人教版（2019）选择性必修一Unit 2 Looking into the Future单元提优测试卷（含答案）

Unit 2-单元提优测试卷
时间：100分钟　　　满分：120分
　选择题部分
第二部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The plan:turn the Mars into a blue world with streams and green fields,and then fill it with creatures from the earth.This idea may sound like something from science fiction,but it is actually being taken seriously by many researchers.This suggests the future for the “red planet” will be the main topic for discussion at an international conference hosted by NASA this week.Leading researchers as well as science fiction writers will attend the event.It comes as NASA is preparing a multi-billion-dollar Mars research programme.
“Turning the Mars into a little earth has long been a topic in science fiction,”said Dr Michael Meyer,NASA’s senior scientist.“Now,with scientists exploring the reality,we can ask what are the real possibilities of changing the Mars.” Most scientists agree that the Mars could be turned into a little earth,although much time and money would be needed to achieve this goal.But many experts are shocked by the idea.“We are destroying our own world at an unbelievable speed and now we are talking about ruining another planet,” said Paul Murdin from the Institute of Astronomy,Cambridge,UK.
Over the past months,scientists have become increasingly confident they will find Martian life forms.Europe and America’s robot explorers have found the proof that water,mixed with soil,exists in large amounts on the planet.
In addition,two different groups of scientists announced on March 28 that they had found signs of methane (甲烷) in the Martian atmosphere; the gas is a waste product of living creatures and could be produced by microbes (微生物) living in the red planet’s soil.But scientists such as Dr Lisa Pratt,a biologist at Indiana University,say that these microbes will be put in danger by the little earth project.
“Before we have even discovered if there is life on the Mars,we are talking about carrying out projects that would destroy all these native life forms,all the strange microbes that we hope to find buried in the soil,” said Dr Pratt.
Monica Grady,a planetary scientist at the Natural History Museum,London,shares this view.“We cannot risk starting a global experiment that would wipe out the precious information we are looking for,” she said.“This is just wrong.”
1.What is the passage mainly about
A.A plan turning the Mars into a little earth.
B.The necessity of changing the Mars.
C.Finding water on the Mars.
D.The Mars supporting life.
2.Why is Dr Lisa Pratt against the plan
A.Water has been found on the Mars.
B.It will cost too much money and work.
C.The native life forms on the Mars would be destroyed.
D.The earth is being destroyed at an unbelievable speed.
3.What could prove the existence of microbes living in the Mars’ soil
A.Liquid water on the Mars.
B.Some creatures on the Mars.
C.A lot of good soil on the Mars.
D.Signs of methane in the Mars’ atmosphere.
4.What can we infer from the passage
A.Water is a key factor for life; without it,living on the Mars would be impossible.
B.The project won’t affect the native life forms supposed to live on the Mars.
C.The idea turning the Mars into a little earth is nothing but science fiction.
D.Monica Grady is in favour of carrying out the little earth project.
B
If you could travel in time,where would you go Perhaps you would watch an original performance of a Shakespeare’s play in Elizabethan England
What about hanging out with Laozi in the Spring and Autumn Period Or maybe you’d voyage far ahead of the present day to see what the future holds.The possibility of time travel is indeed appealing.Stories exploring the subject have been around for hundreds of years.Perhaps the best known example is science fiction novel The Time Machine,which was written by H.G.Wells and published in 1895 for the first time.It was adapted into at least two feature films of the same name,as well as two television versions,and a large number of comic book adaptations.It is generally credited with the popularization of the concept of time travel using a vehicle that allows an operator to travel purposefully and selectively.The term “time machine”,coined by Wells,is now universally used to refer to a vehicle transporting people into the far future.
But could time travel actually be possible Some scientists say yes,in theory.They propose using cracks in time and space called “wormholes”,which could be used as shortcuts to other periods.Einstein’s theory of relativity allows time travel in extreme circumstances.And British physicist Stephen Hawking says you could travel into the future with a really fast spaceship—going at nearly the speed of light.Though building such a spaceship would of course be no simple task.
Even if you could travel into the past,there is something called the “grandfather paradox”.It asks what would happen if a time traveler were to go back in time and have his own grandfather killed for some reason,and therefore prevent himself from being born.If the time traveler wasn’t born,how would he travel back in time
And would you really like to visit the future In H.G.Wells’ book,the main character travels into distant time where he arrives at a beach and is attacked by giant crabs.He then voyages 30 million years into the future where the only living thing is a black object with tentacles(触角).If that’s what’s in store,maybe we are better just living in the present day after all.
5.The novel The Time Machine mentioned in Paragraph 2 aims to show 　　　.
A.people’s interest in time travel
B.the special feature of the book
C.the long history of time travel
D.the contribution of H.G.Wells
6.Einstein’s and Hawking’s theories 　　　.
A.have similarities in many ways
B.push the invention of the first spaceship
C.have proved wrong by some time travelers
D.suggest the possibility to invent the time machine
7.In Paragraph 4,“grandfather paradox” probably refers to the idea that 　　　.
A.the traveler is prevented from meeting his grandfather
B.the traveler goes back in time to seek for his grandfather
C.the grandfather’s death makes the traveler’s birth impossible
D.The reunion of the traveler and his grandfather brings happiness
C
Nowadays six Amazon Scout delivery robots rolled out in a pilot program in Snohomish County,Wash.The robots carry meals,groceries and packages to homes and offices in this region just north of Seattle.They have appeared on the sidewalks of London,Beijing and other cities and communities worldwide.These machines must overcome pedestrian legs,naughty dogs and broken pavement,which raises some questions.
These services are gaining attraction as a growing number of city residents expect immediate or scheduled delivery for just about everything.Between 2017 and 2018 online retail sales in the U.S.increased by 16 percent.On the final step of all these deliveries,called the last mile,humans on bicycles,motorized scooters (电动车) or large delivery trucks typically deliver packages.All the vehicles compete for space on busy urban streets.“Deliveries are trending upwards in all crowded city centers,and if city and state leaders don’t start thinking about creative solutions like robot deliveries,we can expect even worse traffic jams,” says Paul Mackie,director of a transportation policy research center in Arlington.
A study by this center found 73 percent of delivery vehicles in Arlington were parked outside of authorized areas,often blocking bike lanes and crosswalks.By moving the last step of deliveries from the road to the sidewalk,cities could reduce traffic jams and solve the parking problem entirely,Mackie says.
Companies such as Amazon are not developing this delivery technology simply to clear up urban traffic.Self-driving vehicles and sidewalk robots could cut down last-mile delivery costs in cities by as much as 40 percent,according to a 2018 report by a consultancy firm.A delivery robot can cost thousands of dollars to manufacture,and most currently require human management and conservation.But in the long run companies that use autonomous delivery vehicles in the next several years could end up saving billions of dollars,the report stated.
8.Why does Amazon introduce delivery robots
A.To amuse its customers.
B.To avoid pedestrians,dogs and broken pavement.
C.To meet the increasing demand of delivering packages.
D.To confirm the company’s innovation spirit.
9.What does Paul Mackie mean by his words in Paragraph 2
A.Retail sales in the U.S.increased fast.
B.Deliveries stay steady in all crowded city centers.
C.Regardless of robot deliveries,traffic jams will remain the same.
D.Robots can help ease the traffic pressure.
10.What can robots delivery bring to the city
A.Block bike lanes and crosswalks.
B.Relieve urban traffic as well as save delivery costs.
C.Increase danger to pedestrians.
D.Lead to traffic jams.
11.Which word can best describe the future of the robot delivery
A.Uncertain.
B.Hopeless.
C.Promising.
D.Unacceptable.
D
Can you imagine a cloud floating in the middle of your room Do you want to know what it feels like to fly like a bird Find your answers in Time Magazine’s 25 “Best Inventions”.Here,we have picked out the most interesting 4 to share with you.
Talking Gloves
Ever felt confused by the sign language used by disabled people Here is the “helping hand” you need.Four Ukrainian students have created a pair of gloves that helps people with hearing and speech problems communicate with others.The gloves are equipped with sensors that recognize sign language and translate it into text on a smartphone.Then the smartphone changes the text to spoken words.
Google Glasses
Google Glasses are like a computer built into the frame of a pair of glasses.With its 1.3-centimeter display,the glasses allow you to surf the Internet and make calls without even lifting a finger.The glasses also have a camera and GPS mapping system.Users can take and share photos,check maps and surf the Internet just by looking up,down,left and right.
Indoor Clouds
It’s not virtual.That’s a real world.Dutch artist Smilde managed to create a small but perfect white cloud in the middle of a room using a fog machine.But it required careful planning—the temperature,humidity(湿度)and lighting all had to be just right.Once everything was ready,the cloud formed in the air with the machine.But it only lasted for a short while.
Wingsuits
The suit fulfills your dreams of flying like a bird.Well,not exactly flying,but gliding(滑翔)through the air.It increases the surface area of the human body,which makes it easier for people to float in the air.Fliers wearing wingsuits can glide one kilometer in about 30 seconds.
12.How can users of Google Glasses surf the Internet
A.By moving the mouse.
B.By tapping the keyboard.
C.By pressing the button.
D.By moving the eyeballs.
13.Which of the following can help you fly
A.Talking Gloves. B.Google Glasses.
C.Wingsuits. D.Indoor Clouds.
14.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage
A.To introduce some interesting inventions.
B.To encourage people to buy these products.
C.To draw people’s attention to technology.
D.To bring some pleasure to young readers.
15.Who will probably be the users of “Talking Gloves”
A.Disabled people.　　　B.Normal people.
C.Trained people. D.Working people.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The man who could see the future
The ability to predict the future is a rare talent.American author Isaac Asimov (1920—1992),one of the great science fiction writers of his age,had such a talent.　1　 Now that we’re here,let’s see what he got right.
　2　 Asimov thought computers would cause a revolution comparable to the industrial revolution of the 19th century.Specifically,he said that “mobile computerized objects” would be an important part of everyday life.Here,he clearly predicted our world of smartphones,tables and other devices.He also had a great deal to say about space exploration.　3　
How did Asimov develop his special sense of future developments 　4　 He read the newspapers and magazines sold in his parents’ candy store.His scientific interest gained sharper focus at Columbia University in New York.Asimov went to study chemistry,but became bored with pure laboratory science.Instead,he thought hard about the social implications(作用) of science.He wanted to communicate his ideas to the public.
　5　 Asimov had his finger on the pulse(脉搏)of both scientific and social change.He had a clear vision of what was coming around the corner for humanity in his works like the Galactic Empire series(《银河帝国系列》).“His predictions are absolutely fascinating,” Calum Chase,an English writer,told BBC News.“He was a genius.”
A.As a smart boy,Asimov taught himself to read at the age of five.
B.Space exploration really can make our life more convenient and comfortable.
C.Back in 1983,he was asked to predict what the world would look like in 2019.
D.On the role that computing would play in the future,he was amazingly accurate.
E.Asimov has developed a great interest in computer programming since childhood.
F.As an author,his books would feature the theme of social change caused by technology.
G.The International Space Station proves his prediction that we would not simply visit space but seek to stay there.
第三部分　语言运用(共三节，满分40分)
第一节　完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A story spread around that a 13-year-old boy fell into a river of sewage(下水道)and was saved by rescuers.The boy,Phil,was 　1　 more than 12 hours in the city’s dangerous underground sewage system.It is 　2　 with waste liquids and other waste materials,which were poisonous.
Phil had been playing at a public park with other　3　 during a family gathering on Sunday.At one point,the children were on pieces of wood that 　4　 an opening leading to the sewage system.One of the wooden boards 　5　.The boy fell about eight meters down and landed in fast-moving waste water.
The other children　6　 told adults what had happened.The adults then called an emergency telephone line for help.Rescuers immediately began 　7　 Phil underground.They set cameras on floatation devices,which they put into the sewage system.
Rescuers finally　8　 Phil after seeing images of handprints on a pipe.A crew of sanitation(卫生系统)workers hurried to the 　9　 and opened a hole.The first thing they heard was “Help!”
The crew lowered down a　10　 rope to Phil.The boy held onto the rope while workers 　11　 him up.By the time workers found Phil,about 700 meters of pipes had been 　12　 during a 12-hour period.Phil was found less than two kilometers from where he fell in.He was taken to a 　13　 for a full physical examination and to be reunited with his 　14　.
More than 100 people took part in the　15　 of Phil.Phil was able to find a small area of breathable air and waited there until he was found.
1.A.kept　　　　　B.hidden
C.trapped D.shut
2.A.filled B.faced
C.compared D.occupied
3.A.visitors B.kids
C.strangers D.parents
4.A.carved B.fixed
C.connected D.covered
5.A.broke B.sank
C.existed D.survived
6.A.seriously B.eventually
C.quickly D.exactly
7.A.searching for B.caring about
C.turning to D.calming down
8.A.lifted B.stuck
C.found D.caught
9.A.water B.area
C.block D.street
10.A.thin B.short
C.loose D.long
11.A.pulled B.packed
C.picked D.waked
12.A.judged B.selected
C.removed D.inspected
13.A.park B.school
C.hospital D.club
14.A.friends B.family
C.class D.relatives
15.A.struggle B.game
C.rescue D.adventure
非选择题部分
第二节 语篇语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
China’s first artificial intelligence(AI) textbook for high school students 1.　　　　　 (bring) out last week,following a plan by central government 2. (include) AI courses in primary and secondary school.
The nine-chapter textbook,3.　　　　　 (name) Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence,was written by outstanding 4.　　　　　 (scholar) from well-known schools nationwide,under the joint efforts by the research center for MOOC at East China Normal University and AI startup SenseTime.It includes the history of AI and how the technology can be applied in areas such as facial recognition,auto driving and public security.
“The textbook focuses not only on basics of AI,but on 5.　　　　　 (practice) use of AI in daily life,” said Chen Yukun,a professor at East China Normal University,6. is also a contributor to the book.
Up till now,about 40 high schools across the country 7.　　　　　 (undertake) the task of being the first group of AI high education pilot program 8. introducing the textbook in the curriculum.“The AI sector is facing a talent shortage 9. (global).The publication of the book is 10. breakthrough as it takes AI technology out of the ‘ivory tower’ and makes it part of high school learning,” said Lin Dahua,a professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong.
第四部分　写作(满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作（15分）
假定你是李华,你的美国笔友Tom得知你校上月举办了首届校园科技节活动,发邮件向你询问相关情况,请你回复邮件。内容包括:
1.活动的目的;
2.活动的形式:如智能校园创客(maker)大赛、科创成果展等;
3.你的感受。
注意:1.词数 80 左右;开头已给出,不计入总词数;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
I am excited to tell you that the first Science and Technology Festival was held in our school last month,
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 故事续写（25分）
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给的段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Life Back on Earth
It is 7 am in the morning and the alarm reminds me once again to prepare for the school.It is a beautiful day with clear sky and lots of bright sunshine.But I don’t have time to soak into this because my school vehicle will come sharp at 8 and in case I miss,my parent will give me a beating.So better run.
My school bus just took off and drove past the residential towers.It takes only 5 minutes to reach the school where each of us will have designated routines to follow and any deviation will be caught on CCTV and reported back to my parents online on their desk.After all,it is the year 2300.
Oh yes!We are the 4th generation people living on Europa in a habitable space which has been created specifically for us by man in the 22nd century.The earth became dangerous for living due to increasing pollution which our forefathers created and hence mankind had to look for other places for a living.All over the world,a handful of people were selected and my great grandparents traveled all the way to this place to continue a life.
It is 12 pm and lunch time.Today we were served some delicious cream and chocolates.These are made on planet Mars these days and brought here directly.I am feeling a little sleepy but my robotic teacher won’t give me a break and also our results will be out today.I am feeling a little tensed.
Oh my God!I have come first in my class,feeling over the moon(Or,over the Europa).And,you won’t believe me-I have got a chance to visit earth along with others on a day trip.I am so excited about the trip and my parents are equally so.I am carrying my latest camera to catch every moment of the journey.
Finally we are on the earth after the 4 hours’ journey and we are in our organo-synthetic suit to protect against the harmful environment where once mankind took their first breath.
Paragraph 1:
There are still some colonies of humans spreading across the globe mostly in the triangular land mass (historians say it Africa)and I am very eager to see them closely.
Paragraph 2:
It is getting darker and we had to go back.
参考答案：
【阅读理解】
A:1-4ACDA
B:5-7ADC
C:8-11CDBC
D:12-15DCAB
【七选五】
1-5CDGAF
【完形填空】
1-5CABDA
6-10CACBD
11-15ADCBC
【语法填空】
1.was brought
2.to include
3.named　
4.scholars
5.practical
6.who
7.have undertaken
8.by
9.globally
10.a
【写作】
【应用文】
Dear Tom,
I am excited to tell you that the first Science and Technology Festival was held in our school last month,which aimed at enriching us students’ school life and promoting the students’ awareness of innovation.
There were a variety of activities in the festival,which included Makers on Campus,where participants could show their designs and products,and an exhibition of the students’ original inventions,designs and literary works.With the enthusiastic participation and support of all the students,the activity turned out a great success.I was astonished at the schoolmates’ creativity and teamwork spirits.
I do hope more activities will be held in my school to provide us with chances to practice our critical thinking and problem-solving abilities.
Yours,
Li Hua
【故事续写】
Paragraph 1:
There are still some colonies of humans spreading across the globe mostly in the triangular land mass (historians say it Africa)and I am very eager to see them closely.Upon arrival,we found ourselves deep in hazy atmosphere,which,as my robot guide tells me,is the result of air pollution.We were almost out of breath,so we had to look for some places where we could breathe.How could mankind survive here I wondered.Luckily,we escaped and landed near a school,where some crazy kids are running around a ball on an open ground,shouting “Goal,Goal,Goal” all the time.My robot guide told me that it was called “Football”.The most popular game on the earth I thought of my game of“Alien Invasion” which is more exciting.Then we continued our trip...
Paragraph 2:
It is getting darker and we had to go back.While back,I still thought about the air pollution,the dirty water,the bare land on the earth.I can’t understand why mankind didn’t care about their home.Though I carried my camera,I took few pictures.The journey to the earth made me sad for those who live in that place.