外研版初中英语八年级上册Module 12 Unit 2 随堂小练笔
一、单词拼写（词汇运用）
1．根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。
（1）Thousands of people lost their lives in the big (地震).
（2）Remember to close the (窗户) when you leave the classroom.
（3）Try to keep (镇定的) and tell me what happened just now.
（4）The girl looked (里面), and she found an old granny sitting by the door.
（5）The (勇敢的) soldier jumped into the lake and saved the boy in the water.
二、语法填空
2． (not shout) here, Rick. Shouting
is not allowed in public places.
3．Here's
some advice about how (learn)
Chinese well.
4．Sometimes
it is (help) to make a
list of everything you have to do.
5．The government will build a new (power) factory next year.
6．In that traffic accident, Nancy was the (calm) girl in her class.
三、翻译
7．远离垃圾食品并保持健康。
junk food and
stay fit.
8．他还疼吗
Is he still
9．咱们来警告孩子们注意地震。
Let's the children the earthquake.
10．刚才学生们迅速转移到了操场上。
Just now the students quickly the playground。
11．请遵循你们在学校里学到的知识。
Please follow at school．
四、补全对话
12．情景交际(有两项为多余选项)。
A: Hey, did you see an article in today s
newspaper And he gave the money to the charity.
B:
A: What would you do if you had a million
dollars
B: If I had a million dollars, I would give
them to the children in Sichuan.
A:
B: Because last earthquake destroyed many
schools. I want to help them to build schools.
A: Wow, you are great!
B:
A: If I had so much money, I would give it
to Project Hope.
B: Well, you are great too.
A. I want to help the sick people. B. How about you C. How do you do that D. An old man had a million dollars. E. I want to help the poor children to
return to schools. F. What a nice man! G. Why would you do that
五、阅读理解
13．阅读理解
Earthquakes are hard to predict, but do you
know what to do before, during and after an earthquake Here's some advice:
Before an earthquake. It's necessary to
prepare yourself and your family. All family members should know how to turn
off the gas, water and electricity and know useful telephone numbers (120, 110,
119, etc.). Never put heavy things over beds.
During an earthquake. It's important for
each of you to stay calm. If you are indoors, quickly move to a safe place in
the room such as under a strong table. The purpose(目的) is to protect yourself from objects. Stay away from windows, large
mirrors, heavy furniture and so on. If you're cooking, turn off the gas. If
you're outdoors, move to an open area like a playground. Move away from
buildings, bridges and trees. If you are driving, stop the car as soon as
possible and stay away from bridges and tall buildings.
Stay
in your car.
After an earthquake. Once the shaking has
stopped, DO NOT run out of the building at once. It's better to wait and leave
when it's safe. Check around you and help the people who are in trouble. If
your building is badly broken, leave it. If you smell the gas, get everyone
outside and open windows and doors. If you can do it safely, turn off the gas.
Report it to the gas company.
（1）Which of the following is mentioned in the second paragraph
A．People should know how to turn on the gas.
B．People should know how to save water.
C．People shouldn't put heavy boxes over beds.
D．People shouldn't forget the phone numbers of others.
（2）When an earthquake happens, can help you deal with it.
A．standing still B．staying calm
C．looking outside D．moving indoors
（3）During an earthquake, if you are driving in an open area, you should .
A．speed up your car B．stop your car and stay in it
C．slow down your car D．stop your car and run out of it
（4）When the earth stops shaking, you should
A．check around you first B．run out of the building at once
C．break the windows and doors D．telephone your friends at once
（5）You can learn after reading the passage.
A．what an earthquake is like
B．how to stop an earthquake
C．how an earthquake happens
D．how to protect yourself in an earthquake
答案解析部分
1．【答案】（1）earthquake
（2）windows
（3）calm
（4）inside
（5）brave
【解析】【分析】⑴句意：成千上万的人在地震中失去了生命。earthquake地震。
⑵句意：当你离开教室的时候记住关窗户。window窗户，教室里的窗户不止一扇，故用复数形式windows。
⑶句意：尽量保持镇定，告诉我刚才发生了什么。calm冷静的，镇定的。
⑷句意：女孩看了看里面，发现门旁边坐了一位老奶奶。inside在里面。
⑸句意：那位勇敢的士兵跳进湖里面救了那个落水的男孩。brave勇敢的。
【点评】单词拼写考查对单词熟练掌握，同时根据语境对单词进行必要的变形。要求熟记单词的音、形、义和性，结合语境和常识进行准确的合乎逻辑的判断。
2．【答案】Don't shout
【知识点】表示否定的祈使句
【解析】【分析】句意：不要在这里大叫。瑞克。在公共场所不准大声喧哗。shout大叫，动词；根据句意和句子结构可知，此处的祈使句的否定句式，用don' t do形式，句首单词首字母大写，故填Don't shout。
【点评】考查祈使句的否定句式。注意祈使句的否定句式为don' t do形式。
3．【答案】to learn
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意： 这里有一些关于如何学好汉语的建议。 learn学习，动词；分析句子结构可知，此处是宾语从句的简化形式，用疑问词+动词不定式构成，所以此处需要动词不定式，故填to learn。
【点评】考查宾语从句的简化形式和动词不定式。注意宾语从句的简化形式为疑问词+动词不定式结构。
4．【答案】helpful
【知识点】形容词原级；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意： 有时把你要做的事情列个清单是有帮助的。 help帮助，名词，动词；helpful有帮助的，形容词；分析句子结构可知，此处是固定句型it is+adj+to do sth.，做某事怎么样；所以此处需要形容词作表语，故填helpful。
【点评】考查固定句型和形容词作表语。注意固定句型it is+adj+to do sth.。
5．【答案】power
【知识点】语法填空；不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：政府将于明年建一座新的发电厂。短语：power factory发电厂。故答案为power。
【点评】考查名词的形式，熟记固定短语。
6．【答案】calmest
【知识点】最高级的一般句式
【解析】【分析】句意：在那起交通事故中，南希是她们班上最镇定的女孩。calm，adj，冷静的；镇定的。由表示范围的短语in her class可知用最高级。故答案为calmest。
【点评】考查形容词的最高级：在一定范围内进行比较，要用最高级形式。
7．【答案】Stay away from
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知缺少部分为“远离”。stay away from远离；根据句子结构可知是祈使句，用动词原形，句首字母大写，故答案为 Stay away from。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意识记固定搭配stay away from。
8．【答案】in pain
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据中英文提示可知缺少部分为“疼”；句子由be动词，不能用动词，be in pain，疼痛，痛苦；符合题意，故答案为in pain。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意识记固定搭配in pain。
9．【答案】warn；about
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知，此句缺少成分“警告……注意……”，警告某人注意某物或某事warn sb. about sth.固定短语；let' s do sth.让我们做某事，固定短语，所以第一空需要动词原形，故填warn，about。
【点评】考查汉译英。根据汉语提示匹配相应的英语。注意固定短语let' s do sth.和warn sb. about sth.。
10．【答案】moved；to
【知识点】汉译英；补充句子
【解析】【分析】短语：move to搬到……；转移到。just now刚才，是一般过去时的标志，故答案为moved to。
【点评】考查完成句子。根据汉语提示确定需要的短语，注意动词的时态。
11．【答案】what；you；learnt / learned
【知识点】汉译英；补充句子
【解析】【分析】根据提示可知follow后跟宾语从句，表示“所（学、听到、看见的）的”结构常用what引导宾语从句，句中“在学校里学到的”应发生在follow之前，所以用一般过去时，故答案为what you learned/learnt.
【点评】考查完成句子。理解句意，注意空格处需要使用的结构和动词的时态。
12．【答案】D；F；G；B；E
【知识点】补全对话；七选五题型
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文以一个老人捐一百万引出话题，两个人谈论如果自己有一百万会怎么做的对话。
选项意思：
A. I want to help the sick people.我想帮助生病的人。
B. How about you 你呢
C. How do you do that 你是怎么做的
D. An old man had a million dollars.一位老人有一百万美元。
E. I want to help the poor children to return to schools.我想帮助贫穷的孩子重返学校。
F. What a nice man!多好的一个人啊!
G. Why would you do that 你为什么要那样做
（1）根据上文 did you see an article in today s newspaper 和下文 And he gave the money to the charity. 可知这里是说老人有钱，故答案为D。
（2）根据上文 And he gave the money to the charity. 可知这里是对老人的评价，结合选项可知F符合题意，故答案为F。
（3）根据答语 Because last earthquake destroyed many schools. I want to help them to build schools. 可知上文问句是问原因，用why提问，结合选项可知G符合题意，故答案为G。
（4）根据下文句子 If I had so much money, I would give it to Project Hope. 可知是问你呢（如果你有一百万你会怎么做），结合选项可知B符合题意，故答案为B。
（5）根据上文 If I had so much money, I would give it to Project Hope. 可知想把钱捐给希望工程，根据常识可知下文工程是帮助孩子们上学的，结合选项，可知E符合题意，故答案为E。
【点评】考查补全对话，可以将整个文段首先浏览一遍，大概理解意思。答题过程中，根据所提供的答语或是后文进行作答，同时，做题过程中也可以使用排除法，将选项带到文章中逐一作答，答完后注意通读检查是否符合逻辑，语义顺畅。
13．【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）B
（4）A
（5）D
【知识点】科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要就地震前、中、后该做什么提出了一些建议。
（1）细节理解题。根据文中第二段内容Never put heavy things over beds.不要把重物放在床上。 可知，故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据文中第三段 During an earthquake. It's important for each of you to stay calm. 在地震中。保持冷静对你们每个人都很重要。 可知，故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据文中第三段If you are driving, stop the car as soon as possible and stay away from bridges and tall buildings.Stay in your car.如果你正在开车，请尽快停车，并远离桥梁和高楼。呆在你的车里。 可知，故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据文中第四段 Once the shaking has stopped, DO NOT run out of the building at once. It's better to wait and leave when it's safe. Check around you and help the people who are in trouble. 一旦晃动停止，不要立即跑出建筑物。最好等安全了再走。检查你周围，帮助有困难的人。 可知，故选A。
（5）推理判断题。根据本文内容可知，本文主要就地震前、中、后该做什么提出了一些建议。所以可推知，读完这篇文章之后，你可以学会如何在地震中保护自己 。故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解全文大意。其次分析问题和选项，找出问题的关键词，从文中找出相关信息，选出正确的选项。
1 / 1外研版初中英语八年级上册Module 12 Unit 2 随堂小练笔
一、单词拼写（词汇运用）
1．根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。
（1）Thousands of people lost their lives in the big (地震).
（2）Remember to close the (窗户) when you leave the classroom.
（3）Try to keep (镇定的) and tell me what happened just now.
（4）The girl looked (里面), and she found an old granny sitting by the door.
（5）The (勇敢的) soldier jumped into the lake and saved the boy in the water.
【答案】（1）earthquake
（2）windows
（3）calm
（4）inside
（5）brave
【解析】【分析】⑴句意：成千上万的人在地震中失去了生命。earthquake地震。
⑵句意：当你离开教室的时候记住关窗户。window窗户，教室里的窗户不止一扇，故用复数形式windows。
⑶句意：尽量保持镇定，告诉我刚才发生了什么。calm冷静的，镇定的。
⑷句意：女孩看了看里面，发现门旁边坐了一位老奶奶。inside在里面。
⑸句意：那位勇敢的士兵跳进湖里面救了那个落水的男孩。brave勇敢的。
【点评】单词拼写考查对单词熟练掌握，同时根据语境对单词进行必要的变形。要求熟记单词的音、形、义和性，结合语境和常识进行准确的合乎逻辑的判断。
二、语法填空
2． (not shout) here, Rick. Shouting
is not allowed in public places.
【答案】Don't shout
【知识点】表示否定的祈使句
【解析】【分析】句意：不要在这里大叫。瑞克。在公共场所不准大声喧哗。shout大叫，动词；根据句意和句子结构可知，此处的祈使句的否定句式，用don' t do形式，句首单词首字母大写，故填Don't shout。
【点评】考查祈使句的否定句式。注意祈使句的否定句式为don' t do形式。
3．Here's
some advice about how (learn)
Chinese well.
【答案】to learn
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意： 这里有一些关于如何学好汉语的建议。 learn学习，动词；分析句子结构可知，此处是宾语从句的简化形式，用疑问词+动词不定式构成，所以此处需要动词不定式，故填to learn。
【点评】考查宾语从句的简化形式和动词不定式。注意宾语从句的简化形式为疑问词+动词不定式结构。
4．Sometimes
it is (help) to make a
list of everything you have to do.
【答案】helpful
【知识点】形容词原级；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意： 有时把你要做的事情列个清单是有帮助的。 help帮助，名词，动词；helpful有帮助的，形容词；分析句子结构可知，此处是固定句型it is+adj+to do sth.，做某事怎么样；所以此处需要形容词作表语，故填helpful。
【点评】考查固定句型和形容词作表语。注意固定句型it is+adj+to do sth.。
5．The government will build a new (power) factory next year.
【答案】power
【知识点】语法填空；不可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：政府将于明年建一座新的发电厂。短语：power factory发电厂。故答案为power。
【点评】考查名词的形式，熟记固定短语。
6．In that traffic accident, Nancy was the (calm) girl in her class.
【答案】calmest
【知识点】最高级的一般句式
【解析】【分析】句意：在那起交通事故中，南希是她们班上最镇定的女孩。calm，adj，冷静的；镇定的。由表示范围的短语in her class可知用最高级。故答案为calmest。
【点评】考查形容词的最高级：在一定范围内进行比较，要用最高级形式。
三、翻译
7．远离垃圾食品并保持健康。
junk food and
stay fit.
【答案】Stay away from
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知缺少部分为“远离”。stay away from远离；根据句子结构可知是祈使句，用动词原形，句首字母大写，故答案为 Stay away from。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意识记固定搭配stay away from。
8．他还疼吗
Is he still
【答案】in pain
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据中英文提示可知缺少部分为“疼”；句子由be动词，不能用动词，be in pain，疼痛，痛苦；符合题意，故答案为in pain。
【点评】考查汉译英。注意识记固定搭配in pain。
9．咱们来警告孩子们注意地震。
Let's the children the earthquake.
【答案】warn；about
【知识点】汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照可知，此句缺少成分“警告……注意……”，警告某人注意某物或某事warn sb. about sth.固定短语；let' s do sth.让我们做某事，固定短语，所以第一空需要动词原形，故填warn，about。
【点评】考查汉译英。根据汉语提示匹配相应的英语。注意固定短语let' s do sth.和warn sb. about sth.。
10．刚才学生们迅速转移到了操场上。
Just now the students quickly the playground。
【答案】moved；to
【知识点】汉译英；补充句子
【解析】【分析】短语：move to搬到……；转移到。just now刚才，是一般过去时的标志，故答案为moved to。
【点评】考查完成句子。根据汉语提示确定需要的短语，注意动词的时态。
11．请遵循你们在学校里学到的知识。
Please follow at school．
【答案】what；you；learnt / learned
【知识点】汉译英；补充句子
【解析】【分析】根据提示可知follow后跟宾语从句，表示“所（学、听到、看见的）的”结构常用what引导宾语从句，句中“在学校里学到的”应发生在follow之前，所以用一般过去时，故答案为what you learned/learnt.
【点评】考查完成句子。理解句意，注意空格处需要使用的结构和动词的时态。
四、补全对话
12．情景交际(有两项为多余选项)。
A: Hey, did you see an article in today s
newspaper And he gave the money to the charity.
B:
A: What would you do if you had a million
dollars
B: If I had a million dollars, I would give
them to the children in Sichuan.
A:
B: Because last earthquake destroyed many
schools. I want to help them to build schools.
A: Wow, you are great!
B:
A: If I had so much money, I would give it
to Project Hope.
B: Well, you are great too.
A. I want to help the sick people. B. How about you C. How do you do that D. An old man had a million dollars. E. I want to help the poor children to
return to schools. F. What a nice man! G. Why would you do that
【答案】D；F；G；B；E
【知识点】补全对话；七选五题型
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文以一个老人捐一百万引出话题，两个人谈论如果自己有一百万会怎么做的对话。
选项意思：
A. I want to help the sick people.我想帮助生病的人。
B. How about you 你呢
C. How do you do that 你是怎么做的
D. An old man had a million dollars.一位老人有一百万美元。
E. I want to help the poor children to return to schools.我想帮助贫穷的孩子重返学校。
F. What a nice man!多好的一个人啊!
G. Why would you do that 你为什么要那样做
（1）根据上文 did you see an article in today s newspaper 和下文 And he gave the money to the charity. 可知这里是说老人有钱，故答案为D。
（2）根据上文 And he gave the money to the charity. 可知这里是对老人的评价，结合选项可知F符合题意，故答案为F。
（3）根据答语 Because last earthquake destroyed many schools. I want to help them to build schools. 可知上文问句是问原因，用why提问，结合选项可知G符合题意，故答案为G。
（4）根据下文句子 If I had so much money, I would give it to Project Hope. 可知是问你呢（如果你有一百万你会怎么做），结合选项可知B符合题意，故答案为B。
（5）根据上文 If I had so much money, I would give it to Project Hope. 可知想把钱捐给希望工程，根据常识可知下文工程是帮助孩子们上学的，结合选项，可知E符合题意，故答案为E。
【点评】考查补全对话，可以将整个文段首先浏览一遍，大概理解意思。答题过程中，根据所提供的答语或是后文进行作答，同时，做题过程中也可以使用排除法，将选项带到文章中逐一作答，答完后注意通读检查是否符合逻辑，语义顺畅。
五、阅读理解
13．阅读理解
Earthquakes are hard to predict, but do you
know what to do before, during and after an earthquake Here's some advice:
Before an earthquake. It's necessary to
prepare yourself and your family. All family members should know how to turn
off the gas, water and electricity and know useful telephone numbers (120, 110,
119, etc.). Never put heavy things over beds.
During an earthquake. It's important for
each of you to stay calm. If you are indoors, quickly move to a safe place in
the room such as under a strong table. The purpose(目的) is to protect yourself from objects. Stay away from windows, large
mirrors, heavy furniture and so on. If you're cooking, turn off the gas. If
you're outdoors, move to an open area like a playground. Move away from
buildings, bridges and trees. If you are driving, stop the car as soon as
possible and stay away from bridges and tall buildings.
Stay
in your car.
After an earthquake. Once the shaking has
stopped, DO NOT run out of the building at once. It's better to wait and leave
when it's safe. Check around you and help the people who are in trouble. If
your building is badly broken, leave it. If you smell the gas, get everyone
outside and open windows and doors. If you can do it safely, turn off the gas.
Report it to the gas company.
（1）Which of the following is mentioned in the second paragraph
A．People should know how to turn on the gas.
B．People should know how to save water.
C．People shouldn't put heavy boxes over beds.
D．People shouldn't forget the phone numbers of others.
（2）When an earthquake happens, can help you deal with it.
A．standing still B．staying calm
C．looking outside D．moving indoors
（3）During an earthquake, if you are driving in an open area, you should .
A．speed up your car B．stop your car and stay in it
C．slow down your car D．stop your car and run out of it
（4）When the earth stops shaking, you should
A．check around you first B．run out of the building at once
C．break the windows and doors D．telephone your friends at once
（5）You can learn after reading the passage.
A．what an earthquake is like
B．how to stop an earthquake
C．how an earthquake happens
D．how to protect yourself in an earthquake
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）B
（4）A
（5）D
【知识点】科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要就地震前、中、后该做什么提出了一些建议。
（1）细节理解题。根据文中第二段内容Never put heavy things over beds.不要把重物放在床上。 可知，故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据文中第三段 During an earthquake. It's important for each of you to stay calm. 在地震中。保持冷静对你们每个人都很重要。 可知，故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据文中第三段If you are driving, stop the car as soon as possible and stay away from bridges and tall buildings.Stay in your car.如果你正在开车，请尽快停车，并远离桥梁和高楼。呆在你的车里。 可知，故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据文中第四段 Once the shaking has stopped, DO NOT run out of the building at once. It's better to wait and leave when it's safe. Check around you and help the people who are in trouble. 一旦晃动停止，不要立即跑出建筑物。最好等安全了再走。检查你周围，帮助有困难的人。 可知，故选A。
（5）推理判断题。根据本文内容可知，本文主要就地震前、中、后该做什么提出了一些建议。所以可推知，读完这篇文章之后，你可以学会如何在地震中保护自己 。故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解全文大意。其次分析问题和选项，找出问题的关键词，从文中找出相关信息，选出正确的选项。
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