2022届高考英语语法填空谓语动词与非谓语动词解题学案（无答案）

语法填空谓语动词与非谓语动词解题策略
课前准备：
一：阅读下面短文，根据语境写出所给单词的正确形式。
Task1:Fill in the blanks with proper forms of the given words.
Gold mask, bronze figure, bronze statue, Jade Cong, ivory carving…Such treasures 1 (bury) in the sacrificial pit（祭祀坑） have mesmerized(迷住） people for long. In 2021, the mysterious Sanxingdui will throw surprises again.
The mysterious three mounds(堆）of Sanxingdui
The unearthed cultural relics are full of possibilities and the name "Sanxingdui" itself is full of mystery. Sanxingdui site, located in Guanghan City, Sichuan Province, 2 （be) an ancient cultural site of Shu state, which 3 (date) back to 5,000 to 3,000 years. The three mounds are arranged in a straight line, like three stars in the night sky, thus the name Sanxingdui(Three-Star Piles). Archaeologists（考古学家） speculate(推测） that Sanxingdui could have been a walled city. Since it was destroyed by human activities, two wide gaps and three isolated mounds are visible.
Is Sanxingdui an alien civilization
The bronze mask with vertical eyes unearthed in 1986 has prominent eyes and two pointed ears. This has led to speculation among public that it could belong to aliens. Experts do not agree! According to Huayang Chronicles, "the Marquis（侯爵） of Shu, Cancong, whose eyes are prominent, became king." Cancong, the king of Shu, has "prominent eyes", but what do "prominent eyes" look like Scholars of all ages couldn't understand it until the bronze mask of Sanxingdui 4 ( unearth). Experts speculate that this is a "myth" 5 (associate) with the ancient Shu people about the characteristics of their ancestors. Since ancient times, Northwest Sichuan was severely iodine(碘） deficient（缺乏） and hyperthyroidism（甲亢） was common. The disease was characterized by prominent eyes.
Enjoy hot pot in Sanxingdui
It’s common knowledge that Sichuan people love hot pot very much. Was it popular in ancient Shu period Archaeologists believe so. A pottery tripod（三角） cooker unearthed in Sanxingdui 6 （divide）into two layers, the inside and the outside. It has its own tripod. The outer layer can hold water and things, and the foot can sit atop（在顶上） a fire. It is one of the origins of hot pot utensils.
The mysteries 7 （surround） Sanxingdui extend further. Strange and lovable cultural relics bring endless reverie（幻想） to people.
Thousands of years ago, did the pig from "angry bird" exist
What does the missing part of the golden mask look like
What is the relationship between the golden scepter of Sanxingdui and the scepter of Egyptian pharaoh
How could ancient Shu have so much ivory
“Is the hand of "Standing Bronze Giant" a selfie （自拍）stick
The exploration of Sanxingdui has been ongoing. The excavation（挖掘）, detection and analysis of cultural relics 8 （bring)light to some of the mysteries surrounding the site.
二：找出下列所给词汇中哪些是谓语动词形式哪些是非谓语动词形式。
Task2:Find the predicate verbs and the non-predicate verbs from the following verbs.
operating 2. to achieve 3.obtains 4.given 5.will be punished 6. to be solved 7. have elected 8.choose 9. chose 10 chosen
being constructed 12. are considering 13.having learned 14. can get 15. was thinking
三：完成课上练习task2和task3部分的真题练习。
学习过程Learning Process：
Ⅰ：导入 leading in
1.核对课前任务一答案，进入谓语非谓语主题。
Check the answers together while watching the video of introducing Sanxingdui.
Ⅱ：典型问题 Typical problems
一问：不会判断到底填谓语动词还是非谓语动词
二问：判断出来是谓语动词后，不能写对谓语动词的正确形式（无法判断出正确的时态、语态、人称和数）
三问：判断出来是非谓语动词后，无法判断非谓语动词的正确形式。
Ⅲ应对策略 Strategies of dealing with the problems
一问：不会判断到底填谓语动词还是非谓语动词
解题基本原则：句子必须有且只能有一个心脏，即谓语动词，如果需要用到其他的动词，要么①. 用连词连接形成新的句子，在新句子中充当谓语，要么②用非谓语动词形式
解题步骤： 1.识别谓语动词。Identify the forms of predicate verbs.
核对课前任务二答案，总结谓语动词形式有哪些？非谓语动词形式有哪些？Check the answers of Task 2before the class and learn to summarize the proper forms of Predicate verbs and non-predicate verbs.
2.观察下列句子找出句子中是否有谓语动词和连词，总结何时用谓语动词，何时用非谓语动词并将下面的思维导图补充完整。
Task1:Observe the following sentences and find if there are predicate verbs and conjunctions in the sentences and try to summarize whether to use predicate verbs or non-predicate verbs
The excavation（挖掘）, detection and analysis of cultural relics will bring（bring)light to some of the mysteries surrounding the site.
Scholars of all ages couldn't understand it until the bronze mask of Sanxingdui was unearthed ( unearth).
3.Such treasures buried (bury) in the sacrificial pit（祭祀坑） have mesmerized(迷住） people for long.
4.Experts speculate (推测）that this is a "myth" associated (associate) with the ancient Shu people about the characteristics of their ancestors.
总结Summary：
策略：
注意Attention：有时宾语从句连词或定语从句中充当宾语时会有连词省略情况，此时应根据语意关系判断出它们是一个从句。如：
Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene 64 （declare）she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business. (19年Ⅱ卷）
Irene said, “I don’t see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 66 （make）over the years. ”(19年Ⅱ卷）
练习 Practice:
1.It was raining lightly when I__61______(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. (15年Ⅰ卷）
2.A study of travelers_68_____________(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. （15年Ⅰ卷）
二问：判断出来是谓语动词后，不能写对谓语动词的正确形式（无法判断出正确的时态、语态、人称和数）
解题基本原则：谓语动词有时态、语态、人称和数的变化
解题策略：判断出谓语动词后，应三“思”而后行，一思时态二思语态三思人称和数
Task2:
It ___41___ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). （21甲卷）
2.In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 65 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief that populations are increasing. （19年Ⅰ卷）
3.Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 70 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. （19年Ⅰ卷）
总结：1.时态高频考察点： 时、 时、 时；时态可以通过
和 等方式确认。2.语态及人称和数要根据主语及句意进行判断，但绝不能忽略这一步。
常考时态及其标志性时间状语：
1.看到always, often, seldom, sometimes, usually，every day， once a week 等要用_____.
2. 看到yesterday, last night , the other day，years ago，just now，in+过去年份/年代/朝代，时间段+ago等要用_____.
3. 看到since+时间点, so far, up to now ,in/over/during the past/last few years, in recent years，recently, ever since等要用_____.
三问：判断出来是非谓语动词后，无法判断非谓语动词的正确形式。
解题原则：从真题考察方向出发来找解题策略。
Task3:
Minimize the impact of ___67___(visit)the place. （21年乙卷）
Activities there range from whale watching to hiking(远足)and accommodations aim ____70____(have) a low impact on the natural environment.（21年乙卷）
It is possible ___43___ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.（21年甲卷）
Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. （20年Ⅰ卷）
On the last day of our week-long stay，we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars， 70 ___ （listen）to musicians and meeting interesting locals. （19年Ⅲ卷）
They make great gifts and you see them many times 65 (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.（20年Ⅱ卷）
Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans 65 （retire） from her 36-year-old business. （19年Ⅱ卷）
总结：解题策略一：介词后用 。
解题策略二：动词（短语）后的非谓语动词形式根据 用法确定。
解题策略三：固定句式中的非谓语动词形式根据句型用法确定。
解题策略四：作目的状语时用 ; 其他情况下，作状语，基本会用逗号将提示词和主句隔开，找到主句主语，判断和主语之间是主动关系 就用 ，被动就用 .
解题策略五：作定语和宾补时，提示词前会有名词或代词，主要判定和 之间的关系，一般主动用 ，被动用 ,表示“将要...的，可...的”之意用 。
（考察宾补形式时，有时候是在考察动词用法，比如20年Ⅱ、Ⅲ卷中see 的用法，18年三卷的allow sb. to do sth,17年三卷的spend sth. (in) doing sth.,此时只需根据动词用法解题，无需分析句子结构）
Ⅳ总结Summary：
如何确定填谓语还是非谓语？
谓语动词形式如何判断？
非谓语动词形式如何判断？表为了做.....时 逗号隔开时 ；前有名词或代词时 。
V真题演练Homework：
2020 年全国卷I：1.The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) -- the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess -- 61 (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.
“This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it 67 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68 (construct).”
2020 年全国卷II :1..They represent the earth 63 (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
2.They are easy 68 (care) for and make great presents.
2020 年全国卷III 1. The artist was sure he would 63.___________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister, the old man laughed.
2.When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist,they smiled and
2
66._________ (point) down the river.
3.The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67.________ (find) the well-known painter.
4.And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 69._________ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.
2019 年全国卷I
1.Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive 64 (perform) consistently over a large area.
2.Scientists have responded by 67 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements.
2019全国卷II 1.A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 61 （be）Britain’s oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week.
2. When we got a call 68 （say）she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke.
2019年全国卷III 1.On our way to the house，it was raining so hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take 62 （get）there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
2.Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 65 （recommend）wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit.
2018·全国卷Ⅰ:1.You don't have to run fast or for long 62. (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 _____ (die) early by running.
While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it 64 _____ (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.
2018·全国卷Ⅱ 1.Since 2011,the country 61. (grow) more corn than rice.
2.Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice
64. (improve) water quality.
3. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government 68. (start) a soil-testing program that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011,fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
4. China's approach to protecting its environment while 70. (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
2018·全国卷Ⅲ 1. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 64 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel 65_________ (challenge).
2. True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69 (mean) me no real harm.
3.Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70 (stay) and watch.
2017全国Ⅰ1.When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.
2.Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
2017全国Ⅱ1.This included digging up the road, ____63___(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 64_the top.
2.Steam engines 65__(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 66 fairly(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.
3.Later, engineers 68___(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the tube.
2017全国Ⅲ 1.But unlike school friends ,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 ________ (rest).
2.Sarah 63 __________ (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year.
3.But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models wants 65_________ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.
4.But at the moment, school 69 ______ (come) first. (本篇应结合文章练习）
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