高三英语月考试题
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
GMT stands for Greenwhich Mean Time, which is actually an outdated idea that uses pre-1955 technology to determine time zones. The name was applied to timepieces that bore a 24-hour clock and a secondary hour hand, allowing travelers to keep track of time in two separate places.
GMT Watches in Short
GMT watches were made when jet airplanes came into common use, allowing people to move over many time zones extremely quickly. They were first made by Rolex and allowed individuals hopping across hours or days to keep track of what time it was where they were, and where they were going. These watches were elegant simplicity with dual hour hands that could keep wearers mentally in two places at once; avoiding calling home at 3am.
Breguet Hora Mundi
Thin Blue Line: The watch is often focused on simplicity rather than grace, but this kind seeks to break from that tradition. The amazing global background reminds you of the globes of a professor and the roman numerals call to mind ancient texts.
Casio Baby-G
Beginner’s Luck: Our most modest choice is generally kept for women or younger buyers. Though lean on price, the digital and analog combination along with broad color schemes make it a choice that doesn’t look nor operate as cheap as the price would have you believe.
Seiko Kinetic GMT
Motion Activated: Surprisingly easy to operate for a kinetic watch, the quartz movement is powered entirely by the motion of your body, yet won’t come unwound the second you touch the dial to set your additional hour hand. Ideal for long trips, it’s alive as long as you are.
Chopard L.U.C. Regulator
Golden Child: Styled after the clocks used by watchmakers to set their creations, the Regulator takes a little time to learn, since it splits up measurements all around the dial. Once mastered, it can be used as a basic stopwatch or minute-minder without needing any adjustment.
1. What were GMT Watches originally made for
A Determining time zones. B. Recording local time quickly.
C. Adapting to time differences. D. Calling home early in the morning.
2. How does Seiko Kinetic GMT work
A. By making use of body movement. B. By touching the dial to set the time.
C By counting roman numerals. D. By adjusting the second hand.
3. Which GMT is suitable for children
A. Breguet Hora Mundi. B. Casio Baby-G.
C. Seiko Kinetic GMT. D. Chopard L.U.C. Regulator.
B
In many of artist Liu Chang's digital art projects, she explores the deeper connections human beings have with nature and technology as a whole, and tries to use technology to remind people of the beauty, love and moment in life that we have and ignore in the digital world.
“When you leave, there will be no photo and no proof, but you were there, no doubt, and you can only embrace this flickering moment,” Liu said while expressing the reason behind not wanting photos taken in front of her interactive video installation, a project she named “Random Walker.”
On the other hand, Liu has truly incorporated the gift that technology has brought her. In “Nature and Algorithm,” she used algorithm in programming images of nature and landscape.
“Whether it’s nature, technology or us as human beings in between, the evolution that nature undergoes revolves around human beings, the two influencing each other symbiotically,” she said.
As her work is juxtaposing, it is also calming and aesthetically challenging, asking us to reexamine our relationships with nature and technology. Liu’s work not only makes us take interest in works that are visually attractive, but also encourages us to enjoy art from more dimensions.
This is perhaps how the era of big data and smartphones has shifted our attention and narrowed our views. For instance, when we go out for dinner but don’t take a picture, post it on Instagram, does it mean that this dinner didn’t happen This is also why I didn’t like photos to be taken at the exhibition of “Random Walker:” you cannot capture the moment by just taking a photo of it anyway. The best way to interact with the device in this project was to simply look at it. You could just stare and go into a long meditation.
4. What is the purpose of Liu Chang’s project “Random Walker”
A. To help people enjoy the beauty in life.
B. To remind people of the environmental problems.
C. To reexamine the relationship between humans and nature.
D. To show the importance of technology in environmental protection.
5. What would Liu Chang hate to see at the exhibition
A. That people watched her videos. B. That visitors took photos of her works.
C. That her friends brought her birthday gifts. D. That algorithm was used in digital art projects.
6. What does the underlined word "gift" in paragraph 3 refer to
A. Algorithm in photo making. B. The evolution of nature.
C. Digital exhibition. D. Natural landscape.
7. Which of the following statements is TRUE
A. Big data and smartphones change people’s view of nature.
B. We’d better not take photos while having dinner.
C. One can enjoy Liu’s works by taking photos.
D. Liu’s works are difficult to understand.
C
The United States Fish and Wildlife Service has identified 23 species it says are now extinct. Most of the species had been found in states in the southeastern U.S. Eleven species lived in Hawaii or Guam.
Perhaps the best-known species on the list is the ivory-billed woodpecker. There had been unconfirmed sightings of the bird over the past 20 years. That led to search operations in parts of Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi and Florida. But none of the woodpeckers were found.
Other species on the list had only been identified in the wild a few times and never seen again. One example is the flat pigtoe found in Alabama and Mississippi. In such cases, the species likely started disappearing shortly after being discovered.
In declaring a species extinct, the Fish and Wildlife Service removes it from its Endangered Species Act (ESA). The purpose of the ESA is to call attention to species with the greatest need for protection.
All 23 species were thought to have at least a small chance of survival when added to the ESA list. Only 11 species have been previously removed because of extinction in the nearly half-century since the ESA was signed into law.
The Fish and Wildlife Service warned that climate change, combined with other environmental pressures, could make such disappearances more common. As an example, it said nearly 3 billion birds have been lost in North America since 1970.
Cornell University bird biologist John Fitzpatrick is a leading figure in the hunt for the ivory-billed woodpecker. He told The Associated Press he thinks it was too early to declare the birds extinct. “Little is gained and much is lost,” he said of the declaration process.
Fitzpatrick led a 2005 study that claimed the woodpecker had been rediscovered in eastern Arkansas. He said removing a species from the ESA reduces public attention that is needed to help continue environmental protection efforts.
8. What do we know about the search operations in the four states
A. They had been working in the past 20 years.
B. They were conducted in the southeastern U.S.
C. They had found 23 species in Hawaii or Guam.
D. They had never found any ivory-billed woodpeckers.
9. Why is the flat pigtoe removed from the list of ESA
A. It is a mistake to add it to the list. B. The species has been out of danger.
C. The species has been declared extinct. D. It has been lost for nearly half a century.
10. What is the reason of the extinction of the 23 species
A. Climate change. B. Serious air pollution.
C. Humans’ hunting for meat. D. Breakdown of food chains.
11. What’s Fitzpatrick’s attitude towards the removal of the species from the list
A. Indifferent. B. Opposing. C. Supportive. D. Ambiguous.
D
Even before George Jetson attracted kids with his cartoon flying car, people dreamed of soaring above traffic jam. Inventors and businessmen have long tried and failed to make the dream a reality, but that may be changing.
Nearly a dozen companies around the globe, including some with deep pockets such as European aircraft maker Airbus, are competing to be the first to develop a new kind of aircraft that will enable people to glide above crowded roadways. A few of the aircraft under development are cars with wings that unfold for flight, but most aren't cars at all. Typically they take off and land vertically like helicopters.
It's no sure bet that flying-car dreams will turn into reality. There are many obstacles, including convincing regulators that the aircraft are safe, figuring out how to handle thousands of new low-flying aircraft over cities without accidents and developing batteries that will keep them flying long enough to be useful.
But businessmen are moving forward. They see a vast potential market for "air taxis" and personally owned small aircraft to transport people to city centers as urban areas grow more crowded and people spend more time on traffic.
"In as little as 10 years, products could be on the market that change urban travel for millions of people," said Zach Lovering, the leader of Airbus' project to develop an autonomous flying taxi called the Vahana. The name means the mount or vehicle of a Hindu deity.
Uber released a 98-page report in October making the business case for air taxis, which the company sees as the future of on-demand transportation. Uber doesn't have any plans to develop a flying car itself, but the online transportation network is advising several companies that have aircraft in the works.
"The role we want to play is as a catalyst for the entire industry," said Nikhil Goel, an Uber project manager for advanced programs.
12. What is the first paragraph mainly about
A. George Jetson’s cartoons. B. Serious traffic problems.
C. Present situation of flying cars. D. Changes in means of transportation.
13 What do we know about the aircraft of Airbus
A. They can take off and land on the road. B. They can be folded and kept in a pocket.
C. They can make people fly above the road. D. Most of them are cars with wings for flight.
14. Why are businessmen pushing forward the air taxi industry
A. New low-flying aircraft are safer than planes. B. They hate to spend time on crowded roads.
C They can sell more high-quality batteries. D. Flying cars will become very popular.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. What will be the future car like B. Can flying-car dreams come true
C. Will Uber develop flying-car business D. How can we manage the future transportation
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Don't worry about why the chicken crossed the road—the bigger question is whether it'll make it at all. ___16___ But that road risk has dropped because of the COVID pandemic.
When officials began issuing stay-at-home orders to slow the spread of COVID-19, Shilling and his colleagues quickly realized they were witnessing a novel experiment: ___17___
The answer is a lot of things, including fewer accidents and lower greenhouse gas emissions from cars. In their latest report, the researchers found that driving less has also led to a dramatic decrease in roadkills.
"___18___ As far as I'm aware, no other action has been taken since creation of the national parks."
The team documented about a third fewer kills in the four weeks following shutdowns. If such a slowdown persisted for a year, 27.000 large animals would be saved in just those three states.
___19___ Some populations in urban areas are at risk of local extinction, and vehicles are one of the top killers. However, in recent months, traffic deaths of mountain lions have dropped by 58 percent, revealing an important clue about how to save them.
People are now returning to the roads as stay-at-home orders are lifted. ___20___ "Yeah, I just say—everybody loves wildlife, you know—and if we can find a way to not kill them, it seems like everybody can line up behind that."
A. What happens when we all start driving way less
B. But Shilling hopes some of the lessons might stick.
C. It's a good idea to stay knowledgeable about the risks.
D. The idea is that most of the animals died a senseless death.
E. It's actually the largest protection action that the U.S. has ever taken.
F. In California, the researchers also looked specifically at mountain lions.
G. Every year, millions of animals get killed by vehicles in the U.S.
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Commuting has long been a problem for urban residents worldwide, especially for those living and working in big cities ___21___ Beijing, Shanghai, New York City and Tokyo. For commuters, ___22___ subways and traffic jams during rush hours are nothing short of a nightmare.
Forty years ago when I came to Beijing to work for China Daily, people had the same ___23___ as they have today, but for different reasons. ___24___ Beijing had just one subway line, Line One, which ___25___ a little more than 20 kilometers. And since it was the only subway in China, I was told that it was built more as an air raid shelter than a ___26___ of public transport.
On the ground, ___27___ were few and narrow but had little traffic, for there were no ___28___ cars in China four decades ago. Apart from buses and a few government cars, horse-pulled carriages that transported daily necessities also ___29___ the roads. And when a bus ____30____ came, it was more likely than not to be already ____31____, and one had to struggle to ____32____ it.
____33____, most people commuted by bicycles earning China the ____34____ of a "country of bikes". Each day, I pedaled for hours, commuting between dorm and office, ____35____ news conferences and interviewing people for the ____36____.
When I traveled on the subways of New York City, Tokyo and West Berlin in the 1980s, I was ____37____ by their spider-web-like network and ____38____ that China would one day have as fast, reliable and convenient a subway system.
Chinese cities, ____39____, have even better subway systems today. 40 Chinese cities have subways with more than 6,000 km of tracks while about a similar number of cities are building new ones. The subway today is the ____40____ mode of public transport in Beijing with nearly 10 million commuters using it on any working day.
21. A. as for B. above all C. by far D. such as
22. A. changeable B. crowded C. ordinary D. regular
23. A. videos B. excuses C. complaints D. references
24. A. At that time B. In the meantime C. From then on D. For the moment
25. A. covered B. expected C. included D. represented
26. A. window B. background C. trend D. means
27. A. streets B. carriages C. cinemas D. railways
28. A. expensive B. private C. various D. permanent
29. A. damaged B. occupied C. polluted D. required
30. A. eventually B. deliberately C. immediately D. sincerely
31. A. processed B. burned C. packed D. decorated
32. A. get on B. bring about C. come across D. point to
33. A. In any cases B. To my surprise C. By the way D. As a result
34. A. title B. time C. help D. chance
35. A. recording B. attending C. declaring D. selecting
36. A. stage performance B. news reports C. concrete evidence D. wedding ceremony
37. A. frightened B. amazed C. weighed D. surrounded
38. A. hoped B. announced C. consulted D. insisted
39 A. instead B. however C. perhaps D. somehow
40. A. simple B. cosy C. tiny D. top
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are many positive effects of technology on our lifestyles. One significant effect that technology ___41___ (cause) is the advancement in travel. Thanks to technological advances in engines, airplanes that run faster than sound can now fly faster, ___42___(mean) that it takes less time to transport goods across the world.
It makes trade between countries ___43___ (manage). Technology boosts economic growth across the board, and countries generate revenue through international trade. This leads to investment ___44___ (opportunity), better infrastructure, and skilled labour.
The one area we must give credit to technology for ___45___ (it) development in is in the world of sport and, in particular, online sports. One great example is NetBet Sport. It provides netizens with the opportunity ___46___ (bet) on their favourite sports. Thanks to technological advancement and global internet use.
Technology has also helped ___47___ the generation of efficient power. The technology uses energy ___48___ can get harnessed from sound sources such as solar rays and wind currents. The energy produced reduces the dependency on fossil fuels that ___49___ (use) to generate electricity. Fossil fuels have become exhausted in many regions ____50____ (globe). But technology has changed the situation by allowing people to develop their power from renewable sources.
The benefits of technology are vast, and the ability to use it is becoming more accessible.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I went to Thai-style restaurant for lunch with my sister. When we arrived at 1.40, we had to wait 20 minutes because they got our table ready. We ordered the chips as a side dish and they look delicious. But when we tasted them, they were overcooked and swim in oil so we left most of them. We expected a lot of more for $10!
When the waiter asked if anything was OK, we said we really didn't like chips and he said 'That's funny, I love them and that was it. He didn't offer us anything else or take them on our bill. Also, when we didn't leave a tip, he looked annoying.
I was really excited about visiting Vega, and the main were just fantastic, and the rest of the experience was really disappointing.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 你因骑车上学路上不慎摔伤，近两周内不能去上课。请给班主任胡老师写封邮件，告假两周。内容包括：
1. 陈述请假事由；
2. 请求延迟下周作业交付。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已为你写好。
Dear Mr. Hu,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you for your understanding.2022届山西省吕梁第三中学高三上学期第一次月考英语试题
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
GMT stands for Greenwhich Mean Time, which is actually an outdated idea that uses pre-1955 technology to determine time zones. The name was applied to timepieces that bore a 24-hour clock and a secondary hour hand, allowing travelers to keep track of time in two separate places.
GMT Watches in Short
GMT watches were made when jet airplanes came into common use, allowing people to move over many time zones extremely quickly. They were first made by Rolex and allowed individuals hopping across hours or days to keep track of what time it was where they were, and where they were going. These watches were elegant simplicity with dual hour hands that could keep wearers mentally in two places at once; avoiding calling home at 3am.
Breguet Hora Mundi
Thin Blue Line: The watch is often focused on simplicity rather than grace, but this kind seeks to break from that tradition. The amazing global background reminds you of the globes of a professor and the roman numerals call to mind ancient texts.
Casio Baby-G
Beginner’s Luck: Our most modest choice is generally kept for women or younger buyers. Though lean on price, the digital and analog combination along with broad color schemes make it a choice that doesn’t look nor operate as cheap as the price would have you believe.
Seiko Kinetic GMT
Motion Activated: Surprisingly easy to operate for a kinetic watch, the quartz movement is powered entirely by the motion of your body, yet won’t come unwound the second you touch the dial to set your additional hour hand. Ideal for long trips, it’s alive as long as you are.
Chopard L.U.C. Regulator
Golden Child: Styled after the clocks used by watchmakers to set their creations, the Regulator takes a little time to learn, since it splits up measurements all around the dial. Once mastered, it can be used as a basic stopwatch or minute-minder without needing any adjustment.
1. What were GMT Watches originally made for
A. Determining time zones. B. Recording local time quickly.
C. Adapting to time differences. D. Calling home early in the morning.
2. How does Seiko Kinetic GMT work
A. By making use of body movement. B. By touching the dial to set the time.
C. By counting roman numerals. D. By adjusting the second hand.
3. Which GMT is suitable for children
A Breguet Hora Mundi. B. Casio Baby-G.
C. Seiko Kinetic GMT. D. Chopard L.U.C. Regulator.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了五款GMT手表的情况和特色。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“GMT stands for Greenwhich Mean Time, which is actually an outdated idea that uses pre-1955 technology to determine time zones. The name was applied to timepieces that bore a 24-hour clock and a secondary hour hand, allowing travelers to keep track of time in two separate places.(格林尼治标准时间是指格林尼治标准时间，它实际上是一种使用1955年以前的技术来确定时区的过时观念。这个名字适用于带有24小时时钟和副时针的钟表，使旅行者可以在两个不同的地方记录时间)”可知，GMT手表最初是适应时差而制造的。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Motion Activated: Surprisingly easy to operate for a kinetic watch, the quartz movement is powered entirely by the motion of your body, yet won’t come unwound the second you touch the dial to set your additional hour hand. Ideal for long trips, it’s alive as long as you are.(运动激活型：运动手表的操作非常简单，石英机芯完全由你的身体运动提供动力，但不会在你触碰表盘设置额外的时针时松开发条。 理想的长途旅行，只要你活着，它就活着)”可知，Seiko Kinetic GMT通过利用身体运动来运作。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Casio Baby-G部分“Our most modest choice is generally kept for women or younger buyers. Though lean on price, the digital and analog combination along with broad color schemes make it a choice that doesn’t look nor operate as cheap as the price would have you believe.(我们最适度的选择通常是留给女性或年轻买家的。虽然价格有所保留，但数字和模拟组合以及广泛的配色方案使它成为一个选择，看起来或操作都不会让你相信价格是那样的便宜)”可知，Casio Baby-G适合儿童。故选B。
B
In many of artist Liu Chang's digital art projects, she explores the deeper connections human beings have with nature and technology as a whole, and tries to use technology to remind people of the beauty, love and moment in life that we have and ignore in the digital world.
“When you leave, there will be no photo and no proof, but you were there, no doubt, and you can only embrace this flickering moment,” Liu said while expressing the reason behind not wanting photos taken in front of her interactive video installation, a project she named “Random Walker.”
On the other hand, Liu has truly incorporated the gift that technology has brought her. In “Nature and Algorithm,” she used algorithm in programming images of nature and landscape.
“Whether it’s nature, technology or us as human beings in between, the evolution that nature undergoes revolves around human beings, the two influencing each other symbiotically,” she said.
As her work is juxtaposing, it is also calming and aesthetically challenging, asking us to reexamine our relationships with nature and technology. Liu’s work not only makes us take interest in works that are visually attractive, but also encourages us to enjoy art from more dimensions.
This is perhaps how the era of big data and smartphones has shifted our attention and narrowed our views. For instance, when we go out for dinner but don’t take a picture, post it on Instagram, does it mean that this dinner didn’t happen This is also why I didn’t like photos to be taken at the exhibition of “Random Walker:” you cannot capture the moment by just taking a photo of it anyway. The best way to interact with the device in this project was to simply look at it. You could just stare and go into a long meditation.
4. What is the purpose of Liu Chang’s project “Random Walker”
A. To help people enjoy the beauty in life.
B. To remind people of the environmental problems.
C To reexamine the relationship between humans and nature.
D. To show the importance of technology in environmental protection.
5. What would Liu Chang hate to see at the exhibition
A. That people watched her videos. B. That visitors took photos of her works.
C. That her friends brought her birthday gifts. D. That algorithm was used in digital art projects.
6. What does the underlined word "gift" in paragraph 3 refer to
A. Algorithm in photo making. B. The evolution of nature.
C. Digital exhibition. D. Natural landscape.
7. Which of the following statements is TRUE
A. Big data and smartphones change people’s view of nature.
B. We’d better not take photos while having dinner.
C. One can enjoy Liu’s works by taking photos.
D. Liu’s works are difficult to understand.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了艺术家刘畅通过数字艺术项目，试图用技术来提醒人们在数字世界中我们所拥有和忽略的生活中的美、爱和时刻。说明了她对这一项目的一些看法和其作品的一些特点。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“In many of artist Liu Chang's digital art projects, she explores the deeper connections human beings have with nature and technology as a whole, and tries to use technology to remind people of the beauty, love and moment in life that we have and ignore in the digital world. (在艺术家刘畅的许多数字艺术项目中，她探索了人类与自然和技术整体的更深层次的联系，并试图用技术来提醒人们在数字世界中我们所拥有和忽略的生活中的美、爱和时刻)”可知，刘畅的“随机行者”项目的目的是帮助人们享受生活中的美。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“This is also why I didn’t like photos to be taken at the exhibition of “Random Walker:” you cannot capture the moment by just taking a photo of it anyway.(这也是为什么我不喜欢在“随机行者”展览上拍照的原因：无论如何，你不能仅仅通过拍照来捕捉瞬间)”可知，刘畅在展览会上最讨厌看到的是参观者给她的作品拍照。故选B。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“In “Nature and Algorithm,” she used algorithm in programming images of nature and landscape.”可知，刘畅利用《自然与算法》中，用算法对自然和景观的图像进行编程，并且将这种照片制作中的算法运用到了作品当中。故画线词指的是“照片制作中的算法”。故选A。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“As her work is juxtaposing, it is also calming and aesthetically challenging, asking us to reexamine our relationships with nature and technology. Liu’s work not only makes us take interest in works that are visually attractive, but also encourages us to enjoy art from more dimensions. (由于她的作品是并置的，它也是平静的和美学上的挑战，要求我们重新审视我们与自然和技术的关系。刘的作品不仅让我们对视觉上有吸引力的作品产生兴趣，也鼓励我们从更多的维度去欣赏艺术)”以及最后一段中“The best way to interact with the device in this project was to simply look at it. You could just stare and go into a long meditation.(在这个项目中，与设备互动的最好方式就是简单地看它。你可以只是盯着看，然后进行长时间的冥想)”可知，D选项“刘的作品很难理解”正确。故选D。
C
The United States Fish and Wildlife Service has identified 23 species it says are now extinct. Most of the species had been found in states in the southeastern U.S. Eleven species lived in Hawaii or Guam.
Perhaps the best-known species on the list is the ivory-billed woodpecker. There had been unconfirmed sightings of the bird over the past 20 years. That led to search operations in parts of Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi and Florida. But none of the woodpeckers were found.
Other species on the list had only been identified in the wild a few times and never seen again. One example is the flat pigtoe found in Alabama and Mississippi. In such cases, the species likely started disappearing shortly after being discovered.
In declaring a species extinct, the Fish and Wildlife Service removes it from its Endangered Species Act (ESA). The purpose of the ESA is to call attention to species with the greatest need for protection.
All 23 species were thought to have at least a small chance of survival when added to the ESA list. Only 11 species have been previously removed because of extinction in the nearly half-century since the ESA was signed into law.
The Fish and Wildlife Service warned that climate change, combined with other environmental pressures, could make such disappearances more common. As an example, it said nearly 3 billion birds have been lost in North America since 1970.
Cornell University bird biologist John Fitzpatrick is a leading figure in the hunt for the ivory-billed woodpecker. He told The Associated Press he thinks it was too early to declare the birds extinct. “Little is gained and much is lost,” he said of the declaration process.
Fitzpatrick led a 2005 study that claimed the woodpecker had been rediscovered in eastern Arkansas. He said removing a species from the ESA reduces public attention that is needed to help continue environmental protection efforts.
8. What do we know about the search operations in the four states
A. They had been working in the past 20 years.
B. They were conducted in the southeastern U.S.
C. They had found 23 species in Hawaii or Guam.
D. They had never found any ivory-billed woodpeckers.
9. Why is the flat pigtoe removed from the list of ESA
A. It is a mistake to add it to the list. B. The species has been out of danger.
C. The species has been declared extinct. D. It has been lost for nearly half a century.
10. What is the reason of the extinction of the 23 species
A. Climate change. B. Serious air pollution.
C. Humans’ hunting for meat. D. Breakdown of food chains.
11. What’s Fitzpatrick’s attitude towards the removal of the species from the list
A. Indifferent. B. Opposing. C. Supportive. D. Ambiguous.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了美国鱼类和野生动物管理局已经确认了23个现已灭绝的物种，且在宣布一种物种灭绝时，鱼类和野生动物管理局将其从《濒危物种法案》中移除。说明了这些物种灭绝的原因以及人们对把濒危物种从《濒危物种法案》中除名的看法。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Perhaps the best-known species on the list is the ivory-billed woodpecker. There had been unconfirmed sightings of the bird over the past 20 years. That led to search operations in parts of Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi and Florida. But none of the woodpeckers were found.(也许名单上最著名的物种是象牙嘴啄木鸟。在过去的20年里，一直有未经证实的目击到这种鸟。这导致了阿肯色州、路易斯安那州、密西西比州和佛罗里达州部分地区的搜索行动。但是没有发现这种啄木鸟)”可知，这四个州的搜索行动从来没有发现任何象牙喙啄木鸟。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Other species on the list had only been identified in the wild a few times and never seen again. One example is the flat pigtoe found in Alabama and Mississippi. In such cases, the species likely started disappearing shortly after being discovered.(名单上的其他物种只在野外被发现过几次，再也没有见过。阿拉巴马州和密西西比州发现的扁平猪趾就是一个例子。在这种情况下，该物种可能在被发现后不久就开始消失)”以及第四段中“In declaring a species extinct, the Fish and Wildlife Service removes it from its Endangered Species Act (ESA).(在宣布一种物种灭绝时，鱼类和野生动物管理局将其从《濒危物种法案》中移除)”可知，扁平猪趾被从ESA的名单上删除是因为该物种已被宣布灭绝。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“The Fish and Wildlife Service warned that climate change, combined with other environmental pressures, could make such disappearances more common.(鱼类和野生动物管理局警告说，气候变化，加上其他环境压力，可能会使这种灭绝更加普遍)”可知，这23个物种灭绝的原因是气候变化。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Cornell University bird biologist John Fitzpatrick is a leading figure in the hunt for the ivory-billed woodpecker. He told The Associated Press he thinks it was too early to declare the birds extinct. “Little is gained and much is lost,” he said of the declaration process. (康奈尔大学鸟类生物学家John Fitzpatrick是研究象牙喙啄木鸟的领军人物。他告诉美联社，他认为现在宣布这种鸟类灭绝还为时过早。“得到的很少，失去的很多”他在谈到申报过程时说)”可推知，Fitzpatrick对将该物种从名单中删除持反对态度。故选B。
D
Even before George Jetson attracted kids with his cartoon flying car, people dreamed of soaring above traffic jam. Inventors and businessmen have long tried and failed to make the dream a reality, but that may be changing.
Nearly a dozen companies around the globe, including some with deep pockets such as European aircraft maker Airbus, are competing to be the first to develop a new kind of aircraft that will enable people to glide above crowded roadways. A few of the aircraft under development are cars with wings that unfold for flight, but most aren't cars at all. Typically they take off and land vertically like helicopters.
It's no sure bet that flying-car dreams will turn into reality. There are many obstacles, including convincing regulators that the aircraft are safe, figuring out how to handle thousands of new low-flying aircraft over cities without accidents and developing batteries that will keep them flying long enough to be useful.
But businessmen are moving forward. They see a vast potential market for "air taxis" and personally owned small aircraft to transport people to city centers as urban areas grow more crowded and people spend more time on traffic.
"In as little as 10 years, products could be on the market that change urban travel for millions of people," said Zach Lovering, the leader of Airbus' project to develop an autonomous flying taxi called the Vahana. The name means the mount or vehicle of a Hindu deity.
Uber released a 98-page report in October making the business case for air taxis, which the company sees as the future of on-demand transportation. Uber doesn't have any plans to develop a flying car itself, but the online transportation network is advising several companies that have aircraft in the works.
"The role we want to play is as a catalyst for the entire industry," said Nikhil Goel, an Uber project manager for advanced programs.
12. What is the first paragraph mainly about
A. George Jetson’s cartoons. B. Serious traffic problems.
C. Present situation of flying cars. D. Changes in means of transportation.
13. What do we know about the aircraft of Airbus
A. They can take off and land on the road. B. They can be folded and kept in a pocket.
C. They can make people fly above the road. D. Most of them are cars with wings for flight.
14. Why are businessmen pushing forward the air taxi industry
A. New low-flying aircraft are safer than planes. B. They hate to spend time on crowded roads.
C. They can sell more high-quality batteries. D. Flying cars will become very popular.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. What will be the future car like B. Can flying-car dreams come true
C. Will Uber develop flying-car business D. How can we manage the future transportation
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了全球一些财力雄厚的公司，都在竞相开发一种新型飞机，让人们能够在拥挤的道路上滑翔，但飞行汽车的梦想能否变成现实还很难说，解释了其中存在的障碍以及人们对此的看法。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Even before George Jetson attracted kids with his cartoon flying car, people dreamed of soaring above traffic jam. Inventors and businessmen have long tried and failed to make the dream a reality, but that may be changing.(早在George Jetson用他的卡通飞车吸引孩子们之前，人们就梦想着在交通拥堵中翱翔。发明家和商人长期以来一直试图实现这个梦想，但都以失败告终，但这种情况可能正在改变)”可知，第一段主要讲了飞行汽车的现状。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Nearly a dozen companies around the globe, including some with deep pockets such as European aircraft maker Airbus, are competing to be the first to develop a new kind of aircraft that will enable people to glide above crowded roadways.(全球近12家公司，包括欧洲飞机制造商空客等一些财力雄厚的公司，都在竞相开发一种新型飞机，让人们能够在拥挤的道路上滑翔)”可知，空客的飞机能让人在马路上方飞行。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“They see a vast potential market for "air taxis" and personally owned small aircraft to transport people to city centers as urban areas grow more crowded and people spend more time on traffic.( 他们认为，随着城市地区变得越来越拥挤，人们花在交通上的时间越来越多，可以将人们运送到市中心“空中出租车”和私人拥有的小型飞机将有一个巨大的潜在市场)”可知，商人们推进空中出租车产业是因为飞行汽车将变得非常流行。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Nearly a dozen companies around the globe, including some with deep pockets such as European aircraft maker Airbus, are competing to be the first to develop a new kind of aircraft that will enable people to glide above crowded roadways. A few of the aircraft under development are cars with wings that unfold for flight, but most aren't cars at all. Typically they take off and land vertically like helicopters.(全球近12家公司，包括欧洲飞机制造商空客车等一些财力雄厚的公司，都在竞相开发一种新型飞机，让人们能够在拥挤的道路上滑翔。 目前正在研发的飞机中，有一些是可以展开翅膀飞行的汽车，但大多数根本不是汽车。它们通常像直升机一样垂直起飞和降落)”结合文章主要说明了全球一些财力雄厚的公司，都在竞相开发一种新型飞机，让人们能够在拥挤的道路上滑翔，但飞行汽车的梦想能否变成现实还很难说，解释了其中存在的障碍以及人们对此的看法。可知，B选项“飞行汽车的梦想能成真吗？”最符合文章标题。故选B。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Don't worry about why the chicken crossed the road—the bigger question is whether it'll make it at all. ___16___ But that road risk has dropped because of the COVID pandemic.
When officials began issuing stay-at-home orders to slow the spread of COVID-19, Shilling and his colleagues quickly realized they were witnessing a novel experiment: ___17___
The answer is a lot of things, including fewer accidents and lower greenhouse gas emissions from cars. In their latest report, the researchers found that driving less has also led to a dramatic decrease in roadkills.
"___18___ As far as I'm aware, no other action has been taken since creation of the national parks."
The team documented about a third fewer kills in the four weeks following shutdowns. If such a slowdown persisted for a year, 27.000 large animals would be saved in just those three states.
___19___ Some populations in urban areas are at risk of local extinction, and vehicles are one of the top killers. However, in recent months, traffic deaths of mountain lions have dropped by 58 percent, revealing an important clue about how to save them.
People are now returning to the roads as stay-at-home orders are lifted. ___20___ "Yeah, I just say—everybody loves wildlife, you know—and if we can find a way to not kill them, it seems like everybody can line up behind that."
A. What happens when we all start driving way less
B. But Shilling hopes some of the lessons might stick.
C. It's a good idea to stay knowledgeable about the risks.
D. The idea is that most of the animals died a senseless death.
E. It's actually the largest protection action that the U.S. has ever taken.
F. In California, the researchers also looked specifically at mountain lions.
G. Every year, millions of animals get killed by vehicles in the U.S.
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. E 19. F 20. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了疫情期间，美国居家令导致路上行驶车辆的减少，直接大幅减少被汽车撞死动物的数量，作者认为这是一个值得重视的保护动物的经验。
【16题详解】
根据下文“But that road risk has dropped(但这种道路风险已经降低了)”中连词but和that road risk可推知，上下文有转折对比关系，且上文中会提到road risk的具体内容，G项“Every year, millions of animals get killed by vehicles in the U.S.(在美国，每年有数以百万计的动物被汽车撞死)”与下文构成转折关系，且其中“millions of animals get killed by vehicles”即下文“that road risk”，语意上构成指代关系。故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据下文“The answer is a lot of things, including fewer accidents and lower greenhouse gas emissions from cars.(答案有很多，包括减少事故和减少汽车的温室气体排放)”中the answer is可知，上文会提出问题，A项 “What happens when we all start driving way less (当我们都开始少开车时会发生什么 )”是所有选项中唯一的问句，且下文中“fewer accidents and lower greenhouse gas emissions from cars”正是人们少开车会产生的后果。故选A项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“no other action has been taken(没有其他行动)”可推知，上文会提到某种“action”,E项“It's actually the largest protection action that the U.S. has ever taken.(这实际上是美国有史以来采取的最大的保护行动)”中it指代上文中提到的因COVID大流行而发布的居家令，作者把它视为美国有史以来实施的最大的动物保护行动，其中the largest protection action与下文照应。故选E项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“However, in recent months, traffic deaths of mountain lions have dropped by 58 percent, revealing an important clue about how to save them.(然而，最近几个月，美洲狮的交通死亡数下降了58%，这揭示了如何拯救它们的重要线索)”可知，本段讲道路交通对美洲狮的影响，段首句F项 “In California, the researchers also looked specifically at mountain lions.(在加州，研究人员还专门研究了美洲狮)”引出下文，且其中mountain lions与下文照应。故选F项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“People are now returning to the roads as stay-at-home orders are lifted.(由于居家令被取消，人们现在都回到了马路上)”和下文直接引语“if we can find a way to not kill them, it seems like everybody can line up behind that.(如果我们能找到不会杀害它们的方法，那么每个人会那样做的)”可知，虽然居家令已经撤销，但说话人希望通过之前的经验找到保护动物的方法，并相信人们都会用这样的办法去保护动物，B项“But Shilling hopes some of the lessons might stick.(但希林希望其中的一些经验能够被人们记住)”中出现了说话人Shilling和 她对动物保护的态度，与下文她的话相照应。故选B项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Commuting has long been a problem for urban residents worldwide, especially for those living and working in big cities ___21___ Beijing, Shanghai, New York City and Tokyo. For commuters, ___22___ subways and traffic jams during rush hours are nothing short of a nightmare.
Forty years ago when I came to Beijing to work for China Daily, people had the same ___23___ as they have today, but for different reasons. ___24___ Beijing had just one subway line, Line One, which ___25___ a little more than 20 kilometers. And since it was the only subway in China, I was told that it was built more as an air raid shelter than a ___26___ of public transport.
On the ground, ___27___ were few and narrow but had little traffic, for there were no ___28___ cars in China four decades ago. Apart from buses and a few government cars, horse-pulled carriages that transported daily necessities also ___29___ the roads. And when a bus ____30____ came, it was more likely than not to be already ____31____, and one had to struggle to ____32____ it.
____33____, most people commuted by bicycles earning China the ____34____ of a "country of bikes". Each day, I pedaled for hours, commuting between dorm and office, ____35____ news conferences and interviewing people for the ____36____.
When I traveled on the subways of New York City, Tokyo and West Berlin in the 1980s, I was ____37____ by their spider-web-like network and ____38____ that China would one day have as fast, reliable and convenient a subway system.
Chinese cities, ____39____, have even better subway systems today. 40 Chinese cities have subways with more than 6,000 km of tracks while about a similar number of cities are building new ones. The subway today is the ____40____ mode of public transport in Beijing with nearly 10 million commuters using it on any working day.
21. A. as for B. above all C. by far D. such as
22. A. changeable B. crowded C. ordinary D. regular
23. A. videos B. excuses C. complaints D. references
24. A. At that time B. In the meantime C. From then on D. For the moment
25. A. covered B. expected C. included D. represented
26. A. window B. background C. trend D. means
27. A. streets B. carriages C. cinemas D. railways
28. A. expensive B. private C. various D. permanent
29. A. damaged B. occupied C. polluted D. required
30. A. eventually B. deliberately C. immediately D. sincerely
31. A. processed B. burned C. packed D. decorated
32 A. get on B. bring about C. come across D. point to
33. A. In any cases B. To my surprise C. By the way D. As a result
34. A. title B. time C. help D. chance
35. A. recording B. attending C. declaring D. selecting
36. A. stage performance B. news reports C. concrete evidence D. wedding ceremony
37. A. frightened B. amazed C. weighed D. surrounded
38. A. hoped B. announced C. consulted D. insisted
39. A. instead B. however C. perhaps D. somehow
40. A. simple B. cosy C. tiny D. top
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. B 36. B 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章作者以自己的亲身经历说明了中国交通方式的变迁。
【21题详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意：长期以来，通勤一直是世界各地城市居民面临的一个问题，尤其是那些生活和工作在北京、上海、纽约和东京等大城市的人。A. as for至于；B. above all首先；C. by far到目前为止；D. such as例如。根据“Beijing, Shanghai, New York City and Tokyo.”可知，这里作者列举世界各地的一些大城市。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于通勤者来说，拥挤的地铁和高峰时段的交通堵塞简直就是一场噩梦。A. changeable可变的；B. crowded拥挤的；C. ordinary普通的；D. regular有规律的。根据“and traffic jams during rush hours are nothing short of a nightmare.”可知，地铁是拥挤的。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：四十年前，当我来到北京为《中国日报》工作时，人们有和今天一样的抱怨，但原因不同。A. videos视频；B. excuses借口；C. complaints抱怨；D. references参考。根据“but for different reasons.”结合上文交通拥挤可知，四十年前的人们和今天的人们都一样抱怨交通。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：当时，北京只有一条地铁线路——一号线，全长20多公里。A. At that time在当时；B. In the meantime与此同时；C. From then on从那时起；D. For the moment暂时。根据“Forty years ago when I came to Beijing to work for China Daily,”可知，这里指的是四十年前，当时北京的地铁。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时，北京只有一条地铁线路——一号线，全长20多公里。A. covered覆盖；行走（一段路程）B. expected期望；C. included包括；D. represented代表。根据“a little more than 20 kilometers.”可知，当时北京的地铁一号线路程是20多公里。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于它是中国唯一的地铁，我被告知它更像是一个防空洞，而不是公共交通工具。A. window窗户；B. background背景；C. trend趋势；D. means方法；工具。根据“I was told that it was built more as an air raid shelter”可知，当时北京的地铁一号线不像是公共交通工具。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在地面上，街道稀少而狭窄，但交通很少，因为40年前中国没有私家车。A. streets街道；B. carriages四轮马车；C. cinemas电影；D. railways铁路。根据“On the ground,”可知，四十年前在地面上街道很少。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在地面上，街道稀少而狭窄，但交通很少，因为40年前中国没有私家车。A. expensive昂贵的；B. private私有的；C. various不同的；D. permanent永久的。根据“Apart from buses and a few government cars, horse-pulled carriages that transported daily necessities also ___9___ the roads.”可知，四十年前的中国当时没有私家车。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了公共汽车和一些公务车外，运输生活必需品的马车也占据了道路。A. damaged损害；B. occupied占据；C. polluted污染；D. required要求。根据“And when a bus ___10___ came, it was more likely than not to be already ___11___, and one had to struggle to ___12___ it.”可知，当时交通拥挤是因为运输生活必需品的马车也占据了道路。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当一辆公共汽车最终来的时候，车上很可能已经挤满了人，人们不得不挤着上车。A. eventually最终；B. deliberately故意地；C. immediately立即；D. sincerely真诚地。根据“for there were no ___8___ cars in China four decades ago.”可知，因为没有私家车，所以公共汽车最终来的时候，车上很可能已经挤满了人。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当一辆公共汽车最终来的时候，车上很可能已经挤满了人，人们不得不挤着上车。A. processed加工；B. burned燃烧；C. packed塞满；D. decorated装饰。根据“and one had to struggle to ___12___ it.”可知，公共汽车上已经挤满了人。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当一辆公共汽车最终来的时候，车上很可能已经挤满了人，人们不得不挤着上车。A. get on登上；B. bring about带来；C. come across偶遇；D. point to指向。根据“And when a bus 10 came, ”可知，此处是指人们挤着上车。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查介词短语义辨析。句意：因此，大多数人骑自行车上下班，中国因此获得了“自行车之国”的称号。A. In any cases无论如何；B. To my surprise令我惊讶的是；C. By the way顺便问一下；D. As a result结果，因此。根据“And when a bus ___10___ came, it was more likely than not to be already ___11___, and one had to struggle to ___12___ it.”可知，因为乘公共汽车很困难，因此大多数人骑自行车上下班。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，大多数人骑自行车上下班，中国因此获得了“自行车之国”的称号。A. title头衔；称号；B. time时间；C. help帮助；D. chance机会。根据“most people commuted by bicycles”可知，因为当时中国大多数人骑自行车上下班，因此获得“自行车之国”的称号。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天，我都要骑上几个小时的自行车，往返于宿舍和办公室之间，参加新闻发布会，为新闻报道采访人们。A. recording记录；B. attending参加；C. declaring宣告；D. selecting选择。根据“news conferences”可知，作者参加新闻发布会。故选B。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天，我都要骑上几个小时的自行车，往返于宿舍和办公室之间，参加新闻发布会，为新闻报道采访人们。A. stage performance舞台表演；B. news reports新闻报道；C. concrete evidence确实的证据；D. wedding ceremony婚礼。根据“Forty years ago when I came to Beijing to work for China Daily”可知，作者为新闻报道采访人们。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：上世纪80年代，当我乘坐纽约、东京和西柏林的地铁时，我对它们像蜘蛛网一样的网络感到惊讶，并希望中国有一天也能拥有同样快速、可靠和方便的地铁系统。A. frightened害怕；B. amazed惊讶；C. weighed衡量；D. surrounded围绕。根据“by their spider-web-like network”可知，作者当时被纽约、东京和西柏林发达交通感到惊讶。故选B。
38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：上世纪80年代，当我乘坐纽约、东京和西柏林的地铁时，我对它们像蜘蛛网一样的网络感到惊讶，并希望中国有一天也能拥有同样快速、可靠和方便的地铁系统。A. hoped希望；B. announced宣布；C. consulted咨询；D. insisted坚持。根据“When I traveled on the subways of New York City, Tokyo and West Berlin in the 1980s, I was ___17___ by their spider-web-like network”可知，作者看到其他地方的地铁系统希望中国有一天也能拥有同样快速、可靠和方便的地铁系统。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：中国的城市，也许，今天有更好的地铁系统。 A. instead代替；B. however然而；C. perhaps也许；D. somehow以某种方式。根据常识和“have even better subway systems today.”可知，或许，如今中国的城市有更好的地铁系统。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如今，地铁是北京最主要的公共交通方式，在任何一个工作日都有近1000万通勤者乘坐地铁。A. simple简单的；B. cosy舒适温暖的；C. tiny极小的；D. top最高的；主要的。根据“with nearly 10 million commuters using it on any working day.”可知，地铁已经成为北京最主要的公共交通方式。故选D。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are many positive effects of technology on our lifestyles. One significant effect that technology ___41___ (cause) is the advancement in travel. Thanks to technological advances in engines, airplanes that run faster than sound can now fly faster, ___42___(mean) that it takes less time to transport goods across the world.
It makes trade between countries ___43___ (manage). Technology boosts economic growth across the board, and countries generate revenue through international trade. This leads to investment ___44___ (opportunity), better infrastructure, and skilled labour.
The one area we must give credit to technology for ___45___ (it) development in is in the world of sport and, in particular, online sports. One great example is NetBet Sport. It provides netizens with the opportunity ___46___ (bet) on their favourite sports. Thanks to technological advancement and global internet use.
Technology has also helped ___47___ the generation of efficient power. The technology uses energy ___48___ can get harnessed from sound sources such as solar rays and wind currents. The energy produced reduces the dependency on fossil fuels that ___49___ (use) to generate electricity. Fossil fuels have become exhausted in many regions ____50____ (globe). But technology has changed the situation by allowing people to develop their power from renewable sources.
The benefits of technology are vast, and the ability to use it is becoming more accessible.
【答案】41. has caused
42. meaning
43. more manageable
44. opportunities
45. its 46. to bet
47. in 48. that##which
49. were used
50. globally
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科技对我们的生活方式有很多积极的影响，包括旅游、国家贸易、体育以及发电等方面。
【41题详解】
考查时态。句意：科技带来的一个重要影响是旅游的进步。从句描述过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，应用现在完成时，主语为technology，助动词用has。故填has caused。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：由于引擎技术的进步，比声音跑得快的飞机现在可以飞得更快，这意味着在世界各地运输货物所需的时间更少。分析句子结构可知mean在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语airplanes that run faster than sound can now fly faster构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填meaning。
【43题详解】
考查比较级。句意：它使国与国之间的贸易更易于管理。此处作宾补，表示“易于管理”应用形容词manageable，且结合句意表示“更易于管理”应用比较级，在前面加more。故填more manageable。
【44题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：这将带来投资机会、更好的基础设施和熟练劳动力。opportunity为可数名词，前文没有冠词表示数量大于一应用复数形式。故填opportunities。
【45题详解】
考查代词。句意：我们必须把科技的发展归功于体育世界，尤其是在线体育。修饰后文名词development应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
【46题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它为网民提供了在他们最喜欢的体育项目上下注的机会。修饰名词opportunity，应用不定式作后置定语。故填to bet。
【47题详解】
考查介词。句意：技术也有助于高效发电。后跟名词作宾语，且表示“在某一方面”应用介词in。故填in。
【48题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：该技术使用的能量可以从声源，如太阳射线和风电流中得到利用。此处为定语从句修饰先行词 energy，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。
【49题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：所产生的能源减少了对用于发电的化石燃料的依赖。定语从句修饰先行词fossil fuels，先行词在从句中作主语，与谓语构成被动关系，且结语境可知，此处陈述过去的动作，应用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填were used。
【50题详解】
考查副词。句意：全球许多地区的化石燃料已经枯竭。表示“全球地”，且作状语，应用副词globally。故填globally。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I went to Thai-style restaurant for lunch with my sister. When we arrived at 1.40, we had to wait 20 minutes because they got our table ready. We ordered the chips as a side dish and they look delicious. But when we tasted them, they were overcooked and swim in oil so we left most of them. We expected a lot of more for $10!
When the waiter asked if anything was OK, we said we really didn't like chips and he said 'That's funny, I love them and that was it. He didn't offer us anything else or take them on our bill. Also, when we didn't leave a tip, he looked annoying.
I was really excited about visiting Vega, and the main were just fantastic, and the rest of the experience was really disappointing.
【答案】1. because→before#until#while 2. look→looked 3. swim→swimming 4. lot后的of去掉 5. anything→everything 6. like后加the 7. on→off 8. annoying→annoyed 9.main→mains 10. and→but
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在泰式餐厅用餐的令人失望的一段经历。
【详解】1. 考查状语从句的连词。句意：我们等了20分钟，直到服务员把我们预订的餐桌收拾好。根据句意可知，该句表示作者和姐姐到达餐厅后，并未马上就座，而是等待服务员收拾干净餐桌之后才落座。或指服务员在收拾桌子时，作者和姐姐在旁等待。故将because改为until/while/before。
2. 考查时态。句意：我们点了一些薯条作为佐餐食品，它们看起来很美味。表述过去发生的事情及与之并列的句中谓语时态可知，该处谓语动词也应使用一般过去时。故将look改为looked。
3. 考查时态。句意：但是当我们品尝薯条的时候，发现薯条炸得过度了而且还漂在油里，于是我们把大部分都剩下了。此处表示作者在薯条上桌后，发现薯条正处于的状态：漂在油里，很油腻。表过去某个时刻动作正在进行应使用过去进行时。故将swim改为swimming。
4. 考查固定短语。句意：我们本来期待花十块钱能品尝到更好的美食。该处a lot作为表程度的副词短语，用来修饰前面的动词expect。a lot of只能用于修饰名词。故将lot后的of去掉。
5. 考查不定代词。句意：当服务生过来询问我们有什么事时，我们说真的不喜欢薯条。根据句意可知，服务生过来向我们询问是否一切正常，有什么问题，并非“任何事物”，且anything通常只用于疑问句及否定句当中。故将anything改为everything。
6. 考查冠词。句意：我们说我们真的不喜欢薯条。该处的名词“薯条”指的是之前提到过的，作者已品尝过的薯条，表特指，应使用定冠词the。故在like后加the。
7. 考查固定短语。句意：他并未把薯条的费用从账单里扣除出去。take sth off有“去除，撤消”之意，故将on改为off。
8. 考查形容词。句意：并且，我们没有留小费给他，他看上去很不快。该处的形容词作表语，修饰主语he，v+ed形式的形容词修饰人，故将annoying改为annoyed。
9. 考查名词单复数。句意：主要的东西非常棒。由句中谓语动词复数形式可知，该处作主语的名词应使用复数，故将main改为mains。
10. 考查连词。句意：主要的东西非常棒，但是其他的经历令人失望。由前句表肯定和后句表否定构成转折逻辑可知，该处应使用转折连词but。故将and改为but。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 你因骑车上学路上不慎摔伤，近两周内不能去上课。请给班主任胡老师写封邮件，告假两周。内容包括：
1. 陈述请假事由；
2. 请求延迟下周作业交付。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已为你写好。
Dear Mr. Hu,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you for your understanding.
Regards,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Hu,
I'm writing to let you know that I can't attend class for two weeks. I've had an accident and hurt my back. I'm afraid I also need to ask for an extension for next week's essay.
I have medicine for the pain but I can't get up or walk around much, and the doctor said I should stay in bed and rest as much as possible. This makes reading and studying very difficult for me at the moment. I've attached a copy of the doctor's certificate and I hope to be back in class from 12 May.
Until then, my friend is going to record the lectures so I can listen to them at home. I will try to catch up with all the reading too. However, I don't think I can submit the essay next week. Is it possible to have an extension
Thank you for your understanding.
Regards,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给班主任胡老师写封邮件，告假两周。
【详解】1.词汇积累
演讲：speech→lecture
请求：request→ask for
困难的：hard→difficult
提交：hand in→submit
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：I've had an accident and hurt my back. I'm afraid I also need to ask for an extension for next week's essay.
拓展句：I'm afraid I also need to ask for an extension for next week's essay because I've had an accident and hurt my back.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I'm writing to let you know that I can't attend class for two weeks.(运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] I have medicine for the pain but I can't get up or walk around much, and the doctor said I should stay in bed and rest as much as possible. (运用了省略that的宾语从句)
