Section Ⅴ Assessing Your Progress & Video Time
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 根据句意及汉语提示写出正确单词。
1. In consequence of your bad work, I am forced to (解雇) you.
2. Bulgaria (宣布) her independence in 1908.
3. The judge concluded that the prisoner was (有罪的).
4. The instrument (计算) distances precisely.
5. I’ll report what you did to your (上级的) officer.
6. I’ve got an (预约) to see Ms Edwards at two o’clock.
7. The search results may show documents in a (随机的) order.
8. It is impolite for one to (力劝) other people to drink in the West.
9. I might take advantage of the cheap (飞机票价) to go and visit my brother.
10. Quick! Go and (去请来) a doctor.
答案:1. dismiss 2. declared 3. guilty
4. calculates 5. superior 6. appointment
7. random 8. urge 9. fares 10. fetch
Ⅱ. 用方框中所给短语的正确形式填空。
in time, superior to, take over, or rather,
conflict with, more than, turn out, fall away,
make an appointment with, have an urge to
1. After his defeat, many of his supporters .
2. Even the students who used to dislike English have to be interested in the subject.
3. The changes are sure to the old traditions, so we must give it a second thought.
4. Alan the farm when his father died.
5. This model of 5G mobile phone is far any others.
6. He’s a coach—he’s a friend for all of us.
7. I have my dentist this afternoon.
8. Have you ever do something strange
9. Unless you observe the traffic rules, the accident will occur .
10. We stayed at my friend’s house, at my friend’s parents’ house.
答案:1. fell away 2. turned out 3. conflict with
4. took over 5. superior to 6. more than
7. made an appointment with 8. had an urge to
9. in time 10. or rather
Ⅲ. 句式仿写。
1. As a favour, Tony promised to help Claire make herself more beautiful and her home more elegant.
句式:make+宾语+宾语补足语(形容词)
仿写:他将会极力使自己在这桩生意中显得更加重要。
2. Claire thanked Tony, telling him that he was a“dear”.
句式:动词-ing形式短语作伴随状语
仿写:你每天早晨醒来都感到精力充沛吗
3. He suggested that she invite Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return.
句式:suggest作“建议”讲时,其后宾语从句要用虚拟语气,即“(should+)动词原形”
仿写:为了有更多的时间挑选书,我建议我们早出发。
4. She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day, and that he felt more than just the desire to please her.
句式:more than 不只是,不仅仅
仿写:父母不仅要给孩子提供吃穿,还是孩子的启蒙老师。
5. Night came as if a lamp was being turned out, and in another moment came the day.
句式:as if=as though 仿佛;好像
仿写:她站在门口好像在等人。
答案:
1. He would try to make himself more important in the business.
2. Do you wake up every morning feeling energetic
3. To have more time to select books, I suggest that we (should) set out early.
4. Parents are more than providers for their kids and they are also their first teachers.
5. She stood at the gate as if she was waiting for someone.
Ⅳ. 完成句子。
1. 约翰被选为班长来代替哈里。
John of the class in place of Harry.
2. 人们认为他很聪明但不诚实。
He clever but dishonest.
3. 我市将建几座大型的现代化发电厂。
Several big modern power plants in our city.
4. 截至去年12月他们已建造了三艘船。
By last December three ships them.
5. 到目前为止,演讲委员会已宣布了这些演讲的题目。
So far the subjects of these lectures the lecture committee.
答案:1. was elected monitor 2. is thought to be
3. will be built 4. had been built by
5. have been announced by
[提升测评]
Ⅴ. 阅读理解。
A
Amazon has plans to drop off packages directly into shoppers’ houses. The world’s largest online retailer has announced Amazon Key, a lock and camera system that users control remotely to let delivery associates(伙伴) put goods into their houses. Customers can create temporary passwords(密码) for friends and other service professionals to enter as well.
The smart lock may help Amazon get sales from shoppers who cannot make it home to receive an order, and don’t want the package stolen from their doorstep. It also signals Amazon’s determination to win the market of home security devices, where Alphabet Inc.’s Nest Labs competes.
“This is not an experiment for us,” said Peter Larsen, Amazon vice president of delivery technology, in an interview. “This is a key part of the Amazon shopping experience from this point forward.”
Members of Amazon’s Prime shopping club can pay $249.99 and up for a cloud-controlled camera and lock that the company offers to install. Delivery associates are told to ring a doorbell or knock when they arrive at someone’s house. If no one greets them, they press “unlock” in a mobile app, and Amazon checks its system in an instant to make sure the right associate and package are present. The camera then streams the video to the customer who remotely can watch the in-home delivery take place. The associate cannot proceed with other trips until the house is again locked.
It is unclear if such protections will persuade customers that the service is safe to use. Larsen said stealing was “not something that happens in practice”, based on early tests of the Amazon Key programme. He added that if a problem arises, “You can call customer service and Amazon will work with you to make sure it’s right, reimbursing(赔偿) you for any loss or damage in some cases.”
1. What can we learn about the Amazon Key
A. It has a limited use.
B. It can prevent stealing in reality.
C. It has been accepted by customers.
D. It plays a part in Amazon’s market planning.
解析:推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“It also signals Amazon’s determination to win the market of home security devices ... ”可知,智能锁在亚马逊的市场计划中扮演着重要的角色。故选D。
答案:D
2. Who will be the customers to buy the smart lock
A. Those who entertain guests at home.
B. Those who often buy things on Amazon.
C. Those who can’t receive the package in person.
D. Those who care about home safety very much.
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The smart lock may help Amazon get sales from shoppers who cannot make it home to receive an order ...”可知,那些不能亲自收快递的人会是购买智能锁的消费者。故选C。
答案:C
3. What should delivery associates do first to start the lock
A. Make sure there is no one at home.
B. Install the lock for the customers.
C. Connect the lock to a camera.
D. Press “unlock” in a mobile app.
解析:细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Delivery associates are told to ring a doorbell or knock when they arrive at someone’s house.”可知,快递人员在开锁之前应先确定房间里没人。故选A。
答案:A
4. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear
A. Entertainment. B. Technology.
C. Education. D. Lifestyle.
解析:推理判断题。阅读全文可知,本文介绍了网上零售商巨头亚马逊推出的智能锁,属于科技范畴,因此最有可能出现在报纸的科技部分。故选B。
答案:B
B
We’ve heard of robots and AI (artificial intelligence) taking human jobs, but I bet mayors don’t really think their jobs can be threatened any time soon. They were wrong, and the AI running for the mayor of a Tokyo district was clear proof of that.
AI can’t legally run for high-ranking public management positions yet, but one mayoral candidate from Tama City, Tokyo, intended to maximise the use of artificial intelligence in running city affairs. He was running his campaign as an AI Mayor. Basically, he was suggesting replacing human public officials with AI and having it collect city data and create fair and balanced policies that will benefit everyone.
“For the first time in the world, AI will run in an election,” human candidate Michihito Matsuda announced. “Artificial Intelligence will change Tama City. With the birth of an AI Mayor, we will conduct balanced politics.”
The AI Mayor was campaigning very much like its human competitors. Posters were shown all over Tama City and campaign trucks were blaring out promises of an AI utopia(乌托邦) and asking for support.
Some people called Michihito Matsuda s campaign a stunt(噱头), as a human would still be the one legally in charge. However, others said that they were excited about the future of AI running things in the background, adding that it had to be a better choice.
5. What’s the advantage of the AI Mayor according to Michihito Matsuda
A. Maximising the use of AI.
B. Replacing human officials.
C. Creating balanced policies.
D. Bringing him beneficial effects.
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段和第三段最后一句可知,根据Michihito Matsuda的观点,人工智能市长能制定客观公正的政策。故选C。
答案:C
6. How will AI run for the mayor
A. It will abolish many old policies.
B. It will ask for support on the Internet.
C. It will make public speeches, dressed like a human.
D. It will compete like human competitors.
解析:细节理解题。根据第四段的内容,尤其是第一句“The AI Mayor was campaigning very much like its human competitors.”可知,人工智能市长的竞选活动与它的人类竞争者相似。故选D。
答案:D
7. What’s the citizens’ attitude towards Michihito Matsuda’s campaign
A. They believe AI will win.
B. All consider it to be tricky.
C. It is supposed to be a failure definitely.
D. Some think it’s worthy of expectation.
解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容,尤其是最后一句“However, others said that they were excited about the future of AI running things in the background, adding that it had to be a better choice.”可知,一些人认为Michihito Matsuda使用人工智能竞选市长是值得期待的。故选D。
答案:D
8. What is the best title for the passage
A. AI Runs for Mayor
B. Advantages of AI
C. AI Replaces Humans in Management
D. Patterns of AI Management
解析:主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了人工智能竞选市长的相关情况。故选A。
答案:A
C
The Science of Talking with Your Preschooler
Language is the fullest and most useful way of communication, and we can teach young children how to use language by engaging them in conversations. 9. . There are three main conversation techniques that parents can use to help their preschoolers develop important oral language skills.
10. . The more details that are added in a conversation, the more opportunities the young child has to learn new words. Listen closely to what the child is talking about, and then explain it further to help a preschooler expand language.
Interact by asking questions and telling answers that are meaningful to the child’s interests. 11.. It also gives preschoolers opportunities to use the new words. By asking different types of questions like who, where, why, what, how and when, young children are encouraged to use their own words and express their own ideas.
Help young children learn to use their language to consider and solve a problem. By “wondering aloud”, an adult models his thinking process and exposes preschoolers to curiosity and the abstract uses of language. “Wondering aloud” is simply saying out loud what you are thinking. 12. , you can involve your children in what you are doing and demonstrate how to think through a problem to come to a conclusion.
Strong oral language skills developed during the preschool years will help a child’s success with later reading comprehension in school. Engaging your young children in rich conversations can help them build important language skills. 13. .
A. If gestures are added
B. By expressing your thoughts in words
C. Clearly explain new words and add details
D. It can also help you and your children to have fun together
E. Having good conversations with preschoolers is a “science”
F. Use simple words to make abstract thoughts easier to understand
G. Such practice helps a child maintain interest in a topic or an activity
9. 解析:空处承接上文“Language is the fullest and most useful way of communication, and we can teach young children how to use language by engaging them in conversations.”,且与文章标题“The Science of Talking with Your Preschooler”呼应。故选E。
答案:E
10. 解析:与下文“The more details that are added in a conversation, the more opportunities the young child has to learn new words.”呼应。故选C。
答案:C
11. 解析:结合上文“Interact by asking questions and telling answers that are meaningful to the child’s interests.”,且空处与下文“It also gives preschoolers opportunities to use the new words.”呼应可知,此处应是讲这样做的益处。故选G。
答案:G
12. 解析:与上文“‘Wondering aloud’ is simply saying out loud what you are thinking.”呼应可推知,此处应是说通过语言将想法表达出来。故选B。
答案:B
13. 解析:与空前一句“Engaging your young children ... build important language skills.”呼应可推知,此处应是讲和学龄前儿童谈话的益处。故选D。
答案:D
Ⅵ. 完形填空。
When our confidence is low, we sometimes tend to believe what others think of us. We don’t have the confidence in ourselves 1 we have to believe in others. One individual who has 2 to accept others’ beliefs is Les Brown.
It started when he was just a baby. He was put up for adoption. 3 he was adopted by a woman, Ms Mamie Brown. She was a single parent, had limited 4 resources, and little education, but she had a big heart. She 5 Les and his twin brother.
As Les was 6 he met difficulties in school. He was incorrectly labelled as a “slow learner”. When that label is put on a child, it damages a child’s self-esteem. However, Les was 7 . He didn’t believe what others believed his abilities to be. He had big dreams. He had no 8 education beyond high school, yet he had determination and was very persistent. He 9 his education by self-education.
Today he is a very successful professional speaker and author. He is a(n) 10 of someone who has overcome other people’s beliefs. In his videos and tapes, he expressed confidence. He told his story and 11 he overcame the challenges in his life. Listening to him speak, and listening to him laugh, which is 12 infectious, we can say that he is very motivating and inspiring.
Remember the words of 13 by Les Brown, “You cannot expect to achieve new goals or move beyond your present circumstances unless you 14 .” For those who have low self-confidence, start reading about the Les Browns of the world. Many people have so much more 15 than where they are right now. If you have a dream, then start today to move yourself towards it.
1. A. until B. because
C. so D. though
解析:此处表示因果关系,意为“我们对自己没信心,因此(so)只好相信别人”。故选C。
答案:C
2. A. refused B. agreed
C. preferred D. intended
解析:结合下文对Les Brown的描述可知,他拒绝(refuse)接受别人的看法。故选A。
答案:A
3. A. Unfortunately B. Strangely
C. Surprisingly D. Thankfully
解析:根据下文可知,Mamie Brown女士是一个好心人,因此这里表示“幸运的是(thankfully),他被Mamie Brown女士收养了”。故选D。
答案:D
4. A. financial B. cultural
C. historical D. political
解析:联系句中的“a single parent” “little education”以及“but”可知,这里说的是她的经济(financial)来源有限。故选A。
答案:A
5. A. educated B. protected
C. treated D. adopted
解析:联系上文可知,Mamie Brown女士收养(adopt)了Les Brown兄弟俩。故选D。
答案:D
6. A. growing up B. going ahead
C. looking around D. walking about
解析:上文提到Les Brown被收养,这里说的是他长大(grow up)了,去上学了。故选A。
答案:A
7. A. determined B. embarrassed
C. frightened D. disappointed
解析:由句首的However和下文的“He didn’t believe what others believed his abilities to be.”可知,Les有决心(determined)。故选A。
答案:A
8. A. formal B. personal
C. physical D. natural
解析:根据“beyond high school”可知,这里表示“他高中毕业后没有再接受正规的(formal)教育”。故选A。
答案:A
9. A. increased B. designed
C. furthered D. prepared
解析:这里用further表示“继续”。他通过自学继续自己的学业。故选C。
答案:C
10. A. symbol B. example
C. record D. opinion
解析:根据故事情节可知,他不相信别人对他的评价,通过自己的努力获得了成功,因此他是一个典范(example)。故选B。
答案:B
11. A. when B. why
C. how D. where
解析:他做演讲是为了鼓舞观众,因此他会在演讲时讲述自己是如何(how)克服生活中的挑战的。故选C。
答案:C
12. A. slightly B. occasionally
C. certainly D. eventually
解析:根据该段末尾“he is very motivating and inspiring”可知,他的演讲和他的笑无疑(certainly)是有感染力的。故选C。
答案:C
13. A. evidence B. introduction
C. wisdom D. judgment
解析:该句引号中的话是Les Brown的至理名言,故选wisdom。故选C。
答案:C
14. A. change B. apologise
C. succeed D. participate
解析:文章通过事例说明要有自信,所以如果你不改变(change),也就是培养自信,就不可能实现新的目标。故选A。
答案:A
15. A. admiration B. ambition
C. adventure D. potential
解析:联系Les Brown的成长经历以及最终成功的事例可以推知,与现在的情况相比,许多人都有更多的潜能(potential)。故选D。
答案:D
PAGE
18Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking (1)
阅读理解。
A
A team of engineers at Harvard University created the first robotic fly. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.
“The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of its components is off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own,” said Robert Wood, a Harvard engineering professor.
They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has lots of interdependence(互相依赖) of the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it’s connected to,” said Wood.
While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers’ fields or on the battlefield. “Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around,” he said.
Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications. “You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead,” he said. “So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day-to-day basis.”
1. What is the typical characteristic of the robotic fly
A. It’s automatic.
B. It’s very small.
C. It’s controllable.
D. It’s quite powerful.
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句可知,这种飞行器设计初衷是为了能做苍蝇做的事,它的尺寸和肥胖的家蝇一样大,微小的翅膀可以让它停在空中执行受控的飞行任务。据此可知,该飞行器的典型特点是尺寸小。故选B。
答案:B
2. We can infer from the passage that the robotic flyer can .
A. act as a spy plane
B. help do farm work
C. fly at a very high speed
D. answer many scientific questions
解析:推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“... so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers’ fields or on the battlefield.”可知,某一天这种飞行器可能用于搜救点、农田、战场信息的收集。据此可推知,该飞行器可以用作间谍飞机。故选A。
答案:A
3. What is Wood’s idea about the robotic fly according to the last paragraph
A. It is highly questionable.
B. It has wide practical applications.
C. It gives scientists interest in flying machines.
D. It points to a new direction in studying biology.
解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“Yet, the power ... could have much broader applications.”并结合Wood所说的话可知,Wood认为这种飞行器使用范围很广泛。故选B。
答案:B
4. What can be the best title for the passage
A. Harvard’s Study in the Field of Insects
B. Breakthrough in Engineering Science
C. An Interesting Invention—Robotic Fly
D. Robotic Fly—Copy of Real Life Insect
解析:主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文的主题句是第一段第一、二句。结合全文内容可知,本文主要介绍了哈佛大学的工程师团队研制的一款机器苍蝇飞行器,介绍了其形状、大小、结构及前景等。故选D。
答案:D
B
An online supermarket company—Ocado in the UK, has recently displayed a robotic hand that can pick fruits and vegetables!
When an embryo is in the womb(子宫), the very first sense it develops is touch. The sense of touch is also the one that lasts the longest—as we get older and our vision and hearing begin to weaken, touch still remains. Humans use their touch to protect themselves, to create emotional relationships with other people and to experience pleasure. Can you imagine life without it
The sense of touch comes from a network of nerve endings(神经末梢) and special touch receptors on the surface of the skin. While there are different kinds of touch receptors, they help us judge pressure, texture and vibrations. They are located in our fingertips, palms, soles of our feet, face, lips and tongue.
When we touch something, the mechanoreceptors feel the touch and through a network of nerves send signals to the brain. This informs the brain about the location of the touch, the amount of force used, and the speed at which it was used.
Several different techniques have been tried in the past few years to create such a robotic hand—using three fingers. But this latest design by SoMa copies the human hand. It is made up of flexible materials which grasp the thing based on its size and shape. Then air pressure is used to control the movement of the robotic fingers to pick objects safely and without causing damage.
The next step would be for the robot to judge how ripe the fruits and vegetables are, and apply pressure accordingly. Members of the research team are currently working on adding computerised vision to the robots, so that they can see what they are grasping.
Does all this mean robots can replace people According to Ocado, they help improve productivity by removing some of the repetitive tasks done by humans.
5. What is focused on in the second paragraph
A. The origin of touch.
B. The importance of touch.
C. The development of touch.
D. The process of transporting touch.
解析:段落大意题。通读第二段可知,该段第一、二句说明了触觉是人体最先发育、持续时间最长的感觉;根据第二段第三句“Humans use their touch to protect themselves, to create emotional relationships with other people and to experience pleasure.”可知,人们用触觉来保护自己,创造和他人的情感联系。据此可推知,该段主要介绍了触觉的重要性。故选B。
答案:B
6. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refer to
A. The brain. B. The touch.
C. The nerve. D. The signal.
解析:代词指代题。根据第四段第二句“This informs the brain about the location of the touch, the amount of force used, and the speed at which it was used.”可知,这告知大脑触摸的位置、使用的力度以及使用的速度。结合第四段内容可知,该段主要介绍触觉发生的原理。故画线词代指该句中的“touch”。故选B。
答案:B
7. What is the typical feature of the latest robots
A. They can see what they’re taking hold of.
B. They can take the place of people in the workplace.
C. They can tell whether the fruits and vegetables are ripe.
D. They can hold things according to their outer features.
解析:细节理解题。根据第五段第三、四句的内容尤其是“grasp the thing based on its size and shape” “pick objects safely and without causing damage”可知,最新的机器人的特点是能根据水果和蔬菜的外部特征去进行摘取。故选D。
答案:D
8. What can be a suitable title for the passage
A. Sense of Touch for Robots
B. Robotic Hand for Classifying Fruits
C. Robotic Hand with a Gentle Touch
D. Robot Made of Flexible Materials
解析:主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章第一段“An online supermarket company—Ocado in the UK, has recently displayed a robotic hand that can pick fruits and vegetables!”点明全文主题。结合全文内容可知,文章主要介绍了一种能用适当的力度采摘水果、蔬菜的机械手。故选C。
答案:C
C
In the story of The Crow and the Pitcher from Aesop s Fables, a thirsty crow(乌鸦) drops stones into a narrow jar to raise the low level of water inside so he can take a drink.
Now scientists have evidence to back up that story. Crows actually do understand how to make water displacement(移位) work to their advantage, experiments show. The results suggest that the birds are, at least in some aspects, as smart as first-graders.
Researchers, led by Sarah Jelbert at the University of Auckland in New Zealand, presented six crows with tubes filled with water. Inside the tubes, a worm or piece of meat on a piece of wood was floating, just out of reach of the crows. In front of the tubes, the researchers arranged several rubber erasers that would sink, and some plastic objects that would float. The crows found out that they could drop the erasers into the tubes in order to raise the water level and get their snack.
However, the birds handled awkwardly in experiments in which they could choose to drop objects in either a wide tube or a narrow one to get a snack, the researchers said. Dropping objects into the narrow tube would lift the water level by a greater amount and put the treat within reach after just two drops; while it took around seven drops to raise the snack to the same level in the wide tube. The crows obviously didn’t realise this, and most of them went for the wide tube first.
Previous studies showed that chimps and human children can solve similar tasks. In a 2011 study, chimps and kids found out that they could put water into a tube to reach a peanut that was floating in a small amount of water at the bottom.
9. How did the crows get the snack in Sarah’s experiment
A. By breaking the tube.
B. By dropping in erasers.
C. By standing on the wood.
D. By removing the wood.
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“The crows found out that they could drop the erasers into the tubes in order to raise the water level and get their snack.”可知,乌鸦能够把橡皮擦扔到管子里,使食物浮起,然后吃到食物。故选B。
答案:B
10. What does the author mean by “the birds handled awkwardly” in paragraph 4
A. They were unable to tell different shapes.
B. They dropped objects only into narrow tubes.
C. They were not aware of the snack at first sight.
D. They mostly avoided the easier way to get the snack.
解析:推理判断题。从第四段可知,实验中的乌鸦在面对粗细不同的管子时,虽然细管比粗管需要更少的水和时间就可以把食物浮起来,但是乌鸦往往先去粗管那边,而没有选择更容易浮起食物的细管。由此可知,这一句话的意思应该是“这些鸟儿没有选择更容易的方式得到零食”。故选D。
答案:D
11. What does the passage mainly focus on
A. Stories of Aesop’s Fables.
B. The development of crows.
C. Crows’ intelligence.
D. Human-animal communication.
解析:主旨大意题。根据第二段最后一句“The results suggest that the birds are, at least in some aspects, as smart as first-graders.”以及后面的几个实验可知,整篇文章都是围绕乌鸦的智商问题来展开的。故选C。
答案:C
12. What can we learn from the passage
A. Crows are almost as clever as first-graders in some respects.
B. Crows understand water displacement completely.
C. Chimps and children are much smarter than crows.
D. The story of The Crow and the Pitcher lacks evidence.
解析:推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“The results suggest that the birds are, at least in some aspects, as smart as first-graders.”可知,乌鸦在一些方面几乎跟一年级小学生一样聪明,所以选项A正确。根据第四段的实验可知,乌鸦并不能很好地理解排水量问题,所以选项B错误。根据最后一段的实验可知,黑猩猩和儿童跟乌鸦一样可以解决类似的问题,这不能说明他们比乌鸦聪明,所以选项C错误。第二段第一句“Now scientists have evidence to back up that story.”可知,科学家们已经有关于这则寓言的证据了,所以选项D错误。故选A。
答案:A
Reading and Thinking (2)
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空。
1. The parents felt ashamed of their son when he (dismiss) by the boss.
2. The lawyer claimed that the accused(被告) was not (guilt).
3. All night long he lay awake, (think) of the problem.
4. He tried to make his ideas (know).
5. They usually have the medicine (test) out before putting into the market all over the country.
6. Jane’s pale face suggested that she (be) ill, and her parents suggested she (have) a medical examination.
7. The two (saleswoman) were busily trying to keep up with the demand.
8. Let’s appoint a time (meet) again.
9. Angry residents have declared war the owner of the factory.
10. Some people say it is a very easy thing to get up a cold morning.
答案:1. was dismissed 2. guilty 3. thinking
4. known 5. tested 6. was (should) have
7. saleswomen 8. to meet 9. on 10. on
Ⅱ. 用适当的介/副词填空。
1. You must work how much all these things will cost.
2. His work is to test new designs of cars before they are put on the market.
3. This is the first place in all of China to experiment this method.
4. When we got to the border, the guards made us turn and go back.
5. He looks more a businessman than a teen idol.
6. If you keep on collecting, time you’ll have a wealth of data.
7. There is no need to blame him all day long. He’s a child all.
8. I am not free this afternoon because I have an appointment my dentist.
9. Several of the members have come up suggestions of their own.
10. comparison, the scheme seems superior to the one reported in this paper.
答案:1. out 2. out 3. with 4. around 5. like
6. in 7. after 8. with 9. with 10. In
Ⅲ. 语法填空。
The company for which Larry worked was to have a newly-made robot 1. (call) Tony which was experimented with by his wife Claire at home. At the first sight of Tony, Claire felt 2. (alarm). She thought 3. was ridiculous that a robot should look so much like a human 4. his smooth hair, deep voice, tall and handsome body. On the second morning,Tony wanted to help her to dress, which made Claire 5. (embarrass) and she refused him. But later she was glad that Tony could make her home 6. (elegance), give her a new haircut and improve her makeup.7. (decorate) her home, he also wrote a list of 8. (item) for her to buy. And finally Tony helped Claire to finish all the work.Tony suggested that she 9. (invite) Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return. 10. was unbelievable was that Tony didn’t want to leave Claire in the end!
答案:1. called 2. alarmed 3. it 4. with
5. embarrassed 6. elegant 7. To decorate
8. items 9. (should) invite 10. What
[提升测评]
Ⅳ. 阅读理解。
Robots performing tasks according to a predetermined set of instructions are nothing new. But robots capable of learning how to do something by watching videos are a completely different thing.
If you have posted a video of your favourite recipe on a popular website, chances are that it will be tried by a robot.
Yiannis Aloimonos, who leads a team that is trying to teach a robot how to reproduce simple tasks by watching videos, said, “There exists a huge amount of video information on the Internet that we can use.”
So far, the robot named Julia can pour ingredients, add dressing and mix a simple salad. It learns by breaking each task into basic parts, such as grasping a spoon, bringing it to the bowl, stirring the salad and observing the results. As Julia can see, hear and remember things and then combine those parts to perform certain tasks, Aloimonos said the project can combine all those abilities.
But why teach a robot how to understand a video when it can easily follow a fixed programme Aloimonos said, “You have a system that is done just for this particular task. And so,it can’t generalise(推广). You cannot take it and put it into a different environment. It is not flexible.”
Aloimonos said one of the problems the researchers are trying to solve is how to make the robot understand and use what it learns during the performance of a certain task, the so-called feedback(反馈). Another problem will be the introduction of language.
“I believe it will take quite some time before the robots are able to understand metaphorical(比喻性的) language,” he added. But we don’t need that in order to create a new world in which the robots will be working for us.
1. The example of Robot Julia is mentioned to prove .
A. it is a wise robot cook
B. robots can understand a video
C. there are a lot of videos online
D. the salad made by it is tasty
解析:推理判断题。由第四段可知,这款机器人可以通过看视频做一些简单的饭菜,说明它能看懂视频的内容。故选B。
答案:B
2. What does the underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refer to
A. To get feedback on a certain task.
B. To solve a problem of a language.
C. To use what it learns in doing a task.
D. To understand metaphorical language.
解析:代词指代题。由最后一段画线词前面的“I believe it will take quite some time before the robots are able to understand metaphorical language”可知,这里的that指的是前面提到的“to understand metaphorical language”。故选D。
答案:D
3. What is the main idea of the passage
A. Robots cook for humans by themselves.
B. Robots learn to cook by watching videos.
C. Robots do things without fixed programmes.
D. Robots are fond of watching cooking videos.
解析:主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了现在研究人员正在开发可以通过看视频自己学习做事的机器人的情况。故选B。
答案:B
Ⅴ. 完形填空。
A surveillance(监视) video has become a hit on social media. In the video, cars and taxis in a 1 tunnel(隧道) in Yichang, Hubei Province, are giving 2 to an ambulance.
It was on Monday night. The ambulance was trapped in the traffic jam 3 after entering the Dongshan Tunnel at 7:46 p.m. But when hearing the 4 of the ambulance, many cars and taxis ahead slowed and moved to the sides to make way.
The ambulance, carrying a patient in need of a(n) 5 operation, soon passed through the tunnel by the “life channel” created by the car drivers. 6 the “life channel”, the patient was sent to the hospital in time and got timely treatments. He and his family 7 their deep appreciation to all those who had made way for the ambulance on the way it had been driven 8 .
The ambulance driver said that if the car drivers hadn’t given way, he couldn’t 9 how long it would have taken him to make it through and how 10 it would have been for the patient. “I usually see such kind behaviour on TV. But when it happened in front of my eyes, I was greatly 11 ,” he said.
Chinese netizens also expressed their 12 for the drivers. One said, “The city is full of the milk of human kindness and 13 energy.” Another 14 , “Three years ago, a similar situation also happened in the same tunnel. Be 15 of our city!”
1. A. narrow B. crowded
C. long D. wide
解析:根据下文中的“The ambulance was trapped in the traffic jam 3 after entering the Dongshan Tunnel at 7:46 p.m.”可知,当时隧道里交通拥挤(crowded)。故选B。
答案:B
2. A. petrol B. life
C. way D. light
解析:根据下文中的“But when hearing the 4 of the ambulance, many cars and taxis ahead slowed and moved to the sides to make way.”可推知,当时隧道里的其他车辆听到救护车的声音就为它让路。give way (to sb/sth)让……先行。故选C。
答案:C
3. A. shortly B. frequently
C. obviously D. swiftly
解析:结合空后的“at 7:46 p.m.”可推知,救护车出行时间正值交通高峰期,因此进入隧道不久(shortly)就遭遇了堵车。故选A。
答案:A
4. A. whistle B. shout
C. scream D. yell
解析:根据空前的“hearing”可推知,当时隧道里的其他车辆听到救护车的警笛声(whistle),纷纷让道。故选A。
答案:A
5. A. ordinary B. authentic
C. general D. emergency
解析:根据语境可推知,救护车上的病人情况紧急,需要做急救(emergency)手术。故选D。
答案:D
6. A. Thanks to B. Compared with
C. Apart from D. But for
解析:根据语境可知,前后表示逻辑上的因果关系,前因后果。thanks to多亏,符合语境。compare with与……比较;apart from除了……外;but for要不是。故选A。
答案:A
7. A. returned B. adopted
C. conveyed D. announced
解析:根据上文内容可知,病人得到了及时的治疗,故此处应是那个病人和他的家人对所有让路的司机表达了(conveyed)深深的感激。故选C。
答案:C
8. A. along B. together
C. over D. around
解析:根据空前的“on the way”可推知,此处表示救护车一路开过去。故选A。
答案:A
9. A. imagine B. calculate
C. evaluate D. realise
解析:根据语境可推知,此处表示他难以想象(imagine)他本应该花多长时间才能通过。故选A。
答案:A
10. A. easy B. serious
C. happy D. sorrowful
解析:根据语境可知,如果救护车被交通堵塞所耽误,那么车上需要急救的病人的情况将会变得很严重(serious)。故选B。
答案:B
11. A. touched B. surprised
C. annoyed D. interested
解析:根据前一句中的“kind”并结合语境可推知,救护车司机被人们的这种善举感动(touched)了。故选A。
答案:A
12. A. envy B. encouragement
C. admiration D. mercy
解析:根据空前的“expressed”以及下文中的“the milk of human kindness”可推知,网民们也表达了他们对司机们的敬佩(admiration)之情。故选C。
答案:C
13. A. enthusiastic B. negative
C. optimistic D. positive
解析:空前的“the milk of human kindness”意思是“人类的善良本性”,所以空格处与其并列,应该表示正能量。enthusiastic热情的;negative负面的,消极的;optimistic乐观的;positive积极的。故选D。
答案:D
14. A. recalled B. repeated
C. replied D. called
解析:根据空后的“Three years ago”可推知,此处表示另一位网友回忆起(recalled)过去的情况。故选A。
答案:A
15. A. aware B. proud
C. fond D. afraid
解析:根据上文的内容可知,本文是一篇正能量的故事,结合上文中的“a similar situation”可推知,此处表示为我们的城市感到自豪(proud)。故选B。
答案:B
PAGE
12单元素养评估卷(一)
时间:120分钟 分数:120分
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
(2021年1月·浙江卷)
More than 25 years ago, Saroo Brierley lived in rural (农村) India. One day, he played with his brother along the rail line and fell asleep. When he woke up and found himself alone, the 4-year-old decided his brother might be on the train he saw in front of him—so he got on.
That train took him a thousand miles across the country to a totally strange city. He lived on the streets, and then in an orphanage (孤儿院). There, he was adopted by an Australian family and flown to Tasmania.
As he writes in his new book, A Long Way Home, Brierley couldn’t help but wonder about his hometown back in India. He remembered landmarks, but since he didn’t know his town’s name, finding a small neighborhood in a vast country proved to be impossible.
Then he found a digital mapping program. He spent years searching for his hometown in the program’s satellite pictures. In 2011, he came across something familiar. He studied it and realized he was looking at a town’s central business district from a bird’s-eye view. He thought, “On the right-hand side you should see the three-platform train station”—and there it was. “And on the left-hand side you should see a big fountain”—and there it was. Everything just started to match.
When he stood in front of the house where he grew up as a child, he saw a lady standing in the entrance. “There’s something about me,” he thought—and it took him a few seconds but he finally remembered what she used to look like.
In an interview Brierley says, “My mother looked so much shorter than I remembered. But she came forth and walked forward, and I walked forward, and my feelings and tears and the chemical in my brain, you know, it was like a nuclear fusion (核聚变). I just didn’t know what to say, because I never thought seeing my mother would ever come true. And here I am, standing in front of her.”
21. Why was Brierley separated from his family about 25 years ago
A. He got on a train by mistake.
B. He got lost while playing in the street.
C. He was taken away by a foreigner.
D. He was adopted by an Australian family.
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“When he woke up and found himself alone, the 4-year-old decided his brother might be on the train he saw in front of him—so he got on.”以及第二段第一句“That train took him a thousand miles across the country to a totally strange city.” 可知,Brierley在25年前和家人分开,是因为他误上了火车。
答案:A
22. How did Brierley find his hometown
A. By analyzing old pictures.
B. By travelling all around India.
C. By studying digital maps.
D. By spreading his story via his book.
解析:细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Then he found a digital mapping program. He spent years searching for his hometown in the program’s satellite pictures.”以及“Everything just started to match.”可知,Brierley是通过研究数字地图找到家乡的。
答案:C
23. What does Brierley mainly talk about in the interview
A. His love for his mother.
B. His reunion with his mother.
C. His long way back home.
D. His memory of his hometown.
解析:推理判断题。通过文章最后一段可知,Brierley在采访中谈及了与母亲相见时的情景以及自己内心的感受,所以采访中他主要讲述了和母亲的团聚。
答案:B
B
The boy sat on his chair, with his hands above the keyboard. He thought about what to write.
He recalled that the competition deadline was merely a week away. But he still had not even started on his piece. He looked at the brochure again. “WRITING COMPETITION!” the title read. His mum had encouraged him to enter the writing competition, and now he was taking it on as his personal task for the holidays.
As the boy reflected on his previous writing efforts, he realised how hopeless his task of winning was. Every story he ever wrote was based on other stories. He had little imagination, and unfortunately, imagination was the key to writing.
Suddenly, he had a brainwave. This time, he came up with an original and imaginative story.
The words shot towards him like a storm of leaves. Words were coming easily, flowing through him, faster than he could type. He typed faster than he ever had before. He continued to type, amazed how easy writing this story was. The boy could not stop writing. He looked at the word count and saw the number “248” starting right back at him. He was not even halfway yet.
Then he heard his mother’s call of saying time for bed. He continued writing the piece, ignoring her. He had to make up for the time he had lost in thinking about a topic to write.
Finally, he finished. The word count now read “498”.
“Perfect,” he thought, “just under the word limit.” He knew this was the story that would win.
He went to the website and searched for the competition. He found the page but there was no “Enter” button.
Confused, he then re-read the page again. It read COMPETITION CLOSED.
24. What caused the boy to take part in the writing competition
A. A new computer.
B. The prize money.
C. His own interest.
D. His mum’s encouragement.
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段尾句“His mum had encouraged him to enter the writing competition, and now he was taking it on as his personal task for the holidays.”可知,他的妈妈鼓励他参加写作比赛,现在他把写作作为假期的个人任务。据此可知,他参加写作比赛是受他妈妈鼓励的。故选D。
答案:D
25. How did the boy finish his earlier writing
A. His mum helped him.
B. He copied others’ ideas.
C. His friends assisted him.
D. He used his imagination.
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Every story he ever wrote was based on other stories.”可知,他之前写的每一个故事都是以其他故事为基础。据此可知,以前写作时,他总是仿照别人的故事写。故选B。
答案:B
26. Why did the boy delay his writing
A. Because he was terribly lazy.
B. Because he didn’t know what to write.
C. Because he wasn’t confident.
D. Because he read too many stories.
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中的“He thought about what to write.”及第三段的内容可知,想象力是写作的关键,而他又缺乏想象力。另外,由于他不知道写什么,所以延误了写作时间。故选B。
答案:B
27. Which might be the maximum word limit for each entry
A. 100. B. 250.
C. 500. D. 1,000.
解析:推理判断题。根据第七段“Finally, he finished. The word count now read ‘498’.”可知,他写了498个词,终于完成了;结合第八段第一句“‘Perfect,’ he thought, ‘just under the word limit.’”可知,他认为太完美了,刚好少于限定的词数。据此可以判断,文章的最高限定词数可能为500。故选C。
答案:C
C
Australian adults want to see “life skills” introduced into school curriculums, including money management, job preparation and domestic tasks. New research from Monash University showed Aussie adults also widely supported the inclusion of technology, coding and artificial intelligence subjects in student curriculums to prepare them for future jobs.
Co-author Professor Neil Selwyn, from Monash’s new Education Futures think tank, said the survey results of more than 2,000 Australians had taken himself and Dr Deana Leahy by surprise. “The life skills—I wasn’t expecting that at all,” he said. Those quizzed were asked to rate the value of a list of subjects already in the curriculum, but were also given an open space to write what they think should be included. Prof. Selwyn said people called for schools to teach financial skills, budgeting, cooking and doing taxes. “You could argue that these are things people should be learning themselves, or learning from their families,” he said. “But we’ve got to be thinking forward in terms of the skills people will need for jobs and their ways of living.”
One respondent said schools should introduce a “contemporary life skills” subject: “A compulsory 1-hour a week class on skills needed that parents seem continually unable to teach their kids”. Suggestions for the class included résumé writing, filing tax returns and health claims. Another respondent called for students to be taught “general life skills” as unfortunately not enough kids will have parents to actually be bothered to educate them or simply parents don’t know themselves.
Of the subjects, maths was the highest ranked (75.5 percent), followed closely by English (74.8 percent). And while science was the third highest ranked subject (46.2 percent), it was more strongly supported by those who earned higher wages and were university-educated compared to lower income earners.
Aspects of school life considered least important were students having fun, learning about things that interested them and being given the opportunity to be creative.
28. Why did the adults suggest adding “life skills” to school curriculums
A. To vary school curriculums.
B. To enrich students’ school life.
C. To prepare students for future work and life.
D. To save parents the trouble of educating kids.
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“... Aussie adults also widely supported the inclusion of ... to prepare them for future jobs.”,并结合该段内容可知,澳大利亚成年人支持将“生活技能”引入学校课程,是为了让学生为他们未来的工作和生活做好准备。故选C。
答案:C
29. What did Prof. Selwyn think of the adults’ suggestions
A. Reasonable. B. Ridiculous.
C. Interesting. D. Impractical.
解析:推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But we’ve got to be thinking forward in terms of the skills people will need for jobs and their ways of living.”可推知,Selwyn教授认为成年人将“生活技能”引入学校课程的建议是合乎情理的。故选A。
答案:A
30. What does paragraph 3 focus on
A. Differences of school subjects.
B. Reasons for the school survey.
C. Opinions from the survey.
D. Investigations of the respondents.
解析:段落大意题。根据第三段第一句中的“One respondent said schools should introduce a ‘contemporary life skills’ subject”和第三句中的“Another respondent called for students to be taught ‘general life skills’”可知,第三段主要介绍了被调查者的观点。故选C。
答案:C
31. What can we know from the passage
A. The present curriculums are to adults’ taste.
B. Contemporary life skills involve résumé writing.
C. Students’ interests have been greatly promoted.
D. The parents quizzed think well of school life.
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句“One respondent said schools should introduce a ‘contemporary life skills’ subject ... included résumé writing, filing tax returns and health claims.”可知,当代生活技能包括写简历、提交纳税申报单和健康索赔。故选B。
答案:B
D
As we live longer and technology continues its rapid development, we can imagine a future where machines will enlarge our human abilities and help us make better life choices, from health to wealth. Through our dialogue and digital pieces, AI (artificial intelligence) will understand our life goals and wishes, our duties and limitations. It will help us plan different life events, so we can spend more time enjoying life’s moments.
The ability for AI to understand the complexities and slight differences of human conversation is, however, one hurdle. There are several thousand known living languages in the world today. Adding to the difficulties are the varied ways words are shared and used across different cultures, including grammar, levels of education and styles of the speakers. Google Duplex, the technology supporting Google Assistant, which places phone calls using a natural-sounding human voice instead of a robotic one, is an early attempt to address such challenges in human communications. But these are just initial whispers in voice of AI’s long journey.
Beyond making reservations and conducting simple dialogues, virtual assistants will need to become far more useful and further fit into the parts of our everyday lives. Not only will they need to foresee what we need before we ask, they also need to understand the context of our conversations and react accordingly. Imagine a snow day when school is canceled for the kids. Knowing that you must now stay at home with your children, your phone would remind you, asking if you’d like your meetings moved to the following day. Alternatively, imagine how much more pleasant your journey home from a business trip would be if your phone could automatically arrange for a ride waiting to pick you up at the airport, based on your travel plan, location, and habits. The possibilities are endless.
32. What do we know about AI
A. It stops us living longer.
B. It narrows our abilities.
C. It doesn’t know our limitations.
D. It helps us enjoy life better.
解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中“It will help us plan different life events, so we can spend more time enjoying life’s moments.(它将帮助我们计划不同的生活事件,所以我们可以花更多的时间享受生活时刻)”可知,人工智能帮助我们更好地享受生活。故选D。
答案:D
33. What makes it hard for AI to understand what humans say
A. Low level of speakers.
B. Imperfection of AI.
C. Varieties of languages and cultures.
D. Similarities between languages.
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中“The ability for AI to understand the complexities and slight differences of human conversation is, however, one hurdle. There are several thousand known living languages in the world today. Adding to the difficulties are the varied ways words are shared and used across different cultures, including grammar, levels of education and styles of the speakers.(然而,人工智能理解人类对话复杂性和细微差异的能力是一个障碍。世界上现存几千种语言。更加困难的是,不同文化之间共享和使用单词的方式各不相同,包括语法、教育水平和说话者的风格)”可知,语言和文化的多样性让人工智能很难理解人类说的话。故选C。
答案:C
34. Which word can best describe the author’s attitude towards AI
A. Doubtful. B. Approving.
C. Negative. D. Critical.
解析:推理判断题。根据第一段中“It will help us plan different life events, so we can spend more time enjoying life’s moments.(它将帮助我们计划不同的生活事件,所以我们可以花更多的时间享受生活时刻)”以及最后一段中“The possibilities are endless.(可能性是无限的)”并结合全文,作者一直在强调人工智能的优点,且对人工智能的未来充满期待。由此推知,作者是支持人工智能的。故选B。
答案:B
35. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage
A. AI Will Replace Humans
B. AI Will Set Goals for Us
C. AI Will Be Part of Our Daily Lives
D. AI Will Meet Challenges
解析:主旨大意题。根据第一段中“As we live longer and technology continues its rapid development, we can imagine a future where machines will enlarge our human abilities and help us make better life choices, from health to wealth. Through our dialogue and digital pieces, AI (artificial intelligence) will understand our life goals and wishes, our duties and limitations.(随着我们寿命的延长和技术的持续快速发展,我们可以想象未来,机器将提高我们人类的能力,从健康到财富等方面帮助我们做出更好的生活选择。通过我们的对话和数字产品,人工智能将了解我们的生活目标和愿望,我们的责任和限制)”可知,文章主要讲述了未来人工智能会给我们的生活带来很多便利,成为我们日常生活的一部分。由此可知,C选项“人工智能将成为我们日常生活的一部分”最适合做文章标题。故选C。
答案:C
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Can creativity be taught That’s a question without a simple yes or no answer. Creativity may not be able to be taught directly, but what you can get better at is frequently targeting at the circumstances of life which bring the greatest chances for true creative expression. 36. , but more like something that manifests(显现) itself inside those who learn to develop it and create the right conditions for it.
Limit your selection of tools to only the most vital. 37. . You’ll be sharper than someone who merely fights with a larger set of tools.
Learn how to be resourceful. 38. . Creativity is not just about creating something new but making old things work better as well. Think of crazy possibilities as well as practical ones. You might find inspiration for a workable solution in one of your ideas.
Don’t listen to feedback(反馈) and keep following your own path. The problem of asking for feedback is that the feedback will be given according to the person’s past experience. Others will unconsciously push you in a direction that they see as the best. 39. . Just don’t let criticism destroy your creativity during the creative process.
40. . Routines are positive if they strengthen a healthy creative consciousness and negative if they destroy that. The key is to discover a creative routine that puts you in a more creative mindset.
A. Creativity is not like a lightning strike
B. Having a routine is actually not a bad idea
C. You can literally do anything you like with them
D. Resourcefulness is about making the most of what you have to work with
E. The more limited your set of tools is, the more creative the output will be
F. This is done with good intentions, but it actually hurts your natural creativity
G. While breaking your routine once in a while to force new ways of thinking is good
36. 解析:根据空后的“but more like something that ... conditions for it”可知,空处和后面的句子构成一个“not ... but ...”句型。故选A。
答案:A
37. 解析:空前一句“Limit your selection of tools to only the most vital.”中的Limit, selection of tools与E项呼应。故选E。
答案:E
38. 解析:空前一句“Learn how to be resourceful.”中的“resourceful”和D项中的“Resourcefulness”相呼应。故选D。
答案:D
39. 解析:根据该段的主题句“Don’t listen to feedback and keep following your own path.”并结合空前一句“Others will unconsciously push you in a direction that they see as the best.”可知,其他人的反馈意图是好的,但会伤害你的创造力。故选F。
答案:F
40. 解析:根据文章的结构和空处所在的位置可知,空处为该段的主题句。本段主要讲的是有一个常规实际上不是一个坏主意。故选B。
答案:B
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In my childhood, there were no smartphones or computers. Still, I never felt bored. The field, 41 and woodlands around my home were the perfect playground. I can remember once hiking to a nearby 42 and walking slowly around it. At the back of it I was amazed to find an old dirt road that I had never seen before. It was full of muddy tyre tracks and deep woods bordered it on both sides, but 43 it still seemed like a fine adventure.
I 44 on and on for what seemed like hours. I was sure someone was 45 in my ears to ask me to turn around and head back home but I was 46 and even a bit stupid, so I walked on. There was still neither a car nor a house 47 . My legs were getting tired. I noticed that the sun was starting to go down and I grew 48 . I didn’t want to end up trapped on this road in the dark of night, and I was worried that it would be dark 49 I could make my way back to the lake again.
I continued to walk on with the fear growing inside of me. My heart was 50 and my legs were aching. When I turned one last corner and saw a house that I 51 , I jumped up and down and laughed out loud. I knew the way home! It was still over a mile away, but my legs felt like feathers. I 52 into the house with a big smile just in time for dinner. Then I ended my adventure with a good night’s sleep.
I remembered this recently when I saw a 53 that said, “All roads lead home.” This is true. I also remembered a sage(智者) compared life to a journey. Are we going to make this life a terrible trip or are we going to make the life a joyful one It 54 our own choice.
All roads no matter how they twist and turn, can 55 us home in our hearts. May you always walk your path with love! May you always help your fellow travellers along the way!
41. A. towns B. farms
C. hills D. villages
解析:结合该句“The field, 41 and woodlands around my home were the perfect playground.”可知,“我”家周围的田野、山地(hills)、树林都是完美的游乐场。故选C。
答案:C
42. A. lake B. farmhouse
C. forest D. highway
解析:根据该句中的“and walking slowly around it”,并结合第二段尾句中的“the lake”可以推断,“我”绕着附近的一个湖泊(lake)散步。故选A。
答案:A
43. A. appreciating B. refusing
C. introducing D. exploring
解析:根据上文中的“At the back of it I was amazed to find an old dirt road that I had never seen before.”可知,这条古旧的土路“我”从来没有看到过;结合该句“It was full of muddy tyre tracks and deep woods bordered it on both sides, but 43 it still seemed like a fine adventure.”可知,土路上满是泥泞的轮胎印迹,两边是森林,但探索(exploring)它仍然像是一次美妙的冒险。故选D。
答案:D
44. A. drove B. walked
C. flew D. rode
解析:根据上文中的“walking slowly”可知,“我”在湖边散步,据此可以推断“我”一直走(walked),似乎走了几个小时。下文中的“walked on”亦是提示。故选B。
答案:B
45. A. scolding B. whispering
C. singing D. waving
解析:根据该句中的“in my ears”,并结合全句内容可知,“我”确信有人在“我”的耳边低语(whispering)。故选B。
答案:B
46. A. stubborn B. desperate
C. sad D. anxious
解析:根据该句中的“and even a bit stupid, so I walked on”可推知,空处应和形容词stupid对应,故stubborn“固执的”符合语境。故选A。
答案:A
47. A. in order B. in comfort
C. in sight D. in need
解析:根据该句“There was still neither a car nor a house 47 .”,并结合上文的内容可知,“我”沿着一条古旧的土路一直走,仍然看(in sight)不到一辆车、一间房子。故选C。
答案:C
48. A. thrilled B. disappointed
C. astonished D. scared
解析:根据该句中的“I noticed that the sun was starting to go down”及常识可推知,“我”意识到太阳开始下山了,“我”感到害怕(scared)。故选D。
答案:D
49. A. though B. if
C. when D. before
解析:根据语境可知,“我”担心在“我”再次回到湖边之前(before)天会黑下来。故选D。
答案:D
50. A. beating B. sinking
C. blocking D. racing
解析:根据空前一句“I continued to walk on with the fear growing inside of me.”可知,“我”继续前进,心里越来越害怕。据此可以推断,“我”的心急速跳动着(racing),双腿隐隐作痛。故选D。
答案:D
51. A. owned B. overlooked
C. recognised D. defined
解析:根据该句中的“I jumped up and down and laughed out loud”可知,“我”欢呼雀跃,并笑出了声。据此可以推断,“我”认出(recognised)了这所房子。故选C。
答案:C
52. A. danced B. stormed
C. dragged D. jumped
解析:根据上文中的“I jumped up and down and laughed out loud”可知,看到认识的房子,“我”很兴奋;结合该句中的“with a big smile just in time for dinner”可推知,“我”蹦蹦跳跳(danced)地进了房子,刚好赶上吃晚饭。故选A。
答案:A
53. A. design B. signature
C. signal D. sign
解析: “我”看到一个标牌(sign),上面写着:“回家的路不止一条”。故选D。
答案:D
54. A. depends on B. decides on
C. deals with D. refers to
解析:这取决于(depends on)我们自己的选择。故选A。
答案:A
55. A. move B. urge
C. lead D. transport
解析:根据上文中的“All roads lead home.”可知,回家的路不止一条,道路不管怎样曲折,都能指引(lead)我们回家。故选C。
答案:C
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A new social robot has been introduced to the public at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore. The robot, 56. (call) Nadine, was built by a research team at the university.
Nadine has brown hair and human-like skin. She can talk and act like a human and she even has her own personality. The robot can show emotions, like anger and 57. (sad) and change into different moods, 58. (depend) on the topics she is talking about.
Nadine is the most advanced and human-like robot so far. She has built-in software that is similar to Apple’s Siri, which works on 59. iPhone. The new social robot has capabilities that have never been implemented in other robots so far. Nadine can not only remember people she 60. (meet) before, but she can recall things that she said at 61. (early) conversations as well.
Up to now, robots have been used widely in the manufacturing industry. However, more and more robots are being 62. (equip) with social functions. This could be important 63. our population becoming older. Working robots could be the solution to a decreasing workforce. On the other hand, such social robots could care for children or older people. They could play and talk with them or keep them company.
Currently, Nadine 64. (have) a job as a receptionist at the university, 65. she answers questions asked by students and other visitors.
56. 解析:分析该句结构可知,本句已有谓语动词“was built”,故空处需填非谓语动词;动词call和其逻辑主语The robot之间为动宾关系,故用其过去分词作后置定语。
答案:called
57. 解析:根据该句中的“anger and”可知,空处与名词“anger”对应,也应当用名词形式,故填形容词sad的名词形式sadness。
答案:sadness
58. 解析:分析该句结构以及全句的句意可知,空处要填的动词和谓语动词can show及change之间并不是并列关系,因此空处应填非谓语动词形式,用其-ing形式作状语。
答案:depending
59. 解析:iPhone为可数名词,再结合句意可知该处表示泛指,故填an。
答案:an
60. 解析:根据语境以及该句中的时间状语before可知,该句应用现在完成时。
答案:has met
61. 解析:根据句意可知,该处指“更早的交谈”,故用形容词的比较级。
答案:earlier
62. 解析:该句主语为robots,和动词equip之间为被动关系,故用被动语态;空处实际是考查现在进行时的被动语态,即“am/is/are+being+及物动词的过去分词”,故填equipped。
答案:equipped
63. 解析:分析该句结构可知,该句使用了with的复合结构,介词with的宾语是our population,动词-ing形式短语becoming older作with的宾语补足语。
答案:with
64. 解析:根据该句中的“Currently”可知,该句陈述的是现在的情况,应用一般现在时;且该句主语为Nadine,为单数形式,故谓语动词用单数,故填has。
答案:has
65. 解析:分析该句结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为the university,在从句中作地点状语,故用where来引导该从句。
答案:where
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,你校刚刚举办了一次全校合唱比赛(chorus contest)。请你为校报英文版写一篇报道,内容包括:
(1)时间、地点、参加人员;
(2)合唱主题;
(3)活动感想。
注意:词数应为80左右。
A Campus Chorus Contest
答案:
A Campus Chorus Contest
Last Friday witnessed a whole campus chorus contest “Beautiful Campus” in the school’s hall, which has sparked a growing love for singing.
Over 50 groups participated in the contest. They sang about the beauty of the campus with enthusiasm. Three hours later, the competition came to an end. Then, the winners were presented with prizes.
Most of the students think highly of this live singing competition, which provides a platform for them to explore the beauty of campus.
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A painter living by painting portraits(肖像) was leading a poor life.
One day, a woman came by. She liked the paintings very much and asked the painter to draw a portrait for her. They agreed on 2,000 dollars.
Before painting the portrait, the woman asked the painter to draw more jewels. The painter curiously asked why, but the woman refused to explain. After a week, the portrait was done and the woman came to take the painting. At this moment, she hit on an evil idea of bullying the unknown young artist. She thought, “The portrait is me. If I don’t buy the painting, nobody will buy it. Why should I pay so much money ” So the woman said to the young painter, “I will only pay 200 dollars for it.”
The young man was surprised, for he had never come across such an experience. He argued with her, expecting this woman to keep to the agreement.
“I can only pay 200 dollars to buy the painting,” the woman thought she would win for sure.
The young painter knew the woman broke her promise on purpose, so he felt annoyed. He said in a firm voice, “No, I would prefer to keep this painting rather than be humiliated(羞辱) by you. Today you break your word and some day you must pay 20 times for it.”
“What a joke! 20 times will be 40,000! I won’t be stupid to pay 40,000 dollars to buy the painting!”
“Well, we’d better wait and see,” the young artist shouted to the woman who left angrily. After the stimulation(刺激) of such an incident, the painter moved out of this sad place, studied under acknowledged teachers and worked hard day and night. More than a dozen years later, he finally started a new way and became popular in the circle of art. However, the woman had forgotten the artist’s painting and words the next day.
注意:
(1)续写词数应为150左右;
(2)请按如下格式作答。
One day, that famous painter decided to hold an art exhibition.
The woman went there hurriedly, apologised a million times and promised that she would buy her portrait as soon as possible.
答案:
One day, that famous painter decided to hold an art exhibition. Present in the exhibition hall were crowds of celebrities and artists. It was a feast in the circle of art. In the centre was a painting entitled “Thief”, priced at 40,000 dollars. Strangely enough, the woman in the painting looked just the same as the vain woman in reality. Word spread and finally it reached the woman’s ears. She recalled the incident and the painter. It dawned on her that the painter humiliated her in this way.
The woman went there hurriedly, apologised a million times and promised that she would buy her portrait as soon as possible. The successful painter turned his back to her, speechless. With many visitors around, so embarrassed was she that she stood there awkwardly, feeling the blood rush to her face. Then the painter turned around and handed her the portrait. Before the woman could pay, the painter explained that it was a gift for her, hoping she would be an honest woman without vanity. Anyway, for the painter, it was this incident that made him what he is today.
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Section Ⅳ Reading for Writing
写一篇科幻故事类记叙文
1. 通过阅读范文,总结归纳科幻记叙文的框架结构和常用的词汇及句式。
2. 根据具体情境,运用所掌握的关于科幻方面的词汇、句式和语篇知识写一篇科幻故事类记叙文。
下面是一篇科幻故事,仔细阅读,试着总结一下此类文章的结构并欣赏其语言特点。
答案:开头:时间、地点和人物 中间:故事发展的过程 结尾:结局
回顾本单元及以前学过的科幻故事类的记叙文或小说,总结一下此类文章常用的表达。
1. 词汇
前沿科技:
太空科技:
2. 句型
未来机器人:
未来生活:
科技进步:
答案:
1. 词汇
前沿科技:
cloning n. 克隆 technological innovation 科技创新
transplant n. & vt. 移植 new frontier 新领域
3D technology 3D技术 digital technology 数字技术 artificial intelligence 人工智能
test-tube baby 试管婴儿
GMF=genetically modified food 转基因食品
household robot 家用机器人
industrial robot 工业机器人
intelligent terminal 智能终端
太空科技:
telescope n. 望远镜 orbit n. (天体等的)运行轨道
rocket n. 火箭 airspace n. 领空,(某国的)空域
astronomy n. 天文学 space shuttle航天飞机
space station空间站
manned spaceship/spacecraft 载人飞船
unmanned spaceship/spacecraft 无人飞船
circle the moon 绕月 land on the moon 登月
return to the earth 返回地球
carry out scientific experiments开展科学实验
have access to space travel 能到太空旅游
explore space 探索太空
2. 句型
未来机器人:
Have you ever thought about the life with robots in the next 50 years
Robots may be everything except humans in the future.
Such robots used in our workshop are made in China.
未来生活:
We can imagine everything will be done easily and automatically.
It is hard to predict what exactly the future will be like, but to express imaginary ideas in our minds is another thing.
This is the life that I am looking forward to.
科技进步:
Science and technology lead the times and keep pace with the times.
It goes without saying that modern technology brings us convenience and comfort in life.
In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.
In this high-tech era, there is almost no distance between people.
根据下面的提示以“A Day of Life in 2040”为题,讲述你2040年一天的生活。内容要点如下:
1. 早上7点你醒了,你赶紧起床,因为9点钟在天津有一个重要会议。
2. 你让机器人去准备早饭,你自己去冲了个澡。冲完澡,早饭已做好了。
3. 你走出别墅(villa),一辆自动轿车接你去开会。时速380千米,路上很畅通。
4. 开完会,你觉得很累。你走出会议室,呼吸着新鲜的空气。多么美好的一天啊!
注意:词数80左右。开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
A Day of Life in 2040
It is seven o’clock in the morning when I wake up on April 4, 2040.
After the meeting I am tired. I walk out to breathe the fresh spring air. What a good day!
答案:
A Day of Life in 2040
It is seven o’clock in the morning when I wake up on April 4, 2040. I hurry up, for I have an important meeting at nine o’clock in Tianjin. I tell my robot to prepare breakfast, and I go to take a shower. When I come out of the bathroom, my breakfast is ready on the dining table.
At seven thirty, I walk out of my villa, and an
automatic car picks me up for the meeting. The traffic has changed beyond people’s imagination. You no longer have to worry about traffic jams or accidents. The car which is going at 380 kilometres an hour is all computer-programmed.
After the meeting I am tired. I walk out to breathe the fresh spring air. What a good day!
写完之后,同伴之间或者小组成员之间互换批改,找出习作中的不足或错误,然后再结合别人的反馈进行修改完善。批改的时候可以参考下表。
项目 角度 具体评价(结合习
作写出具体内容)
文章结构 是否结构清晰,思路流畅,符合科幻故事类记叙文的常用结构
主题词汇 是否充分有效运用了【素材积累】中的主题词汇(在右栏写出所用到的词汇)
主题句型 是否充分有效运用了【素材积累】中的主题句型(在右栏写出所用到的句型)
知识错误 单词拼写、语法错误等
其他不足
整体评价 ☆☆☆☆☆
在2080年的一个星期五你做饭的时候,发现一个小动物躺在锅里,它是一个外星人……从此,你们成了好朋友。请发挥想象,讲述这个故事。80词左右。
答案:
While cooking on a Friday in 2080, I find a little creature lying in the pot, seemingly dead. I touch it gently, only to find that it is breathing slightly. Suddenly, it opens its eyes, which just look like two big light bulbs with big black holes. Expressing a big smile, it stares at me with its body stretching quickly. Now it is flying out of the window, and it is an alien. He comes to the earth by chance.
From that day on, he often comes to see me and we become good friends.(共69张PPT)
UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION
本单元的主题语境是“人与社会”主题中的科幻作品。整个单元围绕“科幻作品”这一主题展开,探讨人与机器人的关系,谈论对机器人和人工智能的认识,探讨科学与科幻小说之间的关系等。本单元各板块的活动主题如下:
语篇类型 1. 记叙文:SATISFACTION GUARANTEED (Adapted), THE TIME MACHINE (Adapted), JOURNEY TO THE CENTRE OF THE EARTH。
2. 其他类型:图片、音频、视频等
语言知识 主题词汇 前沿科技:test out lever panel superior superior to explode jolt flip
科幻小说:fiction science fiction ridiculous absurd rumour pros and cons blurred hazy overstatement presume
人与外星人:saleswoman chairwoman salesman niece alien nail integrity dignity guilty stun inaction more like conflict with labour take over
工作及日常生活:bonus salary appointment dismiss declare fare weekly leather handkerchief flour venue ladder suspend lamp mud turn out puff urge have an urge to random
度量及测算:gramme inch division maximum pace calculate
其他词汇:whereas on a ... basis backwards grip fetch fall away
语法 复习被动语态
语篇 科幻文章的结构及特色
语言知识
语用 转变话题:
Oh, by the way, ... Oh, I remember, ... I nearly forgot! ...
What I meant to tell/ask you is ... ..., but (perhaps) that’s beside the point.
That reminds me of ... The next item on the agenda is ...
I think we ought to move on to ...
On the one hand ... On the other hand ...
Oh, there was something I meant to tell you.
Could I change the subject
文化知识 1. 了解科幻小说与未来人工智能等科技发展的关系,开阔视野。
2. 了解目前人工智能等科技发展的现状,热爱科学,树立正确的人生观、价值观
语言技能 1. 通过运用对比和比较来理解文章中两种不同事物间的异同;
2. 能够运用听力中的语篇标记词听懂听力内容;
3. 能够熟练运用常见的转变话题的英语表达方式;
4. 能够写一篇关于科幻方面的文章;
5. 能够根据文字介绍及图片预测视频内容
学习策略 1. 通过释义、同义词替换等方式构建词族、词汇语义网,扩大词汇量;
2. 通过观察、比较等手段,理解文章表达的主要信息;
3. 借助语篇标记词听懂听力中上下文的逻辑关系
Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking (1)
1. 阅读课文,梳理文章结构,提取语篇大意,并进一步梳理、整合文章细节信息。
2. 通过阅读训练,掌握利用对比和比较的方法理解文章信息的阅读技能。
3. 基于所读文本和听力材料思考人类与机器人的关系,发表个人观点。
Ⅰ. A. 在括号里写出黑体单词在句中的含义。
1. For me to think I’m any better than a homeless person on the street is ridiculous( ), for I am depressed.
2. I admire and work best with people who are of a good character and have integrity( ).
3. If you were wrong, admit it. You won’t lose dignity( ), but will gain respect.
4. I felt guilty( ) about not visiting my parents more often.
5. She claims she was unfairly dismissed( ) from her post.
6. The government has declared( ) a state of emergency.
B. 选出与黑体单词在句中含义对应的英语释义。
( )1. The girl went out to the working society, whereas the boy was overseas, continuing his studies.
( )2. Workers in big firms receive a substantial part of their pay in the form of bonuses and overtime.
( )3. There are a number of science fiction and fantasy novels I can recommend.
( )4. She made an appointment for her son to see the doctor.
( )5. Our company will provide broad development space and excellent salary and welfare.
A. a type of literature that describes imaginary people and events, not real ones
B. an extra amount of money that is added to a payment, especially to sb’s wages as a reward
C. money that employees receive for doing their job, especially professional employees or people working in an office, usually paid every month
D. a formal arrangement to meet or visit sb at a particular time, especially for a reason connected with their work
E. used to compare or contrast two facts
答案: A. 1. 荒谬的 2. 诚实正直 3. 尊严
4. 内疚的 5. 解雇 6. 宣布
B. 1~5 EBADC
Ⅱ. A. 短语含义匹配。
( )1. experiment with
( )2. or rather
( )3. test out
( )4. have an appointment
( )5. more like
( )6. be similar to
A. 检验;测试 B. 更像是;更接近
C. 以/用……做试验
D. 更确切地说
E. 预约;有一个约会
F. 与……相似
B. 根据汉语提示补全短语。
1. turn 转动;转身
2. all 毕竟
3. time 及时
4. more 比……多;超出
5. comparison 相比较而言
答案： A. 1~6 CDAEBF
B. 1. around 2. after 3. in 4. than 5. in
Ⅲ. 根据句意及汉语提示写出正确单词。
1. We have time and time again (宣布) that we will never be the first to use nuclear weapons.
2. They want a house, (然而) we would rather live in a flat.
3. Isn’t it (荒谬的) to plant crops and not weed the fields
4. I feel so (内疚的) and angry about the whole issue.
5. If you don’t concentrate more on your work, you’ll be
(解雇).
答案: 1. declared 2. whereas
3. absurd/ridiculous 4. guilty 5. dismissed 6. appointment 7. salary 8. dignity
6. I have an (预约) with the manager of that company in the evening.
7. He would not accept this job for such a small (薪水).
8. It’s difficult to preserve your (尊严) when you have no job and no home.
Ⅳ. 用方框中所给短语的正确形式填空。
more than, test out, experiment with, or rather,
turn around, after all, come up with, be similar to
1. He’s not to blame. , it was the first time he’d done it.
2. Do you know what this product is , what does it do
3. The model must be before you put the product on sale.
4. It took building supplies to construct these energy-saving houses. It took brains, too.
5. Scientists rats in order to discover facts about human behaviour.
6. Bud the truck , and started back for Dalton Pond.
7. As you can see, this example Tom’s, with some interesting differences.
8. We hope you can a plan better than this.
答案: 1. After all 2. Or rather 3. tested out
4. more than 5. experiment with
6. turned; around 7. is similar to
8. come up with
Ⅴ. 完成句子并背诵。
1. 我能不能约你星期一早晨见面呢
Could I you for Monday morning
2. 不止一个学生知道你的秘密。
one student about your secret.
3. 这样能使你以后再看笔记时更容易辨认些。
This makes your notes when you look at them later.
答案: 1. make/have/fix an appointment with
2. More than knows 3. easier to read
4. watching the stars 5. I go with him
4. 他们在那儿站了半小时,观察着天上的星星。
They stood there for half an hour, in the sky.
5. 贾斯廷建议我和他一起去一个安静的地方,在那里我们可以单独待着。
Justin suggested that to a quiet place where we could be alone.
Ⅵ. 背景知识阅读。
Modelled after a woman in her twenties, the android—called Geminoid F (the “F” stands for female)—has long black hair, soft silicone skin, and a set of lifelike teeth that allow her to produce a natural smile. According to the developers, the robot’s friendly and approachable appearance makes her suitable for receptionist work at sites such as museums. The researchers also plan to test her ability to put hospital patients at ease. The new Geminoid F can produce facial expressions more naturally than its predecessors. Geminoid F, using
mechanical actuators(驱动器) underneath her rubber “skin”, can smile, furrow her brows and move her mouth—although she often looks rather dazed. It can also talk and sing—playing recordings, or mouthing other people’s voices. Geminoid F was produced by Hiroshi Ishiguro, a renowned robot designer at Osaka University in Japan.
Activity 1: 学习理解
Step 1: Look at the title “SATISFACTION GUARANTEED” and skim the text and do the exercises.
1. The text mainly tells us .
A. the robot’s facial expression couldn’t change like people
B. the robot could do everything that man can
C. an experiment tested out by the household robot Tony
D. an experiment where a household robot was tested out
2. Match the following paragraphs with their main topics.
paras. 1-2 A. The process of the robot helping Claire.
paras. 3-8 B. The result of Claire living with the robot.
para. 9 C. Larry persuaded Claire to accept the robot that would be tested out.
答案: 1. D
2. paras. 1-2 C paras. 3-8 A para. 9 B
Step 2: Read the text and fill in the table below.
Title Satisfaction Guaranteed
Event A household robot was going to be 1. by Claire.
Process ·When she first saw the robot, she felt 2. .
·Claire thought it was 3. to be offered
4. by a robot.
·As a 5. , Tony helped Claire make herself more beautiful and her home more 6. .
·Tony gave Claire a new hairstyle and improved her
7. .
·He suggested that she 8. Gladys and her friends to the house.
Result Before the guests 9. , Tony took her in his arms, saying that he did not want to leave her the next day, and that he felt more than just the 10. to please her.
答案: 1. tested out 2. alarmed 3. ridiculous
4. sympathy 5. favour 6. elegant 7. makeup
8. invite 9. arrived 10. desire
Step 3:Read the text again and choose the best answers.
1. Larry brought a robot home to .
A. make his wife happy
B. test out the robot
C. send his wife a gift
D. free his wife from work
2. Why did Claire feel alarmed when she saw the robot
A. Because the robot was in fact not a machine.
B. Because she didn’t like him.
C. Because she had seen the robot before.
D. Because the robot was more like a human being than a machine.
3. Why did Claire buy the items from the shop
A. Because her husband was to return.
B. Because Tony was to leave.
C. Because Tony wanted the house transformed.
D. Because she thought she needed them.
4. The following statements show that Claire trusted Tony EXCEPT that .
A. she bought items that Tony listed
B. she told him that she envied Gladys for her richness and power
C. she told him her husband wanted to improve his social position
D. she helped Tony to beat the saleswoman who was rude to him
答案: 1. B 2. D 3. C 4. D
通过比较和对比理解文章信息
有些单词和短语经常被用来比较和对比信息。通过比较和对比,两种互不相干的事物的相似和不同之处理解起来会更容易。英语中表示比较的词汇有:like, more like, similarly, be similar to, in the same way ...;表示对比的词汇有:whereas, while, on the other hand, on the contrary, different from ...。了解和掌握这些表示比较和对比的词汇可以帮助我们准确、透彻地理解文意。
Activity 2: 应用实践
If you are Claire, what will you do after you hear Tony declare that he does not want to leave you, and that he feels more than just the desire to please you
答案: I will tell him that I am satisfied with what he did for me, but that human beings should not develop an emotional relationship with robots. I will send him back the next day.
Activity 3: 迁移创新
Write a passage to give your opinions on “love between humans and robots”.
答案:
I am afraid that some moral and social problems will surely arise if human beings develop emotional relationships with robots. For one thing, it will bring destruction to natural breeding rules, for robots can not give birth to a child, and for another thing, when human beings who fall in love with robots focus more on robots
than themselves, some mental crises will take place. And this will certainly destroy our harmonious society.
Reading and Thinking (2)
1. 通过观察例句,探究归纳以下词汇和句式的含义及用法:test out, appointment, declare, more than,“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,动词-ing形式短语作伴随状语,并在语境中灵活运用。
2. 运用所学主题词汇及相关句式对课文进行概要写作。
1. test out
【观察思考】
It was going to be tested out by Larry’s wife, Claire. (教材第2页)
机器人将由拉里的妻子克莱尔进行试用。
The long climb tested out our power of endurance.
长时间的攀登考验了我们的耐力。
It is proving hard to work out/figure out the value of the firms.
事实证明很难计算出这些公司的价值。
The moment I got home, I set out to do my homework.
我一到家就开始做作业。
What do you do with your shoes after you wear them out
当你把鞋子穿破后,你是怎么处理的
【探究总结】
(1)test out
(2)work out 计算出;想出(=figure )
(3)set out ; 动身;打算,试图
(4)wear 穿破;耗尽;使疲乏
答案: (1)检验;测试 (2)out (3)开始 (4)out
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
①He wished to test the item before selling it.
②He has achieved what he set out (do) three years ago.
③Before the race, he is fine. But afterwards he is
(wear) out.
答案:①out ②to do ③worn
2. appointment
【观察思考】
She had an appointment to paint her nails, then she went into an expensive clothes shop. (教材第2页)
她按预约去美甲后,走进了一家高档时装店。
I made/had/fixed an appointment with Tom to go there together again.
我和汤姆约定再次一起去那里。
He has promised that he will come back tomorrow. He will certainly not fail to keep an appointment!
他答应明天会回来,他一定不会失约的!
A punctual person is in the habit of doing a thing at the proper time and never breaks an appointment.
一个守时的人有在适当的时候做一件事的习惯,从不违约。
We appointed him as/to be chairman.
我们任命他为主席。
I was appointed to take charge of arranging all the activities on that day.
我被任命负责安排那天所有的活动。
【探究总结】
(1)appointment n. 预约;约会;委任
①make/have/fix an appointment sb 与某人约会/预约/约定(时间)
②keep/break an appointment
(2)appoint vt. 任命,委派;约定;指定
①appoint sb as/to be ...
②appoint sb to do sth
答案: (1)①with ②守/失约
(2)①任命某人为…… ②委派/任命某人去做某事
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
①Call his secretary and make an appointment him.
②I made a doctor’s (appoint) for you.
③I was appointed (be) manager of the company last week.
④Let’s appoint a day (have) dinner together.
答案: ①with ②appointment ③to be
④to have
3. declare
【观察思考】
She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day, and that he felt more than just the desire to please her. (教材第3页)
克莱尔听到托尼宣布说他次日并不想离开她,而且他心里的愿望不只是让她开心而已。
They declared against building a new bridge.
他们声明反对修建新桥。
Only a month earlier, Mr. Stenholm had declared for the tax cut.
就在一个月前,斯滕霍尔姆先生刚刚表示过赞成减税。
Police have declared war on drug dealers in the area.
警察已向这一地区的毒贩宣战。
The painting was declared to be a forgery.
这幅画被判定为赝品。
【探究总结】
declare vt. & vi. 表明;宣称;公布;声明
①declare that ...
②declare 声明赞成/反对
③declare war ... 向……宣战
④declare ... (to be) ...
答案: ①宣称,宣布 ②for/against ③on
④宣布……是……
【应用实践】
完成句子。
①他们声明反对政府的外交政策。
They the foreign policy of the government.
②医生最终宣布该男子死亡。
The doctor finally the man was dead.
③裁判宣布马丁为本场比赛的获胜者。
The judge Martin the winner of the match.
答案: ①declared against ②declared that
③declared to be
4. more than
【观察思考】
Kate was more than a teacher. She also did what she could to take care of her pupils.
凯特不仅仅是位教师,她还尽其所能地照顾她的学生。
More than 10 policemen showed up where the accident happened.
十多位警察出现在事故地点。
I was more than surprised to see a lion standing at the body.
看到一头狮子站在尸体旁边,我非常惊讶。
The beauty of the mountainous village is more than I can describe.
我难以描绘那个山村的美景。
So far more than one man has been dismissed.
到目前为止,不止一人被解雇了。
【探究总结】
(1)more than后接 词,意为“不只是,不仅仅是”。
(2)more than后接数词,意为“多于,超过”,相当于over。
(3)more than后接 词,意为“非常,十分”。
(4)more than后接从句,从句中常有情态动词can/could,意为“ ”。
(5)more than one意为“不止一个”,作主语时,谓语动词用
(单数/复数)形式。
答案: (1)名 (3)形容 (4)超过……所能 (5)单数
【应用实践】
(1)写出下列句中more than的汉语意思。
①The result was much more than( ) he imagined.
②In doing scientific experiments, one must be more than( ) careful with the instruments.
③She wishes to be treated as nothing more than( ) a common girl.
④The test takes more than( ) an hour.
(2)完成句子。
我的班里不止一个学生有智能手表。
one student a smartwatch in my class.
答案: (1)①超出……所能 ②非常 ③不仅仅
④多于,超过 (2)More than has
5. “make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构
【观察思考】
As a favour, Tony promised to help Claire make herself more beautiful and her home more elegant. (教材第2页)
作为一项恩惠,托尼答应帮助克莱尔,使她变得更漂亮些,也把她的家变得更雅致些。
The boss made them work day and night.
老板迫使他们日夜工作。
His parents managed to make him examined in the hospital.
他的父母设法让他在医院进行了检查。
Experience will make him a man.
经历会使他成为一个堂堂男子汉。
He turned me down, which made me at a loss.
他拒绝了我,这让我不知所措。
We make Li Lei monitor in our class.
我们推举李雷当我们的班长。
【探究总结】
make+宾语+宾语补足语(动词原形/动词-ed形式/形容词/名词/介词短语)
【名师点津】
make后接名词作宾语补足语时,若名词是独一无二的职位,如president、chairman、monitor、headmaster、manager、captain等,则该名词前不加任何冠词。
【应用实践】
(1)单句语法填空。
①Can you make yourself (understand) in Russian
②Nothing will make me (change) my mind.
(2)完成句子。
①我们任命他为我们足球队的队长。
We of our football team.
②我所需要的就是一个机会,让我证明钱并不能让我快乐。
All I want is a chance to prove money can’t .
答案: (1)①understood ②change
(2)①made him captain ②make me happy
6. 动词-ing形式短语作伴随状语
【观察思考】
Claire thanked Tony, telling him that he was a“dear”. (教材第2页)
克莱尔向托尼道谢,称托尼为“亲爱的”。
Hearing the news, they got excited.
听到这个消息,他们很兴奋。
The cup dropped to the ground, breaking into pieces.
杯子掉在地上,摔成了碎片。
Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake.
尽管告诉了他很多次,但他仍然重复着相同的错误。
【探究总结】
(1)动词-ing形式短语作伴随状语,表示伴随情况,所表示的动作与谓语动词动作 发生,且与句子的主语即逻辑主语是 关系。
(2)动词-ing形式短语作状语除了表示伴随以外,还可表示时间、结果、让步、条件、原因和方式等。
答案: (1)同时 主动
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
①When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed,
(tell) me stories till I fell asleep.
② (be) too old, he couldn’t walk that far.
③My cousin came to see me from the countryside,
(bring) me a full basket of fresh fruits.
④Her mother died, (leave) her with four younger brothers.
⑤Not (feel) well, he went to see the doctor.
答案: ①telling ②Being ③bringing ④leaving
⑤feeling
课文概要写作
根据课文内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要(尽可能多地运用本部分所学词汇和句式)。
答案:
Tony, a robot which was tested out by Claire and helped Claire a lot, was so perfect that Claire couldn’t help trusting him, and Tony also did not want to leave her. He felt more than just the desire to please her.(共28张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Discovering Useful Structures
1. 在语境中观察感知被动语态的构成、功能与意义。
2. 通过自主探究,总结被动语态的用法,体会英语语言的特点。
3. 通过多种形式和多层次的练习,能够熟练运用含有被动语态的句子进行口头和书面表达。
复习被动语态
一、被动语态的基本构成
【观察思考】
The children are asked to clean their room every day.
孩子们被要求每天都打扫他们自己的房间。
This kind of computer was made in that company last year.
这种电脑是那家公司去年生产的。
The work will be finished next month.
这项工作将于下月完成。
He asked by the same time next year what would be done.
他问明年的这个时候会做出什么东西。
I feel that not enough is being done to protect the local wildlife.
我觉得对当地野生动物的保护力度不够。
She was unaware that she was being filmed.
她不知道有人正在拍摄她。
In fact, those people have been promoted.
事实上,那些人已经升职了。
I received the sad news that he had been killed in a motorcycle accident.
我得知了一个不幸的消息,说他在一场摩托车事故中丧生。
【探究总结】
被动语态谓语动词的基本结构:
(1)一般现在时:am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词
(2)一般过去时:
(3)一般将来时:
(4)过去将来时:
(5)现在进行时:
(6)过去进行时:
(7)现在完成时:
(8)过去完成时:
答案: (2)was/were+及物动词的过去分词
(3)will/shall be+及物动词的过去分词
(4)would/should be+及物动词的过去分词
(5)am/is/are being+及物动词的过去分词
(6)was/were being+及物动词的过去分词
(7)have/has been+及物动词的过去分词
(8)had been+及物动词的过去分词
【应用实践】
用被动语态完成句子。
①明年每人的工资将增加五个百分点。
Everyone’s pay next year by 5%.
②这是这位女演员的表演第一次得到导演的认可。
It is the first time that the actress’ performance
by the director.
③这座房子很古老了。它是1950年建造的。
The house is quite old. It in 1950.
④我得乘出租车去上班,因为我的车正在修理厂修理。
I have to go to work by taxi because my car at the garage.
答案: ①will be increased ②has been recognised
③was built ④is being repaired
二、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题
【观察思考】
He was extremely disappointed to hear that he would not be given a doctor’s degree.
听到不能获得博士学位,他沮丧到了极点。
We saw him sitting there without doing anything.
→He was seen sitting there without doing anything.
我们看到他坐在那里什么也没做。
His words made me throw up.
→I was made to throw up by his words.
他的话令我作呕。
My father is telling me an interesting story now.
→An interesting story is being told to me by my father now.
→I’m being told an interesting story by my father now.
爸爸正在给我讲一个有趣的故事。
The old man was often laughed at.
那位老人经常受人嘲笑。
【探究总结】
(1)否定词not的位置:在第一个助动词或情态动词之后。
(2)主动句的谓语动词带有复合宾语,即宾语和宾语补足语时,应将宾语变成被动句的主语,而将 保留不动(这时的宾语补足语变为主语补足语)。在主动语态中,make、hear、see等词后接不定式要省略to,但转换为被动语态时,则不能省略to。
(3)带双宾语的动词作谓语的主动句转换为被动句时,可将表示物的直接宾语变为主语,用for或to引出表示人的间接宾语,或将表示人的 宾语变为主语。
(4)短语动词在主动结构中是不可分割的,在被动结构中也是如此,不可去掉后面的 。
答案: (2)宾语补足语 (3)间接 (4)介词或副词
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
①This time, he was made (face) the problem.
②The book bag is bought me by my mother.
③The children were looked very well in the school.
答案: ①to face ②for ③after
三、动词不定式的被动形式和用法
【观察思考】
It is a great honour for me to be invited to host the opening ceremony.
我很荣幸被邀请主持开幕式。
He is said to have been admitted to Tsinghua University.
据说,他已经被清华大学录取了。
【探究总结】
当动词不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,不定式一般要用被动形式。动词不定式的被动语态可分为一般式和完成式两种。
(1)不定式被动语态的一般式: ,它表示动词不定式的被动动作发生在谓语动作之后或同时发生。
(2)不定式被动语态的完成式: ,它表示不定式的被动动作发生在谓语动作之前。
答案: (1)to be done (2)to have been done
动词不定式被动语态的一般式要和其进行式区分开,后者的构成为:to be doing,它表示动词不定式的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,并强调动作的持续性和正在进行。如:
He pretended to be reading the text when the teacher came in.
当老师进来时,他假装正在读课文。
【应用实践】
用不定式的被动语态完成句子。
①似乎没有造成多大的损害。
No much harm seems
.
②能选上志愿者,真是一件荣耀的事情。
It is an honour as a volunteer.
③明年建成的机场将有助于促进这一地区的旅游业。
The airport next year will help promote tourism in this area.
答案: ①to have been done
②to be chosen
③to be completed
四、主动形式表示被动意义
(一)主动语态表示被动意义
【观察思考】
The pen writes smoothly. 这支钢笔写起来很流畅。
The cloth washes easily. 这种布料容易洗。
This film is really worth seeing.
这部电影的确值得看。
The old bridge is dangerous; it needs repairing.
这座旧桥很危险,需要修理了。
【探究总结】
(1)有些动词如read、write、clean、wash、iron、burn、draw、cook、keep、cut、open、sell等用作 (及物/不及物)动词且表示主语的某种属性时,常和副词well、easily、smoothly等连用,通常用主动结构表示被动含义。
(2)动词need、require、want及形容词worth后加动词-ing的主动形式表示 。
答案: (1)不及物 (2)被动意义
【应用实践】
(1)单句语法填空。
As we all know, the car (drive) easily.
(2)同义句替换。
We are told that the flowers need to be watered every day.
→We are told that the flowers need every day.
答案: (1)drives (2)watering
(二)动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义的情况
【观察思考】
The villager will show you the secret path to take.
这位村民将告诉你要走的秘密小道。
We still have many poor children to take care of.
我们仍有许多贫困儿童要去照管。
The water is not fit to drink, so hold out until we get to the shop.
这水不能喝,所以坚持住,直到我们到达商店。
The house is to let.
此房出租。
【探究总结】
(1)动词不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的
(主谓/动宾)关系,且句中出现了动作的逻辑主语时,不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。
(2)在“主语+be+形容词+不定式”句型中,形容词后跟不定式作状语,而句子的主语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时,常用不定式的
表达被动含义。这样的形容词常见的有:amusing、comfortable、dangerous、difficult、easy、fit、hard、important、impossible、interesting、nice、pleasant、funny等。
(3)某些动词,如blame、let(出租)等的不定式用在be后作
成分时,用主动形式表示被动意义。
答案: (1)动宾 (2)主动形式 (3)表语
【应用实践】
单句语法填空。
①We have four reading passages (complete) in the coming holiday.
②The old man found the computer was hard (operate).
答案: ①to complete ②to operateSection Ⅱ Discovering Useful Structures
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空。
1. His father thought it a great honour (invite) to the party.
2. Whether the wounded man can survive tonight or not remains
(observe).
3. I don’t think the sentence is easy (understand).
4. The play (produce) next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.
5. I need at least five stamps before my collection (complete).
6. It is the first time that he (bite) by a dog.
7. When they got home, they found that their house (break) into.
8. —Hi, Li Ping, can I use your computer for a while this afternoon
—Sorry. It (repair).
9. The flowers were so lovely that they (sell) out in no time.
10. My money (run) out. I must go to the bank to draw some of my savings out before I’ve none in hand.
答案:1. to be invited 2. to be observed
3. to understand 4. to be produced
5. is completed 6. has been bitten
7. had been broken 8. is being repaired
9. were sold 10. is running
Ⅱ. 完成句子。
1. 那位教授来到我校并受到师生们的热烈欢迎。
The professor came to our school and the teachers and students.
2. 汤姆很高兴得到出国的机会。
Tom is pleased the chance to go abroad.
3. 你能给我拿条长凳来坐吗
Would you bring me a bench
4. 在没有许可的情况下,我儿子不能使用电脑。
My son to use the computer without permission.
5. 据说,这本书已被译成了英语。
The book is said into English.
6. 刚才有人看见这个女人进了一家银行。
The woman a bank just now.
7. 你的故事和人们听说的一样。
Your story agrees with what already .
8. 这么好的天气被关在家里真是遗憾。
It’s a pity in the house in such fine weather.
答案:1. was welcomed by 2. to be given 3. to sit on
4. is not allowed 5. to have been translated
6. was seen to enter 7. has been heard 8. to be kept
Ⅲ. 句型转换。
1. We call maths the language of science. (改为被动语态)
Maths the language of science.
2. The teacher made the students copy the text. (改为被动语态)
The students copy the text.
3. They built a bridge between the two islands last year. (改为被动语态)
A bridge between the two islands last year.
4. A birthday party will be given tomorrow. (改为主动语态)
We a birthday party tomorrow.
5. John was seen to cross the street just now by someone. (改为主动语态)
Someone John the street just now.
答案:1. is called 2. were made to 3. was built
4. will give 5. saw cross
[提升测评]
Ⅳ. 语法填空。
You are driving on a stormy night. You pass by a bus stop and see three people 1. (wait) for the bus:·An elderly woman who is about 2. (die).·An old friend who once saved your life.·The perfect dream lover you’ve been dreaming about. Which one would you choose if there could only be one passenger in your car Should you save the elderly woman 3. the kind old friend You may never find your perfect dream lover again!
This question was used in a 4. (compete) for a single job. There were 200 applicants. The one who 5. (employ) finally responded, “I would give the car key to my friend and let 6. (he) take the elderly woman to hospital. Then I would stay behind and wait for the bus with my dream lover.”
7. an excellent answer it is! That is 8. (exact) what we say “think outside the box”. In other words, we need to think differently, creatively, or 9. a new perspective.
Sometimes, we get 10. (much) if we are able to give up our thought limitation. Never forget to “think outside the box”.
1. 解析:see sb doing sth看见某人正在做某事,动词 -ing形式作宾语补足语,故填waiting。
答案:waiting
2. 解析:be about to do sth将要做某事,故填to die。
答案:to die
3. 解析:本句句意为:你应该救那个老太太还是你善良的老朋友 此处表示选择,故填or。
答案:or
4. 解析:根据空前的a可知,需用动词compete的名词形式competition。
答案:competition
5. 解析:此处描述的是过去发生的事,故用一般过去时。主语The one与employ之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,故填was employed。
答案:was employed
6. 解析:空白处所填词作动词let的宾语,故用he的宾格him。
答案:him
7. 解析:本句符合以what开头的感叹句的构成,故填What。
答案:What
8. 解析:空白处所填词在句中修饰is,故填形容词exact的副词形式,即exactly。
答案:exactly
9. 解析:from a ... perspective是固定搭配,表示“从……的角度”,故填from。
答案:from
10. 解析:将放弃思维的局限和平常的做法相比较,应用比较级,故填more。
答案:more
Ⅴ. 完形填空。
It was two weeks before Christmas and my heart was full of joy and gratitude(感激). I had been employed at my new job for two months and I 1 it. One day, I walked through the door of the tall golden building 2 . Then a friend of mine took me to a corner. “People are being laid off!” she whispered. “Oh, I’m sure you’ll be 3 , though. They just hired(雇用) you.”
At 10:28 a.m., Henry, the hiring manager, called me to his office. He handed me some 4 to sign and then tried to explain that the order came from head office. I 5 as he explained. “I really appreciate that you hired me two months ago. I love this job. Thank you so much,” I said. Relieved, Henry rubbed his tired face and said, “The one thing I did not 6 to hear today was thank you.”
That night, as I pulled my 7 out of my purse, I noticed I had a voicemail. I listened to the message and could not 8 what I was hearing. Emma, the hiring manager of a different company, said that I was highly recommended(推荐) by my 9 manager. She said they had a(n) 10 that was perfect for me. Finally, she added, “Henry asked me to convey a(n) 11 to you: Anyone who can be so 12 as she is leaving a job should have a chance to find another job!”
I had always 13 “thank you” as little gifts that I give to others to brighten their day, gifts that are never returned. 14 , the day I was hired to a new job just 15 after being laid off, I knew that my gift of gratitude returned to me.
1. A. found B. loved
C. knew D. disliked
解析:根据第二段的“I love this job.”可知,作者热爱自己的新工作。故选B。
答案:B
2. A. proudly B. calmly
C. carefully D. seriously
解析:根据上文的“It was two weeks before Christmas and my heart was full of joy and gratitude.”及作者对新工作的热爱可知,作者自豪地走进那座高大的金色建筑的大门。故选A。
答案:A
3. A. fine B. successful
C. awful D. sorry
解析:根据空后的“though”及“They just hired you.”可知,作者的朋友认为作者不会被解雇,会没事的。故选A。
答案:A
4. A. photos B. bills
C. papers D. letters
解析:联系上文可知,公司在裁员,故作者被叫到人事部经理的办公室后,收到的应是一些待签的文件。故选C。
答案:C
5. A. nodded B. fell
C. sighed D. wept
解析:根据空后作者的话可知,作者热爱自己的工作,感谢公司雇用了她,故她对人事部经理的话表示理解,点头回应。故选A。
答案:A
6. A. worry B. expect
C. care D. want
解析:经理辞退员工,他当然是没有料到有人会跟他说谢谢。故选B。
答案:B
7. A. pen B. key
C. wallet D. phone
解析:根据空后的“I noticed I had a voicemail”可知,作者从包里拿出了手机。故选D。
答案:D
8. A. repeat B. hear
C. believe D. agree
解析:根据下文作者在辞退当天收到另一家公司的邀请可知,此处指作者不敢相信自己所听到的。故选C。
答案:C
9. A. former B. responsible
C. new D. stubborn
解析:根据下文的“Henry asked me to convey a(n) 11 to you”可知,是作者的前任人事部经理向这家公司推荐了她。故选A。
答案:A
10. A. company B. president
C. office D. position
解析:根据上下文可知,这家公司恰好有一个适合作者的职位。故选D。
答案:D
11. A. impression B. lesson
C. message D. idea
解析:根据空后的内容可知,此处指Henry想传达给作者一个信息。故选C。
答案:C
12. A. forgetful B. grateful
C. helpful D. joyful
解析:根据下文可知,作者即使被裁员了,依然心存感激。故选B。
答案:B
13. A. thought about B. talked about
C. thought of D. spoken of
解析:根据上文作者的言行可知,作者一直把“谢谢你”看作送给别人但不需要回报的礼物。think of ... as ...把……看作……。故选C。
答案:C
14. A. Besides B. Instead
C. Therefore D. However
解析:作者一直把“谢谢你”看作送给别人但不需要回报的礼物,但没想到自己的感恩之心竟回报给了自己,空前和空后内容存在转折关系。故选D。
答案:D
15. A. days B. hours
C. weeks D. minutes
解析:根据第三段的“That night”可知,作者是在失去工作几小时后又得到了新的工作。故选B。
答案:B
PAGE
10(共17张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Listening and Speaking
1. 通过听对科幻专家采访的听力材料,了解机器人的发展情况,提高通过语篇标记词理解材料的逻辑关系的听力技能。
2. 通过谈论机器人的相关对话活动,学会在对话过程中自然地转变话题,提高口语表达能力。
Ⅰ. 在括号里写出黑体部分在句中的含义。
1. They sat for hours debating the pros and cons( ) of setting up their own firm.
2. She suffered from dizziness and blurred( ) vision.
3. It cannot be questioned that the new method is superior( ) to the old one.
4. I am afraid it’s not possible for you to take over( ) the job.
5. We do not accept this as an excuse for government inaction( ).
6. The statements they gave to the police conflicted with( ) each other.
7. The company wants to keep down labour( ) costs.
8. I was just beginning to wonder( ) where you were.
9. I’m under instructions( ) to keep my speech short.
10. Agricultural research needs the most creative( ) minds and the newest skills
答案: 1. 事物的利与弊 2. 模糊不清的 3. 更好的
4. 接管;接手 5. 无行动;不采取措施
6. 与……冲突或抵触 7. 劳动 8. 想知道
9. 指示;命令 10. 创造(性)的
Ⅱ. 用方框中的句子补全对话。
A. I wonder whether you like her.
B. I think robots will be able to make life so much better for people.
C. Maybe they could also make wonderful dinners for parties.
D. Yes, that would be great.
E. I don’t like that idea. Maybe it’s best for us to do our own work—whether it’s good or not!
F. I guess my children would like a robot that does their homework for them!
G. Maybe you’ll have better luck next time.
Jack: 1. For example, nobody will need to do housework any more because the robot will do it for them.
Frank: 2. They could also tidy up the children’s bedrooms after they’ve gone to bed.
John: 3. I wonder whether you could have a robot follow your instructions, whether it is to make a sandwich or cut the grass.
Frank: 4.
Jack: I suppose mine would too. But in that case, how would you ever know if someone had done the homework by themselves
John: Yes, and if you had a really creative idea who’d believe that you’d created it
Jack: 5.
答案: 1~5 BCDFE
Ⅲ. 背景知识阅读。
Mining robots are designed to solve a number of problems currently facing the mining industry, including skill shortages, improving productivity from declining ore grades, and achieving environmental targets. Due to the risky nature of mining, the prevalence of autonomous, semi-autonomous, and tele-operated robots has greatly increased.
Drilling machines are now also available as autonomous robots. The Atlas Copco Rig Control System can autonomously execute a drilling plan on a drilling rig, moving the rig into position using GPS, set up the drill rig and drill down to specified depths.
Pre-listening: Look and say.
Look at the pictures on page 6 of the textbook and answer the following questions.
1. What can you see in the pictures
2. What benefits do you think they can bring if robots are used in the restaurant
3. What’s your favourite robot you want to get Why
答案: 1. Some robots.
2. They can solve the shortage of waiters. And the cost of waiters is saved. What’s more, they won’t be complained about because of bad attitude.
3. I want to get a robot that can help me to do homework because mum and dad often work overtime and go on business from time to time, and no one helps me with my homework.
While-listening: Listen and write.
Listen to the interview and finish Exercises 2 and 3 on page 6 of the textbook.
Post-listening: Speak and play.
1. (应用实践)Suppose you are the sci-fi expert and you have robots in your home. Please introduce the robots according to the notes you made during your listening.
2. (迁移创新)Fill in the blanks according to the situation, and role-play with your partner.
(Situation: A man and a woman are talking about cloning.)
M: There never seems to be enough of me to go around. ①
W: What are you saying
M: I read an article. It said scientists created a clone sheep. I had a dream last night about someone cloning me. And I could do so many things. One of me went to work. ②
W: It is strange to see you cooking dinner.
M: Very funny! But back to the science topic, it is amazing to see science advance so rapidly.
W: Now, they are studying how to copy human DNA. ③
M: You are right. But realistically, I like having only one of me. We already have a problem with overpopulation. ④
W: I must say, it all sounds interesting. ⑤
A. We may see two of you. B. I can’t imagine what they will think of next. C. The other stayed at home to clean the house and even cook dinner. D. I wish there could be another me. E. I don’t think we need to have two of everybody.
答案:2. ①~⑤ DCAEB
利用语篇标记词(Discourse Markers)理解听力材料
语篇标记词通过标记顺序、对比、观点、目的等来组织文本。这些标记词包括first, however, above all, in other words等。当听到这些表示逻辑关系的词汇时,一定要注意记笔记,这些词汇之后的内容一般就是答案区间。听记这些语篇标记词能帮助我们更好地理解材料的逻辑关系,从而更快、更准确地得出答案。
你知道by the way的含义和用法吗
①表示说话人要转入一个新的话题,意为“顺便问一下”。
e.g. Oh, by the way, have you heard from Bill lately
哦,顺便问一下,你最近收到比尔的来信了吗
②用by the way 来引入一个新话题,从表面看来,好像是顺便补充一点无关紧要的东西,但实际上可能会引出一个对说话者来说至关重要的事情。此时仍然意为“顺便问一下”。
e.g. By the way, do you think you could lend me $10
顺便问一下,你能借给我10美元吗
