
② Our headteacher is a very kind person. He is always generous ＿＿＿his time for us.
A. to B. of C. about D. with
【解析】选D。考查固定搭配。句意：他是一位非常善良的人。他为了我们投入了很多时间。be generous with是固定短语，“对……大方”。
③ 我们的经理非常宽宏大量，不计较我的小错误。
Our manager is generous enough to overlook my little mistakes.
generous adj. 慷慨的，大方的
be generous with. . . 对……大方
be generous in doing sth. 做某事慷慨
be generous to sb. 对某人慷慨
It’s generous of sb. to do sth.
某人慷慨地做某事
2. . . . only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. (P34)
…… 只有到那个时候我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。
① 只有当她告诉我时，我才知道怎样去烹饪鱼。
Only when she told me, did I know how to cook the fish.
② Only did a few of us know where she was from. (改错)
答案：Only a few of us knew where she was from .
③ Only in this way＿＿＿＿English well.
A. you can learn B. can you learn
C. did you learn D. you did learn
【解析】选B。考查倒装句式。only 放在句首引导状语时，该句用部分倒装形式；再考虑到语气和时态，此处不宜用过去时态，故选B。
only+状语位于句首，引起句子的部分倒装
only修饰时间、条件和方式状语，起强调作用。位于句首时，则句子用部分倒装形式, 即：把原句中的情态动词、系动词或助动词放到主语前面。
(1)如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。
(2)only修饰主语时，不用倒装。
3. Elias was willing to blow up government buildings. (P35)
伊莱亚斯心甘情愿去炸政府大楼。
① 我愿意帮助你学英语。
I’m willing to help you with your English.
② 我非常乐意你弟弟加入我们的行列。
I’m quite willing to have your brother join us.
③ Where there is a will, there is a way. (英译汉)
有志者，事竟成 。(谚语)
willing adj. 乐意的，自愿的
will n. 意志，意愿
(1) be willing to do sth. 乐意做某事
=be happy to do sth. =be glad to do sth.
(2) be unwilling to do sth. 不愿做某事
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. I’m willing (乐意) to do anything for you.
2．Indian women vote (投票)their own minds, not their husbands’.
3. Many people find lots of violence (暴力)shown on television.
4. Nowadays the young students are all active (积极的)in school activities.
5. He is generous (慷慨的)in giving help.
6. Sun Yat-sen founded the first Republic (共和国) in China in 1911 after many years’ fighting.
7. Eton college was founded (建立) by Henry Ⅵ in 1440.
8. The insurance company paid all my medical fees (费用).
9. He has no principles (原则)；he’ll do anything as long as it’s profitable.
10. Tim was attacked (袭击)by a man in the park.
Ⅱ. 选词填空
When Elias was 12 years old in 1952, Nelson Mandela was a black lawyer, who often 1. offered guidance to poor black people on legal problems. And he 2. was generous with his time, so Elias 3. was grateful to him.
When Elias had no passbook and no one to 4. turn to , he was worried about whether he would become 5. out of work .
Nelson Mandela encouraged him not to 6. give up but 7. be hopeful about future. 8. As a matter of fact , with the help of Nelson Mandela, Elias also struggled for the freedom of black people with Nelson Mandela in the end.
Ⅲ. 单项填空
1. After that she devoted her entire energy ______the pursuit of these studies.
A. to B. in C. at D. for
【解析】选A。考查devote 的固定搭配。句意：后来她全力以赴从事这些研究工作。devote. . . to. . . 表示“把……献身于……；投身于……”，故选A。
2. Food is important in diet, but of at least＿＿＿importance are food habits.
A. fair B. reasonable C. equal D. proper
【解析】选C。考查词义辨析。句意：食物在饮食中很重要，但是饮食习惯至少同样重要。fair 公平的，公正的；reasonable 合理的，适度的；proper 适合的，适度的；equal 相等的，平等的，符合句意，故选C。
3. Everything we eat and drink contains some salt; we can meet the body’s needs from natural sources without turning _______ the salt bottle.
[2011南昌高一检测]
A. to B. over C. on D. up
【解析】选A。考查词义辨析。句意：我们每天吃的和喝的东西都含有许多盐；我们完全可以不求助于盐瓶，而从自然的东西中获取来满足身体的需要。turn over 翻转过来；turn on 打开；turn up 出现，把音量调大；turn to 求助于，符合句意，故选A。
4. I’m_____to admit that I have hurt her, but that’s not my real intentions.
A. agreeable B. content C. delighted D. willing
【解析】选D。考查词义辨析。句意：我愿意承认是我伤害了她，但那并不是我的本意。agreeable 愉快的；content 满意的；delighted 高兴的；willing 乐意的，情愿的，符合句意，故选D。
5. We have got into such a position＿＿＿some changes are needed.
A. that B. which C. when D. where
【解析】选D。考查定语从句。句意：我们已处在一个需要改变的境地。position作先行词，并且在定语从句中作状语，通常由where 来引导，故选D。
6. Some students have trouble＿＿＿grammar while others have difficulty＿＿＿new words.
A. in; remember B. for; to remember
C. on; remembering D. with; remembering
【解析】选D。句意：有些学生在语法上有困难，而有些在记忆新单词上有困难。题目涉及have trouble with sth. 和have difficulty(in) doing sth. 结构。故D项为正确答案。
7.＿＿＿ is well known to us, the earth travels around the sun all day and night.
A. Which B. Where C. As D. That
【解析】选C。考查非限制性定语从句。句意：众所周知，地球围着太阳转。as is well known to us 表示“众所周知”，用在句首，引导非限制性定语从句，只能用as；which/that 引导定语从句，只能放在主句之后，故选C。
【规律方法】as 的用法知多少
1) as 用来引导非限制性定语从句位于句首时，它引导的从句与后面的主句要用逗号分开。
As was reported in the newspaper, over fifty persons died in the fire of Shanghai high buildings on November 15, 2010.
2) it在句中作形式主语，其结构后必须跟that 引导的从句(即主语从句)，从而构成It is well known/reported/said. . . that + 从句。例如：
It is reported that over fifty persons died in the fire of Shanghai high buildings on November 15, 2010.
8. Only in this way＿＿＿to make improvement in your study.
A. you can hope B. you did hope
C. can you hope D. did you hope
【解析】选C。考查倒装结构。句意：只有用这种方法，你才有希望在学习上得到提高。only+状语位于句首，句子用部分倒装。结合语境，题干不涉及一般过去时，C项中的can符合语境。
9. While a person is asleep, a part of his brain is still ＿＿＿.
A. alive B. active C. awake D. aware
【解析】选B。考查词义辨析。句意：当一个人睡觉时，他大脑的一部分仍然是活跃的。alive 活着的；awake 醒着的；aware 有意识的，明白的；active 积极的，活跃的，符合句意，故选B。
10. Whether he is at or ＿＿＿of work, he is always＿＿＿ about his ability and faith.
A. up; useful B. forward; careful
C. out; hopeful D. outside; thankful
【解析】选C。考查固定短语的用法。从whether. . . or. . . 的对比意义可以看出第一个空要填out, out of work 与 at work 相对；第二个空由“about his ability and faith”可知需填hopeful, 是固定搭配，故选C。
Ａ
Almost a year after Michael Jackson’s
death, the spirit of King of Pop appears to
live on a 4-year-old Chinese boy, who
is fast becoming internationally popular.
Wang Yiming, who is known as Xiao Bao, has already been making waves across the world with his dance moves.
As a favorite of Chinese, Xiao Bao draws attention of crowds whenever he appears, which his mother says happens almost every time he hears music. “When he was young, we just started playing music to him and he started moving round like this, ” his mother said. “When he was just a couple of months old, we would let him listen to music and he would immediately stop crying and calm down, ” she told Reuters Television.
Xiao Bao was born prematurely (早产), and doctors suggested moving his body to music would do good to him, but his parents were surprised by how quickly and interestedly he took to the rhythm(节奏).
Dancing since he was two years old, he is skilled at the moonwalk and other Jackson moves, such as Beat It, Billie Jean and Dangerous.
Before long, his interest turned into an obsession (着迷)—the family spends up to 20, 000 yuan a month on dance training with a professional and outfits including tailor-made suits, hats and shirts.
Xiao Bao is serious about his dancing and says he will not mind becoming famous one day. But his parents say that no matter how talented their son is, his schooling will be the first choice.
四岁街舞天才王一鸣（小宝）在2011年春节联欢晚会上一展才艺，为大家所知晓。殊不知，小宝的舞蹈由迈克尔·杰克逊的老师亲自指导，并接受了美国CBS电视台金牌脱口秀节目《The Ellen Show》的专访，让众多海外观众认识了小宝，纷纷赞叹中国小宝的可爱与舞蹈天赋。小宝的视频在网络上的点击率已经突破上百万。随后小宝作为世界上杰克逊的最小模仿者风靡一时，受到了全世界媒体的广泛关注。
1. What Xiao Bao’s mother said suggested that＿＿＿＿.
A. she didn’t expect her son to take up music
B. Xiao Bao had a strong love for music
C. she taught him music when Xiao Bao was young
D. she was very sad at the beginning
【解析】选B。推理判断题。从文章第三段中小宝的妈妈所说可知: 小宝从小就非常喜欢音乐。
2. How did Xiao Bao’s parents feel when they saw his reaction to music
A. Amazed. B. Happy. C. Angry. D. Anxious.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第四段“. . . his parents were surprised by how quickly and interestedly he took to the rhythm. ”可知：小宝的父母对小宝对音乐的反应感到非常的惊讶。
3. We can learn from the passage that________.
A. his parents taught him the moonwalk
B. he began to perform on stage at two
C. moonwalk moves were first done by Jackson
D. his parents found him hard to please
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段“. . . he is skilled at the moonwalk and other Jackson moves”可知：太空步为杰克逊所首创。
4. The underlined word “outfits” in Paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to＿＿＿.
A. clothes B. shoes C. bags D. tools
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据outfits 后面的解释：. . . including tailor-made suits, hats and shirts. 可得知：outfits 此处意为“专业服装装备”。
Ｂ
Jeanne Calment, a French woman,
became a record breaker on 17 October of
1995, when at the age of 120 years and 238
days, she became the longest-lived human being on record. A Japanese man died in 1986 at the age of 120 years and 237 days.
Jeanne Calment lives in a small old people’s home in the south of France; her husband, her only child and her grandson have all died. She is nearly blind and deaf and is always in a wheelchair, but her doctor describes her as being more like a 90-year-old in good health than someone of 120. She still has a lively sense of humor. When asked on her 120th birthday what she expected of the future, she replied: A very short one. She also remarked that she thought the good Lord had forgotten all about her.
So what is the key to a long life According to some doctors, diet, exercise and no smoking are the three important factors. Jeanne Calment has followed two of the tips(窍门). She has always eaten a healthy diet, and she used to do exercises every day until she broke her leg at the age of 115. However, until recently she drank two glasses of strong red wine a day, and she does smoke (now only a little). Besides, Jeanne Calment might have got very good genes(基因) from her parents. Her father lived to the age of 94 and her mother to 86.
A local lawyer bought her house when she was 80 under an agreement that he would pay her some money every year until her death. It must have seemed a good move at the time, but so far the lawyer has paid her at least three times the value of the house. Every year on her birthday Jeanne Calment sends him a card saying:
Sorry, I’m still alive!
本文介绍了世界上寿命最长的一位法国老太太。
5. How does Jeanne Calment feel about her old age
A. She is miserable and unhappy.
B. She is cheerful and humorous.
C. She would like to live much longer.
D. She feels she is going to die very soon.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章内容及第二段第三句She still has a lively sense of humor. 可推知此题答案为 B。
6. Jeanne Calment owes her good health and long life to＿＿.
A. smoking only a little every day
B. her giving up smoking and drinking
C. drinking two glasses of strong red wine every day
D. the good genes from her parents, a healthy diet and some exercises
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章第三段第四句 She has always eaten a healthy diet. . . 及本段倒数第二句. . . Jeanne Calment might have got very good genes from her parents 可推知此题答案为 D。
7. Which of the following could best replace the underlined word “move” in the fourth paragraph
A. deal B. trick C. march D. sport
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据此单词所在句子的前一句A local lawyer bought her house. . . until her death. 可推知“move”意为“交易”，故此题答案为 A。
8. Why does Jeanne Calment say “Sorry, I’m still alive! ” to the local lawyer every year on her birthday
A. Because she had an agreement at 80 with the lawyer which was to her advantage.
B. Because she has asked the lawyer to pay her more rent than they first agreed.
C. Because the lawyer has paid her much more money than the value of the house.
D. Because the house she sold to the lawyer isn’t worth the money he has already paid.
【解析】选C。推理判断题。文章倒数第二段第一二句说. . . so far the lawyer has paid her at least three times the value of the house，而老太太本人也感到不好意思，据此可推知答案为 C。(共13张PPT)
1. Nelson Mandela
Nelson Mandela was born in
Transkei, South Africa on July 18, 1918.
His father was Chief Henry Mandela of the
Tembu Tribe(部落). Mandela himself was educated at University College of Fort Hare and the
University of Witwatersrand and qualified in law in 1942. He joined the African National Congress(非洲人民大会党) in 1944 and was engaged in resistance against the ruling National Party’s apartheid policies(种族隔离政策) after 1948. He went on trial for treason in 1956-1961 and was acquitted(宣判无罪) in 1961.
After the banning of the ANC in 1960, Nelson Mandela argued for the setting up of a military(军事的) wing within the ANC. In June 1961, the ANC executive(执行者) considered his proposal on the use of violent tactics(暴力策略) and agreed that those members who wished to involve themselves in Mandela’s campaign would not be stopped from doing so by the ANC. This led to the formation of
Umkhonto we Sizwe(民族之矛). Mandela was arrested in 1962 and sentenced to five years’ imprisonment with hard labor. In 1963, when many fellow leaders of the ANC and the Umkhonto we Sizwe were arrested, Mandela was brought to stand trial with them for plotting to (秘密计划)overthrow the government by violence. His statement from the dock received considerable international publicity.
On June 12, 1964, eight of the accused, including Mandela, were sentenced to life imprisonment. From 1964 to 1982, he was in prison at Robben Island Prison, off Cape Town; thereafter, he was at Pollsmoor Prison, nearby on the mainland.
During his years in prison, Nelson Mandela’s reputation grew steadily. He was widely accepted as the most significant black leader in South Africa and became a potent symbol of resistance as the anti-apartheid movement (反对种族隔离运动) gathered strength. He refused to compromise(妥协) his political position to obtain his freedom.
Nelson Mandela was released on February 11, 1990. After his release, he plunged(投入) himself whole-heartedly into his life’s work, striving to attain the goals he and others had set out almost four decades earlier. In 1991, at the first national conference of the ANC held inside South Africa after the organization had been banned in 1960, Mandela was elected President of the ANC while his lifelong friend and colleague, Oliver Tambo, became the organization’s National Chairperson.
Nelson Mandela accepted the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize on behalf of all South Africans who had suffered and sacrificed so much to bring peace to our land. Long Walk to Freedom is his moving and popular autobiography(自传).
2. The ANC and the ANC Youth League
The ANC is a national liberation movement. It was formed in 1912 to unite the African people and spearhead the struggle for fundamental political, social and economic change. For nine decades the ANC has led the struggle against racism and oppression, organizing mass students’
resistance, mobilizing the international community and taking up the armed struggle against apartheid. Membership of the ANC is open to all South Africans above the age of 18 years, irrespective of race, color and creed, who accept its principles, policies and programmes.
The ANC Youth League was founded in 1944. The league propagated(传播) “Africanism” and its motto was “Africa’s cause must Triumph”. It was radical and militant. The members of it rejected the idea of“ foreign”leadership and argued that black Africans must provide their own leadership and rely upon themselves.
