句子成分
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文档简介
(共25张PPT)
巩固：
1 --I hear Mr. Zhang is going to Beijing for a meeting.
--Really Do you know when he______.
A leaves B is leaving C has left D left
2—Would you like to attend the party
--No, even if I____________.
A invite B invited
C am invited D will be invited
3—I am leaving now.
--______the lights.
A To turn off B Turn off C Turning off
B
C
B
句子的成分
Members of the Sentence
句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的。组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分，包括：主语、 谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。
主语
We study in No.1 Middle School.
The classroom is very clean.
Three plus five equals eight.
To teach them English is my job.
Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.
What I need is a good rest.
That the earth is round is known.
代词
名词
短语
to do不定式
doing
从句
We are quiet.
He has a toothache.
She looks well.
We study hard.
We have finished the job.
He can speak English.
谓 语
The Predicate
这些词后面是表语
1.表示状态的系动词：be、feel 感觉、keep保持、look、seem看上去、appear 看上去显得、smell 闻起来、sound 听起来、lie 躺、sit、stay保持、taste尝起来
2.表示转变或结果的连系动词
become、get（变得）、turn（变得）、come（成为）、go变得（往坏的方面）grow 长得、fall（变成）、prove（证明）
Her mother is a bank clerk.
Are you ready
Our country is getting stronger.
You look younger than before.
They are at home now.
My book is on the desk.
Everybody is here.
宾 语
The Object
在谓语之后。
All of us like him.
He’s playing soccer.
Can I ask some questions
She is playing the piano now.
He often helps me.
Lucy likes to sleep in the open air.
We enjoy living in China.
定 语
The Attribute
用来修饰名词或代词。
Guilin is a beautiful city.
China is a developing country.
He is our maths teacher.
His mother is teaching thirty students to study music.
Tom’s brother is a worker.
Who is the boy in the room
The man out is the only one who I know here.
Ex: 找出下列句中的定语
1) Yesterday the scientist made a report on the modern science.
2) Do you have anything more to say
3) Do you know the number of books ordered by the library.
状 语
The Adverbial
用来修饰动词、形容词或副词或整个句子，
Time travels quickly.
He has lived here for ten years.
I’m glad to see you.
He is in the room reading books.
When I came in, he was doing homework.
Ex: 找出下列句中的状语
1) I shall stay here for five months.
2) Wherever I am, I will be thinking of you.
补 语
英语中有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思，还必须在宾语后加上宾语补足语才能表达完整的意思。“宾语+宾语补足语”合称复合宾语。
I found it very difficult to find work.
Yesterday he got his leg broken.
We found Lily out when we arrived.
The boss kept them working all day.
Leave the door open.
英语五种基本句式
Question: 你认为划分句子成分时，应首先找出什么成分(主语/谓语/宾语/定语/状语)
1. 主谓结构（S+V）(说明：此句式中V是不及物动词vi)
Eg: The gas has given out.
Plants grow well all the year round.
Ex: 1) 他们听得很仔细。_____________________________________
2) 我的墨水用完了。_____________________________________
www. 礼物114
They listened very carefully.
My ink gave out.
www. 礼物1142. 主系表结构（S+V+P） 系动词常见的有: be, look, seem, appear, sound, feel, taste, smell, grow, get, stand, become, turn等)
Eg: He is older than he looks.
He seems interested in the book.
Ex: 完成句子：
1) 刘谦是个魔术师。Liu Qian ______a magician
2) 你长的比以前高了。You ______taller than before.
3) 花闻起来香甜。The flowers ________sweet and nice.
www. 礼物114
is
grow
smell
www. 礼物1143. 主谓宾结构（S+V+O） (说明：此句式中V是及物动词或短语，后面必须跟宾语)
Eg: I saw a film yesterday.
The man is looking for his own chair.
Have you read the story
Ex: 汉译英：
1) 他们在村里建了一座工厂。________________________________________
2) 你应当照看好你的孩子。______________________________________
www. 礼物114
They built a factory in the village.
You should look after your children.
www. 礼物1144. 主谓双宾语(间接宾语和直接宾语) 常见的跟双宾语的动词有give, ask, bring, offer, send, pay, lend, show, tell, borrow, buy, get, rob, warn等)
Eg: He gave me a book/a book to me.
Mother bought me a book/a book for me.
Ex: 改写句子(改为：主语+谓语+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语)：
1) He brought me a pen. _________________________________
2) Please do me a favor. __________________________________
www. 礼物114
He brought a pen to me.
Please do a favor for me.
www. 礼物1145. 主谓宾补结构(S+V+O+C) (V是带宾语补足语的及物动词，做补足语的词有名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，现在分词，过去分词等)
Eg: They made the girl angry.
They named the boy Charlie.
Ex: 完成句子
1）我发现他出去了。 I found her __________.
2）他们感觉汽车行驶的很快。 They felt the car ___________。
3) 我刚才听到玻璃碎了。 I heard the glass ___________ just now.
www. 礼物114
out
fast
broken
www. 礼物1146. There be句型
Eg: There is a book on the desk. There are too many people for me to talk with.
Ex: 汉译英：
1）屋子里有一张桌子两把椅子。_______________________________________
2) 没有必要那么匆忙去车站。__________________________________________
www. 礼物114
There is a desk and two chairs in the room.
There is no need to hurry to the station.
www. 礼物114
句子成分随堂练习
找出下列各句中所包含的句子成分
1) That boy likes football very much.
2) The girl stood there for a moment.
3) He is always the happiest student
of the whole class.
4) My father gave me five interesting books yesterday.
5) The teacher asked the students
to finish the work in time.
www. 礼物114
主 谓 宾 状
主 谓 状 状
主 系 状 定 表
定
主 谓 间宾 定 定
直宾 状
主 谓 宾 状
www. 礼物114
练习
练习
巩固：
1 --I hear Mr. Zhang is going to Beijing for a meeting.
--Really Do you know when he______.
A leaves B is leaving C has left D left
2—Would you like to attend the party
--No, even if I____________.
A invite B invited
C am invited D will be invited
3—I am leaving now.
--______the lights.
A To turn off B Turn off C Turning off
B
C
B
句子的成分
Members of the Sentence
句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的。组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分，包括：主语、 谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。
主语
We study in No.1 Middle School.
The classroom is very clean.
Three plus five equals eight.
To teach them English is my job.
Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.
What I need is a good rest.
That the earth is round is known.
代词
名词
短语
to do不定式
doing
从句
We are quiet.
He has a toothache.
She looks well.
We study hard.
We have finished the job.
He can speak English.
谓 语
The Predicate
这些词后面是表语
1.表示状态的系动词：be、feel 感觉、keep保持、look、seem看上去、appear 看上去显得、smell 闻起来、sound 听起来、lie 躺、sit、stay保持、taste尝起来
2.表示转变或结果的连系动词
become、get（变得）、turn（变得）、come（成为）、go变得（往坏的方面）grow 长得、fall（变成）、prove（证明）
Her mother is a bank clerk.
Are you ready
Our country is getting stronger.
You look younger than before.
They are at home now.
My book is on the desk.
Everybody is here.
宾 语
The Object
在谓语之后。
All of us like him.
He’s playing soccer.
Can I ask some questions
She is playing the piano now.
He often helps me.
Lucy likes to sleep in the open air.
We enjoy living in China.
定 语
The Attribute
用来修饰名词或代词。
Guilin is a beautiful city.
China is a developing country.
He is our maths teacher.
His mother is teaching thirty students to study music.
Tom’s brother is a worker.
Who is the boy in the room
The man out is the only one who I know here.
Ex: 找出下列句中的定语
1) Yesterday the scientist made a report on the modern science.
2) Do you have anything more to say
3) Do you know the number of books ordered by the library.
状 语
The Adverbial
用来修饰动词、形容词或副词或整个句子，
Time travels quickly.
He has lived here for ten years.
I’m glad to see you.
He is in the room reading books.
When I came in, he was doing homework.
Ex: 找出下列句中的状语
1) I shall stay here for five months.
2) Wherever I am, I will be thinking of you.
补 语
英语中有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思，还必须在宾语后加上宾语补足语才能表达完整的意思。“宾语+宾语补足语”合称复合宾语。
I found it very difficult to find work.
Yesterday he got his leg broken.
We found Lily out when we arrived.
The boss kept them working all day.
Leave the door open.
英语五种基本句式
Question: 你认为划分句子成分时，应首先找出什么成分(主语/谓语/宾语/定语/状语)
1. 主谓结构（S+V）(说明：此句式中V是不及物动词vi)
Eg: The gas has given out.
Plants grow well all the year round.
Ex: 1) 他们听得很仔细。_____________________________________
2) 我的墨水用完了。_____________________________________
www. 礼物114
They listened very carefully.
My ink gave out.
www. 礼物1142. 主系表结构（S+V+P） 系动词常见的有: be, look, seem, appear, sound, feel, taste, smell, grow, get, stand, become, turn等)
Eg: He is older than he looks.
He seems interested in the book.
Ex: 完成句子：
1) 刘谦是个魔术师。Liu Qian ______a magician
2) 你长的比以前高了。You ______taller than before.
3) 花闻起来香甜。The flowers ________sweet and nice.
www. 礼物114
is
grow
smell
www. 礼物1143. 主谓宾结构（S+V+O） (说明：此句式中V是及物动词或短语，后面必须跟宾语)
Eg: I saw a film yesterday.
The man is looking for his own chair.
Have you read the story
Ex: 汉译英：
1) 他们在村里建了一座工厂。________________________________________
2) 你应当照看好你的孩子。______________________________________
www. 礼物114
They built a factory in the village.
You should look after your children.
www. 礼物1144. 主谓双宾语(间接宾语和直接宾语) 常见的跟双宾语的动词有give, ask, bring, offer, send, pay, lend, show, tell, borrow, buy, get, rob, warn等)
Eg: He gave me a book/a book to me.
Mother bought me a book/a book for me.
Ex: 改写句子(改为：主语+谓语+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语)：
1) He brought me a pen. _________________________________
2) Please do me a favor. __________________________________
www. 礼物114
He brought a pen to me.
Please do a favor for me.
www. 礼物1145. 主谓宾补结构(S+V+O+C) (V是带宾语补足语的及物动词，做补足语的词有名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，现在分词，过去分词等)
Eg: They made the girl angry.
They named the boy Charlie.
Ex: 完成句子
1）我发现他出去了。 I found her __________.
2）他们感觉汽车行驶的很快。 They felt the car ___________。
3) 我刚才听到玻璃碎了。 I heard the glass ___________ just now.
www. 礼物114
out
fast
broken
www. 礼物1146. There be句型
Eg: There is a book on the desk. There are too many people for me to talk with.
Ex: 汉译英：
1）屋子里有一张桌子两把椅子。_______________________________________
2) 没有必要那么匆忙去车站。__________________________________________
www. 礼物114
There is a desk and two chairs in the room.
There is no need to hurry to the station.
www. 礼物114
句子成分随堂练习
找出下列各句中所包含的句子成分
1) That boy likes football very much.
2) The girl stood there for a moment.
3) He is always the happiest student
of the whole class.
4) My father gave me five interesting books yesterday.
5) The teacher asked the students
to finish the work in time.
www. 礼物114
主 谓 宾 状
主 谓 状 状
主 系 状 定 表
定
主 谓 间宾 定 定
直宾 状
主 谓 宾 状
www. 礼物114
练习
练习