哈密市第十五中学2021－2022学年第一学期9月考
高三英语试卷
第I卷(选择题70分)
第一部分：阅读理解（共20 小题，每小题2分，满分40分)
第一节（共15 小题，每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A, B, C和D)中，选出最佳选项.
A
Hello. I’m Jan from Mrs. Lake’s class. My class wants to work together to help the public. We think we have found a great way to do this. Last month we did a class project on the highways near our town. We learned about the Adopt-a-Highway Program. This program brings people together to pick up litter along the roads. We think it would be a great idea for all students in our school to join the program and adopt a highway.
Adopting a highway is not like adopting a pet. When a highway is adopted, only part of the highway is cared for by a group of people. The group agrees to work every week to keep its part of the highway clean. Each group gets its own sign that has the name of the group printed on it. The sign is put up at the side of the road. This sign lets drivers know who is keeping that area of the road clean.
The Adopt-a-Highway Program is a great way for people to help their environment look nicer. Also, the government does not have to send out as many road workers. This saves money. Finally, people may try harder to keep roads clean if they see people, especially teenagers like us, cleaning them up.
We will need helpers to care for our adopted highway. If you want to feel great and keep our roads clean，please come with your parents to the meeting next week. We will meet in Mrs. Lake’ room on Wednesday at 6:00 P.M. At the meeting, we will talk about which roads are the dirtiest as a result of people's unkind acts. Then we' ll try to pick an area to adopt and clean.
I look forward to seeing you at the meeting. Remember to keep our roads clean!
1. What is the Adopt-a-Highway Program about
A. Giving names to the highways. B. Drawing pictures of highways.
C. Picking up litter along the roads. D. Putting up signs near the roads.
2. What should the students do first if they want to join the program
A. Pick a spot to care for. B. Call Mrs. Lake next week.
C. Write a letter to their parents. D. Go to a meeting on Wednesday.
3. What is the purpose of this speech
A. To encourage students to join the program.
B. To introduce the traffic system.
C. To show drivers how to drive safely.
D. To tell a story about adopting a pet.
4. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A. Adopt-a-Pet B. Adopt-a-Highway
C. Ways to Protect the Environment D. Volunteers on Roads
B
Everywhere I look outside my home I see people busy on their high-tech devices, while driving, walking, shopping, even sitting in toilets. People have been influenced to become technology addicted. One study found that people had a harder time resisting the allure of social media than they did for sleep, cigarettes and alcohol.
The main goal of technology companies is to get people to spend more money and time on their products, not to actually improve our quality of life. They have successfully created a cultural disease. Consumers willingly give up their freedom, money and time to catch up on the latest information, to keep pace with their peers or to appear modern.
I see people trapped in a pathological（病态的）relationship with time-sucking technology, where they serve technology more than technology serves them. I call this technology servitude. I am referring to a loss of personal freedom and independence because of uncontrolled consumption of many kinds of devices that eat up time and money.
What is a healthy use of technology devices That is the vital question. Who is really in charge of my life That is what people need to ask themselves if we are to have any chance of breaking up false beliefs about their use of technology. When we can live happily without using so much technology for a day or a week, then we can regain control and personal freedom, become the master of technology and discover what there is to enjoy in life free of technology. Mae West is famous for proclaiming(声明) the wisdom that “too much of a good thing is wonderful.” But it’s time to discover that it does not work for technology.
Richard Fernandez, an executive coach at Google acknowledged that “we can be swept away by our technologies.” To break the grand digital connection, people must consider how life long ago could be fantastic without today’s overused technology.
5. The underlined word “allure” in Paragraph 1 probably means ______.
A. advantage B. attraction
C. adaption D. attempt
6. From the passage, technology companies aim to ______.
A. attract people to buy their products
B. provide the latest information
C. improve people’s quality of life
D. deal with cultural diseases
7. It can be inferred from this passage that people ______.
A. consider too much technology wonderful
B. have realized the harm of high-tech devices
C. can regain freedom without high-tech devices
D may enjoy life better without overused technology
8. What’s the author’s attitude towards the overusing of high-tech devices
A. Neutral. B. Sceptical.
C. Disapproving. D. Sympathetic.
C
Elizabeth Mitchell’s new “Liberty’s Torch” is the fascinating story of how the Statue of Liberty came to be The Statue of Liberty’s rough history is explored in “Liberty’s Torch”.
Frederic Auguste Bartholdi is an all-but-forgotten figure in American history. He was, however, responsible for one of the most enduring symbols of the United States: the Statue of Liberty. A Frenchman from Alsace, he designed and built the Statue of Liberty which stood on Bedloe’s Island in New York Harbor. How this statue came to be is the fascinating subject of Elizabeth Michell’s new book “Liberty’s Torch”.
The power of Mitchell’s narrative is convincing (令人信服的). We recognize the Statue of Liberty now as a symbol of hope and opportunity for a nation of immigrants. At the time, though, people could not see that — nor did they even imagine that. Instead, the construction of the statue was born of one man’s desire to set up a great monument.
For this reason, perhaps, “Liberty’s Torch” relies on Bartholdi as the connecting thread. Bartholdi went to Egypt to make photographic copies of the main monuments. On the boat, Bartholdi met and began a lifelong relationship with Ferdinand de Lesseps, the man who would build the Suez Canal. Maybe it was this friendship, or maybe it was seeing Egypt’s huge monuments, but finally the trip inspired Bartholdi’s dream to create the largest statue ever built. Failure to bring this to completion in Egypt, followed by his exile (流放) from Paris, led Bartholdi to sail to America.
By explaining the Statue of Liberty’s hard history and showing Bartholdi’s brave spirit, Mitchell has done a great service.
9. It can be inferred from the text that ________.
A. American people have never forgotten Frederic August Bartholdi
B. the Statue of Liberty wasn’t originally regarded as a symbol of hope
C. Bartholdi finished the Suez Canal
D. Bartholdi was a famous architect from Egypt.
10. What was the main reason for Bartholdi to build the Statue of Liberty
A. To finish his education in the arts.
B. To mark his friendship with Ferdinand.
C. To create something better than Egyptian monuments.
D. To achieve his dream to create the largest statue.
11. What type of writing is the passage
A. A travel guide. B. A book review.
C. An announcement D. An architecture report.
D
As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric(生物测量) technologies—like fingerprint scans—to keep others out of private e-spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.
Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device(装置) that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏) with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user’s typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people’s identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it’s connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right.
It also doesn’t require a new type of technology that people aren’t already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.
In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch” four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.
12. Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard
A. To reduce pressure on keys. B. To improve accuracy in typing.
C. To replace the password system. D. To cut the cost of e-space protection.
13. What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible
A Computers are much easier to operate.
B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.
C. Typing patterns vary from person to person.
D. Data security measures are guaranteed.
14. What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard
A It’ll be environment-friendly. B. It’ll reach consumers soon.
C. It’ll be made of plastics. D. It’ll help speed up typing.
15. Where is this text most likely from
A. A diary. B. A guidebook C. A novel. D. A magazine.
第二节 信息匹配题(共5小题 ,每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容，从下框的选项中选出能填入该空的最佳选项。其中有两项多余。
Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resetting your body clock. ___16___Here’s how to make one.
●___17___ In order to make a change, you need to decide why it’s important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day Once you are clear about your reason, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.
●Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. ___18___ That’s a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.
●Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you’re tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. ___19___
●Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you’ve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. ___20___ If not, take another look at other methods you could try.
A. Find the right motivation.
B. Get a sleep specialist.
C. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.
D. And consider setting a second alarm.
E. A better plan for sleep can help.
F. If the steps you take are working, keep it up.
G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the cafe to get coffee.
第二部分完形填空(共20小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分30分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March- ___21___ six months out of the year.
“Of course, we ___22___ it when the sun is shining,” says Karin Ro, who works for the town’s tourism office. “We see the sky is ___23___, but down in the valley it’s darker — it’s like on a ___24___ day.”
But that ___25___ when a system of high-tech ___26___ was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks(山峰) into the valley below. Wednesday, residents(居民) of Rjukan ___27___ their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to ___28___. The mirrors are controlled by a computer that ___29___ them to turn along with the sun throughout the ____30____ and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam(束) of light onto the town’s central ____31____, creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light ____32____, Rjukan residents gathered together.
“People have been ____33____ there and standing there and taking ____34____ of each other,” Ro says. “The town square was totally ____35____. I think almost all the people in the town were there.” The 3,500 residents cannot all ____36____ the sunshine at the same time. ____37____, the new light feels like more than enough for the town’s ____38____ residents.
“It’s not very ____39____,” she says, “but it is enough when we are ____40____.”
21. A. only B. obviously C. nearly D. precisely
22. A. fear B. believe C. hear D. notice
23. A. empty B. blue C. high D. wide
24. A. cloudy B. normal C. different D. warm
25. A. helped B. changed C. happened D. mattered
26. A. computers B. telescopes C. mirrors D. cameras
27. A. remembered B. forecasted C. received D. imagined
28. A. repair B. risk C. rest D. use
29. A. forbids B. directs C. predicts D. follows
30. A. day B. night C. month D. year
31. A. library B. hall C. square D. street
32. A. appeared B. returned C. faded D. stopped
33. A. driving B. hiding C. camping D. sitting
34. A. pictures B. notes C. care D. hold
35. A. new B. full C. flat D. silent
36. A. block B. avoid C. enjoy D. store
37. A. Instead B. However C. Gradually D. Similarly
38. A. nature-loving B. energy-saving C. weather-beaten D. sun-starved
39. A. big B. clear C. cold D. easy
40. A. trying B. waiting C. watching D. sharing
第II卷（非选择题50分）
第一题 语法填空(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence ___41___ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ___42___(poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modern methods ___43___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s and are expensive ___44___(perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ___45___(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ___46___(believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by ___47___(note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ___48___(high) than they actually are. Of ___49___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ____50____(be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
第二题 短文改错（10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin. Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud. Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity, others were nervous and anxious. I had done myself homework but I was shy. I was afraid that to speak in front of a larger group of people. At that moment, I remembered that my father once said, "The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from textbooks, and mistake as well." Immediate, I raised my hand.
第三题 书面表达25分
52. 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友John写信告诉你近日他由于沉迷电脑游戏，健康受到很大影响。他十分焦虑，请你根据以下要点，给他写一封回信，建议他养成良好的生活习惯。
要点:
1.限制玩游戏的时间，把注意力逐渐转移到其他事情上
2.规定起床和睡觉的时间，形成良好的作息习惯
3.每天锻炼半小时，增强体质
注意:
1.词数100-120，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear John，
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!哈密市第十五中学2021－2022学年第一学期9月考
高三英语试卷
第I卷(选择题70分)
第一部分：阅读理解（共20 小题，每小题2分，满分40分)
第一节（共15 小题，每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A, B, C和D)中，选出最佳选项.
A
Hello. I’m Jan from Mrs. Lake’s class. My class wants to work together to help the public. We think we have found a great way to do this. Last month we did a class project on the highways near our town. We learned about the Adopt-a-Highway Program. This program brings people together to pick up litter along the roads. We think it would be a great idea for all students in our school to join the program and adopt a highway.
Adopting a highway is not like adopting a pet. When a highway is adopted, only part of the highway is cared for by a group of people. The group agrees to work every week to keep its part of the highway clean. Each group gets its own sign that has the name of the group printed on it. The sign is put up at the side of the road. This sign lets drivers know who is keeping that area of the road clean.
The Adopt-a-Highway Program is a great way for people to help their environment look nicer. Also, the government does not have to send out as many road workers. This saves money. Finally, people may try harder to keep roads clean if they see people, especially teenagers like us, cleaning them up.
We will need helpers to care for our adopted highway. If you want to feel great and keep our roads clean，please come with your parents to the meeting next week. We will meet in Mrs. Lake’ room on Wednesday at 6:00 P.M. At the meeting we will talk about which roads are the dirtiest as a result of people's unkind acts. Then we' ll try to pick an area to adopt and clean.
I look forward to seeing you at the meeting. Remember to keep our roads clean!
1. What is the Adopt-a-Highway Program about
A. Giving names to the highways. B. Drawing pictures of highways.
C. Picking up litter along the roads. D. Putting up signs near the roads.
2. What should the students do first if they want to join the program
A. Pick a spot to care for. B. Call Mrs. Lake next week.
C. Write a letter to their parents. D. Go to a meeting on Wednesday.
3. What is the purpose of this speech
A. To encourage students to join the program.
B. To introduce the traffic system.
C. To show drivers how to drive safely.
D. To tell a story about adopting a pet.
4. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A. Adopt-a-Pet B. Adopt-a-Highway
C. Ways to Protect the Environment D. Volunteers on Roads
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇倡议书，主要介绍了the Adopt-a-Highway Program的目的是帮助保持道路清洁。同时鼓励更多的人参加这一项目。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段倒数第二句“This program brings people together to pick up litter along the roads.（这个项目让人们聚在一起捡路上的垃圾。）” 可知这个活动的目的是想让人们把路上的垃圾都清理掉。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段二、三句“If you want to feel great and keep our roads clean，please come with your parents to the meeting next week. We will meet in Mrs. Lake’ room on Wednesday at 6:00 P. M. （如果你想感觉良好，并保持我们道路清洁，请与你的父母来参加下周的会议。我们星期三下午6点在莱克夫人房间见）”可知如果想参加这个活动，首先要先集中开会。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句“We will need helpers to care for our adopted highway. ”可知我们需要帮助者来关心我们的公路。再根据第三段最后一句“Finally, people may try harder to keep roads clean if they see people, especially teenagers like us, cleaning them up. （最后，如果人们看尤其是像我们这样的青少年清理道路，可能会努力保持道路清洁。）”说明这一项目的重大意义。故选A项。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段 “We learned about the Adopt-a-Highway Program. This program brings people together to pick up litter along the roads. We think it would be a great idea for all students in our school to join the program and adopt a highway. （我们了解了采用高速公路计划。这个项目把人们聚集在一起，在路上捡垃圾。我们认为我们学校的所有学生加入这个项目并采用高速公路将是一个好主意。）”可知本文主要介绍了the Adopt-a-Highway Program的目的是帮助保持道路清洁。同时鼓励更多的人参加这一项目。故选B项。
B
Everywhere I look outside my home I see people busy on their high-tech devices, while driving, walking, shopping, even sitting in toilets. People have been influenced to become technology addicted. One study found that people had a harder time resisting the allure of social media than they did for sleep, cigarettes and alcohol.
The main goal of technology companies is to get people to spend more money and time on their products, not to actually improve our quality of life. They have successfully created a cultural disease. Consumers willingly give up their freedom, money and time to catch up on the latest information, to keep pace with their peers or to appear modern.
I see people trapped in a pathological（病态的）relationship with time-sucking technology, where they serve technology more than technology serves them. I call this technology servitude. I am referring to a loss of personal freedom and independence because of uncontrolled consumption of many kinds of devices that eat up time and money.
What is a healthy use of technology devices That is the vital question. Who is really in charge of my life That is what people need to ask themselves if we are to have any chance of breaking up false beliefs about their use of technology. When we can live happily without using so much technology for a day or a week, then we can regain control and personal freedom, become the master of technology and discover what there is to enjoy in life free of technology. Mae West is famous for proclaiming(声明) the wisdom that “too much of a good thing is wonderful.” But it’s time to discover that it does not work for technology.
Richard Fernandez, an executive coach at Google acknowledged that “we can be swept away by our technologies.” To break the grand digital connection, people must consider how life long ago could be fantastic without today’s overused technology.
5. The underlined word “allure” in Paragraph 1 probably means ______.
A. advantage B. attraction
C. adaption D. attempt
6. From the passage, technology companies aim to ______.
A. attract people to buy their products
B. provide the latest information
C. improve people’s quality of life
D. deal with cultural diseases
7. It can be inferred from this passage that people ______.
A. consider too much technology wonderful
B. have realized the harm of high-tech devices
C. can regain freedom without high-tech devices
D. may enjoy life better without overused technology
8. What’s the author’s attitude towards the overusing of high-tech devices
A. Neutral. B. Sceptical.
C. Disapproving. D. Sympathetic.
【答案】5. B 6. A 7. D 8. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章讲述的是人们过度的依赖于技术。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据 上文“People have been influenced to become technology addicted. （人们受到影响而对科技上瘾。）”，中的addicted可以推断出allure的意思就是吸引，A. advantage优势；B. attraction吸引；C. adaption适应；D. attempt尝试。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。 根据第二段“The main goal of technology companies is to get people to spend more money and time on their products, not to actually improve our quality of life.（科技公司的主要目标是让人们花更多的钱和时间在他们的产品上，而不是真正提高我们的生活质量。）”可知，技术公司的主要目的就是为了使消费者购买他们的产品。故选A。
【7题详解】
推断理解题。根据最后一段“To break the grand digital connection, people must consider how life long ago could be fantastic without today’s overused technology.（为了打破巨大的数字联系，人们必须考虑，如果没有今天过度使用的技术，很久以前的生活将多么美好。）”根据这句可以推断出人们如果没有过度使用技术将会过的更好的生活，故选D。
【8题详解】
判断推理题。根据第三段“I see people trapped in a pathological（病态的）relationship with time-sucking technology, where they serve technology more than technology serves them. I call this technology servitude. I am referring to a loss of personal freedom and independence because of uncontrolled consumption of many kinds of devices that eat up time and money. （我看到人们与耗费时间的科技陷入病态的关系，他们为科技服务，而不是科技为他们服务。我称这种技术为奴役。我指的是个人自由和独立的丧失，因为不受控制地消费各种设备，消耗了时间和金钱。）”可以推断出作者对于技术过度使用的态度是不赞同的。故选C。
C
Elizabeth Mitchell’s new “Liberty’s Torch” is the fascinating story of how the Statue of Liberty came to be. The Statue of Liberty’s rough history is explored in “Liberty’s Torch”.
Frederic Auguste Bartholdi is an all-but-forgotten figure in American history. He was, however, responsible for one of the most enduring symbols of the United States: the Statue of Liberty. A Frenchman from Alsace, he designed and built the Statue of Liberty which stood on Bedloe’s Island in New York Harbor. How this statue came to be is the fascinating subject of Elizabeth Michell’s new book “Liberty’s Torch”.
The power of Mitchell’s narrative is convincing (令人信服的). We recognize the Statue of Liberty now as a symbol of hope and opportunity for a nation of immigrants. At the time, though, people could not see that — nor did they even imagine that. Instead, the construction of the statue was born of one man’s desire to set up a great monument.
For this reason, perhaps, “Liberty’s Torch” relies on Bartholdi as the connecting thread. Bartholdi went to Egypt to make photographic copies of the main monuments. On the boat, Bartholdi met and began a lifelong relationship with Ferdinand de Lesseps, the man who would build the Suez Canal. Maybe it was this friendship, or maybe it was seeing Egypt’s huge monuments, but finally the trip inspired Bartholdi’s dream to create the largest statue ever built. Failure to bring this to completion in Egypt, followed by his exile (流放) from Paris, led Bartholdi to sail to America.
By explaining the Statue of Liberty’s hard history and showing Bartholdi’s brave spirit, Mitchell has done a great service.
9. It can be inferred from the text that ________.
A. American people have never forgotten Frederic August Bartholdi
B. the Statue of Liberty wasn’t originally regarded as a symbol of hope
C. Bartholdi finished the Suez Canal
D. Bartholdi was a famous architect from Egypt.
10. What was the main reason for Bartholdi to build the Statue of Liberty
A. To finish his education in the arts.
B. To mark his friendship with Ferdinand.
C. To create something better than Egyptian monuments.
D. To achieve his dream to create the largest statue.
11. What type of writing is the passage
A. A travel guide. B. A book review.
C. An announcement D. An architecture report.
【答案】9. B 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了伊丽莎白米切尔的书《自由火炬》，这本书探索了自由女神像的历史。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“We recognize the Statue of Liberty now as a symbol of hope and opportunity for a nation of immigrants. At the time, though, people could not see that — nor did they even imagine that. Instead, the construction of the statue was born of one man’s desire to set up a great monument.(我们现在承认自由女神像是移民国家希望和机会的象征。然而，在当时，人们看不到这一点——他们甚至想象不到这一点。相反，建造这座雕像是出于一个人想要建立一座伟大纪念碑的愿望)”可推知，自由女神并不也是一开始就是希望的象征。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Instead, the construction of the statue was born of one man’s desire to set up a great monument.(相反，建造这座雕像是出于一个人想要建立一座伟大纪念碑的愿望)”可知，巴托尔迪为了实现自己的梦想，建造了最大的自由女神像。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Elizabeth Mitchell’s new “Liberty’s Torch” is the fascinating story of how the Statue of Liberty came to be. The Statue of Liberty’s rough history is explored in “Liberty’s Torch”.(伊丽莎白·米切尔的新书《自由火炬》讲述了自由女神像如何形成的迷人故事。《自由火炬》讲述了自由女神像坎坷的历史)”及下文介绍可知，整篇文章都在介绍自由女神的象征以及作者对它的看法。由此推知，这篇文章属于一篇书评。故选B。
D
As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric(生物测量) technologies—like fingerprint scans—to keep others out of private e-spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.
Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device(装置) that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏) with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user’s typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people’s identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it’s connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right.
It also doesn’t require a new type of technology that people aren’t already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.
In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch” four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.
12. Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard
A. To reduce pressure on keys. B. To improve accuracy in typing.
C. To replace the password system. D. To cut the cost of e-space protection.
13. What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible
A. Computers are much easier to operate.
B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.
C. Typing patterns vary from person to person.
D. Data security measures are guaranteed.
14. What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard
A. It’ll be environment-friendly. B. It’ll reach consumers soon.
C. It’ll be made of plastics. D. It’ll help speed up typing.
15. Where is this text most likely from
A. A diary. B. A guidebook C. A novel. D. A magazine.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。数据和身份盗窃变得越来越普遍，而指纹扫描等这些防盗技术仍然很昂贵的。本文介绍了一种新的防止个人身份和数据在电子空间被盗的高科技智能键盘，而且这项技术也不贵。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.和第二段的Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device that gets around this problem: a smart key board.可知，研究者们开发智能键盘是为了降低e-space保护的成本。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的The key board could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user’s typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people’s identities可知，用户打字的力度和按键之间的时间是不同的，这使得智能键盘能够识别人。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.可知，研究者们希望智能键盘能早日面世。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。本文介绍了一种新的防止个人身份和数据在电子空间被盗的高科技智能键盘，由此可推断本文最有可能来自于一本科学杂志。故选D。
第二节 信息匹配题(共5小题 ,每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容，从下框的选项中选出能填入该空的最佳选项。其中有两项多余。
Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resetting your body clock. ___16___Here’s how to make one.
●___17___ In order to make a change, you need to decide why it’s important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day Once you are clear about your reason, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.
●Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. ___18___ That’s a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.
●Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you’re tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. ___19___
●Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you’ve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. ___20___ If not, take another look at other methods you could try.
A. Find the right motivation.
B. Get a sleep specialist.
C. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.
D. And consider setting a second alarm.
E. A better plan for sleep can help.
F. If the steps you take are working, keep it up.
G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the cafe to get coffee.
【答案】16. E 17. A 18. G 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了如何制定睡眠计划，让我们早上更容易起床。
【16题详解】
根据空格前句“Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resetting your body clock. (很多人发现早上很难起床，把责任推到闹钟上。事实上，早上容易醒来的关键在于重置你的生物钟)”可知，本文介绍的早上容易醒来的方法。E项意为“更好的睡眠计划会有所帮助。”能够承接上文，更好的睡眠计划能够帮助你重置生物钟，使你在早晨容易醒来，且能够引起下文，下文介绍了如何制定更好的睡眠计划。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据空格后句“In order to make a change, you need to decide why it’s important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day (为了做出改变，你需要决定为什么它很重要。你是想及时起床和家人一起吃早餐，做些运动，还是只是为了更好地准备你的一天？)”可知，本段告诉我们需要为早晨起床找到一个原因。A项意为“找到正确的动机。”能够概括段落主旨，我们应该为起床找到正确的动机，下文的“have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day”都是对“motivation”的举例。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据空格后句“That’s a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer. (如果你买了一个带计时器的咖啡机，你可以多睡一刻钟)”可知，本段介绍的是对早晨时间的具体安排。G项意为“重新考虑一下你在咖啡馆排队买咖啡的15分钟。”能够承接上文，你要思考早晨的时间安排，考虑到你在咖啡馆排队买咖啡需要15分钟，所以如果你买了一个带计时器的咖啡机，你可以多睡15分钟。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据段落主旨句“Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. (在周末保持你的睡眠/起床时间表)”可知，本段介绍的是在周末也要保持你的睡眠和起床的时间表。根据空格前句“But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. (但是最近的一项研究发现，周末的补觉实际上会在接下来的一周里加剧你的困倦)”可知，研究发现，周末的补觉会在接下来的一周里加剧你的困倦。C项意为“坚持你设定的睡觉时间和起床时间，不管是哪一天。”选项内容符合主旨，且能够承接上文，正因为补觉会加剧你的困倦，所以我们要坚持设定的睡觉时间和起床时间，不管是不是周末。故选C。
【20题详解】
根据段落主旨句“Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. (做好记录，每周评估一次)”可知，本段介绍的是要评估我们制定的睡眠计划。根据空格后句“If not, take another look at other methods you could try. (如果没有，再看看你可以尝试的其他方法)”可知，如果计划无效，我么可以再尝试其他方法。F项意为“如果你采取的措施奏效了，那就坚持下去。”选项内容符合主旨，介绍了评估的作用，且选项中的“If the steps you take are working”和下文的“If not”形成对照关系。故选F。
第二部分完形填空(共20小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分30分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March- ___21___ six months out of the year.
“Of course, we ___22___ it when the sun is shining,” says Karin Ro, who works for the town’s tourism office. “We see the sky is ___23___, but down in the valley it’s darker — it’s like on a ___24___ day.”
But that ___25___ when a system of high-tech ___26___ was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks(山峰) into the valley below. Wednesday, residents(居民) of Rjukan ___27___ their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to ___28___. The mirrors are controlled by a computer that ___29___ them to turn along with the sun throughout the ____30____ and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam(束) of light onto the town’s central ____31____, creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light ____32____, Rjukan residents gathered together.
“People have been ____33____ there and standing there and taking ____34____ of each other,” Ro says. “The town square was totally ____35____. I think almost all the people in the town were there.” The 3,500 residents cannot all ____36____ the sunshine at the same time. ____37____, the new light feels like more than enough for the town’s ____38____ residents.
“It’s not very ____39____,” she says, “but it is enough when we are ____40____.”
21. A. only B. obviously C. nearly D. precisely
22. A. fear B. believe C. hear D. notice
23. A. empty B. blue C. high D. wide
24. A. cloudy B. normal C. different D. warm
25 A. helped B. changed C. happened D. mattered
26. A. computers B. telescopes C. mirrors D. cameras
27. A. remembered B. forecasted C. received D. imagined
28. A. repair B. risk C. rest D. use
29. A. forbids B. directs C. predicts D. follows
30. A. day B. night C. month D. year
31. A. library B. hall C. square D. street
32. A. appeared B. returned C. faded D. stopped
33. A. driving B. hiding C. camping D. sitting
34. A. pictures B. notes C. care D. hold
35. A. new B. full C. flat D. silent
36. A. block B. avoid C. enjoy D. store
37. A. Instead B. However C. Gradually D. Similarly
38. A. nature-loving B. energy-saving C. weather-beaten D. sun-starved
39. A. big B. clear C. cold D. easy
40. A. trying B. waiting C. watching D. sharing
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. B 36. C 37. B 38. D 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述北欧一个小镇长达半年没有阳光照射，为此当地政府在附近的山顶安装了一套镜子设备把阳光反射到小镇的广场，让民众享受到自然的阳光。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. only仅仅；B. obviously显然地；C. nearly几乎；D. precisely准确的。根据前文from late September to mid-March可知，从九月底到三月中旬，差不多半年，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. fear害怕；B. believe相信；C. hear听见；D. notice注意。根据后文We see the sky is 43 , but down in the valley it’s darker可知，我们看到天空是蓝色的，但是到山谷的时候，就会变得更暗了，故可知太阳照耀的时候，我们观察得到，故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. empty空的；B. blue蓝色的；C. high高的；D. wide宽的。根据常识可知，有太阳的时候，天空是蓝色的，故选B。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. cloudy多云的；B. normal正常的；C. different不同的；D. warm温暖的。根据前文down in the valley it’s darker可知，到山谷的时候，天变暗了，像阴天一样，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. helped帮助；B. changed改变；C. happened发生；D. mattered关系重大。根据后文可知，该镇引入一套阳光反射镜来改变这种情况，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. computers电脑；B. telescopes望远镜；C. mirrors镜子；D. cameras相机。根据后文to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks可知，从附近的山顶上反射太阳光，故推知为一枚镜子，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. remembered记得；B. forecasted预报；C. received获得，收到；D. imagined想象。根据句意可知，该镇的居民获得了冬天里的第一缕阳光，故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. repair修理；B. risk风险；C. rest休息；D. use使用。根据前一句their very first ray of winter sunshine可知，获得了冬天的第一缕阳光，是由于反射板投入使用了，故选D。put sth to use把某物投入使用。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些镜子由电脑控制，指导他们整天跟着太阳的位置移动而移动，在大风的天气就自动关闭。A. forbids禁止；B. directs指导，导演；C. predicts预测；D. follows跟随，追随。本句描述这套系统的工作原理，电脑控制镜子的移动，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. day白天；B. night夜晚；C. month月；D. year年。根据文章可知，太阳光出现在白天，故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. library图书馆；B. hall大厅；C. square广场；D. street街道。根据后文The town square可知，镜子反射聚集的光会照在小镇的中心广场上，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. appeared出现；B. returned归还；C. faded褪去；D. stopped停止。根据后文Rjukan residents gathered together可知，当光照出现的时候，居民出来，故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. driving驾驶；B. hiding隐藏；C. camping露营；D. sitting坐。根据本句and standing there可知，光照出现的时候，人们会出来活动，坐在那里，站在那里，故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. pictures照片，图片；B. notes笔记；C. care照顾；D. hold抓住。根据文章可知，会彼此拍照，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. new新的；B. full满的；C. flat平坦的；D. silent沉默的。根据后文I think almost all the people in the town were there.可知，差不多全镇的人都在广场上，故可知广场全是人，故选B。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. block阻挡；B. avoid避免；C. enjoy喜欢，享受；D. store储存。根据句意可知，并不是3500名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，故选C。
【37题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. Instead代替；B. However然而；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Similarly相似地。前一句意思是说并不是3500名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，后一句表达新的光线对小镇人们的意义不仅仅是提供光线，前后句属于转折关系，故选B。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. nature-loving热爱自然的；B. energy-saving节能的；C. weather-beaten受风雨侵蚀的；D. sun-starved渴望阳光的。根据前文可知，小镇差不多半年没有阳光，故可知小镇人们渴望阳光，故选D。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. big大的；B. clear清晰的；C. cold冷的；D. easy容易的。根据前文可知，镜子反射的光线有限，范围不够大，故选A。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. trying尝试；B. waiting等待；C. watching观看；D. sharing分享。大家一起分享就足够了，故选D。
第II卷（非选择题50分）
第一题 语法填空(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence ___41___ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ___42___(poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modern methods ___43___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___44___(perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ___45___(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ___46___(believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by ___47___(note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ___48___(high) than they actually are. Of ___49___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ____50____(be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
【答案】41. that
42. poorly 43. of/for
44. to perform
45. have reported
46. belief 47. noting
48. higher 49. the
50. are
【解析】
【分析】本文为说明文。文章介绍了近年来北极熊的生存状况。
【41题详解】
考查同位语从句。根据句子结构分析可知，主句为there be句型，且结构完整，空格后为同位语从句，解释说明中心词evidence的内容，故填that。
【42题详解】
考查副词用法。根据句意和结构分析可知，此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词has been studied，意为“研究很少”。故填poorly。
【43题详解】
考查介词用法。此处tracking polar bear populations作Modern methods定语，用of连接，“methods of doing sth.”意为“……的方法”，构成固定结构；或者意为“对于跟踪北极熊的方法”用for。故填of/for。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：跟踪北极熊数量的现代方法只是从二十世纪八十年代中期以来才开始采用，并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的。主系表结构之后常用不定式作原因或目的状语。故此处填to perform。
【45题详解】
考查时态。根据上下文语境，尤其是时间状语in recent years可知，主句用现在完成时态，故填have reported。
【46题详解】
考查名词。根据其前不定冠词和其后的同位语从句可知，空格处用名词形式，故填belief。
【47题详解】
考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词by可知，此处用动名词作宾语，故填noting。
【48题详解】
考查形容词比较级。根据其后than they actually are可知，此处为形容词的比较级，故填higher。
【49题详解】
考查定冠词。此处为特指，意为“在已识别的19个北极熊亚种群中”，故填the。
【50题详解】
考查主谓一致。根据three are declining，此处数词six作主语，要用复数谓语，时态为一般现在时，故填are。
第二题 短文改错（10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin. Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud. Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity, others were nervous and anxious. I had done myself homework but I was shy. I was afraid that to speak in front of a larger group of people. At that moment, I remembered that my father once said, "The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from textbooks, and mistake as well." Immediate, I raised my hand.
【答案】
【解析】
【详解】本文为记叙文。文章主要介绍了写作课上作者克服恐惧心理主动回答问题的故事。
第一处：考查时态构成。根据语境可知，句子用过去完成时，过去完成时的构成是had done，所以begin要改为begun。
第二处：考查非谓语动词。根据句子成分分析，本句有谓语为was，而且没有连词，与主语是主动关系，所以wait 要用非谓语waiting，表伴随。
第三处：考查连词。句意：每个人都沉默了，等着看谁会被要求朗读他或她的段落。一次只能叫一个人，男女两者是选择关系，故把and改为or。
第四处：考查固定搭配。be eager to do sth渴望做某事，故eager后加to。
第五处：考查代词错误。句意：我已经完成了自己的作业。表示“我的”用my不用myself，或改为定冠词the也可以。
第六处：考查固定结构。be afraid to do害怕做某事，所以that为多余，删掉。
第七处：考查比较级。句意：我不敢在一大群人面前说话。这里没有比较的意思，故把larger改为large。
第八处：考查主谓一致。that作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数includes。
第九处：考查名词单复数。错误不是一个，所以要用复数。
第十处：考查副词。此处要用副词在句中做状语修饰整个句子，故把immediate改为immediately。
【点睛】此题中的难点为非谓语动词的考查，如第二处错误，第五处错误，第二处解答时要分析句子结构，根据句中是否有谓语，连词来判断使用谓语还是非谓语，再根据句子主语everyone，与wait 之间为主动关系，所以要用现在分词。而第五处则主要考查be afraid to do 这一短语。
第三题 书面表达25分
52. 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友John写信告诉你近日他由于沉迷电脑游戏，健康受到很大影响。他十分焦虑，请你根据以下要点，给他写一封回信，建议他养成良好的生活习惯。
要点:
1.限制玩游戏的时间，把注意力逐渐转移到其他事情上
2.规定起床和睡觉的时间，形成良好的作息习惯
3.每天锻炼半小时，增强体质
注意:
1.词数100-120，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear John，
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear John,
I’m sorry to hear that you' re addicted to computer games which have had a bad influence on your health. I know you worry about it very much. As a good friend, I'm willing to give you some advice.
Firstly, you should limit the time that you spend playing computer games and pay more attention to other things. Secondly, you should get up and go to bed at a specific time so that you can form a habit of getting up and going to bed regularly. Thirdly, you should do exercise for about half an hour every day to strengthen your body. I do hope that you can get rid of computer games and form a healthy lifestyle.
Best wishes!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇考查的作文类型是应用文写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知, 本篇为一封回信；假设你是李华。你的英国笔友John写信告诉你近日他由于沉迷于电脑游戏，健康受到很大影响。他十分焦虑。请你根据以下要点提示，给他写一封回信，建议他养成良好的生活习惯。要点如下：①限制玩游戏的时间，把精力逐渐转移到其他事情上；②规定起床和睡觉的时间，形成良好的作息时间；③每天锻炼半小时，增强体质。
第2步：根据写作要求, 确定关键词（组）, 如：be addicted to（沉迷于）；have a bad influence on（对……有坏影响）；worry about（担心）；be willing to（愿意）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句, 注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用第一人称和一般现在时。
第4步：连句成文, 注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡, 书写一定要规范清晰, 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【高分句型一】
Nearly everyone may have one of these periods when everything seems to be going wrong.几乎每个人都可能有这样一个时期，所有的事情似乎都出了问题。这句话运用了when引导的定语从句。
【高分句型二】
In my opinion, it would be wise to take the following advice. 在我看来，采取如下的建议是明智的。这句话运用了it作形式主语。
