It的用法小结大全课件
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‘It’的用法
It的用法
用作人称代词
1.用于指事。It用作人称代词最基本的用法就是代替前面已提到过的事物，以避免重复。
I cannot find my watch；I must have lost it.
2.用于指动物或婴儿。主要用于指动物或性别不详的婴儿。
①“Where is the cat ’’ “ It is under the bed.”
②They got a baby and it very lovely.
3.用于上文提到的情况。
He smokes a lot in bed and I don’t like it.
4.用于指人。it 用于指人主要用于确定未知人的身份：
①“Who is it？” “It’s me.”
②Someone must have been here.But we have no idea who
it was.
5.指人时与he和she的区别。当it用于指人时，主要用于确定未知的或身份不明的人，
若是指已知的或身份明确的人，则应根据情况使用he或she。比较：
⑴ I hear a knock at the door.It must be the postmen.
⑵Jim is at the door.He wants to see you.
6.指物时与One的区别。两者均可代替前面提到的事物，区别是：It指的是与前面已提到的事物为同一物，此时的It等于“the (this, that, my’… )+名词;而one指的是与前面已提到的事物为同一事物，此时的one等于“a+名词”。比较：
⑴. I have a pen but I’ve lent it to Mary .
⑵. I haven’t a pen ; can you lend me one
1.用于指时间
It’s three years since he left here .
2.用于指距离
How far is it from here to the station
3.用于指环境
It was very quiet in the garden .
4.用于指天气等自然现象
⑴. It’s very cold today .
⑵. It’s 37℃ today .
用作虚主语或虚宾语
5.用于笼统地谈论某情况
I cannot help it . 没办法了。
“How’s it going？”“well，not so good.”
用作形式主语
1. 基本用法。当不定式、动名词、从句等用作主语时，为避免头重脚轻，通常在句首使用形式 主语it，而把真正的主语放在句子末尾：
⑴Is it necessary to do so？
⑵It doesn’t matter what she says.
2几种特殊的形式主语
⑴.用作动词look 、seem 、appear 、happen 、occur 、follow 等的主语（后接that从句或as if从句）：
①It seems as if it is going to rain.
②It（so）happened that I had no money with me.
⑵当系表结构接有或引出的状语从句时，通常在系表结构前使用形式主语表示说话人对某情况的看法：
①It was a good surprise to me when he said that .
②It would be a tragedy if anything went wrong.
⑶用于其他固定句型,如if it were not for…,it’s time that…
3误用形式主语的几种情况:
⑴在该用it作形式主语的地方而误用其他词
Is ____ necessary to tell his father everything
A.it B.that C. what D.he
⑵在不该用it作形式主语的地方而误用形式主语
____must be something wrong with the machine.
A.There B.It C.He D.That
①___is known to all,the earth runs around the earth .
②__is known to all that the earth runs around the earth .
A.It B.which C.As D.That
③__is difficult to persuade her to stay.
④__is difficult is to persuade her to stay.
A.It B.what C.He D.That
A
A
试比较：
C
A
A
B
1.基本用法：当不定式.动名词 从句等用作宾语且其后跟有宾补时,就应在宾补前使用形式宾语,而将真正的宾语移到句末:
① We found it difficult to persuade her.
② He make it a rule to get up before dawn.
2.几种特殊的形式宾语：
通常意义的形式宾语主要见于真正宾语为不定式.动名词 从句等且其后跟有宾语补足语时的情形，即用于“动词＋it＋宾语补足语＋真正宾语”这样的结构，但以下几类形式宾语比教特殊，其后没有宾补：
⑴由于介词后通常不能直接跟从句作宾语，有个别特殊结构就在介词后先接it作形式宾语，再跟that从句：
① You may depend on it that he will turn up in time .
②I’ll see to it that all these letters will be sent to the post office before twelve.
用作形式宾语
①在其他情况下解决介词后跟that从句的办法是借用the fact作宾语：
They were worried over the fact that you were sick.
②个别介词（主要是but和 except）也可接that从句作宾语：
I know nothing about him except that he lives next door.
⑵有的动词由于通常只用作及物动词，当它们后接if从句或when从句，通常应先在动词后接it作形式宾语。
①She won’t like it if you arrive late.
②He hates it when people use his bike.
能这样用的动词不多，主要有enjoy，like，dislike，love，hate，prefer，appreciate等表示情绪的动词。
I hate_____when people talk with their mouths full.
A. it B. that C .these D. them
请看一高考题：
A
⑶用于have it that（说、认为）,take it that（认为）等固定表达中:
①I take it that you agree.
②Report has it that about 30 people were killed in the accident,
用于强调句型中
It用于强调句型中（略）
高考真题精选：
1.Is____possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship
A. now B. man C. that D.it
2.Is___necessary to complete the design before National Day
A this B. that C. it D.he
3.I don’t think __ possible to master a foreign language
without much memory work. A this B. that C. its D.it
4.Does__matter if he can’t finish the job on time
A this B. that C. he D.it
D
C
D
D
5.___is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There B. This C. That D. It
6.I hate __when people talk with their mouths full.
A. it B. that C. them D.／
7.The Parkers bought a new house but __ will need a lot of work before they can move in.
A. they B. it C. one D. which
高考仿真题精选：
1.Luckily,___ happened to be a foreign teacher.
A. it B. there C. they D. that
2.You should make__ a rule to leave things where you can find them again. A. it B. that C. you D. this
3.___ is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth once every month.
A. It B. As C. That D. What
D
A
B
B
A
B
4.I want very much to buy a color TV set,but I can’t afford___ A. it B. one C. this D. that
5.I should prefer___ if you didn’t go there alone.
A. it B. that C. you D. which
6.He is always really rude, ___ is why people tend to avoid him.
A. that B. it C. this D. which
7.Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but___ remains to be seen whether they will enjoy it.
A. that B. it C. this D. which
8. Dear me ！Just look at the time ！I had no idea __was so late.
A. it B. as C. that D.what
9.__ is hard is to do good all one’s life and never do anything bad.
A. He B. It C. That D.What
B
A
D
B
A
D
10.___is hard to do good all one’s life and never do anything bad.
A. He B. It C. That D. What
11.__doesn’t seem to have been much difficulty in solving the problem
A. It B. That C. There D. He
12.I can’t remember a Christmas when __ snowed so much.
A. it B. that C. what D. the weather
B
C
A
‘It’的用法
It的用法
用作人称代词
1.用于指事。It用作人称代词最基本的用法就是代替前面已提到过的事物，以避免重复。
I cannot find my watch；I must have lost it.
2.用于指动物或婴儿。主要用于指动物或性别不详的婴儿。
①“Where is the cat ’’ “ It is under the bed.”
②They got a baby and it very lovely.
3.用于上文提到的情况。
He smokes a lot in bed and I don’t like it.
4.用于指人。it 用于指人主要用于确定未知人的身份：
①“Who is it？” “It’s me.”
②Someone must have been here.But we have no idea who
it was.
5.指人时与he和she的区别。当it用于指人时，主要用于确定未知的或身份不明的人，
若是指已知的或身份明确的人，则应根据情况使用he或she。比较：
⑴ I hear a knock at the door.It must be the postmen.
⑵Jim is at the door.He wants to see you.
6.指物时与One的区别。两者均可代替前面提到的事物，区别是：It指的是与前面已提到的事物为同一物，此时的It等于“the (this, that, my’… )+名词;而one指的是与前面已提到的事物为同一事物，此时的one等于“a+名词”。比较：
⑴. I have a pen but I’ve lent it to Mary .
⑵. I haven’t a pen ; can you lend me one
1.用于指时间
It’s three years since he left here .
2.用于指距离
How far is it from here to the station
3.用于指环境
It was very quiet in the garden .
4.用于指天气等自然现象
⑴. It’s very cold today .
⑵. It’s 37℃ today .
用作虚主语或虚宾语
5.用于笼统地谈论某情况
I cannot help it . 没办法了。
“How’s it going？”“well，not so good.”
用作形式主语
1. 基本用法。当不定式、动名词、从句等用作主语时，为避免头重脚轻，通常在句首使用形式 主语it，而把真正的主语放在句子末尾：
⑴Is it necessary to do so？
⑵It doesn’t matter what she says.
2几种特殊的形式主语
⑴.用作动词look 、seem 、appear 、happen 、occur 、follow 等的主语（后接that从句或as if从句）：
①It seems as if it is going to rain.
②It（so）happened that I had no money with me.
⑵当系表结构接有或引出的状语从句时，通常在系表结构前使用形式主语表示说话人对某情况的看法：
①It was a good surprise to me when he said that .
②It would be a tragedy if anything went wrong.
⑶用于其他固定句型,如if it were not for…,it’s time that…
3误用形式主语的几种情况:
⑴在该用it作形式主语的地方而误用其他词
Is ____ necessary to tell his father everything
A.it B.that C. what D.he
⑵在不该用it作形式主语的地方而误用形式主语
____must be something wrong with the machine.
A.There B.It C.He D.That
①___is known to all,the earth runs around the earth .
②__is known to all that the earth runs around the earth .
A.It B.which C.As D.That
③__is difficult to persuade her to stay.
④__is difficult is to persuade her to stay.
A.It B.what C.He D.That
A
A
试比较：
C
A
A
B
1.基本用法：当不定式.动名词 从句等用作宾语且其后跟有宾补时,就应在宾补前使用形式宾语,而将真正的宾语移到句末:
① We found it difficult to persuade her.
② He make it a rule to get up before dawn.
2.几种特殊的形式宾语：
通常意义的形式宾语主要见于真正宾语为不定式.动名词 从句等且其后跟有宾语补足语时的情形，即用于“动词＋it＋宾语补足语＋真正宾语”这样的结构，但以下几类形式宾语比教特殊，其后没有宾补：
⑴由于介词后通常不能直接跟从句作宾语，有个别特殊结构就在介词后先接it作形式宾语，再跟that从句：
① You may depend on it that he will turn up in time .
②I’ll see to it that all these letters will be sent to the post office before twelve.
用作形式宾语
①在其他情况下解决介词后跟that从句的办法是借用the fact作宾语：
They were worried over the fact that you were sick.
②个别介词（主要是but和 except）也可接that从句作宾语：
I know nothing about him except that he lives next door.
⑵有的动词由于通常只用作及物动词，当它们后接if从句或when从句，通常应先在动词后接it作形式宾语。
①She won’t like it if you arrive late.
②He hates it when people use his bike.
能这样用的动词不多，主要有enjoy，like，dislike，love，hate，prefer，appreciate等表示情绪的动词。
I hate_____when people talk with their mouths full.
A. it B. that C .these D. them
请看一高考题：
A
⑶用于have it that（说、认为）,take it that（认为）等固定表达中:
①I take it that you agree.
②Report has it that about 30 people were killed in the accident,
用于强调句型中
It用于强调句型中（略）
高考真题精选：
1.Is____possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship
A. now B. man C. that D.it
2.Is___necessary to complete the design before National Day
A this B. that C. it D.he
3.I don’t think __ possible to master a foreign language
without much memory work. A this B. that C. its D.it
4.Does__matter if he can’t finish the job on time
A this B. that C. he D.it
D
C
D
D
5.___is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There B. This C. That D. It
6.I hate __when people talk with their mouths full.
A. it B. that C. them D.／
7.The Parkers bought a new house but __ will need a lot of work before they can move in.
A. they B. it C. one D. which
高考仿真题精选：
1.Luckily,___ happened to be a foreign teacher.
A. it B. there C. they D. that
2.You should make__ a rule to leave things where you can find them again. A. it B. that C. you D. this
3.___ is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth once every month.
A. It B. As C. That D. What
D
A
B
B
A
B
4.I want very much to buy a color TV set,but I can’t afford___ A. it B. one C. this D. that
5.I should prefer___ if you didn’t go there alone.
A. it B. that C. you D. which
6.He is always really rude, ___ is why people tend to avoid him.
A. that B. it C. this D. which
7.Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but___ remains to be seen whether they will enjoy it.
A. that B. it C. this D. which
8. Dear me ！Just look at the time ！I had no idea __was so late.
A. it B. as C. that D.what
9.__ is hard is to do good all one’s life and never do anything bad.
A. He B. It C. That D.What
B
A
D
B
A
D
10.___is hard to do good all one’s life and never do anything bad.
A. He B. It C. That D. What
11.__doesn’t seem to have been much difficulty in solving the problem
A. It B. That C. There D. He
12.I can’t remember a Christmas when __ snowed so much.
A. it B. that C. what D. the weather
B
C
A