人教版（2019）选择性必修四Unit 4 Sharing（4份课件+4份作业，共8份打包）

单元素养评估卷(四)
时间:120分钟　分数:120分
第二部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分)　　　　　　　　　　
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Joining Us as a Sports Meeting Volunteer!
The success of our international sports meeting depends on your contribution! Join us as a volunteer! Volunteers will be directly involved in assisting operations before, during and after the sports meeting. Volunteers will guide athletes around, welcome important people and help lost visitors.
Number of Volunteering Days and Daily Hours
※The sports meeting will be held from Friday 24 July to Sunday 9 August. In principle, volunteers will be required to work for at least a fortnight before, during and after the sports meeting.
※Volunteers will work eight hours per day including rest breaks. Actual shift lengths depend on event schedules, activities, activity sites, etc.
Age and Residential Requirements
Applicants must fulfill the following two requirements:
※Born on or before April 1, 2002.
※Japanese national or person with valid visa permitting residence in Japan during the volunteer period (temporary visitors included). Native speakers of English will be preferred.
Number of Volunteer Opportunities
※80,000.
Method and Applicant Categories
※Applications will be submitted online.
※Individuals only.
Offers and Confirmation
Those applicants who attend the training sessions(会议) and are assigned a volunteer role will be offered to become a volunteer.
Please note that the above offer will be cancelled in the event of any of the following:
※If the volunteer engages in any activity that damages the image of the sports meeting.
※If the volunteer engages in any activity that severely damages teamwork.
※If any information contained in the original application form is clearly found to be false.
Items and Welfares Provided to Volunteers
Volunteers will be provided with a set of free volunteer uniforms and meals during the work day.
21. How long will a volunteer be required to work at least
A. One week. B. Two weeks.
C. Three weeks. D. Four weeks.
解析:细节理解题。根据Number of Volunteering Days and Daily Hours部分的“In principle, volunteers will be required to work for at least a fortnight before, during and after the sports meeting.”可知,运动会志愿者被要求至少工作两周。故选B。
答案:B
22. Who will be more likely to be accepted as a volunteer
A. A Chinese. B. A Russian.
C. An Australian. D. A German.
解析:推理判断题。根据Age and Residential Requirements部分的“Native speakers of English will be preferred.”可知,以英语为母语者优先考虑。结合各选项可知,澳大利亚人的母语是英语,所以澳大利亚人最有可能被录用为志愿者。故选C。
答案:C
23. What will volunteers be provided with for free
A. Clothing. B. Accommodation.
C. Transportation. D. Amusements.
解析:细节理解题。根据Items and Welfares Provided to Volunteers部分的“Volunteers will be provided with a set of free volunteer uniforms and meals during the work day.”可知,志愿者在工作期间将获得一套免费的志愿者制服。故选A。
答案:A
B
It’s roughly estimated that there are 450 million disabled people in the world. No one knows exactly how many disabled people there are in the world. The number of disabled people in India alone is probably more than double the total population of Canada.
In the United Kingdom, about one in ten people have some disability. Disability is not just something that happens to other people: as we get older, many of us will become less mobile, hard of hearing or have failing eyesight.
Disablement can take many forms and occur at any time of life. Some people are born with disabilities. Many others become disabled as they get older. There are many progressive disabling diseases. The longer time goes on, the worse they become. Some people are disabled in accidents. Many others may have a period of disability in the form of a mental illness. All are affected by people’s attitude towards them.
Disabled people face many physical barriers. Next time you go shopping or to work or visit friends, imagine how you would manage if you could not get up steps, or onto buses and trains. How would you cope if you could not see where you were going or could not hear the traffic But there are other barriers: prejudice can be even harder to break down and ignorance inevitably represents by far the greatest barrier of all. It is almost impossible for the able-bodied to fully appreciate what the severely disabled go through, so it is important to draw attention to these barriers and show that it is the individual person and their ability not their disability that count.
24. What’s the main idea of the first paragraph
A. The number of disabled people in India is the greatest.
B. India has much more disabled people than Canada.
C. There are many disabled people in the world.
D. It is impossible to get an exact figure of the world’s disabled people.
解析:段落大意题。根据第一段第一句和最后一句可以看出,作者首先提到了一个巨大的残疾人数量,然后又提到印度的残疾人数量是加拿大总人数的两倍多,由此可以看出,作者是在强调残疾人数量之多。故选C。
答案:C
25. The last word of the passage “count” most probably means 　　　　.
A. be numbered
B. be included
C. be considered
D. be most important
解析:词义猜测题。结合语境可知,对于那些身体健全的人来说,让他们完全理解重度残疾人所经历的一切几乎是不可能的,因此,引起人们对于残疾人所面临的“障碍”的关注是非常重要的,同样重要的是要表明:对于残疾人而言,最重要的是他们自己和他们所拥有的能力,而非他们身上的残疾。由此可知count意为“be most important”。故选D。
答案:D
26. Which of the following statements is NOT true
A. About 10 percent of people in the UK are disabled.
B. Even the able-bodied may lose some of their body functions when they get older.
C. There still exists prejudice against the disabled which results mainly from ignorance.
D. The whole society should pay attention to the barriers faced by the disabled people.
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段可知,10%的英国人是残疾人;很多人老了之后都会失去某些生活能力,故A项和B项正确;文章最后一句提出,人们应该关注残疾人所面临的“障碍”,故D项正确。由最后一段第四句“... prejudice can be even harder to break down and ignorance inevitably represents by far the greatest barrier of all.”可知,社会上对于残疾人的偏见似乎更难被消除,而人们对于残疾的无知也必然成了目前残疾人所面临的最大的困难。而C项意为“现在仍然存在对残疾人的偏见,而这种偏见主要是由于人们的无知造成的。”与原文意思不同。故C项错误。故选C。
答案:C
27. It can be concluded from the passage that 　　　　.
A. both physical and mental barriers are hard to break down
B. we should take a proper attitude towards the disabled
C. we should try our best to prevent disablement
D. the able-bodied people will never fully under-stand the disabled
解析:推理判断题。文章在最后一段提出了结论:要理解残疾人所面临的障碍,要看到他们本身所拥有的能力而非残疾。故选B。
答案:B
C
When Danny Mendoza discovered that his nine-year-old cousin was living in a car, he desperately tried to find him a home. In the process, he became aware of the realities faced by the children in the foster care system every day. When they get moved from one place to another, they often end up packing their belongings in garbage bags—and that’s only one of many things they suffer.
Determined to help, Mendoza began searching for ways to assist the children in the foster care system. The journey inspired him to create an organisation with his friend that would change the way the youth experience foster care, and Together We Rise was born.
The volunteer-based national non-profit organisation is managed by young adults wanting to change the lives of more than 400,000 American children in the foster care system. People who want to help foster children locally can donate money for bikes or “sweet cases”, which are colourful bags given to foster kids so they don’t have to carry their belongings in trash bags. Each case includes essentials and special gifts like a teddy bear to provide comfort when they need it most. People can also sponsor scholarships or host a volunteer day to donate and pack sweet cases.
Foster children are often forced to provide for themselves as soon as they become 18. This can be a rough introduction to adulthood, especially if the teen doesn’t have the right support system to ensure their success as an independent individual. So the organisation hosts events throughout the year that provide assistance for foster children, including those who have “aged out” of the system. More importantly, it tries to give foster children a brighter future and a sense of belonging.
Mendoza isn’t the only one creatively changing the lives of foster kids.
28. What did Mendoza find about the children in the foster care system when helping his cousin
A. They were always travelling to new places by car.
B. They could live a life free of worries and suffering.
C. They had few belongings when they moved to another place.
D. They could develop good relationships in the foster care system.
解析:推理判断题。根据第一段可知,Mendoza在为自己九岁的表弟找新家的时候发现,这些在寄养中心的孩子面临着很多困难,并且提到,他们从一个地方搬到另一个地方的时候用垃圾袋装自己的行李,由此推断他们的行李很少。故选C。
答案:C
29. What was the aim of Together We Rise
A. To help children in the foster care system.
B. To improve the way the youth experience life.
C. To get children interested in volunteer work.
D. To raise money for the homeless children.
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知,Mendoza创建“Together We Rise”这个机构的目的是帮助在寄养中心的孩子们。故选A。
答案:A
30. What do the colourful bags for foster children contain
A. Money donated to them for bikes and sweet cases.
B. Basic things they need in life and special gifts.
C. Tips for them about applying for scholar-ships.
D. Non-profit products meant to pack their belongings.
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句可知,每个包里面都有生活必需品和特殊的礼物。故选B。
答案:B
31. What kind of person is Mendoza in the author’s opinion
A. Clever and honest.
B. Hard-working and handsome.
C. Helpful and generous.
D. Sensitive and encouraging.
解析:推理判断题。Mendoza成立Together We Rise,帮助在寄养中心的孩子们,由此可以看出,Mendoza乐于助人,而且很慷慨。故选C。
答案:C
D
California has lost half of its big trees since the 1930s, according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor.
The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46,000 square miles of California forests, the new study finds. No area is spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country, the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent; in parts of southern California the decline is nearly 75 percent.
Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick McIntyre, an ecologist who was the lead author of the study. Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housing development pushed into the woods. Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources.
But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010, McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development.
The loss of big trees was the greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed, taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness of soil, and the timing of snowmelt.
Since the 1930s, McIntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.
32. What is the second paragraph mainly about
A. The seriousness of big-tree loss in California.
B. The increasing variety of California big trees.
C. The distribution of big trees in California forests.
D. The influence of farming on big trees in California.
解析:段落大意题。第二段中,作者用具体数据说明了大树损失在各个地区的严重程度,没有任何地区幸免或不受影响。故选A。
答案:A
33. Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees
A. Ecological studies of forests.
B. Banning woodcutting.
C. Limiting housing development.
D. Fire control measures.
解析:推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources.”可知,对野火的控制使得加利福尼亚州的森林里挤满了小树,与大树争夺资源,也就是说对野火的控制是善意的,但对大树产生了不利的影响。故选D。
答案:D
34. What is a major cause of the water shortage according to McIntyre
A. Inadequate snowmelt.
B. A longer dry season.
C. A warmer climate.
D. Dampness of the air.
解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段可知,造成加利福尼亚州水资源短缺的最大因素是温度升高,这导致树木在空气中流失更多的水分,并且造成积雪早早融化,使旱季水量减少。故选C。
答案:C
35. What can be a suitable title for the passage
A. California’s Forests: Where Have All the Big Trees Gone
B. Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California Soon
C. Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests
D. Patrick McIntyre: Grow More Big Trees in California
解析:主旨大意题。通读全文可知,自20世纪30年代以来,加州已经损失了一半的大树,文章分析了导致该现象的几个主要因素。全文围绕“加利福尼亚州森林的大树都去哪儿了”的话题展开。故选A。
答案:A
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you want to have a garden full of life and motion, you have to attract some wildlife.
It’s not as difficult as it may sound. Your garden will attract insects, bugs, birds and mammals. 36. You will make yourself happy and at the same time you will provide a living space for these beautiful creatures. All you need to do is to follow this advice and you will have the garden of your dreams. If you think your garden has to be messy and untidy, you’re wrong. You need waves and long-living plants and strong curves of hedges(树篱) and paths. 37.　　　　 It’s important to provide everything animals will need to live in your garden.
Provide food. 38.　　　　 Planting native plants is what you have to do in order to attract wildlife. Plants like roses, honeysuckle and lavender attract different insects like bees and butterflies. Hummingbirds are fans of fuchsias and geraniums. Trees and shrubs that produce fruit, berries and seed are good sources of food for your little friends.
Provide some shelters for wildlife. You need to plant evergreen plants, too, because they are a suitable place for wildlife to take shelter.
Provide water. It’s important to provide water. Some animals can use even your pool to have a bath. Bees love shallow water. 39.　　　　 It’s vital to change the water in your pond regularly to avoid breeding mosquitoes.
Provide a place for wildlife to raise young. A birdhouse or a pile of brush can be a nice place for wildlife to raise their young. It’s good to have climber-covered walls and fences to increase the possibilities not only for raising children, but also for feeding, nesting, roosting and hibernating.
40.　　　　 Some species will overtake your garden and make it unfriendly. If there are wild cats that threaten the wildlife in your garden, it would be wise to take steps to keep those out.
A. It’s advisable to have the grass.
B. Keep invasive species away.
C. Silence won’t bother you anymore and you won’t be alone.
D. It’s reasonable to keep native species.
E. Kill invasive species as soon as it appears.
F. This can be as simple as placing a bird feeder.
G. You can have a fountain and a small artificial pond.
36. 解析:由前句“Your garden will attract insects, bugs, birds and mammals.”可知,你的花园会吸引很多的生物,当然你不会再孤独。故选C。
答案:C
37. 解析:由后句“It’s important to provide everything animals will need to live in your garden.”可知,需要提供动物在你的花园里生活需要的东西,因此提供草是明智的。故选A。
答案:A
38. 解析:由前句“Provide food.”可知,后面应是谈及如何给动物提供食物来源的事情了。故选F。
答案:F
39. 解析:由上文“It’s important to provide water. Some animals can use even your pool to have a bath. Bees love shallow water.”可知,很多动物需要水,因此你需要准备水。故选G。
答案:G
40. 解析:由后句“Some species will overtake your garden and make it unfriendly.”可知,一些物种不友好,所以要把它们赶走。故选B。
答案:B
第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As the saying goes, roses given, fragrance in hand. I am always in the 　41　 of giving money to every beggar I pass by. My friends say beggars have their ability to 　42　 and my act shouldn’t be encouraged. It 　43　 them that I never listen.
On a rainy day, my friend and I were walking to the bus stop 　44　 I passed a beggar lady. I had seen her several times before and had always given her a few 　45　. That day, I gave her two Euros. I was waiting for the bus and reading a book when I 　46　 to see that lady standing in front of me. She handed me a piece of paper covered in a plastic bag to prevent it from getting 　47　. She stood there, looking at me 　48　. I took the paper, which 　49　 she and her family had to leave their country because of floods, and she was 　50　 to support them. She had got a bit of money, but she needed five 　51　 Euros to get home. I reached into my pockets and found twenty cents. My friend took out a five Euro note. I asked her to give it to the lady, and said that I would 　52　 the next day. When she got the money, the lady hugged us and said thanks, and went on her way. Later on the bus, I wondered where her home was and 　53　 she had gotten to this country. In her story, I felt that my friend and I would always remain part of it as the 　54　 who helped her get home on a rainy day. But for me, helping a stranger did bring me happiness, giving me a pleasant 　55　.
41. A. time B. way
C. habit D. trend
解析:in the habit of 表示“有……的习惯”,为固定表达。故选C。
答案:C
42. A. expose B. survive
C. evaluate D. devote
解析:语境表示朋友们说乞丐有能力生存,survive生存。故选B。
答案:B
43. A. delights B. annoys
C. interests D. attracts
解析:朋友们好心相劝,作者却不听,这让朋友们觉得恼火(annoy)。故选B。
答案:B
44. A. while B. as
C. when D. where
解析:本空所在部分使用了句式“be doing sth when ...”表示“正在做……这时……”。故选C。
答案:C
45. A. cents B. suggestions
C. books D. roses
解析:文章开头说作者每次遇到乞丐总要给钱。故选A。
答案:A
46. A. turned around B. looked down
C. looked up D. stood up
解析:前文说作者在低头看书,因此这里表示作者无意间抬头(look up)时看到了那位女士站在她面前。故选C。
答案:C
47. A. wet B. burnt
C. lost D. dirty
解析:由下文的“on a rainy day”可知,把纸包在塑料袋里,是为了这张纸不被雨水打湿(get wet)。故选A。
答案:A
48. A. cheerfully B. clumsily
C. eagerly D. silly
解析:那位女士站在那里,充满渴望地(eagerly)看着作者。故选C。
答案:C
49. A. said B. spoke
C. wrote D. told
解析:这里表示纸上写的内容。故选A。
答案:A
50. A. hesitating B. struggling
C. exploring D. searching
解析:根据空后的“to support them”可知,此处是她正努力(struggle)养活他们。故选B。
答案:B
51. A. many B. much
C. another D. more
解析:这里用“数词+more+名词”表示“另外……”。故选D。
答案:D
52. A. take back B. come back
C. pay back D. get back
解析:此处是说作者会把钱还给朋友,pay back偿还。故选C。
答案:C
53. A. why B. how
C. where D. whether
解析:这里是作者在想这位女士的家在哪里并且她是怎么来到这里的,因此用连接副词how引导宾语从句,并在从句中作方式状语。故选B。
答案:B
54. A. strangers B. lookers-on
C. passers-by D. foreigners
解析:根据下文的“helping a stranger did bring me happiness”可知答案。故选A。
答案:A
55. A. situation B. mood
C. spirit D. position
解析:帮助陌生人让作者心情愉快,mood心情。故选B。
答案:B
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We used to appreciate those who like to help 56. 　　　(stranger). But nowadays some people tend to be very 57. 　　　　(care) of helping strangers. Our class 58. 　　　　(have) a discussion about whether we should help strangers or not last week. Opinions are different on this topic.
Some think we should try to help others whether they are strangers or not. Helping others is 59. 　　　　virtue, and it will make our society more harmonious. Besides, helping others is helping ourselves. We may come across some trouble 60. 　　　　need others’ help some day. If everyone turns a blind eye to our trouble just because we are strangers to them, it’s hard 61. 　　　　(imagine) what our world will be like. However, others are afraid that helping others can sometimes bring them trouble or even put them in danger. Sometimes we 62. 　　　　(misunderstand) and thus have to pay the cost of kindness.
In my opinion, we should try 63. 　　　　(we) best to help others when they are 64. 　　　　need of help, but we should also protect ourselves from 65. 　　　　(get) into trouble.
56. 解析:stranger是可数名词,结合语境可知要帮助的陌生人不止一个,故应用其复数形式strangers。
答案:strangers
57. 解析:be动词后跟形容词作表语,故填形容词careful。
答案:careful
58. 解析:根据句子的时间状语last week可知,动作发生在过去,所以用一般过去时。故填had。
答案:had
59. 解析:句意:帮助别人是一种美德。此处virtue是可数名词,表示泛指,且该词的发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。
答案:a
60. 解析:句意:我们或许有一天会遇到麻烦,会需要别人的帮助。空处前后是顺承关系,故填并列连词and。
答案:and
61. 解析:固定句型“it is hard to do sth”表示“做某事很困难”,此处it是形式主语,不定式作真正的主语。故填to imagine。
答案:to imagine
62. 解析:句意:有时候我们会被误会。we与misunderstand之间是被动关系,且表示客观情况,故用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are misunderstood。
答案:are misunderstood
63. 解析:try one’s best是固定短语,由主语we可知,此处应用our。
答案:our
64. 解析:in need of意为“需要”,为固定搭配。故填in。
答案:in
65. 解析:protect sb from doing sth是固定用法,意为“保护某人不受伤害”,故此处应用动词-ing形式作介词from的宾语。故填getting。
答案:getting
第四部分　写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,计划和同学去敬老院陪老人过重阳节。请给外教 Johnson 写封邮件,邀请他一同前往。主要内容:
(1)出发及返回的时间;
(2)活动内容:打扫卫生、包饺子、表演节目等。
注意:
(1)词数 80 左右;
(2)开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
参考单词: 敬老院nursing home; 重阳节 the Double Ninth Festival
Dear Johnson,
How is everything going these days I’m writing to invite you to join us to visit the nursing home nearby.

Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
答案:
Dear Johnson,
　　How is everything going these days I’m writing to invite you to join us to visit the nursing home nearby. The Double Ninth Festival is a big day for the elderly in our culture. We intend to go there and do a big cleaning for them. Then we are going to make dumplings with them together and enjoy the delicious food. In the afternoon, we’ll go climbing the hill and spend some fun time singing, dancing and playing games. We should be back at about 5 o’clock.
If you are able to come with us, please let us know and we’ll be waiting for you at the school gate at 9 in the morning.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When a tornado hit a small town nearby, many families were left homeless. Afterward, all the local newspapers carried stories of the families who suffered the hardest to appeal to people’s attention and assistance.
One Sunday, a particular picture especially touched me. A young woman stood in front of a mobile home, a depressed expression on her face. A young boy, seven or eight years old, stood at her side, eyes downcast. Hiding behind her skirt was a tiny girl who stared into the camera, wide eyes with confusion and fear. The article below gave clothing sizes closely matched ours. This would be a good opportunity to teach my seven-year-old twins, Brad and Brett, and three-year-old Meghan to help those less fortunate than themselves.
“We have so much. And these poor people now have nothing,” I said. “We’ll share what we have with them.” I brought three large boxes down from the room upstairs and placed them in the living room. Meghan watched seriously, as the boys and I filled one of the boxes with canned goods and foods. While I sorted through our clothes, I encouraged the boys to go through their toys and donate some of their less favourite things. The boys were pleased to join. Brad rose and went to his room fast. He came back bringing his action figures that he played with not so frequently. Brett also jumped up and ran to fetch some of his Matchbox cars and airplane models. Meghan watched quietly as the boys piled up abandoned toys.
The boys placed the objects they had chosen to donate into one of the boxes while I filled the third box with clothes. Meghan walked up with Lucy, her worn, faded, best-loved rag doll hugged tightly to her chest. “I’ll help you find something for the little girl, too,” I said to the little Meghan.
注意:
(1)续写词数应为150左右;
(2)请按如下格式作答。
“Mommy, I will give Lucy to them,” Meghan turned to me.

Recognising what little Meghan’s gesture meant, I removed my old jacket from the box of clothes.

答案:
　　“Mommy, I will give Lucy to them,” Meghan turned to me. “Oh, honey,” I said. “You don’t have to give Lucy. You love her so much.” Meghan nodded seriously, eyes glistening with tears. “Lucy makes me happy, Mommy. Maybe she’ll make that little girl happy, too.” She paused in front of the box that held the toys, pressed her round little face into Lucy’s flat face, gave her a final kiss, and then laid her gently on top of the other toys. The boys watched, open-mouthed, as their baby sister placed her favourite doll in the box.
　　Recognising what little Meghan’s gesture meant, I removed my old jacket from the box of clothes. I replaced it with the new jacket that I had found on sale last week. I hoped the young woman in the picture would love it as much as I did. The boys had also been inspired by our behaviour and carried their beloved things. We all wished the family could pass the difficult period as soon as possible and that they would love the things we gave them with all our heart.

PAGE
25Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking (1)
阅读理解。
A
Helping and supporting others may be key to living a longer and healthier life, according to new research from the University of Basel in Switzerland. The findings published in the journal Evolution and Human Behaviour, show that grandparents who care for their grandchildren enjoy longer lifespans. So do old people who care for others within their social networks.
Using data from the Berlin Aging Study, the researchers analysed the longevity(寿命) and caregiving habits of more than 500 old people between the ages of 70 and 103. The study compared grandparents who acted as occasional caregivers with those who did not. It also compared these grandparents with old adults who did not have grandchildren but cared for people within their social networks.
Those grandparents who did not play the role of attending to grandchildren were more likely to have died within just five years of the testing period. While those old adults who provided support to their family lived for an extra seven years on average and those provided support to their social networks lived for an extra four years on average.
Although the new study only focused on old adults, it’s safe to assume that the health benefits of helping and taking care of others also reach those of all ages. However, it’s important to note that too much caregiving often has just the opposite effect. There’s a clear link between too much caregiving and a number of negative physical and mental health consequences.
1. How many groups of old people are involved in the study 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A. Two. B. Three.
C. Four. D. Five.
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句可知有三组老年人参与了这项研究。故选B。
答案:B
2. What does the research show
A. Old people are more likely to support others.
B. Grandparents live longer than childless old adults.
C. Supporting others prevents diseases of old patients.
D. Helping others properly has a good effect on health.
解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段首句“Although the new study only focused on old adults, it’s safe to assume that the health benefits of helping and taking care of others also reach those of all ages.”可推知,正确地帮助别人对健康有很好的影响。故选D。
答案:D
3. What does the last paragraph imply
A. Reducing caregiving can avoid bad health.
B. It’s a good quality of all ages to be helpful.
C. Caregiving is not always beneficial to health.
D. Mental disorder is often caused by much caregiving.
解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However, it’s important to note that too much caregiving often has just the opposite effect. There’s a clear link between too much caregiving and a number of negative physical and mental health consequences.”可推知,照料别人并不总是有益于健康。故选C。
答案:C
B
Anyone who has ever volunteered for any cause can tell you that in the end, they felt that they gained more from the experience than they gave. This is true for most examples of reaching out to help others. We find that we gain new understanding about not only those we help, but ourselves as well. Stressing the importance of helping others in martial arts, students will benefit themselves both inside and outside of the class.
Helping others strengthens families. Families that practise the belief of working together and helping each other prepare their children for the concept of teamwork outside of the home environment. By learning to help around the house through activities such as household jobs, baby-sitting and keeping a tidy bedroom, children learn valuable lessons that they carry with them to their future relationships.
By helping others outside of the home environment, valuable friendships can be developed. When we learn to reach out to others and give off our time and talents we find that our friendships grow, which in turn is a benefit to our lives. Martial arts training supports this by exposing students to people of various backgrounds and beliefs that gather for a common goal and to help each other. Any time a group of people are working towards a common goal, team spirit surely forms. When we help each other in the martial arts setting and in every area of our lives, a friendship is formed that promotes teamwork.
The most important thing to realise is that it does not take a lot to make a lot happen. Little things can make a big difference in the area of helping others. Simple gestures of kindness and support given frequently can build a strong base for the growth and development of each individual which leads to the success of all.
4. Any volunteer will benefit from the experience because 　　　　.
A. they will be admitted to a martial arts class for free
B. they can also have a better understanding of themselves
C. they can understand the importance of martial arts better
D. they will be paid back by those who are helped sooner or later
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中的“We find that we gain new understanding about not only those we help, but ourselves as well.”可知,任何志愿者都可以在这个活动中受益,因为他们可以更好地了解自己。故选B。
答案:B
5. According to the author, martial arts training is valuable in that it 　　　　.
A. promotes students’ team spirit
B. develops students’ talents
C. benefits students’ lives
D. exposes students’ backgrounds
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Martial arts training ... to help each other. Any time a group of people are working towards a common goal, team spirit surely forms.”可知,作者认为武术训练是有价值的,因为它可以提升孩子们的团队精神。故选A。
答案:A
6. Which of the following proverbs can be used to summarise the last paragraph
A. Many drops make a shower.
B. Strike the iron(铁) while it is hot.
C. Actions speak louder than words.
D. Two heads are better than one.
解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句“The most important thing to realise is that it does not take a lot to make a lot happen. Little things can make a big difference in the area of helping others.”可知,在帮助别人的时候, 一些小的事情可以产生很大的影响。“Many drops make a shower.”意为“涓涓清泉汇成流,滴滴水珠聚成雨”。故选A。
答案:A
C
Have you ever considered volunteering It gives you a chance to make contributions. You’ll feel a sense of pride that you are volunteering your time, and a local organisation will benefit, too. But how to volunteer Follow the three steps before you enjoy it.
Pick an organisation. 7.　　　　 You’re likely to be happier and volunteer longer at an organisation that supports a cause you care about. For example, if you’re interested in animal welfare, maybe you want to volunteer at an animal shelter. Much like job search sites, you can also use volunteer websites like Volunteer Match to help you find volunteer opportunities in your area. If you still can’t narrow down where you want to volunteer, start asking people you know where they volunteer. 8.　　　　
Be clear what you can offer. First identify your skills. For example, maybe you could write brochures for local nonprofits if writing is your style. 9.　　　　 You need to be sure how much time you can give to an organisation based on your other commitments. If you try to do too much, you’re more likely to give up.
10.　　　　 Treat the application like a job. Spend some time preparing for the interview, much as you would for a job interview. 11.　　　　 Ask what’s expected of volunteers. For instance, volunteers at a museum may be expected to learn parts of the galleries to give tours. Start volunteering slowly. That is, it’s better to commit to just a little bit of time at first to see if you like volunteering at the organisation.
A. Apply and get started.
B. Volunteer in person or online.
C. Then don’t forget to review your weekly schedule.
D. You’d better focus on the causes you like very much.
E. You may find one of them has the perfect opportunity for you.
F. It is also a time for you to judge whether the organisation is fit for you.
G. First find an organisation that’s a good fit for you, and then decide what you have to offer.
7. 解析:根据下文“You’re likely to be happier and volunteer longer at an organisation that supports a cause you care about.”可知,空处表示“你最好关注一下你非常喜欢的事业”。故选D。
答案:D
8. 解析:根据上文“If you still can’t narrow down where you want to volunteer, start asking people you know where they volunteer.”可知,空处表示“你可能会发现其中一个对你来说绝好的机会”。故选E。
答案:E
9. 解析:根据下文“You need to be sure how much time you can give to an organisation based on your other commitments.”可知,空处表示“然后不要忘记回顾你的每周计划”。故选C。
答案:C
10. 解析:根据下文“Treat the application like a job.”可知,本段中心句是“申请并开始行动”。故选A。
答案:A
11. 解析:根据上文“Spend some time preparing for the interview, much as you would for a job interview.”可知,空处表示“它也是一个你评估这个组织是否适合你的时候”。F项中的it是指上文的做准备。故选F。
答案:F
Reading and Thinking (2)
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空。
1. A child usually goes to 　　　　(second) school at about age of twelve.
2. There was a chorus 　　　　agreement from the committee.
3. There are many creams available from the 　　　　(chemical) which should clear the infection.
4. An economic boom followed, especially in 　　　　(house) and construction.
5. I’m 　　　　(die) to get over my shyness.
6. I have been 　　　　(privilege) to work with the pioneers of silicon technology.
7. There can be little doubt 　　　　he will make the mistake again.
8. She doubted 　　　　the accident could be avoided.
9. I’m waiting for the apples to 　　　　(ripe).
10. The book looked faded, 　　　　(dust) and unused.
答案:1. secondary　2. of　3. chemist　4. Housing 5. Dying
6. privileged　7. that　8. whether/if 9. ripen　10. dusty
Ⅱ. 用方框中所给短语的正确形式填空。
adapt oneself to, not to mention, be dying for,
up to, be made of, be relevant to, stick out,
make a difference, participate in, dry up
1. He has two big houses in this country, 　　　　　　　　his villa in France.
2. The taps appeared to 　　　　　　　　solid gold.
3. The good thing about children is that they 　　　　　　　　new environment very easily.
4. I 　　　　　　　　a cup of green tea after the exhausting work.
5. I can take 　　　　　　　　four people in my car.
6. How can they 　　　　　　　　and work for a tobacco-free world
7. The photo showed Edward with very short hair and his ears 　　　　　　　　.
8. I will have to 　　　　　　　　a sporting activity that day.
9. Over the centuries of drought, the water 　　　　　　　　.
10. Topics for conversation should 　　　　　　　　the experience and interests of the students.
答案:1. not to mention　2. be made of
3. adapt themselves to　4. am dying for
5. up to　6. make a difference　7. sticking out
8. participate in　9. dried up　10. be relevant to
Ⅲ. 语法填空。
Jo was an Australian 1. 　　　　(voluntary) teacher who was 2. 　　　　(die) to help the children in Papua New Guinea. The high school 3. she worked was a bush school, whose classrooms were made of bamboo and grass. The other day when Jo was showing the boys a 4. (chemist) experiment, the mixture was bubbling before she knew it. The boys who had never come 5. 　　　　anything like that before were so frightened that they started jumping out of the windows. Sometimes Jo wondered if chemistry was relevant 6. 　　　　the kids and doubted whether she’s making any 7. 　　　　(different) to the boys’ lives.
Last weekend Jo and another teacher visited a remote village which was the home of one of the boys, Tombe. When they arrived, Tombe’s father led them to his house, a low bamboo hut with grass 8. 　　　　(stick) out of the roof. Without windows, the hut was so dark inside that it took time for their eyes 9. 　　　　(adjust). After dinner, Jo listened to the family talking softly to each other though she couldn’t participate much in their conversation. She thought it was a 10. 　　　　(privileged) to have spent a day with Tombe’s family.
答案:1. volunteer　2. dying　3. where
4. chemistry　5. across　6. to　7. difference
8. sticking　9. to adjust　10. privilege
[提升测评]
Ⅳ. 阅读理解。
There is no doubt that teens today are extremely busy. Homework piles up and extra-curricular(课外的) activities are time-consuming. Often, teens have to take part in a sport or activity after school, and they are up until 10:00 or later doing homework. Getting teenagers involved in volunteer opportunities can give them a sense of accomplishment that is not connected with sports or school.
Teenagers are often in their own little world. Helping them get involved in volunteer opportunities is the perfect way for them to open up that world and give their time to a good cause.
The key to getting teens involved in volunteer work is to find an opportunity that will fit into their schedule and find something that interests them. Also, keep it close to home. If they have to travel a long distance to volunteer, it’s less likely to be accomplished.
My son has helped with the local library’s reading programme for two summers. It is close to home and the schedule is very elastic. We go in and choose days that work with his schedule and he volunteers for about 2 hours at a time. He is responsible for helping kids get signed up for the summer reading programme and helping them record the hours they read. It is only a one-week time commitment, but it is very rewarding.
When teens do volunteer work, they often see that there are others more needy than themselves. They also learn time management. Your teen will become a more rounded, less self-centred individual.
Colleges see thousands of students applying for admission every year. If your teen has shown the devotion to volunteer in the community, it can give him or her the advantage for college admission or scholarship opportunities. So, volunteering is good for their present and their future!
1. What is the text mainly about
A. The heavy loads faced by teens toady.
B. The benefits of volunteering for teens.
C. The author’s son’s volunteer experience.
D. The requirements of volunteering.
解析:主旨大意题。根据文章第一段最后一句和第二段最后一句可知,让年轻人做志愿工作可以让他们获得学习之外的成就感,并开阔他们的眼界;再根据最后一段最后两句可知,志愿工作可以让年轻人获得更多进入大学的机会,对孩子的现在和未来都有很大的好处。故选B。
答案:B
2. The author of the text probably 　　　　.
A. never thought his son would volunteer
B. tries to limit his son’s volunteer time
C. supports his son in volunteering
D. is concerned about his son’s learning
解析:推理判断题。根据第四段中“We go in and choose days that work with his schedule ...”可知,作者陪同儿子去图书馆选择适合他的课程安排的日期。由此可知,作者是支持自己的儿子去参加志愿工作的。故选C。
答案:C
3. The underlined word “elastic” in the fourth paragraph can be best replaced by “　　　　”. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A. independent B. tight
C. precious D. flexible
解析:词义猜测题。根据画线词的后一句“We go in and choose days that work with his schedule and he volunteers for about 2 hours at a time.”可知,作者和儿子根据自己的时间安排选择去参加志愿工作的时间,这说明这项志愿工作的时间是比较灵活的。故选D。
答案:D
Ⅴ. 完形填空。
Mother’s action sometimes really touched me. Many years ago I joined her in 　1　 some money to build small houses for six poor families. After their houses were completed, with 　2 　in their hearts, we were invited for their house-warming ceremonies. We felt satisfied after seeing them with 　3　 over their heads. This was the time when I was still 　4　.
Several years later, my parents passed away and I also left my work because of age. In order to 　5　 the change of my life, I took a meditation(冥想) trip to Thailand. Every year plenty of 　6　 meditators go to the meditation centres there and are given separate living areas, where two people 　7　 a single room with a bath and toilet, 　8　 the local meditators stay together in a large hall.
That year, the meditation centre was completely full. 　9　, many meditators had to share the cottages nearby. But, to my surprise, I was allowed to have a cottage only for myself. How 　10　!
In the night when I was in bed, I began to think about why I had been treated 　11　. In a flash, I remembered the happy faces of the people to whom my mother and I had gifted homes, which included 　12　 six pieces of my mother’s land from her parents. To me this was a tiny village.
That 　13　 struck me so much that I realised the effects of kind acts ripen in this life itself. I am grateful to my mother and her ancestors and theirs, etc. for their life style. I am sure it will 　14　 from our generation. 　
　　When you give, give with a pure heart—don’t expect anything in return 　15　 the possibility that someone may repay your kindness one day.
1. A. lending B. raising
C. spending D. donating
解析:lend借出;raise养育;spend花费;donate捐赠。根据后文为了六个贫困的家庭建房子可知是捐赠的善心活动。故选D。
答案:D
2. A. kindness B. faith
C. appreciation D. satisfaction
解析:kindness 善心;faith信仰;appreciation感激;satisfaction满意。根据语境可知,贫困家庭的人是感激的。故选C。
答案:C
3. A. roofs B. stairs
C. curtains D. lights
解析:roof 屋顶;stair 楼梯;curtain窗帘;light灯。根据语境可知,看到他们有房子住作者他们很满足,此处应该是“头上有房顶”。故选A。
答案:A
4. A. optimistic B. employed
C. ambitious D. confused
解析:optimistic乐观的;employed 被雇用的;ambitious 有野心的;confused混乱的。根据语境可知,那时候作者还在工作。下一段中的“... my parents passed away and I also left my work”也是提示。故选B。
答案:B
5. A. stick to B. adjust to
C. turn to D. contribute to
解析:stick to坚持;adjust to适应;turn to求助于;contribute to贡献。根据句意可知,此处表示为了适应生活的变故。故选B。
答案:B
6. A. foreign B. new
C. regular D. famous
解析:foreign外国的;new新的;regular有规律的;famous著名的。根据句意可知,每年都有大量的外国沉思者去那里的冥想中心,并有单独的生活区。故选A。
答案:A
7. A. rent B. book
C. share D. buy
解析:rent租赁;book预订;share分享;buy买。根据句意可知应该是两个人共用一个房间。故选C。
答案:C
8. A. unless B. while
C. once D. for
解析:unless除非;while 然而;once一旦;for因为。根据语境可知,和外国人相比,当地的沉思者一起住在一个大厅里。故选B。
答案:B
9. A. Therefore B. However
C. Instead D. Anyhow
解析:therefore 因此;however然而;instead而不是;anyhow无论如何。根据前文可知,冥想中心完全住满了,因此很多的人不得不共享附近的小屋。故选A。
答案:A
10. A. funny B. guilty
C. fortunate D. disappointed
解析:funny 滑稽的;guilty有罪的;fortunate 幸运的;disappointed失望的。结合语境可知,能有一个独立空间应该是多么的幸运。故选C。
答案:C
11. A. unfairly B. rudely
C. differently D. equally
解析:unfairly不公平地;rudely粗鲁地;differently不同地;equally公平地。联系上下文可知,作者开始思考为什么她会有不同的待遇。故选C。
答案:C
12. A. taking back B. giving back
C. taking away D. giving away
解析:take back 拿回来;give back 还给;take away拿走;give away散发,分发。根据句意可知,那些送出去的家包括六块来自作者的祖母的土地。故选D。
答案:D
13. A. experience B. knowledge
C. relationship D. education
解析:experience经历;knowledge知识;relationship关系;education教育。结合上文可知,这次经历让她感触很深。故选A。
答案:A
14. A. break off
B. hold up
C. turn over
D. go down
解析:break off打断;hold up 举起;turn over 翻转;go down 延续。根据句意可知,他们的生活方式会从“我们”这一代延续下去。故选D。
答案:D
15. A. in terms of B. in spite of
C. in view of D. in case of
解析:in terms of 就……而言;in spite of尽管;in view of鉴于;in case of如果,万一。根据句意可知,我们应用一颗单纯的心,不图回报,尽管有一天有人可能会报答你的好意。故选B。
答案:B
PAGE
15(共18张PPT)
Section Ⅳ　Reading for Writing
写一篇提供帮助的演讲稿

1. 通过阅读范文,总结归纳英语演讲稿的框架结构和常用的词汇及句式。
2. 根据情境需要,运用所掌握的关于志愿者服务方面的词汇、句式和语篇知识写一篇提供帮助的演讲稿。
下面是一篇关于“青春”主题的演讲稿,仔细阅读,试着总结一下此类文章的结构并欣赏其语言特点。
答案:开头:提问　中间:举例法　结尾:主题
回顾本单元及以前学过的关于英语演讲的文章,总结一下此类文章的常用表达。
1. 词汇
个人观点表述:
过渡衔接:
总结:
2. 句型
开始语:
结束语:
答案:
1. 词汇
个人观点表述:
but for me, you see, in my opinion, as far as I am concerned, to be honest, be supportive of, be worth doing
过渡衔接:
not only ... but also ...; likewise; similarly; in a similar way; however; on the contrary; on the one hand ... on the other hand ...; for one thing ... for another ...; moreover; in addition; in other words; first ...(the first step), second ...(the second step), last ...(the last step); for that reason; for instance; as an example
总结:
consequently, as a result, in short, in conclusion, in summary, therefore
2. 句型
开始语:
What I’m talking about today is ...
It’s my honour to stand here and say something about ...
It’s a great honour for me to stand here and give my speech.
结束语:
In conclusion/In a word, what we should do is to ...
I hope that more and more people will ...
I want to relay to you that ...
你校正在举办英语周活动,你准备参加以“Sharing”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你结合一个事例,写一篇演讲稿,谈谈Sharing的作用。演讲稿应包含下列要点:
有关Sharing的一个事例:时间、人物、过程、影响等;
2. 你的感悟。
注意:
词数80左右;
演讲稿的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Good morning, everyone!
It’s a great honour to be here and share something with you.




Thanks for your attention!
答案:
Good morning, everyone!
　　It’s a great honour to be here and share something with you.I still remember how depressed I was after the midterm examination in Senior One, when I had hoped to be the best. At that time, my best friend came up and asked me to go to the playground. “You’re always the best in my heart,” she comforted me. “There is always a road ahead.” Strangely, my heart was
filled with warmth I had never sensed before. I felt much better.
　　Sharing is part of beauty. Sharing can broaden our horizons. As for me, by doing this, I live a happier and more confident life.
　　Thanks for your attention!
写完之后,同伴之间或者小组成员之间互换批改,找出习作中的不足或错误,然后再结合别人的反馈进行修改完善。批改的时候可以参考下表。

项目 角度 具体评价(结合习作
写出具体内容)
文章结构 是否结构清晰,思路流畅,符合英语演讲稿的常用结构
主题词汇 是否充分有效运用了【素材积累】中的主题词汇(在右栏写出所用到的词汇)
主题句型 是否充分有效运用了【素材积累】中的主题句型(在右栏写出所用到的句型)
知识错误 单词拼写、语法错误等
其他不足
整体评价 ☆☆☆☆☆
请根据下列提示以“Helping Others Can Help Yourself”为题写一篇参加志愿者活动给我们带来益处的英语演讲稿。演讲稿应包含下列要点:
获得生活经验和技能;
2. 结交有趣的朋友;
3. 回报社会,消除理解障碍;
4. 你自己的看法。
注意:80词左右。开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Helping Others Can Help Yourself
　　Volunteering has a meaningful, positive effect on your community. But did you know that it can have many benefits to you, too





Therefore, volunteering is of great benefit not only to others but also to ourselves.
答案:
　　Helping Others Can Help Yourself
　　Volunteering has a meaningful, positive effect on your community. But did you know that it can have many benefits to you, too
　　To begin with, volunteering enables you to gain some valuable life experience as well as work skills. In the meantime, by volunteering, you can make friends with people from all walks of life. In addition, volunteering provides you with a good opportunity to give back to society
and break down barriers of understanding.
As far as I’m concerned, volunteering is a good way for us to build self-esteem and self-confidence, too. Also, when offering others help, we ourselves will have a sense of satisfaction.
Therefore, volunteering is of great benefit not only to others but also to ourselves. Section Ⅴ　Assessing Your Progress & Video Time
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 根据句意及汉语提示写出正确单词。
1. You can’t look directly into it; you’ve got to 　　　　(给……遮挡光线) your eyes or close them altogether.
2. Being punctual is a 　　　　(契约) that is silently agreed.
3. I was 　　　　(同意;准许) permission to visit the palace.
4. Do you know anyone with a mental or physical 　　　　(缺陷)
5. In ancient times the Chinese used to 　　　　(转发) messages along the Great Wall by lighting fires.
6. To qualify for a grant, students must satisfy certain 　　　　(标准).
7. You can 　　　　(拖;拽) and drop the document like this.
8. The time is 　　　　(时机成熟的) for a reform.
9. Grandfather has many 　　　　(皱纹) on his face.
10. Their methods of education are very 　　　　(死板的).
答案:1. shade　2. contract　3. Granted 4. disability　5. relay　
6. criteria　7. drag　8. Ripe 9. wrinkles　10. rigid
Ⅱ. 用方框中所给短语的正确形式填空。
take for granted, participate in, be supportive of, relay ... to ..., sing a different tune, pray that, adapt to, be dying to, not to mention, make a difference
1. Light is actually a very basic need that we often 　　　　　　　　.
2. Will you 　　　　a message 　　　　him when you see him
3. He 　　　　　　　　his sight might be restored.
4. I 　　　　　　　　get your support.
5. More people should 　　　　　　　　elections.
6. I believe that I can 　　　　　　　　in this world.
7. We can’t afford a car, 　　　　　　　　the fact that we have no garage.
8. Tom always said he didn’t want any children, but he 　　　　　since his wife gave birth to a son.
9. The children found it hard to 　　　　　　　　the new school.
10. Her mother 　　　　　　　　her idea to move on.
答案:1. take for granted 　2. relay　to 3. prayed that　4. am dying to　5. participate in 6. make a difference　7. not to mention
8. has sung a different tune　9. adapt to 10. is supportive of
Ⅲ. 句式仿写。
1. To be honest, I doubt whether I’m making any difference to these boys’ lives at all.
句式:I doubt whether ... 我怀疑是否……
仿写:我怀疑他是否有诚意。

2. Science is my most challenging subject as my students have no concept of doing experiments.
句式:have no concept of ... 对……没有概念
仿写:许多大学生花钱如流水,在他们心中没有节约(thrift)的概念。

3. It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe’s family.
句式:It is/was such a privilege to have done ... 很荣幸……
仿写:很荣幸参加了这次极好的活动。

4. Today, I want to relay to you that I’m proud of the work my mother has done.
句式:I want to relay to you that ... 我想要告诉你(们)的是……
仿写:我想要告诉你的是我很高兴成为你的朋友。

5. Another teacher and I walked for two and a half hours to get there—first, up a mountain from where we had fantastic views.
句式:from where 引导定语从句
仿写:他躲在床下面,在那儿他可以听到他们谈话。

答案:1. I doubt whether he is in good faith.
2. Many college students spend money like water and have no concept of thrift in their mind.
3. It was such a privilege to have attended this fantastic event.
4. I want to relay to you that I am glad to be your friend.
5. He hid himself under the bed, from where he could hear what they were talking.
Ⅳ. 微写作。
利用本单元所学词汇、句型翻译句子并连句成篇。
1. 李华参加了学校志愿者活动。
2. 作为志愿者,利用休闲时间帮助新生适应学校生活。
3. 他不怀疑自己的行为会给这些学生带来影响。
4. 他认为能帮助别人是一种荣幸。


答案:
Li Hua participated in the school volunteer activities. As a volunteer, he spent his leisure time helping freshmen adapt to the school life. He didn’t doubt that his action would make a difference to those students. As far as he was concerned, it was such a privilege to have helped others.
[提升测评]
Ⅴ. 阅读理解。
A
Volunteer Day
What better way is there to enjoy your own hobbies while helping others at the same time Come to Volunteer Day and choose an activity you’d like to join for the day. See below for a schedule of events on Volunteer Day.
Volunteer Day Schedule:
■7:30 a.m.: Meet at the Community Centre for juice and bagels.
■8:00-8:30 a.m.: Choose which activity you’d like to help with for the day.
■8:30 a.m.: Board the bus to your activity site.
■9:00 a.m.-3:30 p.m.: Work as a volunteer.
■3:30 p.m.: Board the bus that will take you back to the Community Centre.
See below for a list of volunteer opportunities for Volunteer Day so you can begin thinking about which activity you might want to join.
A list of volunteer activities:
　　Paint houses: Happy Homes is a local organisation that provides home painting. For elderly or physically disabled people who cannot do repairs to their homes, Happy Homes provides volunteer painters to repaint old houses.
Plant flowers: Help plant flowers and bushes in city parks, help lay paths at Cave Springs Park, or help pick up rubbish around the river banks.
Read to children: Love and Learning is an organisation that provides volunteers to help children with learning disabilities. Read books out loud to groups of children four to six years old, or read one-on-one with struggling readers seven to eight years old.
Play with animals: Lovely Friends is an organisation that visits local animal shelters and provides volunteers to spend time with the animals while their cages are being cleaned.
1. At what time do volunteers leave for their activity sites 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A. 7:30 a.m. B. 8:00 a.m.
C. 8:30 a.m. D. 9:00 a.m.
解析:细节理解题。根据Volunteer Day Schedule部分中“8:30 a.m.: Board the bus to your activity site.”可知志愿者早上8:30出发去活动地点。故选C。
答案:C
2. An outdoor lover probably takes part in 　　　　.
A. plant flowers B. paint houses
C. read to children D. play with animals
解析:细节理解题。根据A list of volunteer activities部分中“Plant flowers: Help plant flowers and bushes in city parks, help lay paths at Cave Springs Park, or help pick up rubbish around the river banks.”可知,一个户外爱好者可能会参加Plant flowers活动。故选A。
答案:A
3. What do Lovely Friends volunteers do
A. Read books to children.
B. Spend time with animals.
C. Help plant bushes in parks.
D. Pick up garbage along the river.
解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段“Lovely Friends is an organisation that visits local animal shelters and provides volunteers to spend time with the animals while their cages are being cleaned.”可知,Lovely Friends的志愿者花时间与动物在一起。故选B。
答案:B
4. The purpose of the passage is to 　　　　.
A. educate children
B. attract volunteers
C. comfort the elderly
D. encourage the disabled
解析:主旨大意题。根据第一段中“What better way is there to enjoy your own hobbies while helping others at the same time Come to Volunteer Day and choose an activity you’d like to join for the day.”可知,这篇文章的目的是吸引志愿者。故选B。
答案:B
B
Albert Einstein said, “Only a life lived for others is worth living.”
How does this job offer sound You’ll need to be available on short notice, including late at night and on weekends. You could be asked to do anything from helping at community events to responding to life-threatening emergencies (sometimes putting your own safety at risk). This job also involves a lot of regular training. Oh, and you won’t be paid for any of this. Would you take the job
This job might not necessarily appeal to everyone, but if this sounds like an opportunity you’d eagerly accept, then you’d fit right in with Western Australia’s 26,000 emergency service volunteers. The emergency services aren’t the only industry benefiting from volunteers. Across both Australia and America, between a quarter and half of the population volunteer each year in areas including education, sports, health, religion, and social services.
What motivates people to volunteer Yes, volunteers don’t get paid. But it doesn’t mean people don’t get benefits from volunteering. Indeed, research shows there are significant mental health benefits coming with volunteering. It can be a means of making new friends, building new skills or trying things out of your comfort zone. It can also be a means of helping loved ones. A case is someone close to me who recently lost her husband to a disease. When her husband was admitted to a nursing facility, she decided to volunteer for the Patient Advocacy Committee. She found great support and felt she could make a difference in the lives of the patients. After her husband’s passing, she decided to continue volunteering for the committee not only as a way to show gratitude for the great care her husband received but also because she made friends there. She found a way to put her career skills to use for the common good and keep active after retirement.
There are countless ways to volunteer. No matter how you do it, it is definitely worth every minute you put into it.
5. If we are committed to “this job” described in paragraph 2, we are 　　　　.
A. always in danger of losing our lives
B. on call 24 hours a day, 7 days a week
C. busy providing first-aid training in communities
D. going to work on weekends and rest on weekdays
解析:推理判断题。根据第二段中“You’ll need to be available on short notice, including late at night and on weekends.”可知,如果我们致力于第二段所述的“这项工作”,我们每周7天、每天24小时要随叫随到。故选B。
答案:B
6. We can come to the conclusion that volunteering 　　　　.
A. is a win-win situation
B. benefits both the body and the mind
C. spreads quickly among people
D. is hard to stick to without rewards
解析:推理判断题。根据第四段中“But it doesn’t mean people don’t get benefits from volunteering. Indeed, research shows ... making new friends, building new skills or trying things out of your comfort zone. It can also be a means to help loved ones.”可知,做志愿者既可以帮助别人,又可以学到新的技能等,由此推知,这是一种双赢的局面。故选A。
答案:A
7. The author’s friend kept volunteering after her husband’s death 　　　　.
A. for her interest to learn career skills
B. to stay helpful and related to people
C. as a means of getting over her great loss
D. because it was her husband’s last will
解析:细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“After her husband’s passing, she decided to continue volunteering for the committee not only as a way to show gratitude for the great care her husband received but also because she made friends there.”可知,作者的朋友在她丈夫死后继续做志愿者,以对她丈夫得到的悉心照顾表达感激并结交朋友。故选B。
答案:B
8. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage
A. To encourage volunteering.
B. To advertise a job opportunity.
C. To express gratitude to volunteers.
D. To give advice on volunteering.
解析:主旨大意题。根据最后一段“There are countless ways to volunteer. No matter how you do it, it is definitely worth every minute you put into it.”可知,这篇文章的目的是鼓励人们做志愿者。故选A。
答案:A
C
Some people feel they don’t have time to volunteer, seeing it as an activity that only benefits others. 9.　　　　 This is how volunteering can change your own life.
★When you volunteer, you are making a direct influence on the people affected by volunteering, but the impact goes far beyond the fact that you are helping people. When you volunteer, you provide connection for others and yourself. 10.　　　
★Volunteering helps learn new skills to improve your career outlook. It might be discovering how to use one programme well. 11.　Whatever volunteer experience you gain, there will be many chances to learn new practical, social and communicational skills. They will help you grow as a human being.
★12.　　　　 Volunteering provides you with a chance to get to know like-minded people. If you have a volunteer job that you both care deeply about, it’s likely that you will meet those who have a lot in common as well. Whatever your passions and interests are, you can likely find a volunteer organisation where you’ll be able to find your friends.
With these positive reasons to volunteer, it’s almost a form of self-care.13.　　　　 Find an organisation involved in something you are crazy about and sign up as a volunteer. You never know just how much it will benefit you in the long term.
　　A. So what are you waiting for
　　B. However, it can have a huge influence on yourself as well.
　　C. When you volunteer, you easily make friends with other volunteers.
　　D. Good connection with others is the most necessary thing all people need.
　　E. Studies show lasting happiness and lower sadness rates among volunteers.
　　F. Is it great to help those less fortunate while seeing the world at the same time
　　G. It can also be a chance to practise your second language skills with native speakers.
9.解析:根据空前的“Some people feel they don’t have time to volunteer, seeing it as an activity that only benefits others.”和空后的“This is how volunteering can change your own life.”可见,空处的句子承上启下,并开始发生转折。故选B。
答案:B
10. 解析:结合空前的“When you volunteer, you provide connection for others and yourself.”可知,句中的connection同D选项中的connection相呼应,D选项也是对上一句的补充说明。故选D。
答案:D
11. 解析:本段中心句为“Volunteering helps learn new skills to improve your career outlook.”,因此本段内容都是围绕做志愿者工作可以学习新技能展开的。G选项符合本段的中心思想。故选G。
答案:G
12. 解析:本段主要介绍了在做志愿者期间很容易找到有共同兴趣的人做朋友,因此可以总结为做志愿者工作很容易同其他志愿者成为朋友。故选C。
答案:C
13. 解析:根据空前的“With these positive reasons to volunteer, it’s almost a form of self-care.”和空后的“Find an organisation involved in something you are crazy about and sign up as a volunteer.”可知,空处的句子起到承上启下的作用。故选A。
答案:A
Ⅵ. 完形填空。
One Tuesday afternoon I went home, tired. I had much homework to do that night. Then a 　1　 voice broke in, “Hey, Katie, don’t forget about our SPAC performance tonight at the 　2　. See you at seven!”
It was Adam, the president of Students in the Performing Arts for the Community. We 　3　 SPAC to serve the community by performing at hospitals. At that moment, 　4　, I considered the performance as a trouble.
I 　5　 the hospital with my guitar in one hand and my workbook in the other, hoping to do a little 　6　. I entered the hall and saw a thin, pale girl of about 13 among a group of old people in wheelchairs. I wondered why someone so 　7　 was stuck in this place.
Towards the end of the 　8　, my friend Sarah asked if anyone had any requests. The girl raised her arm and asked if she could sing My Heart Will Go On. Sarah happily invited her to 　9　 the microphone and the girl hobbled(蹒跚) through the wheelchairs.
When she and Sarah began to 　10　, I noticed the girl’s eyes shining. At that moment, I forgot my 　11　 and remembered the true meaning of SPAC: improving the quality of life for others.
After the performance we talked with the girl and discovered she wanted to be a singer. She told us that we had helped her remember her 　12　. Then, she asked if we could all get together for a picture 　13　 she could remember this night and never give up her dream.
I 　14　 longer than I’d planned. I was amazed by what one hour of my time could 　15　—helping someone find confidence.
1. A. lucky B. happy
C. worried D. nervous
解析:对于积极组织义演的亚当来说,义演是一件非常有意义的事情,因此他的声音应该是快乐的。故选B。
答案:B
2. A. neighbourhood B. cinema
C. school D. hospital
解析:根据第二段中的“to serve the community by performing at hospitals”可知,他们是到医院义演。故选D。
答案:D
3. A. started B. liked
C. advertised D. left
解析:联系空后的“SPAC to serve the community by performing at hospitals”可知,这里介绍的是他们成立SPAC的目的,故选started,意为“成立,创建”。故选A。
答案:A
4. A. thus B. therefore
C. however D. otherwise
解析:尽管他们去义演是一件有意义的事情,但是这次演出对于作者来说却是一个负担,因为她还有很多作业要做。前后为转折关系。故选C。
答案:C
5. A. picked out B. arrived at
C. returned to D. looked for
解析:根据文意可知,作者一手拿着吉他,一手拿着作业本到达了医院,希望能有机会学习一会儿。pick out挑选出,认出,return to 回到,look for寻找,均与文意不符。故选B。
答案:B
6. A. playing B. sleeping
C. training D. studying
解析:作者拿着作业本的目的是想学习一会儿。故选D。
答案:D
7. A. sick B. clever
C. young D. special
解析:联系前文的“pale girl of about 13”可知,一群老人当中有一个小女孩。作者首先疑惑的是这么年轻的一个女孩怎么会在这里。故选C。
答案:C
8. A. minute B. quarter
C. hour D. day
解析:根据文章最后一段中的“what one hour of my time”可知,作者他们到医院义演的时间是一个小时,所以在一个小时快结束的时候,Sarah询问病人们是否还有别的要求。故选C。
答案:C
9. A. share B. offer
C. touch D. save
解析:此处表示Sarah邀请那个女孩和她一起用话筒唱歌。故选A。
答案:A
10. A. discuss B. sing
C. smile D. dance
解析:根据文意可知,当那个女孩和Sarah开始唱歌时,作者发现女孩此刻神采奕奕。故选B。
答案:B
11. A. purpose B. behaviour
C. job D. homework
解析:作者原本打算做会作业,但是此刻完全沉浸在了歌声中,忘记了作业。故选D。
答案:D
12. A. goal B. power
C. condition D. suffering
解析:结合前文的“she wanted to be a singer”可知,女孩还告诉他们,是他们使她想起了自己的目标。故选A。
答案:A
13. A. if B. so
C. though D. because
解析:女孩请求作者他们和她合影,这样她就会记住这个夜晚,决不放弃她的梦想。故选B。
答案:B
14. A. waited B. performed
C. slept D. stayed
解析:表演结束之后他们还和那个女孩交谈了一会儿,故此处指作者在医院待的时间比原计划的要长。故选D。
答案:D
15. A. achieve B. contain
C. prove D. last
解析:作者此处要表达的意思是短短的一个小时却完成了一件重要的事情:帮助别人找到信心。achieve完成,符合文意。故选A。
答案:A
PAGE
19(共57张PPT)
UNIT 4　SHARING
本单元的主题语境是“人与社会”主题下的公益事业与志愿服务。整个单元围绕“做志愿活动”展开,涵盖不同人的志愿经历,以及中国对于其他国家的援助等方面的内容。本单元各板块的活动主题如下:
语篇类型 1. 记叙文:VOLUNTEERING IN THE BUSH。
2. 应用文:CHINA’S AID TO OTHER COUNTRIES; THE WORLD’S MOST USEFUL GIFTS。
3. 其他类型:视频、音频、图片等
语言知识 主题词汇 日常物品:parcel　mail　clay　dust　weed　cotton　uniform　tablet　rubber　tube　fireplace　plug
餐饮餐具:jam　bubble　saucer　kettle　pan　jar　ripe　grill　leftover
居所地点:washroom　hut　housing　platform　doorway
特征描写:secondary　dusty　rigid　shade　jaw　wrinkle　forehead　drag　deserve　stability
医疗与疾病:chemist　disabled　contract　cardiac　disability　consultation
音乐与交际:chorus　a chorus of　tune　handshake　privilege
其他:not to mention　circus　resign　lately　input　grant　take for granted　circuit　relay　relay to　criterion　pray　pray that　hypothetical
语法 复习短语:名词短语(NP)、动词短语(VP)、副词短语 (AdvP)、形容词短语(AdjP)、介词短语(PrepP)
语篇 演讲稿的语篇结构和语言特点
语言知识
语用 提建议:
We might try ...　　　　　　　　　Couldn’t you/we ...
Perhaps we could ... Wouldn’t it be better if ...
If I may suggest an idea, ... My advice would be to ...
It might be a good idea to ...
I’d like to suggest/recommend that ...
May I suggest that ... How does the idea of ... appeal to you
Would you consider ...
文化知识 1. 了解国内外的志愿活动,开阔视野;
2. 理解志愿服务的意义和帮助他人及社会的责任,树立正确的人生观和价值观。
语言技能 1. 能够根据文章内容的难易度和对文章的熟悉程度,调整阅读速度;
2. 能够根据like、such as、for example等词汇识别听力材料中的例子;
3. 能够熟练运用提建议的英语句型;
4. 能够写一篇提供帮助的演讲稿;
5. 能够根据文字介绍及图片预测视频内容
学习策略 通过控制语速更好地理解阅读文本;
2. 通过准确把握重读音更好地理解听力文本
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking (1)
1. 以文中的地点为主线,以表格的形式梳理主人公Jo在巴布亚新几内亚的志愿经历,掌握利用图表等梳理、概括文章信息的学习策略。
2. 能够根据文章内容的难易度和对文章的熟悉程度调整阅读速度。
3. 联系自己或他人的经历,使用本课所学词汇,讲述自己对志愿活动的看法,传递善和爱。
Ⅰ. 在括号里写出黑体单词在句中的含义。
1. It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a dusty(　　　) track covered in weeds.
2. The class became a circus(　　　) as the boys, who had never come across anything like this before, started jumping out of the windows.
3. Her wrinkles(　　　) showed up in the strong sunlight.
4. Fresh grass had been laid on the floor and there was a platform(　　　) for Jenny and me to sleep on.
5. She had no stomach for the leftover(　　　) food.
6. Cost is the important thing—any benefits for the user are a secondary(　　　) consideration.
7. The town police wear dark blue uniforms(　　　) and flat caps.
8. Several colleges in our study have rigid(　　　) rules about student conduct.
9. In the mornings the sky appeared a heavy shade(　　　) of mottled gray.
10. Poor housing(　　　) and family stress can affect both physical and mental health.
11. Your forehead(　　　) is the area at the front of your head.
12. Always choose firm, but ripe(　　　) fruit.
13. He got up and dragged(　　　) his chair towards the table.
14. He found a mountain of mail(　　　) waiting for him.
15. He sends regular food parcels(　　　) to his family in another country.
答案: 1. 布满灰尘的　2. 马戏团　3. 皱纹　4. 平台
5. 吃剩的;残留的　6. 次要的　7. 制服　8. 死板的
9. 阴影部分　10. 住房;住宅　11. 前额　12. 成熟的
13. 拖;拽　14. 邮件;信件　15. 包裹
Ⅱ. 根据汉语提示补全短语。
1. be 　　　　to 极想;渴望
2. a 　　　　of 齐声;异口同声
3. not to 　　　　更不用说;且不说
4. 　　　　to 适应
5. be 　　　　to 与……有关
6. to be 　　　　说实话
7. make a 　　　　to对……产生影响
8. 　　　　in参与
9. upside 　　　　颠倒
10. dry 　　　　(使某物)完全变干
答案: 1. dying　2. chorus　3. mention　4. adapt
5. relevant　6. honest　7. difference　
8. participate 9. down　10. out
Ⅲ. 根据句意及汉语提示写出正确单词。
1. When the 　　　　(包裹) arrived, the book was in perfect condition.
2. Don’t forget to 　　　　(邮寄) this letter to your mother.
3. You shall wear school 　　　　(校服) during your study here.
4. In hot, sunny climate, wide-edged hats provide 　　　　(阴凉处) from the sun.
5. Governments are supposed to provide affordable
　　　　(住房) for local people.
6. It was a 　　　　(特权;荣幸) to perform on the same stage with such a superstar.
7. There were no windows and the 　　　　(出入口) was just big enough to get through.
8. Bruce opened the door, and he had Jackson　　　　(拖;拽) the man out.
9. He 　　　　(皱起) his forehead, confused and worried by the strange event.
10. He holds a 　　　　(固执的) attitude and no one can change his mind.
答案： 1. parcel　2. mail　3. uniforms　4. shade
5. housing　6. privilege　7. doorway　8. drag
9. wrinkled　10. rigid
Ⅳ. 完成句子并背诵。
1. 我一直非常渴望吃一些我最喜欢的糖果。
I’ve 　　　　　　　　　　　some of my favourite sweets.
2. 我还在努力适应这些条件。
I’m still trying to 　　　　　　　　these conditions.
3. 男孩们齐声对我喊道“早上好”。
I’m greeted by　　　　 　　　　　　　　“good morning” from the boys.
4. 我们和所有的村民握手。
We 　　　　　　　　　　　　all the villagers.
5. 加热罐子是为了烤干剩菜。
The can was heated to 　　　　　　　　the leftover food.
　　
答案: 1. been dying to have　2. adapt to
3. a chorus of　4. shook hands with　5. dry out
Ⅴ. 背景知识阅读。
Every year, college students are inspired to help students with their study in underdeveloped areas in China. They have been trying their best to impart knowledge and offering help to those students who are so eager to learn.
This volunteer practice has been beneficial in two aspects. On the one hand, college volunteers are really devoted to the cause. They have opened the eyes of students in underdeveloped regions to the outside world by bringing them new knowledge and thoughts. On the other hand, college
students have received rigorous training by adapting to the harsh living conditions. They are learning how to deal with difficulties and face challenges as well. What’s more, by any means, this volunteer experience will always be a valuable asset in their life.
In my opinion, every Chinese citizen is responsible for the development of education in China. And college students should take the lead in response to the appeal to offer aid to children in poor areas.
Activity 1: 学习理解
Step 1: Look at the title “VOLUNTEERING IN THE BUSH” and the pictures in the text.
Can you guess what the text is about


2. Match the following parts with their main ideas.
Part 1 (para. 1)　　 A. Jo and Jenny visited Tombe’s home in
the village.
Part 2 (paras. 2-3) B. Jo got a parcel from home, which she has been dying to have.
Part 3 (paras. 4-8) C. The school where Jo worked and Jo’s
work at school.
答案: 1. It’s about Jo, an Australian woman, who has worked as a volunteer teacher in Papua New Guinea for 2 years and her visit to a student Tombe’s family.
2. BCA
调整阅读速度
当阅读文章时,调整阅读速度可以理解它的大部分内容。如果材料容易或者我们熟悉,就可以读得快一些;如果材料较难或者包含有用的细节,则需要将语速放慢,以便对材料理解得更透彻。
提高阅读速度的方法如下:
1. 先预览阅读材料。注意主标题、章节分配和其他相关材料,把握阅读材料的结构布局。
2. 在阅读的同时调整阅读速度。对于需要理解领会的部分、较难的部分以及包含有用细节的部分,需要放慢速度;对于已经熟知(或者不需要知道)的内容,则可以快速读过。
Step 2: Read the text and fill in the table below. You can do this with your partner and tell each other your reasons for your answers.

Jo’s
school It’s a(n) 1. 　　　　　 school—the classrooms
are made of 2. 　　　　, with clay floors and roofs of grass.
There’s no 3. 　　　　or running water and they don’t have any textbooks.
Jo’s first
visit to a
village Time to get
there Two and a half hours of walking.
Description
of the house A low bamboo hut with 4. 　　　　sticking out of the roof.
No windows.
Narrow doorway.
5. 　　　
the house A newly made 6. 　　　　for Jenny and me to sleep on.
A(n) 7. 　　　　in the centre of the hut.
One broom, a few saucers, a kettle, cups, pans and
8. 　　　　jars.
Outside
the house Mukap 9. 　　　　stones on the fire, and he placed them in an empty oil drum with kau kau, ripe corn and greens.
He then 10. 　　　　the vegetables
with banana leaves and left them to steam.
答案: 1. bush　2. bamboo　3. electricity　
4. Grass 5. Inside　6. platform　7. fireplace　
8. a couple of 9. laid　10. covered
Step 3: Read the text carefully and answer the questions based on each part.
Part 2 (paras. 2-3)
1. Why does Jo call the secondary school a “bush school”


2. Were the boys friendly to Jo How do you know


3. How long does it take the students to go to school


4. Why was science the most challenging subject for Jo


5. Why did the boys start jumping out of the windows


Part 3 (paras. 4-8)
6. Why should it take Jo and Jenny two and a half hours to get to the village


答案: 1. Because the classrooms are made of bamboo, with clay floors and roofs of grass.
2. Yes. There were a lot of “good mornings” for Jo from the boys.
3. Sometimes for up to 2 hours.
4. Because the students had no concept of doing experiments. In fact there was no equipment, and if she needed water she had to carry it from her house in a basin!
5. Because the boys had never come across anything like the bubbling mixture.
6. Because they had to go up a mountain first and then walk down a shaded path to a valley below.
Activity 2: 应用实践
　　Please describe Tombe’s parents’ actions when Jo and another teacher came to the village.




答案: When they arrived at the village, Tombe’s mother, Kiak, saw them coming and started crying “ieee ieee”. And it was her way to welcome visitors to the village and she drew everyone’s attention to their arrival. Tombe’s father, Mukap, a man with a strong jaw and a winkled forehead, led them to his house. Afterwards, Mukap built a fire outside and started cooking for them.
Activity 3: 迁移创新
Would you like to work as a volunteer in a poor area Give your reasons.




答案:
I think I will be a volunteer in a poor area. Whenever I saw the poor living conditions of the locals in the western areas and mountainous areas, I was eager to do something for them. All men are created equal. But they can’t get what we can enjoy. What a pity! If possible, I will try to help.
Reading and Thinking (2)
1. 通过观察例句,探究归纳以下词汇和句式的含义及用法:be dying to do sth, not to mention, make a/no/some difference to ..., privilege, I doubt/don’t doubt ...,并在语境中灵活运用。
2. 运用所学主题词汇及相关句式对课文内容进行概要写作。
1. be dying to do sth
【观察思考】
... I’ve been dying to have some of my favourite sweets, and it’s always nice to get mail! (教材第38页)
我一直非常渴望吃一些我最喜欢的糖果,而且收到邮包总是令人开心不已!
They were eager to raise more children.
他们渴望养育更多的孩子。
Is that a world you long to see
那是一个你渴望看到的世界吗
【探究总结】
(1)be dying to do sth 　　　　　　　
(2)渴望(做)某事的其他表达:
be eager to do sth/for sth
long to do sth/for sth
be thirsty/hungry/dying for sth
答案: (1)渴望做某事
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
①I’m 　　　　(die) to watch the movie adapted from my favourite novel.
②Many thousands of books have been sent to that school so far,where most of the students are thirsty
　 knowledge.
③The children are 　　　　(long) for the holidays.
答案:①dying　②for　③longing
2. not to mention
【观察思考】
There’s no electricity, running water or even textbooks, not to mention laptops, tablets, or other modern devices! (教材第38页)
这里没有电,也没有自来水,甚至也没有教科书,更不用说笔记本电脑、平板电脑或其他现代化设备了!
I’m not fond of reading, not to mention doing that at night.
我不喜欢阅读,更不用说晚上看书了。
For most people, it’s almost impossible to operate a computer without a mouse, let alone surf the Internet.
对大多数人来说,没有鼠标几乎是无法操作计算机的,更不用说上网了。
I am so tired that I can’t walk any more, much less run.
我太累了,再也走不动了,更不用说跑了。
【探究总结】
(1)not to mention　　　　　
(2)not to mention后面除了接名词或代词外,还可以接　　　　。
(3)“更不用说”的其他表达方式:
　　　　　　=　　　　　　
答案: (1)更不用说;且不说　(2)动词-ing形式
(3)let alone; much less
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
①There aren’t experimental facilities, not to mention
　　　　(do) research.
②The baby can’t even sit up yet, let alone 　　　　(walk).
答案: ①doing　②walk
3. make a/no/some difference to ...
【观察思考】
One more person wouldn’t make any difference to the arrangements.
多一个人对安排不会有影响。
Changing schools made a big difference to my life.
转学对我的一生有着重大影响。
This approach has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life.
这种方法从来没让我失望,我的人生因此变得完全不同。
Before birth, babies can tell the difference between loud sounds and voices.
婴儿在出生前就能分辨大的声响和大的说话声。
【探究总结】
(1)make a/no/some difference to ... 　　　　　
(2)make all the difference 大不相同;关系重大
(3)　　　　 the difference between ... and ... 区别/辨别……和……
答案: (1)对……有/没有/有些影响　(3)tell
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
①Whatever she says will not make any difference 　　　　our arrangements.
②He is one of many examples of young people who are making 　　　　difference in the world.

答案: ①to　②a
4. privilege
【观察思考】
It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe’s family. (教材第39页)
与汤贝一家共度了一日,真是一种荣幸。
Ladies and gentlemen, I have the great privilege of introducing our speaker for tonight.
女士们、先生们,我很荣幸地向大家介绍今晚的发言人。
We consider ourselves privileged to have been invited to give a speech here.
我们对被邀请到这里做演讲深感荣幸。
【探究总结】
(1)privilege n. 　　　　　
①a privilege 　　　　有幸做某事
②have the privilege 　　　　doing sth 有幸做某事
(2)privileged adj. 有特权的;荣幸的;幸运的
be privileged 　　　　做某事是荣幸的

答案: (1)优惠待遇;特权　①to do sth　②of
(2)to do sth
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
①It’s such a privilege 　　　　(be) a part of these kids’ lives, even just for a few hours.
②I once had the privilege 　　　　meeting the late philosopher CLR James.
③The data is 　　　　(privilege) information, not to be shared with the general public.
答案: ①to be　②of　③privileged
5. I doubt/don’t doubt ...
【观察思考】
To be honest, I doubt whether I’m making any difference to these boys’ lives at all. (教材第38页)
说实话,我怀疑我是否能给这些男孩们的生活带来不同。
I don’t doubt that he will succeed.
我相信他会成功。
Do you doubt that he will win the match
你不相信他会赢得比赛吗
There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer.
毫无疑问,地球正在变暖。
【探究总结】
(1)doubt后接宾语从句时,如果主句是肯定句,宾语从句的引导词用　　　　或　　　　。
(2)doubt后接宾语从句时,如果主句是否定句或疑问句,宾语从句的引导词用　　　　。
(3)There is no doubt 　　　　... 毫无疑问……
答案: (1)whether　if　(2)that　(3)that
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
①I doubt 　　　　your procedure would be considered regular by authorities.
②There is no doubt 　　　　everyone should take action to protect the environment.
答案: ①whether/if　②that
课文概要写作
阅读教材第38~39页的第四至七段,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。




答案:
Last weekend, I made the first visit to my student Tombe’s home. After walking for two and a half hours, we arrived at the village and were welcomed by his mother. His father led us to his house which was dark and simple inside. Next, he cooked with the stones heating. After eating, they threw out the leftover food, which might attract bad spirits in the night.Section Ⅱ　Discovering Useful Structures
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空。
1. My question was answered by a chorus 　　　　“no’s”.
2. New words have been added to the vocabulary as the English language is changing 　　　　(constant).
3. The old man cycled along the 　　　　(dust) road.
4. The system wastes 　　　　large amount of water.
5. The makers have called in some cars 　　　　dangerous faults.
6. I saw the car coming straight 　　　　me, and for a moment time stood still.
7. The medical team 　　　　(consist) of 3 doctors and 5 nurses were appointed to help people in the quake-affected areas.
8. Foods 　　　　(preserve) with salt can keep long.
9. The first 　　　　(impress) he left on me was that he was a guy with a sense of humour.
10. The kids were playing happily in the yard, 　　　　(delight) laughter filling the air.
答案:1. of　2. constantly　3. dusty　4. a　5. with
6. towards　7. consisting 　8. preserved
9. impression　10. delighted
Ⅱ. 完成句子。
1. The proposal was greeted with 　　　　　　　　　　　　(异口同声) approval.
2. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(一大笔;大量) capital is invested in all these branches.
3. The painting was hung 　　　　　　　　(上下颠倒).
4. A smile comes very easy and you can 　　　　　　　　(起皱纹) with cheer.
5. The Yellow River sometimes 　　　　　　　　(干涸) in winter.
6. They came 　　　　　　　　(直奔) the little Daisy, who could not understand what they wanted.
7. Are you ready to 　　　　　　　　(参加) the mad shopping holiday called “Black Friday”
8. She jumped 　　　　　　　　　　　　(从火上), only to catch her jeans on fire.
9. She 　　　　us 　　　　(问候) a smile.
10. Do you have anything to 　　　　　　　　(加入) the list
答案:1. a chorus of 　2. A large amount of
3. upside down　4. wrinkle up　5. dries up
6. straight towards 　7. participate in
8. over the fire　9. greeted　with　10. add to
Ⅲ. 用方框中所给短语的正确形式填空。
hand down, take ... for granted, not to mention, keep away from, relay ... to ..., take over,
pick up, come about, put off, hold up
1. The dampness is uncomfortable, 　　　　　　　　the cold.
2. This custom 　　　　　　　　since the 18th century.
3. A new teacher will 　　　　　　　　my class.
4. She 　　　　　　　　some Spanish last summer.
5. We’ll have to 　　　　　　　　the meeting till next Saturday.
6. She 　　　　　　　　her hand unwillingly.
7. Don’t 　　　　your parents’ love 　　　　.
8. He warned Billy to 　　　　　　　　his daughter.
9. Please 　　　　the message 　　　　the others.
10. How did the accident 　　　　　　　　
答案:1. not to mention　2. has been handed down
3. take over　4. picked up　5. put off　6. held up
7. take　for granted　8. keep away from
9. relay　to　e about
[提升测评]
Ⅳ. 语法填空。
Giving is the greatest kindness. Kindness is to the soul 1. 　　　　sunshine is to the crop. Winston Churchill once 2. 　　　　(observe) that “We make a living by what we get; we make a life by what we give.” Through selfless service, volunteers are the glue that holds a community together. Many activities 3. 　　　　(volunteer) aid the elderly, the disabled and children. No one is 4. 　　　　lonely island in the sunshine of joyful giving.
Moreover, volunteering is a two-way street of giving and receiving. Sometimes we get 5. 　　　　(lock) into the “rat race” of life and the 6. 　　　　(certain) of success discourages us. However, volunteering can let us escape from the routine of life.
Given the significance of volunteerism, it’s time we 7. 　　　(roll) up our sleeves and extend a
helping hand. In respect 8. 　　　　my own experience, I work as a volunteer at the local animal shelter, 9. 　　　　I continue taking care of my furry friends. I hope my efforts can inspire people around me to devote 10. 　　　　(they) to volunteerism and create a circle of virtue we need.
1. 解析:固定句型“A is to B what C is to D.”意为“A对B就像C对D一样”。故填what。
答案:what
2. 解析:once“曾经”,说明句子用一般过去时,故填observed。
答案:observed
3. 解析:此处aid意为“帮助”,是动词,要用副词修饰,所给词volunteer的副词是voluntarily。故填voluntarily。
答案:voluntarily
4. 解析:此处表示泛指,且lonely以辅音音素开头。故填a。
答案:a
5. 解析:固定结构“get+过去分词”表示“变得……”。此处get是连系动词,后面通常用过去分词作表语,故填locked。
答案:locked
6. 解析:分析句子结构,the用在名词前面,所给词certain为形容词,意为“必然的,确定的”,其名词形式是certainty,意为“确定性”,再结合句意可知,这里应该用certainty的反义词。故填uncertainty。
答案:uncertainty
7. 解析:固定句型“It’s time+that从句”常用虚拟语气,表示“现在是该做某事的时候了”,从句中的谓语动词有两种形式:一种用动词的过去式,另一种用“should+动词原形(should不能省略)”,根据下文中的extend可知,这里应用“should+动词原形”,故填should roll。
答案:should roll
8. 解析:固定词组in respect of意为“关于,涉及”。故填of。
答案:of
9. 解析:此处shelter是先行词,为地点名词,且后面的定语从句缺少状语。故填where。
答案:where
10. 解析:固定搭配devote oneself to意为“献身于”。这里指周围的人致力于志愿服务,所以用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
答案:themselves
Ⅴ. 完形填空。
Zigfried, a little mouse, blew his breath on the frosty window of the farmhouse and rubbed it to see the outside. Still nobody came. Maybe today, he thought 　1　. It was only a few days before Christmas and he was watching for a miracle(奇迹).
This farmhouse had been　2　 too long. It needed a family. Zigfried’s 　3　 made a noise. He realised that he hadn’t eaten anything since yesterday. He jumped from the windowsill(窗台), grabbed a 　4　 from his home, and went next door to Farmer Mike’s.
Farmer Mike’s house had been a great place for the little mouse 　5　 the farmer married a wife who had a cat. Zigfried 　6　 when he thought of it. He looked around cautiously as he stole into the room where grain was stored and was quite 　7　 as he filled his bag with wheat. He was turning to leave when suddenly he felt a hot breath about his ear. His heart beat 　8　, and without thinking he started to run and luckily escaped the cat’s paws(爪子).
The next afternoon Zigfried heard some good news: a 　9　 family would be moving into the farmhouse soon. Zigfried’s granny would arrive on Christmas Eve to 　10　 with him. He hoped that the family would come before his granny came. Before long, a car came 　11　 the road leading to the house, with butter sandwiches, cheese and chocolate.
Zigfried’s Christmas miracle did arrive!
The house came alive the next few days. Zigfried 　12　 every single hour of them. 　13　, the day before Christmas when he was drinking hot chocolate with a 　14　 smile at the door of his home, he heard the discussion of the children of the family about what they might get for Christmas. What A cat The 　15　 froze on his face; his mouth fell wide open. After a long while, he at last found his voice: “Hey! Whose Christmas miracle is this ” 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1. A. carefully B. excitedly
C. hopefully D. proudly
解析:句意:仍然没有人来,也许今天吧,他满怀希望地想。carefully小心地;excitedly兴奋地;hopefully有希望地;proudly自豪地。故选C。
答案:C
2. A. shabby B. noisy
C. messy D. empty
解析:根据下文“It needed a family.”可知,这房子空置多时了。shabby破旧的,破败的,破烂的;noisy嘈杂的,喧闹的;messy凌乱的,散乱的;empty空的,空虚的,空洞的。故选D。
答案:D
3. A. mouth B. nose
C. stomach D. throat
解析:根据下文“He realised that he hadn’t eaten anything since yesterday.”可知,Zigfried饿了,它的肚子发出声音。mouth嘴巴;nose鼻子;stomach胃;throat喉咙。故选C。
答案:C
4. A. bag B. stick　　
C. bowl D. coat
解析:根据下文“as he filled his bag with wheat”可知,此处指他从窗台上跳下来,从家里抓起一个口袋,然后去了隔壁的农民Mike家。bag袋子;stick棍子;bowl碗;coat外套。故选A。
答案:A
5. A. although B. until
C. whereas D. unless
解析:句意:农民Mike的房子对这只小老鼠来说是一个好地方,直到农民娶了妻子,这个女人有一只猫。although尽管,虽然;until到……为止,在……以前;whereas但是,然而;unless除非。故选B。
答案:B
6. A. beat B. removed
C. trembled D. wandered
解析:Mike的妻子养了一只猫,猫是老鼠的天敌。因此每当Zigfried想到这就会颤抖。beat击打;remove移除;tremble颤抖;wander漫步。故选C。
答案:C
7. A. curious B. nervous
C. pitiful D. sensible
解析:由于害怕猫,当Zigfried装小麦时都十分不安。curious好奇的;nervous不安的;pitiful令人同情的,可怜的;sensible明智的,合理的。故选B。
答案:B
8. A. strongly B. irregularly
C. slowly D. wildly
解析:句意:他的心疯狂地跳动。strongly强烈地,坚强地;irregularly不规则地;slowly缓慢地,迟缓地;wildly疯狂地,失控地。故选D。
答案:D
9. A. close B. happy
C. new D. young
解析:句意:第二天下午,Zigfried听到一个好消息——一个新家庭很快要搬进这个农舍了。close亲密的;happy幸福的;new新的;young年轻的。故选C。
答案:C
10. A. celebrate B. communicate
C. compete D. compromise
解析:句意:Zigfried的奶奶也会在平安夜来与他一起庆祝。 celebrate庆祝,歌颂; communicate交流;compete竞赛,竞争;compromise妥协。故选A。
答案:A
11. A. across B. from　　
C. off D. up
解析:句意:不久,一辆车出现在通往这间房子的公路上,车上有黄油三明治、奶酪和巧克力。come across偶遇,偶然发现;come from来自某处,出生于;come off成功;come up出现。故选D。
答案:D
12. A. counted B. enjoyed　　
C. missed D. wasted
解析:句意:Zigfried尽情享受着每时每刻。count数数;enjoy享受;miss错过,思念;waste浪费。故选B。
答案:B
13. A. However B. Instead　　
C. Moreover D. Therefore
解析:根据下文“What A cat ”推知,老鼠的好日子到头了,故用however。however然而;instead相反;moreover此外;therefore所以。故选A。
答案:A
14. A. bitter B. forced
C. polite D. satisfied
解析:这家原先没人居住,老鼠总是挨饿,而现在,他在自家门口喝着热巧克力,当然是觉得很满足了。bitter苦的;forced被迫的;polite礼貌的;satisfied满足的。故选D。
答案:D
15. A. blood B. smile
C. tear D. sweat
解析:听到这家的孩子说在圣诞节会收到一只猫作为礼物,老鼠Zigfried脸上原本满意的笑容一下子僵住了。这里用smile与第14空后的smile相呼应。blood血;smile笑容;tear眼泪;sweat汗水。故选B。
答案:B
PAGE
10(共20张PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Listening and Speaking
1. 通过听关于志愿者工作的听力材料,了解志愿者工作所需要的技能和品质,提高通过关注like、such as、for example等词汇辨别听力材料中的例子的听力技能。
2. 通过谈论志愿者工作,学会在对话过程中运用提建议的常用句型,对某一话题提出自己的建议。
3. 通过跟读训练,总结英语中不同的强调方式:强调强烈的情感、强调重要的信息、纠正对方的错误、对比或比较。
Ⅰ. 在括号里写出黑体单词在句中的含义。
1. The plug(　　　) on my iron needs changing.
2. The children here are mentally disabled(　　　), but physically capable.
3. Tom has resigned(　　　) his membership of the golf club.
4. He is a responsible writer, and he deserves(　　　) respecting.
5. I haven’t heard much from John lately(　　　).
6. I recognised(　　　) him as soon as he came in the room.
7. What is the objective(　　　) of the meeting
8. The retired man donated(　　　) most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake.
9. Mr. Li has good personal qualities(　　　) such as honesty and generosity.
10. He stressed(　　　) the importance of kindness, duty and order in society.
答案: 1. 插头　2. 有残疾的　3. 辞去　4. 值得
5. 最近　6. 认出　7. 目标　8. 捐赠　9. 品质
10. 强调
Ⅱ. 从方框中选择合适的答语。
A. Yes, we could.
B. Good idea!
C. Of course, we would.
D. I think we should do more volunteer work.
E. It appeals to me because of its purity.
1. We might try to raise some money for the quake-stricken areas. 　　　
2. Would you consider giving people things to help them go through the suffering 　　　
3. How do you think of volunteer work 　　　
4. How does the idea of donation to Gansu appeal to you 　　　
5. Could we spend some time with our parents 　　　
答案: 1~5 BCDEA
Ⅲ. 背景知识阅读。
It’s wonderful to go to another country, complete a volunteer project and feel that you really have a positive influence. But how can you become an international volunteer
Plan practically. Contact the organisation a few months before leaving and find out if there are materials which are rare and hard to attain for the project. What you often consider plentiful here, such as nails or hammers, is in great need in other parts of the world.
Do the project together, not on your own. You are a guest in the community. The most successful result is not that you build something and walk away, but that you and the community build something as a team. Share skills and build together.
Be flexible. Not everything is going to happen as planned. Often the other country doesn’t have the right tools, manpower, transportation or funds to get all the needed work done. In a word, they lack infrastructure(基础设施).
Volunteering is a lifelong experience for everyone involved. Be prepared that the person who may be changed most is you. It’s a joyful and careful experience which will encourage you to view yourself, your neighbours and your world quite differently.
Pre-listening: Look and say.
Look at the picture on page 42 of the textbook and answer the following questions.
1. What happens in the picture


2. What is the probable relationship between the three people in the picture


3. Guess what kind of suggestions they will give for the volunteer project.


4. Tell your partner about your experience of ever working as a volunteer.


答案: 1. They are under discussion about suggestions for the volunteer project.
2. Classmates or members of some organisation.
3. Donations for the poor; helping to give classes to the poor children.(或者其他言之有理的答案)
While-listening: Listen and write.
1. Listen to the conversation and finish Exercises 2, 3 on page 42 of the textbook.
2. Listen to the conversation again and write down your opinions about the impact of doing volunteer work on students.



答案: 2. Volunteer work has a deep impact on students. Firstly, we can put what we have learnt into practice. Secondly, we can make lots of new friends during the activities. Last but not least, we can gain a sense of satisfaction from helping others.
Post-listening: Speak and play.
1. (应用实践)What kind of volunteer work is suitable for students And what kind of qualities should they have


2. (迁移创新)Give some suggestions to those who want to do volunteer work.


答案: 1. Students can spend hours as volunteers in hospitals, orphanages or old people’s homes. They can read books to the people in these places, or they can just visit them and listen to their problems. Other young volunteers can go and work in the homes of people who are sick or old. They can paint, clean up, or repair houses, do their shopping and mow their lawns. They should have the following qualities: patient, careful, modest, reliable, open, voluble, energetic and tolerant.
2. 　　Firstly, ask yourself why you want to be a volunteer.
Secondly, choose an organisation that is meaningful to you. For instance, if you are good at writing, you can find whether there is such an organisation in your area. Lastly, get to know others in your organisation.
利用标志词辨别英语中的例子
所谓例子就是一个东西、一件事、一个人、一种情况等,这些例子有助于解释或说明人们正在谈论的内容。英语中的例子几乎总是用相关的标志词来表示,如:like, such as, for example, for instance, to illustrate, to demonstrate。记住这些表示例子的标志词能帮助我们更好地理解听力材料,从而快速准确地得出答案。
你知道一名合格的志愿者需要具备哪些优秀品质吗
1.志愿者必须具有乐观向上的生活态度。
2.志愿者必须是一个诚实守信的人。
3.志愿者必须具有大局观和团队精神。
4.志愿者必须尊重他人。
5.志愿者必须守时守纪。(共27张PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Discovering Useful Structures

1. 在语境中观察感知短语的形式及意义,并通过自主探究,总结短语在句中充当的成分及使用规则,体会其用法与功能。
2. 通过多种形式和多层次的练习,能够正确分辨短语的词性及其在句中充当的成分,并能够熟练运用其进行口头和书面表达。
复习短语
一、 名词短语 (noun phrases,简称NP)
【观察思考】
The yellow house is for sale.
I want a skate board.
Karen lives in the big house.
This is my car.
【探究总结】
(1)名词短语的定义:
名词短语至少是两个词,名词与它的修饰语一起构成名词短语。
(2)名词短语中的修饰语:
一般来说,名词前面有两种修饰语。
其一是　　　　,用来限定名词所指的范围,对名词起泛指或特指、定量或不定量等的限定修饰作用。比如冠词(a、an、the)和物主代词(my ...)。
其二是　　　　,用来表示名词的性质和特征。比如yellow、big等。
(3)名词短语的功能用法:
名词短语可以作　　　　、宾语或　　　　。
答案: (2)限定词　形容词　(3)主语　表语
【应用实践】
用横线画出句子中的名词短语,并在括号里写出其充当的成分。
①These red roses are for you. (　　)
②I have three close friends. (　　)
③He is my best friend. (　　)
④There are some red roses on that small table.(　　/　　)
答案: ①These red roses主语
②three close friends宾语
③my best friend表语
④some red roses; that small table主语;宾语
英文中的介词不能单独使用,其后必须接宾语,所接的宾语往往是名词短语,也可以是单个的名词。如:
the bird in the tree 树上的那只鸟
the development of China 中国的发展
二、动词短语 (verb phrases,简称VP)
【观察思考】
Tom likes playing football.
Listen! Someone is singing a popular song.
Mum often encourages me to study hard.
He sings well.
【探究总结】
(1)动词短语的定义:
一个动词与其　　　　、补语、　　　　等在一起构成的短语。
(2)动词短语的功能用法:
①在英语中动词短语按其在句子中的功能可分为谓语动词短语和　　　　。
②　　　　是由时态、人称和数来决定动词形式,是表示动作或状态的,它又可分为:实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词四种。　　　　就是不能作句子谓语而具有其他语法功能的动词。
答案: (1)宾语　状语　(2)①非谓语动词短语
②谓语动词　非谓语动词
短语动词(phrasal verbs)
短语动词是一种固定的词组,一般由动词加介词或副词构成,常用的短语动词有以下几类:
动词+副词:look out, take off
动词+介词:look into, attend to
动词+副词+介词:get along with, catch up with
动词+名词+介词:take part in, pay attention to
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
①I’ve been trying to phone Charles all evening, but there must be something wrong with the network; I can’t seem to get 　　　　.
②I came 　　　　my English teacher this morning while I was eating breakfast.
③—What’s that terrible noise
—The neighbours 　　　　(prepare for) a party.

答案: ①through　②across　③are preparing for
三、 副词短语 (adverbial phrases,简称AdvP)
【观察思考】
She types quickly and correctly.
He writes slowly but well.
He runs very/extremely fast.
He works much harder than Lily.
【探究总结】
(1)副词短语的定义:
副词短语是指由几个副词或副词与其修饰语构成的短语。
(2)副词短语的构成及功能用法:
①两个或多个副词可以由　　　　、but等并列连词连接,构成副词短语。
②　　　　等程度副词作修饰语,可与其他副词构成副词短语。
③副词短语在句中当作副词用,可以修饰　　　　、形容词或副词。
答案: (2)①and　②very、extremely　③动词
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
①I was so 　　　　moved by his deeds that I couldn’t fall asleep 　　　　into the night (deep).
②—What do you think she is doing right now
—She is 　　　　(probable) doing nothing good.
—You expressed my thoughts 　　　　(exact).
③I have seen him quite 　　　　(recent).
答案: ①deeply　deep　
②probably　exactly
③recently
四、 形容词短语 (adjective phrases,简称AdjP)
【观察思考】
Your room is large and beautiful.
What he said is really confusing.
He is a very diligent student.
My evidence would be good for nothing.
We must make our country strong enough.
He arrives home, hungry and tired.
【探究总结】
(1)形容词短语的定义:
形容词短语是指由几个形容词或形容词与其修饰语构成的短语。
(2)形容词短语的构成:
①两个或多个形容词可以由　　　　、but等并列连词连接,构成形容词短语。
②可以由really、　　　　等程度副词作修饰语,与形容词构成形容词短语。
③形容词短语有时也可以由“形容词+　　　　短语”构成。
(3)形容词短语的句法功能:
形容词短语常作三种成分,即　　　　、　　　　、　　　　,有时也作状语。
答案: (2)①and　②very　③介词
(3)表语　定语　宾语补足语
【应用实践】
指出下列画线形容词短语所充当的成分。
①Anxious for a quick decision, our leader called for a vote. (　　)
②She looks beautiful and smart. (　　)
③You have a small but beautiful room. (　　)
答案: ①状语　②表语　③定语
五、介词短语 (prepositional phrases,简称PrepP)
【观察思考】
He has been here since Monday.
The man in the room is Li Ming’s uncle.
His face was without expression.
He didn’t feel at ease.
I saw George at work.
【探究总结】
(1)介词短语的定义:
介词不能单独作成分,它必须和其后的宾语即名词、代词、动词
-ing形式、从句等一起构成介词短语,才能作相关的句子成分。
(2)介词短语的功能用法:
介词短语作状语时最多,它还可以在句中作　　　　、　　　　和宾语补足语。
答案: (2)定语　表语
【应用实践】
(1)指出下列画线介词短语所充当的成分。
①We have friends all over the world. (　　)
②The museum is just across the street. (　　)
③The man next to Bill was talking to him. (　　)
④A cold kept him in bed for three days. (　　)
(2)单句语法填空(填入适当的介词)。
①The professor gave a lesson 　　　　how to improve soil.
②He has just returned 　　　　abroad.
③Everything divides 　　　　two.
④The police are chasing　　　　 him.
答案: (1)①状语　②表语　③定语
④宾语补足语　(2)①on　②from
③into　④after