2022届高考英语语法单选题专项训练：表示工具，手段或方法的介词（含答案解析）
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| 名称 | 2022届高考英语语法单选题专项训练：表示工具，手段或方法的介词（含答案解析） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2021-11-10 22:46:10 | ||
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2022届高考英语语法单选题专项训练：表示工具，手段或方法的介词
一、单项选择（共16小题；共21分）
1. He played a trick _____ Jessy and he had apologized _____ treating her _____ a nice dinner.
A.on; for; to B.in; by; to C.on; by; to D.in; by; with
2. —I'm going to dig it up.
—What _____
A.at B.by C.from D.with
3. All the passengers on board sighed with _____ when the captain announced that he had solved the mechanical problems _____ the engine.
A.relief... for B.relief... with
C.grief... for D.grief... with
4. The writer’s early works were filmed _____ black and white.
A.at B.over C.on D.in
从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
5. The little pupil took his grandma _____ the arm and walked her across the street.
A.on B.by C.in D.at
6. In A Brief History of Time, Stephen Hawking wrote _____ non-technical terms about the origin and development of the universe.
A.from B.by C.in D.with
7. With the guide leading the way, we were able to travel _____ the forest not _____ air but _____ foot.
A.through; by; on B.across; by; on
C.past; on; by D.into; on; by
8. —How do they _____
—_____ writing novels.
A.earn their life; By B.earn their live; By
C.make their life; On D.earn their living; By
9. The boy was too young to write, but he sent his father a letter and told him what had happened _____ drawing pictures.
A.with B.in C.to D.by
从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
10. Star skater Wu Dajing won China's first gold medal at the 2018 PyeongChang Olympic Winter Games _____ breaking world record in short track men's 500 m.
A.to B.by C.with D.in
单项选择
11. It took him six days to go _____ the desert _____ a car.
A.across; in B.across; by C.through; on D.through; by
从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
12. He _____ all his money, and as a result, he had to _____ delivering milk door to door.
A.used up; make a life with B.ran out of; make a living by
C.ran out; make a living with D.used up; make a life by
13. He hasn't got enough money _____ he could buy his wife a ring.
A.which B.that C.with which D.for which
14. Yesterday she was prevented _____ illness _____ to work.
A.for; from going B.by; going
C.by; to go D.by; from going
15. I was about _____ road _____ a ship came to me.
A.travelling on; while B.to travel on; while
C.travelling by; when D.to travel by; when
16. He _____ the foundations of his success _____ studying hard.
A.lay; with B.laid; on C.lied; through D.laid; by
答案
第一部分
1 . C
【解析】
考查介词。句意：他捉弄了杰西，并请她吃了一顿丰盛的晚餐以示歉意。固定词组：play a trick on“捉弄某人”；by doing sth.“通过做某事”；treat sb. to sth.“用某物招待某人”。故选 C。
2 . D
【解析】
本句的第二部分是一个省略句。如不省略，应该是：What are you going to dig it with “你用什么东西去挖？”
3 . B
4 . D
5 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题考查的是介词用法。句意为：小学生扶着奶奶的胳膊，陪她穿过了街道。take sb. by the arm意为“拉着某人的胳膊”。故B项正确。
6 . C
【解析】
正确答案是C。
此题考查的是介词。句意：在《简史》上，Stephen Hawking用非技术术语写下了宇宙的起源和发展。语言相关的名词前使用in。
7 . A
【解析】
A
考查介词的用法。句意：有了导航，即便我们不用飞行，也可以步行穿过森林。through表示“从……里（中）穿过”；by表示采用某种交通方式，如：by land走路地；by sea/water走水路；by train/plane/ship乘火车/飞机/轮船，但是表示“步行”，则为on foot。
8 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题考查的是短语和介词。earn one's living“谋生，维持生计”；by doing sth.中“by”表示手段。
9 . D
10 . B
【解析】正确答案是B。此题考查的是介词辨析。句意：在2018年的平昌冬奥会上，滑冰明星武大靖通过打破短道男子500米世界纪录获得了中国首枚奥运金牌。by 通过。
11 . A
【解析】正确答案是A。此题考查的是介词的辨析。句意：乘汽车穿越沙漠花了他六天的时间。across （从表面）穿过；through （从内部）穿过；in a car=by car 乘汽车。
12 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题考查的是短语辨析。句意：他把所有的钱都花光了，结果，他不得不靠挨家挨户送牛奶来谋生。use up = run out of 用完，人作主语；be used up = run out 用完，物作主语；make a living by 通过......谋生。
13 . C
【解析】
正确答案是C。
此题考查的是定语从句。句意：他没有足够的钱给他妻子买一枚戒指。空前是完整的句子结构，空处内容及其后的内容作定语修饰money，故这是定语从句；空后是完整的句子结构，故空处填入从句的状语，故使用“介词+which”；buy sth. with money 用钱买某物，故使用介词with。
14 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题考查的是词组。by 被，介词；prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事，用于被动语态中时，介词from不能省略。
15 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题考查的是固定搭配和连词的辨析。句意：我刚要选择走陆路，这时一艘船朝我们驶来。be about to do…when… 刚要做……，这时（突然）……。by road 由公路。
16 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题考查的是固定短语。句意：通过努力学习，他为自己的成功打下了基础。lay the foundations 打基础。
第1页（共1 页）
一、单项选择（共16小题；共21分）
1. He played a trick _____ Jessy and he had apologized _____ treating her _____ a nice dinner.
A.on; for; to B.in; by; to C.on; by; to D.in; by; with
2. —I'm going to dig it up.
—What _____
A.at B.by C.from D.with
3. All the passengers on board sighed with _____ when the captain announced that he had solved the mechanical problems _____ the engine.
A.relief... for B.relief... with
C.grief... for D.grief... with
4. The writer’s early works were filmed _____ black and white.
A.at B.over C.on D.in
从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
5. The little pupil took his grandma _____ the arm and walked her across the street.
A.on B.by C.in D.at
6. In A Brief History of Time, Stephen Hawking wrote _____ non-technical terms about the origin and development of the universe.
A.from B.by C.in D.with
7. With the guide leading the way, we were able to travel _____ the forest not _____ air but _____ foot.
A.through; by; on B.across; by; on
C.past; on; by D.into; on; by
8. —How do they _____
—_____ writing novels.
A.earn their life; By B.earn their live; By
C.make their life; On D.earn their living; By
9. The boy was too young to write, but he sent his father a letter and told him what had happened _____ drawing pictures.
A.with B.in C.to D.by
从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
10. Star skater Wu Dajing won China's first gold medal at the 2018 PyeongChang Olympic Winter Games _____ breaking world record in short track men's 500 m.
A.to B.by C.with D.in
单项选择
11. It took him six days to go _____ the desert _____ a car.
A.across; in B.across; by C.through; on D.through; by
从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
12. He _____ all his money, and as a result, he had to _____ delivering milk door to door.
A.used up; make a life with B.ran out of; make a living by
C.ran out; make a living with D.used up; make a life by
13. He hasn't got enough money _____ he could buy his wife a ring.
A.which B.that C.with which D.for which
14. Yesterday she was prevented _____ illness _____ to work.
A.for; from going B.by; going
C.by; to go D.by; from going
15. I was about _____ road _____ a ship came to me.
A.travelling on; while B.to travel on; while
C.travelling by; when D.to travel by; when
16. He _____ the foundations of his success _____ studying hard.
A.lay; with B.laid; on C.lied; through D.laid; by
答案
第一部分
1 . C
【解析】
考查介词。句意：他捉弄了杰西，并请她吃了一顿丰盛的晚餐以示歉意。固定词组：play a trick on“捉弄某人”；by doing sth.“通过做某事”；treat sb. to sth.“用某物招待某人”。故选 C。
2 . D
【解析】
本句的第二部分是一个省略句。如不省略，应该是：What are you going to dig it with “你用什么东西去挖？”
3 . B
4 . D
5 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题考查的是介词用法。句意为：小学生扶着奶奶的胳膊，陪她穿过了街道。take sb. by the arm意为“拉着某人的胳膊”。故B项正确。
6 . C
【解析】
正确答案是C。
此题考查的是介词。句意：在《简史》上，Stephen Hawking用非技术术语写下了宇宙的起源和发展。语言相关的名词前使用in。
7 . A
【解析】
A
考查介词的用法。句意：有了导航，即便我们不用飞行，也可以步行穿过森林。through表示“从……里（中）穿过”；by表示采用某种交通方式，如：by land走路地；by sea/water走水路；by train/plane/ship乘火车/飞机/轮船，但是表示“步行”，则为on foot。
8 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题考查的是短语和介词。earn one's living“谋生，维持生计”；by doing sth.中“by”表示手段。
9 . D
10 . B
【解析】正确答案是B。此题考查的是介词辨析。句意：在2018年的平昌冬奥会上，滑冰明星武大靖通过打破短道男子500米世界纪录获得了中国首枚奥运金牌。by 通过。
11 . A
【解析】正确答案是A。此题考查的是介词的辨析。句意：乘汽车穿越沙漠花了他六天的时间。across （从表面）穿过；through （从内部）穿过；in a car=by car 乘汽车。
12 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题考查的是短语辨析。句意：他把所有的钱都花光了，结果，他不得不靠挨家挨户送牛奶来谋生。use up = run out of 用完，人作主语；be used up = run out 用完，物作主语；make a living by 通过......谋生。
13 . C
【解析】
正确答案是C。
此题考查的是定语从句。句意：他没有足够的钱给他妻子买一枚戒指。空前是完整的句子结构，空处内容及其后的内容作定语修饰money，故这是定语从句；空后是完整的句子结构，故空处填入从句的状语，故使用“介词+which”；buy sth. with money 用钱买某物，故使用介词with。
14 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题考查的是词组。by 被，介词；prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事，用于被动语态中时，介词from不能省略。
15 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题考查的是固定搭配和连词的辨析。句意：我刚要选择走陆路，这时一艘船朝我们驶来。be about to do…when… 刚要做……，这时（突然）……。by road 由公路。
16 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题考查的是固定短语。句意：通过努力学习，他为自己的成功打下了基础。lay the foundations 打基础。
第1页（共1 页）