初三英语完形填空策略指导课件（共有PPT18张）

(共18张PPT)
完形填空解题策略
完形填空是一种既对局部进行考查、又对整体进行宏观考查的试题类型，是一种考查语言知识综合运用能力的测试形式。其要求考生根据文章的整体内容和结构，在区分其内在逻辑关系的同时，选择符合文章情节的答案。命题特点是“立足语境、强调推理、注重实际”。
完形填空概述
中考完形填空采用的考试形式通常为：记叙文、短篇小说、议论文、科普文章、剧本、书信、电子邮件等大多数学生熟悉的长度为300--380词的文本中留出15个空白处，构成15个小题，每小题有4个选项，要求考生从中选出一个最佳答案，使内容完整、正确，构成一篇完整、可阅读的。
完形填空考查体裁
完形填空解题技巧
词语复现解题法是指某一个词以原词或同义词等方式在同一语篇中重复出现。语篇中的句子通过复现关系达到相互衔接的目的。词语复现又可分为原词复现、同源词复现（又叫同根词复现）、同义词或近义词复现（包括与近义词的同根词复现，如ill 与sick）、上下义复现（即总括与分述，如animal是sheep,tiger等的上义词；rose是flower的下义词）、反义复现等。
Tip1: 词语复现解题法
小试牛刀
Mrs Neidl would ask me for my _______. She wanted to know how I thought... She believed I had opinions, so I began to ...
( ) A. opinion B. information C. invention D. introduction
The art experts who work at the gallery say they used modern chemistry technology to ________ the paint on the picture. These checks found trace(痕迹）of paint deep in the picture dating from about 1814.
( ) A. try B. remove C. wash D. check
A
D
原词复现
Tip2: 上下文语境逻辑推理解题法
这类题主要是通过短文中上下语境所透露的信息进行解题。首先要正确理解所给信息，再进行合理分析和推断，这种语境信息一定要遵循逻辑概念。这种逻辑关系主要包含并列关系、对比关系、递进关系、因果关系、转折关系、让步关系和结果关系等。这类题的选项多为连词、副词或具有连词意义的各类短语。
小试牛刀
When we talked, I discovered some differences in school life between the US and China. For example, each class lasts fifty minutes in the US. It is a little _______ than that in China. We usually have forty-five minutes in each class.
( ) A. shorter B. longer C. earlier D. later
Mrs Black would ask me for my opinion. She wanted to know how I thought we should handle thngs. At first I had no idea to answer because I know ________ about stage design!
( ) A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything
B
C
对比关系
因果关系
Tip3: 词义辨析和固定搭配解题法
这类题主要是惯用搭配，涉及到关联词、动词、副词、形容词、名词和短语等。
小试牛刀
The chance passed and I didn't _____ it. I took the exam the next day and I won. I didn't mean to cheat, but I was still cheating anyhow.
( ) A. take B. have C. lose D. find
The nurse had him take a ______ in the waiting area, telling him it would be at least 40 minutes before someone would be able to see him.
( ) A. breath B. test C. seat D. walk
A
B
The chance passed 和 I didn't take the chance构成并列关系，意为“没有抓住机会”
Tip4: 语法结构解题法
这类题需要考生有较为扎实的语法基础知识，能够从句式的结构上辨别出，并填入相关的关联词、连词、副词、形容词或相应的动词。当然还要考虑到主谓一致等语法知识要点。
As my father, _____ worked three jobs, once told me...
( ) A. he B. whose C. who D. whom
She was French-- perhaps from that place _____ he usually spent his holidays.
( ) A. where B. when C. that D. which
小试牛刀
C
A
定语从句
Tip5: 根据生活常识解题法
将文本意思和我们原有的生活经验、文化背景知识，以及科普常识结合起来，进行简单推理，从而得出正确答案。事实上，该技巧与“逻辑推理”常常交织在一起，因为虽有背景常识，仍需要简单推理，逻辑推理离不开背景常识。
小试牛刀
... “Ma'am” the officer replied, “ you weren't speeding, but you should know that driving ______ than the speed limit can also be a danger to other drivers. The same as a speeder.”
( ) A. closer B. slower C. farther D. higher
...For shy people, it can be __1__ to make friends, speak in class, and even get a good job. But scientists say you can __2__ your shyness. They suggest trying __3__ things and practicing conversation.
( ) 1. A. difficult B. safe C. harmful D. surprising
( ) 2. A. run into B. look for C. get over D. depend on
( ) 3. A. new B. private C. awful D. heavy
B
A
C
A
生活常识
完形填空运用挑战
I sat down to read under an old tree in the park. I felt my life was __1__ for my whole world was dark. A young boy ran up to me, out of ___2___, he stood right before me with his head down and said ___3___, “ look what I found!” In his hand was flower, and what a poor sight! The flower was dry and __4__. I gave him a small smile and then turned my eyes away so that he could take his dry flower and go off to play.
( ) 1. A. hopeless B. colourful C. simple D. wonderful
( ) 2. A. mind B. trouble C. breath D. work
( ) 3. A.sadly B. strictly C. angrily D. excitedly
( ) 4. A. dead B. fresh C. alive D. heavy
A
C
D
A
上下文语境逻辑推理解题法
生活常识解题法
上下文语境逻辑推理解题法
生活常识解题法
完形填空运用挑战
Diaosi wasn't a good term(术语）. It was used to describe those poor and ordinary youth___1___ stayed at home all day playing video games, with no hope for the future. In other words, it meant a __2__. However, as it went popular on the Internet, young people from different countries began to like and attracted it. And the diaosi are most between 30 and 39 years old. These people __3__ more than 80 percent of the population of the diaosi.
( ) 1. A. what B. which C. who D. how
( ) 2. A. loser B. winner C. player D. man
( ) 3. A.give up B. look up C. take up D. make up
C
A
C
语法结构解题法（定语从句）
上下文语境逻辑推理解题法
上下文语境逻辑推理，词义辨析解题法
1．注重首、尾句。
2．克服畏难、急躁情绪,耐心通读全文。
3．切勿看到一个空格就急着选出一个答
案，必须纵观全文、通篇考虑。
4．动笔时先易后难,注意从文中同样结构或
类似结构中寻找提示，大胆地作出猜测。
5．如果选项从语法角度无法确定，则必须从
语篇(前提示、后暗示)意义上加以鉴别。
完形填空贴士
Thank you!